Cambridge English

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Barbara Stewart

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Reading and Use of Engtish

1

Part 5

You are oin to read a magazine article about !rish folk

dancin. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B, C or D)

which you think fits best accordin to the text.

1, What did the stage show Riverdance achieve?

A lt showed lrish competition dancing at its best.

B lt demonstrated how complicated lrish dancing is.
C lt presented traditional dances from all over the world.
D lt introduced lrish dancing to an international
audience.

Why do some individual dresses cost so much money?

A
B

They are made of very heavy material.

The pattern of each dress is different from every other.

C They are made of very expensive material.

D They are created by top designers.

What do we find out about the competition judges?

A
B
C

-o

How does the writer compare lrish dancing with other

sports?

c(()

A She thinks it is more competitive than other sports.

B She thinks performance matters less than in many

q)

(J

rt]
t(o

o_
o_

She thinks experience is more important than in other

sports.

r(]

What many peopte do not know about, however, is competition

s

t{

posture, can make up 40-50% of the dancer's total score.

than in other sports.

Solo competition dresses often run to thousands of dottars

What is important about lrish dancing to the dancers

themselves?

A the honour of winning compettions

B their beautifully designed costumes

because of the intricatety embroidered designs which are unique

ro

What do people appreciate most about dance

competitions?

make-up are atlmarks of status.

Dancers begin preparing for competitions up to a week in
advance by apptying fake tan to their tegs. Then, for almost an
rs

dfld a half before performing, they perfect themsetves - applying

make-up, attaching wigs, and gtuing their socks to their legs to

A the uniqueness of the dancers' costumes

B the teamwork shown by groups of dancers
C the fact that the dancers look beautiful
D the fact that the pedormers are talented athletes

ech dress. The otder and more experienced a dancer is, the hear
her make-up and the more etaborate her dress. Dresses, shoes

C working hard and making good friends

D the fact that they are representing their country

dancing and the importance of appearance in competitions.

Appearance, which can include costume, make-up, shoes and

D She thinks there is more pressure on the participants

.1J

Traditionatlrish folk dancing, which is well known for its cotourful

costumes and etaborate steps, has become very gtamorous si

the stage show Riverdance made it recognizabte attover the

other sports.

tr

They are sympathetic if a dancer makes a mistake.

C They only watch one dancer at a time.

D They pay Sreat attention to all the dancers.

.!
+J

pc)

They are looking for perfection.

prevent them from falting down. lt seems incredibte that the c

of hours a dancer spends preparing for a competition are atmost

equalin points to the months, or even years, that she spends
zo perfecting and memorizing compticated steps.
ln competition, dancers wittperform different steps in a line of
a dozen or more dancers. A judge

wiltwatch severaldancers at

once, but if the judge perceives a singte imperfection in the

appearance or in her performance, he wittmove on to watch a
zs

better dancer. lf a dancer cannot catch and hotd the attention of

the judge, she has no chance of winning a medalor even a ptace.

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JeLULUeJ9

Writig
1

Part

The paragraphs of this sample essay are not in the correct order. Read the essay and
put the five paragraphs in the correct order. Do not try to choose the correct words yet.

E
tr

E
I
I

lt is clear that for some of these people, such experiments with appearance are
successful; (a) but / however things can go seriously wrong. Unfortunately, (b) this /
such can cause great unhappiness and can even ruin people's lives.
lt seems that the majority of operations are on people (c) who / which are
simply unhappy with the way they look. They believe that altering their physical
appearance will increase their confidence or make them more attractive to other
people. They hope surgery will make it easier for them to make friends or to get a
good job.
tOl They / There have been many recent reports about cosmetic surgery operations
that have gone wrong. When I heard about these, I wondered why so many people
choose to have these oPerations.
t"l To / tn conclude, I would suggest that everyone considering cosmetic surgery
should first receive honest medical advice and be warned about the risks involved.
fO ft / There is no doubt that some cosmetic operations are necessary for medical
or psychological reasons, () by / for example for patients who have been involved

in serious accidents. (h) However / But, it is clear from the number of operations
conducted every year that most 'patients' are not in (i) this / the category.

.1:

2 Now choose

the correct words in italics in a-i above.

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cq)

p
E

C
ro

o
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C
ro
l-

Reading and Use of Engtish Part 1

t For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits
each g!ap. There is an example at the beginnng (O).

ro

o_

o-

(]
F{

#tr

Tweetie de Leon-Gonzalez lOl broke into the competitive world of modelling at the
from gett:ng'
notice, but she was not easily (r)
ers
agof l+

n*

ttl

''her eduea$ofi. $he accepted modelling projects brrt made t3l . , thesews're only'l
at weekends. With a discipline that would make any parent proud, this hard-working
student finished high school and then

(41

a university degree in philosophy.

to .
rt-:- '

pro1ects continued
, After graduating, Tweetie went job-hunting, but nrodelling
(}
{} ..-------- her way. until her days were all booked up. lt was o'nly after
corfipet1ion that she deeided to take {7} ------,.*-- modelling as a profession. As

'r,,':r

wellas

'

earning the respect of other models, she established solid friendships throughout her
career. Yet at the height of her popularity, she turned her back on the glamour of the

fashion world because she was findlng modelling less and

rcslt*l-

She said it

was beginning to feel more like work than enjoyment.

OA

threw

1A
2A
3A
4A
5A
6A
7A
8A

took
disturbed
definite
awarded
come

taking
on

rewarding

B started
B got
B distracted
B careful
B held
B find
B gaining

Bto
B popular

q@
C made
C interested
C clear
C won

cgo
C winning

cup
C agreeable

D launched
D Saw
D interrupted
D sure
D earned
D make
D going
Din
D entertaining

'

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Reading and Use of Engtish Partz

1

You are gloins

to read a newspaper article about a child genius. For questions 1-1O,

choose from the sections (A-D).The sections may be chosen more than once.

Which paragraph
says that the writer found it hard to establish rules?

suggests that the writer controlled how Leo spent his leisure time?
describes an incident which shocked the writer?
gives an example of Leo's inventiveness?

states that the writer believed some people thought he wasn't strict enough
with Leo?
refers to Leo's enquiring mind?
gives examples of Leo's stubbornness?

states that the writer finds parenting Leo difficult but worthwhile?
suggests that the writer is confident that Leo will succeed in life?
says that finding the risht environment for Leo was key to his development?

ffi
ffi
ffi
ffi
ffi
ffi
ffi
ffi
ffi
ffi

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0)
ro

+,

A
r My 11-year"old son Leo is a flnalist in Channel 4's 'Child Genius'
competition, For me, it caps a decade spent learning how to
raise a child whose intellect and independence of spirit simply
aren't ordinary. lt has been rewarding, but it hasn't always
been easy. I was struck by Leo's curiosity and independence
of thought almost as soon as he could speak. When I told little
Leo something, he would hungrily analyze it and respond with a
penetrating question, He learned to play Monopoly at four and
was soon beating me; at six, he had read the Odyssey. He would
ro do jigsaw puzzles without the pictures - because it was more
challenging, ln fact, for every game he played, he would make up
new rules, ones that would make the games harder.

There are of course other downsides to having a very bright child.

Not least of these is dealing with the education system, I've seen
:o state schools that are content to be of average standard, and
expensive private schools with equally average teachers that
don't make allowances for students who have different needs,
which I find alarming, I will never forget the ignorant teacher
who, in my hearing, patronized my six-year-old when he referred
m to Shakespeare as a poet. 'He wrote prose,' she snapped.
Eventually, we found the right school for him, His frustration has
gone, he has matured, he has strong friendships, and his grades
are mainly 'A's. At last, he's just an intelligent, appropriately

siimulated child, and achieving his potential.

D

B
Leo's lQ was tested on his 11th birthday, lt scored him in the top
0,01 per cent of his age group. So yes, he is bright, I think I only
rs f ully admitted that to myself after I saw those results. Not having

other children, I had no real way of measuring Leo's intelligence,

And, also, I have to admit that part of me just wanted a standard
kid. Every parent wants their child to socialize well and make
f riends, not to be a genius and potentially difficult, Discipline was
:* challenging. Explaining to Leo that he needed to sit in a given
place, eat a given meal, foltow a given routine, he would invariabty
ask, 'Why?'. And, often, he'd ref use, By the time he was four, it
was sometimes hard to tell if he was wildly creative, or merely
wild, tfelt isolated, because many parents and teachers assumed
ei; that Leo was atlowed to do just as he liked. The opposite was true.
We worked daily to impose routines. But Leo was reluctant to go
along with anything just because he was asked to.

'Child Genius' has very much cast me in the role of the pushy
parent, but I would argue that I have simply been discriminating.
Leo has seen little live television in his life; instead, good stuff
on DVDs and as many books as he has wanted. At six, he was
reading versions of the classics written for ieenagers, and last
+s wek we watche d Coriolanus together, Shakesp.r*', language
was not a barrier for him, This September, Leo goes to a highly
academic secondary schoo{, and he plans to go to university,
He's strong in maths and English, and a keen actor, What will he
become, I wonder: a barrister, a doctor, a journalist? I tell him he
s can be anything he wants to be, and I believe it. The programme
has conflrmed my belief that raising a really bright child is a task
society neither really understands nor supports,

+c

II

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4 Complete these sentences with can, be able to, mana$e or

Grammar

succeed in an appropriate form. You may need to use the

can, be able to, manale, succeed

negatve.

Choose the correct alternative in italcs in these sentences.

ln which two sentences are both options correct?

a How long could you / have you been able to drive?

b I can't / 'm not able to understand a word he's saying,
can you?

The teacher told me he couldn't / didn't manae to

correct my essay because he couldn't read / didn't

succeed in reading mY writing.

d Has your brother managed to / been able to find a job?

e I could / was able to beat you at chess any day of the week.
f A tall man stood in front of me at the concert, so
couldn't / wasn't able to see a thing.
g I can't / 'm not able to believe it. I got an 'A' in maths!
h Fortunately, they could / were able to rescue the children

That's as fast as I can run.

even if I tried.

b Despite setting ofl late, Karen

Complete these questions with an appropriate form of can or

be able to. In which sentences are both forms correct?

come to my party on Saturday, or have you

plans?
(you)
made other

b
@

speak Spanish before you went to live in

Spain? (you)

+J

o
fo

do everything people do,

ever

do you think? (robots)

-_--

+J

d
e

.tc

--

get the sofa in if we took the door off? (we)

find out Richard's new phone number yet?

