Laboratory Experiments Manual for 8085 Microprocessor

Experiment No. 1 - Addition of Two 8-bit Numbers and Sum is 8-bit

AIM: Write 8085 assembly language program for addition of two 8-bit numbers and sum is 8
bit.
Instruments Required: 1. 8085
Microprocessor Kit 2.
+5V Power supply
Theory : Consider the first number 26H is stored in memory location 8000H and the
second number 62H is stored in memory location 8001H. The result after addition of
two numbers is to be stored in the memory location 8002 H. Assume program starts
from memory location 8500H.
Algorithm
1. Initialise the memory location of first number in HL
register pair. 2. Move first number/data into
accumulator
3. Increment the content of HL register pair to initialise the memory
location of second data 4.

Add the second data with accumulator

5. Store the result in memory

location 8003H PROGRAM
Memor
y
8500

Machine
Codes
21, 00, 80

Labels

Mnemonics Operands

8503

7E

MOV

8504

23

INX

8505

66

ADD

8506
8509

32, 03, 80
76

STA
HLT

LXI

Comments

H, 8000 H Address of first

number in H-L
A,M
Transfer first
number in
H
Increment content of
H-L register pair
M
Add first number
and second
8003H
Store sum in 8003 H
Halt

Experimental Results
Input DATA
Memory
8000
8001

Data
26H
62H

RESULT
Memory location
8003

Data
88H

Conclusion:
The addition of two 8-bit numbers is performed using 8085 microprocessor
where sum is 8-bit. Precautions:
1. Properly connect the 8085 microprocessor kit with power

supply terminals. 2.

Switch on the power supply after

checking connections
3. Handle the Trainer kit
carefully. Viva-Voice Questions:

1. What is the function of LXI H, 8000 H

instruction? 2.

How you can store a data in

a memory location?
3. How you can read a data from a memory
location? 4.

What are fags available in

8085 ?
5. What is the function of RESET key of a 8085 microprocessor kit

Experiment No. 2 - Addition of two 8 bit numbers and sum is 16-bit

AIM: Write 8085 assembly language program for addition of two 8-bit numbers and sum is 16
bit.
Instruments Required: 1. 8085
Microprocessor Kit 2.
+5V Power supply
Theory : The first number F2H is stored in memory location 8501H and the second
number 2FH is stored in memory location 8502H. The result after addition will be
stored in the memory location 8503 H and 8504H. Consider program is written from
memory location 8000H.
Algorithm:
st

Initialise the memory location of 1 data in HL

register pair. Store first data in the memory
location
Increment the content of HL register pair for entering next data in the next
memory location Store second data in the memory location
Move second number in
accumulator Decrease the
content of HL register pair
Add the content of memory (first data) with
accumulator Store the results in memory
location 8503H and 8504H.
PROGRAM
Memor
y
8000

Machine
Codes
21, 01, 85

Labels

Mnemonics Operands

8003

36, F2

MVI

8005

23

INX

8006

36, 2F

MVI

8008
8009

7E
0E, 00

MOV
MVI

800B

2B

DCX

LXI

Comments

H, 8501 H Address of 1st

number in H-L
st
M, F2H
Store 1
number in
memory
location
H
Increment content of
H-L register pair
nd
M, 2FH
Store 2
number in
memory location
represented by
nd
A, M
2 number in
C,00H
Initialise C register
with 00H to store
st
H
Address of 1 number

800C

66

ADD

800D

D2, 11, 85

JNC

LEVEL_1

8010

0C

INR

8011

32, 03, 85

STA

8503H

8014

79

MOV

A,C

8015

32, 04, 85

STA

2504 H

8018

76

HLT

LEVEL_1

2501 in H-L pair

st
Addition of 1
nd
number and 2
If carry does
not generated ,
jump to
When carry is
generated,
Store LSBs of sum
in memory location
Move MSBs of sum
in accumulator
Store MSBs of sum
in memory location
Halt

Experimental Results
Input DATA
Memory
8501
8502

Data
F2H
2FH

RESULT
Memory
8503
8504

Data
82H LSBs of sum
01H MSBs of sum

Conclusion:
The addition of two 8-bit numbers is performed using 8085 microprocessor
where sum is 16-bit. Precautions:
Properly connect the 8085 microprocessor kit with power
supply terminals. Switch on the power supply after checking
connections
Handle the Trainer kit
carefully. Viva-Voice
Questions:
1. What is the function of JNC instruction?
2. What is the difference between conditional and unconditional
jump instruction? 3.
instruction?
4. What is multi byte?

What is the function of STA 2500$

Experiment No. 3 - Addition of Two 16-Bit Numbers and

Sum is 16-bit AIM: Write 8085 assembly language program for addition of
two16-bit numbers and sum is 16 bit.
Instruments Required: 1. 8085
Microprocessor Kit 2.
+5V Power supply
Theory : The first 16-bit number is stored in 8501 and 8502 memory locations. The second 16bit number
is stored in 8503 and 8504 memory locations. After addition result will be stored
from 8505 and 8506 memory locations. Assume program starts from memory location
8000H
Algorithm:
1. Store first 16-bit number in H-L pair.
2. Exchange the contents of D-E pair and H-L pair to store first number in DE registers pair. 3.
st

4. Addition of 1

Store second 16-bit number in HL register pair.

and 2

nd

number

5. Store result in 8505H and 8506H

locations. PROGRAM
Memor
y
8000

Machine Codes Labels

Mnemonics

Operands Comments

2A, 01, 85

LHLD

8501 H

8000

EB

XCHG`

8000

2A, 03, 85

LHLD

8503 H

8000

19

DAD

8000

22, 05, 85

SHLD

8505 H

8000

76

HLT

Experimental Results
Memory
location

Input DATA
Data

Memor
y

RESULT
Data

Load the content of

8501H location in L
register and H register
is loaded with the
The contents of HL
register pair are
exchanged with
D-E register pair. So
that first data is
Load second 16-bit
number (data-2) in H-L
The contents of D-E
pair are added with
the contents of H-L
pair and result is
Store LSBs of sum in
8505 and MSBs of
Halt

8501
8502
8503
8504

05H
01H
02H
03H

LSBs of data-1 8505

MSBs of data- 8506
LSBs of data-2
MSBs of data-

07H LSBs of sum

04H MSBs of sum

Conclusion:
The addition of two 16-bit numbers is performed using 8085 microprocessor
where sum is 16-bit. Precautions:
1. Properly connect the 8085 microprocessor kit with power
supply terminals. 2.

Switch on the power supply after

checking connections
3. Handle the Trainer kit
carefully. Viva-Voice Questions:

1. What is the function of XCHG instruction?

2. How you can load 16-bit data in 8500H and 8501H
memory locations? 3.

What is the difference between LSLD

and SHLD instructions?

4.

What is the function of DAD D

instruction? 5.

