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Otitis Externa

The document discusses several ENT conditions: 1) Choanal atresia, which is an obstruction of the posterior nasal openings, can be bony or membranous. CT is needed to differentiate the type and guide surgical management. The findings shown indicate bony choanal atresia on the right side. 2) Other ENT conditions mentioned include epistaxis, nasal polyps, sinusitis, acute pharyngitis, retropharyngeal abscess, peritonsillar abscess, thyroglossal duct cyst, branchial cleft cyst, and cystic hygroma.

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Zahra Alaradi
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29 views

Otitis Externa

The document discusses several ENT conditions: 1) Choanal atresia, which is an obstruction of the posterior nasal openings, can be bony or membranous. CT is needed to differentiate the type and guide surgical management. The findings shown indicate bony choanal atresia on the right side. 2) Other ENT conditions mentioned include epistaxis, nasal polyps, sinusitis, acute pharyngitis, retropharyngeal abscess, peritonsillar abscess, thyroglossal duct cyst, branchial cleft cyst, and cystic hygroma.

Uploaded by

Zahra Alaradi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ENT

Otitis Externa:

Otitis Media:

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OME

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Acute mastoiditis:

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Choanal atresia:
-

Axial images show narrowing of right


posterior choana
Findings: There is a severe bony narrowing
seen involving the right choana with retained
secretions in the right nasal cavity. The left
choana is widely patent. Mucosal thickening
is seen in both ethmoid and maxillary sinuses
with opacification of both mastoid air cells.
Both orbits are within normal limits.
Visualized bones are unremarkable.

ENT
.

Choanal Atresia

The posterior choanae (funnel in


Greek), also known as the posterior nasal apertures in English, are the holes that connect the nasal cavity
with the nasopharynx. They are separated by the vomer (plowshare in Latin), the thin flat bone that forms
the posteroinferior portion of the nasal septum.

Choanal atresia refers to the obstruction of one or both of these posterior choanae. This obstruction can be
either bony or membranous. Because babies are obligate nose breathers, bilateral obstruction leads to
severe respiratory distress. Unilateral choanal atresia, on the other hand, is ususally first diagnosed when
the child is older.

The diagnosis can be made in the clinic by failure to pass a nasogastric tube. CT is needed, however, to
differentiate membranous from bony atresia and to define the length of the obstruction, distinctions that
determine the surgical management.

In bony choanal atresia, there is bony narrowing of the posterior choanae, < 3.4 mm (blue arrows);
enlargement of the vomer (pink arrow); and inward bowing and thickening of the lateral walls of the nasal

ENT
cavity (white arrows), which are apposed or fused to the vomer. These findings are not seen in membranous
atresia.

A potential pitfall in estimating the thickness of the membranous atretic segment is the accumulation of
secretions in the nose, which may give a falsely thick appearance of the atretic segment. CT, therefore,
should be done after properly suctioning the nose and applying a topical vasoconstrictor.

ENT
R

Epistaxis:

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Nasal Polyps:

Sinusitis:
CT

Acute pharyngitis:

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-

Bacterial

Retropharyngeal abscess:

Viral

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Peritonsillar abscess:

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Thyroglossal duct cyst:

Branchial cleft cyst:

Cystic hygroma:

ENT

ENT

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