Performance Pillar

P2 Performance Management
23 May 2012 Wednesday Afternoon Session
Instructions to candidates
You are allowed three hours to answer this question paper.
You are allowed 20 minutes reading time before the examination begins
during which you should read the question paper and, if you wish, make
annotations on the question paper. However, you will not be allowed, under
any circumstances, to open the answer book and start writing or use your
calculator during this reading time.
You are strongly advised to carefully read ALL the question requirements
before attempting the question concerned (that is all parts and/or subquestions).
ALL answers must be written in the answer book. Answers written on the
question paper will not be submitted for marking.
You should show all workings as marks are available for the method you use.
ALL QUESTIONS ARE COMPULSORY.
Section A comprises 5 questions and is on pages 2 to 6.
Section B comprises 2 questions and is on pages 8 to 11.
Maths tables and formulae are provided on pages 13 to 16.
The list of verbs as published in the syllabus is given for reference on page
19.
Write your candidate number, the paper number and examination subject title
in the spaces provided on the front of the answer book. Also write your
contact ID and name in the space provided in the right hand margin and seal
to close.
Tick the appropriate boxes on the front of the answer book to indicate which
questions you have answered.

P2 Performance Management

DO NOT OPEN THIS QUESTION PAPER UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO

TURN OVER

The Chartered Institute of Management Accountants 2012

SECTION A 50 MARKS
[You are advised to spend no longer than 18 minutes on each question in this
section.]

ANSWER ALL FIVE QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION. EACH QUESTION IS

WORTH 10 MARKS. YOU SHOULD SHOW YOUR WORKINGS AS MARKS
ARE AVAILABLE FOR THE METHOD YOU USE.
Question One
A company is developing a new product. During its expected life it is expected that 8,000
units of the product will be sold for $90 per unit.
The direct material and other non-labour related costs will be $45 per unit throughout the life
of the product.
Production will be in batches of 1,000 units throughout the life of the product. The direct
labour cost is expected to reduce due to the effects of learning for the first four batches
th
produced. Thereafter the labour cost will remain at the same cost per batch as the 4 batch.
The direct labour cost of the first batch of 1,000 units is expected to be $40,000 and a 90%
learning effect is expected to occur.
There are no fixed costs that are specific to the product.

Required:
(a)
(i)

Calculate the average direct labour cost per batch of the first four batches.
(2 marks)

(ii)

th

Calculate the direct labour cost of the 4 batch.

(2 marks)

(iii)

Calculate the contribution earned from the product over its lifetime.
(2 marks)

Note: The learning index for a 90% learning curve = -0.152

Due to the low lifetime product volume of 8,000 units the company now believes that
learning may continue throughout its entire product life.

(b)

Calculate the rate of learning required (to the nearest whole percentage)
to achieve a lifetime product contribution target of $150,000, assuming
that a constant rate of learning applies throughout the products life.
(4 marks)
(Total for Question One = 10 marks)

Performance Management

May 2012

Question Two
A small town with a population of 35,000 has a community library. The nearest alternative
library is 15 miles away. A further 20,000 people live within a ten mile radius of the town. Of
these, 5,000 people live nearer to the alternative library.
The library has 25,000 registered users and on average each of the registered users borrows
two books and one DVD every week. The library has 125,000 books and 50,000 DVDs on its
inventory lists, though this is constantly changing as old items are removed and new items
are added.
The library offers a variety of types of book and DVD in order to attract interest from a large
range of potential users, and for some of the more popular items it has more than one copy.
The library does not charge a fee to its users; it is funded by donations and by government.
However it does need to measure its performance and is considering the use of a Balanced
Scorecard.

Required:
(a)

Explain the key features of the Balanced Scorecard approach to

performance measurement.
(4 marks)

(b)

State TWO perspectives of the Balanced Scorecard and for EACH of

these, recommend with reasons, ONE performance measure that could
be used to measure the performance of the library.
(6 marks)
(Total for Question Two = 10 marks)

Section A continues on the next page

May 2012

TURN OVER
Performance Management

Question Three
A company has prepared the following summary from its functional budgets for the year
ended 30th September 2013.
$000
Sales (100,000 units)
Opening inventory (zero units)
Production costs (115,000 units):
Direct materials
Direct labour
Variable overhead
Fixed overhead

$000
1,500

nil

460
575
115
230
1,380

Closing inventory (15,000 units)

180

Cost of Sales

1,200

Gross Profit

300

Other overhead costs

200

Net Profit

100

The directors of the company have now met to review the above statement. They have
decided to revise the budget as follows:

Due to competition, reduce the selling price by $5 per unit and despite the reduction
in selling price the demand for the product will reduce to 90,000 units.

