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About the Author
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Oracle Cloud Computing experts, having designed and managed many of the
worlds largest and most complex Oracle private clouds. Before establishing
Mokum in March 2011, Roddy spent three years at Oracle on the Oracle VM
and Oracle Linux team designing and supporting Oracle's largest and most
complex customer environments. Before Oracle, Roddy spent six years at Citrix,
designing and supporting Citrix's largest and most complex customer environments,
Including Oracle's. With Mr. Rodsteins rich background and knowledge, there
can be no better resource for revealing the Oracle Cloud recipe.
Audience
The Oracle Cloud Cookbook is a comprehensive, field tested reference design that
guides you through each step to move to your Oracle software portfolio to an elastic
Oracle cloud using the Oracle VM product line, Oracle Linux, Oracle Engineered
Systems managed by Oracle Enterprise Manager 12c, with total control over Oracle
processor licensing.

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Last update: 06/23/14

This document applies to Oracle Linux and Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Oracle VM, and Oracle engineered systems.

Table of Contents
Oracle Linux Yum Server Setup Introduction
Oracle Linux YUM Server Setup with the Unbreakable Linux Network
Register the Oracle Linux Host with the Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network
Install and Setup Apache
Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network Yum Server Setup
Install the Yum Server Prerequisite Packages
How to Patch and Install Packages on the Oracle Linux Yum Server Operating System
Synchronize the Linux Yum Server with Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network
Oracle Linux Yum Server Setup using the Oracle Pubic Repository
Install and Setup Apache
Synchronize the Oracle linux Yum Server with the Oracle Public Yum Repository
Oracle Linux Yum Client Setup
Yum Command Examples Repository Listing, Install, Uninstall, & Update RPM Packages
Yum Repository Listing and Maintenance
Listing RPM Packages & RPM Groups
Installing, Removing, Updating and Searching RPM Packages & RPM Groups
Change Log
Revision

Change Description

Updated By

Date

1.0

Document Creation

Roddy Rodstein

07/16/12

1.1

Content Refresh

Roddy Rodsten

12/29/12

1.2

Content Refresh

Roddy Rodstein

04/23/13

1.3

Content Refresh

Roddy Rodstein

06/23/14

Oracle Linux Yum Server Setup Introduction

This chapter of the Oracle Cloud Cookbook describes how to setup an Oracle Linux yum server. An Oracle Linux yum server can be used to
host Oracle Linux, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Oracle VM, and Oracle engineered systems RPM packages, the latest software patches, updates
and xes. With an Oracle Linux yum server, administrators can centrally manage and install RPM packages and updates locally over your
network, not over the internet, using a yum client. An Oracle Linux yum server can also host custom channels with Oracle RPMs and 3rd party
RPMs. A custom channel is a RPM repository created by you to host a collection of RPM packages from Oracle or any vendor, i.e. EMC, HP,
IBM, Red Hat, Open Source, etc..
An Oracle Linux YUM Server can be congured to host Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network RPMs, Oracle public yum server RPMs as well as
custom channels. The Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network and the Oracle public yum server are Oracle' cloud repositories for Oracle VM,
Oracle Linux, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, and Oracle engineered systems RPMs, software patches, updates and xes. Access to Unbreakable
Linux Network requires an Oracle Single Sign-on account, a valid customer service identier (CSI) and registration. Access to the Oracle
public yum server is open to the public without registration.
Table 1 reviews the Oracle Linux yum server components:
Unbreakable Linux
Network (ULN)

The Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network is Oracle' cloud repository for Oracle VM, Oracle Linux, Red Hat
Enterprise Linux, and Oracle engineered systems RPMs, software patches, updates and xes. The Oracle
Unbreakable Linux Network is part of the Oracle Linux support program.

Oracle Linux Support

Oracle Linux is not a licensed Oracle technology product. There are no license fees for Oracle Linux. Oracle
oers enterprise support for Oracle Linux on third-party hardware as well as bundled support with Sun
hardware. Support for Oracle Linux for third-party hardware is purchased as an add-on component of Oracles
enterprise support package. Support for Oracle Linux on Sun x64 hardware is bundled with hardware support as
an add-on to the Premier Support for Systems package.

Customer Service
Identier

A valid Oracle Linux and/or Oracle VM customer service identier (CSI) is required to access the RPM
repositories, software patches, updates and xes at the Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network. Oracle Linux and/or
Oracle VM customer service identiers (CSIs) are only valid for the Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network, not for
My Oracle Support.

Oracle public yum server

The Oracle public yum server is Oracle' public cloud repository for Oracle VM, Oracle Linux and Red Hat
Enterprise Linux RPMs, software patches, updates and xes.

ULN Channel

An Unbreakable Linux Network channel is a collection of RPM packages hosted on Unbreakable Linux Network.
The Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network hosts ULN Channels for Oracle Linux, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Oracle
VM, and Oracle engineered systems.

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RPM Repository

A RPM repository is a directory on an Apache web server which contains RPM packages.
A yum server hosts RPM packages for yum clients. The Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network and Oracle public
yum servers host Oracle's RPM channels. The RPM channels include the base OS version installation RPM
packages along with the latest software patches, updates and xes. With a local Oracle yum server, Oracle Linux,
Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Oracle VM, and Oracle engineered systems nodes can install packages and updates locally over your

Yum server

network, not over the internet, using the yum client. Custom channels can be created with 3rd party RPM packages to install packages and
updates from any vendor, i.e. EMC, HP, IBM, Red Hat, Open Source, etc..

Custom Channel

A custom channel is a RPM repository created by the user to host a collection of RPM packages.

