Mt = SHORT COURSE SERIES) + Clockwise intermediate Vt Classbook ee e\ a a 5 . Ww — Will ForsythSHORT COURSE SERIES ). intermediate Classbook Will Forsyth OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS |02 Contents 01 ALLINTHE MIND = p.04 Phrases for starting conversations Question types (be object/subject/reporting) Word groups, phrases (talk to rexplain that, etc.) 02 CHANGING WORLD —p.08 Being imprecise (obout tend to, etc) Present tenses to describe change {cimple/continuous/perfect) ‘Words describing the world (geography /culture/ economics) 03 LIFE STORY p.t2 ‘Stages for telling true stories in Conversation, question tags Past simple and present perfect for talking about what's happened Describing stages of life (get married ‘take exams, etc), characteristics of ‘successful people (determined ‘ambitious, etc.) 04 SOMETHINGTODO = p.16. How to get information was wondering Iregarding, etc), active listening (OK, oh fine, etc) Gerund and infinitive patterns (don't want + tom not keen on + -ingllet’s + infinitive, etc), making suggestions and responding ‘saying how you feel about doing things (really enjoy/its a great way to, etc.) 05 A QUESTION OF p20 UFESTYLE Giving indirect answers (a couple ofit varies, ete.) ‘Comparative forms {adjectives /adverbs) Describing health, lifestyle, and routine (06 CHANGE OF STATE = p.24 Using vague expressions for time and quantity (round about sh, etc) Talking about ‘usually’ in the past {past simple/ would /used to) Phrases for similarity and difference (different from look similar, etc) 07 TAKING CHANCES —p.28 Saying you agree {nor do t/no, that’s right, etc) Expressions for tinking ideas (even though because off whereas, etc.) Describing activities (climbing! ‘smoking), emotional reactions tedi-ing aclectives) 08 GETTING THROUGH? = p32 Guiding the stages of a phone call {oll right then anyway, etc) ‘Talking about future arrangements {will going tol present continuous) Useful telephone phrases {hold on/ Who's calling, etc.) 09 INCIDENTS AND p36 ACCIDENTS Planning the future (present Continuous’ simple going to / will, Expressions for responding to ‘good and bad news am sorry! enjoy yourself, etc.) Talking about occasions (wedding ‘procession interview, etc.) 10 OTHER HOUSES, p40 OTHER RULES Using sentence patterns (with when because otherwise/and, etc.) can/have to/must/be allowed tol should need to for obligation and permission Talking about rules and arguments (ban get upset, etc.) 11 TEMPER AND TEARS p44 ‘Making simple complaints Vim afraid like to, etc), dealing with unhelpful people (realize that, butleven though, etc.) Telling stories (Gast simple continuous /perfect) ‘saying how you feel {anger/enthusiasm, etc.) 12. SAYING NO pas Inviting (D0 you fancy! Would you like to), saying no politely 'd love to, bbut I’ve got something on, etc.) Using infnitives {too /enough toto keep ft, etc), verbs + infinitive (decide /hope/want, etc.) Expanding your vocabulary using affixes (ful, ity, ty, etc)13 BRAINPOWER ps2 Coping with communication problems (Sorry?, et.) Defining relative clauses for giving further information (who that which) Using word association to remember new words 14 GIVING IMPRESSIONS p.56 Talking about ‘things in general’ (people /stuff ike that, etc), lists ‘with and/or that clauses in expressing opinions (elieve/admit that, etc.) ‘Words with dependent prepositions married tolgood at, etc.) 15 JOURNEYS p.60 Controlling conversations Wowils itright that, etc) ‘The passive for describing what happened to you Language of journeys (check ontoescape, etc), 16 HARD TOEXPLAIN —p.64 Speculating it could/may bel, explaining (well you see!" just saying that), disagreeing its just that/t just don’t see why) ‘Non-identitying relative clauses ‘or adding information and comments (which who where) Words describing belief and chance {atrandom iby accident, etc) 17 WHAT WE WANT p68 Making requests (can 1/if you could just, etc.) Uses of the -ing form (as adjectives/as subjects/ after verbs and prepositions) Talking about how you spend your time and what you enjoy Gleeping / working at a computer), do v. 20+ -ing {do the washing go sailing) 18 FUTURE NOT p72 GUARANTEED Saying you're uncertain (not sure! hope not, etc.) Speculating about the future (might well/ wil probably, etc), ifs will won't, etc. Words for talking about the future (unlikely tod certain, etc.) 19 ALLTALK p76 Reporting information, expressing reliability (I understand that ‘apparently, etc.) Direct speech v. reported speech? using different tenses Using reporting verbs (ask/say/explain, etc) 20 ALL CHANGE p80 Considering possibilities (ou could Jitid be, etc), finding problems (trouble island anyway, etc.) Second conditional for unreal situations Building compound nouns news programmes health food, etc) PRACTICE UNITS 11020 p.84 WRITING p96 EXTRA ACTIVITIES p99 ‘TAPESCRIPT p.106O1 ae E MIND *+ Practise starting conversations. + Look at different question forms * Lear to record new words in sentences, Find your personal learning style with . Speaking Know your mind 1 Find out the name of everyone in the group. Pronounce it correctly. 1 Think of four things you'd like other people to know about you. Tel the group, 2 Change groups. Talk about people in the frst group, 2 In pairs, do the Mind Quiz. Keep to the time limits. Compare your results in each section, 1 0 10. 1 Occasions sets Think of an occasion when you got 2 number of presents e.g. your birthday. wnat presents did you get? Who gave them to you? 2 People Think of ten people you've talked to in the last seven days. hi Improve your es Get to know your learning styl. + Allten types of memory in the Quiz are useful for learning language. Try using the ones you are good at. Practise the ones you are not so good at * Each Unit in the course contains a learning technique. Use them to learn English faster and remember ittonger. 3 Words ‘th 6 Concepts oa ‘2 What did Neil Armstrong a What’ the difference betweeri say when he stepped onto these words: know, think, the moon? remember, forget, recall, b How many words can you think of for describing people? earn, memorize? b What is an ‘auxiliary verb’? < 7 Spaces and places What's your favourite place like, indoors or outdoors? Describe it. 8 Feelings —,. Sebi “How does it feel to be very happy? Describe te felng_ 4 Music a Sing, whistle, or hum 2 tune you know. bb What tunes go with these words? 'm singin’ in the rain, Just singin’ in the rain. “But more, much more ‘than this, did it my wa . 9 Future area erie Si "What plans have you got? Say the Be TNaderieeaaag of ties 4 _-aangements you have, be? ‘ cA . 10 Recent events sot What presents did your partner’ say he/she got in Question 1? How ‘many presents can you remember? _ 1 “Who gave them? 5 Numbers — How many telephone numbers can you reme wie are they? “er \ ‘ _Y 3 Identify your strengths 11 Which three types of memory did you find easiest? 2 Does your partner agree? How similar are you?Question types 1 Look at two different types of question. Questions with be Are you from South America? b What are your plans for this evening? Object questions © What sort of things do you enjoy doing? d_Did you do anything interesting at the weekend? 1 Find more examples in the Mind Quiz. 2. How do we make questions with be? 3. Make list ofthe auxiliaries we can use to make object questions. 4 Why are they called ‘object’ questions? 2 In groups, find out about your teacher. 1 Write as many questions of each type as you can. 2 Take turns to ask your questions. Don't repeat {questions from other groups. 3 Look at the pattern of these questions. Subject questions fe Who wants to go out this evening? {_How many people want to come? 1 Find two more examples of this type in the Mind Quiz 2 Divide them into two parts. Who wants /t0 go our this evening? 3. How are they different from object questions? 4 Look at these examples of reporting questions. Ni: Against the clock! 6 Seta time limit In pairs, make complete questions. Red wo you do it? 1 (why/you/ decide) to learn English? Why did you decide to learn English? 2 (what/your best) subject at school? (you think (you better at) learning now than you were ten years ago? 4 (what/ your most successful) learning experience? 5 (how /you learn) new words? 6 (rules/help) you learn to use a language? How? 7 (what/"learn’ / mean)? 8 (what/make) learning fun? 8 (you/ think (you/ emember things better when you're having fun? 10 (what /make) people successful learners? 7 Now relax. Change partners. Ask and answer the questions. ‘Questions with be What's your name? ‘Are you good at learning languages? ‘To make a question with be, we invert («——s) the. subject and verb, Reporting questions 'g Doyou know where the restaurant is? hh_What time do you think we should meet? 1 Find another example in the Mind Quiz, 2 Divide them into two parts. Underline the question forms. 3 Correct these reporting questions. 11 Why you think we forget things? 2 You know how we remember things? 3. You can remember what you learned in your first English lesson? ‘4. What methods you think most people use to remember things? Ss Listen to example questions a to h. 1 Underline the stressed words. 2 Uisten again and repeat. Copy the intonation ‘Object questions ‘What does il study at college? (il studies) ‘economics Did you see Sergio yesterday? No, I didn't see him). ‘These questions ask about the object of a sentence (economics/ Sergio) They need an auxiliary, €g. amnion does did, have/has, modal can/ wil, etc. ‘Subject questions Who told you? Hiroshi told me). What happens after lunch? Nothing (happens), ‘These questions ask about the subject (Mirashe They don't take an auxiliary. They neary avais Begin wh Who or what. They are in the same order as the statement (subject / verb/ object), Reporting questions: Where do you think he went? Bo you agree that we should talkin English? ‘There are two verbs in reporting questions. Only the frst ‘one has a question form, e.g. Do you think/agree ...?Reading Get a dog > ® 1 aworerd [Bl ss 2 acquaintance C] = 3 chat Oo + * 5 erat 4chetu = swe If you want to learn a language, get a dog then 1 artived in Moscow. all my fiends and colleagues gave different advice about the best way to Jeam Russian, It is easy to find a teacher: Russi is fll of underpaid (or unpaid) academics who will explain every word and tense fora dollar or talk to people not easy. Russians aejustas reserved as the British when it comes to reeting people. Like the British, they have forgotten whatto do, Some shake hands. Some don't, they just say ‘adravstvuytye’ (hell) and most Russians will reply ‘normalno' (al right’), which is not exactly cheerful. And there the conversation usually ends - 1. March the words with their meanings. @ tak to someone ina comfortable way b uncomfortable the money someone earns at work someone you know a litle © happy 2 Read the article. Explain the tide. without a moment’s awkwardness: he was looking at his dog. "He brought back 24 ducks last year. That's what {call 2 good hunting dog? And before long, we were deep in conversation about his shockingly low and delayed wages. polities, and books; and all ‘without one normalno’ or awkward handshake to make us fel uncomfortable two. Noone, however, suggested getting a dog but that is what we did. And Rupert, as he is called, has introduced me to a large number of Acquaintances. [ean now stand around chatting to local dog owners while our animals run and pla. Temay not sound much, but it is areal achievement in a city where geting to Not so with the dog owners. ‘Look at that Andrei, a complete stranger, said to me The independent 3 What does the article say about... 1 finding a language teacher 3. what to. do and say when you meet people 2 meeting people 4 what acquaintances talk about 4 Tell a partner two ways co meet foreigners in your country. Vocabulary Word groups 1 Add these words to the correct word group. vocabulary tp Afeen you ries a riew wor acquaintance colleague suggest Word group | + Make a note of it, e.g, advice, reserved chat say Peopie _| * Underline the stressed sylable reply cheerful stranger en (advice. teacher dog owner uncomfortable ‘Talking’ verbs | explain + Make anote of howto use Feeings — Towkword | sve advice Tite ge a iflrenk catce) 2 In pairs, how many more words can you add in two minutes? advice + about how to learn Russian) 3. Mark the stress on che words in ex.1 acquointance . 4 Complete the story with the words /endings on the left. them 3 she suggested find/an English conversation group = 4 and she introduced/an American womanListening Greetings 1 Listen to five conversations. Make notes like this for each one. 1 2 2 4 5 + Where are they? + What's happening? + Formal/informal? 2 Listen again. Tick the expressions you hear. [exuseme How're things? [i] whatve you been up to? Chatio [Ei c00d to see you [How are your Gri Lytithere Dhiya Pleased to meet you 3 Which expressions are the most formal? Which are the least formal? English in use Starting conversations 1 Look at these extracts from the five conversations. 1 Look at the four questions in bold. Are they complete/incomplete? Benen These four phrases are very useful for starting conversations. 1 A Can you tell me where the 4H Hither Can you tell me (where/what/ International Department i, please? Hello, hi. Come in. Pleased who when 1? B On the first lor of C Block to meet you, How'e things? TC Helo i |. Hello there I hear you (ve been to Spain). D Hiya, all ight? 6 First of all, would you like What've you been up to? C How're things? Z 2 cup of tea or coffee? Notice that we often use JE Hear you been to Spain. How long 1 Love one. Thought you'd never ask incomplete sentences/ questions for? en in speech, F Just for a week. 5 J. Haven't seen you for ages. E_ Not long enough then, eh! What've you been up to? 2 Tickany incomplete sentences / questions, ® (BB) Wiiea erid: copy thethemasiae 3 Think of a different way of completing the ‘starting phrases’ in che box. Walk around the class. Start different conversations. Speak out Improvise Remember 1 In pairs, choose one of the photos. + Usea variety of ways of stating Where are they? Have they met before? ut? conversations 2 By de to ics Sorta ot 2. Make up their conversation. Don’t write it down ~ just do it. questions. 3 Now be yourself. Talk to one or ewo people + Practise chatting to find out about + Say hello and ask how they are. Find cut your partners recent actuties = Continwe chatting, eg. a to meet later ee) myoy CHANGING WORLD + Practise being imprecise, © Use present tenses to discuss change. * Associate new words with places, to help you remember them, Asia is afore, they soy But Ton, for example, hos o sucessful, modem, copialst economy. I is now the words third largest exporter of high-tech goods Wie computers it believes in doing business end making money. So how is it dierent? One mojor difference, oxording «0 Profesor Jessa L from the Psychology Deporunent of Koohsiung Medial Stroo is thot herein the Wes, we keep work ond fom life separte But in Tiwan there is no difference So, for ‘example, they have the ground Roar ofa building 0s 0 shop or office, and the family lives on te second oor ‘Aso, in Taiwan, Fam businesses stay inthe fami. But os forty firms getbig, they need more people (ie sons) 1 run them. So where do all the sons Speaking Change 1 What has changed in the last year? Write two changes for each circle. ©OOod® 2. In pairs, compare your answers. How do you hope that these things will change over the next two to ten years? Reading Picking out important points 1 Turn to p.99, Find Taiwan and Afghanistan. Describe where they are (near next to/north of .,etc.). What do you know about them? 2 Quickly read about Taiwan, 1 With a highlighter, mark what you understand, For the moment, ignore what you don't understand, 2 Read again. Make notes about + the most surprising thing in the article + similarities between your country and Talwan + differences between your country and Taiwan + hove Taiwan is changing come from? In the words of Professor Lu, ‘from wines without © tle @ rich mon ecides how many sons he will need to nun his business. ond then he finds @ number of ‘wives to provide them. And the wives all lve in the some house, calling each other sisters "There is onty one official wife, recognized by the low’ soys Professor Lu, ‘but the others 3. Compare your notes in pairs. dont mind” This is stil true today, and there will be © conflict when more mult-netionot companies come into Toiwon to invest. And it is changing. but very very slowly, ond these Taiwanese businesses will survive because they hove survived for thousands of years Tm burinese 3. Look at words/ expressions you didn’t understand. Explain them to each other or use a dictionary. 4 Choose up to cen words /expressions to learn. Make a note of them.(GH arcuanistan zm ‘caPITAL CTY Kabul 1 islam “The Talban Movement, since 2 “The Takan dishes Wester iflvences thas + banned 2, —_. ad shed and publi hanged + bum 5 + butkasallowed people to keep © and aslong as they werent sing them + Thechanges donot have public support Large numbers of people ae stil watching 2 and + Shop owners and private ctens have ‘ben ordered to throw out their —.and within 15 days. Vocabulary tip Mentally, put new words and phrases . * in places on a map (see p.99) + inthe place where you learned them * in diferent places around your house, When you want to remember a word, remember where you put it. This memory technique is atleast 2,000 years old! Listening Afghanistan 1 In groups, read about Afghanistan. Guess the missing words. 2 Listen to a news item about Afghanistan. Complete the text. 3 Look at the words in italics. Are they verbs or nouns? 1. Hows Afghanistan changing? 2 What social movement happened in Europe and North America in the 1960: 3 How does the USA influence your country? 4 Are there any bans in your country that you disagree with? 4 Find a form of the italic words from ex.3 in the Fact File, Which three words can be used as either verbs or nouns? § Ask and answer the four questions From ex.3 in pairs. 6 Do these kinds of reports help us to understand other countries? Vocabulary Describing the world 1 Look at these ‘world’ words. How do you pronounce them? Geography People/Culture Politics!Economics an island religious a democracy the mainiand traditional capitalist ‘humid ‘modem socialist mountainous conservative to produce ‘open spaces hard-working to export densely populated ‘a social security system 2 Match each word with one part of pairs. the world. Explain your match in 3 Whar are the nationalities and languages of these countries? Britain Egypt Japan Poland Thailand China France Korea Portugal Turkey Czech Republic Germany Mexico Russia Denmark. Greece Netherlands Spain 4 Pronounce them correctly. Use the table below. “ish -antiantican -ese other Danish Egyptian Japanese, French “These words are always These words are | Most ofthese stressed on the sylable before always stressed on | words are only the-ish,-on, ian, or-ican ending _| the ese ending. cone slabWhen you are talking about the present you can: 1 describe the status quo. Allife needs water. ‘The Earth goes round once every 24 hours. 2 describe changes to the status quo. ‘2 Changes happening now: ‘The Earth is getting warmer. || b changes up tonow: | The present ‘The Earth has got warmer in the last 100 years. 1 Do the Quiz in pairs. Circle a, b, or € each time. THE 4 People grow crops on i of TWENNS quiz * eee 11 The Earth goes round the sun once a f. aday b month eyear 2 The moon goes round the Earth once every i days. al2 b2 35 3 There are about 1 independent countries in the world. 75 b200 _¢400 a 1% b 10% 5 About fil of the worlds Population lives incites 210% b 40% 80% 6 The biggest continent is (43,608,000 sq kms), a Altica b Asia €S. America 7. The world spends about (i billion a year on ‘defence’ 525 _b $300 € 50% © $800, 2 In pairs, say the answers, Remember the sentences. | 1 Check your answers on p.99, 2. Answer questions 1 to 8. Urs melee) | Wte ive (1 o False (For your county. ve ULI tha beter or et fot o Piney iegaimtanysdingngtectele | 2. Wete forgetting our trodtons. o erties Scr rass Foran o Jn your opinion 5 Hos your country changed for the better in the lost ten yeors? 6 Has marriage gone out of fashion? 7. Have people in the towns forgotten simple things — like where their food comes from? '8 Hes life become less fun in the last ten years or so? ee 11 Which questions ask about changes happening now? 2. Which questions ask about changes up to now? 3 Look at the True/False sentences (1 to 4) again. Make them all true for your country. Life is getting better fora few people, and worse for most Against the clock! 4 Seta time limit In pairs, make sentences / questions. Are these sentences True (1) or False (F) for you personally? 1 1 (not change) haven't changed much since Twas a child. 2 can stop learning now because | (learn) —_ everything I need, 3. My closest friends are people I (meet) the last two years. OOO te) oo ag 4 Sometimes I (not know) where (life take) 5 1 (stil look) for the right job or career 6 Things (usually happen) to me by chance. 7 1 not usually enjoy) change. 8 1 (rot look? for change at the moment: Vim happy as tam. ‘Answer these questions. 9 (you think) of changing jobs in the near future? 10 (you stop) changing? 21. (your interests be) different now from two years ago? in your life so far? something inthe future that (you 22 (what improve) 1B (there be) ty) to-achieve in life? 14 (you think) _____ it’s important for people to change? 15 (you decide) —___ what your next change is going to be? 16 (you currently walt) {or somethina to happen 5 Now relax. Choose ten of the questions or T/F sentences. Interview someone, 6 Write an example for each tense in the chart. ‘Translate the examples. What eense do you use in your language? Present simple _| Present continous | Present perfect describing now | current changes | changes up tonow | pn —lannnp—— Now Now ‘Now | | | 3Steve uses these expressions when he doesn’t want to be precise. about the population of Hong Kong is, its about six milion a large number of there are a large number of islands tend to there tend to be, open spaces and then very densely populated ereas upto The humidity can be sometimes up to about 100%, Steve also uses these expressions. a far as ... is concerned As far as the climate's concerned, Inthe summer, it reaches 34° the sort of place where Its the sort of place where everybody has to be responsible for themselves financially. Remember + Use present tenses to describe status quo and change. + Include the vacabulary you've studied to describe people, polities, geography, et. * Try to.use ‘vague’ phrases when you can'tdon't want to be precise. English in use Being vague r 1 True or false? Decide in pairs. 