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Maulana Abul Kalam Azad Biography - Maulana Azad Indian Freedom Fighter - Information On Maulana Azad - History of Maulana Abul Kalam Azad PDF

Maulana Abul Kalam Azad was an Indian scholar and nationalist who played a pivotal role in India's independence movement. He was born in 1888 in Mecca and received a traditional Islamic education before becoming involved in revolutionary activities against British rule in India. Azad helped establish secret revolutionary centers across North India and advocated for Hindu-Muslim unity. He was a prominent leader in the Khilafat Movement and the Indian National Congress. After independence, Azad served as India's first education minister and made invaluable contributions to the new nation before his death in 1958.

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3K views2 pages

Maulana Abul Kalam Azad Biography - Maulana Azad Indian Freedom Fighter - Information On Maulana Azad - History of Maulana Abul Kalam Azad PDF

Maulana Abul Kalam Azad was an Indian scholar and nationalist who played a pivotal role in India's independence movement. He was born in 1888 in Mecca and received a traditional Islamic education before becoming involved in revolutionary activities against British rule in India. Azad helped establish secret revolutionary centers across North India and advocated for Hindu-Muslim unity. He was a prominent leader in the Khilafat Movement and the Indian National Congress. After independence, Azad served as India's first education minister and made invaluable contributions to the new nation before his death in 1958.

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Aatif Kazmi
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© © All Rights Reserved
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4/11/2016

MaulanaAbulKalamAzadBiographyMaulanaAzadIndianFreedomFighterInformationonMaulanaAzadHistoryofMaulanaAbulKalamAzad

Born:November11,1888
Died:February22,1958
Achievements:StartedaweeklyjournalAlHilaltoincreasetherevolutionaryrecruitsamongsttheMuslimselectedas
CongressPresidentin1923and1940becameindependentIndia'sfirsteducationminister.
MaulanaAbulKalamAzad'srealnamewasAbulKalamGhulamMuhiyuddin.HewaspopularlyknownasMaulanaAzad.
MaulanaAbulKalamAzadwasoneoftheforemostleadersofIndianfreedomstruggle.Hewasalsoarenownedscholar,
and poet. MaulanaAzad was well versed in many languages viz.Arabic, English, Urdu, Hindi, Persian and Bengali.
MaulanaAzadwasabrilliantdebater,asindicatedbyhisname,AbulKalam,whichliterallymeans"lordofdialogue".He
adoptedthepenname'Azad'asamarkofhismentalemancipationfromanarrowviewofreligionandlife.MaulanaAzad
becameindependentIndia'sfirsteducationminister.Forhisinvaluablecontributiontothenation,MaulanaAbulKalam
AzadwasposthumouslyawardedIndia'shighestcivilianhonour,BharatRatnain1992.
Maulana Abul Kalam Azad was born on November 11, 1888 in Mecca. His forefather's came from Herat (a city in
Afghanistan)inBabar'sdays.AzadwasadescendentofalineageoflearnedMuslimscholars,ormaulanas.Hismother
was anArab and the daughter of Sheikh Mohammad Zaher Watri and his father, Maulana Khairuddin, was a Bengali
MuslimofAfghanorigins.KhairuddinleftIndiaduringtheSepoyMutinyandproceededtoMeccaandsettledthere.He
camebacktoCalcuttawithhisfamilyin1890.
BecauseofhisorthodoxfamilybackgroundAzadhadtopursuetraditionalIslamiceducation.Hewastaughtathome,first
by his father and later by appointed teachers who were eminent in their respective fields. Azad learned Arabic and
Persianfirstandthenphilosophy,geometry,mathematicsandalgebra.HealsolearntEnglish,worldhistory,andpolitics
throughselfstudy.
Azad was trained and educated to become a clergyman. He wrote many works, reinterpreting the Holy Quran. His
erudition led him to repudiateTaqliq or the tradition of conformity and accept the principle ofTajdid or innovation. He
developedinterestinthepanIslamicdoctrinesofJamaluddinAfghaniandtheAligarhthoughtofSirSyedAhmedKhan.
Imbued with the panIslamic spirit, he visited Afghanistan, Iraq, Egypt, Syria and Turkey. In Iraq he met the exiled
revolutionarieswhowerefightingtoestablishaconstitutionalgovernmentinIran.InEgypthemetShaikhMuhammad
AbduhandSaeedPashaandotherrevolutionaryactivistsoftheArabworld.Hehadafirsthandknowledgeoftheideals
andspiritoftheYoungTurksinConstantinople.Allthesecontactsmetamorphosedhimintoanationalistrevolutionary.
Onhisreturnfromabroad,AzadmettwoleadingrevolutionariesofBengalAurobindoGhoshandSriShyamShundar
Chakravarty,andjoinedtherevolutionarymovementagainstBritishrule.Azadfoundthattherevolutionaryactivitieswere
restrictedtoBengalandBihar.Withintwoyears,MaulanaAbulKalamAzad,helpedsetupsecretrevolutionarycentersall
over north India and Bombay. During that time most of his revolutionaries were antiMuslim because they felt that the
BritishGovernmentwasusingtheMuslimcommunityagainstIndia'sfreedomstruggle.MaulanaAbulKalamAzadtriedto
convincehiscolleaguestoshedtheirhostilitytowardsMuslims.
In1912,MaulanaAbulKalamAzadstartedaweeklyjournalinUrducalledAlHilaltoincreasetherevolutionaryrecruits
amongsttheMuslims.AlHilalplayedanimportantroleinforgingHinduMuslimunityafterthebadbloodcreatedbetween
the two communities in the aftermath of MorleyMinto reforms.Al Hilal became a revolutionary mouthpiece ventilating
extremistviews.ThegovernmentregardedAlHilalaspropogatorofsecessionistviewsandbanneditin1914.Maulana
Azad then started another weekly called AlBalagh with the same mission of propagating Indian nationalism and
revolutionaryideasbasedonHinduMuslimunity.In1916,thegovernmentbannedthispapertooandexpelledMaulana
AbulKalamAzadfromCalcuttaandinternedhimatRanchifromwherehewasreleasedaftertheFirstWorldWarin1920.
Afterhisrelease,AzadrousedtheMuslimcommunitythroughtheKhilafatMovement.Theaimofthemovementwastore
instatetheKhalifaastheheadofBritishcapturedTurkey.MaulanaAzadsupportedNonCooperationMovementstarted
byGandhijiandenteredIndianNationalCongressin1920.Hewaselectedasthepresidentofthespecialsessionofthe
CongressinDelhi(1923).MaulanaAzadwasagainarrestedin1930forviolationofthesaltlawsaspartofGandhiji'sSalt
Satyagraha.HewasputinMeerutjailforayearandahalf.MaulanaAzadbecamethepresidentofCongressin1940
(Ramgarh)andremainedintheposttill1946.Hewasastaunchopponentofpartitionandsupportedaconfederationof
autonomous provinces with their own constitutions but common defence and economy. Partition hurt him greatly and
shatteredhisdreamofanunifiednationwhereHindusandMuslimscancoexistandprospertogether.

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4/11/2016

MaulanaAbulKalamAzadBiographyMaulanaAzadIndianFreedomFighterInformationonMaulanaAzadHistoryofMaulanaAbulKalamAzad

MaulanaAbulKalamAzadservedastheMinisterofEducationinPanditJawaharlalNehru'scabinetfrom1947to1958.
HediedofastrokeonFebruary22,1958.

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