Oracle's public yum server allows us to keep Oracle Linux, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, and Oracle VM system up to date to the latest update
version, using the "_latest" RPM repository. The Oracle public yum repository RPMs, patches, updates and erratas do not include Oracle
support or any of the benets of the Oracle Linux Support program.
The Oracle Linux Support program oers the following benets over and above the free Oracle Linux RPM patches, updates and erratas from
the Oracle public yum server:
Full indemnication against intellectual property claims.
Use of the Oracle Enterprise Manager 12c Linux Host Patching feature, and Spacewalk v2 for patch management. Oracle Enterprise
Manager 12c Linux Host Patching feature, and Spacewalk v2 has feature parity with Red Hat Satellite Server.
Use of the Oracle Enterprise Manager 12c Virtualization Plug-in for Oracle VM for provisioning, patching, management and monitoring.
Access to additional Oracle software channels on the Unbreakable Linux Network (ULN).
Patch channels for each Linux update level.
The ability to create Support Requests with Oracle' World Class support organization.
The Oracle public yum server latest RPM channel include the base OS version installation RPM packages along with the latest software
patches, updates and xes. Patch jobs using the latest RPM channel update hosts to their respected latest version update with the latest
software patches, updates and xes. A patch job executed on a Oracle Linux 6 host would update the host from 6 to 6U3 with the latest latest
software patches, updates and xes. To keep a host at its respected update level, a valid CSI and the Unbreakable Linux Network is required.
With the Unbreakable Linux Network, it is possible to register a host the el*/ol*_base channel along with the el*/ol*_patch RPM channel. When
hosts are patched using the el*/ol*_base and el*/ol*_patch RPM channels, the hosts are patched with the latest software patches, updates and
xes from their respected update channel, i.e. 6, 6U1, 6U2 and 6U3.
With an Oracle Linux yum Server, Linux, Oracle VM, and engineered systems can install packages and updates locally over your network, not
over the internet, using the yum client. Custom channels can be created with 3 rd party RPM packages to install packages and updates from
any vendor, i.e. EMC, HP, IBM, Red Hat, Open Source, etc...
The following table shows the steps to setup an Oracle Linux Yum Server using the Unbreakable Linux Network.
Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Step 5

Register the Linux host

with ULN

Install and Setup

Apache

Access ULN, enable YUM, and select

RPM channels

Synchronize the Linux Yum server

with ULN

Setup Yum
clients

The following table shows the steps to setup an Oracle Linux Yum Server using the Oracle public yum repository.
Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Install and Setup Apache

Synchronize the Linux Yum server with the Oracle public yum repository

Setup Yum clients

The chapter is broken into three sections. The rst section reviews how to setup an Oracle Yum server using the Unbreakable Linux Network.
The second section reviews how to setup an Oracle Yum server using the Oracle public yum repository. The third section reviews how to setup
Linux yum clients.

Oracle Linux YUM Server Setup with the Unbreakable Linux Network
Register the Oracle Linux Host with the Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network
Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Step 5

Register the Linux host

with ULN

Install and Setup

Apache

Access ULN, enable YUM, and select

RPM channels

Synchronize the Linux Yum server

with ULN

Setup Yum
clients

Before an Oracle Linux or Red Hat Enterprise Linux host can connect to the Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network, Oracles GPG key must be
imported using the rpm command. Unbreakable Linux Network registration requires an Oracle Single Sign-on account and a valid customer
service identier (CSI). Before registering the yum server, visit the Unbreakable Linux Network, sign in, or create an Oracle Single Sign-on
account, then sign in to the Unbreakable Linux Network portal.
To import the Oracles GPG key, access the Linux yum server as root and type:
# rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY
Tip: If the RPM-GPG-KEY is not in the /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/ directory, locate the le and use the correct path to import the GPG key. For example,
as root, type "nd / -name RPM-GPG-KEY -print" to locate the RPM-GPG-KEY le.
Once the GPG key has been imported, the Linux host can be registered at the Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network from the command line or
using a X Windows application. The registration process requires you to enter your Unbreakable Linux Network associated Oracle Single
Sign-on user name and password and a valid Oracle Linux Support Identier number (CSI).

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Linux 4 and 5 use the up2date command. To access the Unbreakable Linux Network registration screen from the command line, as root
type:
# up2date --nox --register
To access the Unbreakable Linux Network registration screen with X Windows, as root type:
# up2date --register
Linux 6 and 7 systems use the uln_register command. To access the Unbreakable Linux Network registration screen from the command
line, as root type:
# uln_register
If the host is behind a proxy, for Oracle Linux 4 and 5, as root type:
# up2date --congure
to list and edit the up2date program defaults. There are ve proxy congurations that can be edited to allow access from your Linux host to
the internet. The next example shows the up2date proxy conguration items with their default settings and item numbers.
3. enableProxy
No
4. enableProxyAuth No
11. httpProxy
21. proxyPassword
22. proxyUser
To edit an up2date program item, type the item number, i.e. enter 3 or 4, etc.... then type C to clear the default value or type q to quit without
saving. Next, type the new value and press Enter to save the new value and to exit. If you need to enter multiple values, separate them with
semicolons (;).
Oracle Linux 6 systems use the --proxy option to specify a http proxy. For example, as root type:
# uln_register --proxy=<HOST NAME>:<PORT NUMBER>
Substitute <HOST NAME> with your proxy host name or IP address, and <PORT NUMBER> with the proxy port number, i.e. uln_register
--proxy=my.proxyserver:8000
If your proxy server requires authentication, use the --proxyUser and --proxyPassword to add a username and password. For example, as
root type:
# uln_register --proxy=<HOST NAME>:<PORT NUMBER> --proxyUser=<USER NAME> --proxyPassword=<PASSWORD>
Substitute <HOST NAME> with your proxy host name or IP address, <PORT NUMBER> with the proxy port number, --proxyUser=<USER
NAME> with the proxy user name, and --proxyPassword=<PASSWORD> with the proxy password, i.e. uln_register
--proxy=my.proxyserver:8000 --proxyUser=myname --proxyPassword=password
List 4 shows the seven steps to register an Oracle Linux 6 host with the Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network:
Step 1. Assistant Welcome
Step 2. Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network Login
Step 3. Register a System Prole
Step 4. Register a System Prole Packages
Step 5. Send Prole Information to the Unbreakable Linux Network
Step 6 Review Subscription Details
Step 7 Finish Registration
The following example walks through the seven steps to register a Linux 6 host with the Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network.
Step 1. Assistant Welcome
From the Assistant Welcome screen use the Alt key to select the Next tab, once the Next tab is selected press the Enter key to proceed.
Figure 1 shows the Assistant Welcome screen.

Step 2. Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network Login

On the Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network Login screen, enter your your Unbreakable Linux Network associated Oracle Single Sign-on

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User name, Password, and a valid Oracle CSI number. Use the Alt key to select the Next tab, and then press the Enter key to proceed.
Figure 2 shows the Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network Login screen.

Step 3. Register a System Prole

On the Register a System Prole screen, enter the name for the prole, i.e. the hostname, next using your keyboard spacebar select
or unselect the Include the following information about hardware and network option to save or not save the hardware and
network details in the Systems Prole. Use the Alt key to select the Next tab. Once the Next tab is selected, press the Enter key to proceed.
Note: The information gathered from the system prole step is saved in your user prole at the Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network.
Figure 3 shows the Register a System Prole screen.