(David)

f
g
3

My jeans are

torn.

repair them? (you)

picked us up if we'd asked you sooner? (you)

Complete these sentences with the correct form of can. lf it

is not possible to use can, use the correct form of be able to.
You may need to use the negatve.

When you give your speech at tomorrow's conference,

nobody

understand you unless you speak

more clearly.

b I'm afraid I

go to the party. I was busy on

Saturday.

c Janet
I

read before she was three years old.

think that's amazingl

eat any more. They were full.

d They
e Despite the delay, the passengers

$et their

connecting flights.

f I -him.

tell Darren yet, but I will as soon as I see

walk for a long time after the

accident. She had to use a wheelchair.
Sara

When the chip pan caught fire, John

fire out with a wet cloth.

t2

_=-

put the

run any faster

to catch the

train.

Even if the fire fighters had arrived sooner, they

saved the building.

play a musical instrument.

d I'd like to
play
tennis since he hurt his back.
e He
in clearing the bar
f The high jumper finally
on his third attempt.

from the burning building.

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Listening Part2
f t)

1.2 You will hear a journalist called Richard Prior talking about the time he met the
autistic savant Daniel Tammet. For questions 1-1O, complete the sentences with a word
or short phrase.

+,
C

q
(U

Daniel works from home because he would find being

+J

(\

l:

Vocabutary
Comparaflve and superlatlve 1 Complete these sentences with the comparatlve or superlatlve form of an appropriate
adjectlvos and adverbs adjectye or adverb from thls list. You can use one of the words twice.

good heaw high supersttous

person l've ever met. This mornng, on the way to college,

She's the

she refused to walk under a ladder.

b l\4y sutcase
c That's the
buy t.

d
e

f
g

than yours. I can hardly lift mine.

car we've looked at so far. We couldn't possibly afford to

now that I've cleaned my glasses.

can see much

I'm

than I was ths tme last year

than men

Women drive

There's no doubt that she the

marks n tests.

- that's

I must go on a diet'

why they have fewer accidents.

student in the class. She always gets

the
than any
teacher. He explans things much
a
brilliant
maths
h He's
had.
teacher l've ever
I hope the weather doesn't get - we're going on holiday on Saturday.
j That was the
film I've seen n a long tme - lthought it was even
than this year's Oscar winner'
L4

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leua / rallat -

zted 8ul1u

Vocabutary
Phrasal verbs with

ve t

Replace the verbs in italics in these sentences with the correct form of ive and one of
these words.
".--*--*:

i3y9l- *9?-.[-

r---gY! YP

a
b
c I've tried not to play so many video games, but I'm hooked - I just can't stop doing it.
d They are lettngyou have a T-shirt free with every CD you buy.
e My little brother realized he wasn't going to win the game, so he admitted defeat.
When are you going lo return the CD you borrowed from me last year?
At the beginning of the exam, the teacher distributed the question papers.

Grammar
Habitual

actions

1, ln each of these sets of three sentences, two sentences have a similar meaning and
one has a different meanin. Put a cross (/0 next to the sentence with a different
meaning.

a L l always used to walk to school.

2 I would always walk to school.
3 l've always walked to school.
b 1" I used to get up early.
2 I am used to getting up early.
3 I am accustomed to getting up early.
c 1, I usually check my emails before I get up.
2 Normally, l'd check my emails before I got up.
3 Normally, l'll check my emails before I get up.

.9
a
f

o_

o
(J
(Y)
.1J

Choose the correct words in italics to complete these sentences.

I lived in Africa for nearly five years, but I never got used to / was never used to

the heat.

b I sot used to smoking / used to smoke, but I gave up nearly three years ago.
c Even though they are only three years old, the twins are used to getting dressed /
used to get dressed themselves.

d People from other countries

get used to drivin

quickly when they come to Britain.

16

Where did you use to live

are used to driving on the left quite

were you used to livin before you moved to New York?

LT

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uorlenlls
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tic!tl

'(c o
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'v)

tol 'uollclppe

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ueruo/r^ e ql!/n /no!^olu! o!pe, e o ted ,eeq lll^ no E"T

(} I

v red

Sulualsll

Reading and Use of Engtish

Part 6

1 You are going to read a magfazine article which explains some of the reasons

why

people collect things. Six sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from
the sentences A-G the one which fits each gap (1-6). There is one extra sentence which
you do not need to use.

r People have been collecting things for centuries. Their

collections range from rare baseball cards worth thousands

of dollars to beautiful, brightly-coloured orientaljewels that
glisten in display cases, showing their owner's wealth.

ffi

r Even with a valuable collection, it isn't often that a collector

sells up and claims the money. Why, then, would someone

put so much time and effort into amassing a valuable

collection?
Terry Shoptaugh, from Minnesota State University
r*

Moorhead, can shine some light on why people collect. ln

Kim Herzinger, an English professor and an avid collector,

:* provides yet another explanation for our obsession with

collecting. Herzinger says: 'Collecting is a way of dealing

an article, he offers the idea that collecting is based on a

need to inspire

.9
a
f

o
O

i5 upon

with

use keepsakes to

stimulate memory especially to trigger happy memories,'

Shoptaugh writes. 'But even if memory cannot be relied

o_

recollection.ml'We

to faithfully reproduce the past, it remains vitalto our

(Y)

passion.
:s

Herzinger also believes that it's important for

avoid this, the collector narrows the field from

baseball cards to, for example, the NewYorkYankees cards.

remember the romantic aspects of war while not forgetting

Herzinger admits that while the collection brings much joy

the true horror of such times.

to the collector, there will always be disappointment.'l once

+*

ac

ffi

collectors to maintain a sense of control over their collection.

ffil-lfo

collect unattractive, old war memorabilia in an effort to

feeling of incompleteness that many people feel

in childhood.'He adds, however, that collecting is also a

understanding of the past.'This may explain why people

IJ

Anthropologist Marjorie Akin

is also an

expert on collecting.

me around his collection of valuable American jazz records.

She shares Shoptaugh's idea that people collect for a

ffi

connection to the past and memories. She writes: 'Objects

seems to appreciate it as much as they do.'

also gives four other reasons why people collect. The first

collect to please personaltastes.

ffiJ-lnnother

reason is the

Many people feelthey have a special bond with their

collection and can't help feeling frustrated if no one else

can connect the collector to the historic, valued past.'Akin

:* is to satisfli a sense of personal order and beauty. Some

had a very good friend, a record collector, who was showing

+*

A simpler explanation for the popularity of collecting as a

hobby is suggested by Kurt Kuersteiner, who says, 'l believe

collector's need for completeness. Akin says she has seen

the main reason people collect things

people cry out with relief once their collection is complete.

topic.'Can it really be that simpleT

is a basic

interest in the

After showing me his favourite items, he became silent, apparently disappointed

with my lack of response.
B

And, like most similar obsessions, it lets you live in another world for a while.

c Despite this, she believes that some people collect for money and profit.
D However, more collections consist of oddities that have nothing more than
sentimental value for the collector.
E

ln other words, people collect in an effort to remember and relive the past.

Others collect items that are weird or unusual to show their individualism.

To collect every baseball card would be impossible, leaving the collector with a

feeling of always being overwhelmed.

18

&

,"i'ii

t+

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:f:

*:

&

i*

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nau puerq) 'erorueo le]!E!p

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e?tel

oA,l

eqn pue lcetq)

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urapour

Wl)'Futpllnq

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Fuueen orom [ueo] alolm

.9

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renqero

r
Reading and Use of Engtish Part2
L For questions 1-8, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap.
Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginnng (O).

*.a

own voice on the internet. lt's a ptace {2}

ordinary peopte can share interests - whether through a pol.itical commentary,

their authors, btoggers, (1)

persona[diary,(3}-atistoftinkstofavouritewebsites.
-

"r$ra6onat'ai t+i

ii,

,'..' as

a,ma 'ou na,[i

,often use blogs to publish breaking

,

o
,a

Vocabutary

o_

Adverbs L

o
(J

List these adverbs under the correct headin$s.

* .-

d*loiv-*-Ai'.te* ;'p;,rilv
occasionally only rarely sensitively
j "oi"itery*;i**;;*tluckily
even hard interestingly
very
unfortunately
totally
surprisingly
sometimes
i
i

(Y)
.11

c,

Adverbs of manner
Comment adverbs:
Focusing adverbs:
Frequency adverbs:

Adverbs of degree:

Rewrite these sentences using an appropriate adverb from the list in 1 in the correct
position. Sometimes more than one adverb can be used.
a I only caught my train because it was a few minutes late - that was luci<y.

b I o to the theatre from time to time if there's something

Sood on.

My brother was stopped by the police because he wasn't driving safely.

20

I hate long road journeys. I hate them most in the winter when the roads are icy.

My sister passed her driving test first time. That surprised everyone.

When I was

That was a terrible fire. The house was destroyed

foul I broke

my brother's favourite toy. lt was not an accident.

- there's nothing

left of it.

tz

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ol3rtrv

Listening

Part 3

f {}

J-.4 You witl hear five short extracts in which women are talkin about their
relationships with their brothers. For questions 1-5, choose from the list (A-H) what
speaker says. Use the letters only once. There are three extra letters which you do not

need to use.

A Her brother

orLy oNE c&FD

To Go:

had more freedom than she did.

She never sees him because he's studying away from

home.

c Her parents preferred her to her brother.

D

She became good friends with her brother in her teens.

She doesn't keep in touch with her brother because he

lives abroad.

Speaker 1
Speaker 2
Speaker 3

She doesn't make the effort to see her brother

Speaker 4

nowadays.

Speaker 5

ffi
ffi
ffi
ffi
ffi

She used to like her brother but doesn't now.

H

When she was younger, she was proud of having an

older brother.

a
o
o
t-

Vocabu[ary

.tc

@ enrasal verbs with

pck L Replace

the words in talics in these sentences with the correct form of pick and one
these words. You need to use one of the words three times.

iat

on

out

upi

a Our plane landed at 4 a.m., so my brother came to collect us in his car.

b He's such a bully - he always treats younger or weaker people unfairly.
c I've got a terrible cold. I probably caught it at the swimming pool.
d You can tell when she's worried - she just eats little bits of her food.
e She's easyto spot in a crowd - she's verytall, and she's got long black hair.
f I learned French when I lived in Paris.
have and

take 2

Complete these sentences with the correct form of have or take.

place this afternoon?
a Do you know what time the ceremony

We don't want to

children until we're in our late twenties.

a nursing course next year.

c Maria is thinking of
care of themselves.
d Their children are old enough to
eldon,twantto-anargumentaboutthis'Weneedtodecide.
enough time.
f I'd like to visit the-gallery, but unfortunately we
-

22

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Reading and Use of Engtish

1

You are oin

Part 5

to read an article about a computer scientist.

