Scribd
Upload
61 views35 pages

Clase 03 Matlab PDF

The document provides an overview of the Symbolic Math Toolbox and Control System Toolbox in Matlab. It discusses various functions for symbolic math operations like calculus, linear algebra, simplification, equation solving and transforms. It also covers using Matlab for solving differential equations symbolically, Laplace transforms, and generating transfer functions and step responses for control systems. The key capabilities summarized are symbolic math operations, solving differential equations, Laplace transforms, and analyzing control systems in Matlab.

Uploaded by

miscael
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
61 views35 pages

Clase 03 Matlab PDF

The document provides an overview of the Symbolic Math Toolbox and Control System Toolbox in Matlab. It discusses various functions for symbolic math operations like calculus, linear algebra, simplification, equation solving and transforms. It also covers using Matlab for solving differential equations symbolically, Laplace transforms, and generating transfer functions and step responses for control systems. The key capabilities summarized are symbolic math operations, solving differential equations, Laplace transforms, and analyzing control systems in Matlab.

Uploaded by

miscael
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 35

Matlab: Symbolic Math Toolbox,

Control System Toolbox

Dr. Luis Snchez

Symbolic Math Toolbox


Permite:
Calculus integration, differentiation, Taylor series
expansion,
Linear Algebra inverses, determinants, eigenvalues,

Simplification algebraic and trigonometric expressions


Equation Solutions algebraic and differential equations
Transforms Fourier, Laplace, Z transforms and inverse
transforms,

Symbolic
Use sym to create a symbolic number, and double
to convert to a normal number.
>> sqrt(2)
ans = 1.4142
>> var = sqrt(sym(2))
var = 2^(1/2)
>> double(var)
ans = 1.4142
>> sym(2)/sym(5) + sym(1)/sym(3)
ans = 11/15

Symbolic variables
Use syms to define symbolic variables. (Or use sym to create
an abbreviated symbol name.)
>> syms m n b c x
>> th = sym('theta')
>> sin(th)
ans = sin(theta)
>> sin(th)^2 + cos(th)^2
ans = cos(theta)^2 + sin(theta)^2
>> y = m*x + b
y = b + m*x

Expresiones simblicas
The subs function substitutes values or expressions for
variables in a symbolic expression.
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>

clear
syms m x b
y = m*x + b
y = b
subs(y,x,3)
ans =
subs(y, [m b], [2 3]) ans =
subs(y, [b m x], [3 2 4]) ans

+ m*x
b + 3*m
2*x + 3
= 11

The symbolic expression itself is unchanged.


>> y

y = b + m*x

Diferenciacin
Use diff to do symbolic differentiation.
>> clear
>> syms m x b th n y
>> y = m*x + b;
>> diff(y, x)
>> diff(y, b)
>> p = sin(th)^n
>> diff(p, th)
- 1)

ans = m
ans = 1
p = sin(th)^n
ans = n*cos(th)*sin(th)^(n

Integracin
>> clear
>> syms m b x

>> y = m*x + b;

Indefinite integrals
>> int(y, x)
b*x
>> int(y, b)
>> int(1/(1+x^2))

ans = (m*x^2)/2 +

ans = (b + m*x)^2/2
ans = atan(x)

ans = 3*b +

ans = pi/4

Definite integrals
>> int(y,x,2,5)
(21*m)/2
>> int(1/(1+x^2),x,0,1)

Graficando expresiones simblicas


The ezplot function will plot symbolic expressions.

>>
>>
>>
>>
>>

clear; syms x y
ezplot( 1 / (5 + 4*cos(x)) );
hold on; axis equal
g = x^2 + y^2 - 3;
ezplot(g);

Solucin de Ecuaciones
diferenciales con Matlab: dsolve
y
dy
dt
2
d y
2
dt
n
d y
n
dt

y
Dy

D2y

Dny

Ejemplo. Resolver la ED usando


Matlab
dy
2 y 12sin 4t
dt

y(0) 10

>> y = dsolve('Dy + 2*y = 12*sin(4*t)',


'y(0)=10')
y=
-12/5*cos(4*t)+6/5*sin(4*t)+62/5*exp(-2*t)

>> ezplot(y, [0 8])


>> axis([0 8 -3 10])

