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Vehicle Electrical System - MATLAB & Simulink Example - MathWorks India

This document describes a Simulink model that simulates the electrical system of a vehicle. The system consists of a DC motor representing the engine driving an alternator, which is a 3-phase synchronous generator. The alternator output is rectified to provide DC voltage to charge the battery and power electrical loads. The model regulates the alternator output to keep the DC bus voltage constant despite changes in engine speed, electrical loads, or other factors.

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Pasupuleti Sivakumar
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179 views

Vehicle Electrical System - MATLAB & Simulink Example - MathWorks India

This document describes a Simulink model that simulates the electrical system of a vehicle. The system consists of a DC motor representing the engine driving an alternator, which is a 3-phase synchronous generator. The alternator output is rectified to provide DC voltage to charge the battery and power electrical loads. The model regulates the alternator output to keep the DC bus voltage constant despite changes in engine speed, electrical loads, or other factors.

Uploaded by

Pasupuleti Sivakumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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9/15/2016

VehicleElectricalSystemMATLAB&SimulinkExampleMathWorksIndia

VehicleElectricalSystem
Thisexampleshowshowtosimulatetheelectricalsystemofavehicle
usingSimulinkandSimscapePowerSystems.

Thisexamplealsouses:
SimscapePowerSystems

OpenModel

Figure1:Thevehicleelectricalsystem.

SystemComponents
Thesystemsimulatedconsistsofthefollowingcomponentparts:
AseparatelyexcitedDCmotorwithconstantfieldexcitation.ThearmatureissuppliedfromaDCsourcevoltage
(batterynominalvoltage240V)andseeingthatthefieldexcitation,andhencecurrent,iskeptconstantthemotor
speedisdirectlyproportionaltotheappliedarmaturevoltage.Thisarrangementsimulatestheengineofthecar,which
drivesthealternator(synchronousgenerator)viaabeltandpulleymechanism.Asthedriveraccelerates,theengine
speedchangesasdoesthespeedofrotationofthealternator.Thereforetosimulateachangeinenginespeed,the
armaturevoltageoftheDCmotorischanged.
TheDCmotoroutputpower(productofmotortorqueandangularspeed,w)isfedintothesynchronousmachineblock
asaninput.
Thealternatorisa3phasesynchronousgeneratorwithitsfieldcurrentregulatedtogivecontrolovertheoutput
voltage.ThisissimulatedbyusingtheSimplifiedSynchronousMachinemodel.
The3phaseACoutputofthealternatorisfedintothe6pulserectifiertogivetheDCvoltagerequiredtochargethe
carbatteryandtosupplythebalanceoftheelectricalsystemofthecar.

OperationoftheSystem

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9/15/2016

VehicleElectricalSystemMATLAB&SimulinkExampleMathWorksIndia

TheDCvoltagemustbekeptconstantsothatthelightsdonotdimwhenotherloadsareswitchedon,forexample:
thestartermotororwindscreenwipermotor.Likewise,iftheA/Cfanmotorisrunningandthelightsareswitchedon
thefanmotormustnotslowdown.
ToensuretheDCvoltageremainsconstant,evenwhentheenginespeedchangesorwhenadditionalelectricalloads
areswitchedon,itisnecessarytofeedbacktheDCbusvoltageandregulatethealternatorgeneratedACvoltage
accordingly.Thefollowingeventswillhelpillustratethisoperation:

Speedvariation:Whilethesimulationisrunning,reducetheinputDCbatteryvoltagefrom240tosay150V.When
thesimulationisover,displaytheDCbusvoltageandthespeedwoftheDCmotor.Itisseenthatthespeed
changes,butthereisnochangeintheDCbusvoltage.

Loadvariation:Whilethesimulationisrunning,changethevalueoftheloadresistorconnectedacrosstheDC
busbar.DisplaytheDCbusvoltageandcurrent.Thecurrentchangeswiththeload,butthevoltageremains
constant(asitshould).

Toillustratethatthevoltageregulatoronthealternatorisoperating,changetheconstantonthesecondsummer
(theonewiththetwo+vesigns)whilethesimulationisrunning.DisplaytheACandDCvoltagesandtheywillshow
thechanges.

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