Step 4. Register a System Prole Packages

On the Register a System Prole Packages screen, using your keyboard spacebar select or unselect the Include RPM packages installed
on this system in my Systems Prole option to save or not save the RPM packages installed on the system in the Systems Prole. Use the
Alt key to select the Next tab. Once the Next tab is selected, press the Enter key to proceed.
Figure 4 shows the Register a System Prole - Packages screen.

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Step 5. Send Prole Information to the Unbreakable Linux Network

From the Send Prole Information to the Unbreakable Linux Network screen, accept the defaults and use the Alt key to select
the Next tab. Once the Next tab is selected, press the Enter key to proceed.
Figure 5 shows the Send Prole Information to the Unbreakable Linux Network screen.

Step 6 Review Subscription Details

On the Review Subscription Details screen, review the subscription details, and use the Alt key to select the OK tab. Once the OK tab is
selected, press the Enter key to proceed.
Figure 6 shows the Review Subscription Details screen.

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Step 7 Finish Registration

On the Finish Registration screen, use the Alt key to select the Finish tab. Once the Finish tab is selected, press the Finish key to close
the window.
Figure 7 shows the Finish Registration screen.

The Oracle Linux host has been successfully registered.

Install and Setup Apache

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Step 5

Register the Linux host

with ULN

Install and Setup

Apache

Access ULN, enable YUM, and select

RPM channels

Synchronize the Linux Yum server

with ULN

Setup Yum
clients

Installing Apache from the Unbreakable Linux Network is accomplished by typing the following command.
Linux 4 and 5 as root type:
# up2date -i httpd
Linux 6 and 7 as root type:
# yum install httpd -y
Once Apache is installed, congure Apache to automatically start by typing:
# chkcong httpd on
Next, start Apache by typing:
# service httpd start

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Now, with Apache installed and ruuning, test Apache by pointing a web browser to the fully qualied domain name (FQDN) or the IP address
of the Apache Web server. You should see the default Apache test page as shown in Figure 8.

If you don not see the default Apache test page, check if iptables is blocking http trac on the Apache host. Consider disabling iptables to test
Apache, as root type:
# service iptables stop
Next, as root, create the yum repository base directory in /var/www/html by typing:
# mkdir -p /var/www/html/yum
Table 2 shows the minimum disk space requirements for the Oracle Linux 5 channels:
Channel Name

Latest Binaries

All Binaries

Latest Source & Binaries

All Source & Binaries

el5_unsupported_<arch>_latest

2 GB

10 GB

2 GB

16 GB

el5_<arch>_addons

500 MB

4 GB

500 MB

6 GB

el5_<arch>_latest

4 GB

40 GB

8 GB

80 GB

el5_<arch>_oracle

1 GB

3 GB

1 GB

3 GB

ol5_u10_<arch>_base

4 GB

4 GB

7 GB

7 GB

ol5_u10_x86_64_patch

500 MB

1 GB

1 GB

2 GB

ol5_<arch>_ksplice

4 GB

30 GB

4 GB

30 GB

ol5_<arch>_latest

4 GB

25 GB

8 GB

45 GB

ol5_<arch>_UEK_latest

150 MB

4 GB

200 MB

6 GB

Table 3 shows the minimum disk space requirements for the Oracle Linux 6 channels:
Channel Name

Latest Binaries

All Binaries

Latest Source & Binaries

All Source & Binaries

ol6_playground_<arch>_latest

100 MB

3 GB

200 MB

6 GB

ol6_u4_<arch>_base

5 GB

5 GB

10 GB

10 GB

ol6_u4_<arch>_patch

2 GB

5 GB

3 GB

10 GB

ol6_<arch>_addons

300 MB

3 GB

300 MB

3 GB

ol6_<arch>_Dtrace_latest

100 MB

100 MB

200 MB

200 MB

ol6_<arch>_ksplice

5 GB

30 GB

5 GB

30 GB

ol6_<arch>_latest

7 GB

30 GB

15 GB

65 GB

ol6_<arch>_MySQL

200 MB

1 GB

200 MB

1 GB

ol6_<arch>_MySQL56

250 MB

500 MB

300 MB

500 MB

ol6_<arch>_oracle

350 MB

1 GB

350 MB

1 GB

ol6_<arch>_UEK_latest

100 MB

3 GB

200 MB

6 GB

ol6_<arch>_UEKR3_latest

200 MB

300 MB

250 MB

500 MB

Table 4 shows the minimum disk space requirements for the Oracle VM channels:
Channel Name
ovm3_<arch>_latest

Latest Binaries
250 MB

All Binaries
2 GB

Latest Source & Binaries

2 GB

All Source & Binaries

4 GB

Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network Yum Server Setup

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Step 5

Register the Linux host

with ULN

Install and Setup

Apache

Access ULN, enable YUM, and select

RPM channels

Synchronize the Linux Yum server

with ULN

Setup Yum
clients

Once your yum server has been registered, and Apache has been installed and congured, sign in to Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network and

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click the Systems tab to enable yum and select RPM channels. From the Systems tab click on your yum server to access its System Details
page.
Figure 9 shows the Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network Home page with the Systems tab highlighted.

From the Systems tab click your yum server to access its System Details page. From the yum servers Systems Details page click the Edit
button, as shown in Figure 10.

From the yum servers Edit Systems Properties page, select the Yum Server check box, enter a valid CSI number, then click the Apply
Changes button, as shown in Figure 11.

Next, click the Manage Subscriptions button, as shown in Figure 12.

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From the Manage Subscriptions page select the Add ons channel for the yum server operating system version. The Add ons channel is
required to install yum server prerequisite packages. In this example Oracle Linux 6 Add ons (x86_64) was select since the example yum
server is Oracle Linux 6 x86_64. Next, move all of the desired RPM channels from the Available channels window to the Subscribed
channels window. The RPM channels listed in the Subscribed channels window will be downloaded to your yum server using the uln-yummirror script. The uln-yum-mirror package is located in the Add ons channel. Next, click the Save Subscriptions button to save the changes,
as shown in Figure 13.
Tip: Review the Channel Legend for details about each RPM channel.

The yum server has been successfully setup using the Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network.

