UNDERSTANDING

AND CONTROLLING
LIGHT
A Short Guide
By Kent DuFault

CONTENTS
Understanding and Controlling Light >> P.03
What is Light? >> P.06
Light has a temperature >> P.10
Bending, Altering, Dispersing, and Squeezing
Light >> P.15
This is entry level light control >> P.18
Advanced Tools for Light Control >> P.21
Softbox >> P.23 Umbrellas >> P.27
Bounce Panel >> P.31
Flag >> P.36
Scrim >> P.40
Barndoors >> P.42
Snoot >> P.44
Black Wrap >> P.46
Gels >> P.48
Mixing Light Sources >> P.51

2013 PHOTZY.COM

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

UNDERSTANDING
AND
CONTROLLING LIGHT

UNDERSTANDING AND
CONTROLLING LIGHT

Photographers can spend

many years, if not a lifetime,
learning how to control
light.

Any photographer, photography class, or photography book

that you ever come across, will tell you that photography is all
about light. And this makes sense, when you think about it,
because without light, its dark, and we cant even see in the
dark much less take a picture.
But when these leaders of the photography world are telling
you its all about light, theyre not talking about the presence,
or absence, of that light. Theyre talking about the quality,
characteristics, and use of that light.
Think about that for a moment. Have you noticed the quality
and characteristics of light? Of course you have! You may not
have thought about it. Who among us hasnt stood outside and
admired the warm glow of a sunset, or,had to squeeze our eyes
tightly when a cars headlights swept across our face. These are
examples of the quality and characteristics of light.

2013 PHOTZY.COM

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

UNDERSTANDING AND
CONTROLLING LIGHT
Photographers can spend many years, if not a lifetime, learning
how to control light. An entire multi-million dollar industry is
centered on producing stuff that will allow a photographer to
master light and make it do what he or she wants.
The purpose of this guide isnt to turn you into a lighting
expert. That just isnt possible: only practice and experience can
get you there.
Our goal is to give you some basic knowledge about-

2013 PHOTZY.COM

Light
How light works
The characteristics of light
An explanation of commercially made light modification
equipment
Examples of what that equipment does to the light
How you can make some of this equipment for yourself

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

WHAT IS LIGHT?

WHAT IS LIGHT?
Lets take a moment, and step back into our high school
science class. Most of us probably learned two facts about light:
facts that we may have forgotten: facts that are crucial to a
photographer as they learn to master the control of light.

Light travels in waves.

Thats why youll often hear
the reference to
wavelength.

Fact one- Light travels in waves. Thats why youll often hear
the reference to wavelength.
Here is a formal definition of lightVisible light (commonly referred to simply as light) is
electromagnetic radiation that is visible to the human eye,
and is responsible for the sense of sight.[1] Visible light has
a wavelength in the range of about 380 nanometres (nm), or
380109 m, to about 740 nanometres between the invisible
infrared, with longer wavelengths and the invisible ultraviolet,
with shorter wavelengths.

2013 PHOTZY.COM

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

WHAT IS LIGHT?

The waves created by each

stones impact begin to
emanate outward in
concentric circles.

Primary properties of visible light are intensity, propagation

direction, frequency or wavelengthspectrum, and polarization,
while its speed in a vacuum, 299,792,458 meters per second,
is one of the fundamental constants of nature. - Courtesy if
Wikipedia
Now- All that seems pretty boring doesnt it? The good news
is- You dont really need to know all that! (But it doesnt hurt,
right?)
Think of light this way- You are standing on the edge of a dock,
overlooking a lake. You have a large rock in each of your hands.
You throw the left rock into the water. A second later, you
throw the right rock into the water. The waves created by each
stones impact begin to emanate outward in concentric circles.
As the waves gain distance from the point of origination, they
become longer (wavelength), and when the waves created from
each stone collide- they modify; they change direction, size,
shape, etc.

2013 PHOTZY.COM

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

WHAT IS LIGHT?
Light waves work the same way!