What is difference

between byte and word?

Experiment No. 4 - Decimal Addition of Two 8-Bit Numbers

and Sum is 8-bit AIM: Write 8085 assembly language program for decimal
addition of two8-bit numbers and sum is 8 bit.
Instruments Required: 1. 8085
Microprocessor Kit 2.
+5V Power supply
Theory : Two decimal numbers are stored in 8000H and 8001H. The result is to be stored in
8002H
location. Consider program starts from memory location 8100H
Algorithm
1. Initialise the memory location of first number in HL
register pair. 2. Load the first number in accumulator
3. Increment the content of HL register pair to initialise the memory
location of second data 4.

Addition of the content of second memory

location with first data

5. Decimal adjustment of result
6. Store the result in memory location 8002H
PROGRAM
Memor
y
8100

Machine
Codes
21, 50, 80

8103

Labels

Mnemonics Operands Comments

LXI

H,8050

7E

MOV

A,M

8104

23

INX

8105

86

ADD

8106
8107
810A

27
32, 02, 80
76

DAA
STA
HLT

8002

Experimental Results
Input DATA
Memory
8000
8001

Data
22H
67H

RESULT
Memory location
8002

Data
89H

Load the address of

first number in H-L
Store the first
number in
Increment H-L register
pair to locate second
st
Addition of 1 and
nd
2 number
Decimal Adjust
Store result in 8002H
Halt

Conclusion:
The decimal addition of two 8-bit numbers is performed using 8085 microprocessor where sum
is 8-bit.
Precautions:
1. Properly connect the 8085 microprocessor kit with power
supply terminals. 2.

Switch on the power supply after

checking connections
3. Handle the Trainer kit
carefully. Viva-Voice Questions:
1. What is the function of DAA instruction?

Experiment No. 5 - Ones Complement of an 8-bit Number

AIM: Write 8085 assembly language program for ones complement of an 8-bit numbers
Instruments Required: 1. 8085
Microprocessor Kit 2.
+5V Power supply
Theory : The number is stored in memory location 8050H and ones complement of number will
be stored in
location 8051H. Assume the program memory starts from 8000H.
Algorithm
1. Load memory location of data 8050H in H-L
registers pair. 2. Move data into accumulator
3. Complement accumulator
4. Store the result in memory
location 8051H PROGRAM
Memor
y

Machine
Codes

Labels

Mnemonics Operands Comments

8000

21, 50, 80

LXI

H,8050H

8003

7E

MOV

A,M

8004
8005
8008

3F
32, 51, 80
76

CMA
STA
HLT

8051H

Load address of number

in H-L register pair
Move the number
into accumulator
Complement accumulator
Store the result in 8051H
Stop

In the above program, the first two instructions LXI H,8050H and MOV A,M can be
replaced by directly loading the content of location 8050H in accumulator. For this
LDA 8050H can be used.
Experimental Results
DATA
Memory
8050

Data
F0H

RESULT
Memory location
8051

Data
0FH

Conclusion:
The ones complement of an 8-bit numbers is performed using 8085 microprocessor.
Precautions:
1. Properly connect the 8085 microprocessor kit with power
supply terminals. 2.
checking connections

Switch on the power supply after

3. Handle the Trainer kit

carefully. Viva-Voice Questions:
2. Define ones complement of an 8-bit
numbers 3.
CMA instruction?

What is the function of

Experiment No. 6 Twos Complement of an 8-bit Number

AIM: Write 8085 assembly language program for twos complement of an 8-bit numbers
Instruments Required: 1. 8085
Microprocessor Kit 2.
+5V Power supply
Theory : The number is stored in memory location 8500H. The twos complement will be stored
in 8501H. The
program is written from memory location 8510H
Algorithm:
1. Transfer the content of memory location 8500H to
accumulator. 2. Complement the content of
accumulator
3. Add 01H with accumulator to get twos complement
of number 4.

Store the result in memory location

8501H
PROGRAM
Memor
y

Machin
e

Labels

Mnemonics Operands Comments

8510

3A, 00, 85

LDA

8500H

8513
8514

2F
C6, 01

CMA
ADI

01H

8516

32, 01, 85

STA

8501H

8519

76

HLT

Load the content of

memory location
8500H in accumulator
Complement
Add 01H with
accumulator to find
twos complement of
Store result in
8501H location
Stop

Experimental Results
DATA
Memory
8500

RESULT
Memory location
Data
8501
10H

Data
F0H

Conclusion:
The twos complement of an 8-bit numbers is performed using 8085
microprocessor. Precautions:
1. Properly connect the 8085 microprocessor kit with power
supply terminals. 2.

Switch on the power supply after

checking connections
3. Handle the Trainer kit

carefully. Viva-Voice Questions:

1. Define twos complement of an 8-bit
numbers 2.

What is the function of

CMA instruction?
3. Why ADI 01H is used in

twos complement of an 8-bit number.

Experiment No. 7 - Find out Square Root of 0, 1, 4, 9, 16,

25, 36, 49, 64 and 81 Using Look Up Table
AIM: Write 8085 assembly language program to find out square root of 0, 1, 4, 9, 16,
25, 36, 49 , 64 and 81 using look up table
Instruments Required: 1. 8085
Microprocessor Kit 2.
+5V Power supply
Theory : Load the number in memory location 9000H and the square root of number will be
stored in the
memory location 9001H. The square root of numbers 0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64
and 81 are stored in 8500H, 8501H, 8504H, 8509H, 8516H, 8525H, 8536H, 8549H,
8564H and 8581H locations respective1y as given in tabular form. Assume the
program is written from memory location 9100H.

Algorithm
1. Store the number in accumulator from memory location 9000H
2. Move the content of Accumulator in L register and store 85H in H register
3.

When the number is 16, the content of H and L register are 85 and 16H
respectively. Then the H-L register pair represents 8516H memory location.

4. Copy square root of number in accumulator from memory location which is

represented by H-L register pair
5. Store the result in
9001H PROGRAM

Memor
y
9100

Machin
e
3A, 00, 90

9103

Labels

Mnemonics Operands Comments

LDA

9000H

6F

MOV

L, A

9104
9106

26, 85
7E

MVI
MOV

H, 85
A, M

9107

32, 01, 90

STA

9001H

910A

76

HLT

Load the number in

accumulator from
memory location
Copy the content of
Accumulator in L
Load 85H in H register
Move square root of
decimal
number
in
accumulator
from
Store square root
value in 9001H

Look up Table
ADDRESS
8500
8501
8504
8509
8516
8525
8536
8549
8564
8581

SUUARE ROOT
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09

Experimental Results
ADDRESS
9000 H

SQUARE
16

ADDRESS
9001 H

Result
04

Conclusion:
The square root of 0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49 , 64 and 81 are determined
using look up table in 8085 microprocessor.
Precautions:
1. Properly connect the 8085 microprocessor kit with power
supply terminals. 2.