For questions 1-6, choose the answer (4, B, C or D) which

you think fits best accordin to the text.

L How is Wendy Hall different

from many other computer

scientists?

She is fascinated by the technical details of

computing.

She is not as creative as the majority of her

colleagues.

C She is not interested in talking about the technicalities

of computers.

D She is less well qualified than many of her colleagues.

Why was Wendy Hall first attracted to computer science?

A She was interested in computer programming.

B She saw the future potential for the use of computers.
C She became addicted to playing computer games.
D She enjoyed using her own personal computer.
What was the purpose of the first software designed by
Wendy Hall?

A lt helped upload texts on to computers.

B lt made information available electronically.
C lt enabled teachers to produce educational
D lt helped other teachers she worked with.

a
0
o

videos.

4 What were Wendy Hall's feelings when she first became a

If

university lecturer?

..rJ

A She felt out of place as a woman in a man's world.

B She couldn't use the same specialist language as her

tr

colleagues.

C She didn't

know the answers to questions she was

scientist, there is nothing geeky about her. ln fact, this

asked.

gregarious woman with a warm laugh is among the best and

D She was worried because her colleagues were better

brightest. As well as heading the University of Southampton's

qualified than her.

They considered her ideas to be an important

Electronics and Computer Science department, Hall works

closely with Tim Berners-Lee, the 'father of the Web'. So why

breakthrough.

did a woman who is indifferent to writing computer code or

How did other researchers react to what Hall proposed?

Although Wendy Hall is an internationally-renowned computer

B They suggested improvements to her basic ideas.

C They didn't understand the importance of her ideas.
D They said her ideas were not important for computer
science in general.

discussing processor speed choose a career in lT, a field with

a reputation for being dominated by geeky men?
rs Hall's

How was Tim Berners-Lee's system different from Hall's?

A His system

a novelty. 'Allyou could do with PCs in those days was learn

depended on access to the internet.

B His system applied only to individual computers.

C His system could not be used on individual computers.
D His system did not require a computer hard drive.

work with computers began in the early 1980s, long

before the Web existed and when personal computers were

programming or play games,' she says, Like many women at

that time, Hall avoided such activities: she was more interested
rs

in pure mathematics. Her ability to appreciate abstract ideas

is what then drew her to explore the growing field of computer

science. She taught herself to program, but it was the thought

of how computing could change people lives that fascinated

her. 'l could see what was possible,' she says.

24

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11

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lsotolullo IcBl Jotl pue

lenemoq 'uoos ,'otl; lso;olut

],uop,,eABL,l ]t soop eOetols t{cnul MoH,,.to ,,o0 }l soop

]sel MoH,, oxll suotlsonp, 'ses suls ,'leolutlcal Xp] l,uptp r:

osneceq etrenbepeul ]pJ senne , 'Outreplullul sem slslluolcs

rcpdutoc Ououre 6utonn'IstlJ ]V'ocuotcs ;alnduuoc

ul Duglplcads;e.lniceueruun p oLUBOoq oqs ?861 ul
,*ABcruor1cola alqelpAe sem

uq tnq\ot7n t,
1

0o+

sltll

Duzeue

CIq ! ],uplno,, :1qnoqt I 'saryluenb e6m usrcpduoc -.:

oluo soopn pue slueurnoop Ha+ u$o0 u! polsa;elul sem

l, :pll/vl0uuun.r sem uolleu0euJat{ }nq 'pCIIJoM oq oJtq^

afiaoo sri 1.8 l"{peo} an6rqloc rcq deq o} orBAUos edus
lllnq aqs 'uollmnpo ro+ sofillqssod ornln] Inoqe 0uHulr.{l

I'ltpd pepn+s o pnls,l

'tulrp 0+ 0u to{

+ot 001 s!

ea[ot

s1t

'pooF ro pe/v\olle fressecau s! ueql eJolll = oo

qflnoue pue oot

JeLULUer9

Reading and Use of Engtish Part4

1, For questions 1-6, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meanins to
the first sentence, using the word gven. Do not changle the word gven. You must use
between two and five words, includin the word given. Here is an example (O).
EXAMPLE

O Jason adds up fisures well for someone his age.

GOOD

Jason
1

is good at adding

up

figures for someone his age.

We were in too much of a hurry to eat before we left.

TIME

to eat before we left.

We

lt is certain that she will pass her music exam.

BOUND

She

her music exam.

I am meeting my tutor at 2 o'clock

this afternoon.

ARRANGED

with my tutor at 2 o'clock this afternoon.

Many countries have introduced a new law to ban smoking in public places.
BROUGHT

ln many countries, a new law

to ban smoking in public

places.

a
q)
o
L

lt's improbable that we'll ever go there again.

UNLKELY

there again.

We

.t

Dan learned Russian when he lived with a family in Moscow. He didn't study it formally.
PICK

-t

Dan didn't study Russian formally. He

in Moscow.

living with a family

Vocabutary
Personality adjectives

Match the followng adjectives with their definitions. An example is given.

orve cring

r,e.rul

*.refir -ni"iiC

entrri;i

fa"

A person who...

a has had a good education.

b is always lively and doesn't tire easily.
c is original, artistic and imaginative.
d is calm and does not get annoyed or frustrated.
e is helpful and sympathetic to other people.
f is not afraid of dangerous situations.
g is friendly and enjoys being with other people.
h

treats everyone equally.

i
j
k
I

is efficient and good at making and carrying out plans.

is healthy and in good physical condition.
is interested in and excited about something.
is the opposite of lazy.

m is always happy and optimistic.

26

well-educated

a
(
o

LZ
'Ful>1rom

dols ,ierll

uaLUv\

se Eurnr Jo prepuels

lot,l] ]eql

sueoLU

sltll

']sed eq]
ut ueql reBuo Furnr ere edoed se suorsued uo Eupueds acnpo; o1,{uteu s! s!L{I

'soseostp lsuleBe lUE4 nlsseccns aL{} o} ,{eile onp sl slL.lI n

'uarpllL]c pue sa^l/v\ llot,l] JoJ eptnold ol a^eLl ose ,{eq1 t

'a^rosop adoed plo ]eq] Eultllauos sl slLl] matn u u c

'saqeleFen pue ltnlJ alotu Fullee ele edoed 'acuelsul ro T

'

"

:i?,;Hff :ffi ;;ff;: JT:il', l::i:ffi : :::ffifi j

(uoreuro,rul euolllppv)
I

'sluered repa

laql

roge Euroo roj alqlsuodser are suos ]soplo 'sorn]lnc euos ul p

(uoseag) 'aBe ]ueuaJtlor aU] Fulsler ore sluauu.lenoB auos c

(edueq) 'sen,{ueut ut peno;dutl a^eq s}olp s,adoe

(uorleuedxl) 'lsed aLl] u! p!p ,iaLl] ueql reBuol Fulnll ete edoed leql ]ce} e s! ]l e
'slelcerq u! uenF em eq
g-T acuatues Ful}roddns oq} asoot{C

u! (J-e) secueluas cdo eql to qcee s^ ollot

r,.lclr{/r^

'1eslno,{ to

Fu

ttoivt

pue re,{odue ue rol Euronn o safie}uenpeslp pue sefie}ue^pe are oroLll

'Funr e oIe|.l o] SrnoLl Fuol ,ilen llo/v\ o] a^ell ,ieru ,iaql lo 'seBem relnFel EulUeF
'osro/v\ laB
JO OlnS Aq ]OUUeC ,{eq1 'SonASUJOL]} IOJ IrO/v\ Oqrvr adOed ro1 sy
'ieu
g
suotltpuoc Furorvr lno lo qol tno aso etr no laodue ue lo] Ilo/v\ no,{ ,t
'IloM ,ieu] ueqm optcop o1,{1rrqrxep pue uopoer} orotu uaq} senlF uot}en}ls sltl}
pu[ pa,ioldua-1es are or.lm adoed ue6 ']uo!lc ouo ueLl] arout JoJ stseq acuelool]

e uo Ful>ltom io ssautsnq uA o ror.ll Euluels ere ,{eq1 ueou ,ietu stql

's,{eptoq ped pue s;nol1

l-

.tc

Euror,n aqeldacce o^eLl eqt let,ll sueou ensn slLll 'prepuels qllq e Jo suolllpuoc
Eulxlonn aneLl pue tenFet ped ale SJo)4Jo/v\ 'leodue poofl e aneLl ,iaql Jl

T.

'sonlesuall] JoJ IroM o] Fulsool.lc /v\ou ere edoad o tequnu Busee;cut ue )enemog
J
'umo Jtorl] Jo sossautsnq lnlssaccns ran peuels aneq
I eldoed ue6 e
^AouI
'uotlsenb slLl] o] raMSUe Jealc ou sr
,i>4sl.r

aroL,l]

ro

]eq] sl uotudo umo ,{ul 'dn uns o1

oo] eq plno/v\ pe,iodule-Jlas Euleq'adoad uetu

:ra,{odue ue lo ),Uo^ sqof aneq oqrvr edoed ]sotu ',{l}ueun3 q

'suotlenlts ]uau,{oldrla Ll}oq o} seBe}ue^pesrp eJe aroll}'e1eunou e
'secualues et{} lo o/r^l esn o} poau lou op no'qderFered qcee e}elduoc ot
(-e) ecualues cldol lcorroc oql asooqg ,reodue ue rol Jo eslno ,ol IJo^ ol lalteq
l! st, uollsenb eq ol ra^,\sue edues e tuol uelel oe qcllyt^'7-tr sqdetBercd peeg
\i.,.i[ {d,$

af ;,i"{.$,6ta4+

+,r
,
io, r'

['

,f'li,
r ll

r lred 8ur1u

Vocabutary

o
lq=
(=)

@ Travet

C
(o

Complete these sentences with the appropriate word from this list.

