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Time History Analysis Method

time history in sap

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264 views

Time History Analysis Method

time history in sap

Uploaded by

Sauhardra Ojha
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Int. J. Struct. & Civil Engg. Res.

2013

A S Patil and P D Kumbhar, 2013


ISSN 2319 6009 www.ijscer.com
Vol. 2, No. 3, August 2013
2013 IJSCER. All Rights Reserved

Research Paper

TIME HISTORY ANALYSIS OF MULTISTORIED


RCC BUILDINGS FOR DIFFERENT SEISMIC
INTENSITIES
A S Patil1* and P D Kumbhar1

* Corresponding author:A S Patil, [email protected]

In the present paper study of nonlinear dynamic analysis of Ten storied RCC building considering
different seismic intensities is carried out and seismic responses of such building are studied.
The building under consideration is modeled with the help of SAP2000-15 software. Five different
time histories have been used considering seismic intensities V, VI, VII, VIII, IX and X on Modified
Mercalli's Intensity scale (MMI) for establishment of relationship between seismic intensities
and seismic responses. The results of the study shows similar variations pattern in Seismic
responses such as base shear and storey displacements with intensities V to X. From the
study it is recommended that analysis of multistoried RCC building using Time History method
becomes necessary to ensure safety against earthquake force.
Keywords: Time History Analysis, Seismic responses, Multistoried buildings, Scaling

but it should be regulated. Analyzing the


structure for various earthquake intensities and
checking for multiple criteria at each level has
become an essential exercise for the last
couple of decades ( Romy and Prabha, 2011).

INTRODUCTION
All over world, there is high demand for
construction of tall buildings due to increasing
urbanization and spiraling population, and
earthquakes have the potential for causing the
greatest damages to those tall structures.
Since earthquake forces are random in nature
and unpredictable, the engineering tools need
to be sharpened for analyzing structures under
the action of these forces. Earthquake loads
are required to be carefully modeled so as to
assess the real behavior of structure with a
clear understanding that damage is expected
1

Earthquake causes different shaking


intensities at different locations and the
damage induced in buildings at these
locations is also different. Thus, there is
necessary to construct a structure which is
earthquake resistance at a particular level of
intensity of shaking a structure, and not so
much the magnitude of an earthquake. Even

Department of Civil Engineering, Rajarambapu Institute of Technology, Rajaramnagar.

194

Int. J. Struct. & Civil Engg. Res. 2013

A S Patil and P D Kumbhar, 2013

though same magnitudes of earthquakes are


occurring due to its varying intensity, it results
into dissimilar damaging effects in different
regions. Therefore, it is necessary to study
variations in seismic behavior of multistoried
RC framed building for different seismic
intensities in terms of various responses such
as lateral displacements and base shear. It is
necessary to understand the seismic behavior
of buildings having similar layout under
different intensities of earthquake. For
determination of seismic responses it is
necessary to carry out seismic analysis of the
structure using different available methods
(Duggal, 2010).

Static Analysis, (2) Nonlinear Static Analysis,


(3) Linear Dynamic Analysis; and (4) Nonlinear
Dynamic Analysis. Linear static analysis or
equivalent static method can be used for
regular structure with limited height. Linear
dynamic analysis can be performed by
response spectrum method. The significant
difference between linear static and linear
dynamic analysis is the level of the forces and
their distribution along the height of structure.
Nonlinear static analysis is an improvement
over linear static or dynamic analysis in the
sense that it allows inelastic behavior of
structure. A nonlinear dynamic analysis is the
only method to describe the actual behavior
of a structure during an earthquake. The
method is based on the direct numerical
integration of the differential equations of
motion by considering the elasto-plastic
deformation of the structural element.

OBJECTIVES
1. To analyze a multistoried RC framed
building (10 Storey) for available
earthquake time histories considering
different earthquake intensities (i.e., V, VI,
VII, VIII, IX and X).

Equivalent Static Analysis


This procedure does not require dynamic
analysis, however, it account for the dynamics
of building in an approximate manner. The
static method is the simplest one-it requires
less computational efforts and is based on
formulate given in the code of practice. First,
the design base shear is computed for the
whole building, and it is then distributed along
the height of the building. The lateral forces at
each floor levels thus obtained are distributed
to individuals lateral load resisting elements
(Duggal, 2010).