By manually altering the

light waves, you will bend
them, lengthen them,
color them, bounce them,
disperse them, eliminate
them, squeeze them, and
flair them out.

When you light a subject for a photograph; you switch on

a constant light source, fire a flash, or place your subject in
the sunshine: light waves begin illuminating the subject.
Now- its up to you to manually change the path of those
light waves to alter their characteristics: just like when the
concentric circles of waves, (created by the rocks), collided
and changed. By manually altering the light waves, you
will bend them, lengthen them, color them, bounce them,
disperse them, eliminate them, squeeze them, and flair them
out.
This process will change how that light illuminates your
subject!

2013 PHOTZY.COM

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

FACT TWO- LIGHT HAS

A TEMPERATURE

LIGHT HAS A TEMPERATURE

Do you remember your science teacher talking about the
spectrum of light? He, or she, probably walked the class to
a window, pulled out a small triangular piece of glass called
a prism, set it on a window sill, and stood back. All of your
classmates then leaned over and marveled at the rainbow of
colors.
What you were in fact looking at is dissected light. White
light is made up of different colors called the light spectrum.
Each color along the spectrum has a specific temperature
measured in Kelvin.
The higher the Kelvin temperature, the colder, or bluer,
the light will appear to our eyes. The lower the Kelvin
temperature, the warmer, or more red / orange, the light will
appear to our eyes.

2013 PHOTZY.COM

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

11

LIGHT HAS A TEMPERATURE

There are two facts that you need to glean from this1. Every light source that you use to light your subject has
a color temperature (a certain spectrum of light).

Every light source that you

use to light your subject has
a color temperature
(a certain spectrum of light).

Unless, youre trying for special effects, its best to keep

the temperatures similar among your light sources.
Example, youre going to use household lamps to light
a food photograph. Use the same bulb in every lampmanufacturer, wattage, bulb type. This will ensure
that they have a similar color temperature. Only
professional photographic equipment will be precise in
color temperature. When youre beginning- you dont
need to be that picky.
And, dont forget that you will need to tell your camera,
(white balance setting); what type of light you are
using!

2013 PHOTZY.COM

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

12

LIGHT HAS A TEMPERATURE

You can alter the color temperature of light by
introducing a colored gel in front of it.

A colored gel works by

eliminating all other
colors of the spectrum as
light passes through it

A colored gel works by eliminating all other colors of

the spectrum as light passes through it. It filters them
out. You put a blue gel in front of a warm light, and
blue light passes through, all the other light spectrum
is stopped, or filtered out.
This is important because you can use this several
ways. What if you want to take a photograph- but
your light sources have varied color temperature? You
can put a gel on one, or more of the light sources to
balance them.
Example- You desire to take a picture using the
interiorof a church, you want to capture the details of
the church (with existing lighting), but you want to use
your portable flash to light a bride. Interior lighting is
generally in the warm end of the lighting spectrum.
Flash, however, is more toward the blue (cold) end of

2013 PHOTZY.COM

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

13

the spectrum. The difference between the two can be

stark and unpleasing. Solution- You pull out a brownish
gel called, a warming gel, (sold at camera stores), and
you place that gel over your flash. The gel will eliminate
the blue light from your flash, allowing only the warm,
reddish, rays of the spectrum to pass through.
Congratulations! You have balanced your light sources.

Notice the warm light of the interior versus the cooler

daylight coming through the windows. Understanding color
temperature is a big step toward controlling light.
Now that weve covered the characteristics of light, and we
have a basic understanding of how those characteristics
can be altered, lets look at some of the tools available for a
photographer to do just that!

2013 PHOTZY.COM

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

14

BENDING, ALTERING,
DISPERSING, AND
SQUEEZING LIGHT

BENDING, ALTERING, DISPERSING, AND

SQUEEZING LIGHT
There are many ways to bend, alter, disperse, and squeeze light:
infinite ways really.
As a beginner, start with your portable flash. Most flash units
today have a feature where the head swivels and tilts. This
is used to produce bounced flash light. This is the easiest
method to begin learning how to control light.
Lets look at two examplesThis photograph was taken using a direct portable flash.
Notice the harsh quality of the light. It produces a flat, almost
shapeless look on the model. The shadows are harsh.