.to.:-il{ _ *gryl:e* _ g}g,i:l9t__i_o_Tlg"y

lg_yl _ttp _
a lf you live in the south of England, it's easy to go on a day
to France.
b Have you ever been on a guded
of Westminster Abbey?
c Do you know, my
to work took over an hour this morning.
price
d The
of the holiday includes a full-day
to a place of cultural

(o
l-

+J

f)

_y_oJ?_q_"__

interest.

e
f

The

ferry

was cancelled
because of rough seas.

Last year, we went- on a

around the Mediterranean. The ship was very

luxurious.

The Titanic sank on its first

transatlantic

to New York.

2 Choose the correct alternative in italics in these sentences.

a We made / dd a lot of sihtseeing
when we were in Athens.
b The campsite / camping was very crowded, so we had to install /

put up our tent

close to the exit.

c The plane set down / landed on time.

d Once the passengers had got in / boarded the plane, the cabin staff / crew asked
them to fasten / close their seat belts.
e Next year, we're going on a cheap packase / charter holiday to Portugal.
f lf you lose / miss the train, you'll just have to wait for the next one.
g The bus / coach trip to Bruges was fully booked / reserved.
h On the cruise, when we stopped at the major ports / harbours, most of the
passengers got out / disembarked.
Did you make / take a lot of photos while you were away?
j It's much more interesting to drive on country ways / lanes than motorways.
k She bought the hand-carved elephant as a souvenir / memory of her safari holiday.
I

28

6Z

ffi
ffi

[ffi
ffi
tffi

g roleads
raleads
roleads

,
t

z raYeods
T roYeods

'arnlua^pe ue seM ,iem srql Euener1

'Fulllener] edoed Eu!]saralut

em

oLuos ]aul I g
|I
|l

'ureBe eal stql lo^el] plno/v\

'acuar.radxa
peluroddesrp ,ilfqBlls se^
aq],{q
'du] aq]
pua aL{} ,iq po}sneqxa sem
Jro

'olqeuolruocun Fulllo^er] o

slq] punot

IO

IC

'ndeq {.ran a.rem JJe}s aL,lI

'pelcadxe ueql iaFuol tlcnu Xool,{aurno[aql V

'esn ol poou lou op no qcqrn sreual erlxo aaJql ae oaql'ecuo luo setle! eql asn
'ses raeads qceo leLUrA (U-V) lsll eqt uorl asootlc'g-tr suosanb rol 'uo ueaq o^eq
,(etll sauno[ noqe Fulltel ere edoed qclq^^ u! s]cerlxe ]otls e^[ reaq ll!^ no^ g'T (] T

r lred SuluaJstl

0)
t-

f,
I
=)
L

oc

'au

o
o

uo

ereds riue aneq ],uplp se,ieuou {ue reBBeq eL{} oAlF o} alqe },use/v\ |
I
'u^^op learq ,iaq1 ueqm sJec plo JoJ
a.reds laB of ]lncuJlp s,]l

CU

l-

+J

ereds rno ur Euop e no op ]eL,l/v\'spuouJ r.llr^ ]no EuloB tror yedy

ro
{.,
c,

ereds aq] ul daas uec no^ 'oruoc no,{ ueqm dn no

pd

tsea uec

aM

.eln}cundeleEnoAesecul-eledserccp|noLlSno^q

Jec lor.,ll FuUet arem aq1 'spuau}

e.reds e peq eq1 se ouloc o] polue/v\ | Jr pelse pue

euos qltan d11,{ep e uo acuell o} }uo/v\ 'tea 1se1 e

i-"JL -:gll - x1.-" lrrL-*:]l?"1*-9:y9!: i

'ls!l slr,ll ruorl pro/n eerdordde oql qlr^ sacuoluos asaq eeduo3

)ec

aL,l]

red aroJoq leuruuo] aq]

]e

ll,l

no

ateds

qil^

suolsserdx3 @

'pueleoz
/v\aN

ol

o] em rno uo sep o ednoc e ro Fuoy Fuo1 ul

EuloE

eJ,oM t

'alel s;noLl aolLl]

eued aL] pue 'pe,ieep sem lqft1 eq1 o
o}uol}e}Sot]}o}}uo^^SpUal]Jpue,itue.,,-,,,.on,n-,I}l*,,-,.*p
'eBuno etnlredap
en'uodre oL{} }e penure e/v\ se uoos sV c
.tvtouqajaq}eqplnoqSeq1os.'LU.e8}eUodlleaq}lo-,(eq1q

or.l] o] UBnorql luam pue

eu

pue ouoc no,i pno3 'Eulurotu fitee aq] ul Furnure sl ]tlElu

,{t

i*:_i,di-i:d_"qe *g::":[_ffi

'"-"*".*^**

-ue u! lsll slrll ruoll qel eserqd

e
^*. :

'tuJol ale!dordde
eleudodde ue Lll!/rt secualuos asaqt eedtuo3

e lelerl :sqol leseJqd

Complete this story with verbs from the list below. Use an
appropriate past tense and make any other changes that are

Grammar
Past tenses

necessary.

i-*

ia
iobegin
id

Choose the correct alternative in talics in these sentences.

Jan was gong/ went to live in ltaly in 2OLO. She hadn't

been in the country long before she got / was gettng
married.

get out

i^drive

G*" ---p"k ,p--**"-"-*l

make rain
shake
notice reach
try
open realize
wait

get in

off

give
have

i
i

'Didn't you finish / Haven't you finished your homework

yet, Alex? You haye been doing / have done it for ages.'
'l dd / have done most of it, but I'm stuck on the last bit.'
I know I said I'd phone you as soon as lsot / had got
back but I can't remember where I have been writins down
wrote down your new number.

It's typical, isn't it? I had just put / just put shampoo on
my hair when the phone had rung / rang.l was thinking /
thought it might be important, so I have rushed / rushed
downstairs. Needless to say, it had stopped / has stopped
ringing before I was reaching / reached il.
e

'l'm terribly sorry, but I have forgotten

forgot your name.'

f Police said that the man they wanted to question had /

o
l-

was having long hair and has been wearing / was wearing
a denim jacket and jeans. He was driving off / had driven
off in a stolen car.

iulie has just covered / had just covered herself in suntan

lotion when the sun went

cloud.

f
(J

c
(()

had Sone behind a large black

I was thinking / have thought of calling Sam and have just

picked up / had just picked up my address book to look
up her number when the phone started / was startng
ringing. lt was herl

0)
ro
l-

+J

ro

'ls anything the matter?'

.1J

tr

'No. I have peeled / have been peeling onions. Onions

always make me cry.'
I was sitting / sat on the bus on my way to work when
realized I left/ had left something cooking on the stove.
I

One evening, a young woman (1)

through
lonely counmyside. It (2)
heavilv and it
(3)
to get dark. Suddenly, she (4)
an old woman by the side of the road, holding her thumb out
as if she wanted a lift. 'I can't leave her out in this rveather,' the
young woman said to herself,
So
she
stopped the car and
(5) the door. 'Do you want a lift?' she
(6)
. The old woman nodded and (7)

Asshe(8)-herselfcomfortable.theyoungwoman
asked
-- her, '(9)
you
long?'
The- old woman (10)

her head. 'You were lucky,

then,' the young woman commented, rvondering why the
old woman never spoke. She (11)
again. 'Nasty
weather for the time of year,' she continued. The old woman
nodded in agreement.- No matter what the voung rvoman said,
the hitchhiker (12)
no ans\\er except for a nod or
a shake of the head.

All of a sudden, the young woman

(13)

passenger's hands were very large and hairv.

'With

that her
a shock she

(14)-thatthehitchhiker,,aSn'tanoldwomanat
all but

'I can't

see out of the rear

man dressed up

as

an old woman. She braked suddenly.

''W'ould you
window,' she explained.
mind cleaning it for me?' The hitchhiker nodded and opened
the car door. As soon as the hitchhiker (15)
of the
car, the terrified woman (16)
ar top speed.

\lhen

she

(17)

noticed that the hitchhiker

She

30

(19)

bag was a gun. She

it

(20)
-

the next village, she stopped. She

a handbag behind.
and opened it. Inside the

(18)
-

narrow escape!

IT

ssll.u c
alqeuo c
olqelr^aur c

pto^e o
axeu o

acue/v\Olle C

le^oJdde o

reurpro 3

lelauoF o

ocuapl^e c

qlnr] o

alns o
en1ce

sepemou

Eudoenep 3

Fulseercul o
pailu o

@ryD

]ce] I
leurou g

oord
uor.ur.uoc

]ol

eBeueu I
ureuac g
,iluertnc g

adecse

ssed g

uorssruu.lad

lruu.red

Euster g
llnJ

olruuap

8
L

Vg
V9

v?
vt

,{uelueuou V e
Fulpeards V tr
Vo
pe>,lced

'peor eLl] ssortr o1 ueq]

(g) ue

/ e sureurar lllls t! '-

()

erou pue oroLu 6ururoceq

ol reles sr ]r }eq1
q6noqfy

st ]uoPrf,ur +o Uos srqf

'slq6l[ 6ururocu req]o o] onp puel ot

(9) penrecet 1ord
or.l] ololeq solnutul rqt lor.lunj e seM 1r 'ronennoq 'r{6ursudrns leqnneLuos 'lo}sestp olqtlJo} e uooq
pedeq of,uorradxe pue ssauurlef, srH 'lenl s,eued aL1] +o ]soLU
a^eq plnotr leqM

dorp

otr

q6noue

116rq

+e6 o]

(S)

of

uurq

urlr.1

(t) or peeds

lln+ uo seur6ue

roqlo eql lnd

1ord eq1

'jlo-e)e]

ouO '
(g) senn qsert e lri6noq+ euo,{rene 1eq}
rorye
pere1 peq seur6ue rno] s,eued oq]
1snI
]o
(l erc slelll]]O
sesnoq ,{qteeu .la^o Mol os MeB 1e[ oqrunl. e erel]M ]uopr)ur ]uaf,or e 6urpn1s

() sr
- sluepllul snote6uep

0)
-

orour pue oroLu le6 suodre s,plroM oq] punore sor)s ot{} sV

f
!
f

(J

((l
0)
(o

t-

+J

ro
.1J

tr

'(O) Fuluulleq eq le alduexe ue s! oreql'deF qcee

qU lsaq (O ro C'g 'V) /a/nsue qclLl,l aptcep pue oleq lxal eql peal 'g-tr suollsenb oJ T

r tred L,lstl8ul Jo asn pue Eulpeau

Reading and Use of Engtish

Part 6

1 You are soing to read a newspaper article about a future expedition

to the planet Mars.

