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Inferences. Use Equations To Aid in Your Answers, and Use A Table To Represent Your Findings.)

Ethanol undergoes several characteristic reactions when treated with different reagents. It can undergo esterification when reacted with ethanoic acid and sulfuric acid to form an ester with a fruity smell. Ethanol also undergoes oxidation when reacted with acidified potassium dichromate, forming an aldehyde. Additionally, ethanol produces a yellow precipitate of iodoform when reacted with iodine and sodium hydroxide, indicating the presence of an alkyl group. These reactions can be used to identify an alcohol.

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31 views

Inferences. Use Equations To Aid in Your Answers, and Use A Table To Represent Your Findings.)

Ethanol undergoes several characteristic reactions when treated with different reagents. It can undergo esterification when reacted with ethanoic acid and sulfuric acid to form an ester with a fruity smell. Ethanol also undergoes oxidation when reacted with acidified potassium dichromate, forming an aldehyde. Additionally, ethanol produces a yellow precipitate of iodoform when reacted with iodine and sodium hydroxide, indicating the presence of an alkyl group. These reactions can be used to identify an alcohol.

Uploaded by

Danel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Title: Reactions of Alcohols

Aim: To investigate some of the reactions of ethanol.


Apparatus: Test tubes, test tube rack, test tube holders, 10 or 20mL
measuring cylinder, two small beakers, pipette droppers, tripod stand,
Bunsen burner, wire gauze, matches, markers/ post-its/label tapes.
Materials: Sulphuric acid- dilute and concentrated, distilled water, aqueous
potassium dichromate, aqueous Iodine (0.5M), aqueous sodium hydroxide
(1M), ethanol and ethanoic acid.
Procedure: (Perform the following tests and make your observations and
inferences. Use equations to aid in your answers, and use a table to
represent your findings.)
Esterification
1. Add 1-2cm3 of ethanol to a labelled test tube.
2. Add 1-2cm3 of ethanoic acid followed by ~5 drops of concentrated
H2SO4(l) to this test tube.
3. Place the tube in a water bath and warm for about 5 minutes. Remove
the test tube and place it back in the rack. Safely smell the contents
of your test tube by wafting the vapours towards you. Record all
observations.
Oxidation
4. Add 1-2cm3 of ethanol to a labelled test tube.
5. Add1-2cm3 of acidified K2Cr2O7(aq) to this test tube and place it in the
water bath for about 2 minutes. *If your potassium dichromate solution
is not acidified, add 1cm3 of dilute sulphuric acid to 1 cm3 of Cr2O72-(aq)
in order to acidify it before use.
6. Record your observations.
Iodoform test
7. Add 1-2cm3 of ethanol to a labelled test tube.
8. Add 1.5-2.5cm3 of I2(aq) to this test tube.
9. Add NaOH(aq) to your test tube drop-wise, until the brown colour of the
iodine fades. At this point, place your test tube in the water bath for
about 2 minutes.
10.
Remove the test tubes from the water bath, allow it to cool and
then make and record your observations.

Reaction with sodium metal


1. Add 1-2cm3 of ethanol to a labelled test tube.
2. Add a small piece of sodium metal to your test tube and note the
reaction.
3. Record your observations.
Results: You may record your results using any of the tables below.
Ensure to give your table a proper title.
Test

Observation

Inference

OR
Alcohol
Ethanol

CH3COOH

Cr2O72-(aq)/H+

I2/NaOH

Na(s)

Discussion:
1. Give a brief overview of each type of reaction that took place.
2. Ensure to include balanced equations to support your discussion.

Please visit the following links:


1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iOeDDme-Tl0 (Retrieved November 03, 2015).
2. http://www.chemguide.co.uk/organicprops/alcohols/iodoform.html (Retrieved October 23,
2016).

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