Install the Yum Server Prerequisite Packages

The next step is to install the yum server prerequisite packages, i.e. yum-utils for Oracle Linux 5 and 6, uln-yum-proxy for Oracle Linux 5,
and uln-yum-mirror for Oracle Linux 6. As root type the following command:
Oracle Linux 5:
# yum install --disablerepo=* --enablerepo=el5_x86_64_addons,ol5_x86_64_latest uln-yum-proxy yum-utils -y
Note: The above command assumes that the yum server is subscribed to the el5_x86_64_addons channel for the uln-yum-proxy package, and

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the ol5_x86_64_latest channel for the yum-utils package.
Oracle Linux 6:
# yum install --disablerepo=* --enablerepo=ol6_x86_64_addons,ol5_x86_64_latest uln-yum-mirror yum-utils -y
Note: The above command assumes that the yum server is subscribed to the ol6_x86_64_addons channel for the uln-yum-mirror package, and
the ol6_x86_64_latest channel for the yum-utils package..
Tip: Using the yum install package command without --disablerepo=* --enablerepo= could cause the wrong RPM package to be installed.
See below for more details.

How to Patch and Install Packages on the Oracle Linux Yum Server Operating System
Once an Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network yum server has been set-up, RPM installations and updates for the yum server operating system
should be done using the --disablerepo=* and --enablerepo= options to ensure that the RPMs originate only from desired RPM channels.
Patching a Linux host using the --disablerepo=* option disables all RPM channels, followed by the --enablerepo= option with a list of desired
RPM repositories (separated by a single comma) instruct the yum client to only use the RPM channels listed in --enablerepo=. Oracle
Unbreakable Linux Network yum servers that are patched without --disablerepo=* and --enablerepo= may install RPMs from all enabled
Unbreakable Linux Network RPM channels, which could promptly corrupt the yum server' operating system.
To list the congured RPM channels from an Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network yum server, type yum repolist or yum repolist -v for verbose.
The next example shows the results from yum repolist on an Oracle Linux 6 Unbreakable Linux Network yum server.
# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security
This system is receiving updates from ULN.
repo id

repo name

status

el5_x86_64_addons

Enterprise Linux 5 Add ons(x86_64)

231

el5_x86_64_latest

Enterprise Linux 5 Latest (x86_64)

21,976

epel

Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - x86_64 8,615

ol6_x86_64_addons

Oracle Linux 6 Add ons (x86_64)

82

ol6_x86_64_latest

Oracle Linux 6 Latest (x86_64)

21,156

ovm3_x86_64_latest Oracle VM 3 latest

825

repolist: 52,885
If the yum update command was used on the example Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network yum server, the RPM packages from all of the
above listed RPM channels would be used for the update, which could corrupt the operating system.
The next example shows how to update the above example Oracle Linux 6 hosts only using the ol6_x86_64_latest and el5_x86_64_addons RPM
channels.
# yum update --disablerepo=* --enablerepo=ol6_x86_64_latest -y
The next example shows how to update the above example Oracle Linux 6 hosts only using the ol6_x86_64_latest RPM channel.
# yum update --disablerepo=* --enablerepo=ol6_x86_64_latest, ol6_x86_64_addons -y
Tip: To list the RPM channels from an Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network yum server, type yum repolist. Select the desired RPM channels
from theyum repolist output, and enter each desired RPM channel after --enablerepo=, i.e.
--enablerepo=ol6_x86_64_latest, ol6_x86_64_addons to install packages from the ol6_x86_64_latest, and the ol6_x86_64_addons RPM
channels.
To search for and install the bind RPM only from the ol6_x86_64_latest RPM channel, use the following --disablerepo=* and --enablerepo=
options.
To search for the bind RPM from the ol6_x86_64_latest RPM channel:
yum list bind --disablerepo=* --enablerepo=ol6_x86_64_latest
To install the bind RPM ol6_x86_64_latest RPM channel:
yum install bind --disablerepo=* --enablerepo=ol6_x86_64_latest
An other option is to edit the yum server's /etc/yum/pluginconf.d/rhnplugin.conf le to congure the yum client to only use the appropriate
yum server operating system channels. To disable Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network channels add the following stanza in /etc/yum
/pluginconf.d/rhnplugin.conf for each channel:
[<repo id>]
enabled=0
For example, to disable the channels listed in the above example, add the following stanzas:
[el5_x86_64_latest]
enabled=0
[el5_x86_64_addons]
enabled=0
[epel]

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enabled=0
[ovm3_x86_64_latest]
enabled=0
Note: Editing the /etc/yum/pluginconf.d/rhnplugin.conf le disables the ULN channels from being accessed by the yum client, but will not
aect uln-yum-mirror functionality. The uln-yum-mirror is covered in the next section.

Synchronize the Linux Yum Server with Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network
Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Step 5