Six sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences A-G the
one which fits each gap (1-6). There is one extra sentence which you do not need to
use.

They are looking for applicants who are healthy, smart enough to learn new skills
and able to function in a small group.

B The viewing fisures and income they brought in were also influential.
C One would have to agree with their reaction, given that the privately-financed

plan

does not involve a return journey.

D Applications had been expected to be around the one million mark, however.
E The pioneers will also face lethal hazards such as high doses of cosmic radiation
and potentially toxic Martian dust.

This is the number of people who have so far offered to join an ambitious private
mission to send a group of four men and women to Mars in 2023.

G And the final total could rise even higher before the deadline for applications is
reached.
Mars.

ffi

The quatity of the appticants is very high, according

to Bas Lansdorp, the Dutch entrepreneur who dreamed up the

scheme tast year.

o
t-

Lansdorp's plan is to create a media event which is 'exciting,

f,
!
f

aa

L)

inspiring and beautiful

gave him his idea.

o
o

ffi

just

tike the Otympic Games. which

The estimated f4bn cost of the Mars

mission witt be met by tetevision rights and other kinds of

media sponsorship, and atthough Big Brother creatol Pau[

ro
l+J

Romer, is one of those sittng on the Mars One board, the event

u)

:s

wi[[ not be a TV reatity show.

.1J

A selection committee wil.t begin to sort the appticants in the

I

coming weeks, and shorttists witl be drawn up in the coming

year. ffif*l Nearl.y a quarter of the appticants Live in the United
-l

States. The space nations of China, Brazit, lndia and Russia

so

r A,o,ne-way ticket to another ptanet where there is no

,

watf or food
tlt<e a

and certainty no return home

air

the tit of the 140 countries where the appticants

live. Britaiil comes in 6th ptace with about 7.m. The pLan is
to buitd teams of four peopte, each from a different continent,

no

who wiLt live and train together for seven years before the first

may not sound

lot of fun. hlowever, to the 165,000 appticants, the

to live permanently on Mars has been too tempting
ffi They wil.t be the first intrepid pioneers for a

corTt next on

manned taunch in

l}2l,arriving the fol.l.owing

year.

'$portunity

i io

rs Rockets carrying cargo, food and

to Mars a few years in advance of the manned tanding. A

permanent space cotony on the Red Planet.

further crew of four peopLe wiLl arrive two years after the first
astronauts have tanded. Lansdorp insisted that the mssion was

The organizers of the Mars One mission said they were surprised

by horv rnany peopte

ha offered to become the first astrCInauts

to tand and tive on Mars.

io impossibte,

viable, even though drinking water wiLl. have to be coltected

This is not because it woutd be +o from the Martian soil by robotic exptorers before the astronauts
are able to tand.

but because of the technica[ difficul.ty and cost of

fuel.l,ing the trip home.

their country to cover the administrative fees of the selection

process. Neverthel.ess, even this smatt financiat penatty has
rs faited to dissuade the tens of thousands who dream of going to

ffi

But Berhaps the biggest obstacte of all witl. be the psychotogicat

anxiety of knowing there is no return joumey no matter what
happens. 'They witl only step into the rocket if they reatly want

Each appl.icant has had to pay on average $25, depending on

32

tiving modutes wi[[ be sent

*s

to so. The risk is theirs and they can't change their mind once
thel are on the way,'Mr Lansdorp said.

Eg
'leoc Jo acord
e laF lsnl-llt/v\ eq1 'peq are aq1 1'poo? ere /ioll] r lueserd e ]oE uo rrvr aql leql
peuJe/v\ aje uerplrr.lc 'sluosard rleq]
uerprqc qsruedg
ualuv\ sr renue g
]eF
]soru
'peorqe laler] no ueqm

op ],uplnolls pue plnol,ls no leqm ]noqe acr^pe pooF aAlF Allensn serueduroc epro1
'uercrsnu
poo? ren e s! oH ']edunr] aql sed 'epered oq] ul Ued >loo] oqm 'qoce raqlorq 6 e
'surened luarelJrp ueu ur sossoJp ac/u ero/v\ uor.uo/v\ oq] lle lenrlsal aq] ]V p
'unLl se/v\ ouo ou ,iFurzeue ]nq ']uoprcce peq e ur
pa^lo^ur oJo/v\ oM 'areq1em eq1 uo 'FuoJ/v\ ]uo^ Eulr.,lt{renf ,{eproq peq rc e seM }l

sn Lflr^ erel o] crucrd

ouu

esn epeu aq1 'acru ren aren qlrrvr pee1.TlilJ:i;rT q

'ep rene

ror..fleo/v\ poo? peL.l o/v\

i
I

; ,ilr.,lBneu

pue 'pooB ren sem lolor.l orl] ul poot or.,ll eproq poo? e seM

-iru--

]l

"-

xu
sul- xui,ci
*G+na ^ pul),1 aqe,iol'ua snorlsesrp
snorcrlop paqsdtuocce

i
i

'ocuo uo ercefpe qcee asn ']s!l slr,lt ruort ence[pe e]errdordde lsou eq]
r.ll!^ scrrel u! so^llce[pe eq ecedeg 'p!^!^ ororu uodlcsep e eleu qclLl/r^ sence[pe
,or4lo Aq pecede,t eq uec Aaql 'pasn ,a^o uao ile peq pue poof 'ecu sencefpe eql T

lselelu! FulleaC

z red 8ur1u
o
t-

!=
:f

eqrsuodser I

(J

-o

luelled
ornleu

(()

e
p

]sauoLl

(()

t-

--IDr1-

f)
.11

tr

arce[pe

InJSSoccns q

--frn1r1T

enltepeN

lerou

erce[py

unoN

.uenF
s eduexo uV'sa^!lce[pe eseq]

lo srurol an!]eFeu eql pue sunou Fulsslru eqt elUA

senceJpe eneEe

AANI1IASSISIC]S

HOtnsllNyndlre
rlovncu^todltN
ldrHolzxcrssyr
lMeNtttoScln9z
llltuNnuctEvll
l9SSnOtUVttHtl
clnnrno^d3nxvu
VSdOH

I]CC]NJ

po;!] ]sel
spJo/r^

lleus

]oL.l

uun ,il.rlp ploc

eql'sa^rlce[pe leurou asaql o puodsarJoc

Llc!r..1/r,\

Flq

,Eue

'uollcerlp ue u oF uec
senrcefpe otuarlxa aql pu!l

sence[pe

ouar]xI

lenqero

Reading and Use of Engtish

1

Part 6

you are going to read an article about sleepwalking. six sentences have been removed
gap (1-6)'
from the article. Choose from the sentences A-G the one which fits each
use.
to
you
need
not
do
There is one extra sentence which
she had been making them in her sleep.
B She did not realize that anything was wrong at first'
C These work by temporarily stopping the body entering the phase of sleep which
accomPanies sleePwal ki ng.
D She does not look fonruard to turning the lights out at nisht.

A lt turned out that

E lt may seem amazing, but all these kinds of things are possible'
F Others include severe tiredness or the excessive consumption of alcohol.
G ln the majority of cases, the experience is quite uneventful'

!
.E

-c
+J

(o
.1J

r Dangerous as well as embarrassing, sleepwalking remains

''@y; wh,il its,reslts ian be both upefting and
t.Upreeictabiu Despite their popular image as zorrbieIike figures who stumble about with outstretched arms,

to thern (rnanyof thern internatioRal), none of which she

remembered. ffiJ-l she has since been forced to hide her

telephone in a drawer at night.

It is estimated that

many a one in three children and one

I sleepwalkers are often capable of performing complex acts' Dr esintwentyadu1tssleepwa1katsometime.Expertsbelievethe

,

''

Peter Fenick says their capabilities are surprising. 'I've known

ptuaimir *t o have got onto motsrbikes, ridden horses,

'-'

tarnis

condition is rnastcommo among children and the thdy,

'
though the reasan for this remains a mystery. What is'nsw'
becoming clear is that sleepwalking tends to run in famities;r

a***ry.ffiJ:r,

str*ss or anxiety are believed to be major causes'

**otgsr exFerti believe that such complex

behaviour occurs when the individual is suffering from

"tffi,blaikouts or amnesia. Tt e*e p*duce wtrat is called
,ti,the,,f.ugUer{frre. In this condition, the individual enters a
rc

lighter state of sleep and can coPe more easilywith lengthier

'

who is usuallyback in bed within fifteen minutes'

'i, fit

fudefinitirxr giver,tn however; few people are

**i"trr,imng *"d articulate when rhey are asleep as
.auerfd f',ro' London, r+ho f,og'nd that her phone bill

ha ,.m s uttS, r ted. she later dscovered why. Friends

:*',-#utd rema* on lengthy late-night ea1ls she had made

34

'

"

:* Sleepwalking is thought to start about ninety minutes af

It leads to lit1le,y.or1!ry'a
a person Soes to sleep. ffi
the
opening of a few,dralvrs.
or
watrkround the bedroCIm

,.

