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Unit 3

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api-260708970
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Home Link 2-13

Unit 3: Family Letter

NAME

DATE

TIME

Operations
In Unit 3, your child will add, subtract, multiply, and divide whole numbers using a variety of
problem-solving strategies and computational skills. Everyday Mathematics encourages children
to choose from any of the methods explored in this unit, or invent their own computation methods.
When children create and share their own ways of computing instead of simply learning one
method, they begin to realize that problems can be solved in more than one way. They are more
willing and able to take risks, think logically, and produce more reasonable answers.
In Unit 3, children will:
Describe rules for patterns and use them to solve problems.
Estimate to check whether their answers are reasonable.
Add using the partial-sums and column-addition methods. Subtract using the counting-up
and expand-and-trade methods.

6
+2
8
9

7
5
12
2

184
- 37

67 + 25 = 92

expand-and-trade subtraction

column addition

Use helper facts and create arrays to solve unknown multiplication facts.
Learn helpful rules and new groups of multiplication facts.
Find and write equivalent names for numbers within name-collection boxes.
Collect and organize data in scaled bar and picture graphs.

Pull-Ups by 3rd Graders

How Bay School 3rd Graders Get to School

Number of Children

Number of Children

Copyright McGraw-Hill Education. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

70 14
100 + 80 + 4
30 + 7
100 + 40 + 7 = 147

5
4
3
2
1
0

Number of Pull-Ups
A bar graph with a scale by 1s

10
8
6
4
2
0

walk

bike

car

bus

skate

Ways
A bar graph with a scale by 2s

Please keep this Family Letter for reference as your child works through Unit 3.

75

Unit 3: Family Letter, continued

Vocabulary
Important lesson components and terms used in Unit 3:
bar graph A graph with horizontal or vertical
in
bars that represent data. Sometimes when the
scale shows counts other than by 1s, the graph is
called a scaled bar graph.

estimate 1. An answer close to an exact answer.


2. To make a guess based on information you have.
Some ways to estimate calculations include
rounding the numbers in the problem to the
nearest 10 or 100 or changing them to close-buteasier numbers. For example, to estimate the sum
245 + 92, one might calculate 200 + 100 = 300 or
245 + 100 = 345.
expanded form A way of writing a number as the
sum of the values of each digit. For example, 356 is
300 + 50 + 6 in expanded form.
function machine An imaginary device that
receives inputs and pairs them with outputs using
a rule.

out
2

Rule

Double

10

10

20

100

200

out
A function machine

helper facts Well-known facts used to help figure


out less familiar facts.
input A number inserted into a function machine
that applies a rule to pair the input with an output.
output A number paired to an input by a function
machine applying a rule.
partial-sums addition An addition method in
which separate sums are computed for each
place value of the numbers and then added to
get a final sum.
picture graph A graph constructed with picture
symbols. Sometimes when a symbol represents
more than one, the graph is called a scaled picture
graph.
turn-around rule for multiplication A rule that
says two numbers can be multiplied in either
order without changing the product. For example,
2 8 = 16 and 8 2 = 16.

Do-Anytime Activities
The following activities practice concepts taught in this and previous units.
1. Review addition and subtraction facts that your child needs to practice.
You may want to ask your childs teacher for +, - Fact Triangles. Look in your
childs Student Reference Book for games that practice these facts.
2. Practice 2s, 5s, and 10s, squares, and 3s and 9s multiplication facts using
, Fact Triangles. Squares and 3s and 9s will be sent home with upcoming
Home Links.

76

11

+,8

Copyright McGraw-Hill Education. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

column addition An addition strategy in which


the addends digits are first added in each placevalue column separately and then 10-for-1 trades
are made until each column has only one digit.
Lines may be drawn to separate the place-value
columns.

in
1

Unit 3: Family Letter, continued


3. When adding or subtracting multidigit numbers, talk about which strategy works best for your child.
Try not to impose the strategy that works best for you! Have your child make an estimate for each
problem and discuss why the answer is reasonable. Here are some problems to try:
267 + 743 =

794 - 554 =

= 851 + 697

840 - 694 =

Building Skills through Games


In Unit 3 your child will practice multiplication
and mental addition by playing the following
games. For detailed instructions, see the
Student Reference Book.

Multiplication Draw Players draw two cards


and multiply the numbers on them. They add
the products of 5 draws to try to get the largest
sum.

Array Bingo Players make a 4-by-4 array of


array cards. They draw number cards and try to
match them to an array card with that number
of dots. If there is a match, they turn the array
card facedown.

Name That Number Players try to name a


target number by adding, subtracting,
multiplying, or dividing the numbers on two or
more of five cards.

Copyright McGraw-Hill Education. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

Roll to 1,000 Players mentally add the results of


dice rolls.
Shuffle to 100 Players estimate to find sums
close to 100.

24

As You Help Your Child with Homework


As your child brings home assignments, you may want to go over the instructions together, clarifying
them as necessary. The answers listed below will guide you through this units Home Links.

Home Link 3-1


1.

3.

in
14

out
7

2.

in
1

out
5

25

12

20

15

30

10

10

21

14

in

in
70

out
100

Rule

20

50

Add 30

30

60

90

120

50

80

out

Answers vary.

77

Unit 3: Family Letter, continued

Home Link 3-2

Home Link 3-10

1. Sample answer: 80 and 40; 120

1. 6 2 = 12

2. Sample answer: 200 and 400; 400

3. Sample answer: Each array shows the same


number of dots, but the rows and columns
are switched. I can also switch the numbers
around when I multiply.

Home Link 3-3


1. 337

2. 339

3. 562

4. 574

Home Link 3-4

2. 3 5 = 15

4. Answers vary.

Home Link 3-11

Sample answer: 90 + 30 = 120; 115

1.

35

Home Link 3-5


Representations vary.
2. 42

1. 202
Sample estimate: 500 - 300 = 200

Home Link 3-12

2. 122

1a.

b. 36

Sample estimate: 300 - 200 = 100

Home Link 3-6


2. 202

3. 122

4. 206

Home Link 3-7


1. 2

2. 2

3. 4

c. Sample answer: I know 10 4 = 40, so I


start with 40 and subtract 1 group of 4.
So 40 - 4 = 36.

4. Answers vary.

2. 90

Home Link 3-8

Home Link 3-13

1. 2

2. 8

3. 6

4. 7

5. Sample answer: Beth and Bill caught more


fish than Max and Chen. Max and Chen
caught 7 and 8, or 15 fish. Beth and Bill caught
11 and 10, or 21 fish. Beth and Bill caught 6
more fish.

Home Link 3-9


5. 817
Estimate: 50 + 770 = 820
6. 954
Estimate: 360 + 600 = 960

78

3. 45

4. 40

5. 80

1.

18

Sample answers:

9+9

29

6 + 6 + 6 ////\ ////\ ////\///


dieciocho 4 5 - 2
36 2
number of days in two weeks
+ 4 days, one and a half dozens
2. 12
3. Answers vary.

Copyright McGraw-Hill Education. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

1. 194

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