Register the Linux host

with ULN

Install and Setup

Apache

Access ULN, enable YUM, and select

RPM channels

Synchronize the Linux Yum server

with ULN

Setup Yum
clients

Local yum repositories are synchronized to the Unbreakable Linux Network using the uln-yum-mirror script.
Next, install the yum server prerequisite packages, i.e. yum-utils for Oracle Linux 5 and 6, uln-yum-proxy for Oracle Linux 5, and uln-yummirror for Oracle Linux 6. As root type the following command:
Oracle Linux 5:
# yum install --disablerepo=* --enablerepo=el5_x86_64_addons,ol5_x86_64_latest uln-yum-proxy yum-utils -y
Note: The above command assumes that the yum server is subscribed to the el5_x86_64_addons channel for the uln-yum-proxy package, and
the ol5_x86_64_latest channel for the yum-utils package.
Oracle Linux 6:
# yum install --disablerepo=* --enablerepo=ol6_x86_64_addons,ol5_x86_64_latest uln-yum-mirror yum-utils -y
Note: The above command assumes that the yum server is subscribed to the ol6_x86_64_addons channel for the uln-yum-mirror package, and
the ol6_x86_64_latest channel for the yum-utils package.
Installing the uln-yum-mirror package installs the /usr/bin/uln-yum-mirror script as well as congures a daily cronjob to synchronize your yum
repositories. The uln-yum-mirror script cogurations can edited to meet your synchronization requirements by editing the /etc/syscong
/uln-yum-mirror le. The default cronjob is set to run once a day via cron.daily from the uln-yum-mirror script located in the /etc/cron.daily
directory. The cron.daily job will run once a day at 3:05AM. The cronjob can be edited or disabled by editing the /etc/syscong/uln-yum-mirror
le and setting CRON_ENABLED to 0. The uln-yum-mirror script can be manually run by typing:
# /usr/bin/uln-yum-mirror &
The uln-yum-mirror script can also be moved to the /etc/cron.weekly or /rtc/cron.monthly directories to change the schedule from cron.daily
to cron.weekly or cron.monthly.
cron.daily will run once a day at 3:05AM.
cron.weekly will run once a week at 3:25AM.
cron.monthly will run once a month at 3:45AM.
Note: The initial synchronization job may take days to complete, depending on the number of enabled channels, and your network bandwidth.
The following conguration options are available in the /etc/syscong/uln-yum-mirror conguration le:
SRC = [ 0 | 1 ]
The SRC parameter determines if the script downloads the associated .src.rpm les. The default is 0 which disables downloading .src.rpm
les, changing the value to 1 includes source packages.
ALL_PKGS = [ 0 | 1 ]
The ALL_PKGS parameter determines if the script downloads all available packages or just the latest packages. The default is 1 which
downloads all available packages, changing the value to 0 only downloads the latest version of each package.
CRON_ENABLED = [ 0 | 1 ]
The CRON_ENABLED parameter determines if the daily anacron job is enabled. If this parameter is set to 0, the uln-yum-mirror script is
disabled and will need to be manually run.
HARDLINK_RPMS
The HARDLINK_RPMS parameter species if hardlinkpy runs after channel sychronization. hardlinkpy will reduce repository disk space by
hardlinking identical packages.
LOG_OUTPUT
The LOG_OUTPUT parameter species if the output of the automatic cronjob is logged to /var/log/uln-yum-mirror.log.
REP_BASE
REPO_FILE_DIR
YUM_GLOBAL_CACHE
These parameters specify the paths of the synchronized channels and yum cache directory. Only change these settings if you need to edit the
web server.
REP_ENG
REP_EL
REP_OL
REP_OVM
REP_UNK

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These parameters determine the repository name for each of the channels. The names can be edited for each of the channel groups. The
REP_ENG parameter is for Oracle Engineered Systems, e.g. Exadata and Exalogic.
To view the yum server's current cronjob, as root type:
# crontab -l
To edit the cronjob as root type:
# crontab -e

Crontab Syntax:
# Example of job denition:
# .---------------- minute (0 - 59)
# | .------------- hour (0 - 23)
# | | .---------- day of month (1 - 31)
# | | | .------- month (1 - 12) OR jan,feb,mar,apr ...
# | | | | .---- day of week (0 - 6) (Sunday=0 or 7) OR sun,mon,tue,wed,thu,fri,sat
#| | | | |
# * * * * * user-name command to be executed

Oracle Linux Yum Server Setup using the Oracle Pubic Repository
Install and Setup Apache
Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Install and congure Apache

Synchronize the Linux Yum server with the Oracle public yum repository

Setup Yum clients

Installing Apache from the Oracle public yum repository is accomplished by typing the following commands as root.
Linux 4 and 5:
# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
# wget http://public-yum.oracle.com/public-yum-el5.repo
# yum install httpd -y
Linux 6
# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
# wget http://public-yum.oracle.com/public-yum-ol6.repo
# yum install httpd
Once Apache is installed, congure Apache to automatically start by typing:

# chkcong httpd on
Next, start Apache by typing:
# service httpd start
Now, with Apache installed and ruuning, test Apache by pointing a web browser to the fully qualied domain name (FQDN) or the IP address
of the Apache Web server. You should see the default Apache test page as shown in Figure 14.

If you don not see the default Apache test page, check if iptables is blocking http trac on the Apache host. Consider disabling iptables to test
Apache, as root type:
# service iptables stop
Next, as root, create the yum repository base directory in /var/www/html by typing:
# mkdir -p /var/www/html/yum
Table 5 shows the approximate disk space requirements for Oracle's public Linux and Oracle VM RPM repositories:
RPM Channel

Binaries

el*/ol*_latest

13-19G

el*/ol*_addons

600M

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el*/ol*_base

3G

ovm3_latest

500M

Synchronize the Oracle linux Yum Server with the Oracle Public Yum Repository
Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Install and Setup Apache

Synchronize the Linux Yum server with the Oracle public yum repository

Setup Yum clients

Local yum repositories are setup using Oracle's public .repo les, the reposync and createrepo commands along with a cron job to
automatically synchronize the yum repository to the Oracle public yum repository.
Tip: The reposync and createrepo commands are part of the yum-utils RPM package. If your Oracle Linux Yum server does not have reposync
and/or createrepo, install the yum-utils RPM by typing the following command as root:
# yum install yum-utils -y
The rst step is to download a repo le for each Linux version that your yum server will support. To download the repo les, as root type the
following commands:
# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
# wget http://public-yum.oracle.com/public-yum-el4.repo (Linux 4)
# wget http://public-yum.oracle.com/public-yum-el5.repo (Linux 5)
# wget http://public-yum.oracle.com/public-yum-ol6.repo (Linux 6)
For Oracle VM 3, create a repo le on the yum server name "/etc/yum.repos.d/public-yum-ovm3.repo" with the following contents:
[ovm3_latest]
name=Oracle VM Server 3 Latest ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleVM/OVM3/latest/x86_64/
gpgkey=http://public-yum.oracle.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle-el5
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
Next, using your favorite text editor, edit the repo les and enable each desired RPM repository by changing enabled=0 to enabled=1. To
enable a repository change enabled=0 to enabled=1. Note that enabled=0 disableds an RPM repository and enabled=1 enables an RPM
repository.
Next, check for and if necessary install the yum-utils and createrepo prerequisite RPM packages. As root, type the following commands to
check for and if necessary install yum-utils and createrepo.
# rpm -q yum-utils createrepo
yum-utils-1.1.16-21.el5
createrepo-0.4.11-3.el5
The above example shows a host with the two prerequisite RPM packages. If your host does not have one or both of the prerequisite RPM
packages, install the RPMs as shown in the next example.
Note: The yum server must have a .repo le for the Linux OS version to be able to install RPMs from the Oracle public repository, i.e. if the
yum server is Oracle Linux 5, the public-yum-el5.repo le needs to be in the /etc/yum.repos.d/ directoty to install RPM packages.
# yum install yum-utils
# yum install createrepo
Next, conrm the congured RPM repositories by typing the following command as root:
# yum repolist -v
If the RPM repositories are listed, you can proceed. If you see errors check the repo le syntax, and/or the Proxy settings.
If the host is behind a proxy, for Oracle Linux 4 and 5, as root type:
# up2date --congure
to list and edit the up2date program defaults. There are ve proxy congurations that can be edited to allow access from your Linux host to
the internet. The next example shows the up2date proxy conguration items with their default settings and item numbers.
3. enableProxy
No
4. enableProxyAuth No
11. httpProxy
21. proxyPassword
22. proxyUser
To edit an up2date program item, type the item number, i.e. enter 3 or 4, etc.... then type C to clear the default value or type q to quit without
saving. Next, type the new value and press Enter to save the new value and to exit. If you need to enter multiple values, separate them with
semicolons (;).
Oracle Linux 6 systems use the --proxy option to specify a http proxy. For example, as root type:
# uln_register --proxy=<HOST NAME>:<PORT NUMBER>
Substitute <HOST NAME> with your proxy host name or IP address, and <PORT NUMBER> with the proxy port number, i.e. uln_register
--proxy=my.proxyserver:8000
If your proxy server requires authentication, use the --proxyUser and --proxyPassword to add a username and password. For example, as
root type:

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# uln_register --proxy=<HOST NAME>:<PORT NUMBER> --proxyUser=<USER NAME> --proxyPassword=<PASSWORD>
Substitute <HOST NAME> with your proxy host name or IP address, <PORT NUMBER> with the proxy port number, --proxyUser=<USER
NAME> with the proxy user name, and --proxyPassword=<PASSWORD> with the proxy password, i.e. uln_register
--proxy=my.proxyserver:8000 --proxyUser=myname --proxyPassword=password
Next, download the RPMs for the rst time using the reposync command. The next example shows how to dowload the el5_latest RPMs.
# reposync -r el5_latest -p /var/www/html/yum/public/
The next example shows how to dowload the ol6_latest RPMs to the /var/www/html/yum/public/ directory.
# reposync -r ol6_latest -p /var/www/html/yum/public/
The next example shows how to dowload the ovm3_latest RPMs.
# reposync -r ovm3_latest -p /var/www/html/yum/public/
Note: As needed substitute the path, i.e. -p /var/www/html/yum/public/ with the desired path.
The reposync command -r switch is used to indicate which repository in the repo le to download. The reposync command -p switch is used to
indicate which directory is used for the local repository. Consult resosync's man pages for further deatails by typing "man reposync".
Once the repositories have been populated, create a script to update the repositories and add it to cron to automatically synchronize the local
yum RPM repository to Oracle.
The next example shows the contents of a script named update-oracle-repo.log located in the /usr/local/bin/ directory that updates the Oracle
Linux 5 and 6 latest repositories.
# cat /usr/local/bin/update-oracle-repo.log
#!/bin/bash
reposync -r ol6_latest -p /var/www/html/yum/public/
createrepo /var/www/html/yum/public/el5_latest/getPackage/
reposync -r el5_latest -p /var/www/html/yum/public/
createrepo /var/www/html/yum/public/ol6_latest/getPackage/
Next, make the script executable by typing:
# chmod +x /usr/local/bin/update-oracle-repo.log
As root or any other user with access to the script, type "chrontab -e" to edit your crontab le, or create a new crontab le if one does not already exist. The next example
shows how to create a crontab le as root that will run the update-oracle-repo.log
repo-result.log.

script at midnight every weekday and log the results to /var/log/update-oracle-

# crontab -e
15 0 * * * /usr/local/bin/update-repository.sh > /var/log/update-oracle-repo-result.log
To view the yum server's current cronjob:
# crontab -l
To edit the cronjob as root type:
# crontab -e

Crontab Syntax:
# Example of job denition:
# .---------------- minute (0 - 59)
# | .------------- hour (0 - 23)
# | | .---------- day of month (1 - 31)
# | | | .------- month (1 - 12) OR jan,feb,mar,apr ...
# | | | | .---- day of week (0 - 6) (Sunday=0 or 7) OR sun,mon,tue,wed,thu,fri,sat
#| | | | |
# * * * * * user-name command to be executed

Oracle Linux Yum Client Setup

To make a yum Server available to Linux or Oracle VM hosts create a .repo le that points to the yum server. On a Linux or Oracle VM host, as
root create a le in /etc/yum.repos.d/ directory with the .repo extention, i.e. my-ol5-local-yum-server.repo. The .repo le can have any name as
long as it has a .repo extention. In the .repo le add the desired RPM channel settings.
A yum .repo conguration le can contain one or more sections to dene RPM repositories.
Table 4 lists the repository directives.
Directive Description

Explanation

baseurl

The location of the RPM repository, i.e. le://, ftp://, or http://. This directive is required

enabled

If set to 1, enables the RPM repository.

name

A descriptive name for the RPM repository. This directive is required

Tip: Consult the yum.conf(5) man page for additional details.

The next example shows a .repo le named my-ol5-local-yum-server.repo that points a Linux host to use the el5_latest RPM channel on a Yum
server named "<yum_server>". Replace <yum_server> with the IP address or fully qualied domain name (FQDN) of your Yum server.

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# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/my-ol5-local-yum-server.repo
[el5_latest]
name=Oracle Linux $releasever - $basearch - latest
baseurl=http://<yum_server>/var/www/html/yum/public/el5_latest/getPackage/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
The next example shows a .repo le named my-ovm3-local-yum-server.repo that points a Oracle VM host to use the ovm3_latest RPM channel
on a Yum server named "<yum_server>". Replace <yum_server> with the IP address or fully qualied domain name (FQDN) of your Yum
server.
# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/my-ovm3-local-yum-server.repo
[ovm3_latest]
name=Oracle VM Server 3 Latest ($basearch)
baseurl=http://<yum_server>/var/www/html/yum/public/ovm_latest/getPackage/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
The following list shows all of the Oracle public RPM channels that can be added to a Linux host's .repo le. Replace public-yum.oracle.com
with the IP address or fully qualied domain name (FQDN) of your Yum server.
Oracle Linux 5 .repo File Entries:
[el5_latest]
name=Oracle Linux $releasever Latest ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL5/latest/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
[el5_ga_base]
name=Oracle Linux $releasever GA installation media copy ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/EnterpriseLinux/EL5/0/base/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
[el5_u1_base]
name=Enterprise Linux $releasever Update 1 installation media copy ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/EnterpriseLinux/EL5/1/base/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
[el5_u2_base]
name=Enterprise Linux $releasever Update 2 installation media copy ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/EnterpriseLinux/EL5/2/base/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
[el5_u3_base]
name=Enterprise Linux $releasever Update 3 installation media copy ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/EnterpriseLinux/EL5/3/base/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
[el5_u4_base]
name=Enterprise Linux $releasever Update 4 installation media copy ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/EnterpriseLinux/EL5/4/base/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
[el5_u5_base]
name=Enterprise Linux $releasever Update 5 installation media copy ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/EnterpriseLinux/EL5/5/base/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
[ol5_u5_base]
name=Oracle Linux $releasever Update 5 installation media copy ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL5/5/base/x86_64/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0

