1. A milkman has two empty jugs: a three gallon jug and a five gallon jug.

How can he measure exactly one gallon without wasting any milk?
SOLUTION:
The milkman filled the three gallon jug, and then emptied the contents into
the five gallon jug. He then filled the three gallon jug again, and continued to
fill the five gallon jug until it was full. The milk remaining in the three gallon
jug was precisely one gallon.

2. You are in the dark, and on the floor there are six shoes of three colors, and
a heap of twenty-four socks, black and brown. How many socks and shoes
must you take into the light to be certain that you have a matching pair of
socks and a matching pair of shoes?
SOLUTION:
Three socks and four shoes would guarantee that you would have a matching
pair of each. Since there are only two colors of socks, it doesn't matter how
many are in the heap, as long as you take at least three, you are certain to
have two of the same. As for the shoes, you must pick four, because
selecting only three could result in one shoe in each of the three colors!

3. TRUE STATEMENTS:
A. The number of false statements here is one.
B. The number of false statements here is two.
C. The number of false statements here is three.
D. The number of false statements here is four.

Which of the above statements is true?

SOLUTION:
Option "C" is the answer: three statements are false. Since each statement
concludes that there is a different number of false statements, that proves

that only one statement can be correct (hence the object is to decide which
statement is true). Given that one statement is true, by definition, the other
three must be false!

4. One train runs from A to B at 105 miles per hour, the other runs from B to
A at 85 miles per hour. How far apart were the two trains 30 minutes prior to
their crossing?
SOLUTION:
They were 95 miles apart 30 minutes before the two trains crossed each
other.
Since one train is traveling at 105 MPH, and the other at 85 MPH, the relative
speed is 190 MPH (105 + 85). One hour (or 60 minutes) before they crossed,
they would have been 190 miles apart. Since the question asked how far
away they were 30 minutes before they crossed, then it would be half that
distance, or 95 miles.

5. Suppose there are twin brothers; one which always tells the truth and one
which always lies. What single yes/no question could you ask to either
brother to figure out which one is which?
SOLUTION:
Answer: Would your brother say that you tell the truth?
The key to this logic problem, is to find a question that the two brothers
would answer differently, and that difference would therefore identify the two
from each other. The lying brother would answer the above question "yes."
The truthful brother would answer the same question "no."

6. There are three boxes, one contains only apples, one contains only
oranges, and one contains both apples and oranges. The boxes have been
incorrectly labeled such that no label identifies the actual contents of the box
it labels. Opening just one box, and without looking in the box, you take out
one piece of fruit. By looking at the fruit, how can you immediately label all

of the boxes correctly.

Which box did you open and how can you be sure to label all boxes correctly?
SOLUTION:
The box that must be opened is the one labeled "apples and oranges." By
definition, whichever fruit is inside, is the only fruit type that that box
contains. Let's say that you found an apple in that box that was labeled with
both apples and oranges; because you know it must therefore only contain
apples, then you conclude that the box that is labeled "oranges" cannot
contain only oranges, as all boxes have been said to be mislabeled. Thus, the
box labeled "oranges" must contain both apples and oranges, leaving the box
labeled "apples" to contain only oranges.

7. A boy and a girl are sitting on the porch. "I'm a boy," says the child with
black hair. "I'm a girl," says the child with red hair.
If at least one of them is lying, who is which?
SOLUTION:
The black-haired child is a girl, and the red-haired child is a boy.
If at least one is lying, and there is one of each sex on the bench, then both
must be lying. If only one was lying, then there would be two children of the
same sex. Since the latter would not be following the given rules, then it is
concluded that each child is of the opposite sex that they say they are.

8. Bill, Ken, and Mark are, not necessarily in this order, a quarterback, a
receiver, and a kicker. The kicker, who is the shortest of the three, is a
bachelor. Bill, who is Ken's father-in-law, is taller than the receiver.
Who plays in which position?
SOLUTION:
Since Bill is Ken's father-in-law, both Bill and Ken must be married. This
leaves the only remaining person, Mark, to be the bachelor (and hence the
kicker). Since Bill is taller than the receiver, Bill must not be the receiver. By
process of elimination, we conclude that Bill is the quarterback. The

remaining position (the receiver) goes to Ken.

