MATHEMATI

CS,
SURVEYI
NG&TRANSPORTATI
ONENGI
NI
RI
NG
(
NOVEMBER2011)
Si
t
uat
i
on1Thepr
obabi
l
i
t
yofeventAhappeni
ngi
s3/
5andt
hepr
obabi
l
i
t
yofeventB
happeni
ngi
s2/
3
1.Whati
st
hepr
obabi
l
i
t
yofbot
hAandBhappeni
ng?
A.3/
5

C.2/
5

B.1/
5

D.4/
5

2.Whati
st
hepr
obabi
l
i
t
yofonl
yeventAhappeni
ngi
.
e.eventAhappeni
ngandeventB
nothappeni
ng?
A.4/
5

C.3/
5

B.1/
5

D.2/
5

3.Whati
st
hepr
obabi
l
i
t
yofei
t
herA,
orB,
orAandBhappeni
ng?
A.11/
15

C.3/
5

B.14/
15

D.13/
15

Si
t
uat
i
on2Answert
hef
ol
l
owi
ngpr
obl
ems:
4.Si
xcongr
uentci
r
cl
esar
ear
r
angedi
naci
r
cl
ewayt
hateachci
r
cl
ei
st
angentt
oatl
east
t
woot
herci
r
cl
es.I
ft
her
adi
usofeachci
r
cl
ei
s2cm,
f
i
ndt
heper
i
met
eroft
hepol
ygon
f
or
medbyconnect
i
ngt
hecent
er
sofeachci
r
cl
es.
A.12cm

C.30cm

B.24cm

D.32cm

5.Whi
choft
hef
ol
l
owi
ngi
s/
ar
ecor
r
ect
?
I
.

si
n(
A)=si
n(
A)

I
I
.

cos(
A)=cos(
A)

I
I
I
.

t
an(
A)=t
an(
A)

A.Ionl
y

C.I&I
I
Ionl
y

B.I
Ionl
y

D.I&I
Ionl
y

6.Asol
i
dr
ect
angul
arbl
ockhasavol
umeof30cm3.I
fal
lsi
demeasur
ear
ei
nt
eger
s,
whi
choft
hef
ol
l
owi
ngi
st
hel
eastpossi
bl
esur
f
acear
ea?
A.92

C.86

B.82

D.62

Si
t
uat
i
on3Answert
hef
ol
l
owi
ngpr
obl
ems:
7.Whati
st
hedi
st
ancebet
weent
hei
nt
er
cept
soft
hel
i
nex+2y6=0?
A.6.
231

C.8.
639

B.6.
708

D.5.
449

8.I
f|
x38|5,
f
i
ndt
her
angeofval
uesofx.
A. 3x13

C. 3x13

B. 3x13

D. 3x13

STRUCTURALENGI
NI
RI
NG&CONSTRUCTI
ON
(
NOVEMBER2011)
Si
t
uat
i
on1Al
oadofW =30kNi
sl
i
f
t
ed
t
hr
oughaboom BCDasshowni
nt
hef
i
gur
e.
Theboom makesanangl
eof60wi
t
ht
he
ver
t
i
cal
.Negl
ectt
hewei
ghtoft
heboom and
f
ort
hi
spr
obl
em,
L1=L2=2m.Thepul
l
eyatDi
s
f
r
i
ct
i
onl
ess.

1.Det
er
mi
net
heangl
e.
A.40

C.45

B.35

D.30

2.Whati
st
het
ensi
oni
ncabl
eACi
nkN?
A.51.
96

C.34.
89

B.25.
36

D.43.
21

3.Whati
st
het
ot
alr
eact
i
onatBi
nkN?
A.54.
77

C.17.
32

B.43.
21

D.51.
96

Si
t
uat
i
on2Thest
r
utshowni
nt
hef
i
gur
ecar
r
i
esanaxi
all
oadofP=148kN.

4.

Det
er
mi
net
hebear
i
ng

st
r
essbet
weent
hepi
nandt
hest
r
ut
:
A.463MPa

C.285MPa

B.345MPa

D.563MPa

5.Det
er
mi
net
heshear
i
ngst
r
essi
nt
hepi
n.
A.286MPa

C.321MPa

B.368MPa

D.341MPa

6.Det
er
mi
net
heshear
i
ngst
r
essi
nt
hebol
t
s
A.159.
4MPa

C.123.
9MPa

B.196.
4MPa

D.167.
3MPa

Si
t
uat
i
on3Thecol
umnshowni
nt
hef
i
gur
ei
sl
oaded
wi
t
haver
t
i
call
oadP=3kNandal
at
er
al
l
oadH=0.
45
kN.Thecol
umni
s3m hi
ghandi
smadeofst
eel
wi
t
h
300mm out
erdi
amet
er
,
6mm t
hi
ckandwei
ghs150
N/
m.

7.Whati
st
hemaxi
mum st
r
essatt
hebaseduet
o
t
hel
oadP?
A.1.
78MPa
B.1.
37MPa
C.2.
54MPa

D.0.
87MPa
8.Whati
st
hemaxi
mum st
r
essatt
hebaseduet
ot
hel
at
er
all
oad?
A.4.
76MPa

C.3.
46MPa

B.5.
28MPa

D.2.
89MPa

9.I
ft
hecol
umni
sasol
i
dt
i
mberwi
t
hadi
amet
erof250mm,
whati
st
hemaxi
mum
shear
i
ngst
r
essatt
hebase?
A.0.
089MPa

C.0.
045MPa

B.0.
164MPa

D.0.
012MPa

Si
t
uat
i
on4Thef
r
ameshowni
nt
hef
i
gur
ei
sact
eduponbywi
ndl
oadpr
essur
eof1.
44kPa.
Thesef
r
amesar
espaced6m apar
tnor
mal
t
opaper
.Consi
dert
her
ol
l
ersuppor
tatBandt
he
j
oi
ntatDaspi
n.
10.Det
er
mi
net
hehor
i
zont
alcomponentoft
her
eact
i
onatA.
A.35.
7kN

C.18.
3kN

B.26.
5kN

D.12.
7kN

11.Det
er
mi
net
hever
t
i
calcomponentoft
her
eact
i
onatA.
A.23.
9kN

C.18.
5kN

B.20.
2kN

D.16.
3kN

12.Det
er
mi
net
hehor
i
zont
alcomponentoft
her
eact
i
onatB.
A.26.
5kN

C.12.
7kN

B.18.
3kN

D.35.
7kN

Si
t
uat
i
on5Thesheetpi
l
eshowni
nt
he
f
i
gur
ei
s pr
ovi
ded wi
t
ht
ensi
on r
ods
spaced 3 met
er
s apar
t
.The wooden
st
r
i
nger
shasd=300mm andcanbe
consi
der
ed si
mpl
y suppor
t
ed ateach
connect
i
ont
ot
het
ensi
onr
od.Al
l
owabl
e
bendi
ng and shear
i
ng st
r
esses oft
he
st
r
i
ngerar
e 14.
7 MPa and 1.
48 MPa,
r
espect
i
vel
y.

13.Whati
st
hedesi
gnmomentof
t
hest
r
i
nger
?
A.54.
8kNm

C.42.
4kNm

B.74.
4kNm

D.63.
9kNm

14.Whati
st
heval
ueofst
r
i
ngerwi
dt
h
bbasedont
hebendi
ng?
A.192mm

C.290mm

B.249mm

D.338mm

15.Whati
st
heval
ueofst
r
i
ngerwi
dt
h
bbasedonshear
?
A.321mm

B.235mm

C.288mm

D.254mm

Si
t
uat
i
on6The6m l
ongpr
est
r
essedcant
i
l
everbeam showni
nt
hef
i
gur
ecar
r
i
esa
concent
r
at
edl
i
vel
oadof18kNatt
hef
r
eeendandauni
f
or
m deadl
oadduet
oi
t
sownwei
ght
.
3
Uni
twei
ghtofconcr
et
ei
s20kN/
m .Thest
r
andsar
e12mm i
ndi
amet
erwi
t
ht
ot
alpr
est
r
essi
ng
f
or
ceof540kNappl
i
edataneccent
r
i
ci
t
y
eabovet
heneut
r
alaxi
soft
hecr
osssect
i
on.
16.Whati
st
hemaxi
mum st
r
ess(
MPa)i
nt
hebot
t
om f
i
beroft
hebeam att
hef
r
eeend
whent
heeccent
r
i
ci
t
ye=0?
A.7.
86

C.2.
25

B.13.
45

D.10.
35

17.Whati
st
hest
r
essi
nt
het
opf
i
beroft
hebeam att
hef
i
xedendwhent
heeccent
r
i
ci
t
ye
=100mm?
A.+5.
4MPa

C.+8.
1MPa

B.+6.
3MPa

D.+3.
6MPa

18.Whati
st
her
equi
r
edeccent
r
i
ci
t
yesucht
hatt
hest
r
essi
nt
het
opf
i
beroft
hebeam at
t
hef
i
xedendi
szer
o?
A.230mm