11 The population of Hong Kong is six milion 2 Hong Kang consists of two islands. 3 Part of Hong Kong is on the mainland of China, 4 Hong Kong is very densely populated — there are no open spaces. 5 Insummer, the temperature reaches 45, degrees and hurnicity can be 100%. 6 There are 19,000 restaurants in Hong Korg. 7 There isa social security system. 2 [i Listen to Steve, Were you right? 3 Listen again + Notice the first four expressions from the Vague expressions box. 2 Complete the ‘Did you know?’ text. Use each expression twice. 1 There are about. 200 independent 6 There be an ice age every “countries inthe warld, 1100 milion years. 2 Afghans watch satelite 7 earthquakes occur in a channels on TV. ‘ing around the Pacific Ocean, 3 ‘50% of people inthe called ‘The Ring of Fie’. world have never seen a telephone, Cities have 10% less Fay 4 People in iceland have two snow and 10% more cloud than BS jobs because life Isso expensive. the countryside. FEW 5 Human beings are 1 million years old. ) 4 Find expressions from the Vague expressions box which .. * describe a place by giving an example —*_‘introduce a new topic $ (BB) Listen. Which country do you think this is? 6 BEB) Listen and copy the intonation. 7 Use the expressions. Say three things about your country. + something you are proud of + something you don't like very much + what you like best Speak out Talking about your country 1 What should people know about your count to know about other countries, e.g. peop 2 Choose a topic(s). In pairs, make notes at + what it tke now oho + hows changing “+ what you ti _- =" 3 Take turns to talk about your country. ,0) RIFE STO Nae + Practise telling stories and using {question tags. + Talk about things that have happened with past simple present perfect Look at vocabulary for taking about ie stages. Vocabulary tip Put words /phrases in 2 logical order. in the order they ahways happen (birth, citahood ..., ete) + inthe order they've happened to you {went to college. met Frances... etc ‘The order neede't be ‘correct'— its | only to help you remember. Waris Dirie deserts of twas ather called husband! We have arran wane away. as fight ‘weeks, | waked thro amels’ That ak n earn £5,000 a day!" Speaking and vocabulary Stages of life 1 Find these life stages in the photos. Which is the best? Why? + achild + amarried couple with young children + ayoung adult (17-30) + amiddle-sged couple 2. Think about life events. In pairs, A turn co p.99, B to p.103. 3 Choose ten life events. Choose an order for them which means something to you. Then remember your lists in pairs. Reading Nomad 1 What qualities does someone need to become successfl from nothing? Think of four 2 Read about Waris Dirie. In pairs, decide on: 1 the four most important events in her life 2 three pieces of luck 3. two examples of strength and determination 3 Tell a partner about someone you admire. finally | got to my aunti's house in Mogadishu ‘Aunties husband was an ambassador and in a few montne | flew 10 Britain to work at his London house. ‘One day.a photographer called Michael Goss saw me in the steel. He took my picture and the photographs were beautiful "You should try and do modeling’ he told me. When my aunt and unde retumed to Affica, | stayed in London. found a place to stay and got aj at MeDonalds, Then one day | took Michael Goss's photographs to an agency They sent ime to a studio, and my picture appeared on the cover of the Piel calendar. Soon after at, the agency got me a part in the James Bond fm The Living Doyighs. That was seven years ago. Snce then Ive done modeling a over the werd and Ive appeared in magazines such as Vogue and Ele have even hosted the US music programme Sou Trin. Once, | was worth five camels. Now can earn up to €5,000 for one day's work | have gone from the bottom to the top. Tvouke|The past simple and the present perfect [eres es +» [1] Etzabeth Blackwell was the frst woman doctor > [7 bucreatl, she wanted tobe doctor « [1] butshe qualfedas adoctorin 1848 4 [7] Arter that, she workedin Europe for ‘afew years and then went back "New York an opened an al-women hospital in 1857 + Ll) she died in London in 1910 when she was 89. family, [1] butane fnaty gota pace at medical schoo! er flow students refused ato her, 4 [1] she was bomin Bristol Ensland in 1821 and the family ved there unt she was 11, bu then they moved to New York yo] The medical scho's in New York Gy refused totake her because she was awoman, 1 [Her father ied when she was 17,50 she let school and became a teacher to support the 1 Read about Elizabeth Blackwell. Number the sentences in order. 1 What tense are all the verbs in? Do they describe finished periods or unfinished periods? 2. What jobs’ do the linking words / phrases in bold do? ‘Alter that’ — describes the order of events The ‘closed’ past ‘The past simple isthe usual tense for talking about the past. We use itto describe events and periods which finished inthe past. Heft school early because Ihated it. NOW ot ‘We moved house three times when | was young, | eee We stayed in Montreal fr ive years. tive years] > We use it to say + that something happened, or was true. Thad a dog once. + when things happened. We got married five years ago/in 1996, + what order things happened in. We got married and then moved here. We use itto tell stories: walked for three weeks. Finally, I got to the city 2 Read the sentences, Who is it? e's been moried twice and has ive cilron. e's been to college ond hos a teaching qualification. He's worked as a primary school teocher Hes been unemployed. He's ployed with a bond colled The Police and he's been ‘solo artist for mony years. He's written a lot of best-selling songs, They've made ‘im a pop superstr. He's helped to rise money for The Rainforest Foundation’ which works with Amazonian Indians. 3. Look at sentences a to g in ex.2 again. 1 What tense are the verbs int 2 Dothe sentences tell ou ...? + whathe does now (schoolteacher, married, etc) * when he did these things The ‘collective’ past ink of the present perfect as a kind of netin which you collect past experiences. We use the present perfect: + totak about our collection of life-time experiences. He's had three jobs and been married twice. + to describe the present result of past events, His songs have made him a pop superstar. BUT NOT to say when events happened, OR what order they happened in, OR to tell a story about them, Against the clock! 4 Seta time limit In pairs, choose the correct verb forms. 1 Waris Dire's photograph was/has been on the Piri calender in 1988 2 Waris Diriewas/has been very lucky inher life 3 Waris Dire worked/has worked fst as a model, then asan actress, 4 Sting became /has been a solo artist ever since helt The Police, 5 Sting wrote/has written ‘Every Sreath You Take’ half an hour one night 6 The Rainforest Foundation made has made more than £2 millon inthe period up to 93 5 Now relax. Make six sentences about your parents. ‘their childhood + work meeting/marriage + where they've lived the last few years + their schooldays education They met when they were at school ‘My dad's been a teacher and an engineer. They've lived in Madrid since 1974Listening Determination 1 Read the beginning of the story. What do you think it’s about? Rainforest man’s long journey to Oxford Indian goes from hunting monkeys in the jungle to studying politic a university ‘Miguel Hilario lft his simple village lien the ‘Amazon jungle for the academic life asa student mt Oxtor i 2. Listen co a radio interview with Miguel. 1 Put these phrases in the order they happened. i tour or fve days ina canoe tothe closest city, Pucalipa EE) my dad trained me to survive in the jungle/fshing, hunting, canoeing Zt was on the street for two months leftover food from the Chinese restaurant LL a Peruvian family gave me food in exchange for work i a scholarship to study in Texas, then Oxford i worked during the day; went to school at night /taught myself Spanish i some missionaries offered me a place to stay and ajob Gi turther education in Lima 1 1 studied theology and inguisties 2. What kind of person do you think he is? 3 Listen again. 1. What were Miguel's answers to these questions? 11 What was your life lke when you were growing up there? So how did you get to your frst school, then, to get your education? You were taken in by a Peruvian family, there, weren't you? How ld you live when you were in Lima? ‘And you then gat a scholarship to study in Texas, didn’t you? 2 Check your answers with the Tapescript on p. 106. 4 What do you think of Miguel and Waris Dirie, and their lives so far? 1 Comgare them using these words/phrases. Adjectives Nouns: They are ... They've needed... They've had ... determined ambitious determination ‘good luck/bad luck similar strong, strength success different successful_imagination ambition 2 What are the five essentials for success? 5 Imagine you made a big change in your life. Where would you go and what would you do? 14 PEsstories are often told in the Sve stages. It is useful to ‘the kind of language used jevroduction to the story: what kind of story it is age 2 ‘The beginning of the story: pow it started age 3 ‘The main events in order Stage 4 ‘The end: often saying how shings are now Siege 5 nal comment about the story ress ion tags (weren't you? / n't you?) are often used to up a topic. In interviews often mean: know this, Id ike to know more.’ emember + Use the stages of telling a story ~ Use simple past and present perfect correctly to describe events and experiences. ~ Open up your questions with question tags. + Use the vocabulary of life events to describe stages of your life. English in use Telling true stories in conversation 1 Match the events in Miguel’s story to stages 1 to 5 in the box. |— and he went to school, fist ofall in rainforest town, and then to college in Lima, and then he went to study in the United States, |— This isa heart-warming story of real determination. [E]— nihich shows the remarkable lengths ‘people will go toto avoid Sting! [Z)— tts about this young man from Peru, bom in the rainforest, but he had a dream that he would be educated, [Z]— ane then finaly he's now ended up 35a postraduate student at Oxford Unversity, 2 [BQ] Listen to someone telling the story. Check your answers. 3. Underline some of the expressions from the box below in Miguel’s story. Use them to quickly tell the true story of Waris Dirie, Sting, or someone else. sions for telling true stories Stage 1 Stage 2 stage 3 Stage 4 This is a (funny sad terrible, etc) story Is about (my father/someone | met at college) First, and, (and) then, next, after that, etc. (+ simple past) ‘and so/finally/in the end (he got what he wanted) ‘and so now (he's very happy/she's become very rich) which ( think is awful/ great) 4 Look back at the interviewer's questions co Miguel (Listening ex.3).. Which questions did she already know the answers to? § Write the question tags for these questions, 1 You went to schoo! in Rome, ? 2 You were the second daughter, ___? 3 You were an only child, 4 And then you went to university 5 You started playing volleyball when you were 16, __? 6 Listen and check. Then repeat. Copy the intonation. Speak out Your life story 1. Make a diagram like this of your life so far. childhood 0-5 BIRTH ~ at: ‘brother born universty 18-21 os 1 Divide into four or five stages. Add approximate ages. 2 Add notes about the most important events, e.g. university ~ met Sylvia 2 In pairs, swap diagrams and interview each other. Essen asin ‘got job with BM04 SOMETHING TO DO Speaking Practise getting information and 1 active listening. A good time Look at uses ofthe gerund (ing) and A Garceanba Gea feneteck 1 Can you remember two recent hich you really enjoyed? “alk about things you enjoy; make | 2 Look at the photos. Describe whar’s happening. ‘suggestions and respond. Reading | 15 ways to enjoy — Things to do } the weekend 1 In groups, think of things to do in a free weekend .. Next weekend, why not do with friends by yourself ! something different? Here are some suggestions to get you going! 1 Go stling Get some fiends together Things ve done [Things fdlike todo [Things | wouldn't like to do ‘and find a dry sk slope near you. 2 Kick a football around All you ‘needs some spaceandafewfriends. 3 Has the article given you any other ideas? Make more suggestions in 3 Second-hand. shops You might roups. Vote for the two bes ‘even find something valuable. Or try Bene ie ie roe tot nd el ome of your own ol stuff G Cant afford the Carlbbean? § Be a tourist Go on a guided tour of 12 Have a pleniec Andifitrains, just have 2 Read the article. Write the numbers of the activities in each column. ‘Then give yourse_a mini beach your nearest city. You be surprised | itonthe floor at home! holiday inthe garden. Get yourse how much younevernoticed before’ 45 Get away Ifyou vein the cy, ren 4 long cold drink and spend the day @ Make @ splash Go down to the ‘country cottage with some friends for oS from your favourite ‘swimming poo! and jump off the diving the weekend, or go camping. pee board. 4 Learn something new It'snever too 5 Go window shopping sire! 40) Gofying Many companies these days late to take upanew interest Flamenco G Lazy entertaining Ask your |” cantoheyouupina two-seaterplaneor dancing, Arean érumming, Rerstre, fends round for dimer. Ask each hotarballoon order Andmostofle’ _orcar mechan. one to bring a diferent couse, so anbtroductowtessonathallpnce. 45 Relax Rent a few of your favourte ‘here less work or you! 11 Discover history Wherever youlve, fms on video. Make i ino. a rea 7 Surprise an old friend Telephone Lyour local tourist office will give you cinema event: buy some popcom, turn someone yo havent spoken to for deta of caste, Stone Age camp, or the lights down fw, and inte some ‘ages and havea good ong chat fancent monument nea you. fends round a =mListening A full life ate 1 Magnus Collins is a musician and he’s blind. 1 Which of the activities on the let do you thine probably enjoys? ‘Ballooning 2. [Ea] Uisten, Tick the ones he mentions. the guitar 2 Listen again. What else does he say about ...2 iter + why he enjoys these things * how often he does them ‘off diving boards ‘Compare in pairs. Then check with the Tapescript on p.106. 3. Which of Magnus’s leisure activities do you think would be difficult for a blind person? Why? What sort of person do you think he is? Vocabulary Having fun 1 Tick the things in the circle you gh enjoy regularly. 2 Tick the sentences you agree with. YOU TFEBL — — THINGS | DO. THINGS | DONT. DO really enjoy dancing () 6 toccastonaity ike togo [] 9 tdontreallyitke [-] Hove jumping offthe diving board inthe [_] _ to. aclassical concert. the Beatles. 1 poo. 7 igorothepubwhenever [_] 10 rmnot verykeen [} museums thesedaysare great. [_] __! get a chance ‘on sport Biss grest way 15 eta [E] 8 tke ro go camping (11 Pe quite/reatiy tke ] sealesarestilone of my favourte [=] Whenever I get the time 10 go up inahovair balloon. 3 Use the phrases in bold. In pairs, how many interests do you share? I really enjoy playing the guitar. 4 Whar do you think of these six suggestions? In pairs, cake turns to read out the suggestions. Reply from the Yes /No box below. What about going am tothe pub? 1 — There's a dry-ski slope near here. 4 — We could always go away Why don’t we go skiing? somewhere for the weekend 2— Let's go into London forthe day. 5 — What about just going out fora real together? 3 | think we should hive a car and i {0 into the country. 6 — How about cooking something ourselves, together? That's a nice idea. Its ance idea, but... (I can't drive). That's a great idea. Oh, it’s too ... far / complicated expensive). Yeah. Let's do that. Mmm, | don’t really tke ... (skiing). 1 don't really feel like it $5 What can you do where you are now? Agree on what to do together.Infinitive and gerund 1 What are infinicives and gerunds? Match the items. 4 Look again at groups to G. Match them to the s 5 ¢ descriptions below. 1 tan a todrive i 3p 2 Ireallyenjoy b drive. i =infritve with to oO prepositions (about fon.) e 3 Idlike € driving. il =infnivewithoutto >) come verbs of feeling ane 2 Translate sentences 1, 2, and 3. Do you use all iis levetangoyfhats = iW three forms in your language? [1 tike 1 overhate when you mean ‘Vsometimes do. (often tke t0 | « to» infinitive Infinitives and gerunds are ways of using verbs. fewenswitt) ‘We usually usea verb to describe that an activity or event |) would» ke ove rate... happens: ‘ive in Barcelona, bets. Wy dont we 27 We play tennis every weekend, Why not..? fe + infinitive Pieter drives to work. [i modal verbs: can /coutd/ will) But sometimes we want to make a comment about the would/maylmight, etc. activity event so we use the inintive or gerund. |Ldon't lke living in Barcelona, {dlke to play tennis more often. aa [can't drive. 3 Complete these phrases. | At Gk) sking 2 go (shop) | 3 soit | Messe) Against the clock! | B 5 Youmghteven (ind) something eb acai: 5 Seta time limic ee | si ish canoutiea ul eh ius sh che senoences with ve nthe ininiive ina two-seater plane Se peri 7. Your local tourist office wil (give) 4} Tha pot reece yeuaaiaes 2 twouldn’tlke 8 I think we should (hire) __acar. 2 doa tartt a 4 thate © 9 Healy enjoy (dance) =: fSeasiniaty ihe 10love jump) off the diving boar. Tei vot rpai ely OS 11 loccasionaly tke (go) to classical 7 I shoulde't.. concert. 8 lets. 12 lke (go) camping whenever get the 9 This evening, why don’t we time. 10 This weekend, | think I'll ... E13 ld quit ie (go) —— up ina hot-air balloon. § now relax, Compare with a partner. 14 tdreally hate go) rock climbing sci cect aan einer ieee eae aa ee en you are trying to learn grammar rules, 16 Let's (go) into London forthe day Tee bivases WHC tines aaina G17 What about (go) ‘out for a meal + Make @ note of phrases which say things you want to say. together? ‘= Write them in groups according to their grammar. If 18 I'mnot keen on (cook) for other you can remember which group they are in, you will peor remember the grammar rule. ‘ is 04 SOMETHING TO D0]English in use Getting information 1 Gilly is phoning the tourist office in Boston. Look at her notes. Make questions. What's the weather like in late August? Listen to her conversation, 11 What four things does she ask about? 2 Listen again. What information does the clerk give her? 3 What would you do in Boston? 3 [BB] Listen to Gilly again. Semntg facia? 1 Complete these phrases. > seaehel?| 1m thinking of coming over to . = epercletire taesier? a eee 2. Iwas wondering if you could give me some general information about . hele recanted 3. was wondering if you could tell me (es 4 with regard to swimming, do you 2 iat 5 Regarding hotels, should | + Treo png rena? 2 Listen again ané repeat. Copy the intonation. 3 Test each other in pairs. Give your partner the first word. I they can't remember the whole phrase, give them the second word and so on. 4 In pairs, practise with your own endings. ‘'m thinking of coming over to Tours next... 4 Look at Tapescrip (p.106). 1 Complete the list of expressions in the Active listening box. 2 What words and phrases (and noises) do you use in your language? seed the clerk use ons like OK/Oh, fine, etc. hrases help conversations == They mean ‘I'm listening/ and’. § Roleplay conversations between a tourist and a clerk. CLERK Decide where you want to give information about, e . your own ity area, or somewhere you have been. TOURIST Decide what questions you are going to ask. Make notes lke Gil’s. Speak out Travel agents 1 In groups, choose a holiday destination. Plan a holiday, Use these ideas. ld evening activites acco Ocatt plac “Sse the vocabulary for leisure ‘special events (e.g. barbecues) ee ae sports activi ‘Semember to use infinitive and gerund forms correctly. 2 Find a partner from another group. ry 10 use expressions for getting -tormation. 1 Tell your partner the location of your holiday. ‘Prectse including phrases to say 2 Find out as much as you can about your partner's holiday. Would you like to ‘p= listening and | understand. ‘go there?* Lear how to give indirect answers to questions. * Practise using comparatives of adjectives and adverbs, * Look at vocabulary for describing ‘daily routines, lifestyle, and health. Are teenagers lazy? ‘Teenagers who don’t get up in the morning are brighter and more sucess ‘A. study of student seep. by researchers in the USA found. that teenagers who getup early are often tied and cant concentrate inc. “Young chdren ove to ger up erly bat teenagers have a iferentbolgial lack sys Mary Karsan of Brown University, Rhode land. Hee esearch showed that teenagers rately got slap and wate up er than normal spot bilgi reson. Tow many American schools have changed the stat of thr morning classes from7 300830 oc cven 900, ‘One teacher sai, ‘When school began 2872, haf the students were almost ask farthest hou. Since we changed {0830 the hs are more active and they xe kearing more oily Mat Speaking Lifestyle 1 Inone minute, tick things from the circle chat are important in your life. 2. What’s missing? Add one or two words that describe your lifestyle. 3 In pairs, ask questions about your partner's choices. What lo you mean by ‘tan’? Why is ‘work’ important to you? Reading The biological clock 1 When do you do the chings on chis ‘time line’? Write the times. ‘Compare in groups. sleep 8 hours' work/ schoo! ft $$$ $$$ —_—__—« goto bed getup finish work school 0 to bed 2 True (/) oF false (x)? Complete the ‘You’ column. Opinions Young children lke getting up early. Teenagers have trouble getting up in the morning. Teenagers are lazy. 7 ai ‘Teenagers don't function well f they get up early. a School should start later for teenagers. oO 3 Read the article. 1. What opinions does it give? Complete the chart in ex.2 above for "The article’ 2. What reason do the researchers give for their ideas? 3. Underline five new words or phrases in the article to remember. Then cover the article. Use the words and phrases to explain your own opinion,Listening Vox pop* 1. What advice have you heard about these things? 1 Winat time should people goto bed? 2 What's the best arnount of sleep to have? 3 What causes insomnia? 4, What should you do if you can’t sleep? * Alot of ornary people’ comments recorded ina st 2 Listen to people answering the four questions, 1 How many answers can you hear? 2 impairs, how many answers can you remember? Listen again and check. 3 Listen again and complete. Ansarlynightis. better for you. les better to sleep ... Just sleep when... I would ike to have about... 1 7 The best amount of sleep to haves . 2 3 4 5... would benice. 