Switch on the power supply after

checking connections
3. Handle the Trainer kit
carefully. Viva-Voice Questions:
1. How look up table is used to determine the square
of a number? 2. Write some applications of look up
table.

Experiment No. 8 - Display Digits 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D

E F on the data field of screen
AIM: Write 8085 assembly language program to display 0 1 2 3 4 5 B C D E F on the data filed.
Instruments Required: 1. 8085
Microprocessor Kit 2.
+5V Power supply
Theory : This program will display a 6 7 8 9 A flashing 0 1 2 3 4 5 B C D E F on the data
filed. The
fashing rate is 500ms. Consider program is written from memory location 8000H and
data is stored from 8C50H.
Algorithm
1. Initialize the stack
pointer 2. Clear the
display
3. Point to the data which will be displayed in the
data field 4.
Wait for 500mili second
5. Cear the display and wait for
500 ms 6.
Jump to step-3
PROGRAM
Memor
y
8000
8003

Machin
Labels
e
31, FF, 8C
0E, 0F

Mnemonic Operands
s
LXI
SP,8CFF
MVI
C,0F

8005

21, 50, 8C

LXI

H,8C50

8008
800A
800C
800D
800E
800F

3E, 01
06, 00
E5
LOOP_I
C5
F5
CD, 47, 03

MVI
MVI
PUSH
PUSH
PUSH
CALL

A,01
B,00
H
B
PSW
CLEAR

8012
8015
8018
801B
801E
8021
8022
8023
8024

11, 00, 00
CD, BC, 03
CD, D0, 05
CD, 47, 03
11, 00, 00
F1
C1
E1
23

LXI
CALL
CALL
LXI
CALL
POP
POP
POP
INX

D,0000H
DELAY
OUTPUT
D,0000H
DELAY
PSW
B
H
H

8025

0D

DCR

Comments
Initialize the stack pointer
Load the counter, C
register with 0FH
Starting address where the
display data is stored
A is 01 and B is 00 to
display character in the
Move the content of HL, BC,
PSW and A registers into
stack
Clear the display by using a
subroutine whose address is
Generate 500 ms delay
Display character in data field
To display the number for 500
ms
POP the content of PSW, A,
BC and HL from stack
Increment HL register
pair to display next
Decrement C register

8026

C2, 0C, 80

JNZ

LOOP_I

Jump to LOOP_I if the content

is not equal to zero

Input
ADDRESS
8C50
8C51
8C52
8C53
8C54
8C55
8C56
8C57

DATA
00 H
01 H
02 H
03 H
04 H
05 H
06 H
07 H

ADDRESS
8C58
8C59
8C5A
8C5B
8C5C
8C5D
8C5E
8C5F

DATA
08 H
09H
0AH
0B H
0C H
0D H
0E H
0F H

Conclusion:
Display 0 1 2 3 4 5 B C D E F on the data filed of 8085 microprocessor.
Precautions:
1. Properly connect the 8085 microprocessor kit with power
supply terminals. 2.

Switch on the power supply after

checking connections
3. Handle the Trainer kit
carefully. Viva-Voice Questions:
1. How we can display any number on the data field of 8085
microprocessor. 3.

Write some applications of fashing

display.

Experiment No. 9 - Rolling Display HELP 85 up on the

address and data field of screen
AIM: Write 8085 assembly language program for rolling display HELP 85 up in the
address and data filed.
Instruments Required: 1. 8085
Microprocessor Kit 2.
+5V Power supply
Theory : This program will display a flashing HELP 85 up in the address and data
filed. The flashing rate is 500ms. Assume program is written from memory location
9000H and data is stored from 9C50H.
Algorithm
1. Initialize the stack
pointer 2. Clear the
display
Point to the data of HELP 85 and display HELP 85 in the address

and data field Wait for 500 ms

Clear the display and wait for
500 ms Jump to start

PROGRAM
Memor
y
9000
9003

Machin
Labels
e
31, FF, 9C
CD, 47, 03

Mnemonic Operands
s
LXI
SP,9CFF
CALL
CLEAR

9006
9008
9009
900A

0E, 0A
START
AF
47
21, 50, 9C

MVI
XRA
MOV
LXI

C, 06
A
B, A
H, 9C50

900D
900E
900F
9010

E5
LOOP_ I
C5
F5
CD, D0, 05

PUSH
PUSH
PUSH
CALL

H
B
PSW
OUTPUT

9013
9015
9017

3E, 01
06, 00
CD, D0, 05

MVI
MVI
CALL

A, 01
B, 00
OUTPUT

901A
901D
9020
9021
9022
9023

21, 00, 00
CD, BC, 03
F1
C1
E1
23

LXI
CALL
POP
POP
POP
INX

D,0000H
DELAY
PSW
B
H
H

9024
9025

0D
C2, 0D, 90

DCR
JNZ

C
LOOP_ I

C3, 06, 90

JMP

START

Input
ADDRESS
9C50
9C51
9C52
9C53
9C54

DATA
16 H
16 H
16 H
16 H
16 H

ADDRESS
9C55
9C56
9C57
9C58
9C59
9C5A

DATA
10H
0E H
11H
12H
08 H
05 H

Comments
Initialize the stack pointer
Clear the display by using a
subroutine whose address is
Load the counter, C register
A is 00 to display character
in the address field
Starting address where the
display is to be started
Move the content of HL, BC,
PSW and A registers into
stack
Call OUTPUT subroutine to
display characters in address
Initialize A, B for data
to be displayed in data
Call OUTPUT subroutine to
display characters in data
Generate 500 ms delay
POP the content of PSW, A,
BC and HL from stack
Increment HL register
pair to display next
Decrement C register
Jump to LOOP_I if the content
of C is not equal to zero.
Jump to START

(H)
(E)
(L)
(P)
(8)
(5)

Conclusion:
Rolling Display HELP 85 up in the address and data filed of 8085 microprocessor is
performed.
Precautions:
1. Properly connect the 8085 microprocessor kit with power
supply terminals. 2.

Switch on the power supply after

checking connections

3. Handle the Trainer kit carefully.

Viva-Voice Questions:
1. How we can display any number and characters on the data field of
8085 microprocessor. 4. Write some applications of rolling display.

Laboratory Experiments Manual for 8086 Microprocessor

Experiment No. 10 - Program for Addition of Two 8 Bit Numbers and
Sum is 16 Bit
AIM: Write 8086 assembly language program for Addition of Two 8 Bit Numbers and Sum is 16
Bit.
Instruments Required: 1. 8086
Microprocessor Kit 2.
+5V Power supply
3. Personal
Computer 4. UPS
Theory : The first number FFH is stored in AL register and the second number 22H
is stored in BL register. The result after addition will be stored in AX.
Algorithm
1. Store first data in AL register
2. Store second data in BL
register 3.