C.200mm

B.160mm

D.260mm

Si
t
uat
i
on7Rei
nf
or
cedconcr
et
ebeamshavi
ngwi
dt
hsof400mm andover
al
ldept
hsof600
mm ar
espaced3met
er
sont
hecent
er
sasshowni
nt
hef
i
gur
e.Thesebeamssuppor
ta100
mm t
hi
cksl
ab.Thesuper
i
mposedl
oadsont
hesebeamsar
easf
ol
l
ows:
Deadl
oad(
i
ncl
.f
l
oorf
i
ni
sh,
cei
l
i
ng,
et
c.
)
.
3.
2kPa
Li
vel
oad.
.
3.
6kPa

Thecol
umnsEandHar
eomi
t
t
edsucht
hatt
hegi
r
derBEHKsuppor
t
st
hebeamsDEFatEand
GHIatH.AssumeEI=const
antf
oral
lbeams.Uni
twei
ghtofconcr
et
ei
s24kN/
m3.
19.Det
er
mi
net
hef
act
or
eduni
f
or
ml
oadonbeam GHI
,
i
nkN/
m.
A.47.
71

C.67.
21

B.56.
98

D.41.
23

20.Det
er
mi
net
hemaxi
mum f
act
or
edshear(
i
nkN)i
nbeam GHIassumi
ngt
hatGandIar
e
f
i
xedandHi
shi
nge.
A.143.
2

C.121.
1

B.178.
9

D.98.
4

21.Det
er
mi
net
hemaxi
mum f
act
or
edposi
t
i
vemoment(
i
nkNm)i
nbeam GHassumi
ng
t
hatGandIar
ef
i
xedandHi
shi
nge.
A.213

C.154

B.187

D.112

Si
t
uat
i
on8Channelsect
i
onsar
eusedaspur
l
i
n.Thet
opchor
dsoft
het
r
ussar
esl
oped4Ht
o
1V.Thet
r
ussesar
espaced6m oncent
erandt
hepur
l
i
nsar
espaced1.
2m oncent
er
s.
Loads:
Deadl
oad=720Pa

Li
vel
oad=1000Pa
Wi
ndl
oad=1400Pa
Wi
ndCoef
f
i
ci
ent
s:
Wi
ndwar
d=+0.
2
Leewar
d=-0.
6
Pr
oper
t
i
esofC200x76
Sx=6.
19x104mm3
Sy=1.
38x104mm3
Wei
ght
,
w=79N/
m
Al
l
owabl
ebendi
ngst
r
ess,
Fx=Fy=207MPa
22.Det
er
mi
net
hecomput
edbendi
ngst
r
ess,
f
duet
ot
hecombi
nat
i
onofdeadandl
i
ve
bx,
l
oadsonl
y.
A.196MPa

C.123MPa

B.176MPa

D.151MPa

23.Det
er
mi
net
hecomput
edbendi
ngst
r
ess,
f
duet
ot
hecombi
nat
i
onofdeadandl
i
ve
by,
l
oadsonl
y
A.169MPa

C.143MPa

B.123MPa

D.103MPa

24.Det
er
mi
net
heval
ueoft
hei
nt
er
act
i
onequat
i
onusi
ngt
hel
oadcombi
nat
i
onof0.
75(
D+
L+W)att
hewi
ndwar
dsi
de.
A.0.
87

C.1.
25

B.1.
59

D.1.
87

Si
t
uat
i
on9Thecol
umnshowni
nt
hef
i
gur
ei
ssubj
ect
edt
oshearf
or
cepar
al
l
elt
ot
he600
mm si
de.Al
l
owabl
econcr
et
eshearst
r
essf
orshearpar
al
l
elt
ot
he600mm si
dei
s0.
816MPa.
Concr
et
est
r
engt
hf

1MPaandst
eel
st
r
engt
hf
orbot
hl
ongi
t
udi
nalandconf
i
ni
ng
c=2
r
ei
nf
or
cement
si
s415MPa.Thet
i
esar
eal
l12mm i
ndi
amet
erwi
t
hcl
earcoverof40mm.
25.Det
er
mi
net
hef
act
or
edshearf
or
ceVut
hatt
hecol
umncanr
esi
sti
ft
henomi
nal
shear
st
r
engt
hpr
ovi
dedbyt
het
i
esi
s375kN.

A.378

C.467

B.426

D.532

26.I
ft
het
i
esar
espacedat225mm oncent
er
s,
whati
st
hemaxi
mum val
ueofVui
nkN?
A.472

B.421

C.335

D.389

27.I
ft
hef
act
or
edshearf
or
cepar
al
l
el
t
ot
he600mm si
dei
s400kN,
det
er
mi
net
he
r
equi
r
edspaci
ngoft
r
ansver
ser
ei
nf
or
cementi
naccor
dancewi
t
ht
hepr
ovi
si
onf
or
sei
smi
cdesi
gn.
A.126mm

C.241mm

B.164mm

D.100mm

5.
21.
4Speci
alPr
ovi
si
onf
orSei
smi
cDesi
gn
5.
21.
4.
4Tr
ansver
seRei
nf
or
cement
5.
21.
4.
4.
1Tr
ansver
ser
ei
nf
or
cementasspeci
f
i
edbel
owshal
lbepr
ovi
dedunl
essal
ar
ge
amounti
sr
equi
r
edbySec.5.
21.
7
(
1)Thevol
umet
r
i
cr
at
i
oofspi
r
al
orci
r
cul
arhoopr
ei
nf
or
cement
,
s,
shal
lnotbel
ess
t
hant
hati
ndi
cat
edby:
s=0.
12f

f
c/
yh

212

andshal
lnotbel
esst
han

Ag

(A -1)f

s=0.
45

f
'
c

105

(
2)Thet
ot
alcr
osssect
i
onal
ar
eaofr
ect
angul
arhoopr
ei
nf
or
cementshal
lnotbel
ess
t
hant
hatgi
venby:

shcf
'
g
cA
1
f
c
yh A

( )

Ash=0.
3

shcf
'
c

Ash=0.
9

f
yh

213

214

(
3)Tr
ansver
ser
ei
nf
or
cementshal
l
bepr
ovi
dedbyei
t
hersi
ngl
eorover
l
appi
nghoops.
Cr
osst
i
esoft
hesamebarsi
zeandspaci
ngast
hehoopmaybeused.Eachendoft
he
cr
osst
i
eshal
lengageaper
i
pher
al
l
ongi
t
udi
nalr
ei
nf
or
ci
ngbar
.Consecut
i
vecr
osst
i
es
shal
lbeal
t
er
nat
edendf
orendal
ongt
hel
ongi
t
udi
nalr
ei
nf
or
cement
.
(
4)I
ft
hedesi
gnoft
hemembercor
esat
i
sf
i
est
her
equi
r
ementoft
hespeci
f
i
edl
oadi
ng
combi
nat
i
onsi
ncl
udi
ngear
t
hquakeef
f
ect
,
Eq.(
213)and(
105)neednott
obesat
i
sf
i
ed.
5.
21.
4.
4.
2Tr
ansver
ser
ei
nf
or
cementshal
l
bespacedatdi
st
ancenotexceedi
ng(
a)onequar
t
er
oft
hemi
ni
mum memberdi
mensi
on,
(
b)si
xt
i
mest
hedi
amet
erofl
ongi
t
udi
nalr
ei
nf
or
cement
,
and(
c)asdef
i
nedbyEq.215

350hx
3

sx=100 +

215

Theval
ueofsxshal
lnotexceed150mm andneednotbet
akenl
esst
han100mm.
Wher
e:
Ach=cr
osssect
i
onalar
eaofast
r
uct
ur
al
membermeasur
edout
t
ooutoft
r
ansver
se
2
r
ei
nf
or
cement
,
mm
Ash=t
ot
alcr
osssect
i
onal
ar
eaoft
r
ansver
ser
ei
nf
or
cement(
i
ncl
udi
ngcr
osst
i
es)wi
t
hi
n
spaci
ngsandper
pendi
cul
art
odi
mensi
onhc
f
peci
f
i
edyi
el
dst
r
engt
hoft
r
ansver
ser
ei
nf
or
cement
,
MPa
yh=s
hc=cr
osssect
i
onaldi
mensi
onofcol
umncor
emeasur
edcent
er
t
ocent
erofout
erl
egs
oft
het
r
ansver
ser
ei
nf
or
cementcompr
i
si
ngar
eaAsh,
mm
hx=maxi
mum hor
i
zont
al
spaci
ngofhoopofcr
osst
i
el
egsonal
lf
acesofcol
umn,
mm
s=spaci
ngoft
r
ansver
ser
ei
nf
or
cementmeasur
edal
ongt
hel
ongi
t
udi
nalaxi
soft
he
st
r
uct
ur
almember
,
mm
Si
t
uat
i
on10Thegi
r
derABshowni
nt
hef
i
gur
ei
ssubj
ect
edt
ot
or
si
onalmomentf
r
om t
he
l
oadsont
hecant
i
l
everf
r
ame.Thef
ol
l
owi
ngf
act
or
edf
or
cesar
ecomput
edf
r
om t
hi
sbeam:
Fact
or
edmoment
,
Mu=440kNm
Fact
or
edshear
,
Vu=280kN
Fact
or
edt
or
que,
Tu=180kNm
Thegi
r
derhasawi
dt
hof400mm andanover
al
l
dept
hof500mm.Concr
et
ecoveri
s40mm.
Thecent
r
oi
dofl
ongi
t
udi
nalbar
soft
hegi
r
derar
epl
aced65mm f
r
om t
heext
r
emeconcr
et
e
f
i
ber
s.Concr
et
est
r
engt
hf