6 C 8 I think you function better on ... rather than 9 The more you sleep, the more ... 10 I can't goto sleep ifm They say, for old people, it’s about ..11 I get up and ‘omplete che phrases with your own opinions. Do you all agree? Vocabulary Routines and health nate 1M) Against the clock! In groups, make a list like this of everyday ny activities, The first group to reach 20 shouts ‘Stop!’. Read out the list. se phrases so that you remember Morning ‘Afternoon Evening / night =e word AND how to use it. al wake up st words together with similar or 2epasite meanings. if they have an order, put them in order. have a cup of tea / coffee wren you've made a spidergiam, fut it away and try to write it again 2 Group the phrases from the box in a spidergeam like this. I'm... active / lazy | fit | physical feelings and states 90 to bed Heel..worried | { ‘emotions —— LIFESTYLE & HEALTH — adverbs more exercise tosleep problems ‘can't go tosleep Ican't concentrate hhave a cup of hot milk 90 to bed earlier 3 Close your book. How many phrases can you remember? 4 Doa Health Questionnaire. In pairs, turn to p.99.+ — Comparatives of adjectives and adverbs 1 In pairs, compare yourselves. 1 Which of you is...? taller/shorterolder/younger ftter/iess Mt darker farer 2 And which of you's... ? active careful about food etl serious interested in health 3 Whatis the difference between the adjectives in 1 and the adjectives in 2 above? 2 Think of some more differences between you. 1 Putthe adjectives in the correct column below. Comparative adjectives aoe more .. tall short ft old active careful young. dark fair serious interested 2 Tell another partner about the differences you have discussed. Juan is taller than me. 3. Compare the lives of people today /150 years ago. 1 Tick the sentences that you think are true. Adj/Adv a Life is harder these days. People work harder these days. TF Oo O € Most people ved iongerthen | [7] oO o o than they do now. 1d. Most people are healthier than they were then, ‘@ Most people had better food then, butless oft 4 These days, everyone tries to do better all the time. 2 Change the false sentences to make them true. 3 Which sentences have adjectives and which have adverbs? Write Ad) or Adv, Comparative adverbs ‘Many comparatives can be used with verbs or with nouns, ie, the adjective and adverb form is the sarne +verb — |.can work better in the evenings. ‘+noun My concentration is better inthe evenings ‘The most common are: Oa anaes ee asi carefully cheerful ee mere {.can work more easiy in the evenings. BUT My work is easier this term, : Against the clock! 4 Seta time limit Complete these sentences. 1 Everything is (fast) faster and (efficient) these days. 2 We do everything (fast) and (efficient) these days. 3 People were (happy) then because they accepted things (easy) 4 People enjoyed fe a lot) ____inthose days. 5 People had (bad) housing, (bad) medicine, and (ite) funa hundred years ago. 6 Things are getting (good) all the time, but people think they're getting (ead) —__1 7 Inthe past, people started work (eary) and finished (ate) than we do. 8 These days, we can travel far) and (quick) 5 Now relax. Think of three more differences. Use a comparative in each one. 6 Who do you think live longer ~ tall people or short people? 1 Inpair, A turn to 100, B to p.103. Read your article. Remember what it says. Don't make notest 2 Compare what you have read, Whats the truth, do you thinke 3 What changes can we make to our lifestyles to live longer? List your suggestions. Then compare your ideas with the class.English in use Being indirect 1 Add three more things in each column. Compate in pairs. ‘Things! should do more ___| Things | should do less/l shouldn't do exercise eat frultand vegetables | eat chocolate smoke read watch TV/videos 2 Listen to Will having a health check. Complete the chart. How much? (OK / not OK? Do you believe him? smoking drinking 3. Complete these extracts from the conversation. ‘often, we want to say that Nurse Ais you a smoker? name BOUL 3's only party true, Will Notredlly, no, um, i, do occasionally smoke a cigar 2 couple of or possibly nd Isuppose cr approximate. We use: itvaries . per inceltd phrases ‘occasionally eties | mbetween activities Vocabulary Describing emotional reactions 1 Complete the gaps with -ed or -ing adjectives. 1 embarrass- Everyone feels embarrassed about something English people find wages very —_____ to tak about. 2 excit Itsthe most ___ thing ve ever done. elt so 3 exhaust: —_venever been so Itlooks realy 4 frighten it's the most fim ve ever seen There was a time when | was feally 5 relax. I've never been so Ws the most ___ thing | do, 6 invoh it’s the most activity can think of You get totally _ init. 2 Why are these wrong? What should you say? 1 1was very boring, 2 Iwas 50 embarrassing. 3 Areyou exciting? 4 You look totally exhausting 5 ‘ce! irightening 3 Talk about how you feel 1 Putthese adjectives into groups inthe chart. Mark the stress confused excited surprised embarrassed exhausted frightened involved miserable relaxed interested happy bored emotional violent confident attracted (to someone) Good feelings [Bad feelings | Neither good nor bad often feel | don't often feel pt use linking expressions as see Sescrbe your trips. secede 3 wide variety of secabulary to talk about activities see fetings. ‘%= you listen to other people, pectse using agreeing seressions. 2. Find out when your partner has those feelings and why. Speak out The dream experience 1. Write on a piece of paper an experience which you think everyone should have in their life. Change papers with another group. 2 Imagine you own the company ‘Real Dreams’. Choose one or two experiences. Plan trips to give people those experiences. Make notes under these headings. DESTINATION |[ DURATION |[THE EXPERIENCE]| FEELINGS |[_ BENEFITS 3. Describe your trips to other groups. Which trip sounds the best? TONS08 GETTING THROUGH? Speaking Practise using ‘telephone English’ i + ate are arangements wan wn, | Making contact sFoing to, present continuous, 1 How do you most like @ / least like @ to contact people? Talk about the effects ofthe phone + tdethe chewt on ourlives. ‘astranger_|afriend [your parents | someone special send an e-mail send a post card write a letter phone meet face to face 2 Compare in groups. Explain your choices. 2: Against the clock! In pairs, A cur co p.100, B to p.103. Explain your phrases. Which pair can finish first? Listening A busy social life 1 In pairs, what do photos A to D tell you about Tom’s social life? \ 2 Tom calls wo friends, Gareth and Nick. Listen. 1 Which two pictures goth cal? Cand] 2 Which two pictures gowith Cal'2?,— -Jand [-] 3 Listen again. Complete Tom's notes about the two calls. Gareth ~ football Niok - camping Gareth —> pub wit Meet im the __ at Will call me back around vm Bring 4 What do they say about these? Check with the Tapescript on p.108. Mike aura » eycling 5 List five things that you've done with friends. Talk about your lists. When did you last go (camping)? Where did you go? Who with? What happened? © What was ilike?‘ure arrangements Look at these sentences from Tom’s phone calls. Match them with their uses (a to d) from the ‘Making arrangements box below. + Are you watching the game tonight? 2. Are you going to watch the football tonight? 3 (Mike) is finishing work at five and then he’s going to give me a call 4 i cll you back later, shall 5 |'m just about to go home now. 5 Well, ll give you a call there then, Against the clock! 000 OO8 ding arrangements use several different tenses to talk about the future. arrangements you already have = present continuous going to suggestions 2 i endshalll-.? | 4 Now relax. Change partners. Have a similar ‘guarantees ae conversation. Make an arrangement for this evening, ‘thevery next thing you're = (be} about to soingto do § Practise making arrangements. 1. Make a diary like this. Write down three things you're doing over the next seven days. Look at this sentence. Dieu youre gonna 7 Seyett how where yore gente go? + ii) usten and repeat three sentences. 2 Contract these sentences in the same way. 1. Are you going to go out this evening? 2 What are you going to do? 3 Iwill meet you there, shall? 4 Dey 2 Think of four or five other things you would like to do. wih peopl tn the cas, 3 Now make arrangements with as many people as you 3 [Ei usten, check, and repeat. can Filyour diary Do you know where you are meeting thern? |'am just about to have dinner. Vocabulary Telephone phrases 1. Match these phrases. 1 mokerhave = [BJ]. aon 2 call/phone/ring 1] b anarrangement 3 speak Hc tosomeone 4 hold C4 someone Ssbulary tp 5 answer/get-C] _e caling? {are thousands of word 6 Giveme O tel =miinations to learn in English. Zmaksaphone C] ¢ phone. eee ine Bshesonthe = EE] aringsacal "Test yourselt, or work with afriend WHOS Edt ieepre and test each other. 2 Cover each side. Say che whole phrase. Test a partner.We use standard expressions and responses to guide the stages of an informal phone call 1. Answer the phone eth Hello, Say hello Tom __ Hi, Gareth, It's Tom, Gareth Hello Tom. Tom How are you doing? 2 Discuss arrangements Tom — Are you watching the - sme tonight? eC ON ccc Tom Are you going to watch spicata Finish arrangements Gareth All right then. 3 General chat (about Laura) 4 End the phone call Gareth Anyway, I'l give you call later, yeah? Tom Excellent. Say goodbye Gareth Allright then, see you fon Se - a SS 3 Look at these phrases. 1 Which ones re said... a byaperson —_b byamachine? If you know the extension number you require, please dial it row. I you need assistance from the operator, please hold. For credit card bookings, please press one, can you hold, please? [im putting you through now. Hello, you're through to Credit Card Bookings, can help you? 2 Translate the phrases in bold, English in use Guiding a phone call 1M Against the clock! In groups, what phrases do people use on the phone? Which group can write the most phrases in five minitifes? 2. In pairs, look at the Expressions and responses box. 1. What do the phrases in bold mean? Write them in the Expressions colurnn Expressions Responses Who's that? = Hello Hits b__What did you say? ae Let's fish talking about that. = _Imready to end the phone call e_ Say goodbye. 2 Now write the response which comes after each expression. 3 Complete the gaps in Tom's next call. Then check with the Tapescript on p.108. ‘Answer the phone ick’s mother Double five three six four oh. Hi, can speak to Nick, please?” Getting Nick Nick's mother, Tom «Thank you very, much, End the call Tom. Say goodbye i Ss Tom 4 Listen and repeat. Copy the intonation.sce several different ways of ‘Yes’ and ‘No’. Note that it sound rude to say just ‘no’ to estion. OX. Right, Fine, Excellent, Great ‘con't know, m not sure hen I asked my daughter (16) hich item she would keep: the yehone, the car, the cooker, the -omputer, the TV, or her boyfriend, she ‘21d “the phone’. Personally, could do ‘eithout the phone entirely. Which makes me unusual, Because the Seephione is changing our tives more ‘an any other piece of technoloay. “Point 1 The telephone creates the feced to communicate, in the same way fat more roads create more traffic. "My daughter comes home from schoo! _ =4.00 pm and then spends an hour on ‘= phone talking to the very people ‘2 has been at school with all day. if ‘2 phone did not exst, would she have -zrything to talk about? Point 2 The mobile phone means that see are never alone. “The mobile saved “ny life’ says Crystal Johnstone. She fad an accident in her Volvo on the Remember Include some of the language you've practised to talk about social activities. Use the correct tenses for making future arangements, “Ty to include as many telephone phrases and responses as you can. 5 Look at the postcard ie are coming deen te Bag ner from Adrien. detheomaltgier iw FZ 1 Youtiketoseethern 23rd staging antic the | ec butcant make te 23rd, Tadao Weds ~ an Tans Tinkofasutableeply shane petting tetnr? | 2 Wd Uw suggesting amecting. Wud lan 19 ata you all again. | Arundel 2 Inpairssitbacktoback, Lets of low w. Sussex Roleplay the phone call. _ fares | pu aus Reading Never alone with the phone 1 How many ways can you use the phone system? local calls, the Internet. 2 Read ‘Phone Power’ i examples from the article of how the phone, a improves our life, and b makes it worse. 3 How does the phone affect your life? ‘A45 between Otley and Skipton. Trapped inside, she managed to make the call that, Drought the ambulance to her rescue. Point 3 The mobile removes our privacy It allows Marketing Manager of Haba Deutsch, Car! Nicolaisen, to ring his sales staff all round the world at any time of day to ask where they are, where they are ‘going, and fow their last meeting went. Point 4 The telephone separates us ‘Antonella Bramante in Rome says, ‘We worked in separate offices but 1 could see him through the window. It was easy to get Speak out Making phone calls able his number. It was avery passionate seduction ~ but we didn’t meet forthe first two weeks!” Point 5 The telephone allows us to reach ‘ut beyond our ovrn lives. Today we can talk to several complete strangers simultaneously on chat lines (at least my daughter does. wouldn't know what to talk about). We can talk across the world. We can even talk to astronauts (if you know any) while they're space-walking. And, with the phone line hooked upto the computer, we can access the Internet, the biggest library on Earth. NT] 1 In groups, look at the mobile phone pictures. 11 Who could be speaking to whom? What are they taking about? 2 Suggest fve or six phrases or sentences they might be saying, 2 In pairs, make up a phone conversation 1 Choose two of the photos. 2 Make up the conversation between them and practise it. 3 Perform it or recor for the class.On + Practise expressions for responding to good bad news. * Look at present continuous, going to, will, and present simple for planning the future, * Learn vocabulary for special oceasions, SEASON’S GREETINGS? ‘Oh nol Christmas again. More than birthday parties, more even than wedding receptions, Christmas is, ‘above all, the occasion 1 hate the most. And why? It's hard to say which 's worse: sending cards to people you never see; visiting relatives you can’t Group A Christmas Divali (Hindu Festival of Lights) Hsien Nien (the Chinese New Year) 1 Shawwal (the end of Ramadan) Kodomonohai (the Japanese festival, Children’s Day) Group B a birthday _awedding | a bereavement the birth of a child Vocabulary tip ‘We often remember what sound a ‘word begins with, + Try listing new words and phrases In alphabetical order. * Put thelist on the wall next to your bed, In the bathroom Read the list every time you pass it Speaking Celebrations 1. What occasions have you celebrated in the last two years? 2 In groups, read the article. 1 What doesn't he like about Christmas? 2. 00 youagree with him? No thanks! Stand eating and inking more than you want presents for children who would be nicer people if they had less; abliged to spend money you dot have and the weather is always dreadful The. lit. of complaints against Christmas enless 50 why do we doi 3 Are there any occasions you particularly like or hate? Explain why. Vocabulary Special occasions 4. What types of occasion are Groups A and B? 11 How many can you add to Group A? Say what they celebrate 2 in Group B, order the occasions. Explain your order. 2 On which occasions do you do these things? Add to the lists. have a funeral invite relatives 20 to church a party afew close friends send cards a procession all your friends presents a reception neighbours let off fireworks ‘naming ceremony colleagues 3 Make phrases. 1 enter/winilose [5] @ anarmileg 2 take/pass/ta = (]._—_‘b a competition/race 3 break amaccident/a job interview 4 get oO d job 5 geta Oe anexam 6 have CF engaged/married/dvorced 1 Which ones have you done? How did you mark the occasion? 2 Which ones do you think you will do? 4 Choose up to ten words / phrases to learn from this section. List them in alphabetical order. In pairs, try and say them all.ESCs Congratulations! pe! done! ‘o> dear! How did it happen? am sorry. thank you very much indeed raving me. ry Christmas! yourself aly? Wel, good luck! ice, that for really tragic news, example a bereavement, we fm really sorry or I'm terribly y, but we have nothing else sal to say. What you say bends entirely on your Listening Incidents and accidents 1 How do these people feel? ve passed. ve won. ve failed We lost We got an interview. ve had an accident. 2. When these happen to a friend, what do you say in your language? 3 Listen to six conversations. 1 Whatis the occasion each time? Number 1 to 6 job interview] wedding C] accident =] exam oO ithday thankyou EJ 2 Usten again Say whats happening/ has happened. 3 Inpairs, what details can you remember? Check wit the Tapescrpt on p. 108, 4 Choose a similar occasion that has happened to you. Say what happened, what you did, and how you felt. English in use Phrases for special occasions 1 Match situations 1 to 8 with ‘Occasion expressions’ a to h. 1 Its Christmas! [) § tdidnt getthejob. 2..1'm going to my brother's birthday party. [] 6 I've passed my exam! [_] 3 It'sbeen|ovely having youtostay. — [[] 7 tvebrokenmyarm. [-] ‘4 I'm going fora job interview tomorrow. [-] 8 fvelust got engaged. [_] 2 Listen and check. Then repeat. Copy the intonation. 3, When can you answer with these expressions? Practise in pairs. ‘And Happy New Year! Have a good time. What a shame! {really enjoyed it. ‘That's great! hope it goes well Brillant! 4 5b: Against the clock! In pairs, cover all che expressions. Remember what to say in each situation. Say and respond as many times as you can in vo minutes, 5 Practise exchanging news. 1. Complete the sentences. Imagine one of them has happened to you. Itsy —___ today. lve just heard my ___'ssick ve got an exam lve just been offered a Wve all my exams. Vm getting married __ 2 Walk around. Say hello to everyone, and pass on your news. When someone gives you their news, respond, then ask one or two questions about it38 Planning the future YOU ARE INVITED TO A BALL AT Tua Cuauronr Horas TO CELEBRATE THE 21ST BIRTHDAY OF Saran Dixon ~ four course dinner ~ live jazz band & dancing, 730, -2.00 00 sve 1 Look at the invitation, 11 What's the party going to be like? Make four predictions. 2 Would you like to go to a party lke this? 2. Are these people going? Say ‘Yes’, ‘No’, or ‘Maybe’. Matt Not really my style, isit? | mean, it’s going to be very posh: look at the invite, Robin | don’ thnk il be able to. think I'l be in the States, a a conference. ‘hope not but I'l just have to see Sarah t'm going with Rajit. He's going to get two days off work for it Finn Oh, we won't miss it Maria and | will be there, no question! Helen Why not stay at my place? I'l pick you up at the station, Maria 'm in Thailand the ay before, but I'm going to get there all ‘Mike Realy? Well i come Fight ~ believe me, then. Thanks Helen i be there! Present continuous, going to, will “This chart shows how to express different types of future, > Ly iy, Names _| Types of ture BERL, 1 Sarah _| it's already arranged viv bre [Thre horieal eee [BEI 3 Lintend to do this viv a as | aa eae) 7 hastreperd Eee iz irene | estaba raced ion] v possibilities with think probably 3 Look at the people’s comments in ex.2 again. ‘Write their names in the chart. CIE PE SEER eer eS Present simple \We use the present simple to express the future if t's part of a written formal plan or timetable. My plane leaves at 6.00 a.m. 4 Which person comments using the present simple for future? Why? s Listen and repeat the comments. Copy the intonation. Note \We write 1am going to .. but we say I'm gonna ...igana/ i: Against the clock! 6 Seta time limit In pairs, complete the conversations. Compare your answers with another pair. Correct any mistakes. 1A What (you/do) ore voudoing this evening? _ . Would you ‘A Where (you/g0) ia B Don't know I'd ike to go to the theatre ~ but aul Probably /end up) in the pub! 2 A What (you/do) __ fo B Don't know. A (you/stay) B Yes, I ‘A Well, why don't you come and stay with us? hi ‘A Yes. (There/oniy/be) me, my sister. and “fy Dad. (you) be) welcome. B All right. Then (come). ‘Thank you very much, 3 A Oh no! Look at all this traffic. (We/ be) late. ca ‘A L don't think it/help) B Well, W/ring) _ mobile here. gpa ‘them ~ Ive got my 7 Now relax. Listen to your teacher and check.Sind out about your partner's future. Choose Som 1104, 3 Ask for predictions Stowurctsgong 4 Make plans tS moot |= what are you doing/ What are you going to do for to happen. in the future. Cmismes? aa) == ie yee patos im ging stay wth my amy staying ith tein teen ny fay rua festival next yeer thn, but thik stay wth ny fay nies aunt & 8 Thnk of pot revhereiosere Tsk about pons this 2 Ask about ambttons pile thd mention ne eel erent sae — A Offer to help with the Eryournent bride neabroad ee B Chines yas yeay Roane for your next holiday ‘get married have kids retire Speak out A class reunion 1 Imagine that itis one year from now. You are attending a class reunion. By yourself... 1 Think of two or three things that have happened to you over the past year. 2. Think of one or two special occasions you have been to. 3. Think ofa reason why you have to leave the reunion early, 4 Also imagine that one of these things has happened to you, Pemember You are getting married (or + Try touse a variety of tenses remarried). You are thinking correctly for talking about the of moving. future. Respond to good and bad news You've broken your leg. You'll be ve with appropriate expressions. able to run again in about five weeks. ma ing about what 10 on snow. Inde abu fr spl The company you work fr has closed and ‘everyone has lost their jobs, including you. ‘You are not sure what's going to happen. _ Your company wants you to change jobs and move to Siberia, for more a aMBrCe You have failed an important exam. ‘roney. You've got three weeks to decide. ©: You don't know what to do now. ‘you don't go, I'l be bad for your career. be 2 Now get up and join the party. Say hello to everyone, and find our what's happening in their lives. Try to talk to everyone. CAINE R EEE Peersie + Use sentence patterns with because /otherwise/so/when, etc. ‘+ Practise expressions for obligation and permission (must/have to, ete). * Learn vocabulary for rules and ‘arguments. Vocabulary tip The card method isan effective way ‘of learning a lot of vocabulary quickly. + Make a pack of 20 word cards. Put ‘one word or phrase on the front of each card. On the back, puta sentence with the word missing, + Look at each sentence. if you can say the missing word, put the card at the bottom of the pack. ifnt, look at it and put it in just a few ‘ards later, then try again + Then look atthe words and try to remember the sentences. OTHER HOUSES, OTHER RULES Speaking Rules 1 Answer this questionnaire by yourself. JESTI Are your attitudes the same as your country’s? A QUESTION PF TUDE. wrieT Trt, (Fase, or? ray wy counray Me pales arer'inortan — nobody flows them anya. Rules are necessary even if theyre sometimes incomenet. Mary of er rational heroes are rb, Is iportant to flow the rules because Wt shows respec Its oten extn to break the rules {We only have rts becaise sore pele low having authori People ite ues = thats wy we ave them, TI 2. In groups, compare your answers. If you disagree, find out why. Vocabulary Time for an argument 1 Think of situations in your life when there are a lot of arguments. 