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[ol5_u6_base]
name=Oracle Linux $releasever Update 6 installation media copy ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL5/6/base/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
[ol5_u7_base]
name=Oracle Linux $releasever Update 7 installation media copy ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL5/7/base/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
[ol5_u8_base]
name=Oracle Linux $releasever Update 8 installation media copy ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL5/8/base/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
[ol5_u9_base]
name=Oracle Linux $releasever Update 9 installation media copy ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL5/9/base/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
[ol5_u10_base]
name=Oracle Linux $releasever Update 10 installation media copy ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL5/10/base/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
[el5_addons]
name=Enterprise Linux $releasever Add ons ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/EnterpriseLinux/EL5/addons/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
[el5_oracle_addons]
name=Oracle Software addons for Enterprise Linux $releasever ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/EnterpriseLinux/EL5/oracle_addons/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
[ol5_UEK_latest]
name=Latest Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel for Oracle Linux $releasever ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL5/UEK/latest/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
[ol5_UEK_base]
name=Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel for Oracle Linux $releasever ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL5/UEK/base/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
[el5_unsupported]
name=Productivity Applications for Enterprise Linux $releasever ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/EnterpriseLinux/EL5/unsupported/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
[ol5_spacewalk20_client]
name=Spacewalk Client 2.0 for Oracle Linux 5 ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL5/spacewalk20/client/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
Oracle Linux 6 .repo File Entries:
[ol6_latest]
name=Oracle Linux $releasever Latest ($basearch)

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baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL6/latest/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
[ol6_addons]
name=Oracle Linux $releasever Add ons ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL6/addons/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
[ol6_ga_base]
name=Oracle Linux $releasever GA installation media copy ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL6/0/base/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
[ol6_u1_base]
name=Oracle Linux $releasever Update 1 installation media copy ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL6/1/base/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
[ol6_u2_base]
name=Oracle Linux $releasever Update 2 installation media copy ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL6/2/base/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
[ol6_u3_base]
name=Oracle Linux $releasever Update 3 installation media copy ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL6/3/base/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
[ol6_u4_base]
name=Oracle Linux $releasever Update 4 installation media copy ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL6/4/base/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
[ol6_u5_base]
name=Oracle Linux $releasever Update 5 installation media copy ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL6/5/base/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
[ol6_UEKR3_latest]
name=Latest Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel for Oracle Linux $releasever ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL6/UEKR3/latest/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
[ol6_UEK_latest]
name=Latest Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel for Oracle Linux $releasever ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL6/UEK/latest/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
[ol6_UEK_base]
name=Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel for Oracle Linux $releasever ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL6/UEK/base/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
[ol6_playground_latest]
name=Latest mainline stable kernel for Oracle Linux 6 ($basearch) - Unsupported
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL6/playground/latest/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1

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enabled=0
[ol6_MySQL]
name=MySQL 5.5 for Oracle Linux 6 ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL6/MySQL/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
[ol6_gdm_multiseat]
name=Oracle Linux 6 GDM Multiseat ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL6/gdm_multiseat/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
[ol6_ofed_UEK]
name=OFED supporting tool packages for Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel on Oracle Linux 6 ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL6/ofed_UEK/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
[ol6_MySQL56]
name=MySQL 5.6 for Oracle Linux 6 ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL6/MySQL56/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
[ol6_spacewalk20_server]
name=Spacewalk Server 2.0 for Oracle Linux 6 ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL6/spacewalk20/server/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
[ol6_spacewalk20_client]
name=Spacewalk Client 2.0 for Oracle Linux 6 ($basearch)
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL6/spacewalk20/client/$basearch/
gpgkey=le:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0

Yum Command Examples Repository Listing, Install, Uninstall, & Update RPM
Packages
Installing, removing, and updating RPM packages is a fundamental Linux lifecycle operation. This section of the Oracle Cloud Cookbook
introduces the most frequently used yum commands to query RPM repositories, install, uninstall, & update RPM packages.
Linux distributions have one or more package managers. The yum package manager is the default RPM package manager for Red Hat
distributions such as Oracle Linux and CentOS. Yum stands for Yellowdog Updater Modied. Yum is a client command for updating RPMs from
RPM repositories on yum servers. Yum servers maintain up-to-date RPM header and metadata that point yum clients to RPMs and their RPM
dependencies.
The yum command requires an argument to specify the action to take. The most commonly used yum commands are:
install
remove
update
list
search
The install and remove commands work as expected, they install or remove the listed RPM packages. The install, remove and update
commands determine what other packages must be installed or removed (dependencies) and presents the details for conrmation. Wildcards
can be used in the package names to specify a group of related packages. For example:
#
#
#
#
#
#

yum
yum
yum
yum
yum
yum

install 'foo'
remove 'foo'
update 'foo'
install 'foo e fo fum'
remove 'foo e fo fum'
update 'foo e fo fum'

Yum Repository Listing and Maintenance

The repolist command with its subcommands queries the RPM repository entries in a yum client's .repo les.