'
'

"

Injuries most oftea occur when sleepwalkers'belieVe thef r ',

"
re sornewhere they are not: windows, stAirsand elect1i ,

and more complicated tasks than the average sleepwalker,

rs

ffi

,,

:=

appliances can lead to disaster.

n1

Nancy Harrison from wiltshire woke r.rp *hirnering orre

to find the bedroom window uride open andher hrsbandi ,",' '
.ro.th4'
Robert, bed empty.ffi-l'I assumed Robert
,

had

bathroout. But when I went to close the wiqdor tr saW his

tb

'Fullsneqxe

pesneqxe enosqe

u,l

'peq ol oF lsnf ll,l

),lulr.l]

')4ool o] olot,lA /v\oul ],Uplp | 'auleu JaLl laql.rlotuoJ

],uplnoc ueq/v\ Fwsseueqwa / pessu)equlo os seM ]l
I
'au!]
Futnup lleull ssed ],uop edoed
]sru
lsel
/ peluoddeslp oo] oq o] lou ,{4

]sohl 'Fulluloddesp

,ieniue paqBnel

nq'Fusnwe

pasnwe rencryed

elo|all]

pulJ ],uplp

i;onocoJ o eproq

e poou l'Funsneqxe

petsne/xa ]nq leetF sem dU]

etll

'plo/v\Ssolc otl] o] lolv\Sue ]sel aLl] pu[ ],uplnoc

or-l uoLl/v\

Fulletlsrul

peletpn4 euerxo

se/v\

olod

Par ]LlFuq

E
.E

]ua/v\ ,{euou tlBnoue o^ell },uprp I pazlleei pue lllq oq}

pessu)equla os se/v\ |
(ed ol luo/y\ I uaq/v\ ?usseteqwa

'LUlrl

E
()

-C
+J
(c'

dn pepue I leL,} ueu aq} qllm Fulz(ouue

]e Eulmoqs

/ peouue os }oE

',{ep rana sBultll

or.l] op no'Fugoq

..rJ

aues

/ penq os aq uec oc4Jo ue ur Eu!>lroM

'fiwsseueqwe

tr

pesseueq{//a se lla/v\ se snoretuep oq uec Euemdeag e

'a!q

o+ +xeu

tls 0l

s+uDM

oul oN '6upoq s! utlo

'edoed Jaqlo uo seLl

Fulqleuos ro euoeuos lcoJa eql eqlrcsep sa^llcope Fuf

'a6uoqt p

s+uDM

eH 'paroq s!

utlol

'sloel ro sloot ouoeuos em eq oqcsap sence[pe pe-

eLll esoor,.lc

'f-e secualues u! scrreil u! ollleurelle lcoroc

ueql'^ olaq xoq eql u! uolletuolu! eql peeu e
sencefpe ut- pue pe-

posseJrequra

peluloddeslp

paroq

pasnue

peouue

palerlsnrl

palsneL.lxe

pesr.rdrns

en!lcefpv

unoN

unoN

encefpy

'uen!F
sence[pe aq] o] pe]ele, sunou aq] ql!/r^ elqet eq] atelduoC T

Fulplnq po/n

relnqero

Grammar

My uncle didn't give up

the doctor told him he risked

Gerunds and infinitives

attack.

Pleased

Complete these sentences with an appropriate preposition

and verb in the glerund form from the lists below. You can
use the prepositions more than once. An example is gven.

pass
i become do
on i orlng draw persuade
put up
with i break get

against of

i at
i tor

in

(smoke), even after

(have) a heart

(meet) you. Glad

(hear) you're enjoying your stay.

Can you

imagine

(be) famous and

(have) enough money to do whatever you

wanted?

il

Have you

I
i

considered

(get) a part-time job

to make some extra money?

I do

apologize for bringing Rachel to your party, but she

insisted

Most politicians are extremely skilled

Vocabu[ary

in

public.

Personal qualities

the same thing

Even though he was bored
day in day out, he never made an effort to look for a new

job.
A good salesperson is

clever

people to buy

things they don't really need.

the vase. lt was Greg's

I'm not responsible

fault.

Due to the increasing number of burglaries in the area,

the police are warning

people

open.

Jack is quite capable

school, but he never does.

s+J

their windows
good marks at
his

The examiner congratulated Graeme

(o

driving test first time.

.tE

our

Despite the strong wind, we succeeded

tent.

David is good

",

.r.rr.**

'

but he -isn't really interested

Complete these sentences with the gerund -or infinitive form

of the verbs in brackets. Remember that some verbs can
take both the infinitive and the gerund but with a change of
meaning.

(waste) time and at least

lf you don't stop
(get) the report finished today, the boss
try
will be furious.
'We regret
(inform) passengers of the
cancellation of the 10.06 train to Glasgow.'

The- directions she gave me were easy

(follow), so I was
lost.
I

36

meant

amazed

(find) I still Sot

(get up) earlier, but I forgot

(set) my alarm clock.

Which of the adjectives below describe positive personal

qualities (P), which describe negative personal qualities (N),
and which could be either positive or negatve (P / N)?

a boring
b optimistic
c determined
d efficient
e friendly
t patient
g sensible
h serious
i emotional
j jealous
k envious
I thoughtful
What prefixes are added to the adjectives in talics in
make them neative?

1to

What are the nouns related to each of the adjectives in L?

LE

ree dn

olsn
s,}l

',{ree dn leB o} our roJ rarseo EulUeE

roLlleoA

oL.l]

uec

ll

OUVH

']lnculrp sor.u rlauos sr JaLlleom

'lloM se

orl] Fullclpord 9
opt

oNlN
'am se Fu r.uoc lned

o] uollce[qo ou o^el]

'nOr{

ALIS

NV]hI
'no,i Eurlnsur Jo uorluolur ou pel{ oL.ls

'uroq sem ,iqeq oq] Joue ull} otl] roJ

auer

IN]M
'uJoq sem qeq aq] roge

'p!es

ro
E

ull

ot.l] to] ),lio^

ol penutluoc ouef z
asrou aLll

aLl ler.lM

.E

'osrou

.C

+J

or.l] Jo

'eBe sq ouoauos rort

o3rN3A3Ud
asnecaq ples ol,l ]eLlM reaq ],uplnoc I T

sernFtt

uosef

(o
.1J

'eBe sq auoaulos Jot lloiv\ sarnEU dn sppe

tr

oooc
uose[

31d1lVX3

'(g) eduexe ue s! aroH 'uenlF pro^ eLll Fu!pnlcul 'splom a^U pue o^ l uea^,Ueq
lsnu no'uan! pro/rt aql eFueqc lou oq 'uenF plo/rt eql FuFn 'ecualues lslt otlt
ol Fulueeu relluls e seq ll leql os ocuoluas puocas eqt elalduoc'g-tr suolsenb lo3 T

esn

vred Llsrl8ul Jo osn pus Sulpeau

or.ll ol leF ],uon no^ 'anonb e ur are no

re>iclnb,iue luol
Eulaq ]utod ou s,aJoLlI

uall^

t{

'sraFuerls

o] ),lle] rpeer
no,{

'Eurtl}"*:.

ran

,ieq1

lar.,l] Jol u^

oul

llom ale edoed qsl11ocs 7

'Fu!,irl deay o] o^eL,l

I
,r"rvr ,ieer no,t 'ssoccns Jo o}nqu1e }ueuodtul ue sl
o polp ]sotule I 'pua ro^au plno^ Eulleeul aLl] ]tlBnoql I e

aq] o] pueulrF

'LUlLl
qllm
ur
a^ol
lltls s,ot,ls oux
^
no,{ Jo

ou srrl pue puauoq-xa s,estl altnut o]

]snr] ueo no^ 'UlE

^
preqoo,r Eulrlviue op o] ]ou rall

no yed
c

euuv

}l

sem

e st

'r{}uncesur
JO

paria-ueelB eq], se umoul

]lnsal oql uauo sl

ose'
-

'oPls ltlFuq aq]

"rolsuou
-,(ren
s,oH 'uosted o pul),1
uo s)1ool s,{eme pue
,lln,t }leul sselB, e s! ,{tleg e
'unou ro ence[pe e]eudoldde ue q]l^A sacue]ues asaq eaduto3 V

Vocabutary
Collocations 1 Complete these sentences with an appropriate adjective from this Iist. One adjective

is

used more than once.

close
IL__*_

hard

hear4
heavy

serious

Unemployment is a

The forecast for tomorrow is

---

stron -aei
problem nowadays.

for

winds and rain in the west, and

scattered showers elsewhere.

traffic.
c He said he had been held up in
d I went on holiday with a
---- friend.
works to people who have never used a computer
internet
how
the
e Trying to explain

f
2

is

work.

The punishment

for

crimes like murder is life imprisonment.

Complete these sentences with an adverb or a verb from this list in the appropriate
form.

i attentively become
j soundly take

express

find

hard

(x2)

heavily

passionately

-.-J

that I didn't hear my alarm go off.

a I was sleeping so -a solution to the problem of global warming.
b Governments need to =---.c lf you work
, you'll be finished by lunchtime.
the exam three times a yeard You can
and was well over the limit.
e The motorist had been drinking
problem
for
farmers, who need to harvest their
a
f The wet weather is
crops soon.
-.-g Everyone listened
to what the boss was saying.
and almost convinced me he was right.
h The politician argued his point
before I remembered where I had seen him before.
i I had to think
j She
the opinion that there was too much violence on TV.

p
.E
E
0)

-C
+J

(o
.'H

tr

Choose the correct alternative in talics. Sometimes both words are possible.

a When we were on holiday, we went on / took a short / smallcoach trip to Loch Ness.
b lt was a tough / hard decision lo make / do.
c She had spent / passed her life helping others.
d The store has a wide / bt range of products.
e Competition for the contract was fierce / hard.
f People who violate / break the law should be punished.
g I can't afford lo run / keep a car even though I direct / run my own business.
h There are reports of important / seyere delays on the Central Line.
i The motorist admitted to breakin/ passing the speed limit.
j The bookshelf came with ful/ / complete instructions on how to build it.
k I'm afraid I wasn't givng/ paying attention to what she was saying.
I We rented / hired a car for a few days when we were on holiday.
m The band Coldplay will be playing / performin live on TV.
n The dream was so clear / vivid it seemed real.

38

6t

r.l"!L.l^

'a +"o#a '-our +ou I '(1uhLa aJu Lprr.uv\ op uuc adoad

sra#^r+ao -\4+o (uut^r arr2 a.-\aq+ +"alp arsoddo eq+ onuq uue |! sraq+o
eru Gq+ uaq^ afdoed a\^.tot -ro1 (du-^eq poo6 v aq fuu,

ro3. +hq'l',no1 6r1ea1

aen\,r dn u,rns oI 'X.roA *y r* oos L{+ Q -^o ep,s(^1wo" or.l+ q +ho 6.^pg
pao\^ J!a\.{+ \ro +a#a anrre6d o\^rus aq+ uL.t spua'+ q+!/^ aw!+ Dulpueds edoed
t
tl
l'
roj 'a r+"aJ+e sr asp.roxo b".lop
+utl+ pu,1 atdoad w21 'op ut?" atdoad
-eaL{+o

/rl
Se+!^l+?U JAq+O (t,U,^, eJu e.\.1+ -'A^A/ o\.{

ro pus 6.^lpa3.
sh spun tr-r

*l

s4ds Jho +}ll (ur,r ersrn.,t pessgJdgp

aru a/^ 3'I 'pt(2s aa3. sh a)pu uuc +srod ho u! +uana lhlurpd 12 3,o

fl

-ru1rn,-rud ?rshr^,r ^oF aLtA

lt

fuduq

1aa1

aldoed

seXrtu\^r

(1uraw6

?rshr^, +uaqdn '+rera#!p poow rro +"41fl2 ll!^ o+ ua+sll a^^ ?rsh.^, 3'o pul) ott+
(lr'r+ra, uru"
's\^osuor 1o (a,-run v e! roq-{ouu
*nQ poowt rho +"alJ.r0