0.
7MPaandst
eel
yi
el
dst
r
engt
hf
orl
ongi
t
udi
nalbar
si
sf
c =2
y=
415MPa.Use12mm Ust
i
r
r
upswi
t
hf
75MPa.Al
l
owabl
eshearst
r
essi
nconcr
et
ei
s0.
76
yt=2

MPa.
28.Det
er
mi
net
her
equi
r
edar
eaoft
ensi
onr
ei
nf
or
cementoft
hegi
r
der
,
i
nmm2.
A.4,
154

C.3,
873

B.2,
732

D.3,
313

29.Det
er
mi
net
hespaci
ngoft
r
ansver
ser
ei
nf
or
cementduet
oVu.
A.137mm

C.98mm

B.167mm

D.185mm
2

30.Det
er
mi
net
headdi
t
i
onal
ar
eaofl
ongi
t
udi
nal
r
ei
nf
or
cementt
or
esi
stt
or
si
on,
i
nmm .
A.3,
850

C.2,
850

B.3,
420

D.4,
120

Code:
1. Thr
eshol
dt
or
si
on:ForNonpr
est
r
essedmember
s,
i
tshal
lbeper
mi
t
t
edt
onegl
ectt
or
si
on
ef
f
ect
si
ft
hef
act
or
edt
or
si
onal
momentTui
sl
esst
han:

Tu<

12

(P )

'
c

Acp2
cp

2. Tor
si
onalmomentst
r
engt
h:Theadequacyofsol
i
dsect
i
onsundercombi
nedshearand
t
or
si
onshal
lbesucht
hat
:

TuPh 2
Vu 2
Vc 2 '
( ) +(
)
+ f
c
1.
7Aoh
bwd
bwd 3

3. Wher
eTuexceedst
het
hr
eshol
dt
or
si
on,
desi
gnofcr
osssect
i
onshal
lbebasedon:

TnTu

2AoAtf
yt
cot
s

Tu=

Wher
eAoshal
lbedet
er
mi
nedbyanal
ysi
sexceptt
hati
sshal
lbeper
mi
t
t
edt
ot
akeAo
equalt
o0.
85Aoh;shal
lnotbet
akensmal
l
ert
han30degr
eesnorl
ar
gert
han60degr
ees.
I
tshal
lbeper
mi
t
t
edt
ot
akeequal
t
o:

(
a) 45degr
eesf
ornonpr
est
r
essedmember
sormember
swi
t
hl
esspr
est
r
esst
han
i
n(
b)
;or

(
b) 37.
5degr
eesf
orpr
est
r
essedmember
swi
t
hanef
f
ect
i
vepr
est
r
essf
or
cenot
l
esst
han40per
centoft
het
ensi
l
est
r
engt
hoft
hel
ongi
t
udi
nalr
ei
nf
or
cement
.

4. Theaddi
t
i
onalar
eaofl
ongi
t
udi
nal
r
ei
nf
or
cementt
or
esi
stt
or
si
on,
Al,
shal
lnotbel
ess
t
han:

()

A f
yt
2
cot

s f
y

Al= tph

5. Mi
ni
mum t
or
si
onr
ei
nf
or
cement
:Wher
et
or
si
onalr
ei
nf
or
cementi
sr
equi
r
ed,
t
he
mi
ni
mum ar
eaoft
r
ansver
secl
osedst
i
r
r
upsshal
lbecomput
edby:

bw s

Av+2At=0.
062 f
'
c

f
yt

butshal
l
notbel
esst
han(
0.
35bws)
/
f
yt

6. Wher
et
or
si
onalr
ei
nf
or
cementi
sr
equi
r
ed,
t
hemi
ni
mum t
ot
alar
eaofl
ongi
t
udi
nal
t
or
si
onalr
ei
nf
or
cement
,
Almin,
shal
l
becomput
edby:

()

'
5f
cp A
cA
yt
t f
Almin=
- ph
s f
12f
y
y

7. Spaci
ngoft
or
si
onr
ei
nf
or
cement
:Thespaci
ngort
r
ansver
set
or
si
onr
ei
nf
or
cementshal
l
notexceedt
hesmal
l
erofph/
8or300mm.
Thel
ongi
t
udi
nalr
ei
nf
or
cementr
equi
r
edf
ort
or
si
onshal
lbedi
st
r
i
but
edar
oundt
he
per
i
met
eroft
hecl
osedst
i
r
r
upswi
t
hamaxi
mum spaci
ngof300mm.Thel
ongi
t
udi
nal
bar
sort
endonsshal
lbei
nsi
det
hest
i
r
r
ups.Ther
eshal
lbeatl
eastonel
ongi
t
udi
nalbaror
t
endoni
neachcor
neroft
hest
i
r
r
ups.Longi
t
udi
nalbar
sshal
lhaveadi
amet
eratl
east
0.
042t
i
mest
hest
i
r
r
upspaci
ng,
butnotl
esst
hanaNo.10.
Wher
e:
Acp
Al
Ao
Aoh
At
f
yt
Pcp
ph

ar
eaencl
osedbyout
si
deper
i
met
erofconcr
et
ecr
osssect
i
on,
mm2
t
ot
alar
eaofl
ongi
t
udi
nal
r
ei
nf
or
cementt
or
esi
stt
or
si
on,
mm2
gr
ossar
eaencl
osedbyshearf
l
owpat
h,
mm2
ar
eaencl
osedbycent
er
l
i
neoft
heout
er
mostcl
osedt
r
ansver
set
or
si
onal
2
r
ei
nf
or
cement
,
mm
ar
eaofonel
egofacl
osedst
i
r
r
upr
esi
st
i
ngt
or
si
onwi
t
hi
nspaci
ngs,
mm2
speci
f
i
edyi
el
dst
r
engt
hf
yoft
r
ansver
ser
ei
nf
or
cement
,
MPa
-out
si
deper
i
met
erofconcr
et
ecr
osssect
i
on,
mm
per
i
met
erofcent
er
l
i
neofout
er
mostcl
osedt
r
ansver
set
or
si
onal
r
ei
nf
or
cement
,
mm

*
*
*END*
*
*
AnswerKey:
1D

6A

11B

16C

21D

26C

2B

7B

12C

17D

22D

27D

3A

8C

13D

18D

23A

28D

4A

9D

14C

19A

24C

29A

5B

10A

15C

20B

25C

30B

Sol
ut
i
ons
Si
t
uat
i
on1

Si
ncepul
l
eyi
sf
r
i
ct
i
onl
ess,
t
het
ensi
onsatsl
ackandt
i
ghtsi
desar
eequal
.
T=W =30kN
Byi
nspect
i
on,
=30
a=2sec30=2.
309m

d=4t
an30=2.
309m

Consi
der
i
ngt
heFBDoft
heboom:
MB =0
Tcsi
n60xa+Txd=Tx4
Tc=25.
359kN
FH =0

BH =Tccos30+T
BH =51.
962kN

FV =0

BV =T-Tcsi
n30
BV =17.
321kN

RB = BH2 +BV2

2
2
RB = (
+(
51.
962)
17.
321)
RB =54.
772kN

Si
t
uat
i
on2
P=148kN
Par
t1:Bear
i
ngst
r
essbet
weent
hepi
nandst
r
ut
:
Bear
i
ngar
ea;Ap=2x(
Dpin)
(
t
)
st
r
ut
Ap=2x(
16)
(
10)
2
Ap=320mm

P
f
p=

Ap

148,
000
320

f
p=

f
62.
5MPa
p=4

Par
t2:Shear
i
ngst
r
essi
npi
n:(
doubl
eshear
)

2
Shear
i
ngar
ea,
AV =2x(
16)
=804.
248mm2
4
Shearf
or
ce, PV =P=148kN

PV

f
V=

AV

148,
000
f
p=

402.
124

f
68.
05MPa
p=3
Par
t3:Shear
i
ngst
r
essi
nbol
t
s:
2
Shear
i
ngar
ea,
AV =2x(
16)
=804.
248mm2
4
Shearf
or
ce,PV =Pcos30
Pv=148cos30
Pv=128.
172kN