Increase some of the unit production costs: direct labour by 10% and variable
overhead by 5%. No change is expected to any other costs.

Reduce production to 100,000 units.

Required:
(a)

Prepare a summary statement (in the same format as that shown above)
which clearly shows the effect of all of the changes proposed by the
directors of the company.
(6 marks)

(b)

Discuss the motivational factors in involving functional managers in the

setting of functional budgets.
(4 marks)
(Total for Question Three = 10 marks)

Performance Management

May 2012

Question Four
A company has predicted its sales demand for each of the four quarters of 2013 as follows:
Quarter
Sales volume (units)

1
100,000

2
110,000

3
190,000

4
140,000

The company has a normal production capacity of 135,000 units per quarter without needing
to utilise any overtime working. However the capacity can be increased by up to 40% by
working overtime.
It is current company policy to manufacture units using a constant level production system.
This means that although the opening and closing levels of inventory for the year are zero
units there are increases and decreases in the quarterly inventory levels. On this basis the
selling price, variable production costs and contribution for 2013 are expected to be as
follows:
$ per unit
90.00

Selling price
Direct materials
Direct labour
Variable production overhead

30.00
35.00
10.00

Contribution

75.00
15.00

However, any overtime working will increase the unit direct labour cost by 50% and the unit
variable production overhead cost by 30% for those units produced during overtime working.
In addition, the company incurs a storage cost of $4 per unit per quarter for each item that is
held in inventory. These costs are not included in the production costs above.
The company is considering whether it should change to a just-in-time (JIT) production
system, but is concerned that due to the fluctuating levels of its sales demand this may not be
financially beneficial. If the company did change to a JIT production system:

No inventory would be held.

There would be no change in the behaviour of variable production costs.

Required:
(a)

Calculate the cost of holding inventory (based on average inventory levels

in each of the quarters) for each of the quarters and the year in total under
the current production system. Assume that sales occur evenly during
each quarter.
(4 marks)

(b)

Calculate the financial impact of changing to a JIT production system.

(6 marks)
(Total for Question Four = 10 marks)

TURN OVER
May 2012

Performance Management

Question Five
A company uses total cost plus pricing. Recent results show that profits are falling and that
the company is losing market share in what is becoming a very competitive market.

Required:
(a)

Explain TWO disadvantages of total cost plus pricing.

(4 marks)

(b)

Explain how target costing could be of benefit to the company.

(6 marks)
(Total for Question Five = 10 marks)

(Total for Section A = 50 marks)

End of Section A
Section B starts on page 8

Performance Management

May 2012

This page is blank

TURN OVER
May 2012

Performance Management

SECTION B 50 MARKS
[You are advised to spend no longer than 45 minutes on each question in this section.]

ANSWER BOTH QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION. EACH QUESTION IS

WORTH 25 MARKS. YOU SHOULD SHOW YOUR WORKINGS AS MARKS
ARE AVAILABLE FOR THE METHOD YOU USE.
Question Six
WRX manufactures three products using different quantities of the same resources. Details of
these products are as follows:
W
$/unit
90

R
$/unit
126

X
$/unit
150

Direct labour ($7/hour)

Material A ($3/kg)
Material B ($6/kg)
Variable overhead ($4/hour)
Fixed overhead

14
15
24
8
12
73

28
12
36
16
7
99

35
21
30
20
12
118

Profit

17

27

32

Product
Market selling price

The management of WRX has predicted the demand for these products for July as follows:
Product W
Product R
Product X

500 units
800 units
1,600 units

These demand estimates do NOT include an order from a major customer to supply 400 units
per month of each of the three products, at a discount of $10 per unit from the market selling
price.
During July the management of WRX anticipate that there will be a shortage of material B,
and that only 17,500 kgs will be available.
It is not possible for WRX to hold inventory of any raw materials, work in progress or finished
products.