2 4 Against the clock! 1 Inppairs, define these words. A turn to p.100 and help B, B turn to p.104 and help A. Which pair can finish frst? spuddings mealtimes annoying interrupted the main couse the washingyp — --ontime arguments dinnertime unfair got upset banned 2 Finish each sentence with one word/ phrase. 1 Inmy family, nobody liked meaitimes. 7. Nobody gottto the table .. 2 The whole family met at .. 8 And everyone always 3 I didn't often lke 9 which caused terrible 4 but | always loved Mum's 10 and someone always 5 Nobody helped Mum with... 11. Mum said we were very 6 which | think was very... 12 So talking at dinner is now ... 3. Complete the sentences with these phrases. argue!) toargue «1: Wemustntt.. 4 They spend al their lus argue us arguing 2 They dor’t let time arguing. 3 We'reneverallowed... 5 They always stop 4 Use the expressions to talk about your Family /work /school, ete. ‘My boss lets me/doesn't let me ..can also put otherwise atthe end sentence. spend more than you earn youll get into debt otherwise. Listening Home rules 1 Alice and Colin have six children aged two ¢o 16. What sort of rules do you expect them to have? Think of four or five examples. 2 [i] Listen to the family calking about the rules in their house. 1 Number the topics in Column A in the order they talk about them. a 8 Cl hetping with the washingup a IF you're not here when we're ready to start, then you don't get pudding [7] arriving on time for meals © You mustn’tintertupt when somebody's talking ~ you've got to wait til they've finished Ci ules in riends' houses After dinner, we've got to help with the washing-up, ‘cause with eight of us, there's a lot to do talking at meaties 4 Televison is banned in the week and theyre only allowed to watch it at oN as C1 watching the news on Tv © You don't let us watch the news, even at weekend [Cl when they can watch television ¥ The trouble i, theyre reaching an age where nobody else ever has todo the washingoud 2. Match Colurnn A with Column B, Listen again and check. 3. Remember anything else they said. Check with the Tapescript on p.108 3 In groups, how similar are your answers? 1 What ws it/s it kein your house? 2 you had si children, would you have the same rules? English in use Sentence patterns with because/otherwise 1 Read the ‘Rules for behaviour’, and ‘Reasons’. One reason is generally positive and one is generally negative. Write + or ~ each time. Rules for behaviour Reasons = 1 Everyone has to work because everyoneneeds money. [] atherwise you don'thave any money. ["] 2 You've got to have some fun because that's what life's all about. [7] otherwise life's miserable o 3 You mustn't steal because ts dishonest. o otherwise you might get caught. (J 4 Don't spend more than you earn because thats basic good sensel—_L] otherwise youll getinto debt. J 2 Which word do we use for, a negative, b positive reasons?3 Think of positive and negative reasons for these rules. 1 You have to do exercise sometimes . 2 You should wash regularly 3 You've got to make friends 4 Number the phrases in order using the sentence pattern in the box. 1 1 otherwise e causes arguments (Zand its quite annoying when someone keeps interrupting you the rules atthe table are that you mustn't interrupt when somebody's talking We often use sentences in patterns, 1 the occasion After dinner, 2 the rule we've got to help with the washing-up, 3 the reason because with eight of Us, there's a lot todo, 4 comment but it's a bit annoying if you've got things to do, Other common words introducing patterns are when /if/so/and, When you're studying for an exarn/ you should go to bed early/so you feel fresh the next morning and. you'll be able to concentrate better. they’re only alowed to watch TV at weekends our biggest arguments are about television because they/te lucky to lve in the countryside ‘nd f you send them outside, they quickly find something to do 5. Read the ‘Rules for travelling on the tube’ 1. Complete the text with the following words. 0000 oO and because but if, ~— otherwise so. when 2 [EB ussten and check your answers. is Rule 3 an official rule? have to buy 3. Gg] Listen and repeat. Copy the intonation tidket before you get on a vain 2. you first go into a tube 3 youre onthe rin you must you can be aresied and sion —__ yourneed to ask" Ibok at anyone che, i fred. you need a fordredionsthen youhave to go certainly mustit tak tO anyone, ticket gates anyway get through the 10 the ticket office buy ‘everyone is very suspicious of its Your tidkets from the machines, everyone else. you can read i much quicker lookat the adverts and maps! travelfing RRS LLoE cute hard to forget) 6 Think of the rules for two situations in your life. Tell a partner. Neher Reading age Finding specific information 1 How old do you have to be to do these things in your country? Canoes, LD g0to schoot i marry J pay on public transport drink alcoho! §—- EJ drive Ci buy cigarettes J You have to go t0 school! Oo SeanaaG ay san Cleave schoo! vote work for money trains, buses, ete. ‘You can drink alcohol in 2%: Against the clock! In pairs, read the text in five minutes. Find private ~ for example at home. ‘out when you can do the things in ex.1 in England and Wales. You can be convicted of a 3 Which age restrictions are unfair? Why? Compare in pairs. call offence pee) You can leave schoo ‘You can have a licence to drive most vehicles. wa" bagee ‘You can marry but you must a You can go to prison. You ean get a part-time Job, have your parents’ consent. You reach the 'age of majority’ you are Hen ai la Gr tes ae You can vote in elections You can open a bank account. but you can't work formore = boy can join the armed forces than two hours on a school with his patents’ consent. day or on a Sunday. ‘You can buy cigarettes and You can go into a pub but you tobacco. can't buy o drink alcohol You can have beer, ede, or Go SS SL there ‘ine with a meal in a restaurant. [J] You ean become a Member of Parliament. iz “The Guardian’ Chern ego Centre [2210 OTHER HOUSES, OTHER RULES |‘Complete from ‘At what age can I..?” 1 You can have a driving licence when you are 17 You can go te prison when you are —__ You can't vote until you are —_ You have to go to school between the ages of _ and —__. You're allowed to leave school when you are _ You can get married at ___ but your parents must 2 3 4 Children mustn't go into pubs under the age of —_ Translate the words in bold. Are they the same in your language? Look at these expressions. can a must can't b Imallowed to ... have to ... Imustn't .. 1 Match the similar meanings. 2 Use the six expressions to describe your life at the ‘moment. Tell a partner. j have to, must, be allowed to, should, need to + verb to + verb scan drive You're allowed to smoke smusthave alicence You have to follow the rules should go to bed early Youneed to sleep Vt have to work. =it’snot necessary bligation and permission 4 Read the text, OF all the ages you can be, | like mine the best. And why? Firstly because 1 don't have to work. | don't even have to get up in the moming if dont wont to. ‘And secondly, nobody asks me stupid questions lke "How fore you getting on with Margen?" or ‘Hows the job?’ Nobody ever listens to the answers anyway ~ they only ask >bocause they think they should, Andi yes, ldo have a job — {am a writer A night writer. 1 ‘write from 10.00 pm until 4.00 am, every night. You don't need much sleep ot my age but people dont like it: they seem to think thot people of my age shouldn't stay up after eleven o'dodk! ‘What do | write obout? Why, the sily social rules thot people have to follow between 10 and 65.1 shouldn't Taugh. But it does makes excellent material for books. 1. Complete these sentences. 1 He likes being retired because he doesn’t have to .. 2 People only ask about your partner because 3. He can stay up til 4.00 because old people 4 People seem to think that old people 5 reople between 10 and 45 have te 6 But people under 10 and over 66 ... 2 Cover the text. Say the sentences from memory. 5 Describe some of the advantages of being your age. mustn't drive over 70.= it’s important NOT to Use all the verbs in the Language box on the left. {include some vocabulary for rules ‘and restrictions. Use sentence pattems to describe rule, what it for, and what you think oft. “ry to use can, have to, must, Should, et. correctly. Speak out Write the rules 1 In groups, read the article. Why do people join clubs? 2 Choose a club, Write the Club Code. 1 Explain briefly who the club is for and what it does, 2 Write up to seven rules for the members, 3. Explain your Club Code tothe clas. UBS - WHY? ApuinySocey (The) | Pe WnesandFoods |New World Group he Frankl wonders about cubs and societies | ComputerGames | Func thd Philosophy Crete peopl jon cubs ls tthe sense of belonging tacit. | Whrishop Gardening ssacaon | Shoppers Societe ‘Do the clubs organize competitions and conferences? | Conversation Cub (The) | (The) ‘StarTrek ntemationel ‘even provide a career i your hobby? Does |Cormeccecho (The [GunseFreams cus [teenage Acton on igh iter reduced. pes. for equpment and |ciwmcar crap | (tiles Under at ch The Teorganzation necesary to get people to change | DangeusSpors | ilamesocery (Tel Vegetarian Society he ‘Or is It just because people love rules? Because, | !ntemational ‘Letter Writers’ Circle (The} | Volleyball Society (The) is a club or society, there is @RuleBook, . | Mongolian Society (The) ] Women's Group (The)11 TEMPER AND TEARS Speaking * Lear how to make simple ir Complaints and desl with more Feelings Bene aioe 1 In groups, how many emotions can you think of? os Hrecheaaaiig fon ea paso Write a list of feelings and how they affect you, arama anger you shout ond scream, you shake, you go red, fear you. 4 Wee 2 Talk about when you felt one of the emotions. What happened? English in use Complaining 1 Where are these problems likely to happen? abar/pub/café ahotel restaurant ashop_—_—_astation Problems the wrong change ina shop/bar, et. a dirty cup/spoon the wrong size dress/shirt a cracked glass/ pate the wrong ticket a damaged CD/cassette/book a dirty room /a noisy night horrible coffee /beer/food 2 delayed journey 2 faulty cassette recorder/camera 2. Whar do you do if you have a problem like this? Tick the chart. What do you do? How do you do it? complain tothe staff El |ectupset and ookunhappy CL] 3 ‘ask the staff to put it right CO |eetangry a ask to see the manager | be teeny and cheertut a do nothing —forgetit | be poite but serious a 3 Which of these solutions would you accepe for the problems above? the wrong change = an apology an apology a refund change it 4 Listen to ewo conversations. Complete the chart: where [the problem [the solution |helpfulstaff? | calm customer? 1 acaté aEse saff are helpful, problems solved immediately. ‘complaints usually have attention me the problem id (this camera is faulty) st you want [a refund), please. ‘have (another one), please? you (change it), please? someone is unhelpful, you ‘0 insist. Follow the stages ple complaints, and then ... at your request ut however... | want {to change i “Fesnowledge the problem ~ even though (I haven't got se receipt) se my temper very often Ido, Irealy explode... ople sey its good to get your ‘ut, but my problem i that | ‘get angry enough. IF | soid ching immediately leould stay Instead, I wait, getting more more initoted until 1 lose tol. orn teal 5 Read Simple complaints. 1 Find the three parts in Conversation 1. A Um, excuse me B Yes? ° im afeid this coffee’s cold Oh, 'm sorry A Id like another one, 2 How else could you say like another one? Use the phrases inthe box 3. [Ei isten and repeat. Copy the intonation 6 Read Difficult complaints, Complete these two conversations. 1A Excuse me, | bought to changeit B._ Have you got your receipt? yesterday, and it's too big. ~ I want to changeit, 2S Laiibe-a refund, please. D Im not our policy to give a refund. want a refund, it’s not your that, 7 Practise the conversations from memory with a partner. Listening Losing your temper 1 Look at the article about Jacqui 1. What's happening in the cartoons? 2 What do you think Jacqui would do in these situations? 2 Listen to Jacqui talking about ‘one of those days’. 1 Explain how these things come into her story. * a puddle of water + sixotclock * aborrowed dress * door keys 2. Did Jacqui go to the party in the end? * the pavement + adrain 3 Read about something else that happened to Jacqui. 1 In pairs, A tur to p.100, B to p.104. Work out what happened. 2. [Bi] usten and check. Were you right? What do you think of Jecqus behaviour? 4 Describe something similar that has happened to you or to someone you know, Use some of these words and phrases. explode go mad lose my temper ose control Irrtateme get fed up have a tantrum get irritated stay calm be angry= 46 Narrative tenses 1 Look again at extracts from Jacqui’s stories. 1 woke up to find « huge puddle of woter on the flor. So | elearad it up and was late for work, 2—The fiend 1 wes meeting initoted me becouse she'd forgotten to bring bok adress she'd borrowed, which 1A planned to weor tow porty thet night. 3—I wos in 0 queue ond the ossstat was going through some papers ond ignoring us. A pregnant woman was ‘obviously having difficulty stonding foro tong 1 Look atthe phrases in bold. Write the extract numbers by each tense, atoc. a thepastsimple =] b the past continuous EF] € thepastpertect =F] 2 Match the tenses a, b,c, with their uses i il, and i |. being in the middie of an action ii things that happened earlier lil the main events of the story “Compare three past tenses for stages inanarrative. | Past simple One event after another He drove up to the house and jumped out. Activities together We had breatfast and talked about it Past continuous One activity ‘containing’ a shorter one | was working in Berlin when we met ‘A long’ activity leading up to an event ‘twas raining. A car slowed down and stopped. Past perfect Earlier events. 'hadin't seen him for years but | recognized him immediately. When I got to the door, | realized I'd forgotten my keys. 2 In pairs, match each sentence with a or b. 1 twas a cloudy morning. 2 twas a beautiful day. The sun was shining through the window. b Then the sun shone through the window. oo 3. James had breakfast. 4 James had had breakfast. His dirty dishes were still on the table. b Then he cleared the table. ool 5 {knew he was leaving 6 knew he had left ‘a because the house was silent. 'b_ because | could hear the door opening. oo 7 | got to work late, & When I got to work he'd called, and left a message. b_Then he called me and explained, oo 9 He said he was doing a job for the police 10 He said he'd done a job for the police a few years before but not any more. b_and he had to go abroad for a few weeks. oo 11 When | got home, the police had called 12 When! got home, the police called and asked me where he was. 'b_and left a note asking me to call them, oo 13. That night, James was saying goodbye 14 That night, James said goodbye a and let. 'b when the police arrived and took him away. oo 3 Decide on a title for the story. Read the sentences again and choose one from each section. Then cover and tell a different partner your story. Against the clock! 4 Set a time limit In pairs, read this true story and complete with the past simple, past perfect, and past continuous. There's an axeman in my bedroom! inead woke up. A man (stand) ! wos standing. attheend of the bed. She (think) 2 that her boyftiend, Richard, (get up) 3__ fora drink, But then she (elie) 4 that Richard ie) S_ next to hes."Miy God’, she (scream) © - Richard (wake) 7____up, The man come) ® closer. He hold) 2 something: anave.'He’s gong wil ust’ Richard shouted and threw himself at the man, Sinead earth two men ht the flor. Then she (hear) 20__a scream in the next room: hee nine year-old daughter. Jena, 'Gether out, Sinead? Richard shovted. Sinead (shake) 17 _—_ with fear. She (move) 12___ to the door, but the axeman (stand) 19 _ im her path, Richard went for the axe and aR. ‘Sinead ran. tn Jena’ oom, she heard he rencrahdown thea, then sence 5 Now relax. What happened next? Try to complete the story. Then turn to p.100. Find out what happened! [ReaVocabulary Occasions and feelings 1 Which have you experienced? + afuneral + ariot or revolution + awedding + areligious ceremony + a festival or celebration 2 These sentences all describe the same colour. The Ashantis in Ghana, In Kathmandu in In Hungary, traditionally, in West Africa, use it at Nepal, is associated it was the colour of fire Suneras. Was a leeing of wath oravery. Peale apd enthusiasm and of loss and sadness. It means also wear it in ‘everything that was exciting. “a passing away: religous ceremonies. Bat afr 1948, afer the In China, isthe colour ‘In Russia in the Communist revolution, it ofluck and happiness. It first years of the was regarded less favourably the colour people wear at Revolution, people because it was the offical ‘wedding ceremonies and at wore it proutly for colour of revolution, which celebrations in the New Year. their achievements, was not very popular. 1 Which colour? What do you associate with that colour? 2. How many words can you find for a events, b feelings? 3. What do you associate with these colours? Think about occasions, feelings, and meanings. TTS + Weuseitat.... + Traditionally, It's the colour people wear at + itmeans + I’sthecolour of... It's associated with Ba 4 Make a spidergram about an event which was important to you. Hecabulary up Write words /phrases which you associate with it. Include: ‘Learn words to describe things which 22, J ses mportant to you. Occasions and pepe people — + objects events are especialy good for this as Eettes | grandmother’ [| | ing together alot of ordinary aan ulary which il be ut on EVENT ‘other occasions. aes took them up and write them r 5 wedding enthusiasm fSewn together. | feelings places ‘croup them under headings !n a | iagram, e.g. people, places, ete 5 Cover your spidergram. Remember as many words/phrases as you can, Speak out Describing memorable events 1 In groups, choose one of the pictures above, or one of these events: Complaint! A fantastic night out The end of the war Winning a game [Remember eer 1 imagine you were there. Describe what happened and what it was tke Bi anal eroctions, 2 Together, look up and write the words/phrases you need, Include: Use narrative tenses correctly to * events: things that happened =5y what happened. + places, sights, sounds, and smells ‘Fy to make your experience as + feelings vivid as possibie. 2. In pairs, with someone from another group, describe the event. Tae TEARS:ie: SAYING NO * Practise making invitations and saying ‘no" politely © Use infitives to link words and build sentences. * Expand your verbs, nouns, and adjectives using afixes, What do YOU do if someone fnvites you somewhere or asks you ae ur and you on't want to Speaking Saying no 1 In groups, think of a time when .. 1 someone invited you somewhere, 2. someone asked you a favour. 2 Did you do any of these? TD goeventhough you didertwantto — [] justsay‘no* say ‘yes! and then not go 1 make up an excuse not to go say no and explain why honestly 3. Which of these comments do you agree with? Why? It depends who you're talking to, + ‘I wouild say no, if I don’t want mean, T can’t say no to my parents, to go, and I would explain why but I'can say no to people who don’t honestly, because otherwise, it know me very well. Turkey is impolite | think. Japan 14 just say no. If they're your * think i's important to make an friends, then they'll understand, excuse, because otherwise it’s too If they're not, then it doesn’t direct. It's impolite just to say, matter anyway. Spain No, I won't come.’ Switzerland How to say ‘no’ nicely Do you ever find it hard to say no? “Then these tips ae for you = ‘No’ may be one of the shortest words in the English language but its also one of the hardest t0 say. ‘Most of us are brought up to try to please others, #0" when we! Ssked to do something, it can be ficult 0 refuse, and almost impossible to do so. without feeling guilty. 4 There are different social ‘rules’ in different countries for refusing invitations and requests. What can happen if you get it ‘wrong’? Reading Reading for the main points 1 In pairs, read the beginning of a magazine article. 1 How do the British feel about saying no”? 2 What kind of ‘tips’ do you think the article might suggest? 2 In pairs, read the rest of the article 1 Aturn top. 101, B to p.104. Count the tips. Underline the main words in each. 2 Tell your partner what tips you can remember, 3 Explain chese words from the article effective explanations body language ‘broken record’ firmly made-up straighten calmly sweetener reasonable 4 What tips would you give to people visiting your country?tp ‘your vocabulary! When you ‘up one word in the dictionary, or related words. That way, You ‘wo oF three words with itle ‘effort, eg. when you look up sion (n), you will also find ive (ad), aggressively (adv) arrange (v) explain (v) sensitive (adj) importance (n.) kind (ad}.) invite (adj) use (n.) friend (n.) possible (ad),) Vocabulary Double your vocabulary 1 Split these words inco two parts - the base word and the affix. shortest short/est asking guilty reasonable effective hardest kindness straighten firmly impossible kinder sweetener 2 Now split these, but add letters to make che complete base word. refusal refuse +al easier happily refusing psychologist explanation politest 3 Mi Against the clock! In groups, make more words using these affixes in five minutes. Which group can make the most? ful ity ly -nce sess. tion, im- ims un friend [happy [important invite [possible [sensitive [use friendly 4 Change the words on the left to complete the sentences, 1 It very rude to change an arrangement. just because a better one comes up. 2 ts rude to say 'no’ without giving an 3 snot your politeness that matters, is your 4 lnmy country, politeness isn't 5 One thing everybody likes in other people is 6 its OK to refuse an —_ without giving 2 reason, 7 Ws to learn to be polite in English 8 You have to use the right phrases, otherwise people can think you're very Learning another language perfectly is completely § Look only at the words. Remember the sentences, Listening Invitations 1 Look at six things you could be invited to do. What would you expect in your country? * Ate they invitations to someone's home / to goout ..? * Willitbe during the day in the evening) fora whole day ..? + Will you eat / drink anything? + Will you have to pay for anything? * Can you take someone with you? * Wil you take something (food wine! flowers...)