DIRECTED WRITING

MODULE

Past Years Questions (A Review)

Year
Format
Task
1997
An article for school newspaper
To inform students about the nature

club and persuade them to join.

1998
A formal letter to the Manager of a
To request a visit for your school
factory
consumer club.
1999
A report to the Principal
To inform the principal about the poor

condition and services of the library.

2000
An informal letter to your mother
To ask for some money to buy a

birthday gift for your brother.

2001
An article for your school magazine
How to cope with stress
2002
A talk to other students
Road Safety
2003
A formal letter to your teacher
To state the choice made by your class

on a trip after the end-of-year

examination and give reasons for the

choice.
2004
A report for the principal
To write on matters in your school

which could be improved.

2005
A letter to a friend
(informal letter)
To describe your experiences at a

three-day outdoor camp.

2006
A letter to a friend
(informal letter )
To give reasons why he/she would

make a good Head Prefect

2007
A talk to students
To give a talk on a reference book that

is useful for secondary students

2008
An article for a school magazine
To write an article about your friend.
2009
A report to the Principal
To give reasons for the lack of interest

in sports and provide suggestions to

overcome the problems.

2010
A letter to your cousin
To tell him/her about the benefits of

the National Service Programme and to

encourage him/her to go.

2011
A speech to Red Crescent Society
To inform them on how to manage a
members
sprained ankle.
2012
An article
2013

TOTAL MARKS FOR DIRECTED WRITING

Aspects
Marks
Format
3
Content
12
Language
15
TOTAL
30
CATEGORY DESCRIPTIONS FOR ASSESSMENT
Language 15 Marks
MARK RANGE
DESCRIPTION OF CRITERIA
The language is accurate apart from occasional draft slips.
A
Sentence structure is varied and shows that the candidate is
able to use sentence length and type to achieve an intended
14-15
effect.
Vocabulary shows some sophistication and is used with
precision.
Punctuation is correct.
Spelling is correct across the whole range of vocabulary used.
Paragraphs have unity.
The tone is appropriate for a talk to students.

 The language is almost always accurate but there may be more minor
B
or first draft slips.
Errors may also arise from more ambitious structures which are
11-13
imperfectly understood.
Sentences show some variations in length and type, including
the confident use of complex sentences.
Vocabulary is wide enough to show intended meaning.
Spelling is nearly always accurate.
The tone is quite suitable for a talk to students. The
reader is satisfied that a genuine attempt has been made.

The language is largely accurate to communicate meaning

C
clearly to the reader.
Simple structures are used without error; mistakes may occur
08-10
when more sophisticated structures are attempted.
Vocabulary is adequate to convey intended meaning although it

may not be sufficiently developed to achieve precision.

Sentences shows some variety of length and structures although
there is a tendency to repeat some sentence types, giving it a
monotonous effect.
Punctuation is generally accurate although errors may occur in
more complex uses.
The talk is written in paragraphs which show some unity,
although links may be absent or inappropriate.
The tone of the talk lapses into slang or informal language.
3

 The language is sufficiently accurate.

D
There will be patches of clarity particularly when simple

structures are used.

06-08
Mistakes will occur when more complex sentences are used.

There may be some variety of sentence length and type but this

may not be successful in enhancing meaning or arousing

interest.

Vocabulary is adequate but lacks precision.

 Simple words spelt correctly, but errors may occur when

unfamiliar words are used.

Punctuation is generally correct but does not enhance or clarify

meaning.

Sentence separation errors may occur.

The talk is written in paragraphs which may show some unity

in topic. The style may fail to achieve the informality required

for this task. Lapse in slang or formal language may occur

consistently.

 Meaning is never in doubt, but single errors are sufficiently

E
frequent and serious to hamper precision and speed of reading.

Some simple structures will be accurate but accuracy is not

03-05
sustained for long.

Vocabulary is limited and either too simple to convey precise

meaning or are imperfectly understood.

Simple words will usually be spelt accurately but mistakes will

occur when more difficult words are used.

The talk will have paragraphs but these lack unity and links

are incorrectly used or the speech may not be paragraphed at

all. There may be errors of sentences separation and

punctuation.

The tone may be appropriate for a talk to students.

ASPECTS OF FORMAT

a
Formal report
To: The principal
Addressee

Poor Conditions
Topic/Title

(Paragraphs)

Reported by,

Ereen
Writers name & post

Secretary

b
Formal letter
Alice Tan
Senders name

SMK Kuantan

25000 KUANTAN

The manager
Recipients address

XYZ Sdn Bhd

25000 KUANTAN

2 February 2011
Date

Dear sir,
Salutation

Asking permission to visit

Title

(Paragraphs)

Yours faithfully
Complimentary Close

Alice Tan
(name & designation)

Secretary
c
Informal letter
123, Jalan ABC
Senders address

2500 KUANTAN

Dear Sara,
Salutation

(Paragraphs)
friends name)

Yours sincerely,
Complimentary Close
d
A Speech / Talk
Good morning,
Greeting

The title of my speech is

Topic/Purpose

(Paragraphs)

Thank you
Ending
e
An Article for school magazine /
HEALTHY LIFESTYLE
Title
school newspaper
by Suzy
Writers name

(Paragraphs)
Tone

(sharing&informative)
SPM 2009

Many of your schoolmates are not interested in sports. You have carried out a survey
on the reasons for their lack of interest. Based on your findings, write a report to the
Principal regarding the matter. In your report, give reasons for the lack of interest in
sports and provide suggestions to overcome the problems.
Use the following notes to write your report.
REASONS
Students
attitude
C1
lack of time
C2
Parents
C3
- emphasis on academic performance

- tuition classes
C4
Facilities
insufficient sports equipment
C5
poor condition field, courts
C6
SUGGESTIONS
C7
stress importance of sports

dialogue with parents

C8
improve facilities
C9
employ qualified trainers
C10
organize more competitions
C11
offer attractive prizes
C12
When writing the report, you must:
address your report to the Principal
F1
provide a title
F2

include your name

F3
use all notes given
C1 C12
CONTENT POINTS ELABORATION
C1
Students - attitude
Among the reasons cited by the 1,800 students who did not choose sports as their
preferred activity is their own attitude towards sports.
Students attitude (elaboration reason)
Many of them assume playing sports involves getting hot, dirty and sweaty as well
as being occasionally sunburned.
C2
Students - lack of time

The students also complained about their lack of time.

Students - lack of time (elaboration reason)
Many of them commented that this was caused by the longer school hours and also
because many co-curricular societies, such as uniformed bodies, hold extra
meetings on weekends.
C3
Parents emphasis on academic performance
Not only that, many of the students complained about parental factors where
according to them, their parents place an excessive amount of attention on
academic work.
Parents emphasis on academic performance (elaboration reason)
Many of them have stated that it has become an obsession with their parents to
make them excellent in academics
6

C4
Parents tuition classes
Most of their parents send them for tuition classes , workshops and seminars at
every possible opportunity.
Parents tuition classes (elaboration reason)
With that it has become very difficult for them to make time for leisure, let alone
sports.
C5
Facilities - insufficient sports equipment (elaboration explanation)
Other students complained that the school field and sports equipment are not at a
reasonable level. Since the school field is fully utilised, the students expect it to be at its
level best. However, they have said that the opposite is often true.

Facilities - insufficient sports equipment

There is insufficient sports equipment in the school storage room with only two
soccer balls.
C6
Facilities - poor condition field, courts
The schools hockey equipment is also in very bad condition with several broken hockey
sticks that have not been replaced. The poor condition of the school field and the
badminton courts have also drawn the anger of the students.

Facilities - poor condition field, courts (elaboration explanation)

Many students submitted complaints that the school field is very wet and muddy
after it rains while the badminton courts floor are heavily damaged.
C7
stress importance of sports
Due to the overwhelming lack of interest in sports among the students I have
formulated a few suggestions for consideration. Among my suggestions is that the
school authorities, such as the Head of Student Affairs, should stress the
importance of sports to the students.
stress importance of sports (elaboration explanation)
The message would have a much greater impact on the students if delivered by a
person in authority.

C8
dialogue with parents
Moreover, the school authorities could hold a dialogue with the parents during the
next Parent Teacher Association meeting.
dialogue with parents (elaboration explanation)
During the dialogue, the school authorities could explain to the parents about the
importance of a balanced life for the students through sports.
C9
improve facilities
On top of that, the school could improve he sporting facilities for the students.
7

improve facilities (elaboration explanation)

This step would go a long way towards attracting the interest of the students to get
involved in sports.
C10
employ qualified trainers
Other than that, the school could employ qualified trainers. employ qualified trainers
(elaboration explanation)
The presence of the trainers would be an added bonus for the students because they could
receive proper training on the rules and regulations in sports.

C11
organize more competitions
Last but not least, the school authorities could organize more competitions related to
sports.
organize more competitions (elaboration reason)
This would make the students who have talent in sports to come forth and compete.

C12
offer attractive prizes
The school authorities also could offer attractive prizes to the winners. offer
attractive prizes (elaboration reason)
I am sure it could act as an incentive for students who compete in the sports events.

To : The Principal of Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Bahagia

F1
A report on the Lack of Interest in Sports Among the Students of
F2
Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Bahagia.
I have recently conducted a survey among the students of
Introduction
SMK Bahagia . The results of the survey show that among 2,000
students from form one to form five, only 200 would choose sports as
their preferred leisure activity during their spare time. That number is
only 10% of the student population.

Among the reasons cited by the 1,800 students who did

C1
not choose sports as their preferred activity is their own attitude towards
sports. Many of them assume playing sports involves getting hot, dirty
and sweaty as well as being occasionally sunburned. The students also
complained about their lack of time. Many of them commented that this
C2
was caused by the longer school hours and also because many cocurricular societies, such as uniformed bodies, hold extra meetings on
weekends.
Not only that, many of the students complained about
parental factors. According to them, their parents place an excessive
amount of attention on academic work. Many of them have stated that it
C3
has become an obsession with their parents to make them excellent in
8

academics. With their parents sending them for tuition classes,

C4
workshops and seminars at every possible opportunity, it has become
very difficult for them to make time for leisure, let alone sports.
Other students complained that the school field and
sports equipment are not at a reasonable level. Since the school field is
fully utilized, the students expect it to be at its level best. However, they
have said that the opposite is often true. There is insufficient sports
C5
equipment in the school storage room with only two soccer balls. The
schools hockey equipment is also in very bad condition with several
broken hockey sticks that have not been replaced. The poor conditions
C6
of the school field and the badminton courts have also drawn the anger
of the students. Many students submitted complaints that the school
field is very wet and muddy after it rains while the badminton courts
floors are heavily damaged.
Due to the overwhelming lack of interest in sports among
the students, I have formulated a few suggestions for consideration.
Among my suggestions is that the school authorities, such as the Head
of Student Affairs, should stress the importance of sports to the students.
C7
The message would have a much greater impact on the students if
delivered by a person in authority.
Moreover, the school authorities could hold a dialogue
C8
with the parents during the next Parent Teacher Association meeting.
During the dialogue, the school authorities could explain to the parents
about the importance of a balanced life for the students through sports.
On top of that, the school could improve the sporting

C9
facilities for the students. This step would go a long way towards
attracting the interest of the students to get involved in sports.
Other than that, the school could employ qualified trainers. The
C10
presence of the trainers would be an added bonus for the students
because they could receive proper training on the rules and regulations
in sports.
Last but not least, the school authorities could organize
C11
more competitions related to sports. This would make the students who
have talent in sports to come forth and compete. The school authorities
also could offer attractive prizes to the winners. I am sure it could act as
C12
an incentive for students who compete in the sports events.
Reported by,
F3
..
(Khatijah Bt. Rosli )
Secretary,
Sports Club,
SMK Bahagia
9

Practice 1
SPM 2006
Your friend, who lives in another town, wants to know whether he/she should run for
the post of Head Prefect. Write a letter to your friend giving reasons why he/she
would make a good Head Prefect.
Use the notes given below to write your letter.
Personal Qualities:
C1
friendly

responsible
C2
helpful
C3
Academic Performance:
C4
intelligent student

hardworking
C5
problem solver
C6
Co-curricular Involvement:
C7
Blue House Captain
secretary of English Language Society
C8

school debater
C9
Other points:
C10
lives near school able to sacrifice time
good study habits academic performance will not be affected
C11
popular with students and teachers
C12
When writing your letter, you should remember to include the following:

address
F1
salutation/greeting
F2
close
F3
all the notes given
C1 C12

F1

(senders

address)

F2

(salutation)

check

audience

Introduction

(asking
10

condition)

C1 &
elaboration

(define/
reason/effect/

example)

C2 &

elaboration
(define/

reason/effect/
example)

C3 &
elaboration

(define/
reason/effect/

example)

C4 &

elaboration
(define/

reason/effect/
example)

C5 &
elaboration

(define/
reason/effect/

example)

C6 &

elaboration

(define/
reason/effect/

example)

C7 &

elaboration
(define/
11

reason/effect/

example)

C8 &
elaboration
(define/

reason/effect/
example)

C9 &
elaboration

(define/
reason/effect/

example)

C10 &

elaboration
(define/

reason/effect/
example)

C11 &
elaboration

(define/
reason/effect/

example)

C12 &

elaboration
(define/

reason/effect/

example)

Closing

paragraph

.........................................................................................................................

F3
(signing off)
.........................................................................................................................

Yours
sincerely
12

..
..
..
..
..

Practice 2
SPM 2002
Road accidents have been on the increase with more and more young people becoming victims.
Your school has decided to launch a Road Safety Week to raise awareness among students of
the need to be more responsible on the roads. As chairperson of the schools organizing
committee, you have been asked to give a talk to other students on road safety.

Below are some notes you have made on the reasons why road accidents occur and
suggestions to reduce the number of accidents.
Reasons:
C1
speed

reckless driving
C2
tiredness
C3
racing
C4
poor maintenance of vehicles
C5
bad road conditions
C6

Suggestions:
C7
have strict enforcement of traffic rules

increase fines
C8
use road-worthy vehicles
C9
organize awareness campaigns
C10
increase the age limit for new drivers
C11
suspend driving license of reckless drivers
C12
Write out the talk that you would give. When writing out what you plan to say, you
should remember to:
address the audience
F1
introduce the topic of the talk
F2
use all the notes given above
C1 C12
end the talk appropriately
F3
F1
..
13

..

F2

..
..

C1

...
..
C2
.
.
C3
..
.
.

C4

.
.
C5
..
..
.
.
.
C7
.
.
C8
.
.

C6

C9
.
..
C10
14

..

C11

C12
.
.

2012 CONTINUOUS WRITING

MODULE

F3

15

Past-Year Questions (A Review)

Write a composition of about 350 words on one of the following topics. (In the
examination, you will be given 5 topics to choose from)

2006
Describe an enjoyable weekend you have experienced. [DESCRIPTIVE]
What changes would you like to see in your life in the next ten years?
[REFLECTIVE]
How can television help students in their studies? [GIVING AN OPINION]
Write a story ending with:
..If only I had been more careful, that wouldnt have happened. [NARRATIVE]

Food [ONE-WORD TOPIC]]

2007
Describe an embarrassing experience in your life [DESCRIPTIVE]
My early years [REFLECTIVE]
Teenagers today are only interested in entertainment. Do you agree?
Support your answer [ARGUMENTATIVE]
Write a story beginning with:
Kim was nervous when the door open.. [NARRATIVE]

Tomorrow [ONE-WORD TOPIC]

2008
16

Write about a person who has worked hard to succeed in life [DESCRIPTIVE]

Examinations good or bad? [ARGUMENTATIVE]

My perfect future husband or wife [REFLECTIVE]
Write a story ending with:
..Now I realize the value of a true friend. [NARRATIVE]
5. Stars [ONE-WORD TOPIC]
2009
Describe an unforgettable incident that you saw on your way home from
school [DESCRIPTIVE]
School children should not have long holidays. Do you agree?
[ARGUMENTATIVE/OPINION]
My favourite day of the week. [REFLECTIVE]
Write a story ending with:
..We said our goodbyes and went our separate ways. [NARRATIVE]
Beauty [ONE-WORD TOPIC]
2010
Describe the most popular student in your school [DESCRIPTIVE]
The Internet is mostly a good thing. Do you agree? Support your opinion
[ARGUMENTATIVE]
What can we do to save the environment? [REFLECTIVE]
Write a story beginning with:
It had been raining all day. [NARRATIVE]
Home [ONE-WORD TOPIC]
2011
A famous person you admire [DESCRIPTIVE]

Should school students have part-time jobs? Discuss.[OPINION-BASED]

17

The best things in life are free [REFLECTIVE]

Write a story that ends with:
... they looked at each other and smiled meaningfully [NARRATIVE]
Peace [ONE-WORD TOPIC]

CATEGORY DESCRIPTIONS FOR ASSESSMENT

(Language 50 marks)
MARK
DESCRIPTION OF CRITERIA
RANGE

The language is entirely accurate apart from very occasional first draft

slips.

Sentence structure is varied and sophisticated shows that the

candidate is able to use various types of sentences to achieve a particular

A
effect.

Vocabulary is wide and is used with precision.

44-50

Punctuation is accurate and helpful to the reader.

Spelling is accurate across the full range of vocabulary used.

Paragraphs are well-planned, have unity and are linked.

The topic is addressed with consistent relevance.

The interest of the reader is aroused and sustained throughout the

writing.

The language is accurate; occasional errors are either minor or first draft

slips.

Sentences show some variation of length and type, including some

complex sentences.
B

Vocabulary is wide enough to convey intended shades of meaning with

some precision.

38-43

Punctuation is almost always accurate and generally helpful.


Spelling is nearly always accurate.

Paragraphs show some evidence of planning, have unity and are

usually appropriately linked.

The piece of writing is relevant to the topic and the interest of the reader

is aroused and sustained through most of the composition.

18


The language is largely accurate.

Simple structures are used without error; mistakes may occur when

more sophisticated structures are attempted.

Sentences may show some variety of structure and length but there is a

tendency to use one type of structure, giving it a monotonous effect.

Vocabulary is wide enough to convey intended meaning but may lack

C
precision.

Punctuation of simple structures is accurate on the whole but errors

32-37
may occur in more complex uses.

Simple words may be spelt correctly but errors may occur when more

sophisticated words are used.

The composition is written in paragraphs which may show some unity,


although links may be absent or inappropriate.

The writing is relevant but may lack originality and planning. Some

interest is aroused but not sustained.

The language is sufficiently accurate to communicate meaning clearly to

the reader.
There will be patches of clear, accurate language, particularly when

simple vocabulary and structures are used.

