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SIM Science 5

The document discusses different types of simple machines. It defines a simple machine as a mechanical device that makes work easier and faster. It then lists and describes six common types of simple machines: levers, pulleys, inclined planes, screws, wedges, and wheel and axle. Each type is defined and examples are provided.

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Phoemela Eunice Dizon Subia
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343 views

SIM Science 5

The document discusses different types of simple machines. It defines a simple machine as a mechanical device that makes work easier and faster. It then lists and describes six common types of simple machines: levers, pulleys, inclined planes, screws, wedges, and wheel and axle. Each type is defined and examples are provided.

Uploaded by

Phoemela Eunice Dizon Subia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Guide Card

Simple Machine is any mechanical device that


makes our work easier and faster.

TYPES OF SIMPLE MACHINE


1. Lever is a bar used for raising or moving a
weight. The weight is placed at one end and
a force pushes down the other end. All levers
have turning point called fulcrum, an area
where the force is applied. The effort is the
force that exerts or the work done on the
lever and the weight to be moved is called
resistance.
a. First class lever the fulcrum is between
the force and the weight to be moved.
b. Second class lever the weight or
resistance is always between the
fulcrum and the force.
c. Third class lever the effort is
located between the resistance and
the fulcrum.
2. Pulley is a single machine with one or
more grooved wheels connected by a
rope. A pulley makes it easier to move
objects up, down, and across along
distance.

a. Fixed pulley is used in raising a


flagpole. The force and the
resistance are equal. This helps us
by changing the direction of the
force.
b. Movable pulley enables us to
multiply force. This moves along
with its load. The load is attached to
the pulley. The force exerted is only
one half the opposite end of the
ruler.
c. Block and tackle this is a
combination of a fixed and movable
pulley.
3. Inclined Plane is a flat surface with
one end raised higher than the other. It
makes the work of moving things up
and down easier. Hills , stairways,
gangplanks, chutes, and ramps are
examples of this kind machine.
4. Screw is a specialized inclined plane
that is used to raise and lower things,
as well as hold things together. It is an
inclined plane wrapped around a central
pole. We have screw on bottles, screw
in bulbs, faucets, and many others.

5. Wedge is a type of inclined plane. It is


wide at one end and taers to a point at
the other end . Wedges separate things
by cutting, piercing, or splitting. Axes,
chisels, knives, nails, and pins are
common examples.
6. Wheel and axle when a wheel is
turned, the axle ( a bar attached to the
center of the wheel) turns too.
e.g. doorknob, pencil sharpener,
steering wheel of an automobile.

Activity 1: Finish the Facts About


Simple Machines

Choose the correct word to finish each sentence about


simple machines.
Fulcrum

resistance

Screw

fixed

inclined plane

1. All levers have turning point called _______.

2. A ________ pulley is used in raising a flag to the


top of the flagpole.
3. A flat surface with one end raised higher than the
other is a/an __________.
4. A ________ is an inclined plane wrap around a
central pole.
5. An area in a machine where the force is applied is
called _________.

Activity 2: Odd Word Out

Encircle the word that does not belong in each group.


1. Stair
2. Hammer
3. Pencil
4. Plank
5. Fulcrum

baseball bat
food grinder
table knife
scissors
power

ladder
winding road
pliers
tongs
egg beater door knob
stair
ladder
resistance
effort

Activity 3: Identify

Identify what kind of simple machine is each of the following.

_______1. Metal screws

_______ 6. Ladder

_______2. Teeth

_______ 7. Needle

_______3. Table knife

_______ 8. Shovel

_______4. Floor mop

_______ 9. Bottle opener

_______5. Meter stick

_______ 10. Flagpole

Activity 4: Is it right or wrong?


Read the following statements carefully. Write T for a true
statement and F for a false statement in the lines provided
before each number.
___ 1. A bicycle is a simple machine.
___ 2. An iron bar is really a lever.
___ 3. A wheel barrow is a first-class lever.
___ 4. In a third class lever, the effort is between the
resistance and the fulcrum.
___ 5. When the wheel is turned, the axle stops.
___ 6. Pulley is used for cutting, piercing, and plowing.
___ 7. Screws are spiral inclined planes.

___ 8. The resistance is always between the fulcrum and the


force in the second-class lever.
___ 9. The more pulleys you combine, the less force you need
to move an object.
___ 10. Shovel is a third-class lever.

Activity 5: Machine Bits


Look at the bits of words below. Add letters to each group of
bits to follow the machine-related words.
1. P_ LL_Y
2. _CR_W
3. IN _ _ _ NE P_AN _
4. WE _ G _
5. _ _ VER

ASSESSMENT
CARD
Multiple Choice: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. In order to do a work
a. Force must be applied through a distance.
b. Force must be exerted through a machine.
c. Energy must be spent.
d. Energy must be transformed.
2. Mechanical advantage refers to the
a. Ability of a machine to do away with manual labor.
b. Number of times a machine can multiply force and
distance.
c. Number of times a machine can increase work.
d. Number of times a machine can multiply a force.
3. To raise a wheelbarrow to a 2-foot high flatform, it
would be best to use a /an
a. Lever
c. pulley
b. Inclined plane d. wheel and axle
4. The effort applied to a lever is used to overcome the
a. Resistance
c. mechanical advantage
b. Fulcrum
d. friction
5. Which of the statements are true?
A. A simple machine can multiply speed.
B. A simple machine does not produce more work than is
put into it.
C. A simple machine can change the direction of force.
D. A simple machine can multiply both force and distance.
a. A and B
c. B, C and D
b. A, C and D
d. A, B and C

ENRICHMENT
CARD
I.

Problem
What are the familiar and common machines in our

home, school, and market?


II. Materials
Pen
Data folder/ paper
III. Procedure
1. List down familiar and common machines you see at
home, school, and in market.
2. Write their corresponding uses.
3. Fill up the chart with data youve gathered.
Place

Home
School
Market

Common
Machines

Uses

IV. Observation
1. What do you think will happen if we do not have
these machines?
2. Which machine do you like best? Why?
3. What machine do you think the most useful in your
V.

house? Why?
Generalization:
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________

ANSWER KEYS

Activity 1
1. Fulcrum
2. Fixed
3. Inclined
plane
4. Screw
5. resistance

Activity 2
1. baseball
bat
2. food
grinder
3. pencil
4. scissors
5. power

Activity 3
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

screw
wedge
wedge
lever
lever
inclined
plane
7. wedge
8. lever
9. wheel and
axle
10.
pulley

Activity
4
1. T
2. T
3. F
4. T
5. F
6. F
7. T
8. F
9. T
10.

ASSESSMENT CARD- ANSWER KEYS

Activity 5
1. u e
2. s e
3. cli d
l ne
4. d e
5. l e

1. A
2. D
3. B
4. A
5. D
ENRICHMENT CARD ANSWER KEYS
Place

Home
School

Common
Machines

Uses

Knife, scissors,
tongs,

Knife and scissors are


used to cut objects.
Tongs are used to hold
objects.
Scissors are used to cut
objects.
A wheelbarrow is used to
carry loads.
A Sharpener is used to
sharpen a pencil.
Knife and scissors are
used to cut objects

( answers may vary)


Scissors, wheelbarrow,
Sharpener,

Knife, scissors

Market

1. Without these machines, it is difficult to do the


work.
2. ( answer may vary)
3. Knife- it is used for cutting.
Generalization:
Simple machines make works easier and faster.

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