?Looking at ‘social rules amma rules tell you how to make senences Social rules tll you what sentences to make, and with whom, Imagine, for example, you really lke someone and you say, ‘I wondering. if 1 go party with friends today evening you ‘would lke come? they might laugh a the grammar, but there's a good chance they'llsay yes’. But ifyou say. ‘You come to a party with me this evening’, they smay think you are aggressive and arrogant. and say ‘no Invitations tend to be simple — + ifyou ae talking to good friends + i€you expect the answer ‘eso if ts for something small and simple (e.g, | having acup of coffee) + if you are equal in age and status, and ‘especialy Hyon ae bath young, Invitations tend to be more elaborate = if you don't know each other well + if you expect the answer ‘no’ or if t's for something large (cg going away on holiday) or unexpected + ifyou ar being formal because you are ‘unequal in age or status, or because you are ata formal occasion, or if you havea naturally formal style [ Vocabulary tip Remember complicated phrases by counting the words. i * Find the longest phrase in the Elaborate invitations box. Count the words. Close your book and remember the phrase 2. Listen co five im invitation to ..? Reply 3 Listen again. In pairs, note more details. Check with the Tapescript on p.109, 4 What's the situation and the relationshi each conversation? English in use Invitations and replies 1 Read the text about different styles of invitations. 1 Do you think this information is true in your country? 2. What examples of ‘elaborate’ invitations do you have in your language? A simple invitation is usually one short phrase, e.g. Do you fancy (informal, or Would you like ...? (informal or formal). Invitation Reply 1 Do you fancy 2 {love to but ve got to 2 Would you like to. afterwards? That would be... 2. i Listen co two extracts from [EE] again. 1 Complete the phrases in the box for simple invitations and replies. 2. Who do you know that you could say these phrases to? 23 [Ei] isten anc repest. Copy the intonation. Elaborate invitations can include an introduction, an invitation phrase, e.g. Would you like ...?, and often a comment, e.g. a description of the event. 3 Introduce Look, | was wondering... Show appreciation That's very Suggest Would youlike to ..? Accept I Thank Thank you. 4 Introduce Hi, Joanna, Look, . Show appreciation Oh, that's Situation We're going to... Refuse i'm afraid |. Invite Would you like to. Reason I've got something Sweetener Maybe another 5 Introduce Listen, Show appreciation Oh that would be .. Situation We're having a ‘and accept Invite | was wondering if you'd..? Thank Thank you. 3 Listen to three more extracts from [EI] again. 1 Complete the phrases for more elaborate invitations and replies. 2 Listen and repeat. Copy the intonation, 4 Make invitations and replies. + gofor a drink * gocutforameal goon holiday with you * goforacotlee + come fordinner come round fora barbecue * come and see film * go.camping for the weekendThink of one thing that... you thinks hard to do, \simportant for everyone to do. 1 at some time inthe past, yournade an excuse nottodo. 2 you think everyone has the right to do, or notto do. 3 you have to do this week 4 you should do more often. you must do while you're young, before it’s too latel 5 you're going to do in the next few days, % ‘makes you feel good you've asked or told someone todo inthe past. eaveousune 10 In pairs, look again at sentences 1 t0 10. 4. Compare your answers. How similar are you? 2 Underline the infinitive. Does it folow an adjective, a 2. noun, an auxilary verb, ora full verb? 3 Tnfinitives Infinite i the simplest form ofa verb, e.g. use, g0, 4 come, etc. We useit to attach a verb to other , is often used with the word to, e.g. to use, to s adjective + infinitive I's important to use the right words,| In+infnitive | don'thave an excuse not to go. ‘auxiliary +inintive | should do exercise more often. ‘infinitive She asked me to come. infinitive has many uses. Here are three common ones phrases beginning with wh- words (where, when, >, what) and how. i don't know what to say. to0 and (not) enough. jpasta’s too hot fo eat./My pasta’s not cool to eat. say why you do something infinitive of purpose). 2 3 Unde Are they 1,2, or 3? Complete the sentences. Nv: Against the clock! 5 Seta time limit 1 examples of each use in these sentences. ‘My English isnt good enough to tak to English people. know what to say but | don’t know how to say it, She talks to0 quckl for me to understand. When tm reading, l use a dictionary to look up nearly every word. | don’t know how to get more speaking practice. isten to tapes to get listening practice, but they're too difficult to understand, They've invited me to dinner but | don't know What time to arrive (timed arcve). | want to go out and have some fun but | don't know (winere 'go) or ____ what do), {im getting fat and rm just (busy do) any exercise. I need to find some (People practise] my English with tim staying with a host family but can't use the ‘itchen cookin ‘We haven't been together (longi get marred) yet In pairs, nd examples of these from ‘How to say no nicely’ (pp.48/101 /104) and ‘Looking at social rules’ (50) wh-(how + infinitive infinitive of purpose noun + infinitive main verb + infinitive adjective + infinitive auxiliary + infinitive Make true sentences with each of the patterns. how to meet people Speak out and make friends make succe: ions an Bemember around the class. = Use ideas from this Unit in your tak © Make sure you use the right word {orm (noun, verb, adjective, etc) ~ Use infntives correctly to link the \words. Check in your dictionary. Preparing and giving a talk 1 Look at the titles of four ‘How to. rer z ay, ei 2 articles. Whar do you think they will say? ‘Suggest as many ideas for each as you can 2 In pairs, prepare a talk on one of the topics, either seriously or humorously. Use the plan on the right if you like. 3 Work in different groups. Give your talk. [introduction “Explain the importance of doing it well. Give examples of what can happen if you doit badly. ————— Think of five to ten useful tips. Think ofan example foreach one. Explain why cach suse ‘End with a general point.13 BRAINPOWER + Learn some communication repair strategies, + Look at defining relative clauses for giving more information. + Practise developing your brainpower, ‘% People have an overoge vocabulary ‘of 30,000 words in their own language. # ‘Intermediote’ level leomers of © foreign longuoge usuolly have @ vocobulary of round 38,000 words. 4% Bofore they start spooking ot the foge of 10-15 months, dhldren ‘already have o possive vocabulary oF etleast 200 words % Between the ages of 1 and 5, @ normal dild leams, on overoge, ‘between 8 and 20 new words a doy % For leomers of foreign longuoge, leoming lists of words «an be a powerful tedmique: in one study Fusion leomers successfully leamed 4108 new English words in one go. Vocabulary tip Use word association. When you are learning a new word, find a word in English OR in your own language “+ Which looks or sounds similar + whichis related in meaning or ‘comes from the same topic area The similarity can be very small itis often enough if the words begin with the same one or two letters. Speaking Test your memory 1 Test how good your memory is. In pairs, A turn to p.101 and give the test. B close your book and answer A’s questions. 2 In groups, decide .. 1 What types of question are there in the test? Which were the hardest for you? 2 Isthis kind of test useful? Vocabulary Word associations 1 Read the ‘Did you know ..? facts. 1 Doany of them surprise you? 2. How many ways of learning new words can you thinko in three minutes? 2 Look at how words are related. 1. What isthe relation? Tick the correct columns each time. hhave related | often occur | sound or meanings | together _| look simil 1 short term i v 2 short, medium, ong_| 3. amajor event I 4 disk, file, memory, | store, erase | 5 store, restore | 6 older, forget, | confused, brain cells 7 permanent, constant, all the time connections, 8 communication, | interconnections | 2 Explain the meaning of the words in each group. 3 Can you add words/phrases to any of the groups short term memory 3. Leam five new words/phrases from this section using word association. ‘Try to remember them at the end of the lesson,appreciating art thinking i & music planning " the intellect emguons balance movement body clock Communication problems occur even when speaking your own language, caused by: * noise or distance: making it difficult to hear or understand = time pressure or anxiety: making it dificult to organize your thoughts + memory failure: forgetting the right word or not concentrating * complexity: what you want to say is difficult to say ‘You can repair these problems. Listening Types of memory 1 What kinds of memory are these? Put them in the chart. ‘major events, e.g. your wedding _—_ remembering to buy bread reading sentences the faces of friends and family Type of memory Examples of memories How long it lasts Short term memory ‘a few seconds Medium term memory as long 0s you need it_ Long term memory permanent 2 Listen to Lynn and Mick. Check if you were right, 3 [Ea] What happens co your memory as you get older? Liscen and check what Lynn says about these things. forget things learn new things get confused. brain cells dying stop communicating 4 In pairs, describe one short, one medium, and one long term memory. English in use Repair strategies 1 [B3) Listen again to Lynn and Mick. What communication problems do they have? Number them 1 to 4. can't remember the right wordis) oO accidentally uses the wrong word] has trouble forming the sentence [_] doesn’t hear/understand Oo 1 Lynn So some time later you buy bread, and when you've done heed to restore, er to store that memory any longer . 2. Mick Are there any .. are ... are any memories realy permanent? ‘you don't 3 Lynn... you start to get confused. Mick Sorry? Lynn. You get confused. 4 Mick Interconnections? Sealy | Gat remeshbes the, word but {the problem, 2 When do we use these repair strategies? 1 Say ‘Sorry 3 Say er/um, then say the right word 2 Say'.can’t remember /1 don't 4 Just stop, pause, and start again know the right word’, then suggest some possible words 3 Describe one of these. Can your partner guess what you are ralking. about? Use the repair strategies when you have problems ajob machine a musical instrument asportReading Communication problems 1 Look at the quote and the pictures. 1. What makes a good marriage? 2 What are the most common problems that husbands and wives have? 2 This isan extract from a novel about a husband and wife. EI “The secret of a successful marriage? Concentrate. You gotta concentrate. And remember my birthday everything she says.” have an affair ————————— When Philippa came in, Patrick was looking atthe TV It vasa game show. Well, 'm sorry” 1 Explain these phrases to your partner. ‘You don't remember, do you? challenging and triumphant an expression (on your face) 2 Read the extract. What exactly is the position with Mike, do you think? “Oh that. Look, I've sai im sorry.” Tn fact, as far as you know, I might behaving anaflaie with him” "Hi. T'm back “The rouble is, said Philippa, that yout just not interested in anything Id, Silence. Then, Are you" he said *Soaren't you going task me where I've Tam” ‘She loked at him in a challenging and ber’ sald Philippa ive met Mike. triumphant sort of way. He looked a her with “Sorry? “Wel, can‘tbe expected to remember alla strangely empty expression which very ve just been out. Dorit you want know your frends” slowly removed all the colour and angles were I've been?” {Al my fiends ve been working with Mike from his face until it ooked like an ver “Oh, sorry love. Yes, ofcourse. Where have forthe last year. He's the one L went 10 boiled poate you been? ‘Munich with ‘Well. [think thats the question you have to Taw Mike, “Ohyes! decide “Mike” ‘And the one who remembered my birthday’ Sorry?" he sa. And turned off the television. 3 What advi would you give to Patrick/ to Philippa? Defining relative clauses 1. Complete these sentences so they are true for you. 1 When | was younger, | wanted to marry someone who 2 I didn’t want to marry anyone who 3.1 know a lot of people that 4 like stories which 5 I don't lke films which 6 The best kind of relationship is one that 2 Compare in pairs. Underline the relative clauses in your sentences. 3 Complete the rules and examples. For people, use or {st that the guy works in the Joyce café? For things/feelings /events, atc. use Is there anything ‘would make her happy? | saw something looked tke a small elephant. RA Recognizing relative clauses Relative clauses give you information + aboutmouns, They're major events that happen in your life. Its something that 1 don’t want to remember. They usually begin with a relative pronoun (who/ that! which, et + who is only used for peopl. ‘ike people who do unusual things + that's used for things, events, feelings, animes, and sometimes people Its something that ! don't want to remember. + whichis used for things, events, feelings, animals, etc, ‘but not for people. 1s something which I don't want to remember. + about pronouns.4 Look at how we use relative pronouns. 1 Find the two parts of the sentence. Underline the ‘relative clauses. 1 Long-term memory ike a file/ which stores your ‘most important memories 2 It's story about a woman who wanted to divorce her husband, 3. There's a road that goes up the hill and behind the wood. 4 The problems that they're having are very common, 5 Can you tell me the three words which | gave you earier? 6 There's a particular smell ahvays associate with my grandmother's house. 7 ‘can remember his voice, but {can't remember anything he's said! 8 ve forgotten a lot about the event, and the things do remember are all confused. 2 Lookat relative clauses 1 to 8 again. Which ..? + have a relative pronoun? + don't havea relative pronoun? + need a relative pronoun to make sense? + don't need a relative pronoun? Using relative clauses, Relative clauses always follow a main clause. They both need a subject Main clause Relative clause \remember people... who talk to me. remember things which are important to me. remember things {which l enjoy. Iemember people. wvho) I spend time with Ifthe relative clause doesn’t have its own subject, you ‘must use a relative pronoun. {remember people... who talk to me NOT... Hometmborpecpletalkiome BUT Ifthe relative clause already has its own subject (pronoun or noun), you don't need to use a relative pronoun, Lremember things | enjoy. /which | enjoy Ale Against the clock! 5 Setatime limit In pairs, complete with who, that, or which. IF the relative pronoun is not necessary, put it in (brackets). 1 Remember everything (that) you can about your frst class at school as a chil: the people, the room, the event. 2. Draw a picture of something small you use regulary, for example, a bank note or a key. How many details can you put on it? 3 Think ofa place you constantly go to Remember fve different details about it 4 Remember the face of someone _ you've cnly knawn fora short time. How many details can you describe (e.g. eyes hai, etc)? 5 Think of three problems married people at some time. 6 Describe something personal Is constantly in your memory, such as one of your parents’ faces. happen to most 7. Name something everyday — youcan always remember. 8 Remember someone has talked to you today. What do you remember about their voice? 6 Now relax. Write two more tasks. Use a relative clause in each one, 7 Close your books. In new pairs, ask your parmner 0 do as many tasks as you can remember. 8 Remember a scene from early childhood. Think about where it was /when it happened /who was, there /what happened /how you felt, and why. 1 Plan your description. Try to use atleast five relative clauses. 2 Describe it to your partner. Speak out Memory competition Remember +S you study the picture/story, think about ways of remembering deta for ater. Use communication repair strategies as you deseribe and tl + Try to use relative clauses accurately 1. Work in fours: Pair A and Pair B. Pair A turn to p.101. Look at the picture for two minutes. Pair B turn top. 104. Look atthe story for two minutes. 2 Exchange information. Pair A describe the picture to Pair 8 for three minutes. Pair B draw the picture. Pair 8 tel the story to Pair A for three minutes. Pair A write the events in order 3. How many details did you remember? Write the number at the top of, your paper. Which team remembered most? Eaie CI AVA NTGR IN /Ledn\ ==) 1@] Ns) * Learn about words for things in general (thing/stu people like tht}. *+ Look at that clauses for expressing opinions and feelings. * Practise using words with dependent prepositions, When a man sits with @ pretty girl for an hour, But let him sit on a hot stove for a minute, and wee Speaking Admirable people 1 Think of someone you admire. Tell your partner why. 2. What kind of people do you most admire? Explain your cop three. + entrepreneurs: people who start out poor and make themselves rich + people who help other people: e.g. nurses, aid workers, teachers + great sports people: who push back the limits of what is humanly possible + people who make a difference: politically to national success, to world peace + people who revolutionize science and thought + rebels who fight against the system (who are often only recognized later) Listening Listening for information 1. Put these words into three groups: School, Science, People. Underline the stress. lazy (rather) slow fascinated (by) the school system acompass apatentoffice theories punish learn by rote gotolectures revolutionize 2 In groups, look at the pictures and text. 1. What different sides of Albert Einstein's character do they show? 2 Which group can answer the most questions in three minutes? a What is Einstein famous for? d. Where did he study? b Where was Einstein from? © Was hea successful student? ¢ What was he like as a child? Where did he work? 3 Listen to an extract from a radio programme about Einstein. 1 Tick the questions it answers from ex.2 above. 2 Listen again with the Tapescript (o.1 10). Check your answers to questions a tof, Underline more detals for each. 4 Look at the phrases. Guess four things about Einstein's personal life. Listen and check. pregnant marry give birth to have an affair 5 In groups, what do you think? 11 What's your opinion of Einstein now? 2. What standards of behaviour do you expect from the people you admire?English in use Giving general impressions ions from (EI). 1 Give examples for the words in bole, He was lazy at things he wasn't interested in, 2 children were punished for giving the wrong things like that = ings like that 3 he was fascinated by the way the compass all that stuff = always pointed north ~ he was deeply __interested in all that stuff ‘but then he had to go to school and fearn” ‘things = ing 2. [BB usten and repeat. Copy te intonation. 1 Look again at these expres Talking about ‘things in general Use things /stuff/people (ike that), etc. to give a general impression. + When you can't be specific, or don't want to be. ‘He wos lazy t things ine wasn't interested in To talk about @ group of similar things. We usually add these expressions j conto the end of sentences. They were punished for giving the wrong answer and things like that. |'m not realy interested in art and all that stuft/and stuff like that. We can also use other general ‘group names’, e.g. people/animals/ | sports/ music, etc. EZT@. she ddetlkevsting people she lant now. {im not keen on smal dogs; ke St Bernards and dogs ke that. | 2. Finish the statements using the words in the box. places 7” #Ke scientists, and artists, .. and people ike that Games 2 hate football, and gb, people 3 ke vstng churches, nd at galeries, eee 4 mot really interested in imports and exports, and banking, 5 | like music and clothes, but | haven't got time for pop stars, and models, 6 What | lke about Christmas is the family, and food, and presents, 3 Tell your partner three things you like and three things you dislike. 4 Which word comes next, and ot 07? Explain why. Bis general expressions after Ive got some really old music: Motown, rack and roll, .. and “2nd /or like this: [nd-... ort. Stuf ike that) stuf ike that) things (ike that) anything (ike that) soon 1 2 Ihaven't got any furniture, saucepans, 3 I've got some really nice party clothes: short skirts, sk tops, 4 Ihaven't got any furs, expensive jewellery, 5 I've stil got some of my old toys: trains, a teddy bear, 6 I've got a word processing programme, but | haven't got any games 5 Finish sentences 1 t0 6 in ex.4, Use general expressions. 6 Say two or three things you have /haven’t got in these categories. music clothes technology photographs household stuff videos books ornaments jewellery things from your past ES |CAR CRASH MADE SALESMAN ‘TOO NICE! FOR JOB By Luke Harding ee eee Insurance salesman lost his Job because a road accident left him with a much nicer personality, the High Court heard yesterday Vocabulary Dependent prepositions 1 Choose the correct ending, a or b. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 " 12 3 14 15 16 7 18 19 20 ‘My brother is married My brother married He met He wes introduced He was very interested He was fascinated Afriend gave ‘Atriend gave her number ‘And he talked And he phoned Acouple of weeks later he proposed ‘A.couple of weeks later, ne asked They visited They went But when they arrived But when they got she fell in love she was attracted and two days later, she ran ‘and two days later, she went off cece ca cece ce oe oe core ‘a woman called Jenny. toa woman called Jenny, her ata party, to her at a party by her. inher. to him. him her number. her a few days later to her a few days later, her to marry him, to her. to Rome for their honeymoon. Rome for their honeymoon. to their hotel at their hotel with one of the waiters to one of the waiters away with him. with him, 2 We Againse the clock! Use the phrases in bold from ex.1. Make as ‘many true sentences as you can in five minutes. Reading Winning personalities 1 What personal characteristics are necessary to be suceessfl ..? + asa... salesman! judge/scientist/teacher + imyour occupation 2 In pairs, read the newspaper article. What was Charles Cornell like .? before the accident after the accident Charles Cornell, 31, was a backseat passenger when the driver fell asleep {and crashed on the M11 near Theydon Bots in Essex. Cornell suffered head and arm injuries. His employers told the court that, previously, he had had the ‘talent, stamina, for a good salesman.’ Since the accident, he had become ‘a much nicer Personality’. But while his family and fiends found that he was kinder, less aggressive, more generous, and ‘nicer to be around’, to his employers he was ‘too nice’ and had lost the aggression Capacity for hard work, and Aeeded for hejob. aggressiveness which are necessary 3. What do you think? 1. What kind of job could Charles Cornell do now? 2 if your personality became the opposite of what its now, what occupation would you do?sing that clauses Do you agree? Tick or cross the boxes. can't be both succesful and nice. Oo ple sual hve to choose between profesional] nd their persona fe. are many diferent kinds of success not allot [2] are professional “Inthe end, only money and power really matter, o Tks possible tobe rich and stil have real friends: E] Your fails the most important thing inte.) Even sccesul person stands on tvirfamiy's — ] shoves Power corps and absolute power corrupts absolutely] 2 In pairs, choose three statements. Use these sentence starters to compare your opinions. | agree that | don't agree that. | think that | don't think that... Expressing opinions Using think Ithink \think you can be both successful and rice, but’ very affcult Idon't think... | don't think you can be both successful andnnice ‘We usually use an affirmative sentence after think/t don't think NOT Hvelpoweanbe Other verbs {strongly believe (that) ‘can’t believe (that) admit that). but Adjectives: im sure (that) It’s obvious that Its not true that Its ridiculous to say that Nouns tts. fact that {es a complete myth that The idea that. is simply wrong. | don't like the idea that 3 [BG] Listen and repeat. Copy the intonation. 4 Say something about opinions 1 to 8 from ex.1. Use phrases from the Expressing opinions box. | don't think it's possible to be rich and stil have friends, Change pairs. Cover your book. Compare your opinions from memory. thot dauses Reporting sentences contain two clauses. ‘Comment clause that clause {dont think «= that) Einstein was ever lazy. | was really shocked... that Einstein was so horrible tohis wife There's this idea . that Einstein was alazy child, ‘Many verbs, adjectives, and nouns can take a that clause. Verb I don't think (that) ‘Adjective | was really shocked that Noun There's this idea that that is optional with many adjectives and verbs (e.g. admit/ believe/think/ be sure/be ob vious /decide/promise/realze). It's obvious that ite obvious [eh people have lots of frends. »~ Against the clock! 5 Seta time limit In pairs, finish all che comments in the box below. 1 hope that my English will improve More expressions with that Verbs My parents always said that Teachers often suggested that Adjectives 1'm disappointed that ‘Most people are afraid that Nouns It an unpleasant fact that There's a common belief that hope that 1'm proud that ls worrying that Isa shame that Remember * Include general expressions lke thing/stuff/people/anything, etc. + Use words with their correct ‘dependent prepositions. + Use expressions with that. Speak out Talking about people who matter 1 Add two people to the Hall of Heroes. They ean be alive or dead, famous or unknown, special co the world or just co you. Think about why you chose them: * their achievements + theiepersonal qualities, + the difference they made to other people 2. In groups, describe your nwo people. Persuade the group to vote for them. Compare how you voted with the class.+ Learn phrases for controling conversations. Practise using the passive to ‘describe things that happen to you. Look at word combinations to describe travel ed bre 72 reels hr thom te le us off be plane = at 320 aml Luckiy, tetas yet: be joalt! Sea you sem, Megan 3 ><” Vocabulary tip Learn new words through stories. Most people usually remember stories. + Unk new words together into a story. You can include words not related by topic. + Learn a group of new words froma story someone tells you Speaking In Apri 1 et the urge to ear ‘ny head among the mountains. Adventure From Sydney, I called my wife 1 What happens in this j2qunay' fm omen article? cant) Ezabeth sad in a depletes dispirited vice. Her favurte ‘omeone calle you and 20Nt Was having her ninetieth * alls you and chday party in Boston ye iste it “The offe’s open I said. “Call Where would you me if you change your mind’ most like to go? Why? ‘Tvechanged it! eruechatwin Vocabulary Word combinations 1 Against the clock! In groups, continue these lists for five minutes. Who has the most? Places [Things [events [People Plane travel | airport suitcases | you checkin | passengers 2 Read Megan’s postcard. Where is she? What happened? 3 What travel problems do these wordsrefer to? 1 delayed=fight 2 appaling 3 dverted 4 closed 5 lack 6 late 4 Read about Megan’s return flight. 1 Complete sentences 1 to 10. Use these words. down of off on. onto to 1. We checked onto. the flight in good time. 2 But we were delayed due —— engine trouble. 3 We got —— the plane two hours late 4 And we eventually took —— 2.00 p.m.:five hours late. 5 But then we were diverted ——_ beh 6 There was.a severe lack —— information 7. When we landed, we all got —— the plane. 8 They made sure that noone was _____board 9 because —— _ the danger offre. 10 We eventually touched 2 Cover the endings of sentences 1 to 10. Explain the problems on the fight. in London seven hours late.+ teke off I? hours late/ technical Fault + toe_hotrs_ inte. fiigh ie Sdvactadt te Aihers/ problems bith the engines — + arrive in Athens /left For 38_wins—onplane eran taken off ‘wafers passengers ~* Waited #2 wins i Athens ~tarninal = no information ssengers refuse to See eb) checking ont Peach airline te Gablek + tote) delay #8 hours eens You can use these phrases to do jobs in conversations. * Use question tags (aren't yous they?) to encourage someone to tell you a bit more about something you already know. * Use Well, .../OK, ... Right, ../ Now, ... to start a series of questions, or to start a new topic! * Use And/So ...? to pick up on what someone has just said. Listening Complaining 1 Dean travelled home from Tel Aviy, Israel, to Gatwick, UK. Look at his notes, Say what happened. 2 Listen to Dean. 1 On his notes, tick the events ofthe journey as you hear them, 2 Listen again. What are the main things he complains about? 3 Have you experienced travel delays? Describe a trip that you remember well, English in use Controlling conversations 1 Listen to an extract from the interview. Notice the phrases in bold. Interviewer 1 Well, eventually, Dean, you took off 17 hours late, which is quite nual delay, 2 isn't it? Dean That's right, 17 hours late, and then we were told that we'd have concsssenat divert to Athens. Interviewer? So you touched down in Athens. What happened thenz Dean ‘We were then told that we weren't allowed to leave the plane ‘we were given really no information at al for about 40 minutes. Interviewer 5 Now, is it right that at one point the passengers actually 2 What jobs do the phrases in bold do in the interview? Complete che chart. Phrase Job in the interview isnt it? asks Dean to say more about something obvious starts the interview ‘picks up’ on what Dean is saying stops Dean talking about one topic and starts a new one _______asks an open question asks if something is true 3 Listen and repeat the ‘controlling phrases’. Copy the intonation. 4 How well do you know your partner? Ask about these topics. Use ‘controlling phrases’ from the box. vejsteyatsremanent{. Work study thik Of this town/city } places youve ‘ve been to do in your spare timeTravel broadens the mind. Don't travel to escape from your problems. ~ they'll still be there when you get back. Most people travel for a reason but few people know what it is. Traveling makes you more independent. Travel is glamorous only in retrospect. My nome is Sumita. | wos brought up in Bhor, near Bombay I was taught to respect my parents ond to do wht | was told, When I wos 12, we were sent to Cambridge by my father’s computer company, | was mode to feel very Aiferent from the other diilren ot my sthool ord 1 become very shy. Everyone seemed to be more independent than I ‘was. 1 bad never expressed on opinion contrary to my mother’s or father. I hod never even said ‘no to them —1 did not now how to But when | wor 17, 1 fell in love with Deve. He wos 19 ond we tolked bout getting married. It had olways been The passive 1 Compare two versions of ‘Sumita’s story. 1 Underline the differences, How many can you find? 2 Do they change the events of the story? 3 Do they change your understanding of Sumita and her family? Reading Journey of discovery 1 Which of these opinions about travel do you agree /disagree with? 2 Complete these phrases. opinion, up arranged, responsibility 1 respect my porents 2 express an 3 an_____ marriage 4a girl sweating shy make 5 travel the coast, 6 a choice Pi —— 8 inthe heat 3 Now read about a Hindu git! called Sumita. Decide in pairs... 1. What was Sumit lke at the beginning? How did she change? 2 Think of a good title for the story understood that my marriage would be ‘orranged for me when | finished school ot 18, so when Dove and I were found out, ‘my father soid that! hod to recur to Bhor to many Prakesh Kumar, the man who hhad been chosen for me. Dave and 1 ron away. He hod some money and we spent two weeks traveling up the coost from town to town, The weather was hot. We lay sweating on soft beds with the windows wide open. We ote fish and dips, ond donk beer. | made choices ‘One moming, Dave telephoned his fomily tand he become quiet. The next doy, he soid we had to go back We argued. He said he could not accept the responsibility 1 hod no money of my own so I telephoned ‘my parents ond we both retumed. My father was ongry but polite Do you love Dove?" he asked ‘me. ‘No,’ replied, Iewas the ‘excitement had loved. My father ‘osked me to retum to Bhor ‘ond mary Prokesh Kumar I s0id no, 4 Look again at the opinions about travel above. Which ones are true for Sumita? persion 1 My nome is Sumita. 1wos brought up inBhor near Bomboy. wos taught to respect, my porents and to” do what | wos tod When | wos 12, we were sent to Cambridge by ftir’ compaser company Ie had calves boen understood that my rmerrioge would be orranged for me when | finished soo! ot 18, so when Dave and | were found out, my father sid thot hod to etum t9 Bhor to morry Prokesh Kamar, the ‘man who had been chosen for me Version 2 r ‘My name is Sumita. 1 grew up in hor, near Bombay. | leamed to respect ‘my porents and to do what they told me. When | was 12, we moved to Cambridge for my father’s work. My family had clways wanted to arrange ‘my martioge for me when 1 finished séiool ot 18, so when my father found ‘out about Dave and me, he said thet 1 hhad to return to Bhor to marry Prokesh ‘Kamar, the man they had chosen for me.Do you need to know what caused these events? 1 Iwas made to feel cifferent from the other children, 2. Dave and | were found out 3 Prakesh Kumar jwas) the man who had been chosen ome, 3 Tick experiences / opinions which are true for you. 1 I've been delayed several times by public ‘transport. 2 Tve been robbed in the past. 3 I've been injured and gone to hospital. 4 [was taught really well at school: I found most subjects really interesting. 5 I want to be corrected every time I make a mistake with my English, 6 [was born in a hospital, 7 Vd like my marriage to be arranged by people who care about us. 8 In my family, we always had to do what we were told | 9 Lwas punished quite a lot as a child because Z Twas very naughty! 10 Women aren't given the same rights and ‘opportunities as men in my country. 4 In 1 to 10 above, highlight the passive phrase. ‘Underline the past participle. Circle the be part. When | was at school, to be a genius. Speak out Interviews Remember * Use a variety of expressions for describing travel. * Use the passive to describe things that happened to you. + “Ty to practise techniques for controling conversations. 1 What has changed you? 1 Think of an adventure or ajourney or an important stage of your life. 2 Remember the main events, Make notes for five minutes. ‘Active v. passive There are often two ways of describing an experience. + The active voice describes what you do to the world and to yoursel.t suggests that you make a choice. ( gres up in Brox. (earned to respect my parents anc, to do what they tohd me. + The passive voice describes what the world does to You. Itsuggests lack of choice | was brought up in Bhor. was taught to respect my parents and to do what 1 was told Using the passive The passive is a way to avoid saying the cause of events, when we don't need to know want to say. We use it * when itis not relevant or when we don'tknow who didi. Our bags were inspected before we went in + tobetactiul ‘Mistakes have been made. Recognizing the passive ‘The passive has two parts Verb be Past participle (was considered tobeagenius. My marriage would be arranged forme. Have you ever been robbed inthe past? 5 Practise asking with the passive. 1, Make questions from experiences opinions 1 to 10. Have you ever been delayed by public transport? Were you taught well when you were at school? 2 Ask your questions round the class. Find one person ‘who says ‘yes! for each 6 In pairs, choose two sentences which are true for yout partner, and interesting to you. Find out as ‘much as you can about them. 2 In pairs or groups, talk about your experiences. 1 Take turns to describe. Try not to read from your notes. 2 Ask questions. Find out if people changed. How do they feel about i?Practise recognizing and using expressions for speculating, explaining, and disagreeing. Look at how we use non-dentitying relative causes for adding comments and explanations. © Learn vocabulary for describing bolief and chance. Pe Ce Reno Per ea Pee ie 0 tip After each stage of a lesson/ a conwersation/ reading an article, write down all the vocabulary you didn’t know. include: * now words * new phrases * word combinations Remember key words as you go through each section ofthis Unit. At the end, recall the vocabulary ‘rom each section. Speaking Dreams 1 The picture shows a scene from a dream. Think ofa good explanation for the dream. 2 Do dreams have meanings? Why do you think so? Vocabulary Belief and chance 1 Read the text. What is he talking about? 2 Match words/phrases 1 to 6 from the text with the definitions a to a by coincidence d it's impossible to understand [1] b with system ormethod [] © mysterious Ge ¢ ishappening Ot powers oO 3. What are the chances of these events happening? There's a good chance of it happening. Itmight happen but i's not very likely. t've heard of something lke this happening. It's happened to me. No chancet 1 You're thinking of phoning an old friend you haven't spoken to for months. ‘That same day, he/ she rings you. 2 You suddenly feel that something terrible has happened. Later, you find out that at exactly the same moment, a close friend had an accident thousands of miles away. You dial a number at random and get through to someone you know. ‘You win £25,000 on the National Lottery just when you need it most. You shout for rain when you need it and it rains. You're abroad on holiday with your wife/ husband girlfriend boyfriend, and their previous lover is staying at the same hotel, alone, by chance! 4 Say these words aloud. accident @ee happen power believe impossible random coincidence likely terrible forces mysterious understand 1 Choose the correct stress pattern: 2 [Ex uisten, check, and repeat.Listening Explanations 1 [BB] Listen. Complete the definitions. 1 the Gulin Mountains place in 2 residents people who 3 yell to shout very 4 apool a small area of 2. Listen again. Can you explain the strange phenomenon? 3 Listen to Clare and Andy. 1 What strange event are they arguing about? 2 Who is the sceptic? Who isthe believer? 4 Listen again. Who says these? Write Andy (A) or Clare (C). its nt just coincidence 2 just don't think that there’s anything strange going on 3 how do they know it was ‘atthe very same moment’ 4 5 It could be pure chance itr may be that there's some force that connects people 6 strange things happen by chance sometimes anyway 5 In pairs, look at the Tapescript on p-110. 11 Summarize a) what Clare believes, b) what Ardy believes. 2 Whose point of view do you agree with most? Why? English in use Speculating, explaining, disagreeing 1 Clare and Andy use these phrases. Translate them. Itcould be pure chance Itimay be that there's some force that connects people 2. Practise speculating. How do you think this story originated? Use the ‘speculating? phrases in the box. Use could be/may be to express possible explanations. ‘could / may be noun coincidence + conjuinetion because of spirits that the airs full that of water, and when you shout... Listen out for ‘signposting’ expressions when someone is explaining something * Well, you see, and | mean show that we are about to ‘explain something (again). ‘7m (ust) saying (that) or 1'm not saying (that) show that \we are going to say something ina different clearer way. 3 (Ga) Listen again to Clare and Andy. Complete the gaps. ‘1 Well___ I mean, itis very unusual, but you 2__1 just. don't think that there's anything strange going on. Andy 13 : Clare I'm not £ understand it but it may be that there’s some. force that connects people Andy _ I'm $__ saying that it’s not very likely. Andy if we do have these powers, then .4 ZB Listen to how Andy and Clare disagree. Notice the expressions You can hear when someone is in bold in the Disagreeing box. going to disagree by recognizing | § [&) Listen and repeat. Copy the intonation. expressions like But ..., LOOk ... imsorry ...ltsjust that .., and | 6 What do you say to someone who says this? paenas ae ciseo|__ VE won £7.50 and C10 on the National Lottery soft. It was raining both times. Obviously, there's a connection. Rain brings good luck to the fields Tao rei sorty. tts [ust at and the plants and so on, so it probably brings good luck to me too. So now. \dorrt believe thatwe have: I'm only going to play when it’s raining and I'm sure I'l win a lot more. strange powers Lust don't see why weneed to 1 Think of three things you could say. Use the expressions from this section Rika ols bene. 2 Inpairs, roleplay a conversation with this person. Then swap. Reading Difficult situations 1. How suspicious are you? 1 Put yourself in ths situation. Answer Yes or No each time. rings to say she can’t meet you. calls you at 12.30 a.m.to say she Are you suspicious? loves you — says she has to have dinner with his D.you believe him/her? ‘her patents. — says the ‘someone else’ was a Do you believe him/her? cousin: his/her parents were talking to friends at another table. Do you believe him/her? is seen in a restaurant with someone One evening, °'s*- Are you suspicious? ~ says you can‘t come round now ~-your gitlfriend/ because s/he has a headache. hoyfriend a. ~ ‘svat home when you ring at Do you believe him / her? ‘Are you suspicious? 2 Compare in groups. Who is the most suspicious? Who is the most trusting? 2. Look ata true story from a magazine. 1 Where would you expect to find these? afaxmachine phone box anotice board an employee number 2. Read ‘Wrong number’. Underline the strange events, 3. Cover the text, From memory, explain what was strange. When Joson’ wife Helen, saw 3 What would Jason say to Helen? What would Helen say to Jason? hhim in @ phone box talking to a Roleplay their conversation. woman called Sue, suspicious. Would you be? Read what happened. earlier, Finding his home number on the The number Sue found on the notice boord ‘Sue Hamiton was working alone in notice boord, she called him ond began to was not Josons phone number atoll Ie was her office when the fax machine exploin the problem. But Jason quiély his employoe number, which was the same ‘broke down. Unoble to fix it, she stopped her. not at home’, he explained. a5 the number of the phone box he wos decided to call her colleague, Jason ‘I just happened to be welking past this walking pst when she called Fealer who hod set off home a tle phone box when itrang.ond lansweredit!) FourNon-identifying relative clauses Non-dentifying relative clauses are a way of adding to sentences. They usually begin with which, who, or where. + They add opinions. She thinks its some kind of mysterious power, which think is stupid. “+ They add more detail. She called her colleague, Jason, who had set off home| aiitle earlier. a group of pools called the Mysterious Lakes, where the air is hot and wet lin everyday speech, they often come at the end of ‘sentences, They are a way of ‘adding on’ extra bits and pieces as you think of them. In writing, and in organized [prepared speech, they often come in the middle of sentences, 1 Look at ‘Wrong number’ on p.66 again. 1 Undertine the two nondentifying relative clauses. 2 Complete this version with non identifying relative clauses Sue wos working late one evening, There wos problem with the fox mochine, _________, so she ‘decided to ring Jason, who had alreody gone home. She rang his home number, ‘ond Joson answered it 2. These words come from two newspaper articles. 1. What are they about, do you think? A Jim Fitzgerald of B Loch Ness Kilburn, London myth National Lottery whales and dolphins birthplace in ireland 2 In pairs, A turn to p.101, B to p.104. Read and. memorize your text. 3 Close your books, A dictate your text to B from memory. Then swap. 4. Now check with the texts. Find four non-identifying relative clauses, In pairs, read these situations, Think of possible explanations. Use a relative clause in each one. 1 After a family meal, everyone is very sick and has to {90 to hospital - except the person who cooked it. 2. Pedro's waiting for the lift. t arrives, the door opens, ‘and his wife is inside, in the arms of another man, 3 You have just lft the office. The secunty alarm goes ‘off. You go back in to turn it off. The boss is sitting on his desk wearing only his underwear. 