Performance Management

May 2012

Required:
(a)

Prepare calculations to show the optimum product mix to maximise

WRXs profit for July, assuming that the order with the major customer is
supplied in full.
(7 marks)

WRX has now realised that the contract with the major customer does not have
to be met in full for any of the three products. The customer will accept whatever
WRX is prepared to supply at the contracted prices but they will charge a
financial penalty if WRX does not supply them in full in July.

(b)

Calculate the lowest value of the financial penalty that the major customer
would need to insert in the contract to ensure that WRX meets its order in
full in July.
(8 marks)

(c)

Now that you have presented your answers to (a) and (b) above to the management
team of WRX, the production manager has advised that, due to holidays, the number of
direct labour hours available will be reduced to a total of 9,800 hours in July.
A decision has been made that WRX will fulfil its order with the major customer in full in
July, and it has been agreed that a linear programming model will be used to determine
the optimum usage of the resources that will be available after setting aside those
required for the major customers order.

Required:
(i)

Identify the objective function and the constraints to be used in the linear
programming model to determine the optimum usage of the remaining
resources to maximise the companys profits for July.
(6 marks)

(ii)

The optimal solution has been determined as:

W 500 units
R
0 units
X 880 units
Explain which of the constraints you stated in (c)(i) are binding on the
solution. (You are not required to draw a graph.)
(4 marks)
(Total for Question Six = 25 marks)

Section B continues on the next page

TURN OVER
May 2012

Performance Management

Question Seven
The GHYD company comprises two divisions: GH and YD.
GH manufactures components using a specialised machine. It sells the same components
both externally and to YD. The variable costs of producing the component are as follows:

Direct materials
Direct labour
Variable overhead

$/unit
25.00
35.00
10.00
70.00

GH currently sells its components to the external market for $125 per unit.
GH also sells 4,000 components per month to YD. These are transferred at the same price as
the external selling price.
YD uses two of these components in each unit of its CX product. The current selling price of
the CX product is $375 per unit and at this selling price the demand for the CX is 2,000 units
per month. The variable costs of producing a unit of CX are as follows:

Direct materials
Components transferred from GH @ $125 each
Direct labour
Variable overhead

$/unit
35.00
250.00
15.00
10.00

At this level of activity the total monthly contribution earned by YD from the sale of the CX
product is $130,000.
An analysis of the demand for the CX product indicates that for every $25 increase in its
selling price the monthly demand would reduce by 500 units, and that for every $25 decrease
in its selling price demand would increase by 500 units.
Note: If P = a - bx then MR = a - 2bx

Performance Management

10

May 2012

Required:
(a)
(i)

Calculate the selling price per unit of CX that would maximise the profits
generated by that product for the YD division.
(4 marks)

(ii)

Calculate, based on the selling price you calculated in (a)(i) above, the
monthly contribution that CX would generate for:

GHYD as a whole
GH division
YD division

Note: Your answer should show three separate amounts.

(6 marks)

(b)

GHYD has now reviewed its transfer pricing policy and decided that all
transfer prices should be set so as to lead to optimal decision making for
the company as a whole. Assuming that the transfer price for the
component is changed to reflect this new policy:

(i)

Calculate the selling price per unit of CX that would maximise the profits
earned by CX for the company as a whole. Note: you should assume
that there is sufficient capacity within the company.
(4 marks)

(ii)

Calculate, based on the selling price you calculated in (b)(i) above, the
monthly contribution that CX would generate for:

GHYD as a whole
GH division
YD division

Note: Your answer should show three separate amounts.

(3 marks)

(c)

Discuss, using your answers to (a) and (b) above, the impact that
alternative transfer prices have on the divisional profits of GH and YD and
on the company as a whole.
(8 marks)
(Total for Question Seven = 25 marks)

(Total for Section B = 50 marks)

End of question paper

Maths tables and formulae are on pages 13 to 16
May 2012

11

Performance Management

This page is blank

Performance Management

12

May 2012

PRESENT VALUE TABLE

Present value of 1 unit of currency, that is 1+ r

periods until payment or receipt.