Ejemplo. Resolver la ED usando


Matlab
2
d y
dy
3 2 y 24
2
dt
dt
y(0) 10 y '(0) 0

>> y = dsolve('D2y + 3*Dy + 2*y = 24',


'y(0)=10', 'Dy(0)=0')
y=
12+2*exp(-2*t)-4*exp(-t)
>> ezplot(y, [0 6])

La trasformada de Laplace
simblica con Matlab
Establezca s y t como variables
simblicas.
>> syms t s
La trasformada de laplace de una
funcin f(t) se obtiene como:
>> F = laplace(f)
Algunas simplificaciones utiles son:
>> pretty(F)
>> simplify(F)

La trasformada inversa de Laplace


simblica con Matlab
Establish t and s as symbolic variables.
>> syms t s

The Laplace function F is then formed and


the inverse Laplace transform command is:
>> f = ilaplace(F)

Ejemplo. Determine la trasformada


de Laplace de v(t) usando Matlab
v(t ) 3e

2 t

sin 5t 4e

2 t

cos5t

>> syms t s
>> v = 3*exp(-2*t)*sin(5*t)
+ 4*exp(-2*t)*cos(5*t)
v=
3*exp(-2*t)*sin(5*t)+4*exp(-2*t)*cos(5*t)

Ejemplo. Continuacin
>> V = laplace(v)
V =15/((s+2)^2+25)+4*(s+2)/((s+2)^2+25)
>> V=simplify(V)
V = (23+4*s)/(s^2+4*s+29)

Ejemplo. Determine la trasformada Inversa


de Laplace de F(s) usando Matlab

100( s 3)
F ( s)
2
( s 1)( s 2)( s 2 s 5)
>> syms t s
>> F=100*(s+3)/((s+1)*(s+2)*(s^2+2*s+5))
F=
(100*s+300)/(s+1)/(s+2)/(s^2+2*s+5)

Ejemplo. Continuacin
>> f = ilaplace(F)
f = 50*exp(-t)-20*exp(-2*t)-30*exp(-t)*cos(2*t)10*exp(-t)*sin(2*t)
>> pretty(f)
50 exp(-t) - 20 exp(-2 t) - 30 exp(-t) cos(2 t) 10 exp(-t) sin(2 t)

Ejemplo. Determine la trasformada


Inversa de Laplace de F(s) usando
Matlab
10
48
Y (s)

2
s 2 ( s 2)( s 16)
>> syms t s
>> Y = 10/(s+2) + 48/((s+2)*(s^2+16))
Y =10/(s+2)+48/(s+2)/(s^2+16)

Ejemplo. Continuacin
>> y = ilaplace(Y)
y = 62/5*exp(-2*t)12/5*cos(16^(1/2)*t)+3/10*16^(1/2)*sin(16^(1/
2)*t)
>> y=simplify(y)
y = 62/5*exp(-2*t)-12/5*cos(4*t)+6/5*sin(4*t)

Diversos comandos de Matlab para aplicarlos


en diferentes campos de la transformada de
Laplace
El comando roots determina las races de polinomios de
grado n

Ejemplo

El comando poly obtiene el polinomio de las races dadas

El comando conv lleva a cabo el producto de 2 funciones


representadas en el dominio s

El comando printsys representa como funcin racional en s a la relacin


de polinomios numerador/denominador

El comando pzmap efecta la representacin grfica de polos y ceros


en el plano s de una funcin racional previamente definida.

El comando residue descompone en fracciones parciales a


G(s).

Conversin de fracciones parciales a funcin racional

Ejemplo

Teoremas de valor inicial y final

Ejemplo

Ejemplo

Funciones de Trasferencia en Matlab

Funciones de Trasferencia en Matlab

Ejemplos
Escribir en Matlab las siguientes funciones de trasferencia:

Conversin de una funcin de trasferencia a


formato ganancia-polo-cero y viceversa

Ejemplo
Dada la funcin de trasferencia G(s), expresarla en formato
ganancia-polo-cero.

Generating a Step Response in MATLAB


>>M = 1; % units of kg
>>K = 10; % units of N/m
>>B = 2; % units of N-s/m
>>num = 1;
>>den = [M B K];
>>sys = tf(num,den)
>>step(sys);

Specifying the time scale

>>t=0:0.1:10;
>>step(sys,t);

You might also like