There is some variety of sentence type and length but the purpose is not
D
clearly seen. Punctuation is generally correct but does not clarify

meaning.
26-31

Vocabulary is usually adequate to show intended meaning but this is not

developed to show precision.


Simple words will be spelt correctly, but more spelling errors will occur.

Paragraphs are used but show lack of planning or unity.

The topic is addressed with some relevance but the reader may find

composition at this level lacking in liveliness and interest value.

Meaning is never in doubt, but errors are sufficiently frequent and

serious to hamper reading.

Some simple structures may be accurate, but a script at this level is

unlikely to sustain accuracy for long.

Vocabulary is limited either too simple to convey precise meaning or

E
more ambitious but imperfectly understood.
20- 25

Simple words may be spelt correctly but frequent mistakes in spelling

and punctuation make reading the script difficult.

Paragraphs lack unity or are haphazardly arranged.

The subject matter will show some relevance to the topic but only a

partial treatment is given.

The high incidence of linguistic errors is likely to distract the reader

from any merits of content that the composition may have.

19

TIPS FOR SPM CONTINUOUS WRITING

Write a story because your errors (grammar, spelling, sentence structures and so on) will
not be so glaring in a story compared to a factual/argumentative essay.

Always write about something real and close to you. It is easier than writing
about something fictional, which you have to create and imagine.
Combine description with narration and you will get a wonderful story (see the
sample of a narrative story ending with "We had never laughed so much in our
lives").
Be positive (think positively) about yourself because self- confidence is
important in writing a creative & interesting story.
Be bold to create a story based on personal experience or extensive reading (story books,
etc) as it allows your brain to flow freely as ideas can pop up now & then

(feel free to express yourself or your thought). Jot it down quickly as the ideas
come because our minds can play tricks on us.
Be smart to evaluate the ideas that pop up in your brain & only choose those are
relevant to your story.
Be cautious about your sentences (simple, compound & complex) & to be safe,
always use simple sentence (for weak students), simple & compound (for average
students), compound & complex (for good students).
Be adventurous in creating your story either a real life story based on your
personal experience or a fictional story with some adjustments based on your
extensive reading.
A good writer keeps the examiner guessing whether the story is real or just fiction.

TYPES OF WRITING
NARRATIVE
WRITING A STORY
ARGUMENTATIVE / OPINION-BASED
STATING VIEWS
DESCRIPTIVE
PLACE / PERSON / EVENT
FACTUAL / REFLECTIVE
FACT-BASED
ONE WORD / OPEN RESPONSE
NARRATIVE / ARGUMENTATIVE / FACTUAL

TIPS ON WRITING GOOD CONTINUOUS WRITING

i) Mind maps and outline (table) help to stimulate the mind to think deeper by using
the 5W1H formula :
Who is it? (Person/People)
What is it? (Objects/Things)
Where is it? (Place)
20

When is it? (Time)

Why is it? (Reason)
How is it? (Method)
Important Questions to Ask
What is a well-written essay?
What do examiners look for in an essay?
Fulfilment of task
Have you fully answered the question? Have you used all the points given?

Have you given enough relevant points?

Do your points reflect mature or intelligent thinking on your part?
Cohesion
Are all the paragraphs and ideas appropriately linked?
Does each paragraph have a main idea and a topic sentence? Have you provided enough
elaboration and examples?

Have you used transition markers and connectors? Are they correctly used? Have
you organised your ideas well?
Are your introduction and conclusion interesting?
Accurate grammar
Do you have a variety of sentence structures?
Are your tenses and other grammatical rules correct?
Accurate spelling
Are all the words you have used correctly spelled?
Wide and appropriate vocabulary
Are the words used in the essay suitable? Are they precise? Do you use a wide range of
simple to difficult words?

Are you able to use appropriate idiomatic expressions, figures of speech,

proverbs, similes and other linguistic expressions?
The topic
Is the topic addressed with consistent relevance?

The interest of the reader

Is the interest of the reader aroused?
Is the interest of the reader sustained throughout the writing?
GENERAL GUIDELINES
Two main pointers in writing :Use the right words
A wide vocabulary enables you to write better compositions.
Add a list of Idiomatic Expressions, Figurative Language, Colour Idioms, Similes,
Proverbs, Double Words, Synonyms, Sounds and Homophones.
Write better sentences

21

Use simple sentences, sentences with joining words, longer sentences, sentences with
different beginnings and sentences of different lengths for variety in sentence
structures.

Add adjectives to nouns, adverbs to nouns, phrases and clauses; and use
figurative language, idiomatic expressions, proverbs, similes, colour idioms, pairs
of words and direct speech for vivid and interesting sentences
Variety in sentence structures
Simple sentences
Examples:
Youngsters prefer to watch movies. Exercise is beneficial for health.

Sentences with joining words

Examples:
Many activities had to be cancelled because there was heavy rain. I could not understand
the tourists as they were babbling away in

French.
Longer sentences
Examples:
On my way home from school, I saw thick black smoke coming from a burning house,
and people rushing out with all their belongings.

It is impossible to make ends meets if we have the habit of spending too much
money buying unnecessary luxury goods.
Sentences with different beginnings
Examples:
Beginning with gerunds Beginning with particles

Beaming with pleasure, Mr Da Silva thanked us for the present.

Standing on tiptoe, he tried to see what was actually inside the secret room.
Beginning a phrase with a preposition
At this moment, not a single sound could be heard.
After trying hard, she managed to do the job well. Beginning with other words
Earlier, one of the students had to reject the offer.
Despite being the only child in her family, she manages to be independent.
Sentences of different lengths adding other words, phrases and clauses

Examples :
I turned and fled.
I was so frightened that I turned and fled.

We went on a tour of Melaka.

We, together with some teachers, went on a three-day tour of Melaka.

Vivid and interesting sentences

Add adjectives to nouns
Examples :
monotonous effect
22

incredible strength
Add adverbs to verbs
Examples :
drive recklessly speak boastfully

Add phrases to nouns and verbs

Examples :
The apartment with expensive furniture belongs to the young millionaire.
The spectators cheered in an excited manner when Shahzan Muda scored
another goal.
Add clauses to sentences
Examples :
Mount Kinabalu which is in the state of Sabah is a popular tourist destination.
My neighbour who composes and writes lyrics has won the first prize in the
Asian song-writing competition.
Use of pairs of words, figurative language, idiomatic expressions, proverbs,
similes and colour idioms
Pairs of words
Examples :
safe and sound black and white

Figurative language
Examples :
howling sound piercing scream

Idiomatic expressions
Examples :
keep a straight face go up in smoke

Proverbs
Examples :
when in Rome, do as the Romans do half a loaf is better than none

Similes
Examples :
as quick as lightning as fit as a fiddle

Colour idioms
Examples :

once in a blue moon red-letter day

Use of direct speech

-

to be used in appropriate situations for more effective writing

Example :
23

A new teacher has just been transferred to the school. One of the students asked her
classmate, Jessica, what does the new teacher look like? Jessica replied, You mean
Miss Guok? Oh, shes pretty. Looks like a Japanese doll.
TYPES OF SENTENCES FOR WRITING PURPOSES
1) SIMPLE SENTENCES
2) COMPOUND SENTENCES
3) COMPLEX SENTENCES
1) SIMPLE SENTENCES
A simple sentence contains a subject and a predicate, and it expresses a complete thought. In the
following simple sentences, subjects are in BOLD, and predicate are in ITALICE

Examples:
Some pupils like to eat chicken rice.
Upin and Ipin play volleyball every evening
Zack goes to school and studies everyday
The three examples above are all simple sentences. Note that sentence B contains a
compound subject (Epin and Upin), and sentence C contains a compound verb (goes to the
school and studies) in the predicate. Simple sentences, therefore, contain a subject and verb
and express a complete thought, but they can also contain a compound subject or verb.

COMPOUND SENTENCES
We may form Complex Sentences by using one of the two patterns below:
During recess time, I go to the canteen I go to the canteen during recess time
Before the bell rings, everyone is still in class Everyone is still in class before the bell rings

Linkers/joining words (subordinating conjunctions): As, As if, Because, Since, Although,

Even though, When, While, Until, Unless, Where, etc.
Pattern 1 Linkers,Subject + Predicate, Subject + Predicate Pattern 2 Subject + Predicate,
Linkers, Subjects + Predicate
It is important to know that sentences containing adjective clauses are also complex:

The man whom my dad talked to is my uncle The bird that Ali found was alive
The city where I grew up is in Malaysia Subject + Adjective Clause + Predicate

COMPLEX SENTENCES
We may form Compound Sentences by joining two (2) simple sentences using a

punctuation mark and a linker.

24

Using a Comma and a linker (For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So, etc)
Examples:
The manager tried to help his employees, but they did not listen to him.
The players played well, for they feared they might loose the game.
She plans to get a scholarship to further her studies, so she will study very hard to get
an excellent result in her exam.
Subject + Predicate, joining word Subject + Predicate
Using a Semicolon ( ; )
Examples:
The manager tried to help his employees; they did not listen to him.
The players played well; they feared they might lose the game.
She plans to get a scholarship to further her studies; so that she will not burden her family

Subject + Predicate; Subject + Predicate

Using a Semicolon (;), a linker (however, therefore, in fact, on the other hand, nonetheless,
besides, instead, then, moreover, similarly, nevertheless, etc.) and a Comma (,)

Examples:
a) The car is sporty; however it is expensive.
Subject + Predicate; transition word, Subject + Predicate

25

POPULAR TYPES OF ESSAYS

NARRATIVE WRITING
What is a narrative?
A narrative tells a story or describes a sequence of events. It may be about something
unusual, for example, a strange encounter or event, a sudden catastrophe, a crisis, a
conflict, a victory, an exciting adventure or discovery. However, it may also be about
ordinary experiences, the things that happen everyday.

Tips on writing a narrative

Mind maps and graphic organizers help create an interesting essay.
The essay should be written based on the five senses.
Sense of sight colourful lights, wide variety of food, lush
greeneries, dark stormy, tall, dark and handsome man.
Sense of smell - smell of coffee brewing, aroma of crisp fried
chicken, pungent smell of rotten eggs.

Sense of touch soft silky material, rough surface, warm pot, hot
Iron slimy dirty plates.
Sense of taste - bitter coffee, sweet and savoury puff, hot and
spicy chicken, sour grapes.
Sense of hearing - blaring of horns, the sound of footsteps, doors
creaking, brakes screeching.

29

B. DESCRIPTIVE ESSAY
General guidelines :The purpose of writing is to describe the details of a specific event.
Since you have no notes to fall back on (not like in Directed Writing), you need to
come up with your own details.
You can use your senses to help you give the details : What do you see?
What do you hear? What do you taste? What do you feel?

What do you think?

When describing an event, you can think of : the purpose of the event
the date, time and venue
the people/audience/participants/guests involved
the sequence of events the highs and the lows, incidents, etc. everything you see,
hear, taste, feel or think

other peoples views

a good introduction and a good conclusion
They are three (3) types of descriptive essays. They are :

Describing a scene/event
Describing a place
Describing a person
DESCRIBING AN EVENT / A SCENE
30

When describing a scene or event, you are required to write in some details about the
people and activities going on.
Guidelines in writing descriptions of scenes/events
Be clear about what scene/event you are describing Description must be lively and interesting

Describe activities in details

Activities are arranged in order
Highlight person involved & what are they doing
Capture the mood of the scene (noise, lights & colours)
B) DESCRIBING A PLACE
When describing a place, you are required to describe the place in detail. In your
description, include the people and activities going on.
Guidelines in writing descriptions of places
Give an introduction to the place
Give a physical description of the place (from outside moving to inside) Describe what
you see and hear
Describe in details the activities and attractions
Can include your personal feelings about the place
DOS
DONTS
1.
Have a good grasp of the topic
1.
Choose a topic if you dont
2.
Write about the place/scene only if
understand it
you have the knowledge about it
2.
Try to describe a place/scene if
3.
Describe the activities of the people
you are not sure about it
in it

3.
Leave out the activities of the
4.
Write about your feelings /
people in it
impressions of the place or scene
4.
Leave out your feelings about the
5.
Write concluding lines about your
place/ scene
description
5.
End your description without a
conclusion
Make the writing more vivid by using
adjectives
e.g. panoramic, pollution-free
adverbs
e.g. freely, smoothly
pairs of words
e.g. hustle and bustle
idiomatic expressions e.g. in all weathers
similes
e.g. as pretty as a picture
figurative language
e.g. rough it out
C. DESCRIBING A PERSON
When describing a person/a group of people, you should give enough details about the
person/people. Include their lifestyle, contributions if any and daily activities.

Guidelines in writing descriptions of people

31

Be clear about who you are describing

If he/she is a famous person, mention why is he/she famous If it is about a group,
some knowledge about them is vital Your description must be interesting
Mention the special features why that person is outstanding Use present tense if the
person is still alive
DOS
DONTS
Write a clear description about the
Give a poor description of the person or
person or group of people
group of people
Highlight his/her/their qualities
Leave out his/her/their qualities
Describe his/her/their interests clearly
Leave out his/her/their interests
Describe the lifestyle of that
Forget to mention about the lifestyle of
person/group correctly
the person/group
Conclude the description orderly
End the description abruptly
Make the writing more vivid by using
adjectives
e.g. dynamic, kind, huge
adverbs
e.g. patiently, smoothly
pairs of words
e.g. hale and hearty
idiomatic expressions e.g. down to earth

similes
e.g. as smooth as silk, as fit as a fiddle
figurative language
e.g. running commentary
USEFUL WORDS & PHRASES TO DESCRIBE FEELINGS AND REACTIONS

FEELINGS
REACTIONS
Terrified
face went as white as a sheet
Shocked
my heart missed a beat or two

screamed at the top of my voice

nearly jumped out of my skin

eyes nearly popped out

I stood dumbfounded

I almost choked on my food

Angry
seethed with anger

went mad with rage

started calling names

my parents went mad with rage

he hit the roof

Embarrassed
went as red as a beetroot

was blushing from head to toe

had guilt written all over his face

I did not know where to conceal myself

Amused
burst out laughing

he had everyone in stitches

my friend became hysterical

Happy
she smiled from ear to ear
32

I danced in to the room

TOPIC VOCABULARY
1. Suggested topic vocabulary for describing people
Stature
Face
Eyes
Hair
Fat
Fair-complexioned
Bloodshot
Black
Thin
Dark-complexioned
Dark
Thick
Tall
Freckled
Brown-eyed
Curly
Short
Pimpled
Dreamy
Lustrous
Slim
Oval-shaped
Sleepy
Shining
Lanky
Rosy cheeks
Sparkling
Shoulder-length

Stocky
Watery
Healthy-looking
Burly

Chubby

Muscular

Petite

Well-built

Frail-looking

Other useful words

Accomplished
Efficient
Irritating
Sincere
Adorable
Extravagant

Jovial
Snobbish
Aggressive
Famous
Lazy
Sociable
Arrogant
Fashionable
Meticulous
Soft-spoken
Beautiful
Gentle
Mild-mannered
Sophisticated
Brilliant
Generous
Mischievous
Spiteful
Bold
Glamorous
Narrow-minded
Stubborn
Capable
Good-humoured
Outgoing
Studious
Conscientious
Gorgeous
Popular
Sympathetic
Courageous
Handsome
Proud
Tactless
Cruel
Hardworking
Quiet
Talented
Cunning
Honest

Responsible
Temperamental
Daring
Hot-tempered
Rude
Timid
Diligent
Humble
Selfish
Well-disciplined
Distinguished
Impolite
Sensitive
Well-known
Easygoing
Intelligent
Shrewd
Witty
2. Suggested topic vocabulary for describing places

Places
Bare
Dusty
Muddy
Sandy
Breathtaking
Exotic
Narrow
Scenic
Bustling
Filthy
Noisy
Serene
Chaotic
Flood-prone

Palm-fringed
Shabby
Cockroach-ridden
Haunted
Panoramic
Shady
Comfortable
Hilly
Peaceful
Spacious
Cosy
Historic
Picturesque
Spectacular
33

Crammed
Isolated
Pollution-free
Tidy
Crowded
Lonely
Quaint
Tranquil
Dark
Low-flying
Remote
Unique
Dingy
Messy
Renowned
Well-kept
Deserted
Mountainous
Rocky
Windy
EXERCISES
Read the sentences below and expand them to provide better descriptions.
The first sentence is the bare version. The others are expanded versions. The
expansions are underlined.
Expansion 1
She left the room.
She rushed out of the room
She jumped up, knocking a chair over and rushed madly out of the room.
At once, she jumped up, knocking a chair over in her haste and rushed madly out of
the room, slamming the door behind her.

Expansion 2
Sheng started to cry.
Sheng sat down. Then tears began to flow down her cheeks.
Sheng sat down on the wooden bench. She looked down. Then tears began to flow
down her cheeks. She wiped them away.
Sheng sat down on the old wooden bench in the shed. She looked down t her hands.
Then tears began to form in her eyes and then rolled down her wrinkled cheeks. She

wiped them away hastily.

Sheng could not argue anymore. She walked slowly to the old wooden bench in the corner of
the shed and sat down quietly. She looked down at the rough palms of her hands. Then tears
slowly began to form in her eyes and then rolled down her wrinkled cheeks. She wiped them
away hastily with the back of her left hand.

Expansion 3
He walked away
He walked away slowly
He walked away slowly without turning back.
He walked away slowly, his head bowed. He did not turn back to look at her.
He smiled sadly and sighed. Then he turned around and walked away slowly, his grey head
bowed. He did not turn back to look at her. He walked straight on without hesitating or
stopping, even when he stumbled on some stones that were in his path.

Practice 1
It was a rainy day.
The teacher was angry.
Practice 2
34

i) when tense or worried go jungle near house go by small jungle path path
follows stream walk two kilometres
ii)waterfall shady trees next to it nearby rock lie on it
iii)what I can see tall, straight jungle trees blocking out sun patches of sky though
leaves birds in sky shafts of sunlight filter through half-closed eyes

iv)hear - birds call and answer jungle insects waterfall falling water leaves
rustling in breeze
v)smell ferns, wet earth feel cool breeze. Icy water feet dipped in stream a
leaf brushing past ankle
vi)what I do close eyes try to think of nothing excepr beauty of nature and its
sounds vii)sometimes, float a leaf or tin downstream watch it sail away thinking
of nothing digs sand and pebbles with a finger or with toes

SAMPLES OF INTRODUCTORY PARAGRAPHS

NARRATIVE WRITING
TOPIC:
DESCRIBE AN OCCASION WHEN YOU WERE VERY FRIGHTENED
SAMPLE:
The bus was travelling at high speed. I have been to several trips like this before but this
time I felt frightened. The driver was a new face, the weather was bad and the traffic was
heavy. The passengers were unusually quiet and had looks of anxiety, just as I had.