Therefore, Bill is the quarterback, Ken is the receiver, and Mark is the kicker.

9. Three spies, suspected as double agents, speak as follows when

questioned:
Albert: "Bertie is a mole."
Bertie: "Cedric is a mole."
Cedric: "Bertie is lying."
Assuming that moles lie, other agents tell the truth, and there is just one
mole among the three, determine:
1.) Who is the mole? solution
2.) If, on the other hand there are two moles present, who are they?
SOLUTION:
Bertie is the mole. Both Albert and Cedric are telling the truth. Hence, when
Albert said, "Bertie is a mole," he was telling the truth, and giving you the
correct answer. When Bertie said, "Cedric is a mole," he was lying, as he
himself is a lying mole. When Cedric responded, "Bertie is lying," he was
telling the truth, and also affirming that Bertie was lying.
In the second case, if there were 2 moles, the identifications would be a
direct inverse. Both Albert and Cedric would be moles, and Bertie would be
telling the truth.

10. A man needs to cross a river in a canoe. With him, he has a bag of
grain, a chicken, and a fox. He can only carry one of the three at a time. If
he leaves the grain and the chicken, the chicken will eat the grain. If he takes
the grain, the fox will eat the chicken.
How does he successfully cross the river with his load?
SOLUTION:
The man first takes the chicken across, leaving it on the other side. He

returns alone in the canoe and picks up the bag of grain. After bringing
across the grain, he takes the chicken back to the original side, dropping him
off, and picking up the fox. After bringing the fox to the other side, and
leaving it with the grain, the man returns back to the original side, retrieving
the chicken, and making his 3rd and final trip crossing the river. At no point
was the fox left alone with the chicken, or the chicken with the grain.

11. Given twelve marbles that are identical in size, shape, and color,
determine which single marble is heavier in weight than the others. You are
supplied with a balance and must conclude your determination in three
weighings.
SOLUTION:
First, weigh all 12 marbles, 6 on each side of the scale (weighing #1).
Whichever side is heavier, take those 6 marbles and weigh 3 on each side
(weighing #2). Again, whichever side is heavier, take those 3 marbles,
placing 1 to the side, and weighing the other 2, one on each side of the scale
(weighing #3). During this weighing, if one marble weighs heavier than the
other, the answer is obvious, and so too, if they balance perfectly, then the
marble you put to the side is the heavier marble!

12. If you add the age of a man to the age of his wife, the result is 91. He is
now twice as old as she was when he was as old as she is now.
How old is the man and his wife?
SOLUTION:
The man is 52 and his wife is 39.
The puzzle refers to the man as once being as old as the wife is "now." This
gives you the first important piece of information; the man is older than the
wife. Second, you know that the two ages will add up to 91. Third, you know
that their difference in age is a constant variable. You can't, however,
assume that they are close in age, but they must both be middle aged,
otherwise it would be difficult to generate a number as high as 91 under the
parameters of the problem.
So, after gathering this information, and some guess and check work, you'd

find that the man is now twice the age (52) of her age (26) when he was the
age she is now (39).

13. I live on Sunset Boulevard, where there are 6 houses on my side of the
block. The house numbers are consecutive even numbers. The sum of all 6
house numbers is 8790. You don't know which block I live on, and it's a long
street, but I will tell you that I live in the lowest number on my side of the
block. What's my address?
SOLUTION:
My address is 1460 Sunset Boulevard. First, you know that the house
numbers are even and consecutive, so they must be approximately 1/6th the
value of the sum (8790). In fact, the number that is 1/6th the total is the
mean (average) for all 6 houses! This number, 1465 (8790 / 6), is how you
come to the conclusion. There must be 3 house numbers greater than that
number, and 3 house numbers less than that number, all being even and
consecutive.
Therefore, the 6 house numbers are 1460, 1462, 1464, 1466, 1468, 1470.
The lowest house number, as per the question, is the answer: 1460.