PV

f
V=

AV

128,
172
f
p=

804.
248

f
159.
4MPa
p=
Si
t
uat
i
on3
Par
t
sIandI
I
:
Out
erdi
amet
er
,
Do=300mm
I
nnerdi
amet
er
,
Di=288mm
Ar
ea,
A=(
30022882)=5,
541.
77mm2
4
Momentofi
ner
t
i
a,
I= (
30042884)=59.
901x106mm4
64
Momentduet
oP,
Mp=Pxe=3x0.
1=0.
3kNm
Momentatbaseduet
oH,
MH =HxL=0.
45x3=1.
35kNm
Wei
ghtofcol
umn,
W =wxL=150x3=450N
St
r
essduet
ocol
umnwei
ght
:

W
A

f
1= -

450
5541.
77

f
1= -

f
0.
081MPa
1=-

St
r
essduet
oPal
one:

P Mpc
f
2= - A I

3x106(
150)
3000 0.
f
2= 5541.
77 59.
901x106
f
1.
293MPa
2=-

St
r
essduet
ol
at
er
all
oadHal
one:
6
Mpc 0.
1
0
3x
(
150)
f
f
2= 2=
I
59.
901x106

f
3.
381MPa
2=Par
t1:
Maxi
mum basest
r
essduet
oP:
f
0.
0811.
293=1.
374MPa
max=Par
t2:
Maxi
mum basest
r
essduet
ol
at
er
al
l
oad:
f
0.
0813.
381=-3.
462MPa
max=Par
t3:
Shear
,
V=H=450N
Di
amet
er
,
D=250mm,
r=125mm

4V
Shearst
r
ess,
f
V=

2
3r

f
V=

4(
450)

2
125)
3(

f
.
012MPa
V =0
Si
t
uat
i
on4

Bay,
s=6m
w=cxpxs
w1=0.
08(
1.
44)
(
6)
w1=6.
912kN/
m
w3=0.
5(
1.
44)
(
6)

w2=0.
1(
1.
44)
(
6)
w2=0.
864kN/
m
w3=4.
32kN/
m

w4=0.
4(
1.
44)
(
6)
=ar
ct
an(
2/
6)
=18.
435

w4=3.
456kN/
m

F1=w1x4=27.
648kN
F2=w2x6.
325=5.
464kN
F2x=F2si
n=1.
728kN
F2y=F2cos=5.
184kN
F4=w4x4=13.
824kN

F3=w3x6.
325=27.
322kN
F3x=F3si
n=8.
64kN
F3y=F3cos=25.
92kN

MA =0

F1(
2)+F4(
2)+F3x(
5)=BV(
12)+F2x(
5)+F2y(
3)
+F3y(
9)
27.
648(
2)+13.
824(
2)+8.
64(
5)=12BV +1.
728(
5)
+5.
184(
3)
+25.
92(
9)
BV =-10.
944kN(
downwar
d)

FV =0

AV +BV +F2y+F3y=0
AV =-20.
16kN(
downwar
d)

MDright=0
(
Seef
i
gur
ebel
ow)
F3(
3.
162)+F4(
4)+BH(
6)+BV(
6)=0
27.
322(
3.
162)+13.
824(
4)+BH(
6)+(
10.
944)
(
6)=0
BH =-12.
672kN(
t
ot
hel
ef
t
)
FH =0(
ent
i
r
ef
r
ame)
AH +BH +F1+F4F2x+F3x=0
AH +(
12.
672)+27.
648+13.
8241.
728+8.
64=0
AH =35.
712kN(
t
ot
hel
ef
t
)

Si
t
uat
i
on5

F1=1 KasoilH2xL F1=1

2
(
1/
3)
(
17.
3)
(
5.
4)
(
3)

F1=252.
234kN
y1=(
2.
1+3.
3)
/
3=1.
8m
2
F2= 1 KawaterH2xLF2=1 (
9.
8)
(
2.
7)
(
3)
2
2
F2=107.
136kN
y2=(
2.
7)
/
3=0.
9m

Mpin=0

T(
2.
1)+F2y2=F1y1
T=107.
274kN

Fr
om t
hebeam di
agr
am shown:
R=T/
2=85.
137kN
R=wL/
2
w=2R/
L
w=2(
85.
137)
/
3
w=56.
758kN/
M
2
3)
56.
758(

Mmax=wL

Mmax=

Mmax=63.
853kNm
Vmax=R=85.
137kN

6M Fb
f
b=
bd2

3V FV
f
V=
2bd

6(
63.
853x106)=14.
7
2
300)
b(

b=289.
6m

3(
85,
137)=1.
48
2b(
300)

b=287.
6m
Si
t
uat
i
on6
wD =cxbh

wD =20x(
0.
4)
(
0.
6)
wD =4.
8kN/
m

Momentatf
i
xedend;M =18(
6)+4.
8(
6)
(
3)
M =194.
4kNm

Ps

f
pa= -

Axi
alst
r
essduet
opr
est
r
essi
ngf
or
ce,

540,
000
f
pa=400(
600)
Fpa=-2.
25MPa

6Pse

St
r
essduet
oeccent
r
i
cposi
t
i
onofPs;f
pe=

bh2

bh

f
0.
0225e(
)f
ort
opf
i
ber
pe=

6M

St
r
essduet
omoment
,
f
M=

(
+)f
ort
opf
i
ber

bh2

Par
t1:St
r
essi
nbot
t
om f
i
beratt
hef
r
eeendoft
hebeam
whene=0
Si
nceM =0att
hef
r
eeend,
f
2.
25MPa
bot=(
uni
f
or
mi
nt
heent
i
r
ecr
osssect
i
on)
Par
t2:St
r
essi
nt
het
opf
i
beratf
i
xedendwhene=100mm:
M =194.
4kNm

M
f
2.
25-0.
0225e+6
t
op=-

bh2

6
1
0
6
(
1
9
4
.
4x
)
=2.
250.
0225(
100)+

f
t
op

2
600)
400(

f
.
6MPa
t
op=+3
Par
t3:Val
ueof
esucht
hatt
hest
r
essi
nt
het
opf
i
beratf
i
xedendi
szer
o:

6M
f
2.
250.
0225e+
t
op=-

bh2
6(
194.
4x106)

0=2.
250.
0225e+

2
600)
400(

e=260mm
Si
t
uat
i
on7
Uni
twei
ghtofconcr
et
e,
m3
c=24kN/
Deadl
oadpr
essur
e=3.
2kPa
Li
vel
oadPr
essur
e=3.
6kPa
Wei
ghtofbeam:
wb=cAc
Wei
ghtofsl
ab:
ps=ct

wb=24(
0.
4)
(
0.
6)
wb=5.
76kN/
m
ps=24(
0.
1)
ps=2.
4kPa

Fact
or
edf
l
oorpr
essur
e:
pu=1.
4(
3.
2+2.
4)+1.
7(
3.
6)
pu=13.
96kPa
Equi
val
entl
oadonbeam duet
of
act
or
edpr
essur
e:
pus s2
(
(
13.
96)
3) 3 2
x2
wu1=
33- x2 wu1=
L
6
6
7.
5
wu1=39.
646kN/
m

[ ( )]

[ ()]

Tot
alf
act
or
eduni
f
or
ml
oad(
i
ncl
udi
ngbeam wei
ght
)
wu=1.
4(
5.
76)+39.
646
wu=47.
71kN/
m
Par
t1

w L2
MomentatG,
MG = - u
12

2
47.
71(
7.
5)
MG = 12
MG =-223.
643kNm

React
i
onatG,
RG =1 wuL RG =1 (
47.
71)
(
7.
5)
2
2
RG =178.
91kN
Maxi
mum f
act
or
edsheari
nbeam GHI
,
Vmax=RG =178.
91kN
Maxi
mum posi
t
i
vemomenti
nbeam GH:
2
M =wuL
24

2
71(
7.
5)
M =47.
24

M =111.
82kNm
Si
t
uat
i
on8
Deadl
oadpr
essur
e=720
Pa
Li
vel
oadpr
essur
e=1000
Pa
Wi
nd=1400Pa