DESCRIPTIVE WRITING
TOPIC:
MY NEIGHBOUR
SAMPLE:
The moment Mr Seng is up and about, you cannot miss his cherry Good morning,

Alice. Practically everyone gets a personalized greeting. Even if you get out on the
wrong side of the bed, you are right again, with Mr Sengs cheerful and pleasant
disposition. What would people like me do without Mr Seng?

35

PLANNING AN ESSAY
Planning a narrative essay
Climax paragraph - the most exciting part

Next few paragraphs develop the story-line

Last paragraph short conclusion
st

1 paragraph
short, interesting beginning to capture readers attention

Example:
Write a story beginning with: Before I arrived at her house ...

STEP 1 TENSE
Past tense
STEP 2 PLANNING THE STORY-LINE / MAKING SHORT NOTES
a group of boys playing
36

throwing stones at a vacant house shattered windows

shouted and threatened them
caught one boy, gave him shaking discover that hes the landladys son horrified, afraid of
eviction
sudden tea invitation feeling uneasy

twist request for help confidence grew

unexpected ending
felt happy and relieved
STEP 3 WRITING IN DETAILS
expansion / elaboration

Write a story beginning with: Before I arrived at her house ...

Introduction
Before I arrived at her house, I feared Mrs Lee would say some harsh
words to me but to my surprise, she welcomed me warmly. I kept
wondering why she was not angry with me. My mind kept going back to the
incident that happened the day before.
Developing
It was a cool evening and I was jogging in the neighbourhood. As I
the
turned a corner, I noticed a group of boys playing. They were throwing
story-line
stones and pebbles at a vacant house. It was the sound of shattering glass
windows that caught my attention first. I shouted at the boys to stop. They
ignored me and laughed. Seeing that, my anger rose. I threatened to report
them to the police. One of them shouted back, You dont even know our
names! As I got nearer, the rest began to disperse in different directions. I
managed to get hold the collar of one of the boys, and I shook him hard
several times. While doing so, I kept shouting at him.

Dont you have anything better to do than to destroy peoples property?

Who is your father? Who is your mother? Ill report you to the police; you
badly brought up kid ...
In the midst of outrage, one of my neighbours, Encik Hassan, walked
by. He asked me what happened. Just give him a warning and let him go.
After all, he is the son of your landlady, said Encik Hassan after hearing
my story. My fingers immediately released the grip, afraid of the possible
eviction if my actions were reported to my landlady. Horrified, I let go of
37

the boys collar and he ran for his life.

It was this morning, while I remained glum sitting in my room, I heard Mrs Lee calling
me. I looked out of the window to hear Mrs Lee said Johan, come over for tea
today at 4. Then she drove off. I felt uneasy and kept worrying about what would
happen.
Standing before the door to the Lees home, I took a deep breath and knocked softly on the
door. Soon, Mrs Lee stood at the door, inviting me in. As I followed her to the dining room, I
muttered, Mrs Lee ... er ... er I can explain. Pl ... please let me tell you how it all happened.

Johan, I have no idea what youre saying but let me tell you what I asked you over
for. Then you can tell me what youre trying to say. Will that be alright?
Yes, maam, I answered meekly.
Climax
Surprise! Surprise! Mrs Lee only wanted my help to replant her ferns! I could smile
and enjoy my tea. My confidence grew and I related to her the little incident.
To my surprise, she said she had heard about the incident from Encik Hassan and had already
reprimanded her boy. Instead of being angry, she

Conclusion

commended me for my civic consciousness.

I left the Lees house with happy feelings. From dread and fear, apprehension and anxiety, I felt
relief and joy overwhelmed me.

Practice:
Write a story ending with:
... that was how we became firm friends
STORY-LINE / SHORT NOTES
start of new school term
a newcomer bespectacled, serious looking, soft spoken
intelligent scores high marks in all subjects and became teachers pet decided to
have some harmless fun
one day recess put a rat in his bag after recess came in and sat down we sniggered but he
was unaware
take a book from his bag saw the rat and screamed

we burst out laughing expecting him to follow suit instead he became hysterical and
ran out of the class I was stunned ran after him
he was shivering, crying uncontrollably
38

he explained his father used to lock him up in a shed where there were rats when
he did not score A for any subject
apologized began to understand him better became firm friends
PRACTICE
Write a story that ends with.
I will never forgive myself for what had happened.
Write a story ending with..
I was grateful that I had such good neighbours.
Write a story beginning with.
I never thought I would see her again..
Write a story beginning with
The letter I had been waiting for finally arrived
A farewell party

Planning a descriptive essay - event

Climax paragraph - the event
Next few paragraphs incidents leading up to the event
Last paragraph short conclusion

1st paragraph short, introduction

name of event
Example:
A Memorable Experience
STEP 1 TENSE
Past tense

Present tense
STEP 2 PLANNING THE STORY-LINE / MAKING SHORT NOTES
Introduction Graduation Day
Activities leading to the day shopping, messages received The day date, dressed to
kill, felt extra special
39

In the hall tried to spot parents

The moment receiving scroll, nervous, over in a few seconds After the event phototaking, celebration, party

Conclusion will not forget

STEP 3 WRITING IN DETAILS
Expanding and elaborating the notes of story-line

A Memorable Experience
Introduction
I can never forget the day I graduated from university. This was
the day my family and I waited for, and it took five years to achieve. It
was the day I could formally and officially be called an accountant. I
can still recall every moment of that memorable experience.
Activities leading
Weeks before graduation day, my friends and I were busy shopping
to the day
for clothes, shoes and accessories for the big event. Together with my
family, we planned a quiet celebration lunch after the morning
ceremony.

Meanwhile, congratulatory cards and messages came pouring in.

For sentimental reasons, I put them all in an album entitled My
Graduation. Even today, I often flip through the pages and nostalgia
The day
sweeps over me.
Finally the day arrived. It was 24 June, 2011, and my parents,
friends and I were dressed to kill. I felt extra special in my gown
and mortar-board because of all the attention I was getting. Cameras
In the hall
clicked away. I posed for countless photographs with my parents and
friends.
Soon, it was time for us to take our seats in the Great Hall. I still
The moment
remember looking out to see if I could spot my parents in the vast sea
of faces in the hall. This, of course, was impossible.

40

Then the long awaited moment arrived. I walked up to the stage in a daze to receive my scroll.
There were butterflies in my stomach and I could feel my heart pounding. In spite of my
nervousness, I walked boldly and confidently. The short path to the stage seemed to be never
ending. It was like a film in slow motion. Finally, I stretched out both

After the event my arms for my scroll. It was a great moment for me and for my
parents. After all the days spent in preparation for this event, everything was over in
a few seconds.
After the ceremony, we headed for the photo studio o have some photographs
taken by professionals. Then, my parents treated me to a wonderful lunch in a cosy
restaurant.
Later in the evening, I joined my friends for a graduation party at a friends house. We had a
great time enjoying the delicious barbecued

Conclusion meat and reminiscing funny and serious moments. We took more
photographs. There would probably never be another occasion like this. It was the
end to carefree days and the beginning of another chapter in our lives.
It was indeed a memorable experience and I dont think I can ever forget any part of
it.
Practice:
A Frightening Experience
INCIDENT: A close encounter with a tiger on a camping trip
SHORT NOTES
school vacation went camping with classmates
on the way tired spotted wooden hut went in to rest fell asleep woke up with a
start heard roar
peeped through a hole saw tiger circling hut terrified panic-stricken
tiger scratched wooden walls occasionally seemed intend on getting in fears grew
sat on floor huddled together trembled as quiet as mice tiger roared again
and again aggressive
waiting to be mauled by the tiger might break into hut any moment suddenly
heard distance voices
yelled at the top of our voices Help! Tiger! gunshots then silence
four rangers rushed in
relieved happy tears of joy

abandoned camping trip rangers warned of presence of wild animals escorted out
of jungle by rangers
will never be able to forget this frightening experience

41

Planning a descriptive essay person

1. Describe the person
physical features characteristics
habits / idiosyncrasies interests / hobbies
career / work achievements family

Example:
My Favourite Aunt
STEP 1 TENSE
Present tense
STEP 2 PLANNING PARAGRAPHS
Paragraph 1 Alina Kasim maternal aunt, 35 years old
Paragraph 2 height, complexion, physical features

Paragraph 3 habits particular about appearance Paragraph 4

personality comic side

Paragraph 5 characteristics caring, helpful, dependable

Last paragraph conclusion
42

STEP 3 WRITING
expanding the notes

My Favourite Aunt
Introduction
I cannot help but admire the immaculately dressed and beautiful
lady. At the age of thirty-five, she holds herself very well and has
charm and grace to go with it. I hope to be like her some day. She is
Alina Kasim, my maternal aunt. She decided to quit her chambering
3 years ago to pursue her passion and owns a cake shop.
Physical features
Cik Na, as I address her, stands 161 centimetres, with a petite,

slim figure and distinguished features to match. She has a fair

complexion and smiling eyes. Her face is as smooth as silk with rosy
cheeks and pinkish lips. Her hair is always covered with various
Habits /
scarves she so tastefully chooses.
She is very particular about her wardrobe, her choice of
Idiosyncrasies

cosmetics and perfumes. For different clothes, she has shoes, handbags
and accessories to match. Always flawlessly well made-up and
fashionable, my aunt is really attractive. Her dynamic personality is
seen even in her movements and activities. She takes exercise routines
and nutrition very seriously and that explains why she is as fit as a
Personality
fiddle.
Cik Na also has a comic side to her which really makes her so
much fun to be with. She can contort her face into many different
expressions which makes both children and adults roar with laughter.
Her imagination spills over, especially when she goes to a fancy dress

party. She is usually the funniest and the most original. Her witty
43

Characteristics
comments and sense of humour make her the life and soul of
any party or gathering.
Although our household has a helper for domestic chores, my aunt knows how very busy Mum
is. So, she makes it appoint to bring over home-made cakes, curry puffs and other mouthwatering goodies for us to relish. In addition, every Saturday night, we are guests at her home
for dinner. We do not only enjoy the delicious food, but also the exchange of ideas and a running
commentary on the weeks events.

This is really a fun evening. Often during the week, Cik Na is at our home helping us
with our homework or ferrying us to piano lessons or swimming trainings.
A standing order from her is that we are to call her in any crisis or problem. No matter how
busy she is, she always listens patiently.

Ending
She always speaks in a very composed tone, telling us what to do,
or she would rush over to our house to help us. She is really as cool as a cucumber
at all
times.
The nomination for Model Aunt will certainly be Cik Na. She is a beautiful, dynamic,
helpful, humorous and loving person.

Practice:
My Neighbour
SHORT NOTES
Pak Bakar
58 years old retired English Language teacher widower lives alone in a house with
spacious garden 2 grown-up children working in other states

Physical features
Tall, lanky, dark complexion Characteristics
Caring gives free English tuition to poor neighbourhood children Helpful coaches
boys in badminton won competition Friendly never fails to greet young and old

Generous gives fruits from his garden to neighbours Habits

Gardening fruit trees, flowers Goes for evening walks Reading
Idiosyncrasies
Sing while gardening
Swinging a walking stick while walking

44

Planning a descriptive essay place

1. Describe the place
location
places to visit / see
highlights / unusual attractions things to do
people
accommodation weather

Example:
A place I would like to go for a holiday
STEP 1 TENSE

Present tense
STEP 2 PLANNING PARAGRAPHS
Paragraph 1 Pearl of the Orient N.W. of Peninsular Malaysia founded by
Francis Light linked to mainland by the Penang Bridge
Paragraph 2 Penang Hill funicular railway panoramic view cool weather peaceful
Paragraph 3 beaches hotels / chalets - swimming Paragraph 4 Botanical Gardens monkeys

45

Paragraph 5 Butterfly Farm Kek Lok Si Temple / Snake Temple Anglican Church /
Malay mosque
Paragraph 6 variety of food
Last paragraph conclusion ideal getaway
STEP 3 WRITING
expanding the notes

A place I would like to go for a holiday

Introduction
Penang, known as the Pearl of the Orient is my choice for a
holiday destination. It is a small island off the north-west coast of
Peninsular Malaysia. Historically, it was founded by Francis Light
and was once part of the Straits Settlements. It is linked to the mainland
by the Penang Bridge, one of the longest bridges in Asia.
One of the most pleasant places to visit is Penang Hill. For me, a
Location
trip to Penang is not complete without a ride up the funicular railway
to the top. From there, I can get a panoramic view of twinkling lights of

the city below is simply breathtaking. I also like the cool weather and
Places to visit / see
peaceful environment, away from the hustle and bustle of city life. It is
a place where I can relax and feel as if I am in another world.
On the lowlands, the palm-fringed sandy beaches are a paradise for
sea-lovers. I can choose to stay in the luxurious, but expensive five-star
Accommodation
beach hotels along Tanjung Bungah or rough it out in the cheaper
chalets. Here, I can go swimming in the crystal-clear, pollution-free
water or sit under shady trees, sipping refreshingly cool coconut water.
I also look forward to seeing the troops of monkeys in the Botanical
Gardens. I cannot resist feeding them with peanuts just like other
visitors to this popular place. The monkeys are really not afraid of
Highlights /
people and actually roam all over the grounds freely.
46

unusual attractions
There are also many other interesting places to visit. Firstly, there is

the Butterfly Farm. Situated next to the Forest Recreation Park, it has
5,000 multi-coloured butterflies. The farm also includes a water garden
with waterfalls and duck ponds. Another place that is a must is the Kek
Things to do
Lok Si Temple in Air Itam which is reputed to be the largest and finest
temple in South-east Asia. It has giant-sized statues of the four
heavenly kings in Chinese mythology, who are meant to guard the
northern, southern, eastern and western frontiers of the temples in
heaven. The next temple to see is the famed Snake Temple where you
can see snakes entwined round twigs and branches on the premises.
Other famous religious places are the first Anglican Church and the
Malay mosque. The former is distinguish by white columns rising
from a marble floor whilst the latter resembles Moorish architectural
Food
designs.
Finally, one of the chief attractions that lures me to Penang is the

variety of food especially hawker food available. This is the place

to savour the unbeatable Penang laksa, char kway teow and nasi kandar.
Just mentioning these delicacies makes my mouth water. There really is
no other place in Malaysia where you can find food that is as cheap,
plentiful and delicious!
Ideal getaway
In short, Penang Island is my ideal getaway for a holiday. There is
the the peace and quiet of the hill and beaches. There are the tourist
spots to go to, and best of all, the mouth-watering food to enjoy.
Practice:
A place you would like to take your foreign pen-friend to when he / she visits you.
SHORT NOTES
Cameron Highlands popular hill resort scenic beauty cool water
Places to see flower gardens vegetables farms tea estates - waterfalls Things to do buying
fresh vegetables, fruits and flowers at the farms
Nature lovers jungle treks catching butterflies Sports enthusiasts golf, morning / evening
walks Night read / relax by the fireside

Food western and local cuisine

Accommodation hotels bungalows chalets
Cool weather away from humid lowland heat cool rejuvenates fresh and active
Ideal getaway idyllic holiday

47

RATIONAL CLOZE
MODULE

PRACTICE 1
In recent months, a number of people have been found preparing and .(1)
food under poor hygiene conditions. The authorities are taking a very serious view of this
matter and have since taken stern actions (2) such irresponsible behaviour.

Fines are not the only penalty. In.. (3) cases, imprisonment can be expected.
Among those .. (4) have been fined or suspended from carrying on their
business for not maintaining cleanliness are restaurant owners and stall operators at various

food centres.. (5) such as houseflies, cockroaches and mice were found at their

premises when officers made spot checks on them.

One of the more severe cases involved a man who (6) large quantities of

fried fish balls for . (7) to food stalls and restaurants all over the city. He
operated in an almost deserted village of Sentang. There was no electricity and water in the

area and his only source of water was an old well in which the water was found to be

polluted!
1.
A. sell
5.
B. sold
A. Creatures
C. selling
B. Animals
D. will sell
C. Insects
2.
D. Pests

A. on
6.
B. towards
A. made
C. for
B. makes
D. against
C. is making
3.
D. was making

A. big
7.
B. severe
A. contribution
C. major
B. distribution
D. terrible
C. delivery
4.
D. sending

A. who
B. whom
C. which
D. whose

PRACTICE 2
What exactly (1) cavities? Some people say that eating too much sugar

leads to cavities, but that is only half true. On.(2) own, sugar wont hurt your
teeth. But when ..(3) add sugar to the micro-organisms living on your teeth, then

you might have a problem. Micro-organisms are .. (4) bacteria that are so
small that you can only see them with a.(5) . This sticky, slimy colony of micro-

organisms is called plaque. They normally live on your teeth, but you need to control the
amount of micro-organisms (6) brushing. Plaque that hasnt been removed by

brushing can harden into tartar. Plaque .. (7) begin to form 4-12 hours after

you brush your teeth, so it is important that you brush your teeth at least twice a day.
1.
A. cause
5.
B. causes
A. magnifier
C. caused
B. binoculars
D. causing
C. microscope
2.
D. telescope

A. its
6.
B. their
A. through

C. them
B. by
D. our
C. with
3.
D. from

A. you
7.
B. we
A. could
C. they
B. may
D. he
C. would
4.
D. should

diminutive
minute
small
tiny

PRACTICE 3
In a field one summers day a grasshopper was hopping about, chirping and singing to
..(1) heart content. An ant passed by, bearing along with great toil (2)

corn he was taking to the nest.

Why not come and chat with me said the grasshopper, instead of toiling and

moiling in that way?

I am helping to lay (3) food for the winter, said the ant, and
recommend you to do the same.
Why worry? said the grasshopper, we have got (4) food at
present.
But the ant went on its way and continued its toil. When the winter came, the
grasshopper had no food and found. (5) dying of hunger, while it saw the ants

distributing everyday corn and grain from the (6) they had collected in the

summer. Then the grasshopper (7) it is best to prepare for the days of
necessity.
1.
D. enough of
A. its
B.
its
5.
C. it
A. themselves
D. the
B. himself
C. oneself
2.

D. itself
A.
a cob of
B. an ear of
6.
C. a cup of
A. hoard
D. a piece of
B. reservoir
C. cache
3.
D. stores
A. on
B. in
7.
C. up
A. knew
D. down
B. knows
C. had known
4.
D. would know
lot of
plenty of
sufficient of
4

PRACTICE 4
Kerrie and I checked the groups equipment, making sure all the headlamps worked perfectly.

Then, I .. (1) explained all the precautions that needed to be taken and all the
dangers that can be found in Devils Sink. I could tell their attention was waning, so I ended

my speech, and started . (2) the mouth of the cave.