14. If the puzzle you solved before you solved the puzzle you solved after
you solved the puzzle you solved before you solved this one, was harder than
the puzzle you solved after you solved the puzzle you solved before you
solved this one, was the puzzle you solved before you solved this one harder
than this one?
SOLUTION:
Yes. There are only 2 puzzles being spoken of: this one, and the one before
this one. The entire question could be rephrased like this:
If the puzzle you solved before this one was harder than this one, was the
puzzle you solved before this one harder than this one?
Obviously, the answer to the question is simply yes.

15. A rope burns non-uniformly for exactly one hour. How do you measure
45 minutes, given two such ropes?
SOLUTION:
First start burning rope 1 at both ends, and rope 2 at one end only. When
rope 1 finishes burning (which will take 30 minutes), light the other end of
rope 2. 45 minutes is up when rope 2 finishes burning.

16. Mary had a coin purse with fifty coins, totaling exactly $1.00.
Unfortunately, while counting her change, she dropped one coin. What is the
probability that it was a penny?
SOLUTION:
There is an 85% probability that Mary dropped a penny. There are two (and
only two) combinations of 50 coins that will add up to $1.00. These are:
40 Pennies, 2 Dimes, 8 Nickels, and
45 Pennies, 2 Dimes, 2 Nickels, 1 Quarter
With the first scenario alone, there would be a 80% probability, and the
second scenario alone equates a 90% probability, respectfully. But because
we don't know which she had, the probability is the average of the two, or
85%.

17. Melissa and Jessica were working on the computer along with their
friends Sandy and Nicole. Suddenly, I heard a crash and then lots of shouts.
I rushed in to find out what was going on, finding the computer monitor on
the ground, surrounded with broken glass! Sandy and Jessica spoke almost at
the same time:
Jessica saying, "It wasn't me!"
Sandy saying, "It was Nicole!"
Melissa yelled, "No, it was Sandy!"
With a pretty straight face Nicole said, "Sandy's a liar."

Only one of them was telling the truth, so who knocked over the monitor?
SOLUTION:
Nicole was telling the truth; Jessica broke the monitor.
If only 1 of the 4 was telling the truth, that means that the other 3 were lying.
By using deductive reasoning, one would conclude that the only possibility
with the presented facts is that Jessica was lying when she said, "It wasn't
me," Sandy was lying when she said, "It was Nicole," and Melissa also lied
when she said, "No, it was Sandy." This leaves Nicole as the truth-teller,
revealing Jessica as the culprit, having stated a direct lie when she said "It
wasn't me!"

18. Mrs. Jansen recently moved to Arizona. She wants to fill her new
backyard with flowering plants. Although she is an experienced gardener, she
isnt very well-versed in what plants will do well in the Arizona climate. Also,
there is a big tree in her backyard making for shady conditions and she isnt
sure what plants will thrive without much direct sunlight. Her favorite
gardening catalog offers several backyard seed packages. Which one should
Mrs. Jansen choose?
a. The Rainbow Collection is ideal for Northeast gardens. It includes a variety
of colorful perennials that thrive in cool, moist conditions.
b. The Greenhouse Collection will blossom year after year if planted in
brightly lit locations and watered regularly.
c. The Treehouse Collection will provide lush green plants with delicate
colorful flowers that thrive in shady and partially shady locations.
d. The Oasis Collection includes a variety of perennials that thrive in dry
climates and bright sunlight.
SOLUTION:
C. The Treehouse Collection is the only package that can thrive in shady
locations. Choice a requires a Northeastern climate. Choices b and d require
bright sunlight.

19. Applying for Seasonal Employment occurs when a person requests to be

considered for a job that is dependent on a particular season or time of year.