"rhtv

dOd
JO O\^t+ \O +U +l O+ uA+ll llg * 'U;edO ",q :rzt2[ An\^,t X?OJ
"l9}\,\r
(.ru,^, ur olo +uu-rodr^.r, up s(uld
lglrssul" sr +r -LaLl+aL{A 'sanll Eadoad

arSnr^.r

"rshw

ear6e no oO 'passeJdep ro pes 6ulleel arp nort lr Aderaq lsoq aql s! )tsnnt
'sra]lal lelldec pue
sdots n'seuuoc Fulssltu ue Fulppe'sqderFered lno otu! ll ep!^!C 'esse slqt peeu T

trBd

8ur1u

.E
E

-C
+-J

:l ,

r'

.U,lp

,fie

s.fi,ulaql luern ort JI

ul ullptos das o1Jstlaq "ll )tu[{} uourls

Usllplofi dae o1luelodlul s,l! ses uoutls

(o
..9

l alqBun Js xauosoeu

eABq l,uop ]eq} ssJnlBs,olstll e^allag

slEluafc eulo

q uled acnpsJ ol Jedde UslJ

'BrJ'p nuad aq1

{d'detd,un oxlt po*r{oq,{aql 'u;ouart +sq q}lrv\ Pa}c$ul eJai'A }no} }o sdfl aLl] ueqM

sad{l usorll}ofx,scus,la#lp st{},llo} o} paule} uaoq osls

a stt ulj

JUe a1noJ,a eot aul'Jqualuaj.ol elga lills ejo/v\ q!}rtt,Il

{.1} tEnolq}

sdeo, plnoa ,{aql'reu} paulsal

JoJ fiulur}JsqulurJ

!} 'tuttuuedxa auo ul

or slqe'Bu,a r(uo lo uollelndej sLl} areq,'qs1

r:e .rsulo seaJsL{rvr l}uap$uqc,sp qst} tt}Jo }eH

ses uouJls

'aserqd Uorls ,o pro/rt e ql!,r socuoluos eql elelduoc

'Of,-T suollsenb

ol'r{sll

uo

Ile} e FulnlF rellnl uotuls pallec ueru e reeLl ll!/r^ no g'T q}

zred Sulualstl

Listening

Part 4

f '$ 1.? You will hear part of a radio interview with Jerry, a student
railway. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer (A, B or C).

What was the original purpose of the railway?

A to carry passengers to a large

B to transport oods to the sea

q)

+,

o
o
t-

\
.rJ

town

C to take miners to and from work

What is the main use of the railway now?
A lt is a place that tourists enjoy visiting.
B lt is for villagers to travel to town on.
C lt is a centre for educational visits.
What kind of work does Jerry do?
A He does a range of different jobs.

B He drives the engines.

C He cleans the engines.

Why is repairing engines appropriate work for Jerry?

A He went on trains like this when he was younger.

B He is studying engineering at unlversity.
C He has always found it interesting.

When are the engnes repaired?

A during the spring and summer

B at weekends
C when not many tourists are there

What is the main reason the railway needs money?

A to pay essential employees

B to fund new projects
C to buy coal for the steam trains

Why do some adults particularly enjoy their visit?

A They like to see their children happy.

B They find the visitor centre interesting.
C The train journey reminds them of the past.
40

who works on a

'^Aoqs s,^

oroluol ]e uotltlodtuoc

rno lo rouurm eq] (ecunouue)

,{epu uo (ut

']salel aq] ]e

pueq)

plnolls yro/v\eruotl rno^

'FuloF st asla euoren3 ',ieplnles ]xeu iued

- qm rapuotvt
laeLlclt4
'oFe

s,ool o] (alrnur ]ou)

aJnssajd poolq roll

luo

o] s,rolcop all] o]

olls os 'luacer parl],en BulleeJ uaoq s,aLlS

']callL,lcle U/v\oUI-lleM e /iq
aM asnoq /v\au lno

1l

ru

alll

'/V\OJIO[XO]

no,i o6

,*u*rln-.n^
u*, *5J:;1l''5 t

'Ioa/v\ ]Sel

^uJ.ra^o
-

Ip

lle aauoc palllds

uo ojo/v\

>1eerq)
aql uor.l^

urroJ

oruor.l

]l ]nq 'qcnut quoM ],usl qcleM otll

lOlul/v\ ]sel (uvtop
ualsis Fulleeq lelluac s,looL1cs

(pues)

uarplltlc oLl] llv

'Fupeeds (tlctec)

aq1 pue,{ep Arana (ueec)

stuoor aq1 'pooB elrnb sel ]e pe,iels a/v\ lolot,l

(unq)

'uld

6 ]aup tsnf (uaddeq)

rort ,ineeq

ya

ot,ll

auo ou {oteunuol
uotsoldxa aql q
'aroLl] (odtra)

edoed puesnoql orvrl ',{uedtuoc aBnq e s,}l e

- Jo enllce eql to esual lcorroc eql
'uroJ erlssed

"{eproq

os 'rec o] oru

e^eq

al,l] ecuocll slt,l osol plnoc ot,l

oLl au!]
lxou
aH 'aruelq ol Jlostultl seq uo eg

(urem)

ep reqlo ,{rene slomo} eql (eFueqc)

o/v\ oS

r!

'MOilOTUO]

os'uns lsaq

uoos se os

ii

,iuedutoc aL,} oculs

sllluoru xrs (rano a)4el)
see,iodtua porpunL.l o^tl
]uepunpor (aleur)
- uo otu o} (antB) .--',iepqulq qluealqBe,{u
}l
'anleA leluaurluos seLl

Ser{e

os 'sasseF mau paeu ]qFlLU I yulrll

'uoouraue

srL,ll

r.u,l os 'Fuo ,{ren s,rreq 6 F

]l

orr]-o] rr"^

')4rep {ran esnoq Jno Eu!>1eu seM uapJeF eull ur aor} lle}
!

ol!

E
+.,

Iceq ]! Ioo] I 'euoq loF o/v\ se

a/v\ olrr.,uv\ alorq eleuec,{

]l

o
o
t-

ta|-

']uled oq] uasoqc,ipeere en,aq1

uroorpoq r!aq]
sluered u 'eam
'uoouJoue
slu]
]!

Fusn 'seycerq ul pro/n oql ql!/rt secueluas osot.ll aaduog

o^llce Io e^lssed

oo] sr uorsrnala] /v\au oL.lI e

- ]sa] lno ale] redar uBIsep

Ueolc Ycot,lc
- ]nc ]nc -

Ja^llop olelosop
pF

U/v\op

JeruLUeJe
i
i

'sqre^ eseql lo euo pue euop Fulqlewos

lceroc orll r{}l^ [-e secue]ues eeduog

euop Tulqp.utos aF

aaeq

']uotunjlsul
ejoru peLl I Jl I

lecrsnu e,ied ol uJeal P,l '

e1adtroc e s,]r Iurrl] | 'Iro/v\asnoLl Fuop olell

'IoaM e ocuo pelceiloc s/ L{srqqnr s,edoed 'ure}ug

ul

o^ell

- t leatB ole salzznd pro

pue,{eurno[Fuol e uo or,no
-

'u

olol.u
reuluns ]xau lrlun
lo ]no st ree,i sltl] iepllotl V

euoM pessar p-ileFu erls

e Aq panoilot Fupq se^l or..ls lUBnoql olBuv 'uetuoru e

iol
eq1

']aBroJ ],uoc 'ep e ac!/vq pat oq ol speeu Eop

'r.uooJsselc or.ll olul lq?notq aq ]ou ]snur

pooj

,iue laF l,uop | 'uollsanb all]

plno^

letll

dn ,ipll tpoq am 1,uop q q

'Fulleeu
c

eauetrc o] a^ell

aurl

Jot.lloue
a^,a/v\ ptejle [u,l e

ll,aM'

ereds

aur] enes

(o])

tt

eu!1lo 1no unr

'suosserdxe eseLll

'rvrou FulppaM

atl] lacuec ],uec a/vl os 'no uas uoaq o\eLl

suorlelrnur eL,l] pue 'palooq uaaq pea4e se{./ r.loJnllc ot,ll e

'al/n no secueluas eql lo euos ro cefqns

e lo ),lu!rll ol e^eq Aeu no'ec!o^ a^llce oLll otu! sorreil u!
sqrel enssed eUl BulFueqc'secueuos onlssed eseq ellr/neu

lo auo lo ruJol lcerroc ot

t.lt!/n

secueluas eseq] aeduog tr

aurr tlll,l,r suosserdx3

relnqero

Reading and Use of Engtish Partz

1

You are gong to read a text on page 43 about cooking. For questions

1-10, choose

from the sections (A-D).The sections may be chosen more than once.
Which person

attempts to copy food they had when they were eating out?
has had experience of cooking pre-prepared food?
is considering having cookery tuition?
is sure they will continue to cook well into the future?
learns to cook new things by trial and error?
learned about cooking when they were abroad?

started cooking to save moneY?

thinks they have a natural talent for cooking?
was encouraged to cook by one of their parents?
would like to work in a field related to cookery?

ffi
ffi
ffi
ffi
ffi
ffi
ffi
ffi
ffi
ffi

VocabutarY
Depondent

preposltlons 1 Complete the phrases ln itarbs

n these sentences wlth the correct prepositlons. These

phrases are used in the reading texts.

my opnions'
a I don't lke it when people ask
my friends at the weekends'
b I usually hang out
makn, rneals.
c ln our family, my mother was always n charge
cookin'
d Helen has never been particularly keen
e My dad s always expermentnj- new combrnations of spices.

0)

E
r-,
G)

0)

l(1l_

\
c

..rJ

(,

phfasal vefbs wlth

come 2

My parents think t's a waste to spend too much money

g
h

Many of the world's most famous recpes were tnvented

Do you have any deas

lvly frend

accdent.

-scratch in less than six months.

learned Russ,an

suitable dishes?

-food.
-

Complete these sentences with the appropriate fofm of come and a word from this llst.