The small crack . (3) the face of the limestone quarry was almost
completely covered by thick undergrowth. One by one, they wriggled into the crack and
disappeared into the darkness. Kerrie and Marian had gone first, while I .. (4)the

rear.
A thick coat of mud covered the floor of the cave, and cool water . (5)
from the ceiling. Ahead, an enormous pillar of calcium caught the groups attention. Moving

to the pillar, I explained how it had formed. We slowly advanced to the next room and
gathered around .. (6) gallery of stalactites, stalagmites and other limestone
formations. Some of the members started. (7) photos, knowing that they could

not remove anything from the cave. Most of the group were hungry, so I directed them to

another room for lunch.

1.

C. took up

A. completely
D. went up
B. briefly
C. thoroughly 5.
D. exactly
A. has been dripping
B. was dripping
2.
C. had dripped
A. towards D. dripped
B. from
C. for 6.
D. to A. magnificent
B. impressive
3.
C. glorious
A. at D. awesome

B. in
C. on 7.
D. by A. taking
B. catching
4.
C. shooting
A. carried up D. snapping
B. brought up
5

PRACTICE 5
Our hotel was located on the beach. That morning, after breakfast, we went for a
walk on the beach. After we had walked(1) about an hour, we
realized that the sea water was drawing back out into the sea. We were amazed at
this(2) and just stood there, wondering what had caused it.
(3) we saw a huge splash out by the reefs that lay about two miles off
the coast. Then, we saw a wall of water rising high into the sky. People were shouting,
Run! So we started to run back to the hotel that was behind us. In the gardens, we met
people who shouted, Climb a tree! So I ran to the nearest tree. As I .. (4)
to climb that tree, I first heard the deafening roar of the wave.
When the wave hit (5), I was smashed into a tree branch and then was swept
away. The waters carried me (6) the streets of the town. I sank under a few
times, but, somehow, each time, I managed to resurface. At one point, a chunk of roof came
rushing alongside me. I managed to grab on it and hold onto it for a while, until it crashed
into a (7) rubble. At the impact, some of the rubble fell down and half-buried
me. The roof segment was jammed tight in the rubble with me on it. I just lay there, for I
dont know how long, too terrified and exhausted to try to get out.

1.
A. for
5.
B. till
A. me
C. on
B. them
D. in
C. myself
2.
D. themselves

A. sight
6.
B. event
A. along

C. incident
B. through
D. phenomenon
C. towards
3.
D. throughout

A. Immediately
7.
B. Suddenly
A. a heap of
C. Quickly
B. a group of
D. Shortly
C. a pile of
4.
D. a lump of

A. start
B. started
C. was starting
D. had started

PRACTICE 6
Littering is illegal in most countries. (1) few countries impose the harsh
laws that have been resorted to by our neighbouring country, Singapore. In most
other countries, the police forces .(2) kept too busy with criminals to
spend much energy on litterbugs. Instead, the local government carries out antilittering campaigns designed to educate the public about this problem. For example,
a huge sign was erected along a (3) in one Malaysian town stating,
Cleanliness is Everyones Responsibility. One wonders if it would stop a passing
pedestrian from throwing his cigarette butt on the road.
Yet, the public does need to be educated. People(4) realize that the proper thing
to do with their litter is to drop it in a bin and, if there is no bin nearby, to hold on to it until
they see one. Ideally, of course, litter bins should be available (5)

one would expect litter. And these bins should be emptied regularly.
The time has also come for our authorities to start taking serious action against people
who litter in public places. In fact, our Minister of Housing and Local Government

. (6) that efforts are underway to make such litterbugs do

community service such as sweeping public places and picking .. (7)
litter, wearing T-shirts with the words I am a litterbug on them. Such punishment
has been found to be effective in some countries.
1.

D. should

A. However
B. Similarly 5.
C. In addition A. all over
D. On the contrary B. whenever
C. wherever
2.
D. whatever
A. is
B. are 6.
C. was
A. announces
D. were
B. announced
C. is announcing
3.
D. had announced
A. corridor
B. pathway 7.
C. walkway A. up
D. highway B. off
C. on
4.
D. by
A. might
B. would
C. could

PRACTICE 7
When I arrived at 2.30 a.m., (1) area was deserted and the building was
dark except for a single light in a ground floor window. I honked twice and waited.
But no one appeared. Under such (2), many drivers usually drive away.
But I had seen too many people who depended .. (3) taxis as their only
means of transportation. Unless a situation smelled of danger, I always went to the
door. The passenger might be someone who needed my assistance, I reasoned to
myself. So I walked to the door. Just as I approached, the door opened.
Just a minute, I heard an elderly voice.(4), I could hear something being
dragged across the floor. After a long pause, the door opened. A woman in her 80s
stood before me. She was very thin and frail looking, and was supporting herself by
holding on to the door. By .. (5) side was a small suitcase. The
apartment looked as if no one had lived in it for years. All the furniture ..
(6) covered with sheets. There were no clocks on the wall, no knick-knacks or
utensils on the counters. In the corner was a cardboard box filled with photos and
glassware. Would you please carry my bag out to the car? she said.
I took the suitcase to the cab, and then returned to assist the woman. She took my arm and
we walked towards the curb. She kept thanking me for my kindness. Its nothing, I told her.
I just try to treat my (7) the way I want my mother treated.

1.

C. call off

A. a D. call up
B. an
C. the 5.
D. - A. my
B. her
2.
C. his
A. moments D. it
B. occurrences
C. incidences
6.
D. circumstances A. was
B. were
3.
C. had
A. on D. have
B. in
C. at 7.
D. for A. buyers
B. clients
4.
C. customers
A. call in
B. call out

D. passengers

PRACTICE 8
Should we get excited and worried (1) the loss of forests? Yes, we should.
Healthy trees are a vital part of the environment, and keep the entire balance of the
atmosphere agreeable to all life forms. Forests are . (2) areas for rainwater,
holding the rainwater in the leaves of the trees, so that it will not sink so quickly into the
earths crust. Furthermore, the forests (3) maintain the water cycles in
the area. The masses of cloud that provide the rain are formed over the moist forests.
Thus, the destruction of forests .. (4) also lead to a reduction in rainfall over
the area, resulting in drought.
Forests also protect and feed the earths fragile mantle of soil. Trees curb soil erosion.
Without the tree cover, the land is totally exposed to the agents of erosion, such as strong
winds and heavy rainfall. The strong winds (5) the top layers of the soil and
the flowing water carries it away into the rivers, lakes or sea. . (6), the once
fertile land is converted into a barren wasteland. In addition, denuded hill slopes are
vulnerable to landslides, which can be catastrophic disasters, resulting in the loss of homes
and lives. Apart from preventing soil erosion and landslides, forests, with their abundant
supply of leaves, give compost back to the land, thus helping it to remain fertile. The leaves
of the trees and the droppings of the birds, animals and insects which . (7) in them,
fall to the ground, where they decay and replenish the soil with mulch, minerals and manure

1.

B. can

A. in C. will
B. on D. must
C. over
D. about
5.
A. blow off
2.
B. blow out
A. containment
C. blow of
B. catchment D. blow away
C. holding
D. tank
6.
A. Finally
3.
B. Eventually
A. help
C. Consequently
B. helps
D. Subsequently
C. has helped
D. is helping 7.
A. stay
4.
B. live
A. may
C. put up
9

D. dwell

PRACTICE 9
Chee Keong knew that there were gangs in his school.,..(1), they did not interest

him and he never joined them. At fifteen, he (2) for his PMR examination

and, not being a very good student, he failed. His school life was over.
Chee Keong was not a lazy person and soon found(3) a job in a
furniture shop, learning to shellac cupboards, tables and chairs. He loved swimming and film-

shows and looked forward . (4) his paycheck when he could enjoy those
attractions more often. The great day came at last and his hand closed .. (5) the
notes in his pocket, as whistling cheerfully, he left the shop. He had not gone far when he was

suddenly surrounded by . (6) young men. Hand it over! one of them demanded,
and the frightened fifteen-year-old knew he .. (7) no choice. There was the glint

of knives in the evening sun and fierce faces around him.

1.
A. However
5.
B. Therefore
A. in
C. Furthermore
B. up
D. Consequently
C. over
2.
D. around

A. sit
6.
B. sat
A. a band of
C. is sitting
B. a troop of
D. was sitting
C. a gang of
3.
D. a bunch of

A. herself
7.
B. himself
A. has
C. oneself
B. have
D. ourselves
C. had
4.
D. got

A. to
B. for
C. from
D. with

10

PRACTICE 10
Malaysian Anti-Corruption Company (MACC) officers here yesterday .. (1) a
fishermans wife red-handed while allegedly offering a RM1,500 ..(2) to a
policeman. The amount is for her husband who has been detained for a drug offence. It is
learnt that the 36-year-old woman was detained while handling.(3) the cash to a
police inspector in Cherang Ruku, Pasir Putih, at about 10 a.m.

A source said the woman had .. (4) to strike a deal for her husbands
release, but police in turn alerted the MACC. Her 39-year-old husband was detained
with several others during (5) anti-drug operation at a house in Pasir
Putih on Monday, the source said.
Kelantan MACC director Nor Rasmi Shaari confirmed .(6)arrest and
. (7) the police for their tip-off.
1.
catch
caught
were catching
had caught
5.
2.
A. a
A. bribe
B. an
B. offer
C. the
C. gift
D. D. present
6.

3.
A. her
A. up
B. his
B. to
C. their
C. off
D. theirs
D. over
7.

4.
A. commented
A. try
B. commanded
B. tries
C. recommended
C. tried
D. applauded
D. trying

11

1
2

2012 INFORMATION
TRANSFER
MODULE

13

PRACTICE 1
Theme: HEALTH
Questions 1 10
Read the following brochure and answer the questions that follow.
HEALTH PRODUCTS
DHA Emulsion
Heliocare Oral
Is your child often lacking in focus and
It is the first line of defence against the sun and
concentration? Try DHA Emulsion, a truly
is widely regarded as the sun protection of the
delicious orange-flavoured emulsion that
future. It does not need reapplication, acts on
provides 200mg DHA per serving. It helps
the entire skin, prevents photoaging,
support your child growing minds and builds
pigmentation and preserves the immunological
strong bones and healthy immune system.
system from solar radiations.

100% Natural-Eversweet
Mederma
Diabetics, pre-diabetics, weight watchers and
It is a combination of 3 active ingredients that
those with sugar concerns can now look
supports the skins natural healing process,
forward to this all-new sweetener in
effectively reduces redness and itching and
convenient, easy-to-carry tablet dispensers and
makes the skin softer and more elastic. It is
sachets. It has the best sweetness taste profile
suitable for various types of scars even in
closest to sugar.
children as the content is safe and mild.

Audace Extra
OCCUsharp
It is a hair reactive and hair fall control tonic
It helps to shield the eyes from damaging
and shampoo. It revitalises your hair with its
sunlight, light from computer screens and other
enriched vitamins, protein and anti-oxidants. It
forms of lights. It contains 2 essentials antialso helps rejuvenate and nourish scalp and
oxidant nutrients naturally concentrated in the
makes you have a great-looking hair everyday.
macula, retina and lens of the eyes.

14

Questions 1 6
Using the information given, select the most suitable health products for each person below.

Description
Health Product
En. Majid is diabetic and has to control his sugar
intake.
1. ...................................................
Pn. Alisa would like to take her children to the
beach. She is worried that they might get sunburn.
2. ...................................................
Kavitha wants to have beautiful long hair.
3. ...................................................
Aiman Haqeem cannot concentrate while
studying. He also lacks focus in class.
4. ..................................................
Margaret would like a product that makes her skin
softer and more elastic.
5. .................................................
Ahmad uses the computer almost 24 hours a day.
He doesnt want his eyesight to be spoilt.
6. ..................................................

[6 marks]

Questions 7 10
Using the information from the brochure, complete the sentences with short answers.
100% Natural Eversweet can be used to replace sugar because
..........................................................................................................................................

[1 mark]
Mederma can be apllied on many types of scars even on children as .............................
..........................................................................................................................................

[1 mark]
Besides making one has great-looking hair, Audace Extra also helps ...........................
..........................................................................................................................................

[1 mark]
The benefit of DHA Emulsion is.....................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................

[1 mark]
15

PRACTICE 2
Theme: PEOPLE
Questions 1 10
Read the following brochure and answer the questions that follow.

FESTIVE ESCAPADE
RM248.00 nett
Per room per night
PACKAGE INCLUDES:2 breakfast at Coffee House
2 dinner at Coffee House(Buffet Dinner or Set Dinner subject to
availability) Valid for Superior Room only
Applicable on Sunday to Thursday except Eve and Public Holiday
Additional RM30.00 nett on weekend (Friday/Saturday), Eve and
Public Holiday
For reservations, please call us at

06-6487888
KLANA BEACH RESORT
PORT DICKSON MALAYSIA
Batu 8 Jalan Pantai Teluk Kemang
71050 Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan Darul Khusus
For further details:
(T) 606 648 7888 (F) 606 648 7999
Email: [email protected]

16

Questions 1 10
Using the information from the brochure given, complete the graphic organiser below.
Name of resort
2. ......................................................

Name of promotion
Weekdays price
1. ...............................................
3. ........................................

Weekend price
4.........................................

HOLIDAY
PROMOTION
Contact no.
5. ........................................

Location

6. ........................................

Package includes

Furtherinformation contact
. ....................................................

9
8. ....................................................
.

10

17

................................................

PRACTICE 3
Theme: HEALTH
Questions 1 10
Read the following brochure and answer the questions that follow.

18

WEDNESDAY

MONDAY
Regular Stuffed Crust Pizza
& Cream

of Mushroom Soup
RM 29.90

THURSDAY
Regular Traditional Crust
Pizza & 4 pieces Honey
BBQ Wings
RM 29.90

TUESDAY
Large Traditional Crust
Pizza & Lime Juice

RM 24.90

FRIDAY

Spaghetti Bolognaise
with Napolitana sauce
and chicken meatballs &
Lime Juice
RM 19.90

Spaghetti with Carbonara

sauce and roasted sliced
mushroom & Garlic Bread
with sesame seeds
RM 24.90

Questions 1 6
Using the information given, select the most suitable health
products for each person below.

No.
Question
Answer
19

1
How much is the discount for all types of meals?

2
Which days have the same price meals?

3
Which day has soup on the menu?

4
Which day offers the cheapest meal?

5
Which day is bread served?

6
Which days offer complimentary drinks with the
meals?

[6 marks]
Questions 7 10
Using the information from the brochure, complete the sentences with short answers.
Carols children love chicken coated with honey. They would enjoy ...

..

[1 mark]
Sam loves spaghetti but only has RM20 for a meal at Pizza Hut. He can buy ...

..
[1 mark]
Ramli visits Pizza Hut on Wednesday. The meal on that day is

..
[1 mark]
Rose orders two large traditional crust pizzas and lime juice. He has to pay .

..
[1 mark]

PRACTICE 4
Theme: ENVIRONMENT
Questions 1 - 10
Read the following brochure and answer the questions that follow.
20

SOURCE REDUCTION
The most basic way to reduce waste is to prevent it from becoming
waste in the first place
It includes using less material when making a product or using light-weight packaging
materials instead of heavy ones
It also includes reusing items by repairing them, donating them to charity or finding
other uses for them
RECYCLING
It turns materials which would otherwise become waste into something
useful
Materials collected like glass, metal, plastics and paper are separated and sent to
facilities that can process them into new materials or
products.
Composting is also a form of recycling in which garden waste is turn into valuable soil
additives

Questions 1 10
21

Using the information from the brochure given, complete the graphic organiser below.

RECYCLE

Method 1
Method 2
1. ..........................................
2.
....................................................

Definition:
Definition:
3. reducing waste by preventing ..
4. turning materials which ..........
......................................................
......................................................

Materials that can be recycled:

Activities:
glass

Reusing items
8

. ..................................

5....................................
9

. ...................................

6....................................
paper

7. ..................................

10. ..............................................
is garden waste that is turned into valuable soil additives

PRACTICE 5
22

Theme: SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Questions 1 - 10
Read the following brochure and answer the questions that follow.

iPhone 4s - Your wish is its

command
iPhone 4S lets you use your voice to send messages, schedule meetings, place
phone calls, and more. Ask iPhone 4s to do things just by talking the way you
talk. iPhone 4s understands what you say, knows what you mean, and even talks
back. iPhone 4s is so easy to use and does so much, youll keep finding more and
more ways to use it
PRICE : RM1999

iPad - Technology so advanced, youll forget its even

there.
When you pick up iPad, it becomes an extension of you. Thats the idea behind
its innovative design. Its just 0.34 inch thin and weighs as little as 1.33 pounds,
so it feels completely comfortable in your hands. And it makes surfing the web,
checking email, watching movies, and reading books so natural, youll wonder
why you ever did it any other way.
PRICE: RM1699

iPod Meet your musical icons.

Getting where you want to go is simple on iPod nano. The large icons make
scrolling and tapping to get to your favorite music, workout, radio station, or
clock face easy. View icons one at a time, or display four icons on each screen.
And you can change the order of the icons to find your stuff fast.
PRICE: RM399

23

Questions 1 6
Using the information given, select the most suitable answer for each question below.
Description
Product
Price

A great companion to bring along. You can

easily tap and scroll to get your favourite
1. ..........................
2. .....................
entertainment.

It is like a laptop in your pocket. Its

innovative design makes surfing the web,
3. ..........................
4. .....................
checking email and even watching movies
so naturally.

The latest phone which can imitate the way

you talk.
5. .........................
6. ...................

[6 marks]

Questions 7 10
Using the information from the brochure, complete the sentences with short answers.
The thin and light features of the gadget makes it very portable as it ..................................
...............................................................................................................................................

[1 mark]
8.
The .......................................................
on the iPod make scrolling and tapping easy and
users can change the icons to find their stuff fast.

[1 mark]
9.
The iPhone can talk back as ................................................................................................

[1 mark]
10.
Everything seems possible with iPad as the .......................
,.................................................

[1 mark]

24

PRACTICE 6
Theme: SOCIAL ISSUE
Questions 1 - 10
Read the following brochure and answer the questions that follow.
CHARITY MUSICAL
A charity musical in aid of Projek Hati Nurani Program Sekolah Dalam Hospital
will be presented by Farah Sulaiman & Friends at Auditorium DBKL next month
Titled Broadway Bites, it is produced by Farah, an experienced stage performer,
and written directed by Sabrina Hassan. Scheduled for March 14
feature 18 songs from 18 different musicals.

th

th

to 18 , it will

The project is a joined initiative between the Education Ministry and Yayasan Nurul
Yaqeen, which is under the patronage of Puan Sri Noorainee Abdul Rahman, the wife
of Deputy Prime Minister Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin.
It provides for structured yet flexible education programmes specially tailored for
preschoolers to upper secondary pupils undergoing extensive periods of medical
care in hospitals. The project, launched in July last year, is being implemented in
Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Hospital Serdang and Hospital Ampang.
We hope the public will come and support this stage performance. This will be an
unforgettable experience for everybody on many levels, especially the children,
says Farah.
Tickets are available at www.ticket2you.biz, from RM53 to RM203. Call 0341478600.