2013 PHOTZY.COM

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

16

BENDING, ALTERING, DISPERSING, AND

SQUEEZING LIGHT
This photograph was taken using a portable flash. But, the
photographer swiveled the head to the right, and then tipped
the head up, so that the flash output bounced off the ceiling.
Notice how different the light is from the previous picture? Its
directional, so there is modeling to the subjects face. Its also
softer because the light has been dispersed over a wide area,
bounced, and then returned to the subject.
This bounce method also causes the shadows to soften (not so
dark) because the light waves are literally bouncing around the
entire room at different angles.

2013 PHOTZY.COM

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

17

THIS IS ENTRY LEVEL

LIGHT CONTROL

THIS IS ENTRY LEVEL LIGHT CONTROL

Take some time to play with your flash. Alter the angle of light
and its qualities. You can do this by swiveling the head, put
paper, cloth, or plastic in front of it. See how much you can vary
the light on a particular scene!

The light will pick up

the color of the object it is
bounced off.

Here are two very important points to remember about bounced

light!
1. The light will pick up the color of the object it is
bounced off. Therefore, whenever possible, try to
bounce the light off of a surface that is close to a
neutral white. Example- if you bounce the light off
of a green wall, the light will shift toward the green
spectrum, and that will throw a green tone on your
subject.
2. The amount of light that bounces off of your chosen
surface will have less intensity than direct flash (the
reason being that the light waves had to travel further
and they are dispersed). A light surface, such as a white
wall, will bounce more light (because of reflectivity),
than say, a dark surface, such as a paneled wall.

2013 PHOTZY.COM

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

19

A very dark surface will bounce almost no light. Youll

need to make a judgment on the distance, and color, of
an object that you wish to bounce light from.
This light source picked up the color of the green plastic
bucket.

This photographer doesnt have an external portable flash. Hes

attempting to control the pop-up flash on his camera. Good
idea!

2013 PHOTZY.COM

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

20

ADVANCED TOOLS
FOR LIGHT CONTROL

ADVANCED TOOLS FOR LIGHT

CONTROL
Once youve mastered bouncing your flash around, its time to
delve into other ways to alter light!
Common Photographic Tools for Light Modification

Once youve mastered

bouncing your flash around,
its time to delve into other
ways to alter light!

1. Softbox
2. Umbrella
3. Bounce Panel
4. Flag
5. Scrim
6. Barndoors
7. Snoot
8. Gels

2013 PHOTZY.COM

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

22

SOFTBOX

SOFTBOX
A soft box is a tool that provides soft, yet directional light.
Here is a commercially made professional softbox-

Here is an example of a homemade softbox-

2013 PHOTZY.COM

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

24

SOFTBOX
A softbox is a device that you introduce your harsh direct light
into one end, and it disperses that light by bouncing it around
inside. When the light exits the other side of the box- it is soft.

A softbox is a device that

you introduce your harsh
direct light into one end,
and it disperses that light
by bouncing it around
inside.

Softboxes are available from small sizes, (for portable flash), to

huge sizes (for commercial studio lights).
They have a certain advantage over umbrellas because they
are more directional, and they have less fall-off into unwanted
areas.
Two things to remember about the use of a softbox- The larger
the soft box is, relative to the subject, the softer the light.
A softbox used to light a car, for example, could be as big as
a room! The closer a softbox is to the subject, relative to the
subject size, the softer the softbox light will be.

2013 PHOTZY.COM

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

25

SOFTBOX
Many photographers see the softbox as the answer to all
lighting solutions. But that isnt always the case. You can
actually create a flat uninteresting photograph by making the
light too soft!
This is an example of softbox lighting that is overdone.
The photographer has removed all shadows, and specular
highlights, creating a flat uninteresting photograph.
This is an example of good softbox lighting. There is detail
everywhere, but the photograph has specular highlights and
visible shadows which maintain a three dimensional look.