Add the

content of AL and BL.

4. CY fag will be set, if result is more than 8 bit
PROGRAM
C:\>DEBU
G -A 1000
17DA:1000 MOV AL,
FF 17DA:1002 MOV
BL, 22 17DA:1004
ADD AL, BL
17DA:1006 HLT
17DA:1007
-U 1000 1006
17DA:1000 B0
FF 17DA:1002
B3 22

;Load FFH in AL
register ;Load 22H in
AL register ;Add
content of BL to AL

17DA:1004 00 D8 17DA:1006 F4
-G 1006

M
O
V

AL,FF MOV
BL,22 ADD
AL,BL HLT

AX=0021 BX=0022 CX=0000 DX=0000 SP=0004 BP=20CD

SI=0000 DI=0000 DS=17DA ES=17DA SS=9FFF CS=17DA IP=1006
NV UP EI PL NZ AC PE CY 17DA:1006 F4
HLT

Conclusion:
Initially the program is loaded in the memory location 17DA:1000 to 17DA:1006.
Then the object codes of program the program will be visualized after execution of U
1000 1006 command. If the above program is executed by G1006 command, result
will be displayed on the screen. As result is more that 8 bit, the content of AL is 21
which is LSB and the CY fag is set to detect the MSB.
Precautions:
Properly connect the 8086 microprocessor kit with power supply terminals and
Personal computer. Switch on the power supply after checking connections
Handle the Trainer kit
carefully. Viva-Voice
Questions:
What are the registers are used to
store data? At what condition the
carry fag is set?.
What are the different fags available in 8086?

Experiment No. 11-Program for Addition of Two 16 Bit Numbers and

Sum is 16 Bit
AIM: Write 8086 assembly language program for Addition of Two 16 Bit Numbers and Sum is
16 Bit.
Instruments Required: 1. 8086
Microprocessor Kit 2.
+5V Power supply
3. Personal
Computer 4. UPS
Theory : The first 16-bit number is stored in AX register. The second 16-bit number is
stored in BX
register. After addition result will be stored in AX.
Algorithm
Store first 16-bit number in
AX. Store second 16-bit
st

number in BX. Addition of 1

and 2

nd

number.

PROGRAM
C:\>DEBU
G -A 1000
17DA:1000 MOV AX, 4622 ; 16 bit data
in AX. 17DA:1003 MOV BX, 3244 ; 16
bit data in BX.

17DA:1006 ADD AX, BX ; Contents of BX is added

to AX. 17DA:1008 HLT
17DA:1009
-U 1000 1008
17DA:1000 B8 22 46 MOV
AX,4622
17DA:1003 BB 44 32
MOV
BX,3244 17DA:1006 01 D8
ADD
AX,BX 17DA:1008 F4
HLT
-G 1008
AX=7866 BX=3244 CX=0000 DX=0000 SP=0004 BP=20CD SI=0000 DI=0000

DS=17DA ES=17DA SS=9FFF CS=17DA IP=1008 NV UP EI PL NZ

NA PE NC 17DA:1008 F4
HLT
Conclusion:
The program for addition of two 16 bit numbers is loaded in the memory
location

17DA:1000

to 17DA:1008. After editing the program, U 1000 1008

command is used to display the object codes of program. When the above program
is executed by G1008 command, result will be displayed on the screen. The content of
AX is 7866H which is the addition of 4622H and 3244H. As sum is 16 bit, no carry
is generated.
Precautions:
1. Properly connect the 8086 microprocessor kit with power supply terminals and
Personal computer. 2.

Switch on the power supply after checking connections

3. Handle the Trainer kit

carefully. Viva-Voice Questions:
1. What are the registers are used to
store word? 2.

At what condition the

carry fag is set?.

3. What are the different fags available in 8086?
4. What is the command to execute the above program?

Experiment No. 12 - Program for Addition of a String of Words and Sum

is 16 Bit
AIM: Write 8086 assembly language program for Addition of a string of words and sum is 16
Bit.
Instruments Required: 1. 8086
Microprocessor Kit 2.
+5V Power supply
3. Personal
Computer 4. UPS
Theory : Assume the number of 16-bit data is stored in CX register and a string of words are
stored in
17DA:0300 to 17DA:0305. After addition the result is stored in BX. Initially content of BX is
0000H
Algorithm
1. Initialize SI register with 0300H as source
address of data. 2.
be added in CX register.

Load number of bytes to

3. Load a word in AX from the source specified by SI and SI is

incremented by 2. 4.

Addition of AX content and BX content.

5. Move content of AX to BX.

6. Continue step-3 to step-5 until CX=0.

PROGRAM
C:\>DEBU
G -A 0100
17DA:0100 MOV SI,0300 ; Source address in SI.
17DA:0103 MOV CX,0005 ; Count value is
loaded in CX.
17DA:0106 MOV AX,[SI] ; Load AX with data which is
located by SI 17DA:0108 ADD AX,BX
; Contents of BX
in AX.
17DA:010A INC SI
; Increment SI
17DA:010B INC SI
; Increment SI
17DA:010C MOV BX,AX ; Contents of BX in
AX. 17DA:010E DEC CX
; Decrement
CX 17DA:010F JNZ 0106
; Jump to
0106 if CX0 17DA:0111 HLT
17DA:0112
-U 0100 0111
17DA:0100 BE 00 03 MOV SI,0300
17DA:0103 B9 05 00
MOV
CX,0005 17DA:0106 8B 04
MOV
AX,[SI] 17DA:0108 01 D8
ADD
AX,BX 17DA:010A 46
INC
SI 17DA:010B 46
INC
SI 17DA:010C 89 C3
MOV
BX,AX 17DA:010E 49
DEC
CX 17DA:010F 75 F5
JNZ
0106 17DA:0111 F4
HLT
-ECS:0300
17DA:0300 00.01 00.01 00.02 00.02 00.03 00.03
00.04 00.04 17DA:0308 00.05 00.05
-G 0111
AX=0F0F
BX=0F0F
CX=0000
DX=0000 SP=FFEE
SI=030A
DI=0000 DS=17DA
ES=17DA
SS=17DA
IP=0111 NV UP EI PL ZR NA PE NC 17DA:0111 F4HLT
-

BP=0000
CS=17DA

Conclusion:
The above program is entered in the memory location 17DA:0100 to 17DA:0111.
The U 0100 0111 command is used to display the object codes of program. Five 16-bit
data 0101, 0202, 0303, 0404 and 0505 are entered by the command -ECS:0300
17DA:0300 00.01 00.01 00.02 00.02 00.03 00.03 00.04 00.04 17DA:0308
00.05 00.05.

After addition 0101, 0202, 0303, 0404, and 0505 we get 0F0F.