Beam wei
ght=79N/
m
Fbx=207MPa
Fby=207MPa
=ar
ct
an(
1/
4)
=14.
036

Wi
ndcoef
f
i
ci
ent
:
Wi
ndwar
dcoef
f
i
ci
ent=0.
2
Leewar
dcoef
f
i
ci
ent=0.
6
Deadl
oad;

wD =720(
1.
2)+79
wD =943N/
m

Li
vel
oad;

wL=1000(
1.
2)
wL=1200N/
m

Wi
ng:

www =1400(
1.
2)
(
0.
2)
www =336N/
m
wlw =1400(
1.
2)
(
0.
6)
wlw =1008N/
m

Par
t1:Duet
odeadandl
i
vel
oadonl
y
wN=(
wD +wL)cos

wN =(
943+1200)cos14.
036
wN =2079.
015N/
m

wT=(
wD +wL)si
n

wT=(
943+1200)si
n14.
036
wT=519.
754N/
m
2
6)
2079.
015(

w L2
Mx= N
8

Mx=

Mx=9.
356kNm
Mx
f
bx=
Sx

9.
356x106

f
bx=

6.
19x104
f
51.
14.
MPa
bx=1

w L2
My= T
8

2
6)
519.
754(

My=

My=2.
339kNm

My
f
by=
Sy

6
1
0
2
.
3
3
9x
f=
by

1.
38x104

f
69.
485MPa
by=1
Par
t2:Dead+Li
ve+Wi
ndonwi
ndwar
dsi
de
wN2=0.
75(
wN +www)
wN =0.
75(
2079.
015+336)
wN =1811.
262N/
m
wT2=0.
75(
wT)

wT=0.
75(
519.
754)
wT=389.
815N/
m
2
6)
1811.
262(

w L2
Mx= N2
8

Mx=

Mx=8.
151kNm
Mx
f
bx=
Sx

8.
151x106

f
bx=

6.
19x104
f
31.
675MPa
bx=1
2
6)
389.
815(

w L2
My= T2
8

My=

My=1.
754kNm
My
f
by=
Sy

6
1
0
1
.
7
5
4x
f=
by

1.
38x104

f
27.
114MPa
by=1
f
bx f
by
131.
675 127.
114
+ =
+
=1.
25
Fbx
Fby
207
207
Si
t
uat
i
on9
bw =400mm f
15MPa
y=4
h=600mm
Al
l
owabl
eshearst
r
essofconcr
et
e,
Fvc=0.
816MPa
f

1MPa
c=2
Reduct
i
onf
act
or
, =0.
085

Ef
f
ect
i
vedept
h,
d=60040120.
5(
0.
25)
Ef
f
ect
i
vedept
h,
d=535.
5mm
Shearst
r
engt
hpr
ovi
dedbyconcr
et
e,
Vc=Fvcbw d
Shearst
r
engt
hpr
ovi
dedbyconcr
et
e,
Vc=0.
0816(
400)
(
535.
5)
Shearst
r
engt
hpr
ovi
dedbyconcr
et
e,
Vc=174.
787kN
Par
t1:
Vs=375kN
Vn=Vc+Vs

Vn=174.
787+375
Vn=549.
787

Vu= Vn

Vu=0.
85(
549.
787)
Vu=467.
319kN

Par
t2:
s=225mm
2
Av=3x(
12)
=339.
29mm2
4

Avf
yd
s

Vs=

339.
29(
415)
(
535.
5)

Vs=

225

Vs=335.
12kN
Vn=Vc+Vs

Vs=174.
787+335.
12
Vs=509.
906kN

Vu= Vn

Vu=0.
85(
509.
906)
Vu=433.
42kN

Par
t3:
Vu=400kN
Vs=VuVc

Vs=400174.
787
Vs=225.
213kN

Avf
yd

s=

339.
29(
415)
(
535.
5)

s=

Vs

225.
213

s=334.
8mm
Requi
r
ement
sf
orSei
smi
cDesi
gn:
Ach=(
6002x40)
(
400-2x40)=166,
400mm2
Ag=600x400=240,
000mm2
2
Ash=3x(
12)
=339.
29mm2
4
hc=4002(
40)12=308mm

shcf
'
g
cA
1
f
c
yh A

( )

3
Ash=0.

s(
308)
(
21)240,
000
1
415 166,
400

339.
29=0.
3

s=164mm

s(
308)
(
21)

shcf
'
c

Ash=0.
9

339.
29=0.
9

f
yh

415

s=242mm
Mi
ni
mum r
equi
r
ementaccor
di
ngt
oSect
i
on5.
21.
4.
4.
2:
a)b/
4=100mm
b)6(
25)=150mm

350-hx

c)100+

hx=(
6002x40)(
12)+(
25)+(
12)
hx=272.
5mm

350-hx=126mm

100+

Ther
ef
or
e,
usess=100mm
Si
t
uat
i
on10
Mu=440kNm
Vu=280kN
Tu=180kNm

cover=40mm
f

0.
7MPa
c=2
f
15MPa
y=4

b=400mm
f
75MPa
yt=2
h=500mm
Bardi
amet
er
,
d=12mm
Al
l
owabl
eshearst
r
essi
nconcr
et
e,
Fvc=0.
76MPa
Ef
f
ect
i
vedept
h,
d=50065=435mm
Par
t1:
Mu=440kNm
'
0.
85f
00
c
16

b=

f
600 +f
y(
y)

0.
85(
20.
7)
(
0.
85)
(
600)

b=

415(
600 +415)

b=0.
0213
max=0.
75b=0.
01598

maxf
y

max=

'
c

=0.
3203

f
Rnmax=f

10.
59)
c(

Rnmax=20.
7(
0.
3203)
[
10.
59(
0.
3203)
]
Rnmax=5.
378MPa

Mnmax=Rnmaxbd2

2
Mnmax=5.
378(
400)
(
435)
Mnmax=407kNm

Mnmax=0.
90(
407)=366.
32
Si
nceMu> Mumax,
t
hebeam mustbedoubl
yr
ei
nf
or
ced
Mu1= Mumax=407kNm
Mu=Mu1+Mu2

440=366.
32+Mu2
Mu2=73.
68kNm

Tensi
onst
eelar
ea,
As=As1+As2
As1=maxbd

As1=0.
01598(
400)
(
435)
2
As1=2,
780mm

Mu2=T2(
dd
)

73.
678x106=As2(
415)
(
435-65)
2
As2=533mm

As=2,
780+533=3,
313mm2
Par
t2:
Vu=280kN

2
Av=2x(
12)
=226.
2mm2

Vu

80
Vn=2

Vn=

0.
85

Vn=329.
412kN
Vc=Fvcbw d

Vc=0.
76(
400)
(
435)
Vc=132.
24kN

Vs=VnVc

Vs=329.
24132.
24
'
Vs=197.
17kN<1/
3f
cb
wd

Avf
yhd

S=

(
226.
2(
275)
435)

s=

Vs

197,
170

s=137.
2mm

Maxi
mum spaci
ng(
d/
2=217.
5mm)or
600mm
Ther
ef
or
e,
s=137mm
Par
t3:

()

At f
yt
2

ph cot
s f
y

Al=

=45
x=40046x2=308mm
y=50046x2=408mm
Aoh=xy=308(
408)=125,
664mm2
Ao=0.
85Aoh=106,
814mm2
ph=2(
x+y)=1432mm

0=211.
u 1
Tn=T
= 8
77kNm
0.
85

2AoAtf
106,
814)
At(
2(
275)
yt
cot 211.
77x106=
cot45
s
s

Tn=

At=3.
605mm
s

()

At f
yt
2

ph cot
s f
y

Al=

275 2
)cot45
415

Al=3.
605(
1,
432)
(

Al=3,
420mm2

MATHEMATI
CS,
SURVEYI
NG&TRANSPORTATI
ONENGI
NI
RI
NG
(
MAY2012)
1.XandYar
ei
nver
sel
ypr
opor
t
i
onal
wi
t
heachot
her
.Gi
vent
hatX=15,
000whenY=162,
500.
Fi
ndXwhenY=328,
400.
A.7,
422.
35

C.7,
849.
56

B.6,
567.
45

D.8,
956.
32

2.Thesum ofsevenconsecut
i
vei
nt
eger
si
szer
o.Whati
st
hesmal
l
esti
nt
eger
?
A.4

C.3

B.1

D.2

3.Thesum andpr
oductoft
hr
eedi
st
i
nctposi
t
i
vei
nt
eger
sar
e15and45,
r
espect
i
vel
y.Whati
s
t
hel
ar
gesti
nt
eger
?
A.5

C.15

B.9

D.7

4.Whati
st
hecur
vedsur
f
acear
eaofaspher
i
cal
segment(
wi
t
ht
wobases)i
ft
hedi
amet
er
sof
t
hebases,
whi
char
e25cm apar
t
,
ar
e100cm and140cm,
r
espect
i
vel
y.
A.11,
673.
43cm2

C.13,
783.
34cm2

B.10,
567.
93cm2

D.12,
328.
75cm2

5.Thear
eaofapar
konamapi
s500mm2.I
ft
hescal
eoft
hemapi
s1t
o40,
000,
det
er
mi
ne
4 2
t
het
r
uear
eaoft
hepar
ki
nhect
ar
es(
1hect
ar
e=10m )

A.40

C.160

B.80

D.12
2
3

cscxcotxdx
6.Eval
uat
et
hei
nt
er
al
:
A.1

C.