2013 PHOTZY.COM

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

26

UMBRELLAS

UMBRELLAS
Umbrellas work much like a softbox in that a harsh light source
is introduced, the light is bounced around, and it exits with a
softer quality of light.
There are two types of umbrellas: the shoot through type, and
the bounce type.
Here is a commercially made shoot through umbrellaAs you can see, the light is directed toward the umbrella, and
the umbrella is pointed at the subject. This creates a softer light
by widening it and dispersing it.
This type of lighting, while softer than a direct flash, still maintains some of the stronger direct wavelengths. It is a good
choice when you want softer, yet distinct, lighting.
The disadvantage to this type of light modification is that it
isnt easy to prevent light from spilling all around your set.

2013 PHOTZY.COM

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

28

UMBRELLAS
This is a bounce umbrella light setup. The flash is directed
at the umbrella. The light waves hit the inner surface of the
umbrella, which is usually either a white fabric, or a metallic
fabric, and then the light bounces back in the direction of the
original light source. The white fabric umbrella creates a softer
light; the metallic version creates a slightly harsher light.
How can you tell the difference between a shoot through
umbrella, and a bounce umbrella? The outer portion of a
bounce umbrella will be covered in black so that no light passes
through!
The bounce umbrella adds a feature that the shoot through
variety doesnt have; it allows you to feather the light that
lands on your subject. This is helpful, if you want some light
hitting the subject, but you dont want light bouncing around
everywhere.

2013 PHOTZY.COM

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

29

UMBRELLAS
The bounce umbrella adds a feature that the shoot through
variety doesnt have; it allows you to feather the light that
lands on your subject. This is helpful, if you want some light
hitting the subject, but you dont want light bouncing around
everywhere.

2013 PHOTZY.COM

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

30

BOUNCE PANEL

BOUNCE PANEL
Besides, just using the swivel head on your portable flash, a
bounce panel is your easiest entry into light control. Theyre
easy to use, easy to move around, inexpensive to purchase from
a camera store, and, easy to make on your own.
Here are examples of two commercially available bounce
panels. Some panels have a fixed fabric; others allow changing
the fabric to change the quality of the bounced light. Some are
circular for the convenience of collapsing into a small package
for transport. However, we feel that the rectangular versions are
generally easier to use.
Bounce panels work the same way as bouncing a flash off off
of a wall, or ceiling. The difference is that the bounce panel is
portable and moveable. A bounce panel allows you to place it
where you want, and change the quality of light by adjusting the
distance to the subject, the angle of the light hitting the panel,
and the color of the panel.

2013 PHOTZY.COM

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

32

BOUNCE PANEL
This is a fairly sophisticated example of a homemade bounce
panel.
Its so easy to make bounce panels! Go to a local art supply
store and ask them for foamcore. Many professionals use
foamcore in their studios. Its relatively inexpensive, pretty
durable, and can be purchased with white on both sides, or,
white on one side, black on the other, or, in different colors.
The downside to it is that it isnt collapsible for transport. Some
photographers will cut sections of foamcore that they then tape
together with duct tape. This way the panel starts out smaller
(easier to transport) but can then be unfolded to a larger size.
A handy accessory for any light modification equipment is
several decent light stands and a dozen or so spring clamps.
You can start out with one or two light stands and add to your
inventory as you grow. The spring clamps you can buy at any
home improvement store.

2013 PHOTZY.COM

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

33

BOUNCE PANEL
Spring clamps are very useful to attach your light modification
gear to light stands.
You can also make collapsible frames out of PVC pipe. Then
cut a heavy white fabric to the size of the frame.
Sew some elastic corners onto the fabric so it can slip over the
frame and will be held in place.
You can also just wrap the fabric around the frame and secure
it with spring clamps.
Its important to pull that fabric tight. If its loose, or sagging,
the intensity of light that is bounced back will be significantly
reduced.