Therefore, when the program is executed by G0111 command and result will be
displayed on the screen as the content of BX and AX registers, 0F0F.
Precautions:
1. Properly connect the 8086 microprocessor kit with power supply terminals and

Personal computer. 2.

Switch on the power supply after checking connections

3. Handle the Trainer kit carefully.

Viva-Voice Questions:
1. What is a string of words?
2. What are the registers are used to
store words? 3.

At what condition the

carry fag is set?.

4. What is the difference between conditional and unconditional
jump instructions? 5.

What are the different fags available in

8086?
6. Which register is used as pointer?
7. What is the command to execute the above program?

Experiment No. 13 - Program for 2s Complement of a 16 Bit Number

AIM: Write 8086 assembly language program for 2s complement of a 16 bit number.
Instruments Required: 1. 8086
Microprocessor Kit 2.
+5V Power supply
3. Personal
Computer 4. UPS
Theory : Assume that the 16-bit number is stored in AX register. Find the twos complement
of number
and stored it in BX register.
Algorithm
1.

Store the 16-bit number in AX

register. 2.

Determine 2s

complement of AX .
3.

Store twos complement of AX in BX

PROGRAM
C:\>DEBU
G -A 1000
17DA:1000 MOV AX, 2244 ; 16 bit data in AX
17DA:1003 NEG AX
; 2s complement of 16
bit data 17DA:1005 MOV BX, AX ; Result is
stored in BX 17DA:1007 HLT
17DA:1008
-U 1000 1007
17DA:1000 B8 44 22 MOV
AX,2244
17DA:1003 F7 D8
NEG
AX
17DA:1005 89 C3
MOV BX,AX
17DA:1007 F4
HLT

-G 1007
AX=DDBC BX=DDBC CX=0000 DX=0000 SP=0004 BP=20CD
SI=0000 DI=0000 DS=17DA ES=17DA SS=9FFF CS=17DA IP=1007
NV UP EI NG NZ AC PO CY 17DA:1007 F4 HLT
-

Conclusion:
The program for 2s complement of a 16-bit number is stored in the memory location
17DA:1000 to
17DA:1007. The U 1000 1006 command is used to display the object codes of
program. When this program is executed by G1007 command and result will be
available in AX. Therefore the content of AX is copied into BX.
Precautions:
1. Properly connect the 8086 microprocessor kit with power supply terminals and
Personal computer. 2.

Switch on the power supply after checking connections

3. Handle the Trainer kit

carefully. Viva-Voice Questions:
1.

What is 1s

complement? 2.

What

is 2s complement?
3. What is the difference between 1s complement and 2s
complement? 4. What is the application of 2s complement
of a number?

Experiment No. 14 - Program to Multiply Two 8 Bit Numbers

AIM: Write 8086 assembly language program for multiplication of two 8 bit number.
Instruments Required: 1. 8086
Microprocessor Kit 2.
+5V Power supply
3. Personal
Computer 4. UPS
Theory : Assume the first number 11H is stored in AL register and the second number
22H is stored in BL register. Multiply contents of AL by BL and the result is to be stored
in AX register.
Algorithm:
1. Load first number in AL register.
2. Store the second data in BL
register 3.

Multiply

contents of AL by BL

PROGRAM
C:\>DEBU
;8 bit multiplicand in
G -A 1000
17DA:1000 MOV AL ;8 bit multiplier in
AL,11 17DA:1002 BL
MOV BL,22

17DA:1004 MUL
BL 17DA:1006
HLT 17DA:1007
-U 1000 1006
17DA:1000
B011
17DA:1002
B322
17DA:1004
F6E3
17DA:1006 F4

;Multiply contents of AL by BL

MOV
MOV
MUL
HLT

AL,11
BL,22
BL

-G 1006
AX=0242 BX=0022 CX=0000 DX=0000 SP=0004 BP=20CD
SI=0000 DI=0000 DS=17DA ES=17DA SS=9FFF CS=17DA IP=1006
OV UP EI NG NZ NA PO CY 17DA:1006 F4 HLT
Conclusion:
The program for multiplication of two 8 bit numbers is edited in the memory
location 17DA:1000 to 17DA:1006. The U 1000 1006command is used to display the
object codes of program. This program is executed by G1006 command and result
will be stored in AX register. Hence the result is content of AX=0242H.
Precautions:
1. Properly connect the 8086 microprocessor kit with power supply terminals and
Personal computer. 2.

Switch on the power supply after checking connections

3. Handle the Trainer kit

carefully. Viva-Voice Questions:
1. Which command is used to multiply two
numbers? 2.

What are the registers are

used for multiplication?

3. Which registers are used to store the result after multiplication?

Experiment No. 15 - Program to Divide Two 8 Bit Numbers.

AIM: Write 8086 assembly language program to divide two 8 bit numbers.
Instruments Required: 1. 8086
Microprocessor Kit 2.
+5V Power supply
3. Personal
Computer 4. UPS
Theory : Assume the first number 56H is stored in AL register and the second number
02H is stored in CL register. Divide contents of AL by BL and the result is to be stored

in AX register.
Algorithm
1. Load first number in AL register.

Store the second data in CL register

Divide contents of AL by CL and result is AX
PROGRAM
C:\>DEBU
G -A 1000
17DA:1000 MOV AL, 56 ; 8 bit dividend in AL
17DA:1002 MOV CL, 02 ; 8 bit divisor in CL
17DA:1004 DIV CL
; Divide contents of AL
by CL 17DA:1006 HLT
17DA:1007
-U 1000 1006
17DA:1000 B0 56 MOV AL,56
17DA:1002 B1 02 MOV CL,02
17DA:1004 F6 F1
DIV
CL 17DA:1006 F4
HLT
-G 1006
AX=002B BX=0000 CX=0002 DX=0000 SP=0004 BP=20CD
SI=0000 DI=0000 DS=17DA ES=17DA SS=9FFF CS=17DA IP=1006
NV UP EI NG NZ NA PO NC 17DA:1006 F4
HLT
Conclusion:
The program for division of two 8 bit numbers is stored in the memory location
17DA:1000 to 17DA:1006. The U 1000 1006command is used to display the object
codes of program. When this program is executed by G1006 command and result will
be stored in AX register. Quotient is stored in AL and remainder is stored in AH.
Hence the result is quotient=content of AL= 2B and remainder =content of AH= 00H.
Precautions:
1. Properly connect the 8086 microprocessor kit with power supply terminals and
Personal computer. 2.

Switch on the power supply after checking connections

3. Handle the Trainer kit

carefully. Viva-Voice Questions:
1. Which command is used to divide two
numbers? 2.

What are the registers are

used for division?

3. Which registers are used to store the result after division?

Experiment No. 16 - Program for addition of two string decimal numbers

AIM:

Write 8086 assembly language program for addition of two string decimal numbers.