)n where r = interest rate; n = number of

Periods
(n)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

1%
0.990
0.980
0.971
0.961
0.951
0.942
0.933
0.923
0.914
0.905
0.896
0.887
0.879
0.870
0.861
0.853
0.844
0.836
0.828
0.820

2%
0.980
0.961
0.942
0.924
0.906
0.888
0.871
0.853
0.837
0.820
0.804
0.788
0.773
0.758
0.743
0.728
0.714
0.700
0.686
0.673

3%
0.971
0.943
0.915
0.888
0.863
0.837
0.813
0.789
0.766
0.744
0.722
0.701
0.681
0.661
0.642
0.623
0.605
0.587
0.570
0.554

4%
0.962
0.925
0.889
0.855
0.822
0.790
0.760
0.731
0.703
0.676
0.650
0.625
0.601
0.577
0.555
0.534
0.513
0.494
0.475
0.456

Interest rates (r)

5%
6%
0.952
0.943
0.907
0.890
0.864
0.840
0.823
0.792
0.784
0.747
0.746
0705
0.711
0.665
0.677
0.627
0.645
0.592
0.614
0.558
0.585
0.527
0.557
0.497
0.530
0.469
0.505
0.442
0.481
0.417
0.458
0.394
0.436
0.371
0.416
0.350
0.396
0.331
0.377
0.312

7%
0.935
0.873
0.816
0.763
0.713
0.666
0.623
0.582
0.544
0.508
0.475
0.444
0.415
0.388
0.362
0.339
0.317
0.296
0.277
0.258

8%
0.926
0.857
0.794
0.735
0.681
0.630
0.583
0.540
0.500
0.463
0.429
0.397
0.368
0.340
0.315
0.292
0.270
0.250
0.232
0.215

9%
0.917
0.842
0.772
0.708
0.650
0.596
0.547
0.502
0.460
0.422
0.388
0.356
0.326
0.299
0.275
0.252
0.231
0.212
0.194
0.178

10%
0.909
0.826
0.751
0.683
0.621
0.564
0.513
0.467
0.424
0.386
0.350
0.319
0.290
0.263
0.239
0.218
0.198
0.180
0.164
0.149

Periods
(n)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

11%
0.901
0.812
0.731
0.659
0.593
0.535
0.482
0.434
0.391
0.352
0.317
0.286
0.258
0.232
0.209
0.188
0.170
0.153
0.138
0.124

12%
0.893
0.797
0.712
0.636
0.567
0.507
0.452
0.404
0.361
0.322
0.287
0.257
0.229
0.205
0.183
0.163
0.146
0.130
0.116
0.104

13%
0.885
0.783
0.693
0.613
0.543
0.480
0.425
0.376
0.333
0.295
0.261
0.231
0.204
0.181
0.160
0.141
0.125
0.111
0.098
0.087

14%
0.877
0.769
0.675
0.592
0.519
0.456
0.400
0.351
0.308
0.270
0.237
0.208
0.182
0.160
0.140
0.123
0.108
0.095
0.083
0.073

Interest rates (r)

15%
16%
0.870
0.862
0.756
0.743
0.658
0.641
0.572
0.552
0.497
0.476
0.432
0.410
0.376
0.354
0.327
0.305
0.284
0.263
0.247
0.227
0.215
0.195
0.187
0.168
0.163
0.145
0.141
0.125
0.123
0.108
0.107
0.093
0.093
0.080
0.081
0.069
0.070
0.060
0.061
0.051

17%
0.855
0.731
0.624
0.534
0.456
0.390
0.333
0.285
0.243
0.208
0.178
0.152
0.130
0.111
0.095
0.081
0.069
0.059
0.051
0.043

18%
0.847
0.718
0.609
0.516
0.437
0.370
0.314
0.266
0.225
0.191
0.162
0.137
0.116
0.099
0.084
0.071
0.060
0.051
0.043
0.037

19%
0.840
0.706
0.593
0.499
0.419
0.352
0.296
0.249
0.209
0.176
0.148
0.124
0.104
0.088
0.079
0.062
0.052
0.044
0.037
0.031

20%
0.833
0.694
0.579
0.482
0.402
0.335
0.279
0.233
0.194
0.162
0.135
0.112
0.093
0.078
0.065
0.054
0.045
0.038
0.031
0.026

May 2012

13

Performance Management

CUMULATIVE PRESENT VALUE TABLE

Cumulative present value of 1 unit of currency per annum, Receivable or Payable at the end of
each year for n years