2013 PHOTZY.COM

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

34

BOUNCE PANEL
A bounce panel can also be as simple as a piece of cardboard
painted white, or, cardboard covered with tinfoil that you glued
on.

2013 PHOTZY.COM

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

35

FLAG

FLAG
A flag is constructed the same way as a bounce panel, with one
major exception; a flag is covered with something flat-black.

A flag is constructed the

same way as a bounce
panel, with one major
exception; a flag is covered
with something flat-black.

Its purpose is the exact opposite as well. Whereas a bounce

panel is meant to bounce light back onto your subject, a flag is
meant to absorb light and not let light pass through it.
Where MightYou Decide to Employ a Flag?
Youre shooting a portrait. You want dramatic side lighting with
deep shadows. You set up an umbrella to the left of your subject
and shoot a test picture. The lighting looks good, but the light is
passing by your subject and bouncing around off other nearby
objects: the resulting shadow isnt very dark or dramatic. Your
solution- put up a flag to the right of your subject. The flag will
prevent any light from passing through it, and the flat-black
surface will reflect no light.

2013 PHOTZY.COM

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

37

FLAG
The Result of Your Effort?
Those dense shadows you wanted!

The flag will prevent any

light from passing through
it, and the flat-black surface
will reflect no light.

2013 PHOTZY.COM

A word of caution- If you intend to make your own flags, either

by painting a surface, or by putting black fabric on a frame,
make sure you use flat-black paint (not gloss), and a heavy
(thick enough so light wont pass through) flat-black fabric (no
sheen).

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

38

SCRIM

SCRIM
A scrim is also much like a bounce panel. The difference here
is that a bounce panel is opaque and a scrim is translucent. A
bounce panel bounces light and a scrim allows light to pass
through.
A scrim softens light by dispersing it, and a bounce panel
softens light by bending and dispersing it.
Scrims are often used when there is a light source that you cant
turn off (such as the sun) but you want to alter the quality of
that light. Theyre also a good choice when you want to soften
light just a little bit.
Here is a large commercial grade scrim being used to soften
harsh overhead daylight. A scrim breaks up the harsh
wavelength of direct light and allows a soft light to pass
through.

2013 PHOTZY.COM

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

40

SCRIM
This scrim is being held in place by an assistant. Scrims are a
nice because you can add them, and remove them, from the
lighting setup quickly.
If you decide to make your own scrim, the best way to do it is
with the PVC frame we discussed earlier.
Then, make a visit to a fabric store and ask for white, rip-stop,
nylon. This fabric makes a perfect scrim material.
You can also use nylon screening or other types of fabric. Use
your imagination!

2013 PHOTZY.COM

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

41

BARNDOORS

BARNDOORS
Barndoors work like mini flags. They attach to a light source
and are adjustable to control where light passes through to the
subject. They dont soften light; they simply squeeze it, and cut
it off.
Commercially made barndoorsthat attach to a light
Barndoors are often used in theatrical productions. They are
typically available for commercial hot light.
But you can find models made for flash, even portable flash.
In our opinion, unless youre getting very sophisticated in your
light control, snoots are easier to use.

2013 PHOTZY.COM

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

43

SNOOT

SNOOT
A snoot, works much like a set of barn doors, in that it squeezes
the light into a tighter dispersion pattern.
The difference is that where barndoors are adjustable, a snoot
is fixed. The benefit of a snoot is there is no light falloff, and
theyre easier to use with portable flash.
An example of snoot lighting

An example of a homemade snoot

There are many ways to make a homemade snoot. But, were
going to share with you the easiest way, and in fact, as you learn
to manipulate light, you will find a million uses for this product!