4 Which pair has the best explanations? Remember © Practise vocabulary for expressing belief disbelief and coincidence, © Tryto include and recognize ‘expressions for speculating, ‘explaining, and disagreeing. © Use relative clauses accurately for adding comments and ‘explanations. Speak out Difficult explanations 1 In pairs, A turn to p.102, B to p.104. Situation 1 Ais the parent / Bis the child. Roleplay an explanation. Situation 2 Ais the wife /Bis the husband. Roleplay a coincidence. 2. In situations like this . 1 Are you more often a sceptic of a believer? 2 Who in the group is the most least sceptical? lary challenge! Vocabulary [Listening [English in use [Reading Grammar | Speak out you remember? In each section, all the new words, phrases, ‘word combinations that you ‘remember from this Unit. atrandom |yell itcould be... |faxmackine |myth | jealousA WHAT WE WANT Son Speaking + takabouthow youspendyourtine, | Ey dnd what yu ey. Enjoyment * Look at different uses of ing forms. 1 Finish this sentence: Right now, I'd really like to be + Practise making requests, (ing) 2. How much do you enjoy your life? Look at the activities below. at home Out and about free time doing homework shopping for food reading cooking taking children to schoo! playing football sleeping taking the dog for awalk going for walks repairing the car going to evening classes visiting friends eve ieusar r 4 inyour occupation general life very enjoyable working at a computer talking to strangers a writing talking to family having meetings smoking drinking doing accounts traveling @ hurrying/ waiting unnecessary yen 1 Cross cut the things you dont de or hardy aver do 2 Infve minutes, foreach heading, Is te actives that you often do . 2 Now choose the ten acts you spend mast of your time dong. Putten . dots to represen them on a Ue enjoyment chart ike ts rot coat 4 Inpas leokat your chats. who asthe most enjoyable ie, and win? Reading Getting what we want 1 In pairs, read the beginning of a magazine feature. 11 What isthe feature about this week? 2. What answers do you expect from the readers? Make five suggestions 2 In pairs, A turn to p.102, B to p.105. Read the Readers’ Replies Complete che table. Part 2: The Happiness Factor In this, the second of cur series on faking control of our lives, we print 2 3, Remember the information in the table, selection of readers! answers {0 the tear tala paneer 11 Tell your partner about the Replies you read. 2 Read your partner’s Replies. Do you agree with ther? If not, why not? Readers Replies1 Do you agree with these comments? 1 Cooking is really relaxing thing todo inthe evening 2. don’t want to have a baby - | couldn't stand the crying 3 | believe in doing what you want. 4 fyou don't ike something, avoid doing it 2 Look at the Language box below. Underline examples in comments 1 to 4 above. Then in pairs, make your own comments about cooking, babies, and making decisions. Four uses of the “ing form 1 As an adjective (usualy describing the effect something hhas on you) What's the most frightening experience you've had? 2 As the subject or object ofa verb ‘Standing ten feet away from a white rhino is scary | don’t like visiting people much. 3 Alter prepositions Going with someone is very diferent from travelling on your own, 4 ‘Aiter some verbs, ¢.g. avoid, mind, recommend, risk, spend, suggest, believe I think you'll be happy ifyou can avoid arguing. | spent three days repairing the car. ing forms as adjectives and subjects 3 Complete sentences 1 co 8. Use adjectives from the box. amusing entertaining irritating boring exciting terrifying ‘comforting exhausting understanding confusing frightening worrying embarrassing frustrating _interesting 1 Everyday activites lke cooking and washing are boring Ifyou do them by yourself Monster fims tke ‘Godzlla’ are Learning a new language can be My gidtriendiboyriendivifethusband is Not having enough money can be ind work very Traveling abroadis usualy. Visiting people soften 4 Make sentences with two adjectives you didn’t use. -ing forms after prepositions S Match these sentences with a or b. Explain the difference. 1 dream of being rich a My husband and me. 2 Idream ofus being rich. _b_Just me 3 Iworry about driving. | dont ike driving 4 I worry about him driving __b_ He drives so fast. 5 ‘often complain about a I worklate. working late. bb She works late. often complain about her working late 7 tmfedup with smoking. Ismoke too much. 8 {'m fed up with him smoking. b He smokes too much 6 Finish these sentences so they are true for you. Use an -ing form. 1 Loften dream of .. 2 sometimes worry about 3 I get alot of pleasure from .. 4 tmbored with 5 Ido sometimes get fed up with 6 trmreally looking forward to 7 think 'm capable of -ing forms after verbs 7 Are these good /bad advice for you at the moment? 1 Atalltimes, avoid doing things you don't enjoy. 2 Consider changing your career 3. You mustrisk losing some things you enjoy in order to sgetother things 4 Spend more time having fun 5 | recommend prioritizing: decide which things are ‘most important to you. In English, these verbs are often followed by .. + anoun We avoided the discussion. + an-ing form We avoided talking about it. sider a ‘imagir Eon Saat” tebe ae ‘spend, iggest 8 What follows these verbs in your language? 9 In groups, practise giving advice. 1. On your own, write on a piece of paper three things you want from life that you haven't already got. Give the papers to another group. 2. Read the papers and agree on what advice you would give, Use at least two “ng forms.We use Can |...? for smaller requests/ with people we know well (Can I... use the phone? We use Could |... for larger requests/with people we don't know so well Could |. use your loo? We use Could you ...? when ‘we want the other person to do something. Could you... say that again? We often give a reason/comment to make our request sound ‘softer’. Can | use the phone? | have to calla taxi We often introduce a request with Vm sorry, ¥'m sorry, could | use the phone? Ea ‘6.35pm Antiques Roadshow From Highdere Caste in Berkshire, ‘where the experts value a cabinet and anart deco pendant, 261920, 7.20pm Holiday Guide to. The Holiday Team offer”anin-dopth guide to” the worlds top _vavel destinations. Ths week, the Caribbean. 1385659 8.00pm FILM Chinatown Taller set in Thirties LA. (125 mins, 1974) Staring: Jack Nichokon, Faye Dunaway, John Huston ‘aaio4 English in use Making requests 1 Do the Questionnaire. Compare answers. ‘Questionnaire: Hospitality rules Imagine youre visiting acquaintances. What do you do in these situations? ** You need a cigarette butno one ese Issmoking, * Your glass is empty and you want another érink, * Youwant to go to the loo. * Youre stil hungry and theres more food onthe table. ‘You realize you need to make phone call You're cold. You're not sitting near the fre. * You don't drink. Everyone’ having wine. Theres no juice or water on the table. * You suddenly fee dizey, anda bit sick. * You dirt hear what someone said 2 Imagine you are visiting someone in Britain, 1. What would you say in the situations above? Use Can /Could | Could you ..? 2 What answers would you expect? 3 (BQ) Listen to some requests. 1 How do they pronounce Can ?and ?and Could |...? 2 Listen again and repeat. Copy the intonation. 4 Imagine you are staying with a British family. Make requests. ‘You wennt someone to phone the station for you to ask about trains to You don’t want to have breakfast anymore. + You want to understand a strange British custom or phrase (think of one) You want to have a fiend from home to stay for a weekend. Listening Asking a favour 1 Against the clock! In pairs, skim the extract from a TV magazine in five minutes. 1. What channels are listed? 2 How many fiction programmes are listed, e.g. flms, dramas ...? 3. Whyis there a number at the end of each programme listing? 4 Find one programme you would like to watch, '5- Find one programme that would be good for your English. rene Anal sarae Soqen Tete Aart Tape Fon uot SKY SPORTS See ee a ne wea Oe piece aeiat he sewaltecoicii neice wiecafte iAipaal id, ae eve “Gece Tee en eae eae cre amar 257 Fahey News Upcte Be Ce sities Sr Us ecil-iN ‘US sci-fi drama series, Voyager responds Second in a three-part , ate ote ‘Coverage of one of the to a distres call from an allen ship. 265746 7.30pm The Money Programme Busines and finance magazine, ‘8.00pm A History of Alternative Comedy Tonight, the new wave of Bits comesiansin the 80s, 7611 307 documentary series looking at Johnny Vaughan interviews ‘sypestar Madoona. 2720 Carradine Write series. Tonight, the lion population of Etosha in Goldie Hawn and David weekend's matches in Spain's the Beirut hostage crs. This Primera Liga. eores: Namibia. (Rpt) $362340 ‘weet, the ran Contra dea i 8.30pm Unbelievable Sports {231920 9.00pm FILM Bird on a Wire a 10.15pm Johnny meets Comedy thier (105_m ns. 9.00pm American Football — Shas 1990) Staring: Mel Gibson, "Live Coverage of the second NFL 972063 Championship match. $229)Note For negative requests we just add not. Could you not ..? ‘The stress is on not We tend to use if you could... (often with then just) later in a series of requests, .- and then, ifyou could just. do the -ing is used for jobs/ duties J offered to do the washing-up. 0 -ing is used for... * free-time outdoor or active activities (oicnicking, dancing) We're going saling ths afternoon. + sports, ifthe sports a verb {to fish, torun, to climb) He likes going ishing on Sundays BUT ifthe sport is a noun football, tennis, basketball) we Use ploy. He likes playing tennis. We don't tend to use go/do with ‘passive’ or indoor activities (reading, watching TV, playing music). Id ike to read NOT Hebthetongenconeciog Remember + Include as many phrases as you can to describe activities in your lite at work/at homerin general. + Use ing forms correctly, especially with go and do, + Make requests politely. 2 Lynn and Mick are visiting friends. Listen to Part 1. Number the things Lynn says in order. asks someone to video something J) asks to look at the TV information 5] ass to use the phone 3 Listen to Part 2 1 Circle the TV programmes which Lynn asks Sean to record 2. What tape does she ask Sean to use? 4 Listen to the whole thing again. Can you hear these phrases? 1 Cantborrow the phone? 6 Could youdo me a favour? 2 Cani phone home? 7 Could you video the Fina? 3 Yes, of course. 8 Could you not use the tape that's in there? 4 Sure, go ahead. 9 Hfyou could just find a blank tape .. 5 CantborowaTvmag? 10 And then, i you could record ‘Hostage’? § Listen and repeat. Copy the intonation. 6 Choose five phrases to learn, In pairs, A turn to p.102, B to p.108. Roleplay telephone conversations. Use the five phrases, Vocabulary do the -ing, go -ing 1 Put these activities into two groups in a chart like this. cooking swimming walking Jobs/duties | Free time activities camping dimbing traveling, sailing washingup cleaning ¢20King shopping dancing washing 2 Which group of words can we use after .? + Imgoingtodothe ..? + tmgoingtogo...? 3 Right or wrong? Correct the wrong ones. "ike to go reading in the library but isn't very comfortable there | went to watch satelite TV at Pedro's house. 1'm going playing music this evening at Mick’s house. | went to fish when | was in Cambridge, but there's nowhere to go here. | want to go climbing but there are no facilities here at all. \We went footballing and the pitch was awful {'m going to play tennis tomorrow at the gym. My family goes planicking in the woods every weekend. eyousunas Speak out Improving life for everyone In groups, think about activities and facilities in your area. How can they be improved? Make a lise of suggestions. Choose the best three Present your ideas to the class. Explain the reason for each.18 + Learn words for talking about the future. + Practise speculating about the future nd if going to, wil, might, mo * Use phrases for expressing Uncertainty about your plans. West Sussex-ecology group We must prepafe-forthe future. OF personal level, that's Why We goto college, take out surance, and pay into_pension plans. On a national level, that is why we have laws, emergency services, and hospitals. We hope forthe best and expect the worst But there is now no doubt that we also need to do something on an intermational level because we are likely to face recession, species ‘extinaton, and polution on a global scale. if we don't change the way we lve, there isa good chance that we will wipe out our own ciullzation Vocabulary tip ‘Learn what comes next: + asingle word, eg. a noun | predict disaster. + a group of words, eg. ~ that clause: | predict that there willbe a recession. ~ talinfritive: expect to see him. = prepositional phrase: We must prepare for the future. Most words can be followed by ‘more than one form. Check in your dictionary. FUTURE NOT GUARANTEED Speaking Predictions 1 In pairs, write four things about you or about the world. Something that will... [definitely happen | might happen unfortunately hopefully 2 Compare with another pair. Vocabulary Words for talking about the future 1 Read the newsletter. Underline what you agree /lisagree with. 2 What comes next? 1. Choose one word from the box for 1 We'renotikely to to 2 There's no doubt _ that 3. There's @ good chance 4 Its a good idea to prepare 2. Choose two or three wards from the box. for 5 Wehope to 6 We're sure/certain that 7 We expect 3. How do we use these adjectives? 1 Tick the chart. Iajectves sure [certain [ike [possible [probable describing certain events The end of civiization is describing your certainty tm... there'llbe arecession. | + infinitive ‘Species are ... to become extinct. 2. Make the five adjectives negative. Use un- or in. 4 Find two places in this sentence to pur definitely / possibly / probably / certainly. ‘The world is getting warmer, and we're causing it.$. Whar’s the possibility of these events affecting you in the future? losing your way economic recession losing your job pollution getting il the extinction of edible fish nuclear war ‘an earthquake being ina house fire an asteroid strike getting old being in a car accident Vl certainly lose my way at some point. ‘An earthquake is unlikely where | come from. Listening Getting information 1 In groups, think of five news stories you've heard recently. 2 Write questions you can ask yourself when you hear a news item. 1 understood it? 3 Jimportant? 5 How/feel/about i 2 true? 4 How/aftect/ me? 3 Listen to this item of TV news, 1. Whats it about? 2 What pictures do you think they showed on the TV? 4 True or false? Listen again and check. 1 Asteroid XF11 is half amile in ameter. 2 itis certain to pass close to the Earth 3 There's a one ina thousand chance that it wil hit us. 4. Deep Impact isa fim by Stephen Spielberg about asteroids hitting the Earth 5 if Asteroid XF11 hits us It could kl ailion people and wipe out ciilzation 6. You're more likely to be killed in a car accident than hit by Asteroid XF11. 5 Answer the five questions in ex. 2. Explain your answers in groups. Speculating about the future 1 Look at opinions 1 0 3. 1 You can't be absolutely certain what's going to 1. What are they talking about in each text? 2 Doyou agree with them? 2. Look at expressions they use to refer to the future. 1 Highlight these future forms in the texts, going to may/might/could might well will will definitely will probably won't 2 Put them in the chart below. + to suggest absolute certainty / inevitability soing to + to suggest possibility and to speculate = more possible 5 less possible 3 There are some hhappen in the future, No one would ever dare to say, ‘This is going to happen’, or This is sure to happen’, because there could be @ nuclear war tomorrow. We right get hit by an asteroid next week with absolute certainty and others that we can't For example, all of us will die one day. You will definitely bel or have an accident some time ‘in your life. You might well have a car accident (especialy if you are a male diver) And if you smoke, you will get il, which is why we always ask that question on life insurance polices.».: Against the clock! 3 Seta time limit 5 Listen and repeat the sentences. 6 Which of these events might happen to you? Make as many true sentences as you can from the ‘[faliniove = get angry + geta new job ae + passanexam + rot come to cass + get wet Pm going to live until 100. Use these words and phrases, wail will won't might well. gy \ may/might/could to might may could tm gong Sarah fare | might go abroad it get a new job. 4 Now relax. Look at these opinions about smoking. Which sentence do you agree with most? Why? 1 Hyou smoke, you will get il, 2 fyousmoke, you will probably get il 3. ifyou smoke, you might well get il. 4 You won't getil just because of smoking, 7 What's the possibility of these events happening to you? How might they happen? + getmarried (again) +‘ become millionaire brave an accident live in another country lose your way + catcha cold + geta medal + beonTV lose all your money keep your health well into old age Mi nt How do you make important decisions? Find out with this week's Quick Questionnaire. Which advice do you agree with ‘most? Circle a or b each time, La Ifyounave a decision to make, ‘ake your time: the consequences could last forever, Make an instant decision. If you think about things too much, you'l find reasons to do things that you don't relly want to do. 2 3 Your feelings may change. Make alist of pros and cons and compare them. Trust your feelings. Decide with your heart, not your mind. Ba. Deep inside, you know what you aking decisions 1 In pairs, do the Questionnaire. How similar are you? a Ifyou have two choices, predict what the consequences might be then choose the one that is most likely to lead to happiness. ‘eally want, so if you have any doubts, don't do itt Don’t be controlled by your fears. Take a risk! You always regret the things you don’t do. » Life is too complicated to predict the Consequences of ary action. If you hhave two choices, imagine yourself doing ther, and choose the one that makes you feel happiest. If you are unsure, get someone else's opinion: someone wha knows you well Don’t let other people persuade you: you are the one wo will hhave to ive withthe consequences. answers you have the cera you are, ppl ge tg i more inp andemetonal ov are, Compare how you make these decisions. + deciding which fat or house to move into + deciding how to vote + deciding whether to marry someone or not + choosing between two jobs + deciding whether to have a child ornot + deciding where to go on holiday In fours, A curn to p.102, B to p.103, C to p.105, and D to p.105. 1 Read andl memorize your e-mail message lke tis: + Find six key words in the message and write them down. + Try to remember the message from the key words. + Test yourself until you can say the whole message correctly 2 Say your messages aloud to the group. Decide what's happened / what is happening. 3. What would you advise Monica to do? Why?TEEN Positive fim sure (that) I'l find a job, ‘Know (that) well be happy. Negative Fr not sure if can (come out fn not sure what time we finish {don't know if | should. | don’t know what to do. (Eee Positive I think so, [hope so Negative | don't think so. ‘hope not. Remember + Include as many expressions as you can for certainty, probability, and doubt about the future. + Use going to, wil, might, may, and it correctly. * Practise phrases with sure, think, English in use Saying you’re uncertain 1 Listen to Steve asking Daniel out for a drink. 1. Does Daniel go? 2 What does Daniel do this evening, and why? ‘3. What do you think ofthe decision he's made? 2 Listen again for these phrases. Is Daniel sure or unsure each time? What about? 1. t'm not sure if | can 6 Oh, 'm sure I'l find a computer company Z| hope so. 4 Don't thinks. fied 3 Listen and repeat. Copy the intonation. 4 Read the Using sure and know bos. 1 When do we use a that clause? When do we use ifr wh- word (what when, etc? 2 Say what you are sure about and not sure about. this evening the weather next weekend your career or job your English studies your next holiday 5 Read che Using think and hope box. 1 Which is the edd one out? Why? 2. Reply using think and hope. 1 Areyou in love? | don’t think so. | hope not! 2 Is it going to rain tomorrow? 3 ts there a party this weekend? 4 Shouldn't you be in an exam right now? 5 Wasn't that you on the TV last night? 6 Didn't the teacher say she'd take everyone out this evening? Speak out Making arrangements In pairs, practise persuading your partner. 1 Ask your partner to do something + this evening / sometime this weekend + next week + any other time inthe future 2 Bhas decided to leave. A tries to persuade him/her not to. Choose one of these. EITHER As B's boss. ‘OR Aand Bare lovers. OR Ais B's teacher. 8 FUTURE NOT GUARANTEED 75a ne ala ala Practise phrases to talk about things ‘you've heard Focus on using soy, and reported speech. Learn how to use ask, say, tl, ete. Family secrets 1 Do you think of yourself as ..2 a secretive b open Do you keep seerets from ..? a your parents bb your brothers/sisters ‘3. Who are you more honest with ..? your parents 'b your brothers/sisters Have you ever sald anything Which shocked 2 your parents b your brothers/sisters Do you ever tell other people's secrets t0 2 2 your parents, bb your brothers/sisters 6 Do you think you have a good relationship with ..? a your parents your brothers/sisters Speaking What did you say? 1 In pairs, ask and answer as quickly as you can. 1 Who was the frst person you talked to today? What did you both say? 2. Who was the last person you spoke to before class? What did you both say? 3 Can you remember one useful thing that a teacher or parent has told you? 4 What phrases does the teacher typically say? How many can you think of? 5 Canyou remember a joke? 2 How much did you remember? Compare with the class. Listening Listening for gist and attitude 1 Answer the Questionnaire for you. Compare in pairs. Say why. 2 [BB] Listen to a radio incerview with two sisters. 1 Listen to Part 1, Wit Liz o Kate is extremely secretive, _—__ can'tkeep secrets. 2 Listen to Part 2. What's the connection between these things? secret France boyfriend 3 Listen to Part 3. Finish these statements, + kate decided, later, to tell, + Hermother .. + Kate was parents 3 What do you think of Kate and Liz’s relationship ..2 + with each other with their mether 4 Ask in pairs, How similar are you? 1. What sorts of things do you (and don't you) tell your parents? Why? 2. Do your parents tell you what they're thinking or how they feel? 3. Doyou pay any attention to the things that they tell you? 4 Are grandparents important in your farnily fe? 5 What sort of relationship would you lke to have with your children?Vocabulary Reporting verbs 1 Against the clock! Which group can finish first? {ke nae to plan he raaring of ta operetta ib pat Tools gues weichove youre ny soa explain 2. One verb from the box goes in all these phrases. Which one? athe ‘They ___ me yesterday. speak ‘They me to go abroad last week. ee i ‘Then they ___ me if had ... (a pen) 2 Correct the use of as, say, and tellin these sentences. 