Instruments Required: 1. 8086

Microprocessor Kit 2.
+5V Power supply
3. Personal Computer

4. UPS
Theory : The first string decimal numbers 11 22 33 44 55 are stored in memory locations
17B3:0100 to
17B3:0104. The second string decimal numbers 22 33 55 66 77 are stored in memory
locations 17B3:0400 to 17B3:0404. After addition of two string decimal numbers, the
result will be stored in memory locations 17B3:0500 to 17B3:0504.
Algorithm
1.
2.

Initialize SI and BX as offset address of first and second string decimal numbers.
Initialize DI as offset address of result and number of decimal numbers in a
string is loaded in CX

3.

Move first decimal number from first string to AL

4.

Add first decimal number from second string decimal numbers with AL

5.

Decimal adjustment of AL after addition and store AL content in destination

address represented by DI Decrement CX

6.

Increment SI, BX and DI

7.

Move next decimal number from first string to AL

8.

Next decimal number from second string decimal numbers is added with AL and carry

9.

Decimal adjustment of AL after addition and store AL content in destination

address represented by DI

10.

Decrement CX. If CX0, jump to step 6

PROGRAM
C:\>DEBU
G -A0100
17B3:0100 MOV
SI,0300 17B3:0103
MOV BX,0400
17B3:0106 MOV
DI,0500 17B3:0109
MOV CX,0005
17B3:010C MOV AL,
[SI] 17B3:010E ADD
AL,[BX] 17B3:0110
DAA 17B3:0111 MOV
[DI],AL 17B3:0113
DEC CX 17B3:0114
INC SI 17B3:0115 INC
BX 17B3:0116 INC DI
17B3:0117 MOV AL,
[SI] 17B3:0119 ADC
AL,[BX] 17B3:011B
DAA 17B3:011C MOV
[DI],AL 17B3:011E
DEC CX 17B3:011F
JNZ 0114 17B3:0121

HLT 17B3:0122

;
L
o
a
d
0
3
0
0
H
i
n
S
I
a
s

offset address of first string ;Load 0400H in

BX as offset address of second string
;Load 0500H in DI as offset address of destination to
store result ;Number of decimal numbers in a string
is loaded in CX
; Load decimal number from first string
; Add decimal number of second
string to AL ;Decimal adjustment
after addition
; Store the content of AL into destination
memory location ; decrement CX by1
; increment SI by
1 ; increment
BX by 1 ;
increment DI by
1
; Load next decimal number from first string
; Add next decimal number of second string to AL
with carry ;Decimal adjustment after addition
; Store the content of AL into destination
memory location ; decrement CX by1
; if CX0, jump to offset address 0114

-U 0100 0121
17B3:0100 BE 00 03 MOV SI,0300
17B3:0103 BB 00 04
MOV
BX,0400 17B3:0106 BF 00 05
MOV
DI,0500 17B3:0109 B9 05 00
MOV
CX,0005 17B3:010C 8A 04
MOV
AL,[SI] 17B3:010E 02 07
ADD
AL,[BX] 17B3:0110 27
DAA
17B3:0111 88 05
MOV [DI],AL
17B3:0113 49
DEC
CX 17B3:0114 46
INC
SI 17B3:0115 43
INC
BX 17B3:0116 47
INC
DI 17B3:0117 8A 04
MOV
AL,[SI] 17B3:0119 12 07
ADC
AL,[BX] 17B3:011B 27
DAA 17B3:011C 88 05
MOV
[DI],AL 17B3:011E 49
DEC
CX 17B3:011F 75 F3
JNZ
0114 17B3:0121 F4
HLT
-ECS:0300
17B3:0300 00.11 00.22 00.33
00.44 00.55 -ECS:0400
17B3:0400 00.22 00.33 00.55
00.66 00.77 -G0121
AX=0033 BX=0404 CX=0000 DX=0000 SP=FFEE BP=0000
SI=0304 DI=0504 DS=17B3 ES=17B3 SS=17B3 CS=17B3
IP=0121 NV UP EI PL ZR NA PE CY 17B3:0121 F4 HLT
-ECS:0500
17B3:0500 33.
55. 88. 10. 33.
Conclusion:
The above program can be used for addition of two string decimal numbers. The U
0100 0121 command is used to display the object codes of program. The ECS:0300
and ECS:0400 command are used to enter first string 11 22 33 44 55 and second
string 22 33 55 66 77 respectively. The program is executed by G0121 command and
after addition result 33 55 88 10 33 will be stored in memory location 17B3:0500
to 17B3:0404.
Precautions:
1. Properly connect the 8086 microprocessor kit with power supply terminals and
Personal computer. 2.

Switch on the power supply after checking connections

3. Handle the Trainer kit

carefully. Viva-Voice Questions:
1. How a string of decimal numbers is called
in 8086? 2. Why DAA instruction is used
after addition?
3. Which register is used to store the address of the source?

4. Which register is used to store the address of the destination?

Experiment No. 17 - Program to Find out the Largest Number

from a String of Words
AIM: Write 8086 assembly language program to find out the largest number from a string of
words.
Instruments Required: 1. 8086
Microprocessor Kit 2.
+5V Power supply
3. Personal
Computer 4. UPS
Theory : The count value of number of words 05H is stored in CX register. A string of words is
stored in
the memory locations starting from17B3:0300 to 17B3:0309. The largest word will be
stored in memory location 17B3:0400.
Algorithm
1

Initialize SI as source offset address of word and load numbers of words

in CX register. 2.

Initialize AX register with 0000H

3. Compare the word from memory with content of accumulator AX. If the word is
above and equal to AX, jump to step-5
4. Move word from memory
to AL 5. Increment SI by 2
6. Decrement CX. If CX0, jump to step- 3
7. Store result in memory location 17B3:0400.
PROGRAM
C:\>DEBU
G -A0100
17B3:0100 MOV SI,0300 ; Initialize SI with 0300H as source offset
address of word 17B3:0103 MOV CX,0005 ; Count value of words in
CX
17B3:0106 MOV AX,0000 ; Initialize AX with 0000H
17B3:0109 CMP AX,[SI] ; compare word from memory
with AX 17B3:010B JAE 010F
; Jump to 010F if
above and equal 17B3:010D MOV AX,[SI] ; Load word
from memory
17B3:010F INC SI
;
Increment
SI
17B3:0110 INC SI
; Increment SI
17B3:0111 LOOPNZ 0109
; If CX0,
jump to0109
17B3:0113 MOV [0400],AX ; Store the content of AX at
destination address 17B3:0116 HLT
-U 0100 0116
17B3:0100 BE 00 03 MOV SI,0300
17B3:0103 B9 05 00
MOV
CX,0005 17B3:0106 B8 00 00
MOV
AX,0000 17B3:0109 3B 04

CMP
AX,[SI] 17B3:010B 73 02
JNB
010F 17B3:010D 8B 04
MOV
AX,[SI] 17B3:010F 46
INC
SI 17B3:0110 46
INC
SI 17B3:0111 E0 F6
LOOPNZ 0109

17B3:0113 A3 00 04 MOV
[0400],AX
17B3:0116 F4
HLT
-ECS:0300
17B3:0300 00.11 00.11 00.22 00.22 00.33 00.33
00.FF 00.FF 17B3:0308 00.99 00.99
-G0116
AX=FFFF BX=0000 CX=0000 DX=0000 SP=FFEE BP=0000
SI=030A DI=0000 DS=17B3 ES=17B3 SS=17B3 CS=17B3 IP=0116
NV UP EI PL NZ NA PE NC 17B3:0116 F4 HLT
-ECS:0400
17B3:0400 FF. FF.
Conclusion:
The five 16-bit data or word 1111, 2222, 3333, FFFF, and 9999 are stored in the
memory location starting from 17B3:0300 to 17B3:0309.