25

Questions 1 10
Using the information from the brochure given, complete the graphic organiser below.

Presenter:
1.

Venue:

Title:

2..

Price of tickets:

Organisers:

4 5
6
Participating Hospitals:
26

Website:

10

8
9

2012
READING COMPREHENSION
& SUMMARY

MODULE

27

PRACTICE 1
1
Just like any other modern device, the mobile phone has become
an indispensable part of our lives. These days, we trade our phones for
newer units, with sharper colour screens, digicams, as well as more
polyphonic ringtones. We seem to be getting new phones faster than
we get new clothes.
5
2
However, not all old mobile phones go back to the market to be
resold when the owner decides to get a new unit. Some are left at
home to rot in the drawer while others are sent to the garbage bin, a

practice which, at the end of the day, adds to the growing volume of
toxic waste in our countrys landfills. The fear by environmentalists is
10
that as millions of mobile phones are disposed of with other trash, the
possibility exists for their toxins to be released into the air and even
ground water.
3
Mobile phones are full of pollutants such as lead (primarily from
soldering), arsenic, antimony, beryllium, copper, nickel, mercury and
15
brominated flame retardants. Older phones use nickel-cadmium
batteries which contain cadmium, a toxin and suspected carcinogen.
Therefore, the fear of the environmentalists is genuine and reason
enough to worry.
4
Even if Malaysians want to do the right thing, most are just too
20
engrossed to figure out the right way to get rid of their phones. A
private college student, who likes to follow the latest trends when it
comes to mobile phones, disclosed that when she buys a new one, the
old one goes to her favourite charity.
5
The managing director of the Petaling Jaya Community Centres
25

Environment Centre, said that unfortunately it is not often that his

28

office gets unused or old mobile phones from the public. The few
times that it does receive mobile phones, the units are totally unusable
and irrepairable and theres nothing that can be done apart from
tossing them into the centres scrap metal bin to be sold for their
30
weight. If there are any that can be used, they are sent to the shop to
be repaired.
6
Nokia Malaysia offers a wide range of electronic waste
management services including recycling, processing and refining.
According to Nokia, a typical mobile phone recycling process
35
involves the material being shredded into scrap. Metal and plastic
parts are then separated. The metals are sold to metal refineries, where
they are melted and purified for reuse. However, the recycling rate of
plastics is low, partly because recovered plastics often contain
impurities. Fortunately, most recycled plastics are suitable as a fuel
40
replacement for oil. In addition, the plastic scraps can also be turned
into plastic benches and fences.
7

Nokia encourages its mobile phone users to send mobile phones

which are beyond repair to them for proper disposal. If not stored in
the correct conditions, old and unused phone batteries may leak and
45
toxic chemicals will be released into homes. Even if stored in the best
conditions, what happens to these phones eventually? One day, they
will probably be discarded with the trash and end up in landfills.
8
Mobile phone sales continue to climb, making it unlikely that the
number of used phones will decline. All too often the one you used to
50
love and take everywhere with you, is now left at home, in a drawer,
unwanted and abandoned. However, attitudes are beginning to change
as awareness and education grow. Ongoing campaigns by various
governments as well as by companies and organizations within the
telecommunications industry can and will help prevent old mobile
55
phones from making their way to landfills. Hence, it is our social
responsibility as users to help protect the environment for future
generations. Remember: reclaim, reuse and recycle for a greener
earth.

(Adapted from The Star, 8 July 2004)

Questions 26 30
Answer all questions. You are advised to answer them in the order set.
26. (a) In paragraph 1, why do people trade in their mobile phones for newer units?
..............................................

[1 mark]
(b) Not all mobile phones are traded for newer units. What happens to most of them
when owners get a new one?
29

............................................................................

[1 mark]
(a) Give two reasons why mobile phones are considered dangerous.
......................................................
[1 mark] (ii) ....
.............................................................................

[1 mark]
(b) From paragraph 3, find a word which has the same meaning as preoccupied.
..................................................................

[1 mark]
28. In paragraph 4, what happens when people donate their handphones to the
Petaling Jaya Community Centres Environment Centre?
(i) ............................................................................

[1 mark]
(ii) ..............................................................................

[1 mark]
29. From paragraph 5, state one use of recycled plastics.
..............................................................
[1 mark] 30. In your own words, state how we can educate the public to recycle their mobile
phones.

..................................................................
............................................................................

[2 marks]
Question 31
This article describes the threats posed by mobile phones to the environment and the
solutions to the problems.
Based on the text, write a summary of :
the dangers posed by improper disposal of mobile phones how they are recycled

Your summary must draw material from lines 6 to 42

Begin your summary as follows :
Unused
mobile
phones
pose
a

30

threat
to
the
environment
by

31

PRACTICE 2
Tears flowed down the cheeks of my daughter when she called after spending her first night at
the remote National Service training camp in Tambunan, located in the Interior division of
Sabah.

My daughter, Melizarani, left home on December 29 and for

the first time in 17 years. She stayed away from the family and
5
underwent a transformation to understand life better. Pampered with
comfortable living in the city all her life, she found it difficult to
adjust to the dormitory there. She was terrified by the palm-sized
rhinoceros beetles, grasshoppers and spiders and she also disliked
bathing in the cold water at the foothills of the Crocker Range.
10
3
Besides the unknown challenges she had to face as a trainee at

the camp, her major setbacks were missing home-cooked food, family
and friends as well as losing the golden chance of chatting via the
Internet. Among her other trivial challenges were not being allowed to
use her mobile phone on weekdays and not allowed to leave the camp.
15
She also had to hand washed her clothes and undertook various
responsibilities and followed regimented schedule daily.
4
My advice to her was to be focused and strong because life is
an adventure and she should view her three-month stint there as a
privilege to learn more about life and nature.
20
5
To give her moral support, I visited her with the whole family at
the camp's open day on January 19. Indeed, it was an emotional
reunion which enhanced family bonding and understanding. She had
lost some weight. She looked more tanned as well as trim and fit. She
had developed a strong comradeship with other trainees from Sabah
25
and Sarawak. The camp is about two hours' drive uphill from Kota
32

Kinabalu and I was overwhelmed by the picturesque villages, scenic

hills and the pleasing view of Mount Kinabalu on the drive up. Only a
handful of parents turned up to visit the 300 odd trainees and
participated with them in games and performances. Some trainees
30
were cheerful, several were solemn and many were visibly missing
their loved ones and home.
6
Their daily routine was to wake up at 5a.m. and they had to stay
up until II p.m. to complete their activities and chores. My daughter
received a monthly allowance of RM150 for participating in the
35
National Service. Daily, the trainees ate six meals. To my surprise, on
the day we were there, they were given packed rice with chicken, fried
fish and vegetables and a bottle of mineral water for lunch. This was a
luxury compared to the meals at the rough and tough Outward Bound
camp training which I underwent in Lumut, Perak, in 1989.
40
7
A month later, my daughter no longer feared insects and had
adapted well to the environment. She had fallen in love with the

charming view of the 4,095m Mount Kinabalu that greeted her every
morning. I was pleased with the transformation my daughter went
through since she joined the National Service. She appreciated life
45
more and coped with challenges and disappointments positively. She
had even reached the summit of Mount Kinabalu which was a great
achievement for her. Apart from that, she had improved her selfdevelopment skills and showed love and care for others. Above all,
she had grown up to be a brave and responsible teenager. Melizarani
50
had developed interest in spirituality and looked forward to her
Sundays because she got to travel out of the camp to perform prayers
at a Hindu temple in Kota Kinabalu. Her camp experience had made
her realize how fortunate she had been in many ways compared to the
other trainees.
55
On March 11, she called home with confidence and reported the activities she had successfully
completed excitedly. She had also learnt some cultural dances, songs and the Kadazan
language.

From my daughter's experience, I am sad to note that some

parents gave false excuses for their children to escape the National
60
Service Camp, not realising that they are missing a once-in-a-lifetime
experience.

(Sunday Metro, February 2008)

Questions 26 30
Answer all questions. You are advised to answer them in the order set.
26. a) From paragraph 1,why did Melizarani leave home?
33

.......................................................................................................................................
.............

[1 mark] b) From paragraph 3, state two of Melizarani's biggest challenges as a trainee at

the camp.
i) ................................................................................................................................................

[1 mark]
ii) ................................................................................................................................................

[1 mark] 27. a) From paragraph 5, besides her physical changes, what is a positive
improvement in Melizarani after three weeks of training?
.......................................................................................................................................
.............

[1 mark]

b) From paragraph 5, which phrase suggests that not many people were present on
the open day?
................................................................................................................................
...................
[1 mark]

28. From paragraph 6, the word they in line 32 refers to

................................................................................................................................
...................
[1 mark]

29. From paragraph 7,

a) what is the most important change in Melizarani since she attended the National Service?
................................................................................................................................
...................
[1 mark]

b) how do you know that Melizarani's religious belief is stronger?

.......................................................................................................................................
..............

[1 mark]

30. From paragraph 9, explain in your words why teenagers should not miss the

National Service Camp.

.......................................................................................................................................
..............
.......................................................................................................................................
..............

[2 marks]

Based on the passage given, write a summary on:

the positive changes in Melizarani after she joined the National Service training

Your summary must use materials from lines 18 to 55

Begin your summary as follows:
34

At
the
camps
open
day,
Melizaranis
family
noticed
that
she

35

PRACTICE 3
1
Patricia Zahara Ariffin, 71, is a body painter. She paints
pictures on people's faces and hands at the National Zoo. Visitors will
definitely notice her while waiting to take the train ride at the starting
point. She will be there, with her forearm stretched out to show off the
various animals she has painted on her skin. "Get your face painted,"
5
this sprightly lady will say to persuade the children. "Won't it be cute
to have a little dolphin on your hand?" she will suggest to them.
Sometimes, she would be mobbed, surrounded by those eager children

to have her "masterpiece" on their skins. Sometimes, she sits alone

under her large umbrella with her tubes of water-based paints and
10
brushes. Patricia is not a professional artist. Art critics described her
paintings of owls, eagles, tigers and fishes as "cute". Nothing more.
This is not a big deal to the English native who came here after her
marriage to a Malaysian in the 1950s. After all, she only started faceand-hand painting in March when the Malaysian Nature Society
15
needed something novel to attract the crowd to come to their Floral
Exhibition in Tanjung Tuan, Melaka.
2
Patricia can always be seen at the train ride station, come rain
or shine, on most Saturdays, because painting has always been her
passion. Besides that, it gives her happiness to see that the fruits of her
20
labour help the animals in the zoo. "It's not so much the money,"
insisted the former headmistress, who revealed that all proceeds are
given to the zoo for the animals' upkeep. I have seen some of the
children jumping up and down after getting their faces painted and
that gives me the most satisfaction," she added.
25

3
Patricia never feels bored telling about the awkward moments
she has experienced. The challenges as a face-and-hand painting artist
also thrill her. Some people have slippery skin which makes it very
36

hard for the paint to stick so you have to apply thicker layers. Another
problem is hairiness which makes it impossible for any work to be
30
done," she said. "Unless they shave, there is no way the paint would
stick. One guy proposed that I do a painting on his neck which was
about the only spot that didn't have hair," she laughed.
4
Listening to her stories, one may think Patricia has never
experienced any sad moment. On the contrary, she spent the last three
35
years of her life grieving. That was when her husband, the late Jamil
Ariffin, passed away due to bone cancer. She refused to meet people
or take part in social activities. Later, she came to her senses and
realised that this was not the way to live. Being old does not mean
that you should give up an active life. Many old people lose their
40
flexibility when they are not active for a long period of time." she
added. She later joined the Malaysian Nature Society.
5
As a member of the Malaysian Nature Society, Patricia tries to
take part in as many activities as she can. She goes bird-watching,

looks out for frogs, snakes and other reptiles and follows the marine
45
group for snorkelling trips in Pulau Tioman. She also supports the
World Wildlife Fund For Nature, Recently, she went to Terengganu
and Melaka to patrol parts of the beaches which have been declared
turtle sanctuaries.
6
Patricia is asthmatic and uses an artificial hip. Despite that, she
50
is an active volunteer with the National Association of Strokes of
Malaysia. According to her, "being old helps" as the stroke patients at
the physiotherapy class she attends, feel encouraged with her around.
This golden girl who goes line dancing to keep fit has visited many
countries. In the near future, she plans to visit lndia to see the Taj
55
Mahal. "l want to see the monument of love before it crumbles." she
said.
(Adapted from Sunday Metro. December 2008)
Questions 26 30
Answer all questions. You are advised to answer them in the order set.
26 From paragraph 1, what does Patricia Zahara Ariffin do at the National Zoo?
..........................................................................................................................................
..........

[1 mark]
27 From paragraph 3,
(a) what does Patricia do with all the money she gets from her paintings?
..........................................................................................................................................
.....

[1 mark]
(b) which word has the same meaning as a strong feeling to do something?
37

..........................................................................................................................................
.........

[1 mark]
28 From paragraph 4, describe two challenges that Patricia faces as a body painter.
i) ...............................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
ii) ...............................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
29 From paragraph 6,
(a) state two activities that Patricia does with the Malaysian Nature Society members.
(i)..............................................................................................................................................

[1 mark]
(ii).............................................................................................................................................

[1 mark]
(b) why is it necessary to guard parts of the beaches of Terengganu and Melaka?
....................................................................................................................................
..............

[1 mark]
30 ln your own words, give two reasons why Patricia is considered active.
(i) ..........................................................................................................................................

[1 mark]
(ii) ..........................................................................................................................................

[1 mark]
31Based on the passage given write a summary on
why Patricia enjoys face-and-hand painting and her other activities after her husband's
death.

Your summary must use material from lines 18 - 49

Begin your summary as follows:
Patricia
enjoys

doing
face-and-hand
painting
at
the
zoo
because
painting

38

3
9

PRACTICE 4
1
Hotels in Kuala Lumpur are selling them at about RM100 a piece and

local Chinese restaurants are cashing in on them as well. It is that time of the

year again when connoisseurs and common folks in China, Hong Kong,

Singapore and Malaysia go crazy over a Shanghainese delicacy in the form

of a small, hairy-legged, green crustacean. We are talking about the seasonal

5
Hairy Crabs which are widely available in Shanghai from October to

November. You can even get them in 7-Eleven stores there!

2
So whats so great about these crabs? In ancient China, it was

regarded an elite activity to enjoy the crab delicacies, watch the blooming

chrysanthemums and compose lyrical poems. The secret lies with the roe a
10
sinfully rich and creamy orange substance that has melted the resistance of

even the most cholesterol conscious.

3
Dragon-O Restaurant which serves Shanghainese cuisine has also

jumped on the bandwagon to bring these tiny delicacies to Malaysia. To

make it more affordable, they import the crabs direct from the source Tai
15
Lake in Jiangsu Province, China. The ecology around Tai Lake is the reason

why Hairy Crabs are reared there. Tai Lakes ideal depth of two metres

allows sunlight to reach the bottom of the lake, causing seaweed, the crabs
4
food, to flourish.

According to Raymond Cheung, a Hairy Crab farm owner, wild crab

20

fries are purchased every March from local fishermen who catch them by the

kilos from the mouth of the Yangtze River. There would usually be about

160,000 fries in a kilo. These two-week-old fries are then put into a small

pond to mature. Come December when the crabs are nine months old, they

are relocated to an enclosed pen by the lake in preparation for the cold winter
25
months. During this time, the crabs will bury themselves in the mud at the

40

5
bottom of the lake to hibernate.
When they are more than a year old, the crabs are relocated again in
May to bigger pens in the middle of the lake. These are crucial months as the
food and temperature during this period determine the quality of the harvest
30
in the fourth quarter of the year. The crabs are considered mature after they
have moulted 21 times. They usually moult when the temperature drops to
20C. During this time, they are fed small fishes, corn, spirulina and garlic.
Their shells are yellow during their growing months and will turn green once they
mature.
35
Hairy crabs are best harvested in the months of October and November. They are caught with
nets placed at the bottom of the lake. The crabs are then taken to the factory for packaging and
exporting. At the factory, workers bind them so that they will not move and pack them in
styrofoam

boxes before placing them in a huge chiller for a day to hibernate. CCTVs 40 are
installed all around the factory. The government is concerned about the

quality of Chinas exports and they conduct stringent monitoring through live feed
CCTVs. The cameras also allow them to keep track on the number of crabs being
exported.
The boxes are then filled with ice before being exported to other
8
countries. Each box is individually tagged so customers can trace the source
45
if any problems arise. It takes two days for the live crabs to arrive in
Malaysia and another day to the respective restaurants. The crabs can survive

for about a week.

The Dragon-O Restaurant is offering Malaysians a taste of this
Shanghainese delicacy at a reasonable price. The owner has this to say, We
50
have always kept in mind that value for money is the way to go if we want
our customers walking out of the restaurant to come back some day soon.
Adapted from The Star, November, 2008
Questions 26 30
Answer all questions. You are advised to answer them in the order set.
26 From paragraph 1,
(a) what are being sold at about RM100 a piece?
............................

[1 mark]
which sentence tells you that Hairy Crabs are widely available in Shanghai?
...................................................................

[1 mark]
27 From paragraph 2, which is the most delicious part of the crab?
41

.................................................................

[1 mark]
28 (a) From paragraph 3, what causes seaweed to flourish in Tai Lake?
................................................................

[1 mark]
(b) From paragraph 4, which word means sleep the whole winter?
....................................................................................................................................
...............

[1 mark]
29 (a) From paragraph 5, what will influence the quality of the crabs?
................................................................

[1 mark]
(b) From paragraph 6, how does the China government show its concern about the
export of Hairy Crabs?
.............................................................

[1 mark]
(c) From paragraph 7, why is it important to tag the boxes?
....................................................................................................................................
.............

