Patho

The document discusses a case study of an 8-year-old girl, EO, who has asthma and an allergy to bee stings and is being prescribed penicillin for a throat infection. The healthcare provider is concerned about a type I hypersensitivity reaction given EO's history of allergies. Type I reactions involve IgE antibodies and mast cells. The document provides details about EO's parents monitoring her for signs of a reaction like rash, difficulty breathing, and swelling. It also discusses the importance of education and adherence in HIV/AIDS treatment plans and balancing risks and benefits when making treatment decisions with patients and families.

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Patho

Uploaded by

Lin Lan

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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

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Patho

Complete your Week 2 required discussion prompts.

Discussion Prompt #1

Review the following case study and discuss the questions that follow.

EO is an 8-year-old girl with a history of asthma and allergy to bee stings.

She has been brought to the clinic complaining of a throat infection. Her
health care provider prescribes a course of penicillin to manage her current
infection and cautions her parents to watch her closely for a reaction.

1.
2.

What type of reaction is the health care provider concerned about, and why?
Explain the role of IgE and mast cells in type I hypersensitivity reactions. Why might
EO react adversely to the antibiotic with the first use?
3.
What would you tell EOs parents to look for when they are assessing for a reaction?

Discussion Prompt #2

Have you learned anything new about autoimmune diseases from watching the
videos in The Human Immune System: When It Turns Against the Body series? Given the
complexities of treatment associated with HIV/AIDS, what elements do you think are
important in an effective care plan for those with HIV/AIDS? Also, discuss the importance of
balancing the risks and benefits of treatment options. What is the clinicians role in assisting
the family/patient with making treatment decisions?
Please note: There is an automatic 10% deduction of points for late postings.

I have learned that autoimmune disease is very common and to very rare. I also learned that there
were not much gender biasis regarding type 1 diabetes. Automimmune hepatitis are often missed,
because the symptoms often resemeble viral hepatisis. Lupus are often affecting women with
color.
What I have learned from The Human Immune System series is that autoimmune hepatitis is
hard to diagnosed and often times missed because the symptoms are so similar to viral hepatitis.
Another interesting fact I did not know is systemic lupus has a greater incident on women with
color.
The most important element that is effective in plan of care for people with HIV/AIDS is
teaching. I felt like if they are actively being reminded and taught during their regular visits to
keep up with their medication regimen, regular check up and avoid crowded places are very
important to their treatment. Since HIV/AIDS is a very complex disease and often require to be
on more than one pill, it is important to educate them not to stop medication abruptly as it might
cause medication resisitance. They should also be notified to come in to the office, if they are not
feeling well. Often times a cold could be detrimental to people with HIV/AIDS, as the immune
system is not able to fight off the infection.
When the treatment begins, it is important for the clinician to discuss the risk and benefits with
the patients and the family. Such as the expenses for the medication, follow up and diagnostic
procedures. We as clinicians needs to be able to understands if they patient have resources to

keep up with the medication regimen. Some benefits that we would informed the patients would
be the medication would help suppressed the viral load and stop the disease from progressing. I
would also informed them about the possible side effects of the medication including: anemia,
diarrhea, dizziness, fatigue, headache, nausea and vomiting , pain, nerve problem and rash
(AID.gov, n.d).
AIDS.gov. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.aids.gov/hiv-aids-basics/justdiagnosed-with-hiv-aids/treatment-options/side-effects/

Read 10, 11, 13, 14, 15

Allergen that acts as antigen , dangerous pathogen is invading.
Since EO has a history of asthma and allergies to bee sting, I, as healthcare provider would be
concerned about a autoimmunity/ hypertensive response to the medication. Since Penicillin is
one of the drug that is more likely to cause adverse reaction and this 8-year-old girl is already
predisposed based on her history. To dose her the first time with Penciling would make a
healthcare provider concern whether severe anaphylactic reaction will occur. If adverse reaction
were to occur, the adverse effect might be very severe. When a allergic response is triggered in
type I hypersensitivity reaction, the plasma B cell produce an allergic specific IgE cell. Mast
cells are are covered with IgE receptors when an allergen is spotted they produce proinflammtory
chemical mediators , which produce inflammation when released. Since EO already has her first
initial contact of allergen( asthma and bee sting), she is more likely to get an adverse reaction
with the initiation of antibiotic therapy.
I would advice EOs parents to be cautious within the first 15-30 minutes after the antibiotics had
been administered. I would also tell them to watch out for any red, raised skin( rash), itching,
tightness around the throat, difficulty breathing, lip swelling and fever. I would advice her, if she
sees any of the reaction above she should stop the medication immediately and contact the
prescribing healthcare provider.

Discussion Prompt 1
In weeks 17, you will be working toward developing a Leadership Portfolio by completing a
leadership questionnaire each week and then reflecting on the results. Click here
to
complete the Leadership Behavior Questionnaire. Fill out the leadership form, score your
results, and attach it to your discussion post. Then respond to the following: Compare the
differences between your scores and determine where you have leadership strengths and
where you have leadership weaknesses. Which style of leadership are you most suited?

Discussion Prompt 2

Does everyone have the potential to be a leader? Support your response

Discussion 1
For the leadership behavior questionnaire, I scored 40 on Task and 48 on Relationship.
According to Northouse, Task behavior helps the team member achieve their objective while
relationship behavior works on interpersonal skills within the team. Those two behaviors
combined is a leader help their team achieve their goal. Instead of a task oriented leader I felt
like I am more of a relationship behavior leader (Northouse, 2015). I could work more on
developing task behaving leadership by helping the group members understand their roles and
how to achieve their objective. Understanding the needs of employees is important but also
getting the task done on time and doing a good job is also a important job. If I work more on the
task oriented leader behavior and combined it with leadership behavior , I have no doubt that my
leadership would strength and help guide my team better.
Relationship leadership definitely suits me better. Since I am big on interpersonal skills and care
about how others feels. For example, during a group project, one of my teammates was not very
comfortable in writing certain style of paper. Therefore, it mad her very frustrated and sad. I
actually tooked the time and talked to her about how she felt and what we can do to help her
achieved our team goal.

Northouse, P. G. (2015). Leadership: Theory and practice (7th ed.). Thousand Oaks,
CA: Sage Publications.
Everyone has their leadership treat in them, it just depends on how well they want to use it for
the best of the extent. Leaders direct their energies towards individuals who are trying to
achieve something together. Some people out there are natural leaders while others needs to
overcome many obstacles to become one. For example, the nurse manager I worked with she
only has an associates degree and she was promoted the position within 5 years of her practice.
The exceptional leadership she brings to the team, made the unit better and safer place for patient
and employee to be. She used her relationship behavior skills and always cared about the
wellbeing of her employees. It made the employee on the unit wants to work harder towards the
end goal. And also I am a true believer of leadership and critical thinking skills comes with
experience and advancing education. As Northouse said Leadership capabilities can be develop
over time through education and experience (Northouse, 2015).