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The next example shows the output from the "yum repolist enabled" command. The "yum repolist enabled" command lists a yum client's
enabled repositories with the status and the number of RPMs.
# yum repolist enabled
Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security
This system is not registered with ULN.
ULN support will be disabled.
repo id
repo name
status
el5_latest
Oracle Linux 5 Latest (x86_64)
4,221
epel
Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - x86_64
7,194
repolist: 11,415
The next example shows the output from the "yum repolist disabled" command. The "yum repolist disabled" command lists a yum client's
disabled repositories.
# yum repolist disabled
Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security
This system is not registered with ULN.
ULN support will be disabled.
repo id
repo name
epel-debuginfo
Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - x86_64 - Debug
epel-source
Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - x86_64 - Source
epel-testing
Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - Testing - x86_64
epel-testing-debuginfo
Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - Testing - x86_64 - Debug
epel-testing-source
Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - Testing - x86_64 - Source
repolist: 0
The next example shows the output from the "yum repolist all" command. The "yum repolist all" command lists a yum client's enabled and
disabled repositories with the status and the number of RPMs.
# yum repolist all
Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security
This system is not registered with ULN.
ULN support will be disabled.
repo id
repo name
status
el5_latest
Oracle Linux 5 Latest (x86_64)
enabled: 4,221
epel
Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - x86_64
enabled: 7,194
epel-debuginfo
Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - x86_64 - Debug
disabled
epel-source
Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - x86_64 - Source
disabled
epel-testing
Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - Testing - x86_64
disabled
epel-testing-debuginfo
Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - Testing - x86_64 - Debug
disabled
epel-testing-source
Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - Testing - x86_64 - Source
disabled
repolist: 11,415
The "yum repolist -v" command verbosly lists all enabled repositories. The yum repolist -v command is useful to list the details from all
congured repositories. The next example shows the output from the "yum repolist -v" command.
# yum repolist -v
Loading "rhnplugin" plugin
Loading "security" plugin
Cong time: 0.048
This system is not registered with ULN.
ULN support will be disabled.
Yum Version: 3.2.22
Setting up Package Sacks
pkgsack time: 0.039
Repo-id
: el5_latest
Repo-name : Oracle Linux 5 Latest (x86_64)
Repo-updated : Fri Oct 26 10:30:15 2012
Repo-pkgs : 4,221
Repo-size : 5.3 G
Repo-baseurl : http://192.168.4.13/yum/OracleLinux/OL5/latest/x86_64/
Repo-expire : 3,600 second(s) (last: Fri Oct 26 16:47:06 2012)
Repo-id
: epel
Repo-name : Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - x86_64
Repo-revision: 1351273445
Repo-tags : binary-x86_64
Repo-updated : Fri Oct 26 10:46:18 2012
Repo-pkgs : 7,194
Repo-size : 5.4 G
Repo-mirrors : http://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/mirrorlist?repo=epel-5&arch=x86_64
Repo-expire : 3,600 second(s) (last: Fri Oct 26 16:47:13 2012)
repolist: 11,415
Clean the yum cache using yum clean
The yum clean command with its subcommands (clean [ headers | packages | metadata | dbcache | plugins | expire-cache | all) is used to clean
the yum cache headers, packages, metadata, dbcache, plugins and expire-cache. The yum clean command with its subcommands is useful to
make sure the yum cache is clean. The next example shows how to clean the yum cache.
# yum clean all

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Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security
Cleaning up Everything
Rebuild the yum cache using yum makecache
The yum makecache command downloads the metadata for all enabled yum repositories. The yum makecache command is useful to make sure
the cache is current.
# yum makecache
Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security
This system is not registered with ULN.
ULN support will be disabled.
el5_latest
| 1.9 kB
00:00
el5_latest/lelists_db
| 7.1 MB
00:00
el5_latest/other_db
| 20 MB
00:01
el5_latest/primary_db
| 6.1 MB
00:00
epel
| 3.7 kB
00:00
epel/lelists_db
| 5.5 MB
00:06
epel/updateinfo
| 473 kB
00:01
epel/other_db
| 2.3 MB
00:03
epel/group_gz
| 168 kB
00:00
epel/primary_db
| 3.8 MB
00:05
Metadata Cache Created

Listing RPM Packages & RPM Groups

List all available RPM packages using yum list
The yum list command without any options lists all of the packages in all congured repositories and all of the installed packages on a Linux
host. Note that yum list all and yum list generate the same output. The next example shows how to list all the available packages.
# yum list | less
List all the installed RPM packages using yum list installed
The yum list installed command lists all the installed packages on the system. The yum list installed command is equivalent to rpm -qa.
The next example shows how to list all the installed packages on the system.
# yum list installed | less
Check if a particular RPM package is installed using yum list
The next example shows how to conrm if a package, i.e. ntp, is already installed. Substitute the RPM package name ntp with the name of the
RPM package you would like to query.
# yum list ntp
Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security
This system is not registered with ULN.
ULN support will be disabled.
Installed Packages
ntp.x86_64
4.2.2p1-15.el5_7.1
installed
List available software groups with yum grouplist
Repositories oer package groups to manage related packages as sets. Many 3rd party repositories add packages to these groups and provide
their packages as additional groups. The next example shows how to list all the available RPM package groups.
# yum grouplist
List which RPM package a le belong to with yum provides
The "yum provides" command lists which package a le belongs to. For example, to list the name of the package that has the /etc/ntp.conf le,
type the following:
# yum provides /etc/ntp.conf
Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security
This system is not registered with ULN.
ULN support will be disabled.
ntp-4.2.2p1-15.el5_7.1.x86_64 : Synchronizes system time using the Network Time Protocol (NTP).
Repo
: el5_latest
Matched from:
Filename : /etc/ntp.conf
ntp-4.2.2p1-15.el5_7.1.x86_64 : Synchronizes system time using the Network Time Protocol (NTP).
Repo
: installed
Matched from:
Other
: Provides-match: /etc/ntp.conf

Installing, Removing, Updating and Searching RPM Packages & RPM Groups
The yum install <packagename> command installs <packagename> including all of the required dependencies. The next example shows how
to install the ntp package. Substitute ntp with the package you would like to install.
# yum install ntp
It is possible to install multiple packages by adding the package names to the end of the line.
# yum install foo e fo fum

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The yum remove <packagename> command removes <packagename> including all of the required dependencies. The next example shows
how to remove the ntp package. Substitute ntp with the package you would like to remove.
# yum remove ntp
The yum update <packagename> command updates <packagename> including all of the required dependencies. The next example shows
how to update the ntp package. Substitute ntp with the package you would like to update.
# yum update ntp
The yum update command updates all of the RPM packages that need to be updated, including all of the required dependencies. The next
example shows how to update all of the packages that need to be updated.
# yum update
TIp: The -y option can be used to answer yes to all questions. For example, yum update -y would install all packages without having to type
"yes".
The yum search <search term> command searches the enables repositories for the search term. The next example shows how to search for
the ntp package. Substitute ntp with the package you would like to nd.
# yum search ntp
Tip: Wildcards can be used with the search directive, such as * (match anything) and ? (match any single character).
The yum groupinstall 'the group's name enclosed in single quotes' command is used to install package groups. The following example shows
how to install, update and remove a package group.
# yum groupinstall 'FTP Server'
# yum groupupdate 'FTP Server'
# yum groupremove 'FTP Server'

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