B.0

D.1

7.Fi
ndt
hegener
alsol
ut
i
onoft
hef
ol
l
owi
ngdi
f
f
er
ent
i
alequat
i
on:
y+3y
-4y=0
A.y=C1e4x+C2xe-x

C.y=C1e4x+C2e-x

B.y=C1e-4x+C2xex

D.y=C1e-4x+C2ex

STRUCTURALENGI
NI
RI
NG&CONSTRUCTI
ON
(
MAY2012)
1.Aver
t
i
call
oadofW i
ssuppor
t
ed
byt
het
r
i
podshown.I
ft
he
capaci
t
yofeachl
egi
s15kN,
whati
st
hesaf
eval
ueofW?
A.34.
48kN
B.36kN
C.32.
12kN
D.42kN
2.Si
x(
6)st
eelcabl
esar
eusedt
o
suppor
taci
r
cul
armoul
di
ng
havi
ngadi
amet
erof2m and
wei
ghi
ng3.
6kN/
m.Thecabl
es
ar
eequal
l
yspacedar
oundt
he
moul
di
ngandat
t
achedt
oa

si
ngl
ehook3m abovet
hemoul
di
ng.I
ft
heal
l
owabl
est
r
essi
nt
hecabl
ei
s105MPa,
what
i
st
her
equi
r
eddi
amet
er
?
A.8mm

C.9mm

B.7mm

D.10mm

3.Aver
t
i
calst
eelr
odi
sf
i
xedatt
het
opandsuppor
t
san8kNl
oadatt
hel
owerend.Ther
odi
s
3
10mm ndi
amet
erand25mm l
ong.Uni
twei
ghtofst
eeli
s77kN/
m .Whati
st
het
ot
al
el
ongat
i
onoft
her
od?
A.12.
732mm

C.12.
973mm

B.12.
853mm

D.12.
612mm

4.Ahal
l
owci
r
cul
art
ubehasanout
si
dedi
amet
erof85mm andi
s5mm t
hi
ck.Thet
ubei
s
f
i
xed(
cant
i
l
ever
)atoneendandsubj
ect
edt
oat
or
queof4kNm ati
t
sf
r
eeend.Whati
st
he
maxi
mum shear
i
ngst
r
essi
nt
het
ube?
A.76.
5MPa

C.92.
3MPa

B.98.
7MPa

D.84.
2MPa

5.Adecor
at
i
veconcr
et
ebeam i
ssi
mpl
ysuppor
t
edoveraspanof6m.Thebeam wei
ghs4
kN/
m andt
hecr
acki
ngmomenti
s38kNm.Whati
st
hesaf
euni
f
or
ml
oadoft
hebeam?
A.4.
44kN/
m

C.5.
24kN/
m

B.4.
84kN/
m

D.3.
84kN/
m

6.A2.
8m cant
i
l
everbeam car
r
i
esauni
f
or
ml
ydi
st
r
i
but
edl
oadof20kN/
mt
hr
oughouti
t
s
l
engt
handaconcent
r
at
edl
oadof30kNatapoi
nt2met
er
sf
r
om t
hef
i
xedend.Whati
st
he
bendi
ngmomentatt
hef
i
xedend?
A.91.
3kNm

C.123.
9kNm

B.76.
7kNm

D.99.
2kNm

7.A12m l
ongbeam i
ssi
mpl
ysuppor
t
edatt
hel
ef
tendandat3m f
r
om t
her
i
ghtend.The
beam wi
l
lbesubj
ect
edt
oauni
f
or
ml
ydi
st
r
i
but
edmovi
ngl
oad.Whatt
ot
all
engt
hoft
he
beam mustbesubj
ect
edt
ot
hi
sl
oadt
opr
oducemaxi
mum negat
i
vemomentatmi
dspan?
A.9m

C.7.
5m

B.3m

D.4.
5m

Si
t
uat
i
on1Thehooki
ssubj
ect
ed
t
ot
hr
eef
or
cesP,
QandSasshown.
P=35kNandQ=45kN.
8.Det
er
mi
net
heangl
esuch
t
hatt
her
esul
t
antoft
het
hr
ee
f
or
cesi
s80kNact
i
ng
hor
i
zont
al
l
yt
ot
her
i
ght
.
A.22.
85
B.21.
78
C.24.
98
D.23.
12
9.I
fangl
e=60
,
f
i
ndt
hemagni
t
udeoft
hef
or
ceSsucht
hatt
her
esul
t
antf
or
cei
s
hor
i
zont
alt
ot
her
i
ght
.
A.48kN

C.42kN

B.51kN

D.45kN

10.
Fi
ndt
hemagni
t
udeoft
hef
or
ceSsucht
hatt
het
hr
eef
or
cesar
ei
nequi
l
i
br
i
um.
A.43.
87kN

C.45.
98kN

B.40.
93kN

D.38.
65kN

Si
t
uat
i
on2Thehor
i
zont
al
di
st
ancef
r
om Aatoneendof
t
her
i
vert
of
r
ameCatt
heot
her
endi
s20m.Thecabl
ecar
r
i
esa
l
oadofW =50kN.Thesag
d
oft
hecabl
ei
s1m.

11.
Fi
ndt
hedi
st
ancex1such
t
hatt
het
ensi
oni
nsegmentABoft
hecabl
ei
sequalt
ot
hatsegmentBC.
A.9m

C.12m

B.10m

D.11m

12.
Cal
cul
at
et
het
ensi
oni
nsegmentBCwhenx1=5m.
A.206.
56kN

B.174.
9kN

C.165.
43kN

D.187.
92kN

13.
Whati
st
het
ot
all
engt
hoft
hecabl
ewhenx1=5m?
A.20.
13m

C.21.
12m

B.20.
76m

D.19.
76m

Si
t
uat
i
on3The1.
8mdi
amet
erci
r
cul
ar
pl
at
eshowni
ssuppor
t
edbyequal
l
yspaced
post
sal
ongi
t
sci
r
cumf
er
ence.Al
oadP=
1150kNi
spl
acedatdi
st
ancex=0.
45m
f
r
om postA.
14.
Negl
ect
i
ngt
hewei
ghtoft
hepl
at
e,
whati
st
her
eact
i
onatpostA?
A.834.
2kN
B.766.
7kN
C.191.
7kN
D.194.
6kN
15.
Negl
ect
i
ngt
hewei
ghtoft
hepl
at
e,
whati
st
her
eact
i
onatpostB?
A.766.
7kN

C.194.
6kN

B.834.
2kN

D.191.
7kN

16.
Consi
der
i
ngt
hewei
ghtoft
hepl
at
e,
whati
st
her
eact
i
onatC?t
hepl
at
ei
s45mm t
hi
ck
3
andt
heuni
twei
ghtofst
eel
i
s77kN/
m.
A.194.
6kN
B.191.
7kN
C.834.
2kN
D.766.
7kN
Si
t
uat
i
on4Thebi
l
l
boar
d,
3m hi
ghby4m
wi
de,
i
ssuppor
t
edasshowi
nt
hef
i
gur
e.The
t
ot
alwei
ghtoft
hebi
l
l
boar
di
s30kN.H=1.
5
m,
=60
.

Wi
ndpr
essur
e,
q=1.
6kPa
Wi
ndpr
essur
ecoef
f
i
ci
ent
,
c=1.
0
17.Thehor
i
zont
alcomponentoft
her
eact
i
onatAi
snear
estt
o:
A.19.
54kN

C.16.
38kN

B.21.
89kN

D.12.
45kN

18.Whati
st
heaxi
al
st
r
essst
r
utBCwhosecr
osssect
i
onaldi
mensi
oni
s6mm x76mm?
A.94.
1MPa

C.76.
5MPa

B.87.
3MPa

D.102.
6MPa

19.I
ft
hest
r
utABwer
er
epl
acedbya16mm
MPa)i
nt
hecabl
e.

st
eelcabl
e,
det
er
mi
net
henor
malst
r
ess(
i
n

A.86.
5MPa

C.96.
3MPa

B.90.
1MPa

D.99.
1MPa

Si
t
uat
i
on5Agi
r
derwei
ghi
ng
18kN/
mi
ssuspendedona
par
abol
i
ccabl
ebyaser
i
esof
ver
t
i
calhanger
.Thel
engt
hof
t
hebeam i
s24m andt
hesag
oft
hecabl
ei
s3m.
20.Whati
st
hever
t
i
cal
componentoft
he
r
eact
i
onatA?
A.240kN

C.216kN

B.250kN

D.275kN

21.Whati
st
het
ensi
oni
nt
hecabl
eatt
hecent
er
?
A.487kN

C.432kN

B.412kN

D.521kN

22.I
ft
heal
l
owabl
ecabl
et
ensi
oni
s360kN,
whati
st
hemi
ni
mum sag?
A.4.
5m

C.5m

B.3.
5m

D.5.
5m

Si
t
uat
i
on6St
eelt
ankwi
t
hanout
si
dedi
amet
erof600mm hasawal
lt
hi
cknessof8mm.