[1 mark]
30 From paragraph 8, explain in your words what the owner of the restaurant meant
when he said ...... that value for money is the way to go .....?
......
.........................................................
[2 marks]
31 Based on the passage given, write a summary of:
how Hairy Crabs are reared and how they are packed for export

Your summary must use materials from lines 20 43

Begin your summary as follows:
The
wild

crab
fries
caught
by
the
local
fishermen
are

42

4
3

2012 POEM
MODULE

44

IN THE MIDST OF HARDSHIP

STANZA
POEM
MEANINGS
1
At dawn they returned home
It had been raining the whole day and the
their soaky clothes torn
couple had been out the whole night,
and approached the stove
searching for their sons albino buffalo .
their limbs marked by scratches
They returned home soaked and bruised.
their legs full of wounds
The couple headed straight to the stove for

but on their brows

warmth and some food. Although the
there was not a sign of despair
search was unsuccessful, they never felt
sad or dejected.
2
The whole day and night just passed
The couple braved the fierce flood and
They had to brave the horrendous
searched through the dead animals and
flood
floating debris. Unfortunately, the buffalo
In the water all the time
was not found although they tried their
Between bloated carcasses
best.
And tiny chips of tree barks
Desperately looking for their sons
Albino buffalo that was never found

45

3
They were born amidst hardship
The couple accepted difficulties as part of
And grew up without a sigh or a
their lives. They had grown up in poverty
complaint
and had learnt to accept the challenges in
Now they are in the kitchen, making
life. At the end of the day, they enjoy each
Jokes while rolling their cigarette
others company, feeling neither sad nor
leaves
sorry for the lost. It was part and parcel of
life. That is what their lives are all about,
with its up and downs.

1. (REFER TO STANZA 1) a). When did they return home?

[1 mark] b).
Describe their physical appearance.
i. [ 1 mark]
ii. .. [1 mark] c). Would you
be able to accept the difficulties in life like the villagers. Give a reason for

your answer.
...................................................................................................................................
......

[2 marks]
2. (REFER TO STANZA 2)
a). What does bloated carcasses refer to?

[1 mark] b). State

two phrases in the poem that refer to the flood.
i. [1 mark]
ii. [1 mark] c). Would you
go out in the rain to look for something just like the couple in the poem?
Give a reason for your answer.

[2 marks]
3. (REFER TO STANZA 3) a). Whom do they refer to?

[1 mark] b) What did

they do in the kitchen?
46

[1 mark] c). Which

line tells you that the villagers have accepted their fate?
[1 mark] d). In your
opinion, why did they go to the kitchen as soon as they returned home?

[2 marks]
4. (REFER TO THE POEM)
a). Why were their clothes wet and torn?
[1 mark] b). State
the reason why they went out in the flood?
..[1 mark] c).
What is the meaning of the phrase born amidst hardship
[1 mark] d). In
your own words, explain the meaning of the last two lines of the poem

[2 marks]
5. (REFER TO THE POEM)
a). How long were they out looking for the lost buffalo?
[1 mark] b). State
two things that were floating in the flood water?
[1 mark]
ii. [1 mark] c). In your
opinion, were the couple sad when they failed to find the buffalo? Give a reason

for your answer.

.
[2 marks]
HE HAD SUCH QUIET EYES

STANZA
POEM
MEANINGS

47

1
He had such quiet eyes
The persona is taken up by the
She did not realise
mans quiet eyes which seems
They were two pools of lies
lonely and miserable. She feels
Layered with thinnest ice
sorry and is made to believe that
To her, those quiet eyes
she can offer him happiness that
Were breathing desolate sighs
his eyes lack. Unfortunately, she
Imploring her to be nice
is not aware that she is being
And to render him paradise
cheated.

2
If only shed been wise
Now, she regrets
not following
And had listened to the advice
the advice given by others who
Never to compromise with pleasure-seeking guys
have warned her
not to
get
Shed be free from the hows and whys
involved with men who are
smooth talkers
and
seductive.

Then, she would not have to

experience the
heartache
of
breaking up

3
Now heres a bit of advice
The poet gives a strong advice to
Be sure that nice really means nice
all the ladies. She asks them to
Then youll never be losing at dice
be sure that whoever they meet is
Though you may lose your heart once or twice
really and truly a gentleman. In
the process of finding a life
partner, one may face some
failures but in the end, you will
be a winner in the game of life
1. (REFER TO STANZA 1)
a).The phrase two pools of lies refers to
[1 mark]
b). What does the quiet eyes tell her to do?
. [1mark]
.[1 mark] c). In your
opinion, what attracted the lady to the man?
...

[2 marks]
2. (REFER TO STANZA 2)
a). What is the meaning of the phrase the hows and whys
[1 mark] b). State one
advice given to the lady.
[1 mark]
48

Do you think she should have listened to the advice? Give a reason for your answer.

..[2 marks]
(REFER TO STANZA 3)
a). What should the lady be sure of?
[1 mark] b).
Explain the line youll never be losing at dice
[1 mark] c).Do you
think the advice given in the poem would be helpful to ladies nowadays?

.
[2 marks]
(REFER TO THE POEM)
a). Whom does the pleasure-seeking guys refer to?
[1 mark] b).
State two valuable advice given in the poem.
[1 mark]
c). If you were the lady in the poem, what would you do when you realise your mistake?

[2 marks]
(REFER TO THE POEM)
a). To render him paradise means.
[1 mark]

b). State two phrases in the poem that describe the eyes.
....................................[1 mark]
ii) .......................................................................................................................[1 mark] c). In
your opinion, do you think you would fall for a person like that? Give a reason for

your answer.
.

..[2 marks]
49

NATURE
STANZA
POEM
MEANINGS
We have neither Summer nor Winter
According to the poet, Jamaicas
Neither Autumn nor Spring

weather
cannot be categorized
We have instead the days
into four seasons.
When the gold sun shines on the lush green
There are days of glorious
canefields
sunshine which helps the canes
Magnificently.
in the field to grow tall and
luxuriant.
The days when the rain beats like bullets on the
However, on wet days, the rain
roofs
pours
down heavily
and in
And there is no sound but the swish of water in
torrents. The streams and gullies
the gullies
are full of water. No other
And trees struggling in the Jamaica winds
sounds are heard as everyone is
indoors.
Strong
winds
accompany the rain, beating and
bending the sugar canes in the
field.

Also there are the days when leaves fade from

In between the hot and wet days,
50

off guango trees

nature
slows
down.
The
And the reaped canefields lie bare and fallow to
canefields are harvested and wait
the sun
for the next planting season.
Even the leaves on the trees fall
off.

But best of all there are the days when the

The best days are when . flowers
mango and the logwood blossom
bloom, filling the air with
When the bushes are full of the sound of bees
fragrance
and
vibrant colours.
and the scent of honey
The grass is green, luxuriant,
When the tall grass sways and shivers to the
covering the once bare ground.
slightest breath of air

When the buttercups have paved the earth with

yellow stars

And beauty comes suddenly and the rains have

Nature comes alive again after a
gone
healthy downpour
1. a). Which phrase indicates bright sunny days in Jamaica?
[1 mark] b). State
two things that happen during the best days in Jamaica.
.[1 mark]
...[1 mark]

c). Would you like to live in Jamaica? Give a reason for your answer.
.
[2 marks]
2 a). Give a phrase in the poem that describes heavy rain.
[1 mark] b).What
happens on a rainy day?
i. [1 mark]
ii. [1 mark] c). In your
opinion, why does beauty come suddenly after the rain has gone?

..
[2 marks]
3. a). When do the canefields lie bare?
51

[1 mark] b). Name two

weather conditions experienced in Jamaica.
[1 mark]
[1 mark] c). In your opinion, what
do the Jamaicans work as? Give a reason for your answer.

..
[2 marks]
4. a). What does yellow star refer to?
[1 mark] b). State two
words that describe the canefields.
i). [1 mark]
ii) [1 mark] c). Do you love rainy
days just like the ones experienced in Jamaica? Give a reason for

your answer.
.
[2 marks] 5. a). Name
the four seasons that some countries normally have?
[1 mark] b). What can
we smell and hear during the flowering season?
i). [1 mark]
ii). [1 mark] c). In your
own words, explain the last line of the poem.
...
[2 marks]
ARE YOU STILL PLAYING YOUR FLUTE
STANZA
POEM
MEANINGS
1
Are you still playing your flute?

The persona wonders if the

When there is hardly time for our love
person is still playing the flute.
I am feeling guilty
The persona misses and longs to
52

O longing for your song

hear the song which brings back
The melody concealed in the slim hollow of
memories
of
the peaceful,
bamboo
tranquil days of her childhood.
Uncovered by the breath of an artist

Composed by his fingers

Blown by the wind

To the depth of my heart

2
Are you still playing your flute?
The persona wonders if her
In the village so quiet and deserted
beloved is still playing
Amidst the sick rice field
the flute
when many have left
While here it has become a luxury
the village which has become a

To spend time watching the rain

polluted
and
lonely
place
Gazing at the evening rays
compared to the place where
Collecting dew drops
there is no time to enjoy beauty
Or enjoying the fragrance of flowers
of nature such as
the sunset, the
rain or the smell of blooming
flowers.

3
Are you still playing your flute?

The more it disturbs my conscience

For the third time, the persona
To be thinking of you
wonders if the person is still
In the hazard of you
playing the flute in this times of
My younger brothers unemployed and desperate
trouble. The persona feels guilty
My people disunited by politics
thinking of the flutist when there
My friend slaughtered mercilessly
is much sadness around her like

This world is too old and bleeding

unemployment,
political
unrest
and unnecessary killings
(REFER TO STANZA 1)
a). Name the musical instrument mentioned in the stanza.
[1 mark] b). What
does the poet long for?
[1 mark] c). How
does the music reach the poets heart?
... [1 mark] d). Do you
enjoy listening to a flute? Give a reason for your answer.

[2 marks]
(REFER TO STANZA 2) a). Describe the village.

[1 mark] b). State

two things that the poet does not have the time to do.
53

[1 mark]
[1 mark] c).
Would you help a person who has a hard life? How?
..

[2 marks]
3 (REFER TO STANZA 3)
a). What disturbs the poets conscience?
[1 mark] b).
State two problems faced by the country.
i. [1 mark]
ii. [1 mark] c). What
do you do when you face a problem? Give a reason for your answer.

.
[2 marks]

(REFER TO THE POEM)

a). What happened to the rice fields?
........[1 mark] b).
What is being blown in the wind?
[1 mark] c).
Which phrase refers to the lovely smell in the air?
[1 mark] d). In
your own words, describe the last line of the poem.
.
[2 marks]
5. (REFER TO THE POEM) a). What is the flute made of?

[1 mark] b).

What happened to the poets brothers and friends?

54

.[1 mark]
[1 mark] c).
Do you think war is necessary? Give a reason for your answer.

[2 marks]

2013
THE CURSE MODULE

CHAPTERS SYNOPSIS
CHAPTER 1 - The news of the death of Madhuri.
Azreen Salleh hurriedly left her studies in London, England to return home to
Malaysia after receiving news about her sisters death. She was unwilling to

leave as there was an exam. She was hoping not to bump into her
coursemate, Julian Ng, but she did anyway. Julian Ng tries to offer his
sympathy and condolence but she was not in the mood to talk about the
matter. She left in a hurry.

CHAPTER 1
What was Azreen Saleh doing in London?
Why was she asked to go home?
Who is Julian Ng and what kind of a person was he?
Why did Azreen try to avoid Julian?
How did Azreen feel about going home to Malaysia?
What were Azreens feelings as she was leaving her college?
56

CHAPTER 2 - Flashback of Azreens early days with Madhuri.

Azreen was on her flight back to Malaysia. She cringed at the thought of going
back home. Flashbacks of her early days with her late sister, Madhuri, and how
Madhuri was well-liked by people came back. She hated her sister because she
was always compared to her. Everyone thought Madhuri was the better sister
prettier, polite and soft-spoken while she was obstinate, the total opposite of her.
She especially hated the fact that she could never be like her. However, she was
fond of her and there were happy memories with her sister like cycling together
and picking fruits from the neighbours plantation.

CHAPTER 2
What was the age difference between Azreen and Madhuri?
In your own words, describe Azreens sister?
Give two differences between Azreen and Madhuri.
Name some of the activities that both of them used to do together when they were
young.
Why did Azreen despise Madhuri?
Describe those happy days that Azreen recalled?
CHAPTER 3 - Azreens arrival & rumours about the death of Madhuri.
Back home, on an island south of Langkawi Island, there was a rumour spreading
that Madhuri was dead by murder. This rumour was spread by Puan Normala and
it caused unrest among the villagers. According to her, Madhuri was murdered
and she bled white blood and Puan Normala believed that the whole village was
cursed. Meanwhile, Azreen arrived and was greeted by her aunt and uncle, Datin
Sharifah and Datuk Zulkifli at the airport in Pulau Langkawi. They were trying
their best not to talk about Madhuris death.

CHAPTER 3
Why was Pn. Kamisah irritated?
What news was Noor spreading in class?
What gossip was Pn. Normala passing around?
Why did Pn. Normala say they were cursed?
Who are Datin Sharifah and Datuk Zulkifli?
Why did Datin Sharifah warn Datuk Zulkifli not to talk about Madhuris death?
CHAPTER 4 - Madhuris Funeral.
At her house, mourners gathered at Azreens house to pay their last respects to
Madhuri before burial. The women folk gossiped among themselves that Madhuri

was murdered and she had put a curse on everyone on the island. Azreen
arrived late to pay her last respects to her late sister. However, she returned
home, only to be gossiped and judged by her nosy neighbours. In her house with
Datin Sharifah, she begged her to tell what actually happened to her sister. Datin
Sharifah could only tell her that her sister was found at the rubber
plantation. Azreens father kept her from the fact of how she died. Azreen believed her father

57
did that to spite her.

Azreen met her mother whose dementia worsened. She had no idea of Madhuris
passing. Azreen was about to bring her mother to the funeral, but was ordered to
go back home by her father, Saleh Abdullah. He didnt want his wife to know
about the death of Madhuri. Azreen

CHAPTER 4
How did Siti know Madhuri?
Why did Pn Normala consider Azreen rude?
When did Azreen first meet Datin Sharifah and Datuk Zulkifli? What was their
relationship?
Where was Madhuris body found?
Give two reasons why Azreen was angry with her father.
Why did Sitis parents forbid her from being friends with Azreen?
Did Azreens mother recognise her when Azreen spoke to her? Why?
Why wasnt Azreens mother informed of her daughters death?
In your opinion, why was Azreens father angry at her for bringing her mother to the
graveyard?
Who is Haji Ghani?
Name two things about Madhuri that was remembered fondly by Haji Ghani?
Who is Asraf and what does he work as?
Where did Azreen first meet Asraf?
Describe Asraf during his school days?
During her school days, Azreen felt that everybody hated her? Why did she feel that
way?
Who is Haji Ghanis first wife?

Why did Pn. Fatihah hate Madhuri?

How did she show her hatred towards Madhuri?
CHAPTER 5 - The meeting with Mohd Asraf and Awang, (the Bomoh) and
Encik Mohans farm fiasco.
Azreen went to the market and bumped into Asraf. She enquired about
Madhuris death but was only given vague details of the incident. Normala, the
rumour monger, spread rumours about what had happened to Madhuri. Awang,
the bomoh, made an appearance as he dreamt that a disaster was about to hit
the village soon. Awang recalled the incident when he stole a chicken at Encik
Mohans farm causing a bull to escape. Asraf was blamed for the
fiasco but Azreen bravely took the blame on his behalf. Outside, Saleh was busy chopping

58
wood when he heard something or someone crying in the bushes. He went to
pounce on it but there was nothing. Azreen went to visit the Old Lady, a villager
who was cast out from her village, to catch up on old times. The villagers
thought her evil and a witch, but Azreen thought otherwise. In fact, she got along
just fine with her. She also begged the Old Lady to tell her what had exactly
happened, and finally it was the Old Lady who revealed to her that

CHAPTER 5
Describe the house that she visited in the jungle.
Whom did she meet at the market?
According to Asraf, what had happened to Madhuri?
Describe the recollection that Azreens mother had when she saw Azreen cooking
the meal.
According to Azreens mother, who was in danger?
Describe Awang, the village bomoh.
Whom did Awang see on his way home?
According to Awang, who actually left the gates of the farm open and who was
blamed for it?
Why do you think Azreen told the farm owner that it was she who left the gate open?

Why were the villagers afraid of the Old Lady?

Based on Azreens recollection, describe Azreens first meeting with the Old Lady?
What did Azreen do to win the Old Ladys heart?
According to the Old Lady, what had happened to Madhuri?

CHAPTER 6 - The murder cover up. Puan Fatihahs recollection of her

husbands infatuation with Madhuri and the incident that had caused
Azreens mother to become paralysed.
Awang the bomoh believed something terrible was going to fall upon his
village. He had seen a Pontianak which looked like Madhuri. He suspected
Madhuri had turned into one. The Old Lady related to Azreen that Madhuri was
attacked with a knife. There was no investigation though, as she thought it
would be better for the village since an investigation would reveal more
secrets.

Puan Fatihah reminisced about the time when Haji Ghani married Madhuri. He
fell in love with her beautiful voice, and Puan Fatihahs life changed ever
since. She had lost everything. But now that Madhuri was no longer present,
she wanted her old life back. Azreen found Madhuris photographs torn into
pieces. Before she could think who would do it, her father chased her out of
the room. Azreen started to reminisce on all the things that happened way
back. Azreen reminisced during the time when she took the blame for Asrafs
carelessness
while working at Encik Mohans. She claimed that she was the one who left the gate open,

59
thus the missing bull. However, her parents were riding on a motorbike when
they hit the bull. Her mothers legs were paralysed since then. Still, she
remained loyal to Asraf and took the blame, even though she was badly
beaten by her father. Azreen went to seek comfort at the Old Ladys, and she
revealed to her why she was cast out. She murdered her husband because
she was abused and unhappy in her marriage. A year later, Azreen received a
scholarship to

CHAPTER 6
Why did the Old Lady suspect Madhuri was murdered?
Whom did the Old Lady accuse of covering up Madhuris death?
Where did Haji Ghani first see Madhuri? What captivated him?
When Azreen entered the room, she saw a picture of her sister and began to recall
her childhood. Based on the above childhood incident, describe
Azreens character
Madhuris character
their fathers character
How did Madhuris mother lose the use of her leg?
Why did Azreen feel it was her fault that her mother was involved in the accident?

Where did Madhuri meet Asraf for the first time?

Why was the Old Lady treated as an outcast by the villagers?
What letter did Azreen receive?
What programme did Azreen join? Where did she go and what was the effect on her?

Who helped finance her studies in London?

