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Brick:: Bonds, Collectively Known As Brickwork, and May Be Laid in Various Kinds of Mortar To Hold The

Bricks are rectangular masonry units used in construction. They can be made of clay, concrete, or lightweight expanded clay aggregate. There are two main types - fired bricks, which are durable and long-lasting, and airdried or mudbricks which have a history older than fired bricks. Bricks are laid in various bonds and patterns to form brickwork. In India, bricks are classified into 11 classes based on their average compressive strength. First class bricks are high quality with a compressive strength over 10.7N/mm2 and are used for exterior walls. Second class bricks have a strength over 7N/mm2 and are used for internal walls. Third class bricks have chips and cracks and

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87 views

Brick:: Bonds, Collectively Known As Brickwork, and May Be Laid in Various Kinds of Mortar To Hold The

Bricks are rectangular masonry units used in construction. They can be made of clay, concrete, or lightweight expanded clay aggregate. There are two main types - fired bricks, which are durable and long-lasting, and airdried or mudbricks which have a history older than fired bricks. Bricks are laid in various bonds and patterns to form brickwork. In India, bricks are classified into 11 classes based on their average compressive strength. First class bricks are high quality with a compressive strength over 10.7N/mm2 and are used for exterior walls. Second class bricks have a strength over 7N/mm2 and are used for internal walls. Third class bricks have chips and cracks and

Uploaded by

Ali Raza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BRICK:

A brick is building material used to make walls, pavements and other elements in masonry
construction. Traditionally, the term brick referred to a unit composed of clay, but it is now used
to denote any rectangular units laid in mortar. A brick can be composed of claybearing soil, sand,
and lime, or concrete materials. Bricks are produced in numerous classes, types, materials, and
sizes which vary with region and time period, and are produced in bulk quantities. Two basic
categories of bricks are fired and nonfired bricks. Block is a similar term referring to a
rectangular building unit composed of similar materials, but is usually larger than a brick.
Lightweight bricks (also called lightweight blocks) are made from expanded clay aggregate.
Fired bricks are one of the longestlasting and strongest building materials, sometimes referred to
as artificial stone, and have been used since circa 5000 BC. Airdried bricks, also known as
mudbricks, have a history older than fired bricks, and have an additional ingredient of a
mechanical binder such as straw. Bricks are laid in courses and numerous patterns known as
bonds, collectively known as brickwork, and may be laid in various kinds of mortar to hold the
bricks together to make a durable structure.

CLASSIFICATION:
General Quality:
Bricks shall be hand moulded or machine moulded and shall be made from suitable soils. They
shall be from from cracks and flaws and nodules of free lime. Bricks with height of 90 mm or 70
mm will be moulded with a frog of 10 mm to 20 mm deep on one of its flat sides. Bricks with
height of 40 mm or less, and as well those made by extrusion process may not be provided with
frogs. The bricks shall have smooth rectangular faces with sharp corners and shall be uniform in
colour. Bricks Classification and Specification (IS-1077:1992) According to Indian standard (IS:
1077: 1992) bricks are classified into the following categories:

Class Designation

Average compressive strength not less than[ (N/mm^2) (kg/cm2)

1. 35

35

350

2. 30

30

300

3. 25

25

250

4. 20

20

200

5. 17.5

17.5

175

6. 15

15

150

7. 12.5

12.5

125

8. 10

10

100

9. 7.5

7.5

75

10. 5

50

11. 3.5

3.5

35

Types:
(1) First Class Bricks

(2) Second Class Bricks

(3) Third Class Bricks

(4) Fourth Class Bricks

(1) FIRST CLASS BRICKS:


Characteristics:
Made of good earth which is free from saline deposits and are sand molded. Burnt thoroughly
without being vitrified and have deep red, cherry and copper color. Regular and uniform in shape
and size with sharp and square edges and parallel faces. Must be homogeneous in texture and
emit a clear ringing sound on being struck together.

Free from flaws, cracks, chops, stones and lime. Should not absorb water more than 20% of its
own dry weight after 24 hours, immersion in cold water. Have a minimum crushing strength of
105 kg per sq. cm when tested according to the test. Should not show appreciable sign of
efflorescence either in dry state or subsequent to soaking in water. Specifications/Dimension

(1)

Plain surface, sharp edges and size with tolerance in dimensions +3%

(2)

Uniform red or brownish colored.

(3)

High crushing strength, not less than 10.7 N/mm2

(4)

Machine moulded

(5)

EfflorescenceNIL

(6)

Water absorption less than 15%.

USE:
They are used for the exterior wall brick works, short columns and arches.

(2) SECOND CLASS BRICKS:


They shall be well burnt or slightly over burnt. They must give clear ringing sound when struck.
The may have slight irregularities in size, shape and color. They may have slight chips, flaws or
surface crack but must be free from lime or kankar. The minimum crushing strength of second
class brick should be 70 kg per sq cm.

Specifications:
(1)

Slightly uneven faces and edges with tolerance in dimensions +8%

(2)

Uniform colored but may be slightly over burnt.

(3)

High crushing strength, not less than 7 N/mm2

(4)

Hand moulded

(5)

Efflorescence Little

(6)

Water absorption less than 20%.

USE:
They are used for internal walls and compound walls.

(3) THIRD CLASS BRICKS:


These bricks are slightly under burnt or over burnt. They are not uniform in shape, size and
edges. They shall not observe water more than 25% of their own dry weight after 24 hours,
immersion in cold water. They have some signs of efflorescence.

Specifications:
(1)

May be distorted with blunt edges.

(2)

Over burnt or under burnt and non uniform color.

(3)

High crushing strength, not less than 3.5N/mm2

(4)

Hand moulded

(5)

EfflorescenceLarge

(6)

Water absorption less than 25%.

USES:
They are used for flooring, paving, small brick foundations and brick bat lime concrete
(B.B.L.C.).

(4) OVER BURNT/JHAMA BRICKS:


Characteristics:
Bricks shall be free from cracks and flaws and nodules of free lime. Bricks shall have smooth
rectangular faces with sharp corners. Bricks shall be uniform in colour. Frog size of a hand
moulded brick having height of 90 mm or 70 mm shall be as per the figure shown below.

Specifications/dimension:
Dimension for Modular Bricks
Length (L), mm

Width (W),mm

Height (H),mm

190

90

90

190

90

40

Dimension for Non-Modular Bricks


Length (L), mm

Width (W), mm

Height (H), mm

230

110

70

230

110

30

Uses:
These are used for inferior construction works like aggregate,road metal,water bound ang gravels
for floor works.

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