2. To compare seismic behavior of


multistoried RC framed building for different
earthquake intensities in terms of various
responses such as, base shear and
displacements.
3. To find the relationship between earthquake
intensities and responses.

SEISMIC ANALYSIS
For the determination of seismic responses
there is necessary to carry out seismic analysis
of structure. The analysis can be performed
on the basis of external action, the behavior of
structure or structural materials, and the type
of structural model selected. Based on the type
of external action and behavior of structure, the
analysis can be further classified as: (1) Linear

Nonlinear Static Analysis


It is practical method in which analysis is
carried out under permanent vertical loads
and gradually increasing lateral loads to
estimate deformation and damage pattern of
structure.

195

Int. J. Struct. & Civil Engg. Res. 2013

A S Patil and P D Kumbhar, 2013

Non linear static analysis is the method of


seismic analysis in which behavior of the
structure is characterized by capacity curve
that represents the relation between the base
shear force and the displacement of the roof.
It is also known as Pushover Analysis.

time history is required for a structure being


evaluated. Time history analysis is a step-bystep analysis of the dynamic response of a
structure to a specified loading that may vary
with time. Time history analysis is used to
determine the seismic response of a structure
under dynamic loading of representative
earthquake (Wilkinson and Hiley, 2006)
(Tables 1 and 2)..

Linear Dynamic Analysis


Response spectrum method is the linear
dynamic analysis method. In that method the
peak response of structure during an
earthquake is obtained directly from the
earthquake response, but this is quite accurate
for structural design applications (Duggal,
2010).

STRUCTURAL MODELING
AND ANALYSIS
The finite element analysis software SAP 2000
Nonlinear is utilized to create 3D model and
run all analyses. The software is able to predict
the geometric nonlinear behavior of space
frames under static or dynamic loadings,
taking into account both geometric nonlinearity
and material inelasticity.

Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis


It is known as Time history analysis. It is an
important technique for structural seismic
analysis especially when the evaluated
structural response is nonlinear. To perform
such an analysis, a representative earthquake

Problem Statements
For the study ten storied masonry in filled RCC

Figure 1: Plan and Elevation of Multistoried Building

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Int. J. Struct. & Civil Engg. Res. 2013

A S Patil and P D Kumbhar, 2013

building is considered. The geometry and


dimensions of plan are shown in Figure 1.

Brick wall Thickness -0.230 m

Live Load on Typical floors - 3.5 KN/m2

Density of Brickwall - 20 N/m2

Density of Concrete - 25 KN/m2

Live Load on Terrace - 2 KN/m2

Modulus of Elasticity for Concrete - 25 KN/

Column size - 0.5 m X 0.5 m

Beams size - 0.23 m X 0.45 m

Modulus of Elasticity for Brick wall - 10.5


KN/m2

Slab Thickness - 0.150 m

Table 1: Different Time Histories Considered for Study


S. No.

EQ

Date

Magnitude Richter Scale

P. G. A.g

1.

Bhuj, India

Jan 26, 2001

6.9

0.110

2.

Koyana, India

Dec 11, 1964

6.5

0.489

3.

Anza, USA

Feb 25, 1980

4.7

0.110

4.

Nahanni, Canada

Dec 23, 1985

6.9

0.489

5.

Northridge, USA

Jan 17, 1994

6.7

0.489

Table 2: Different Seismic Intensities Considered for Study


S. No.

Intensity MMI

PGA g

Seismic Zones as per IS:1893-2002

1.

0.03-0.04

2.

VI

0.06-0.07

II (second)

3.

VII

0.10-0.15

III(third)

4.

VIII

0.25-0.30

IV(fourth)

5.

IX

0.50-0.55

V(fifth)

6.

>0.60

Table: 3 Variations in Base Shears for X Direction


S. No.

Intensity MMI

Base Shears kN
Bhuj

Koyana

Anza

Nahanni

Northridge

1.

40.268

56.87

96.479

145.774

106.544

2.

VI

74.786

105.615

179.153

270.746

197.897

3.

VII

143.801

203.112

344.554

520.643

380.542

4.

VIII

316.37

446.84

757.985

1145.45

837.214

5.

IX

603.975

853.056

1447.07

2186.74

1598.34

6.