CHAPTER 7 - Mohd Asraf struggles with Neks deteriorating health. The

discovery of Madhuris letter.
Asraf was worried about Nek, his grandmother. Her fever was getting worse. Haji
Ghani was mourning for Madhuri at her tombstone. Suddenly, he saw a woman

who looked like Madhuri in a flowing white dress but she ran away.
Azreen was reprimanded by her father for being careless when latching up the
chicken coop. There was a dead chicken with a broken neck right outside the
coop. Azreen was shocked and wondered how the chicken could break its neck.
When she was about to clean up the mess, the carcass was gone. One day, when
Azreen was checking her mail, she saw a letter from Julian. Enclosed in the letter
was a letter from Madhuri which was sent before she died. According to her
letter, there was a secret that she wanted to share with Madhuri.
Siti was stopped by Puan Normala with more gossips on how the bad weather
was one of the signs of the curse, the spotting of a Pontianak and the argument
between Haji Ghani and
Puan Fatihah.
60
Then, Azreen read Madhuris letter of her marriage and relationship with Kak Fatihah
(Haji
Ghanis first wife). The letter also hinted that Madhuri had a secret to be revealed to
Azreen when she returned home for her holidays.

CHAPTER 7
Why was Asraf worried about his grandmother?
Whom did he see at his wifes grave?
Describe Azreens relationship with her father.
What did Azreen find outside the chicken coop?
Why did Asraf feel that black magic was present in the village?
What was the content of Julians letter?
Based on Madhuris letter to Azreen, state two things that you learnt about Madhuri?

List the three reasons given by Pn Normala on why she believed the village was
cursed?
What were Haji Ghani and his wife fighting about?
Who was Asraf fighting with? Why were they fighting?
What were Azreens feelings towards Asraf?

CHAPTER 8 - The death of Azreens mother. Mohd Asrafs visit to the

Old Ladys house.
Azreens mother passed away peacefully. She mourned her dead mother and
sister in her sisters room. Suddenly, she saw someone outside the window.

She went outside the house and called out to that person but it was in vain. At
the same moment, she smelt smoke coming from Madhuris room.
Fortunately, her father appeared in time to put out the fire.
Puan Fatihah was about to go see the village witchdoctor for a charm for Haji
Ghani when suddenly she saw someone looking like Madhuri reaching out to
her. She passed out as soon as the woman touched her.
Saleh Abdullah found a yellow cord where part of the house was burned. He
charged straightaway to Awangs house to have a word with him. Azreen went
to the Old Ladys house for comfort.
Asrafs grandmothers condition was getting worse. When he ran out of
options, he sought out the Old Lady. He begged the Old Lady to go see his
grandmother.
61
The Old Lady hesitated at first but after much persuasion from Azreen and
Mohd. Asraf, she finally agreed to go over to Mohd Asraf s house to help his
grandmother.

CHAPTER 8
Based on the basket incident, what can you conclude about Azreens sister and her
mother?
Why did Azreen run out of the house?
What happened to the house?
In your opinion, why do you think Pn Fatihah wanted to visit the bomoh?
Asraf wanted to send his grandmother to the hospital in the mainland but he couldnt
do so. Why?
Who is Saleh Abdullah and why was he angry at Bomoh Awang?
What did the Old Lady witness as she was in the jungle, collecting herbs and roots?

Why did Asraf go to the market on that rainy day?

What happened to the crops in the village?
What did the Old Lady advise Azreen about life?
How did the Old Lady treat Asraf who came for her help?
After much persuasion, Azreen finally convinced the Old Lady to go to Asrafs house.

How did Azreen persuade her?

Why was the Old Lady reluctant to go?

CHAPTER 9 - The mob at Mohd Asrafs house. Neks health recovery.

Siti kept an eye on Mohd. Asrafs grandmother (Nek) while he went out to get her
medicine. He finally came back with the Old Lady. The Old Lady examined
Asrafs grandmother and went out to get herbs for her. Pn. Kamsiah and Normala
were curious at the Old Ladys presence at Mohd. Asrafs house. They planned to

get rid of her. The Old Lady made a mixture of herbs and gave it to Asrafs
grandmother. The condition of Asrafs grandmother improved, to the delight of
the Old Lady, .
Azreen was puzzled to discover a university prospectus that revealed Mohd.
Asrafs intention to pursue his studies in Kuala Lumpur. When Azreen returned
home, she saw the bomoh scampering behind the bushes. He came to tell her
that there was a big crowd on the way to Asrafs house.
Azreen hurriedly went to Asrafs house and saw the angry crowd headed by Puan
Normala. Normala blamed Azreen for bringing the Old Lady to Mohd. Asrafs house
and causing heavy
downpour to hit the village. An argument started and Azreens father intervened to stop the

62
commotion. Azreen then made her way to Asrafs house and was told that Nek
was beginning to recover. They thanked the Old Lady for bravely coming over to
cure Nek and the rain finally stopped.

CHAPTER 9
Describe the Old Lady from Sitis point of view.
Why was Pn Kamsiah worried about Siti when she saw the Old Lady entering Asrafs
house?
What were the reasons given by Pn Normala for chasing the Old Lady away?
What did the Old Lady do to help Asrafs grandmother?
In your opinion, why do you think Pn Fatihah cooked a delicious breakfast for her
husband?
What happened at Asrafs house when Nek passed away? Why were the villagers
gathering in front of Asrafs house?
Why were the villagers angry with Azreen? Who broke up the crowd?\
What was Saleh Abdullahs opinion of his daughter?

CHAPTER 10 - The death of Nek. Mohd Asrafs confession about his

affair.
The disclosure of Madhuris secret by Awang.
Azreen awakened to a flurry of knocks on her door. She found out that Nek had
passed away suddenly. Asrafs neighbours convinced him that the Old Lady had
poisoned her. Fuelled with anger and loss, Asraf and the mob of people went over to
the Old Ladys with torches for revenge. Azreen tried to stop him and in a struggle,
his torch fell and it set the house on fire. Azreen ran inside to try to save the Old
Lady but found her trapped under a pillar. Barely alive, she advised Azreen to learn
to forgive before it was too late. Azreens father saved her before the whole house

collapsed. Asraf came to apologise to Azreen. He was distraught about his

grandmother and Madhuris death. He confessed to Azreen that he loved Madhuri
and they were planning to run away together when he was offered a teaching course
in Kuala Lumpur. Madhuri wanted to confess to her husband, parents and Azreen
about her affair with Mohd. Asraf. However, Madhuri was found dead at a rubber
plantation. Azreen couldnt stomach the
revelation so she ran to a cliff. Then she decided to go to the rubber estate where her
sister
63

had died. Azreen then met Awang, the bomoh, who told her that Madhuri was
not her real sister. He informed her that Madhuris birth mother had gone mad
when her husband left her. Madhuri was left in the paddy field for hours when
her mother was looking for scraps. Thats when Saleh found Madhuri, took her
home and raised her as his own. Her mother left the village, but came back after
Madhuris death. Awang warned her that Madhuris mother was

CHAPTER 10
Why did Siti go to Azreens house in the middle of the night?
Did the villagers enter the Old Ladys house? Give reasons for your answer.
Why do you think Asraf dared to go nearer, compared to the other villagers?

Describe what Azreen did to stop Asraf from hurting the Old Lady.
How did the Old Lady die?
Who pulled Azreen out of the burning house?
Why do you think Asraf decided to attack the Old Lady?
Based on Asrafs confession, describe the relationship between Asraf and Madhuri.

Give two reasons why Asraf wanted to move to Kuala Lumpur.

Describe what Azreen saw and whom she met at the plantation.
What was the shocking news she heard from Awang?
Where did Saleh find the baby whom he named Madhuri?
What happened to Madhuris biological parents?

Why was Awang indebted to Azreen?

Name two things that Awang did to help and protect Azreen.
In Awangs opinion, why did Haji Ghani cover up his wifes death?
CHAPTER 11 - The truth behind Madhuris death. The death of Saleh.
Azreen was on her way back home when she heard footsteps following her
behind. She saw a shadow of the woman whom Awang said was Madhuris
mother. She pointed at something near the woodpile. At the same moment, Saleh
appeared. Azreen and her father walked towards the woodpile and saw a
parang that Saleh used to chop wood. Madhuris mother was actually pointing
at the parang There was some white and sticky stain at the edge of the parang.
Azreen immediately recalled Normalas words She had white blood and she stared at
her father in disbelief. The white blood that the neighbours claimed to see was
actually latex that spilt on Madhuri when she was killed64 . Azreen then realised
that it was her father who had killed Madhuri. Saleh recalled how fond he was of
Madhuri and how he had found her as a baby at the paddy field. He stumbled
upon Madhuri and Mohd Asraf together at the rubber plantation. In his fury, he
killed Madhuri and her body knocked over the latex-filled container. Upon hearing
this revelation, Azreen ran away from her father. Saleh realised he had lost both
his daughters. Suddenly, he saw Madhuris mother coming towards him with

CHAPTER 11
What was Azreens reaction when she learnt about Madhuri background?
Whom did Azreen see standing outside her house?
What was the woman pointing at?
Describe the parang found behind the woodpile and describe the substance found
on it.
What came to Azreens mind when she saw the white sap?
Describe what he saw when he entered the plantation?
Did Saleh kill his daughter on purpose? Give reasons for you answer.
What was Azreens reaction after realising that her father was a murderer?
Describe what happened to Saleh after Azreen left the place?
CHAPTER 12 - Azreens final respect at the burial site.
Azreen Azreen visited her family members graves. She put a flower on each
grave and left quietly. She left a flower at the hillside where the Old Lady was
buried, too. As Azreen was leaving, she saw a figure whose smile resembled
Madhuris.

CHAPTER 12
What happened to Azreen after the death of her father?

Why do you think the woman smiled at Azreen?

What happened to Asraf at the end of the novel?
**********************************************************************
NOVEL: MARKING SCHEME
MARKING METHOD
For this question, marks are awarded as follows ;
Content
10 marks
Language
5 marks
Total
15 marks
Read the script and decide which band it fits well. If the script fits all or nearly all the
descriptors given in the band, the answer should be on the top of the band.
Next, evaluate the quality of writing using the Language band.
No answer will fit perfectly thus examiners must judge which fits the best.
65

Content and Language Descriptors

MARK
CONTENT
MARK
LANGUAGE
RANGE

RANGE

a consistently relevant and

accurate

very well-

convincing response to the task

organised
10 9
almost always provides textual
5

evidence with details and well-

developed

a relevant response to the task

largely

accurate
8-7
usually provides textual evidence
4

well-organised

(some development)

frequent errors

an intermittently relevant response

but meaning is
6-5
to the task
3
never in doubt

provides some textual evidence

fairly

organized

a response of very little relevance

some blurring

in meaning
4-3
of task
2
poorly

hardly any textual evidence

organised

shows barely any understanding of

makes little or

no sense at all

the requirement(s) of the task

2-1

1
lacks

response has no relevance to the

organisation

task

SAMPLE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

* Notes: The highlighted and underlined words are content points.
*ADVICE / SUGGESTIONS:
In order to answer novel question, candidates are encouraged to have the following
in their answer.
Opening
Three main content points that are supported by explanations and textual evidence
from the novel.
Closure / Conclusion
SPM 2011 ( NOVEL )
Which part of the story do you like most?
Give reasons for your choice with close reference from the text.
66

The novel the Curse is written by Lee Su Ann. The part of the story that I like the
most is its climax.
In this novel, the climax of the story is the death of the Old Lady. The villagers
confronted the Old Lady and blamed the Old Lady for the death of Nek, Mohd Asrafs
grandmother. Asraf took part in the attack of the Old Ladys house with the villagers. When
Azreen heard that the villagers were confronting the Old Lady, Azreen quickly went to the
forest where the Old Lady lived. She saw the villagers and Asraf were there and Azreen
asked him what had happened. Asraf told her that the Old Lady had killed his grandmother;
therefore he wanted to seek revenge for Neks death. He wanted to kill her. Azreen tried to
stop Asraf but unfortunately the torch that was held by Asraf dropped and rolled towards the
Old Ladys house. The house began to burn. Azreen rushed into the house to save the Old
Lady but the old Lady was trapped underneath a fallen pillar. Before she died, she advised
Azreen to learn to forgive the others.

The reason why I like this part the most is because I love the courage shown by
Azreen. It was shown when Azreen asked Asraf the reason why he was confronting the
Old Lady. She also bravely entered the burning house to save the old Lady even though
she failed to do so. From the value of the courage shown by Azreen, I do not think that
anyone could be like her. If she did not have courage, she would not be able to stop
Asraf and Asraf would become a murderer and she would not enter the burning house.
Azreen was also advised by the old Lady to learn to forgive others.
Another reason I love this part is because if the Old Lady had not died in the burning
incident, the mystery surrounding the problems that happened in the novel could not
be solved. With the death of the Old Lady. Azreen learnt that Mohd Asraf had a secret
relationship or affair with Madhuri and they planned to elope to Kuala Lumpur where he
would be taking a teaching course there. She also learnt that Madhuri was not her real
sister. And ultimately, she found out that Madhuri was killed by her own father although it
happened accidentally. If the incident in the climax did not occur, Azreen would not be
able to know the secrets that were being kept or hidden.
Apart from that, I also learnt many lessons from that part. One of the lessons is to forgive.
In this novel, Azreen learnt to forgive other people when the Old Lady advised her before her
death in the fire. Due to that, Azreen learnt to forgive Mohd Asraf for the burning of the Old
Ladys house that took away her life and for having a secret affair with Madhuri behind Haji
Ghani. She learnt to forgive her father for the death of her sister, Madhuri. She also learnt to
forgive Awang the bomoh who was the actual culprit in causing the accident that had
paralyzed her mother. In my opinion, if the death of the Old Lady had not occurred, Azreen
would not have learnt to forgive other people.

In conclusion, there are many interesting reasons that made me choose the climax
as the part in the novel that I like most. As we can see the problems faced by the
villagers and Azreen were solved. From the climax too, I learnt many valuable
lessons that can be practiced in daily life. That is why I like this part.
C - 10
NOTES AND QUESTIONS ACCORDING TO TOPICS:
CHARACTER TRAITS

1. Azreen
67

The main character of the novel who studied in England. She was happy to be away
from her village because she did not have good relationship with her parents
especially her father due to her defiant behaviour and tomboyish outlook.
She was an outspoken and independent girl and was envious of her adopted sister,
Madhuri. She was a helpful friend especially when she claimed responsibility for letting the
bull run loose in order to save Mohd. Asrafs skin. She was caring for her sick mother and
Old Lady and also intelligent as she managed to further her studies in the United Kingdom.

2. Madhuri
She was a beautiful and polite lady and a submissive wife and daughter. She was religious
and good at reciting Quranic verses. She was more conservative compared to her sister,
Azreen. When they were young, Madhuri was protective of her sister. She was a polite and
caring daughter and was deeply concerned about her sick mother.

3. Mohd. Asraf
He was a dedicated and popular teacher in a local school on the island. He had been
independent since young. He became good friends with Azreen when they were in school.
Mohd Asraf was a caring grandson who was concerned about his grandmothers well-being.
He loved Madhuri and wanted to take her with him to Kuala Lumpur.

4. Old Lady
An educated woman as she had knowledge of herbal medicine to treat illnesses. Her
house was always neat and situated by the hillside. She was a caring and concerned
woman as she took Azreen in and gave her food and shelter whenever she had
fights and problems. She was also a resourceful person and a good cook and her
recipes and secret ingredients were very much sought after.
5. Saleh Abdullah
He was Madhuris and Azreens father who was active and strong for his age. Pak
Saleh was a stern father to Azreen since when she was young. He was not on good
terms with Azreen since the motorcycle accident which paralysed Azreens mother.
He was a manipulative father who made Madhuri become Haji Ghanis second wife
in order to protect his personal interests. Pak Saleh was an egoistic person who
could not accept Madhuris love affair with Mohd. Asraf and in the end accidentally
killed Madhuri in a fit of anger at the rubber plantation.
6. Haji Ghani
He was the village headman who fell for Madhuri and took her as his second wife.
He neglected his first wife, Fatihah in the process. Being an influential man on the
island he hid the cause of his wifes death in order to protect his reputation. He knew
of Madhuris affair with Mohd. Asraf. He was obsessed with Madhuri and could not
forget her even after her death.
7. Siti

She was an obedient daughter of Pn. Kamsiah and helped Mohd. Asraf to look after his
grandmother while he looked for some medicinal plants. She was also a responsible girl as she
warned Azreen about the mob led by Mohd. Asraf to the Old Ladys house. She was

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gullible as she liked to ponder over the gossips and rumours told by Normala, the
village gossip.
8. Puan Normala
She was the rumour monger of the village and her topic of interest was on Madhuri
and how she died. She was sneaky and malicious when she coaxed Mohd. Asraf to
confront the Old Lady, accusing her as the reason why his grandmothers health
deteriorated and she finally died. She was also superstitious when she blamed the
Old Ladys visit to Mohd. Asrafs house as the reason for the continuous rain.
9. Datin Sharifah and Datuk Zulkifli
Azreens rich foster parents whom she stayed with during a two-month foster programme in
Penang. Datuk and Datin helped her financially in her studies in the UK. Even though she
only stayed with them for a short period of time, she still maintained a good relationship with
them. Even though they were her foster parents, they treated Azreen as their own child.
Azreen called her Mak Cik which signified their close relationship.

10. Bomoh
The Bomoh was the person whom the villagers sought for traditional cure. It was through the
Bomoh that the mysterious happenings that took place in the village were uncovered. The
truth behind the death of Madhuri and her adoption were also finally revealed by him.

11. Fatihah
She was Haji Ghanis first wife and pretended to adore Madhuri. However, she secretly held
grudges against her husbands young wife. She felt that her husband favoured the young wife
more than herself. She tried her best to win her husbands heart after the death of Madhuri.