1 | dida’t say my parents anything when | was young 2 Once | asked to them if | could visit a friend. They told yes. 3 Then my friend and | went off camping. | didn't tell to my parents what we were doing 4 And | said my friend not to say them anything ether 5 | did say them about i later, and they told that they knew. 6 They asked me that they had followed us and made sure that we wee al right. 3 Number Kate's story about her sister Liz in order. C1 Unfortunately, Liz told my parents. But she asked them not to tell me that she had told them. (1 Terry asked me if fd go to Toulouse with him for the weekend. | said, “Oh, fd love to. 1 Sot asked her why. And she told me that my sister had already told hel Bitola my sister, Liz, what | was doing, but not my parents. Liz said that | should tell them. Vocabulary tp (CJ Atew months later, | told my mother aboutit. She wasn't as shocked as ‘As you make a list of words to learn thought she'd be. (eg. from a lesson), lst them under eee tteneonlcwhorsed 4 Think ofa family occasion, Can you remember what was said? them/in the order they occurred + an occasion that shows what sort of family you are Go through the conversation n your + an occasion that became a family joke or part of family history + a significant occasion (e.g. when someone left home /an anniversary ..) hhead, using the words. Reporting Direct speech We usually use say in direct speech ... + when we are reporting conversations. | said, ‘00 you live round here?’ ond he said, ‘No’ ‘and | said, ‘But | always see you round here’, and he said, "Yes, ! work just round the corner’. + when the exact words are important. Can you remember any quotations? Tell your partner. General de Gaulle said." ‘What mistakes do'you Think of a conversation ‘both make in English? that you have had in the What Neil Armstrong actually said was, ‘That's one ink ofsome examples. last. week. ‘small step for man, ene glant leap for marking? but | What should you say instead? How much of ican you hhe probably meant to say, ‘one small step fora man’.| often say'..but you remember? instead ——-Shesoid “ond then 1 Practise direct speech. Choose from these activities. said.78 2 Which of these are true for you? ‘When | was young, ! didn’t know that Father Christmas, wasn’t real + remember a time when | thought that the moon was the size of my hand, * ound out that you needed money in shops when | was six Think of more examples around the class. 3 Match the pictures to sentences 1 to 4. indirect speech Ifthe speaking wasin the past, we usually put the whole sentence in the past (even if tis stil true) ‘A Where's Stuart? B I think he's gone, He said he wasn't feeling very well ‘A Oh. Thats strange, because he said he wanted to come. Using different tenses {we are reporting later events or previous events, we: 1 told them that Jane was in France. 2 told them that Jane hhad been to France. 3 I said she was going to have a baby. 4 I said she had a baby. = Against the clock! 4 Seta time limit usually put the speaking and the events in different tenses) * Ife are reporting plans and intentions, we use would or was/were going to. He said he would meet us at 6.00. | told them | was going to go home. + Ife are reporting previous events, we usually use the past perfect. He said he'd been a singer (when he was younger) BUT often, we don't need to use the past perfect ifitis already obvious. He said he was a singer before he went into teaching. Do a and b probably mean the same (S) o different (D)? [D] 1 2 Anntold Joe that she had bought to tickets to Wimbledon for his birthday bb Ann told Joe that she was ‘going to buy two tickets to Wimbledon for his birthday. (12 a He toid her ne had taken the day off work. tHe told her he would take the day off work [13 2 His boss said that they were His boss said that they were really busy. going to be really busy 5 Now relax. In pairs, choose sentences. Tell the story. (114 @ He asked Joc ithe would doa [] 7 @ He sid it ha been the best few hours’ extra work that dy. day of his if. tHe asked Joe if he had done a tHe said it was the best day of few hours extra work that dy. nis ite Joe rang work that morning and said that he was sick and wouldn't come in. bb Joe rang work that moming b and said that he had been sick and wouldn't come in. [7] 9 a ‘She asked him if he was enjoying the game. b bb She asked him if he hed enjoyed the game. [18 a Atwork the next day, his boss ‘asked him if he had enjoyed the game, [At work the next dy his boss 2st him ihe enjoyed the game. He sei that he aso took the day off ~ and saw Joe on V1 He'sid that he had als taken the day off ~ and had seen Joe on TV POP STAR ARRESTED IN CLUB BRAWL Pop star Bel Hansson (24) was arrested ast night when police were called ta club in Soho following aight in which, it was said, she ‘kicked and punched” her partner of two years, the fo6tballer Paolo Rossi (2). Ms Hansson was released afer two hours but was not available for comment. ETA Reading Comparing and assessing information 1. Read the extract. Explain the highlighted words, 2 Cover the extract, What facts do you know about Bel and Paolo? 3. Now read these comments. Whose side are you on? Paolo Bel having an affair with (someone) she went wild carrying on with (someone) he dropped her he had to finish it he was never untarthful who can blame her? friends came out.in her defence she's had a hard time she just couldn't let go 4 Read more about Bel and Paolo, Pair A turn to p.102, Pair B to p.105.English in use Saying how reliable information is 1 How many famous names can you put on the board in one minute? They must be alive today. 2. Read the newspaper extracts. Explain these words. ‘caught by the camera in holiday love-nest. lovenest dodgy business love-child giveitup quarrel divorce 3 [BQ Listen. Which scory don’t they talk about? 4 [Za] Listen again to the expressions they use. Complete the gaps. 1 | understand _ that he does have links with the casino business. 2 He ___ me yesterday morning. 3 He __, ve never really loved her: 4 \_ twas Mick agger.. 5 cant who told me. 6 But , don't believe it, 7 _____. this has been his lifes dream. 8 He __ reporters that he intends to create... 9 Some people it's the Catholic Church 10 1also __ that he's been involved withthe Christian Scientists. Talking about what you've heard We use different phrases to show how reliable the information is that we've heard, * He told me/He said that = this is first-hand information (I know it's true) + lunderstand that! heard that Some people say (that)/ Apparentiy/I can't remember who told me, but = 1 got this from someone else + Personally | don’t believe it/I reckon .... = this just my opinion 5 Listen and repeat. Copy the intonation, 6 In pairs, practise gossiping about Bel Hansson and Paolo Rossi. Use phrases from the box above. Speak out Start a rumour eee 1 In groups, think of stories to talk about. Hee Ca oCTnS Vee CONT a it lines in English in use. Complete wi pebble hahaha ry 1 Look again at the headlines in English in use. Complete with the names of anyone you lke. + Remember to use the correct 7 ne you ka Sepak kowactan 2 Think of one more story, about someone famous or someone you know. * Try to include phrases which 2 Talk to everyone in the class. Pass on your information to as many show where the information a y r 1 P hear. ees people as you can. Pass on any rumours you hear. La a 7Use would and could to discuss ‘suggestions and possiblities. Practise making it wish sentences to describe imaginary situations, Build compound nouns. [ Vocabulary tip | Plug in to global culture because | most ofits in English. + watch satelite TV + buy your favourite English speaking ‘music and translate the song log onto the Internet + get an international magazine or newspaper (e.g. Guardian Weekly, New Internationalist, Time) Speaking Global culture 1. What similarities /differences can you think of between Australia and Canada? 2 Puc the countries in the box into cultural groups. Add one more to each group. the USA Afghanistan Ethiopia Indonesia Spain Germany Brazil Japan ‘Sweden New Zealand Saudi Arabia ‘Morocco 3 Ifyou could live in another country for a year, where would you go? 4 Explain the word ‘globalization’. Is it positive or negative? Listening Listening for opinions 1. Look at the photos. 1 Which show ...? isadating game] —isaquizgame[] _hashuge prizes (] 2. Explain the following phrases. game shows celebrities educational value consumer interest {3 Do you have similar TV shows in your country? Which do you ike / isike? 2. Listen to a programme about game shows around the world. 1 Listen to Part 1. Which shows do they talk about? 2 Listen again. Tick these opinions when you hear them, Game shows would sell best into ‘western cultures: (1 The world is a lot more diverse than people think, [EJ inmany places, there isn't the consumer interest for prize shows. [Eating games would not do well in eligious societies. [11 Quiz shows are thought to have some educational value. 3 Listen to Part 2. Complete the gaps. 1 Inmany countries, they ike to see (on TY, not ordinary people 2. In many countries, they don't Ike people to win prizes 3 In groups, decide on five TV programmes you would put on a satellite channel. Who in the class would watch your channel?Vocabulary Compound nouns 1 Make compound nouns which came up in the radio programme. gore show game consumer quiz programme interest game dating prize television show winner ‘Most compound nouns are 2 (&) Listen, check, and repeat. Pronounced with only one stress. | 5 i: Against the clock! In pairs, make as many compound nouns as game show @ @ you can in fijyee minutes. Be prepared to explain what they mean. ‘There are also three-word and programmes magazines news films _ stories _ technology ord conpound notins: issues change food clothes events life ‘modern languages teacher ‘multiple organ transplant humaninterest family _______ world human interest television health food convenience Pages communications ______ detective _______ love Note that new words are fashion designer ___ sports “invented all the time in this way! computer climate Godzilla Kungfu the un 4 These are all part of ‘global’ culture. hamburgers the Internet pizza 1. Where did they originate? jeans the sauna 2. How many more can you listin one minute? aashis ry Cwheshy, 3. What is your country’s most famous export to the world? would pick moredaisies Reading Itihad my ie over again Making inferences {ed dare to make more mistakes evils 1 Read ehe poems quickly. What Sr 6 rated the world raretax of people wrote them? So eee {abe stir than Fve been this tip. IMtruted the world I wouid take fewer things seriously If could change Everyone would have Iwould, perhaps, have moreactual Cound STANGE. the same amount troubles Tibe free, could change of money, but would have fewer imaginary If1could take my pas off the hondcurts We would be safe ones “And walk inc anew te beyond the prison gates ‘nraft, 1 would climb more Ifl.could have Dad back, and not fant with Mum Noone would go mountains, sui ‘rd ino one knew me or knew where ve been hungry more rivers. ‘art asked ro questions ‘And everyone would 1 would eat more ice tbe tee be happy, cream and less Soifone night they eft he There would be more sprtin schoo! beans. ‘doors open, end. anew ‘And ss crime in the country. | would go to suitofdothes, Telephone cals would be free more dances, et ‘So that we coud always tak to and teach other and be more friendly 1 wou pick ‘And there would be no rubbish in more dase. the streets ye ers 2 Describe what the writers are probably like. Include these words. depressed serious sensible idealistic naive confused worried= 3 Complete this description of Sylvie Aerts. Describe Nadine and Jimmy's lives in the same way. Syvie Aerts is at schoo}, obviously. She's worried about lives in a town. She likes about her own life, o she probably has quite a secure lie. She's very The second conditional 1. Look at sentences a to ¢. ‘These sentences describe .. ‘situations which aren't real + the results if they were rea a had my life over again, fd dare to make more mistakes next time. 'd relax. b If ruled the world, everyone would have the same amount of money. ¢ de free it could change. ifno one knew where I've been and asked no questions, Id be free. 1. Underline the unreal situations. Circle the results. 2. What word is ‘in the sentences? '3. Check your answers in the Language box below. Talking about unreal situations When we describe an imaginary situation in the present or future, we use a past tense. We also often use wish orf. | wish | didn’t have so much to do. (= Ihave got alot to do. ‘and | dont ike it) When we talk about the results ofthe imaginary situation, we use would. Would you be any happier with less to do? If 1 could just spend one week getting things organized, 1'd feel a lot better. 'd be happier if thad more time to myself. Remember, we use could BOTH as the past of can AND to mean would be able. 11 could afford it, rd go to Thailand ~and you could come with me. 50 maybe she _ She's more worried about the than : Against the clock! 2 Seta time limit Look at Anita and Yvonne's ‘wish lists’. Describe their lives now. eects Ra ta BO won Anita's wish fist Yvonne's wish ist ‘ = get into times a a ciel 2. a sutamer job in Snore se se oe cate more independent ~ a Fat of my en 3. Complete what Anita says to a friend. 11 aude great to have aca Hi aca no trouble getting into college, or coming aaa 2m a summer job at the TY station, I'm sure it ‘me get ajob asa journalist when Irish college. 3 Ali only interested in tennis. If] a brillant tennis player, then he ‘me. But can dream! 4 Iwish ‘more independent. ff) __ aflat of my own, bbe with my parents allthe time! And then you come and stay with me! 4 Now relax! Write four sentences that Yvonne might say. 5 Finish these sentences. Compare in pairs 111 didn’t have to work/go to college If had more time .. >My life would be just that litle bit better if 5 years cold; Excellent condition; £2,500 o.n.0. Phone Leslie 01423-83527 English in use Considering possibi 1 Listen to Anita and Yvonne talking about these adverts. Do they decide to buy anything? iesWe use would to talk about the likely results of a situation. Situation = having a bike ‘wouldn't be very nice in winter. {fd be good fun turning up on a bike Situation = going to Brazil ‘Itwould be great to go to Brazil | wouldn't wont to go by myself {couldn’t* afford it. (reourthere = wouldnt be alt.) We use could to make suggestion: and to talk about possibilities. You could take lessons, ‘You could get a month off work, Remember, would is often contracted to ‘d, but could is never contracted. Conditional sentences are often ‘shared’ between speakers, Yvonne if you got a bike Anita... itwouldn’'t be very pice in winter. Remember * Try to use compound nouns. + Make if/l wish .. sentences correctly. * Use would and could for imaginary situations, and making suggestions. 2. Listen again to Yvonne's suggestions. Write what she actually says. 2 car! Ai/look al abike = take lessons elt when you go home 3 Look at this extract again. 1. Underline the imaginary situations Ar Trouble is, we couldn't go to the seaside together on it, could we? ‘And anyway, | Ny see : a ‘Ywonne _ No, | Suppose not. But it would be good fun turning up on a bike. 2 What does Arita use the phrasesin bold for? 3 [Eid] Usten and repeat. Copy te intonation 4 Complete this conversation with would (or “d) and could. 1A tdealiy ke to change my job but | don'tknow what | could. do instead 2.8 You go and have atest, to see what you __ be good at 3 A |___ke to write a travel book. Trouble is, |____ have to give up my job, and how ive without money? 4B You ____ start by doing itn your free time, ___n't you? Then you get time off work to travel. Where ___ you most tke to go? 5 A Peru, suppose. 6 B Then you ____ go to Peru, take lots of photographs, then you __ come home and write @ book about it Speak out Wish list 1 Tick any of these that you agree with. Think of one or two others. 1d really tke to .. L start my own business | want to. [Dy Wwe ina cottage inthe country ‘One day | want to (G1 get married and have children. i goto South africa LO workin television, 1B go into space and look down at the Earth. Bl work just three days a week. 1 Wve ina village in Ghana for a year. lve always wanted to ... If could, '¢ like to ... Just once, I'd really like to ... | wish I could. I think it would be great to ... 2 Write a wish list of up to five wishes. Decide how you would say them using the phrases in bold from ex.1 above. 3 In pairs, A and B, play ‘Optimist and pessi ‘Atell our partner the things you would lke to do. B You are an optimist Suggest ways for A to do what they want. ‘A You are a pessimist Point out all the problems to B.mae 01 ALLIN THE MIND Vocabulary 1 Pur these words into three groups. Add two more words to each group. auxiliary learn ‘conversation know question ‘shake hands ‘Mental activities | Language words tivities 2 Write synonyms for: 1 happy 4 work friend — 2 talk 5 pay (n) 3 shy 6 uncomfortable 3. Match six sentences. 1 was taking a me feel happy. 2 explained b tosee her 3 I said twanted that | loved her. 4 She suggested d. toher one day, 5 She makes @ her often now, 6 Imeet 4 visiting her Questions 4 Make complete questions. 1 (yourthinky Do you think your language/be) _____ easy for foreigners to learn? 2 ittbereasy) 3 (where/young peop! 4 (how/yourthink) (yourcanimeet) = English people of your age? 5 (why/be good grammer) — to meet people in your country? 'g0) Inthe evenings? Important? 6 In your country, (everyone/speak) ‘correctly all the time? 7 who/net/speak) ___ correctly ~and why not? 8 (what/make) __a good language learner, (you/thinks 7 Starting conversations 5 Complete the conversations. Inthe shopping centre A excuse B Yes? +2 B Sure, is just over there where the bus station is? A Oh,hi Pete a ee ings? cs Jane, Fine, And you? A Fine. Youve got new ob. Yeah, that's ight. a2 ‘siting? I'm really enjoying it. And you? Whatve you 10? ‘A. Nothing much. Same job. Same boyfriend. You know. 02 CHANGING WORLD Vocabulary 2 Match he Deieining at cing 1 main ave 2 mountain ional 2 el ment 4 trode fous 5 corse land 6 move ou 7 socal ence 2 exe or | int en 10 sump ist 2 Are they nouns, adjectives, or verbs? 3 Putin the missing leceet/s. een eetiael 7st | 1 island 4 b__ness 2er_ndfn_r 5 famil_s 8 offic_1 | 3 b__Iding 6 ¢__atryPresent tenses 4 Which sentence describes: a changes happening now b past events with present results © a current state beginning in the past the status quo 1 Lfehas existed on Earth for 4,000 milion years.) 2 Asteroids have hit Earth many times initshistory. 23 Earth’ five continents are sil moving apart. Oo 4 Onemiion tons of mater rom spacelandson Earth every day Translate sentences Ito 4in ex. Change the verb to complete the sentences, 1 five) in Sytney ve ved in sytney _ al my ie. b ‘because it's so beautiful. « while I decide where to go 2 | read) Secrets a every summer: t's briiant > ('m about hatway through. © _______ but iit enoy it. 3 Betty (have) a the same boyfriend for ten years b ‘criss at the moment € an awful memory Being vague 7 Complece this text for your county. Switzerland is in Europe. It consists of 26 cantons, or regions 1 isin? Itconsists of about > 1 OF regions. Its population Isabout * Thereis a big difference between the © and the § The ? tends to be richer and more densely populated, and the © is poorer. As far as the climate is concerned, the temperature can go from * inwinter up to ve In summer. The local food is {In the cities there are allarge number of ‘which are very popular. It’s the kind of place where 03 LIFE STORY Vocabulary 1. Make phrases with the verbs below. get leave have go.-move— take 1 get ajob 6 vorced 2 ababy 7 school 3 home 8 tocollege 4 house 9 ____ outwiths. 5 maried 10 anexam 2 In what order do they usually happen? Present perfect and simple past 3 Match sentences 1 to 6 with meanings ato a finished event (no present connection) Dafne period the past € past evens inorder 4 past event —>. present result events na period up to now fs present period which started in the past 1 ve won theotery: mic g 2. ve ha his car for years, o 3 ve seen it three times. o 4 I gotmarsiedin 1996. Oo 5 went to schoo unt 1994, Q 6 First | had a bath, then | had dinner, then | watched TV. [1] Correct these sentences. 1 Computers hd an enormous effect on the world, have hod 1'm only 30 and | was married three times! I'm married since 1995. We've lived there until ve been 16. We lived here for three years now. Elizabeth Blackwell has been the frst woman doctor. Have you had a good time last weekend? I've been to the pub and have met some friends, then Tye ‘gone dancing til 3.00 am. 9 'mso happy-—look, | won the lottery. Telling true stories 5 ‘Compleve this story about Waris Dirie, ‘his {s.a story of good tuck, 2 ‘a girl from Somalia, born in the desert, and she ran away from ther family, 2 to Mogadishu, + to London. And § she’s ended up as a model, ‘ shows what a job in McDonald's can do for yout o PRACTICE86 6 Make question cags. 1 You were born in Rome, weren't you? 2. Youmarrieda Frenchman, 3 Hewas a painter, 4 Yournoved to Provence, 5 They had two children, .. 6 She lived in America, 04 SOMETHING TO DO Vocabulary 1. How many activities from Unit 4 can you list? Sport Leisure [Culture | other climbing Getting information 6 Puc one word in each space. 1 tmthinking of coming over ome 2 ____ you give me some information museums? 3. Iwas wondering you could _ me what the hotels are like 4 regard sightseeing, could you things to see? 5 hotels, | book in advance? O05 A QUESTION OF LIFESTYLE Vocabulary the missing letters. Write the opposites. peenemnen aeacatig 2 Which activities can you use wich these phrases? Opposites 1 unfit Bement going gofora.. goto... play cena aie smates 2 Wiehe ex won orp. — ol 4 Vreay enfoy 6 st__tw__rk Lane oats ae ee 5 veal ike 2. Puc these words ino a spidergeam. + ee ainip aon. pesos io seen iaie caret Sees ————— * Pe alien een Infinitive and gerund 4 AGak, Comparatives 1 Toften go a nun. 3. Complete che comparatives in the chart. ii ae ‘4 Why don't we a fy? Number of syllables 8 She'diove b todrve. Spel 9 She can't diving. _ ft Sig sad one i Sone Sine me 12 We could © cooking irregular pe me ac ‘ties ae go+ sing like /love/hate +. much little __ ret oe oe z why sores — soon carefully ——___ GG