Which situation below is the best example of Applying for Seasonal
Employment?
a. The ski instructors at Top of the Peak Ski School work from December
through
March.
b. Matthew prefers jobs that allow him to work outdoors.
c. Lucinda makes an appointment with the beach resort restaurant manager
to interview for the summer waitressing position that was advertised in the
newspaper.
d. Dougs ice cream shop stays open until 11 p.m. during the summer
months.
SOLUTION :
c. Although the ski instructors at Top of the Peak Ski School do work
seasonally, choice a does not describe anyone applying for seasonal
employment. In choice b, the statement that Matthew likes to work outdoors
tells us nothing about seasonal employment or someone applying for it. And
although choice d describes a business with seasonal hours, it does not
describe a person applying for seasonal work. Choice c, on the other hand,
very specifically depicts a person, Lucinda, who is applying for a job as a
summer waitress at a beach resort, which is dependent upon a particular
season of the year.

20. Dr. Miller has a busy pediatric dentistry practice and she needs a skilled,
reliable hygienist to keep things running smoothly. The last two people she
hired were recommended by top dentists in the area, but they each lasted
less than one month. She is now in desperate need of a hygienist who can
competently handle the specific challenges of her practice. Which one of the
following candidates should Dr. Miller consider most seriously?
a. Marilyn has been a hygienist for fifteen years, and her current employer,
who is about to retire, says she is the best in the business. The clientele she
has worked with consists of some of the wealthiest and most powerful
citizens in the county.

b. Lindy recently graduated at the top of her class from one of the best dental
hygiene programs in the state. Prior to becoming a dental hygienist, Lindy
spent two years working in a day care center.
c. James has worked as a dental hygienist for three years in a public health
clinic. He is very interested in securing a position in a private dental office.
d. Kathy is an experienced and highly recommended dental hygienist who is
also finishing up a degree in early childhood education, which she hopes will
get her a job as a preschool teacher. She is eager to find a job in a pediatric
practice, since she has always wanted to work with children.
SOLUTION:
b. The situation described indicates that Dr.Millers practice presents some
specific challenges, namely that it is a busy environment with a child
clientele. There is also some indication that even highly recommended,
experienced hygienists might not be cut out for Dr. Millers office. There is
nothing to suggest that Marilyn (choice a) or James (choice c) would be a
good fit for Dr. Millers practice. Kathy (choice d) has experience and she is
also interested in working with children. However, the fact that she hopes to
become a preschool teacher in the not-too-distant future indicates that she
might not be the kind of committed, long-term employee that Dr. Miller
needs. Lindy (choice b), with her hands-on experience working with children
as well as a degree from a prestigious dental hygiene program, is the most
attractive candidate for the position based on the situation described.

21. As they prepare for the state championships, one gymnast must be
moved from the Level 2 team to the Level 1 team. The coaches will move the
gymnast who has won the biggest prize and who has the most experience. In
the last competition, Roberta won a bronze medal and has competed seven
times before. Jamie has won a silver medal and has competed fewer times
than Roberta. Beth has won a higher medal than Jamie and has competed
more times than Roberta. Michele has won a bronze medal, and it is her third
time competing. Who will be moved to the Level 1 team?
a. Roberta
b. Beth
c. Michele

d. Jamie

SOLUTION:
b. Beth won the biggest prize, described as a higher medal than Jamies,
which weve been told was a silver medal. Roberta and Michele both won
bronze medals, which are lower ranking medals than silver. Beth is also
described as having competed more times than Roberta who has competed
seven times. Jamie is described as having competed fewer times than
Roberta, and Michele has competed three times. Therefore, Beth has
competed more times than the others and has won the biggest prize to date.