QUESTIONSONCHARACTERISATION
CHARACTERS
Based on the novel you have read, write about one character that you admire.
Support your answer with close reference from the text.
SKELETON OF IDEAS
Content points:
the protagonist , Azreen

studied in London
returned to Malaysia because of her sisters death
smart and educated
>won a scholarship to further study
a student exchange programme
true and loyal friend
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took the blame for Asraf when he was accused for the escaped bull incident
stood up for the old Lady from the mob
very vocal, brave and courageous
spoke up against Pn Normala
risked her life to save the Old Lady from fire
confronted Asraf when the Old Lady died
confronted her father for the truth of Madhuris death
intelligent , sharp and observant
put missing bits to solve her sisters death
discovered latex-stained parang
identified the ghostly appearance of a woman
SAMPLE ANSWER:
WHICH CHARACTER DO YOU LIKE THE MOST?
The Curse is a novel with many mysterious events. As for me, the character that I
admire most is of course, the pretty and charming Madhuri.
Madhuri is Azreens elder sister and she is about 24 years old. Madhuri is liked by
everyone in the village and also by her parents because she was very filial and
obedient. As a good and obedient daughter, she helped her parents in household
chores. Madhuri used to cook chicken porridge for her mother and fed her. Besides, she
had never gone against her fathers wish when she married the man that her father
chose for her. She was married to Haji Ghani who was the village headman as his
second wife. Even though she knew that Haji Ghani was married, she just obeyed her
fathers wishes and married him. The sense of obedience in Madhuris character really
attracted me and I learnt to love my parents more after reading this novel.
The second reason why I admire Madhuri is because she was very pretty and
charming. She was introduced to the readers when Azreen recalled her sisters beauty
during her journey back to Malaysia from London. Madhuri was featured in many photos
and in school concerts when she took the role of the beautiful Puteri Gunung Ledang.
Madhuri was very graceful and elegant in her costume during the concert. Azreen
herself admired her sisters beauty when she took part in the concert. All these prove
that Madhuri was a very beautiful and elegant daughter and I too admire her for that.
The third and final reason why I admire Madhuris character is because she was a kind and
thoughtful person. She was very kind to Fatihah, Haji Ghanis first wife when she wrote about
her to Azreen. She even praised Fatihah and called her Kak because she looked up to her as an

elder sister. Each time when her father, Encik Saleh, scolded or caned Azreen, Madhuri took it in
a positive way that is, her father trying to educate her younger sister. I feel that Madhuri is always
thinking positively to each and every incident that happens around her. This is what inspires me
that is to think positively in my life in order to achieve success.

Above are all the reasons why I admire Madhuri, the most beautiful lady in this novel.
I wish I could be like her and be an obedient daughter to my parents.
SAMPLE ANSWER:
WRITE ABOUT A CHARACTER THAT SHOWS RESPONSIBILITY IN HER OR HIS
ACTIONS

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Based on the Novel The Curse by Lee Sue Ann, the character that shows
responsibility in her actions is Azreen Saleh. Azreen is not only a responsible sister
and daughter but also a responsible student and friend .
Firstly, Azreen as a responsible sister returns to her hometown immediately when she
hears of her sisters death although at that time she is about to sit for an important
examination. She postpones her examination in order to give her sister the last respect.

Secondly, as a daughter she shows her responsibility, firstly, when she spent the
whole night trying to repair her mothers favourite rattan basket that was broken by
the heavy durians that she and Madhuri had brought in. Subsequently, with Madhuris
help she made a new rattan basket that looked like the one that she and Madhuri had
broken. In addition to that, Azreen accepts the offer to further her studies in London
for the sake of upgrading her family social status.

Thirdly, as a friend and a student, Azreen shows her responsibility when she agreed
to join the school hockey team as a substitution to Hock Seng who was injured.
She did that even though she knew that she would be the only girl in the team. In fact
she played very well and almost scored a goal. In addition to that, Azreen shows that
she is a responsible friend, when she brought a basket of fresh vegetables and
tomatoes to the Old Lady of the forest to replace the ones that she had trampled
earlier when she came to the Old Ladys house for the first time.
In conclusion, throughout the story, Azreen shows that she is very responsible
towards her actions. In fact, I would like to have her as a friend because such a
friend is hard to come by.
SAMPLE ANSWER:
WRITE ABOUT A CHARACTER THAT SHOWS GOOD EXAMPLES
In the Curse by Lee Sue Ann, the character whom I think is exemplary is the Old Lady
of the forest. Throughout the novel, she shows strength of character and wisdom.

When she first moved to the village as a newlywed, she was popular among the
villagers and she enjoyed a blissful marital life. Everything changed as her
husband who became an alcoholic started to physically abuse her and finally she
retaliated and killed him. From then on, the villagers treated her like an outcast.
She was forced to move out of the village and made an abandoned house her home.
She lived alone for years until she befriended Azreen and became her mentor
and would console her whenever she fought with her parents.
When Asraf approached the Old Lady for help, she was hesitant about going back to
the village. Yet she agreed and did so, putting her life at risk. When she was trapped
in the burning house, she told Azreen to save herself and she perished in the fire. Even
at deaths door, she reminded Azreen about the importance of forgiveness and told her
to heed all the advice she had given her. The Old Lady is therefore an exemplary
character as she is strong, wise and honourable.

SAMPLE ANSWER:

WRITE ABOUT A CHARACTER THAT YOU DISLIKE / MOST ANNOYING IN THE

NOVEL. SUPPORT YOUR ANSWER WITH TEXTUAL EVIDENCE.
The character that I dislike in the novel is Puan Normala, the gossip monger of the
village. She likes to gossip and her biggest gossip in the novel was how Madhuri had died.
71

She finds it fitting as if it is a joyous occasion. Many people in the village despise her
as shown by some of the characters in the novel.
Siti and her mother Pn Kamsiah called her a slimy cobra with a three forked tonguebecause
she was spreading poisonous and malicious lies about many things. She also created a
scandal when she claimed that Madhuri was murdered and spilt white blood.

Datin Sharifah also finds her annoying. She called Pn Normala a rotten durian. This
happened when Pn Normala literally jumped in front of Datin Sharifah and her
husband and growled like a rabid dog telling them to go home and save themselves
because everyone had been cursed.
I also find her annoying as she influenced the villagers with the fear of unknown
and her superstitious. She organised a mob to get rid of the Old Lady as she said
that the Old Lady was a witch and brought bad luck to the village. Her action led to
the death of the Old Lady when Asraf accidentally burned the Old Ladys house when
he sought revenge for his grandmothers death.
****************************************************************
THEMES
These are some of the themes found in the novel:
(WITH EVIDENCE AND REFERENCE FROM THE TEXT)
LOVE
The message of love is reiterated throughout the story.
Parental Love:
Both Saleh Abdullah and his wife love Madhuri dearly like their own biological child.
Azreens inner conflict to garner her fathers love and affection. She always perceives the
father as having greater love towards her sister, Madhuri.

Forbidden Love:
Mohd. Asraf and Madhuri secretly love each other that eventually led to Madhuris
death.
Unrequited Love:
Azreen had a crush on Mohd. Asraf during school days. While Asraf looked upon her
as a good friend.
FORGIVENESS
Before the Old Lady drew her last breath, she advised Azreen to forgive others.
When Azreen discoverered that it was her father who had murdered Madhuri, she felt
no anger or resentment towards him.
VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN

The story portrays how some men believe women to be the weaker sex and they are
violent towards them. For instance, the Old Ladys husband was abusive towards her
and repetitively abused her. He hit and kicked her.
GENDER STEREOTYPING
Through the novel, gender stereotyping is portrayed through how females should behave. This
could be seen especially through Azreen. For example, Azreens school friends started to cast
suspicious eyes towards her when she behaved unlady-like.

72

She played hockey with the boys and even laughs like a bunch of hyenas with
them. To them, as a woman, Azreen should not be tomboyish and hang out with the
boys.
BELIEF IN THE SUPERNATURAL
The villagers seem to believe in supernatural. For example, many villagers caledl
upon Awang, the village shaman to avert disasters. In another instance, Puan
Normala tried to convince the villagers that the village was cursed since Madhuris
blood was white.
FEAR OF THE UNKNOWN
The villagers were puzzled about how Madhuri died. However, no one actually
investigated the incident which was covered up well by Haji Ghani and his followers.
In another instance, the villagers assumed that the Old Lady was an evil witch that
could turn anyone into squirrels or rats. Due to this assumption, the Old Lady was
outcast.
FRAMEWORK / SKELETON IDEAS AND SAMPLE ANSWER ON THEMES
THEME:
WRITE ON THE THEME OF LOVE BASED ON THE NOVEL YOU HAVE READ
The Curse written by Lee Su Ann touches on many aspects of life. Basically, all the
aspects revolve around our own community and can be used as guidance in our life.
In this essay, I am going to write about the theme of love which is actually the main
conflict in this whole novel. Firstly, we can see this theme between mother and
child when we read how loving Azreen was towards her mother when she came
back from London. She realized her mother still did not know about the death of her
sister, Madhuri. Azreen took over the duty to take care of her mother who was
suffering from Alzheimers disease. Azreen cooked porridge for her mother like
Madhuri used to do and fed her. This shows that Azreen loves her mother very much
and feels responsible to take care of her after her sisters death.
The concept of love can also be seen through Encik Saleh who loves his daughters
very much but does not know how to show it. He kept his love within him and was
always looking fierce and angry towards his daughters and wife. He loved his family
very much and that is why he worked hard on the farm. He also repaired chicken coop,
mended fence and roofs and chopped wood in order to earn a living for his family. As a
hard-working man, he wanted to give his family the best out of him due to his love
towards them. Here, I admit that I admire Encik Saleh as a loving father towards his
family but he should have shown his love in a more appropriate way.
Lastly, the concept of love can be seen in the characters of the Old Lady and Azreen. Azreen
was very lucky to find a meaningful and comfortable relationship with the Old Lady of the forest.
She was very close to the Old Lady until she told her all her secrets. She always went and visited
the Old Lady whenever she felt bored, angry or happy. This shows that Azreen really loves the
Old Lady and does not give a single thought to what the villagers say about the Old Lady.

Azreens love towards the Old Lady was very strong until she was willing to go into the
burning house in order to save the Old Lady. But, faith

73

won. The Old Lady died in the fire while Azreen was saved by her father due to his
love towards his daughter.
As we can see, the concept of love is very strong throughout the novel. Each and
every character in this novel has the desire to love and to be loved.
Skeleton of Ideas
Content points:
1. There are 3 types of love
Love between family members
Love between friends
Love triangle
Elaboration:
a. Love between family members
Fathers love- Salleh rescued Azreen a few times from two incidents of fire from a
fight with Puan Normala
Mothers love- Azreens mother did not scold her for breaking her rattan basket
taught her how to make new one did not blame her for the accident
Sisters love Madhuri- protected Azreen a few times from beatings helped to
weave rattan basket to replace the damaged basket wrote many letters to Azreen
when she was in London
b. Love between friends
Azreen and the Old Lady consoled each other- Azreen is the Old Ladys only friend
sacrificed for the Old Lady- tried to rescue the Old Lady when the house was on fire

c. Love triangle
Azreen /Mohd.Asraf/ Madhuri Azreen playsed hockey for Mohd Asrafs team spent a lot of time together after school- sacrificesdfor Mohd Asraf-made false
confession about letting the gate of the farm opened unrequited love Mohd.Asraf
loved Madhuri Madhuri returned his love.
Hj Ghani/ Madhuri/ Puan Fatiha Hj Ghani loved Madhuri pampered her- bought
things for her- Fatiha-first wife-jealous- Madhuri loved Mohd.Asraf married Hj Ghani
because she was forced by Salleh, her father.
THEME:
WRITE ON THE THEME OF FORGIVENESS
Lee Su Ann, the writer of the novel The Curse had brought up many themes in her
writing. One of the themes that I liked very much in this novel is forgiveness which
was clearly portrayed in Azreens character.

As we know from the beginning, Azreen was a very outspoken, aggressive and stubborn
character but towards the ending of the story she had learnt to forgive others.
Azreen was very much influenced by the Old Lady who begged Azreen to learn to forgive
others at the time of her death. We could see very much that Azreen kept her promise when
she forgave Mohd Asraf who had deliberately played with her emotions. All the while
Azreen thought Asraf liked her but, Asraf was actually falling for Madhuri and when he
admitted that to Azreen, she was speechless at first. Azreen hid herself from Asraf by
74

running away until she reached the cliff of the hills when Asraf confessed his love
towards Madhuri. But as time passed, her anger melted away slowly and she forgave
Asraf as the Old Lady had told to her just before she died.
Azreen too learnt to forgive her father who had murdered Madhuri. Even though
she felt sad at first but she did not feel angry or resented him but she realized that
she had lost her only father that she used to know as a very hot-tempered man.
Slowly Azreen forgave her father but she could not see him eye to eye so she left
him alone and that was the time when Encik Saleh had a heart attack and collapsed.
But if at all Azreen had not promised the Old Lady to forgive others, I do not think
that she would forgive her father for murdering Madhuri.
Azreen too forgave Madhuri for all the hurt and resentment she had caused in Azreens
life. Azreen was jealous of Madhuris beauty and genteel behavior. She was the favorite
daughter. She also resented Madhuri as Madhuri was able to captivate Asraf who
eventually fell in love with her. But, when Azreen discovered that Madhuri was adopted
and the truth about Madhuris murder at the hands of her own father, she felt nothing but
pity for poor Madhuri . Finally she forgave her sister, Madhuri.

Last but not least, Azreen also forgave Asraf and wished him luck from the
bottom of her heart when he left Langkawi to take a teaching course in KL.
When she read a note from him, she did not feel angry but smiled and also
questioned herself whether she had learnt to forgive others. From Azreens
character, I too learnt to forgive others in my life if they hurt my feelings. Being
revengeful will not give us anything in life except the negative value.
From all the evidence above, the theme of forgiveness had been portrayed very well
in this novel through the protagonist, Azreen. I hope each and every human will learn
to forgive others in their life.
***************************************************

VALUES
These are some of the values and evidence found in the novel:
CARING
Madhuri shielded her sister, Azreen, from being punished by her father.
Madhuri helped Azreen to mend their mothers favourite rattan basket which Azreen
had broken while carrying durians.
STANDING UP FOR WHAT YOU BELIEVE IN
Being persistent in getting to the truth is highlighted especially through Azreen. She

refused to believe that Madhuris death was merely an accident. She found clues that
solved the puzzle.
RESPONSIBILITY
Azreen repaired the trampled bed of vegetables and brought back fresh vegetables and
seeds to replace the ones destroyed vegetables that belong to the Old Lady.
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HELPFUL
Siti was obliged to help Mohd. Asraf take care of his sick mother while Mohd. Asraf
went out to get some traditional medicine. Siti kept an eye on the sick woman
whom she was quite fond of.
COURAGE
Azreen was very courageous for accepting the Old Lady for what she was.
We should learn not to judge others by listening to rumors and to think practically. Azreen
took the blame for the bulls escape in order to save Mohd Asraf.

Azreen challenged her father to reveal the truth behind Madhuris death.
SKELETON OF IDEAS: MORAL VALUES
Based on the novel you have read, write about one moral value that is depicted in
the novel. Support your answer with close reference to the text.
Content points:
Courage
A character display this value in the novel.
Azreen
stood up for her friend, Asraf
befriended with the mysterious Old Lady
dared to protect the Old Lady from the villagers attack
tried to save the Old Lady from the fire
confronted Asraf and her father for truths
Enabled Azreen to solve the mystery behind Madhuris death

2. Rationality
>The Old Lady unfortunate experiences is an irrational action
Encik Saleh accidental killing due to irrational thinking
Pn Normala and Asraf attacking the Old Ladys house >Must not be influenced by
emotions in handling a crisis

Make wise judgement

Perseverance
Madhuri and Azreen worked hard to repair their mothers rattan basket
Asrafs effort to look for her grandmothers sickness
Never gave up in life when facing difficulties and hardships
Forgiveness
Do not live in anger and denial
free from pain, misjudgement and unfair punishment
Azreen learned to forgive Asraf and her father.
VALUE:
76

WRITE ON THE VALUE OF CARING

The novel The Curse by Lee Su Ann touches on many values that are useful in our
daily lives. As for me, I am touched with the value of caring which is shown
through mothers love in this novel.
Azreens mother was forever seen talking nonsense since her Alzheimers disease was
becoming worse. She was not given a name in this novel but always referred to as Mak.
Azreen felt guilty because she was the one who was responsible for her mother to lose the
use of one of her legs. Even though, we know that Azreen admitted leaving the gate of the
farm open, actually she was only helping Mohd Asraf from being blamed. Her parents met
with an accident when her fathers motorcycle hit the bull. Azreens mother never hated
Azreen for what had happened and she always loved Azreen. She even told Azreen that
it was not her fault that she became paralysed in the accident. This proves that Mak was
never angry towards Azreen and she accepted what had happened to her as fate. This
shows the true love that a mother has for her child.
Another incident that showed a mothers true love is when Madhuris mother, the mad lady
who ventured into the village always watched over her daughter. Even though Madhuri was
raised by Encik Saleh and his wife from a baby, the mad lady always kept herself close to
Madhuri. She used to watch Madhuri and Azreen when they came back from school. This
showed that she still loved her daughter even though she gave up when her baby was lost. She
knew she could not raise Madhuri in a proper way so she just kept quite when Encik Saleh took
the baby and decided to raise the child. But as a mother, she still loved Madhuri and always
saw how her daughter was living with her adopted parents from far. This is what we call
mothers love. Even if the child is not with the real mother she always prays for her child to lead a
happy life and that is why she took revenge against

Encik Saleh who killed Madhuri.

From these two mothers, the readers are shown the value of love that a mother has for a
child. Both mothers in this novel are not normal in certain ways but their love for their
children did not fade but they loved their daughters very much in their own different ways.

************************************************************
LESSONS LEARNED FROM THE NOVEL
Based on the novel you had read, write one lesson that you have learned. Support
your answer with close reference to the text.
SKELETON OF IDEAS
Content points:
must not listen to rumours
Rumours that the village was cursed
Madhuri spilt white blood
Old Lady was a witch and killed her husband

learn to persevere to seek the truth.

Madhuri was murdered
The white blood was actually latex
The Old Lady killed her husband as an act of self defence
*******************************************************************
EXAM FORMAT QUESTIONS
77

Using the details from the novel that you have studied answer the following questions.
Write about a character that you dislike. Give textual evidence to support your answer.
Describe one event in the novel that you find interesting. Give reasons for your answer.

What is the significance of the title to the novel?

Explain some conflicts that the main character had to face. How did the character
cope with them?
Compare and contrast two different characters in the novel with reference to the text.
Choose an incident in the novel which changes the lives of the characters. Elaborate
with close reference to the text.
Choose an event which is sad or happy. Explain how this event has affected a
character in the story.
Based on the novel you have read, describe one event that has touched your
feelings. Give reasons for your choice. .
Based on the novel above, write about an interesting relationship between two characters.

Based on the novel, write the positive and negative qualities of a character found in
the novel.
Write about how the characters help each other in times of difficulties.
Using the details from the novel, describe what happened at the end of the novel.
Explain why you find the ending happy or sad.
Write about one moral value that is portrayed in the novel you have read.
Based on the novel write about some of the challenges faced by a character in that novel.

Write about the superstitions found in the story and how they affected the villagers

Write about any character that you admire

Which character do you sympathize with in the novel you have studied? Give
reasons for your answer.
Learning to forgive is important in life. Do you agree this is true in the novel you
have read? Give textual evidence to support your answer.
What important lesson did you get from the novel you have studied?

78