Thet
anki
susedasst
or
ageofgasunderapr
essur
eof2.
2MPa.
23.Det
er
mi
net
heval
ueoft
het
angent
i
al
st
r
essi
nt
het
ankwal
l
.
A.83.
2MPa

C.89.
4MPa

B.80.
3MPa

D.90.
2MPa

24.Det
er
mi
net
heval
ueoft
hel
ongi
t
udi
nal
st
r
essi
nt
het
ankwal
l
.
A.38.
5MPa

C.34.
7MPa

B.43.
1MPa

D.40.
2MPa

25.I
ft
heal
l
owabl
et
ensi
l
est
r
essi
nt
hewal
li
s124MPa,
t
owhatval
uemayt
hegas
pr
essur
ebei
ncr
eased?
A.3.
765MPa
B.2.
873MPa
C.4.
123MPa
D.3.
397MPa
Si
t
uat
i
on7Thesol
i
dpol
eshowni
nt
hef
i
gur
ei
s
l
oadedwi
t
hver
t
i
call
oadP=3kNandl
at
er
al
l
oadH=
0.
45kN.Thepol
ei
s3m hi
gh280mm di
amet
erand
3
wei
ghs22kN/
m.
26.Whati
st
hemaxi
mum compr
essi
vest
r
essat
t
hebase?
A.0.
75MPa
B.0.
88MPa
C.0.
65MPa
D.0.
52MPa
27.Whati
st
hemaxi
mum t
ensi
l
est
r
essatt
hebase?
A.0.
88MPa

C.0.
75MPa

B.0.
52MPa

D.0.
65MPa

28.Whati
st
hemaxi
mum shear
i
ngst
r
essi
nt
hepol
e?
A.0.
0097MPa

B.0.
0054MPa

C.0.
0132MPa
D.0.
0115MPa
Si
t
uat
i
on8Thebar
geshown
i
nt
hef
i
gur
esuppor
t
st
hel
oad
w1andw2.Fort
hi
spr
obl
em,
w1
=145kN/
m,
w2=290kN/
m,
L1
=3m,
L2=6m,
L3=3m.
29.Whati
st
hel
engt
hof
bar
ge
Lsot
hatt
he
upwar
dpr
essur
ei
s
uni
f
or
m?
A.15m

C.20m

B.12m

D.18m

30.Whati
st
heshearat3m f
r
om t
hel
ef
tend?
A.162kN

C.194kN

B.151kN

D.174kN

31.Atwhatdi
st
ancef
r
om t
hel
ef
tendwi
l
lt
hesheari
nt
hebar
gebezer
o?
A.4m

C.5m

B.5.
5m

D.4.
5m

Si
t
uat
i
on9Aconcr
et
epadsuppor
t
st
wodi
st
r
i
but
edl
oadsof112kN/
m,
asshowni
nt
he
f
i
gur
e.I
tr
equi
r
edt
odet
er
mi
net
hemaxi
mum shearadmomenti
nt
hepadduet
ot
hesel
oads.
32.Whatuni
f
or
m basepr
essur
e
qi
si
nducedbyt
hesel
oads?
A.24kN/
m

C.48kN/
m

B.32kN/
m

D.42kN/
m

33.Whati
st
hemaxi
mum shearact
i
ngont
heconcr
et
epad?
A.24kN

C.32kN

B.42kN

D.48kN

34.Whati
st
hemaxi
mum momentont
hepad?
A.42kNm

B.24kNm

C.32kNm

D.48kNm

Si
t
uat
i
on10A10ml
ongbeam i
ssi
mpl
ysuppor
t
edatt
hel
ef
tendandat2m f
r
om t
he
r
i
ghtend.Thebeam wi
l
lbeanal
yzedf
ormaxi
mum shearatt
hemi
dspant
hatcanbei
nduced
byamovi
ngl
oad.
35.Whati
st
heor
di
nat
eoft
hei
nf
l
uencedi
agr
am att
hemi
dspan?
A.0.
3

C.0.
25

B.0.
45

D.0.
5

36.Whati
st
heor
di
nat
eoft
hei
nf
l
uencedi
agr
am att
hef
r
eeend?
A.0.
3

C.0.
25

B.0.
45

D.0.
5

37.Thebeam wi
l
lbesubj
ect
edt
oauni
f
or
ml
ydi
st
r
i
but
edmovi
ngl
oad.Whatt
ot
all
engt
hof
t
hi
sbeam mustbesubj
ect
edt
ot
hi
sl
oadt
opr
oducemaxi
mum shearatt
hemi
dspan?
A.4m
B.6m
C.3m
D.5m
Si
t
uat
i
on11Thet
r
ussedbeam
showni
s5.
4m l
ong.Amanof
wei
ght
Wi
sst
andi
ngatt
he
mi
ddl
eoft
hebeam.Negl
ectt
hewei
ghtoft
hebeam.
38.Thecapaci
t
yoft
her
odi
s2kN,
whati
st
hesaf
emaxi
mum wei
ghtoft
hemani
nkg?
A.132kg

B.129kg

C.156kg

D.187kg

39.I
ft
hemanwei
ghs85kg,
whati
st
het
ensi
l
est
r
essi
nt
her
odi
fi
t
sdi
amet
eri
s10mm?
A.12.
89MPa

C.17.
87MPa

B.14.
35MPa

D.16.
78MPa

40.Whati
st
het
ot
all
engt
hoft
her
od?
A.6.
12m

C.5.
34m

B.5.
69m

D.7.
32m

Si
t
uat
i
on12Thet
r
ussshowni
smadef
r
om Gui
j
o100mm x150mm.Thel
oadont
het
r
uss
i
s20kN.Negl
ectf
r
i
ct
i
on.

Al
l
owabl
est
r
essesf
orGui
j
o:
Compr
essi
onpar
al
l
el
t
ogr
ai
n=11MPa
Compr
essi
onper
pendi
cul
art
ogr
ai
n=5MPa
Shearpar
al
l
elt
ogr
ai
n=1MPa
Shearl
ongi
t
udi
nalf
orj
oi
nt
s=1.
45MPa

41.Det
er
mi
net
hemi
ni
mum val
ueofx.
A.180mm

C.160mm

B.150mm

D.140mm

42.Det
er
mi
net
hemi
ni
mum val
ueofyi
nmm.
A.34.
9

C.13.
2

B.26.
8

D.19.
5

43.Whati
st
heaxi
al
st
r
essi
nmemberACi
nMPa?
A.1.
26

C.0.
67

B.1.
89

D.2.
78

Si
t
uat
i
on13Thel
apj
oi
ntofat
ensi
onmemberi
sshowni
nt
hef
i
gur
e.Thepl
at
ei
s252mm
wi
deand12mm t
hi
ck.Thebol
t
sar
e20mm i
ndi
amet
erandt
hehol
esar
e3mm l
ar
gert
han
t
hebol
tdi
amet
er
.St
eeli
sA36wi
t
hFy=248MPaandFu=400MPa.I
ti
sr
equi
r
edt
odet
er
mi
ne
t
hecapaci
t
yoft
hej
oi
ntbasedongr
ossar
ea,
netar
ea,
andbl
ockshear
.

44.Det
er
mi
net
hesaf
eval
ueofPbasedont
ensi
onongr
ossar
ea.
A.450kN

B.420kN

C.500kN

D.480kN

45.Det
er
mi
net
hesaf
eval
ueofPbasedont
ensi
ononnetar
ea.
A.439kN

C.453kN

B.421kN

D.486kN

46.Det
er
mi
net
hesaf
eval
ueofPbasedont
ensi
ononbl
ockshear
.
A.423kN

C.495kN

B.469kN

D.521kN

Si
t
uat
i
on14A6ml
ongf
i
xed
endedbeam car
r
i
esa
uni
f
or
ml
ydi
st
r
i
but
edl
oadof20
kN/
m.UseE=200GPaandI
x=
6
4
67.
5x10 mm .

47.Det
er
mi
net
hemoment
att
hef
i
xedend.
A.60kNm

C.65kNm

B.55kNm

D.50kNm

48.Whati
st
hemaxi
mum sheari
nt
hebeam?
A.60kN

C.65kN

B.55kN

D.50kN

49.Comput
et
hever
t
i
caldef
l
ect
i
onatt
hemi
dspan.
A.4mm

C.5mm

B.7mm

D.6mm

Si
t
uat
i
on15Af
i
xedendbeam hasaspanof10m andsuppor
t
sasuperi
mposeduni
f
or
ml
y
di
st
r
i
but
edl
oadof20kN/
m.