Therefore the largest

number is FFFFH. After execution of above program, the largest number is stored in
memory location 17B3:0400 and it can be displayed by ECS:0400 command as given
above.
Precautions:
1. Properly connect the 8086 microprocessor kit with power supply terminals and
Personal computer. 2.

Switch on the power supply after checking connections

3. Handle the Trainer kit

carefully. Viva-Voice Questions:
1. What is the use of CMP AX, [SI] instruction?
2. What is the function LOOPNZ 0109H
instruction? 3. How you can store the
largest number in memory?

Experiment No. 18 - Program to Arrange a String of Word in Descending

Order
AIM:

Write 8086 assembly language program to arrange a string of words in descending order.

Instruments Required: 1. 8086

Microprocessor Kit 2.
+5V Power supply
3. Personal
Computer 4. UPS
Theory : A series of five words 1111H, 5555H, 3333H, 2222H, and 4444H are stored
in memory locations from 17B3:0302 to 17B3:030B and number of words is stored in
memory location 17B3:0300. Arrange the above words in Descending Order.

Algorithm
1. Store 0005H, number of words to be arranged in DX register from memory
and store number of comparisons in CX register
st

2. Load the 1 word in accumulator from memory

3. Increment SI register by 2 for addressing next word

4. Compare next word from memory with accumulator. Store the smallest word in
accumulator and largest word in memory
5. Then next number (word) is compared with accumulator and Store the largest
number in memory and smallest number in accumulator.
6. This process will continue, till comparisons of all numbers have been
completed. After completion of comparison of all numbers, the smallest
number in accumulator and store it in memory. In this way first process will be
completed.
7. At the starting of second process, DX register is decremented by one and
store number of comparisons in CX register. Then repeat step-2 to step-6.
After completion of this process, smallest number in 17B3:030A and second
smallest number in 17B3:0308.
8. DX register is decremented by one and the next process starts, if the content
of DX register is not zero. Then repeat step-2 to step-6.
PROGRAM
C:\>DEBU
G -A0100
17B3:0100 MOV SI,0300 ; SI loaded with 0300 as source
address 17B3:0103 MOV DX,[SI]
; DX loaded with the
content of SI 17B3:0105 MOV CX,[SI]
; CX loaded
with the content of SI 17B3:0107 DEC CX
;
Decrement CX
17B3:0108
INC SI
;
Increment SI 17B3:0109 INC SI
; Increment SI
17B3:010A MOV AX,[SI] ;AX is loaded with word from memory
represented by SI 17B3:010C INC SI
; Increment SI
17B3:010D INC SI
; Increment SI
17B3:010E CMP AX,[SI] ; Compare AX with the content of memory
represented by SI 17B3:0110 JNB 0118
; Jump to 0118
17B3:0112 XCHG AX,[SI] ; Exchange AX and word stored at memory
represented by SI 17B3:0114 DEC SI
; Decrement SI
17B3:0115 DEC SI
; Decrement SI
17B3:0116 MOV [SI],AX ;Move AX to memory represented by
SI 17B3:0118 LOOP 010A ; CX decrement by 1. If CX0,
jump to 010A 17B3:011A DEC DX
; Decrement DX
17B3:011B MOV SI,0300 ; SI loaded with 0300 as
source address 17B3:011E JNZ 0105
; Jump not
zero to 0105
17B3:0120
HLT -U 0100
0120
17B3:0100BE 00 03 MOV
SI,0300 17B3:0103 8B 14
MOV
DX,[SI] 17B3:0105 8B 0C
MOV
CX,[SI] 17B3:0107 49

DEC
INC
INC
MOV
INC
INC
CMP

CX 17B3:0108 46
SI 17B3:0109 46
SI 17B3:010A 8B 04
AX,[SI] 17B3:010C 46
SI 17B3:010D 46
SI 17B3:010E 3B 04
AX,[SI]

17B3:0110 73 06
JNB 0118
17B3:0112 87 04
XCHG AX,[SI]
17B3:0114 4E
DEC
SI
17B3:0115 4E
DEC
SI 17B3:0116 89 04 MOV
[SI],AX
17B3:0118 E2 F0
LOOP
010A 17B3:011A 4A
DEC
DX 17B3:011B BE 00 03
MOV
SI,0300 17B3:011E 75 E5 JNZ
0105 17B3:0120 F4
HLT
-ECS:0300
17B3:0300 00.05 00.00 00.11 00.11 00.55 00.55
00.33 00.33 17B3:0308 00.22 00.22 00.44 00.44
-G0120
AX=3333 BX=0000 CX=0000 DX=0000 SP=FFEE BP=0000
SI=0300 DI=0000 DS=17B3 ES=17B3 SS=17B3 CS=17B3
IP=0120 NV UP EI PL ZR NA PE NC 17B3:0120 F4 HLT
-ECS:0300
17B3:0300 05.
00. 55. 55. 44. 44.
33. 33. 17B3:0308 22. 22.
11. 11.
Conclusion:
The above program is used to arrange a string of words in descending order and this
program is stored into memory 17B3:0100 to 17B3:0120. The U 0100 0120 command
is used to display the object codes of the above program. The 5 words (1111H,
5555H,

3333H, 2222H, and 4444H)

are entered by the command ECS:300.

Thereafter G0120 is used to execute the program and words will be stored in
descending order (5555H, 4444H 3333H, 2222H, and 1111H) as given above.
Precautions:
1. Properly connect the 8086 microprocessor kit with power supply terminals and
Personal computer. 2.

Switch on the power supply after checking connections

3. Handle the Trainer kit carefully.

Viva-Voice Questions:
1. What do you mean by descending order?
2. What is the function of LOOP and XCHG

AX,[SI]

instructions? 3. How you can store the smallest number

in memory?