2013 PHOTZY.COM

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

45

BLACK WRAP

BLACK WRAP
Black wrap should be attainable at any professional
photographic equipment retailer.
Black wrap is a metallic, flat-black, material that is similar
to a heavy-duty tinfoil. It comes on a roll like tinfoil, and it is
relatively inexpensive.
Its bendable, pliable, fire resistant, and you can puncture holes
in it, or cut shapes, to manipulate the light as it passes through
it.
To make a snoot with black wrap simply tear off a section that
is large enough to wrap around the head of your light source
(forming a cone, or tunnel). You can then bend, or squeeze, the
black wrap to allow just the amount of light you desire to pass
through.
Snoots are an excellent tool for placing a tiny direct light onto
your subject with little to no light spill.

2013 PHOTZY.COM

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

47

GELS

GELS
We touched on gels earlier. There is a very important aspect of
light that you need to understand as relates to gelled lighting.

if you turn on a white

light, and let that light
spill onto the gelled
light, its like dropping
the food coloring into
the water.

Imagine that you have a glass of clear water. You also have a
dropper filled with dark red food coloring.
When you drop the food coloring into the water, it begins to
disperse, when it has mixed completely with the water the red
color is almost gone. You have just a faint pink hue.
Now, lets put that into the context of gelled light. When you
put a gel on a light, and shine that light onto something in a
darkened room, the gelled light will be deep and intense.
However, if you turn on a white light, and let that light spill
onto the gelled light, its like dropping the food coloring
into the water. The white light will dilute the gelled light by
throwing all the colors of the spectrum back into the mix.

2013 PHOTZY.COM

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

49

GELS
So, here are the points you need to remember- dont let white
light hit your gelled light, and, multiple, colored, gelled light will
mix color when they intersect.

2013 PHOTZY.COM

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

50

MIXING LIGHT SOURCES

MIXING LIGHT SOURCES

This is stepping into the realm of an advanced guide. We want
to hammer home one point.

When youre just starting

out, keep the light sources
to a minimum, two or three
at the most.

When youre just starting out, keep the light sources to a

minimum, two or three at the most. Once youve mastered
controlling those lights; you can expand.
Many professional photography shoots incorporate up to
dozens of lights: each one doing a specific job. But that takes
experience. If you jump in too heavily, youll only frustrate
yourself.
Have fun!

2013 PHOTZY.COM

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

52

ABOUT THE AUTHOR:

Kent DuFault is a professional

photographer and author.
You can check out his work here;
Short Stories: http://www.amazon.com/-/e/B006RASQUI
Website: http://www.bellakentuky.com
Facebook: http://www.facebook.
com/bellakentukyauthor
Twitter: @bellakentuky
Blogging on publishing: http://
novelnook.wordpress.com/welove-photography-so-much

2013 PHOTZY.COM

IMAGE CREDITS:

Cover : Ravenshoe Group

Pg 5 : Ravenshoe Group
Pg 11 : Wonker
Pg 14 : Papalars
Pg 16 : Helga Weber
Pg 17 : Donald Windley
Pg 19 : Pennuja
Pg 19 : Blehk
Pg 24 : Vimages
Pg 24 : Banaan
Pg 26 : Cherrysweetdeal
Pg 26 : Cherrysweetdeal
Pg 28 : Vox Efx
Pg 29 : Akam
Pg 30 : Heipei
Pg 32 : Kyle May
Pg 33 : Chun Wu
Pg 34 : Oddharmonic
Pg 34 : Teresatrimm
Pg 35 : Teresatrimm
Pg 40 : Booledozer
Pg 41 : Craigemorsels
Pg 43 : Cjames Fotografia
Pg 45 : LINXBAS
Pg 45 : Helgas Lobster Stew
Pg 47 : Gam BW2710
Pg 47 : Alex Holzknecht
Pg 50 : Dualdflipflop

FONTS:

Ovo
Montserrat
Rokkitt

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

54

DONT STOP NOW!

You Can Continue to Learn and
Master Photography with Photzy.com
Get Your Free Guides, Videos,
Tutorials and More at Photzy.com

2013 PHOTZY.COM

Get Your FREE Photography Tutorials at www.photzy.com

55