Periods
(n)
1
2
3
4
5

1 (1+ r ) n
r

1%
0.990
1.970
2.941
3.902
4.853

2%
0.980
1.942
2.884
3.808
4.713

3%
0.971
1.913
2.829
3.717
4.580

4%
0.962
1.886
2.775
3.630
4.452

Interest rates (r)

5%
6%
0.952
0.943
1.859
1.833
2.723
2.673
3.546
3.465
4.329
4.212

7%
0.935
1.808
2.624
3.387
4.100

8%
0.926
1.783
2.577
3.312
3.993

9%
0.917
1.759
2.531
3.240
3.890

10%
0.909
1.736
2.487
3.170
3.791

6
7
8
9
10

5.795
6.728
7.652
8.566
9.471

5.601
6.472
7.325
8.162
8.983

5.417
6.230
7.020
7.786
8.530

5.242
6.002
6.733
7.435
8.111

5.076
5.786
6.463
7.108
7.722

4.917
5.582
6.210
6.802
7.360

4.767
5.389
5.971
6.515
7.024

4.623
5.206
5.747
6.247
6.710

4.486
5.033
5.535
5.995
6.418

4.355
4.868
5.335
5.759
6.145

11
12
13
14
15

10.368
11.255
12.134
13.004
13.865

9.787
10.575
11.348
12.106
12.849

9.253
9.954
10.635
11.296
11.938

8.760
9.385
9.986
10.563
11.118

8.306
8.863
9.394
9.899
10.380

7.887
8.384
8.853
9.295
9.712

7.499
7.943
8.358
8.745
9.108

7.139
7.536
7.904
8.244
8.559

6.805
7.161
7.487
7.786
8.061

6.495
6.814
7.103
7.367
7.606

16
17
18
19
20

14.718
15.562
16.398
17.226
18.046

13.578
14.292
14.992
15.679
16.351

12.561
13.166
13.754
14.324
14.878

11.652
12.166
12.659
13.134
13.590

10.838
11.274
11.690
12.085
12.462

10.106
10.477
10.828
11.158
11.470

9.447
9.763
10.059
10.336
10.594

8.851
9.122
9.372
9.604
9.818

8.313
8.544
8.756
8.950
9.129

7.824
8.022
8.201
8.365
8.514

Periods
(n)
1
2
3
4
5

11%
0.901
1.713
2.444
3.102
3.696

12%
0.893
1.690
2.402
3.037
3.605

13%
0.885
1.668
2.361
2.974
3.517

14%
0.877
1.647
2.322
2.914
3.433

Interest rates (r)

15%
16%
0.870
0.862
1.626
1.605
2.283
2.246
2.855
2.798
3.352
3.274

17%
0.855
1.585
2.210
2.743
3.199

18%
0.847
1.566
2.174
2.690
3.127

19%
0.840
1.547
2.140
2.639
3.058

20%
0.833
1.528
2.106
2.589
2.991

6
7
8
9
10

4.231
4.712
5.146
5.537
5.889

4.111
4.564
4.968
5.328
5.650

3.998
4.423
4.799
5.132
5.426

3.889
4.288
4.639
4.946
5.216

3.784
4.160
4.487
4.772
5.019

3.685
4.039
4.344
4.607
4.833

3.589
3.922
4.207
4.451
4.659

3.498
3.812
4.078
4.303
4.494

3.410
3.706
3.954
4.163
4.339

3.326
3.605
3.837
4.031
4.192

11
12
13
14
15

6.207
6.492
6.750
6.982
7.191

5.938
6.194
6.424
6.628
6.811

5.687
5.918
6.122
6.302
6.462

5.453
5.660
5.842
6.002
6.142

5.234
5.421
5.583
5.724
5.847

5.029
5.197
5.342
5.468
5.575

4.836
4.988
5.118
5.229
5.324

4.656
7.793
4.910
5.008
5.092

4.486
4.611
4.715
4.802
4.876

4.327
4.439
4.533
4.611
4.675

16
17
18
19
20

7.379
7.549
7.702
7.839
7.963

6.974
7.120
7.250
7.366
7.469

6.604
6.729
6.840
6.938
7.025

6.265
6.373
6.467
6.550
6.623

5.954
6.047
6.128
6.198
6.259

5.668
5.749
5.818
5.877
5.929

5.405
5.475
5.534
5.584
5.628

5.162
5.222
5.273
5.316
5.353

4.938
4.990
5.033
5.070
5.101

4.730
4.775
4.812
4.843
4.870

Performance Management

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May 2012

FORMULAE
PROBABILITY
A B = A or B.
A B = A and B (overlap).
P(B | A) = probability of B, given A.
Rules of Addition
If A and B are mutually exclusive:
If A and B are not mutually exclusive:

P(A B) = P(A) + P(B)

P(A B) = P(A) + P(B) P(A B)

Rules of Multiplication
If A and B are independent:
If A and B are not independent:

P(A B) = P(A) * P(B)

P(A B) = P(A) * P(B | A)

E(X) = (probability * payoff)

DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
Arithmetic Mean

x =

x
n

x=

fx
f

(frequency distribution)

Standard Deviation

SD =

( x x ) 2
n

SD =

fx 2
x 2 (frequency distribution)
f

INDEX NUMBERS
Price relative = 100 * P1/P0

Price:

Quantity:

Quantity relative = 100 * Q1/Q0

P
w 1
Po
w

x 100

Q
w 1
Qo x 100
w

TIME SERIES
Additive Model
Series = Trend + Seasonal + Random
Multiplicative Model
Series = Trend * Seasonal * Random

May 2012

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Performance Management

FINANCIAL MATHEMATICS
Compound Interest (Values and Sums)
Future Value S, of a sum of X, invested for n periods, compounded at r% interest
n
S = X[1 + r]
Annuity
Present value of an annuity of 1 per annum receivable or payable for n years, commencing in one
year, discounted at r% per annum:

PV =

1
1
1
r [1 + r ] n

Perpetuity
Present value of 1 per annum, payable or receivable in perpetuity, commencing in one year,
discounted at r% per annum:
PV =

1
r

LEARNING CURVE
b

Yx = aX
where:
Yx = the cumulative average time per unit to produce X units;
a = the time required to produce the first unit of output;
X = the cumulative number of units;
b = the index of learning.
The exponent b is defined as the log of the learning curve improvement rate divided by log 2.
INVENTORY MANAGEMENT
Economic Order Quantity
2C o D

EOQ =

Ch

where:

Co
Ch
D

=
=
=

cost of placing an order

cost of holding one unit in inventory for one year
annual demand

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LIST OF VERBS USED IN THE QUESTION REQUIREMENTS

A list of the learning objectives and verbs that appear in the syllabus and in the question requirements for
each question in this paper.
It is important that you answer the question according to the definition of the verb.
LEARNING OBJECTIVE
Level 1 - KNOWLEDGE
What you are expected to know.

Level 2 - COMPREHENSION
What you are expected to understand.

VERBS USED

DEFINITION

List
State
Define

Make a list of
Express, fully or clearly, the details/facts of
Give the exact meaning of

Describe
Distinguish
Explain

Communicate the key features

Highlight the differences between
Make clear or intelligible/State the meaning or
purpose of
Recognise, establish or select after
consideration
Use an example to describe or explain
something

Identify
Illustrate
Level 3 - APPLICATION
How you are expected to apply your knowledge.

Apply
Calculate
Demonstrate
Prepare
Reconcile
Solve
Tabulate

Level 4 - ANALYSIS
How are you expected to analyse the detail of
what you have learned.

Level 5 - EVALUATION
How are you expected to use your learning to
evaluate, make decisions or recommendations.

May 2012

Analyse
Categorise
Compare and contrast

Put to practical use

Ascertain or reckon mathematically
Prove with certainty or to exhibit by
practical means
Make or get ready for use
Make or prove consistent/compatible
Find an answer to
Arrange in a table

Construct
Discuss
Interpret
Prioritise
Produce

Examine in detail the structure of

Place into a defined class or division
Show the similarities and/or differences
between
Build up or compile
Examine in detail by argument
Translate into intelligible or familiar terms
Place in order of priority or sequence for action
Create or bring into existence

Advise
Evaluate
Recommend

Counsel, inform or notify

Appraise or assess the value of
Advise on a course of action

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Performance Management

Performance Pillar

Management Level Paper

P2 Performance Management

May 2012

Wednesday Afternoon Session

Performance Management

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May 2012