Experiment No. 19 - Program to Find the Transpose of a 3x3 Matrix

AIM:

Write 8086 assembly language program to find the transpose of a 3 x 3 matrix.

Instruments Required: 1. 8086

Microprocessor Kit 2.
+5V Power supply
3. Personal Computer

4. UPS
Theory :

a11

a12
The transpose of a matrix A
=

a 21

a 22 a
31

a32

a13
a11 a 21 a31

a 23
a 22
is A = a12

T
a

a32
33
a13
a 23 a33

The matrix A is stored in the memory location 17B3:0200 to17B3:0209. After transpose, A
matrix will be
stored in the memory location 17B3:0300 to17B3:0309.
Algorithm
1. Store source address of matrix A in SI and store destination
T

address of A in DI 2.

Load number of rows of a matrix in CL

register
3. Load element of matrix A from
memory to AL 4. Store element into
destination address
5. Increment SI by three and DI by one
6. Load element of matrix A from memory to AL and store into
destination address 7.

Increment SI by three and DI by one

8. Load element of matrix A from memory to AL and store into

destination address 9.

Subtract 05 from SI

10. Decrement CL, If CL0, continue step-3-step-10

PROGRAM
C:\>DEBU
G -A0100
17B3:0100 MOV SI,0200 ; SI loaded with 0200 as source address of
matrix A 17B3:0103 MOV DI,0300
; DI loaded with 03200 as
destination address of matrix A 17B3:0106 MOV CL,03
; Number of
rows in CL
17B3:0108 MOV AL,[SI] ; Load element of matrix A
17B3:010A MOV [DI],AL ; Store element of A in destination
address 17B3:010C ADD SI,+03
; Add 03 with SI
17B3:010F INC DI
; Increment DI
17B3:0110 MOV AL,[SI] ; Load element of matrix A
17B3:0112 MOV [DI],AL ; Store element of A in destination
address 17B3:0114 ADD
SI,+03; Add 03 with SI
17B3:0117 INC DI
; Increment DI
17B3:0118 MOV AL,[SI] ; Load element of matrix A
17B3:011A MOV [DI],AL ; Store element of A in

destination address 17B3:011C SUB

SI,+05 ; Subtract
03 from SI
17B3:011F INC DI
; Increment DI
17B3:0120 DEC
CL
; Decrement
CL 17B3:0122 JNZ
0108
; If CL0,
jump to 0108C 17B3:0124 HLT
-U100 124
17B3:0100 BE 00 02 MOV SI,0200

17B3:0103 BF 00 03 MOV
DI,0300
17B3:0106 B1 03
MOV
CL,03 17B3:0108 8A 04
MOV
AL,[SI]
17B3:010A 88 05
MOV [DI],AL
17B3:010C 83 C6 03
ADD
SI,
+03 17B3:010F 47
INC
DI 17B3:0110 8A 04 MOV AL,[SI]
17B3:0112 88 05
MOV
[DI],AL 17B3:0114 83 C6 03
ADD
SI,+03 17B3:0117 47
INC
DI
17B3:0118 8A 04
MOV AL,[SI]
17B3:011A 88 05
MOV
[DI],AL 17B3:011C 83 EE 05
SUB
SI,+05 17B3:011F 47
INC
DI 17B3:0120 FE C9
DEC
CL 17B3:0122 75 E4
JNZ
0108 17B3:0124 F4
HLT
-ECS:200
17B3:0200 11.
22. 33. 44. 55. 66.
77. 88. 17B3:0208 99. 00.
-G124
AX=0099 BX=0000 CX=0000 DX=0000 SP=FFEE BP=0000
SI=0203 DI=0309 DS=17B3 ES=17B3 SS=17B3 CS=17B3
IP=0124 NV UP EI PL ZR NA PE NC 17B3:0124 F4 HLT
-ECS:0300
17B3:0300 11.
44. 77. 22. 55. 88.
33. 66. 17B3:0308 99.
Conclusion:
This program can be used to find transpose of a 3x3 matrix. The ECS : 200 command
is used to enter the matrix elements of A such as 11, 22, 33, 44, 55, 66, 77, 88 and
T
99. When we execute the program using G0124 command, A of matrix A will be
T
stored in the destination address. To display the result, ECS : 0300 will be used and A
will displayed on screen as 11, 44, 77, 22, 55, 88, 33, 66 and 99
Precautions:
1. Properly connect the 8086 microprocessor kit with power supply terminals and
Personal computer. 2.

Switch on the power supply after checking connections

3. Handle the Trainer kit carefully.

Viva-Voice Questions:
1. What is the use of transpose of a matrix ?
2. What is the function MOV AL,[SI]
instruction? 3. How you can determine the

transpose of a matrix?

Experiment No. 20 - Program to Find Factorial of BCD number

AIM:

Write 8086 assembly language program to find the factorial of BCD number.

Instruments Required: 1. 8086

Microprocessor Kit 2.
+5V Power supply
3. Personal
Computer 4. UPS
Theory : The program to determine the factorial of one digit BCD number is
developed based on the algorithm as given below:
Algorithm
1. If N=1, then factorial=1
2. If N>1, the factorial =N(factorial of N-1)
PROGRAM
C:\>DEBU
G -A0100
17DA:0100 MOV CX,0005 ; Store number in CX register
17DA:0103 MOV AX,CX ; Copy the content of CX in AX
register 17DA:0105 DEC CX
; Decrement CX
17DA:0106 MUL CX
; Multiply CX with
AX 17DA:0108 DEC CX
; Decrement
CX 17DA:0109 JNZ 0106
; Jump not
zero to 0106
17DA:010B MOV BX,AX ; Store factorial value in BX
register 17DA:010D HLT
-U100 10D
17DA:0100 B9 05 00 MOV
CX,0005
17DA:0103 89 C8
MOV AX,CX
17DA:0105 49
DEC CX
17DA:0106 F7 E1
MUL
CX 17DA:0108 49
DEC
CX 17DA:0109 75 FB
JNZ
0106 17DA:010B 89 C3
MOV
BX,AX 17DA:010D F4
HLT
-G010D
AX=0078 BX=0078 CX=0000 DX=0000 SP=FFEE BP=0000 SI=0000
DI=0000 DS=17DA ES=17DA SS=17DA CS=17DA IP=010D NV UP
EI PL ZR NA PE NC 17DA:010D F4
HLT
Conclusion:
The above program can be used to determine factorial 5 or 5!. After editing the
program, G010D is used to execute. Then factorial 5 will be stored in BX register i.e.
78H.

Precautions:
1. Properly connect the 8086 microprocessor kit with power supply terminals and
Personal computer. 2.
connections

Switch on the power supply after checking

3. Handle the Trainer kit carefully.

Viva-Voice Questions:
1. What is the use of MUL CX and DEC CX instructions?
2. What are the registers used to determine the factorial
of a number? 3. How you can determine the factorial of
a number?