22. For too long, school cafeterias, in an effort to provide food they thought
would be appetizing to young people, mimicked fast-food restaurants, serving
items such as burgers and fries, pizza, hot dogs, and fried chicken. School
districts nationwide are now addressing this trend by incorporating some
simple and inexpensive options that will make cafeteria lunches healthier
while still appealing to students. This paragraph best supports the statement
that
a. school cafeterias have always emphasized nutritional guidelines over any
other
considerations.
b. young people would rather eat in a school cafeteria than a local fast-food
restaurant.
c. school lunch menus are becoming healthier due to major new initiatives on
the part of
school districts.
d. it is possible to make school lunches both healthier and appealing without
spending a great deal of money and undertaking a radical transformation.
e. vegetarian lunch options would greatly improve the nutritional value of the
school
lunch program.
d. The final sentence of the paragraph supports choice

SOLUTION:
d. The other choices are not supported by the passage. Choice c may seem
correct at first, but the paragraph states that the new initiatives are simple
and inexpensive, not major. Choice e might seem to represent a truth, but
vegetarian options are not discussed in this paragraph.

23. Obesity is a serious problem in this country. Research suggests that

obesity can lead to a number of health problems including diabetes, asthma,
and heart disease. Recent research has even indicated that there may be a
relationship between obesity and some types of cancer. Major public health
campaigns that increase awareness and propose simple lifestyle changes that
will, with diligence and desire, eliminate or least mitigate the incidence of
obesity are a crucial first step in battling this critical problem. This paragraph
best supports the statement that
a. public health campaigns that raise consciousness and propose lifestyle
changes are a productive way to fight obesity.
b. obesity is the leading cause of diabetes in our country.
c. people in our country watch too much television and do not exercise
enough.
d. a decline in obesity would radically decrease the incidence of asthma.
e. fast-food restaurants and unhealthy school lunches contribute greatly to
obesity.
SOLUTION:
a. The support for this choice is in the last sentence, which states that major
public health campaigns that increase awareness and propose lifestyle
changes are important in our fight against obesity. Choice b can be ruled out
because although the paragraph states that obesity can lead to diabetes, it
doesnt tell us that it is the leading cause of this disease. Choices c and e
might sound reasonable and true, but they are not supported in the
paragraph. And although we are told that obesity has been connected to
asthma, this fact is not quantified in any way, so choice d is also not
supported by the information given.

24. In the 1966 Supreme Court decision Miranda v. Arizona, the court held
that before the police can obtain statements from a person subjected to an
interrogation, the person must be given a Miranda warning. This warning
means that a person must be told that he or she has the right to remain
silent during the police interrogation. Violation of this right means that any
statement that the person makes is not admissible in a court hearing. This
paragraph best supports the statement that
a. police who do not warn persons of their Miranda rights are guilty of a
crime.
b. a Miranda warning must be given before a police interrogation can begin.
c. the police may no longer interrogate persons suspected of a crime unless a
lawyer is present.
d. the 1966 Supreme Court decision in Miranda should be reversed.
e. persons who are interrogated by police should always remain silent until
their lawyer comes.
SOLUTION:
b. This answer is clearly supported in the second sentence. Nothing in the
paragraph suggests that it is a crime not to give a Miranda warning, so choice
a is incorrect. Choice c is also wrong because police may interrogate as long
as a warning is given. There is no support given for either choice d or e.
25. If youre a fitness walker, there is no need for a commute to a health
club. Your neighborhood can be your health club. You dont need a lot of fancy
equipment to get a good workout either. All you need is a well-designed pair
of athletic shoes. This paragraph best supports the statement that
a. fitness walking is a better form of exercise than weight lifting.
b. a membership in a health club is a poor investment.
c. walking outdoors provides a better workout than walking indoors.
d. fitness walking is a convenient and valuable form of exercise.
e. poorly designed athletic shoes can cause major foot injuries.
SOLUTION:
d. By stating that fitness walking does not require a commute to a health
club, the author stresses the convenience of this form of exercise. The

paragraph also states that fitness walking will result in a good workout.
Choice a is incorrect because no comparison to weight lifting is made. Choice
b may seem like a logical answer, but the paragraph only refers to people
who are fitness walkers, so for others, a health club might be a good
investment. Choice c is not in the passage. Although choice e seems logical,
the paragraph does not indicate that the wrong shoes will produce major
injuries.