Pr
oper
t
i
esofW 450x70:
A=8700mm2
I
74.
7x106mm4
x=2
bf=150mm
I
.
47x106mm4
y=8
t
5mm
f=1
t
0mm
w =1
d=450mm
Wb=70kg/
m
50.Cal
cul
at
et
hemaxi
mum bendi
ngst
r
essi
nt
hebeam.
A.112.
56MPa

C.142.
20MPa

B.132.
98MPa

D.123.
87MPa

51.Whati
st
heaver
ageshear
i
ngst
r
essi
nt
hebeam?
A.24.
35MPa

C.23.
15MPa

B.26.
92MPa

D.19.
32MPa

52.Det
er
mi
net
hemaxi
mum shear
i
ngst
r
essi
nt
hebeam
A.26.
92MPa

C.2435MPa

B.19.
32MPa

D.23.
15MPa

Si
t
uat
i
on16Abui
l
tupsect
i
onconsi
st
i
ng
ofW 350x90wi
t
ht
wo12mm pl
at
eswel
ded
t
of
or
m aboxsect
i
onasshowni
nt
heFi
gur
e
S01.Thesect
i
oni
susedasacol
umn10
met
er
sl
ong.Thecol
umni
sf
i
xedatbot
h
endsandbr
acedatmi
dhei
ghtaboutt
he
weakaxi
s(
Yaxi
s)
.Thecodepr
ovi
si
oni
s
gi
veni
nFi
gur
eNSCP01.UseFy=248MPa.

Pr
oper
t
i
esofW350x90:
bf=250mm

t
6.
4mm
f=1

d=350mm
t
.
5mm
w =9

I
4.
54x106
y=4
A=11,
550mm2

I
66x106
x=2
53.Det
er
mi
net
heef
f
ect
i
vesl
ender
nessr
at
i
onoft
hecol
umnwi
t
hr
espectt
ol
at
er
al
buckl
i
ngaboutt
hexaxi
s.
A.42.
76

C.37.
66

B.34.
89

D.35.
98

54.Det
er
mi
net
heef
f
ect
i
vesl
ender
nessr
at
i
onoft
hecol
umnwi
t
hr
espectt
ot
hel
at
er
al
buckl
i
ngaboutt
heyaxi
s.
A.34.
89

C.37.
66

B.35.
98

D.42.
76

55.Det
er
mi
net
heaxi
al
l
oadcapaci
t
yoft
hecol
umni
nkN.
A.2435

C.3219

B.2895

D.2663

Fi
gur
eNSCP01
WhenKL/
r<Cc(
shor
tcol
umn)

(KrL) F

[ ]
2

Fa=

1- 2 F.
S.
2Cc

KL KL3
3( )
5
r r
F.
S.= +
3 8Cc 8C3
c

()

WhenKL/
r>Cc(
l
ongcol
umn)

2E
Fa= 1
2

KL2
23
r

()

K=ef
f
ect
i
vel
engt
hf
act
or K=0.
5f
orbot
hendsf
i
xed
K=1f
orbot
hendspi
n
K=0.
7f
oroneendf
i
xedandot
herendpi
n
Si
t
uat
i
on17Aboxcol
umni
sf
or
medbywel
di
ngt
wochannelsect
i
onsatt
het
i
poft
hei
r
f
l
anges.Thecol
umnhasanunsuppor
t
edl
engt
hof4m andi
shi
ngedatbot
hends(
K=1.
0)
.
Thepr
oper
t
yofeachchannelsect
i
oni
sasf
ol
l
ows:
bf=90mm

t
0mm
f=1

d=250mm

t
2mm
w =1
I
8.
1x106mm4
x=3

I
.
91x106mm4
y=2

x=21mm

A=4560mm2

56.Whati
st
hecompr
essi
vest
r
essi
nt
hecol
umnduet
oanaxi
all
oadof900kN?
A.98.
7MPa

C.89.
4MPa

B.91.
2MPa

D.102.
5MPa

57.Whati
st
hemaxi
mum bendi
ngst
r
essi
nt
hecol
umnduet
oamomentof70kNm,
about
t
hexaxi
soft
hesect
i
on?
A.114.
8MPa

C.96.
5MPa

B.123.
9MPa

D.1181.
1MPa

58.Whati
st
hecr
i
t
i
cal
(
maxi
mum)ef
f
ect
i
vesl
ender
nessr
at
i
ooft
hecol
umn?
A.48.
2

C.54.
4

B.76.
1

D.65.
2

Si
t
uat
i
on18Thedeckofabr
i
dgeconsi
st
sofar
i
bbedmet
aldeckwi
t
h100mm concr
et
e
sl
abont
op.Thesuper
st
r
uct
ur
esuppor
t
i
ngt
hedecki
smadeofwi
def
l
angest
eelbeams
st
r
engt
henedbyacoverpl
at
e16mm x260mm oneatt
het
opandoneatt
hebot
t
om,
andi
s
spaced1.
2m oncent
er
s.Thebeamsar
esi
mpl
ysuppor
t
edoveraspanof25m.Thel
oadson
eachbeam ar
easf
ol
l
ows:

Deadl
oad=12kN/
m(
i
ncl
udi
ngbeam wei
ghtanddeck)
Wheell
i
vel
oads:
Fr
ontwheel=18kN
Rearwheel=72kN
Wheelbase=4.
3m

15 30%,wher
eL=l
engt
hi
nm.
L +37

I
mpactf
act
or=

Pr
oper
t
i
esofW 850x185:
t
5mm
w =1
A=23,
750mm2
I
662x106mm4
d=850mm
x=2
bf=290mm
I
1.
52x106mm
y=8
t
f=20mm
59.Cal
cul
at
et
hemaxi
mum bendi
ngst
r
essi
nt
hebeam duet
odeadl
oad.
A.123MPa

C.92MPa

B.107MPa

D.98MPa

60.Cal
cul
at
et
hemaxi
mum bendi
ngst
r
essi
nt
hebeam duet
ol
i
vel
oadpl
usi
mpact
.
A.79MPa

C.68MPa

B.62MPa

D.56MPa

61.Cal
cul
at
et
hemaxi
mum aver
agewebshearst
r
essi
nt
hebeam duet
ol
i
vel
oadpl
us
i
mpact
.
A.7.
6MPa

C.9.
1MPa

B.8.
5MPa

D.12.
4MPa

Si
t
uat
i
on19TheW450x86beam i
ssuppor
t
edbyaconcr
et
ewal
landa130mm-wi
de

bear
i
ngpl
at
easshown.Thebeam r
eact
i
oni
s250kN.Al
lst
eelar
eA36st
eelwi
t
hFy=248MPa.
Concr
et
est
r
engt
hf

7.
5MPa.
c=2
Pr
oper
t
i
esofW450x86ar
easf
ol
l
ows:
d=450mm
bf=190mm

t
8mm
f=1
t
w =10mm

k=38m

Al
l
owabl
ebear
i
ngst
r
essofconcr
et
e,
Fp=0.
35f

c
Al
l
owabl
ebendi
ngst
r
essofweakaxi
sofpl
at
e,
Fb=0.
75Fy
62.Whati
st
her
equi
r
edwi
dt
hoft
hebear
i
ngpl
at
e
W
?
A.220mm

C.180mm

B.240mm

D.200mm

63.Usi
ngt
hewi
dt
hi
nPar
t1,
wati
st
her
equi
r
edpl
at
et
hi
ckness?Assumet
hatt
hecr
i
t
i
cal
sect
i
oni
nbendi
ngf
orbear
i
ngpl
at
ei
sdi
st
ance
kf
r
om t
heaxi
soft
hebeam.
A.28.
4mm

C.24.
5mm

B.32.
1mm

D.21.
2mm

64.Det
er
mi
net
hewebyi
el
di
ngst
r
essatt
hewebt
oeoff
i
l
l
et
.
A.102MPa

C.127MPa

B.85MPa

D.111MPa

Si
t
uat
i
on20Thef
l
oorf
r
ami
ngpl
anofar
ei
nf
or
cedconcr
et
est
r
uct
ur
ei
sshowni
nt
hef
i
gur
e.
Thebeamsar
e280mm wi
deand520mm deepandt
hesl
abi
s110mm t
hi
ck.Ot
hert
han
concr
et
ewei
ght
,
t
hef
l
oori
ssubj
ect
edt
oaddi
t
i
onal
(
super
i
mposed)deadl
oadof3kPaand
3
l
i
vel
oadof5.
2kPa.Uni
twei
ghtofconcr
et
ei
s23.
5kN/
m.
Duet
ospaceconsi
der
at
i
on,
t
hecol
umnsEandHar
et
ober
emoved.Thi
swi
l
lmakegi
r
der
BEHKsuppor
tt
hebeamsDEFatEandGHIatH.
Uset
r
i
but
ar
yar
eamet
hod.
65.Det
er
mi
net
heuni
f
or
m ser
vi
cedeadl
oadonbeam DEF.
A.19.
87kN/
m