690.247

974.926

1653.8

2499.11

1826.66

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Int. J. Struct. & Civil Engg. Res. 2013

A S Patil and P D Kumbhar, 2013

Figure 2: Variations in Base Shears for X Directions

Table 4: Variations in Base Shears for Y Direction


S. No.

Intensity MMI

Base Shears kN
Bhuj

Koyana

Anza

Nahanni

Northridge

1.

47.932

54.299

124.994

71.536

79.959

2.

VI

89.028

100.874

232.111

132.834

148.504

3.

VII

171.182

139.969

446.395

255.429

285.609

4.

VIII

376.609

426.722

982.029

561.973

628.304

5.

IX

718.996

817.659

1874.78

1072.83

1199.49

6.

821.7

931.041

2142.61

1226.1

1370.82

Figure 3: Variations in Base Shears for Y Directions

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Int. J. Struct. & Civil Engg. Res. 2013

A S Patil and P D Kumbhar, 2013

Table 5: Variations in Roof Displacements for X Direction


S. No.

Intensity MMI

Displacements mm
Bhuj

Koyana

Anza

Nahanni

Northridge

1.

0.027

0.031

0.044

0.052

0.05

2.

VI

0.05

0.058

0.082

0.097

0.093

3.

VII

0.097

0.111

0.159

0.186

0.18

4.

VIII

0.213

0.245

0.349

0.41

0.395

5.

IX

0.407

0.467

0.666

0.782

0.755

6.

0.465

0.534

0.762

0.894

0.863

Figure 4: Variations in Roof Displacements for X Directions

Table: 6 Variations in Roof Displacements for Y direction


S. No.

Intensity MMI

Displacements mm
Bhuj

Koyana

Anza

Nahanni

Northridge

1.

0.056

0.073

0.162

0.1

0.076

2.

VI

0.104

0.135

0.3

0.186

0.141

3.

VII

0.201

0.259

0.578

0.357

0.272

4.

VIII

0.442

0.57

1.271

0.786

0.598

5.

IX

0.843

1.088

2.426

1.5

1.141

6.

0.963

1.244

2.772

1.715

1.304

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Int. J. Struct. & Civil Engg. Res. 2013

A S Patil and P D Kumbhar, 2013

Figure 5: Variations in Roof Displacements for X Directions

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

3. The values of base shear, storey


displacements and storey drifts (X and Y
directions) for seismic intensities of VI, VII,
VIII, IX and X are found to be more by 1.85,
3.56, 7.86, 15.1, and 17.15 times,
respectively as compared to seismic
intensity of V for both the models (i.e., with
and without soft story) and for all the time
histories.

Results obtained from the analysis are


tabulated in Tables 3 to 6.
Graphical representations of variations in
results are shown in Figures 1 to 5. The graph
shows that similar variations in seismic
responses namely base shears and
displacements with intensities V to X.

CONCLUSION

4. As Time History is realistic method, used


for seismic analysis, it provides a better
check to the safety of structures analyzed
and designed by method specified by IS
code.

1. The seismic responses namely base shear,


storey displacements and storey drifts in
both the directions are found to vary in
similar pattern with intensities (V to X) for
all the Time Histories and both the models
considered for the study.

REFERENCES
1. Duggal S K (2010), Earthquake
Resistance Design of Structure, Fourth
Edition, Oxford University Press, New
Delhi.

2. The values of seismic responses namely


base shear, storey displacement and storey
drifts for all the Time Histories and both the
models are found to be of the increased
order for seismic intensities varying from V
to X.

2. Haselton C B and Whittaker A S (2012),


Selecting and Scaling Earthquake
Ground Motions for Performing

200

Int. J. Struct. & Civil Engg. Res. 2013

A S Patil and P D Kumbhar, 2013

4. Shaha V and Karve S (2010), Illustrated


Design of Reinforced Concrete
Buildings, Sixth Edition, Structures
Publication, Pune.

Response-History Analyses, The 15th


W orld Conference on Earthquake
Engineering.
3. Romy M and Prabha C (2011), Dynamic
Analysis of RCC Buildings with Shear
Wall, International Journal of Earth
Sciences and Engineering, ISSN 09745904, Vol. 04, 659-662.

5. Wilkinson S and Hiley R (2006), A NonLinear Response History Model for the
Seismic Analysis of High-Rise Framed
Buildings, Computers and Structures,
Vol. 84.

201

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