F*oss ",x
a

,ou"d

(-r)- ,rP ,e -,Iil

- - they're so expensive lalwayswaittill they

lrarelybuy hardback books
in paperback.

this whle I was cleanng out a cupboard the other day. ls t yours?
bI
for dinner on Saturday, will you?
c you won't forget that Paula and Nck
any good ideas,
d I can't think what to buy Zoe for her birthday. lf you
let me know.

where she was.

she didn't know

When Jane heard the news, she fainted. When she

I'm afrad I'll have to cancel the meeting. Something-

at home'

42

ev
:i1llr.:i:i+;:.,r+i.r;iii.1;ij:i::r;11r:rli+iiir:iil;:u:=':i.jr'r:ii:li

'oror.l] sdr] pooO oulos dn pectd pue eLuti oluos

rol Ae1 ut pa^tl I 'Ino pel,l o^,1 s6urq] Iooc o] polueM lonou
o^,1 lnq 'sodlcer Out1ceoc ponol on,l 'pltqc e sem I o3uts 'Iooo Es
poo6 Aren e st oqnn Mel-ut-Jolsls Auu ulol+ Iol e pouleol | 'Jalel
'0uooc ul sdels lstrl Au eu lq6n-l sluated A6 '6urddoqs
uro sanps 1l pue - llnsol otl] a^ol seme rtstfl ilq - ,sodtcJ
Acuafuaua, osaq} ec Aruq 6 '1o6 a^,o^A leL{A^ luoi1 sedrcel
nneu Outluo^ut pue spteoqdnc pue eOpu,t lno ut 6utoo1 st os
6urop Ao[ue Aeer I ]eqm ]ng 'saqstp uetle]l 6ureu
llorlt
_se
sp'speles Jo] ssapt nau 6utrtr 'suncstq pue soleo uqeul
Aofua /!\oN 'suoturdo Alu lo palse sAafle e1 '6ur1rcxCI senn
I
enn 6uqlJa^o alrl loal ou apeu aq :luaupedxe of

polooc

panol pue loo alsuotssed e sen aH 'LulL{ padeq I pue Aepung st

Aane usqoI otll Ja^o oo1 loLlle+ ALu 'p!>l E enn I uaq6

|aqluolA lnEd-ussr

EI

'uree unrl B Jo$ 1r op o1]uenn l,uplno^^ | lnq 'sluglel

Eurooc Aur Ourotuo o;e uolpltLlc Atu pue pueqsnq Au.r nno

'luauuadxo puB outoLl o6 o1Iue^A auJ apeuj IJo^^ le sedrcel

6urnnoo1 'onennolctlu ot,ll u! 1r 6utcrls pue poo+ 6urlsollep ut
]ueelr Ourooc 'ololoq ]p po>l;o^ q saced u 'sluerpalEur
qsol+ LUor+ Ourq]fuena apeul ]eLlI ]ueJnelsot e ]e looo e seM
A1ee: 'luapl3cg Aq - sqofsnotard iu o suo ul Al.redold
paulpal I uaq} :uno Aian seAA I uaqm }Etl} }o sclseq

Ioos

o1

oll] aul peMoL,ls JotlloLu pue eulpuel6 Au; pue Alaooc rt

ucaxol/r ut aJe slooi A6 'siue:n1sCIJ ul peq aA.l sstlslp
6urlelrur oltl osle 'uo o0 plnoc | - sottJno 'uol3ttJ3 pue qs4

+,

o
o

l(1|-

'sollstp elsed - 6ultlue lsoLule loo3 ll,l nnou lnq 'sluolpelOur

enrsuedxeul Ll]llln sleou edurrs 6urooc pouels | 'sleouJ
uo ssal puads o1 popaou I osneoeq polselolul ]06 loe
poo Allenleu u.r, ourqlaLuo st 6ur>ooc )ultll },uop I

t\

Arure1

c
J

lnq

'18

oluss eullsprlS

EI

'pl;oA otll Jo,t dn 1t enl6l.uplno^

I pue Ourooc leor o^ol I - sleeui Apeat leo ]snl sep eseql
edoed Aueur os nnotl puelslapun l,uop 'eat0e l,uop I Inq
Aauoul pue oulrl +o elsem e s,]l >lutlll Asql'6utooc. ]noqllM Ez
CIAtl l,uplnoo I 1BL1I st puels;opun l,uop slueled Au leQM
's! or.,l ueql Ourooc ]noqe oleuolssed elou.t lol e u,l pue 1eslu 1q6nei Aecrseq 'punotDceq burooc e seLl pep
Auu q6noqllv '11 ]sure6e paprcap o^,1 lnq 'e6eoc tre Ateooc
6urop Inoqs 1q0noq1 I '+ot.lc e aq CI1luerrn I uor1ecnpa Au s
rlslul+ I uaLlM leql MouI Apeete I '1el4l uel{} oloul L4cntu sl
1r Aenlee lnq ',laaA/\ ,Il Iultl} Attill',ououp ilol I Ja^ouot,lM
'spueu+ Aur qlrnn no 6ueq ueU] Al uo soLuLuer0ord pool
qole A Jor{}el ua*a p,l '}a;e}ut lBoJ {uo iltu s,}l '}ol,p
leuolssalo:d rtue se ur>1oo3 uo ugol se LU,l lnq 'uoa]+!] uJ, er

uspos pt

EI

'slupJnelsal Jtgtll +o au;os ]e soslnoc uo o0 o1 olll

eer p,l - pl:o^ otll ul +Btlc }aq aLll t"tlo;+ u:eal o] st urte
A6 'suorleulqLuoc lq6tr eq1 ut sluotpolOul eduls 6utsn sl
lsJoss Ap 'snorrgap Ae1nosqe al,Aaqsalull JCIi{}o }nq '}no
>llor l,uop Aot{tr seut}oulos 'so}se} nau Ll}!n ut}ueuttedxo or
Aq Aurer"u ureal I 'Aep euo o0 o1 adoq I 'uelpul Aetcedse
'poo+ uetsv uo ueol Aeer ul,l - 0utooc Atu olul slnonel+
le0uolls 0urund pouels an, Aluecoi inq :sololossec olll
'sqpuels deeqc 'poo6 1o eOuel e ]oO oA,l 'sMot,ls Allo
solrsqom Areooc ulol+ ole soqstp oulnone+ Aut 'Aepo1'1 s

palol seana I pue 'leoLu Aurel eql0ureu o e6.reqc ut

selrn I suoal Aree Au Aq IeL{} os '6uno sem I uol..,lm looc o}

serlrunuoddo uenlO osle sem I ing ']l t4llm uloq Alqeqold senn
| 'ruol+ seLuoc Dutooc lo+ uotssed Aul aJoqnn olns ]ou tll,l I

rteroug euu

Reading and Use of Engtish Part 1

1, For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits
each gap. There is an example at the beinnng (0).

G)

+,
0)

A new

o
t-

(Ol genre of TV programme began in 2000 when ten volunteers moved

off from the world to live underthe

into a custom-built house (1) _constant gaze of hidden television cameras. BiS Brother \tas an instant hit.
of modern reality telerision and produced
Its success marked the (2)
up about 60 per cent of all
countless imitators. Now, reality television (3)
shows produced around the world.

t1l-

r\

#c

Cadets, ten successful applicar^ts were sent into

ln a show (4)
in Russia,
space in a shuttle. They received two weeks of intensire (5)
hign'-experienced
by
two
into
space
kilometres
100
before being flown
-Space

astronauts. Here, they spent five days orbiting the earth. (6)
-experiments, eating, sleeping, or just looking out of the v,,i',dc,t and watching the
world go (7)
There was just one problem: they weren't actually in space. Tney weren't even in
in the UK.
Russia. They were in a building on a disused army base (8)

--

OA

1A
2A
3A
4A
5A
6A
7A
8A
44

species

class

put

cut

opening

birth

describes

accounts

known

referred

education

training

making

carrying

through

along

somewhere

B anyrwhere

(@
C
C origin
C makes
C labelled
C exercise
C doing
Con
C everywhere
separated

category

ret

foundation

explains

called

learninS

creating

D Dr
D

*,

herever

9V

("'st uorlsenbuo,{6)

'e^ell luol}senbuo eqlsl s!rllUe}s qoloq}saop

uaqg

("'spreBar sy) 'auuerFord ur-auoqd olpeJ e uo paylo^ Jo^eu e^ell

'"

("'

'peu.racuoc are

se leJ sV) 'slueulrtutuoc ture,t u ere eseL{I 'pllr..lc ouo eneLl pue pot;Jetu

ue

("' ol roMSUe u) 'uorlsenb

puocos .no{ o} lo/v\sue ,{u s,1eq1 's.lea ooJLl} JoJ sa}e}s pa}lun aq} ul pollo/v\ I q
("'
("'

spreEer sy) 'uorsl^elel u Euloan,iofue,{eer

'lel oF ol ueql pappap

pte7et
an'eproq
)awwns
)no
ol
tllltl
J,ue^eq
lxeu
ol pteFu Lfillil'el epoq )awwns lxau )no n1oF ol uaql
eA
peplcap J,ua^eq

3'ldnvx3
'SpIO/rA

erOtu ,O

euo lltuo Jo ppp sosec euos ur pue ocuoluos lsrlJ eqt lo Japro pro/n eql alueqc ol eleq
eu no'slelcerq u! suolsseldxe Eulsncol eql Fulppe'moaq e-e socueluas elu/na, oN Z
^

liii]'i+

o
E

+,
o)

ll.l-

N
..rJ

c
.

::ii:l

'peorqe

Eul>llorvr ur

polsalolul ,{Uelnct}.led }ou

'ueueJouec AI e se

r.Ll,

'ou

.]

se^ qo|lsel ,iru g

Eur.ro/v\

'enluene ueduoc uorlcnpord uvro u unr o] adoq t

I
'urer] ,iq EulllaneJl ueq] raqler Funup o] pasn ue I t
Ie
'r..llr/v\

IJo/v\ o] r{sea Fuaq

lo} uot}e}ndel e o^eLl

srseq eem e ro,{rnoq ue uo pted eq I lll/v\ T

sFupu3

'sued ura] Euol {ur o} uo Eurno^

'sanBeeoc r.llliv\ uo EulueB JoJ sV o

sy

'ecueuadxo ]uecat spleFar

sV

'peu;ecuoc sl FulllaAeJ] se reJ

',{lees u EurpleBeg

ul

'uorlsenb puocas lno o] lo/v\sue

sFu!uulFeg
'uanlF s eduexe

uV'g-tr Fulpue elqellns e qtur^ -e FuuuFeq e qctew

lreura

T,

/ rauat - zted 8ut1u

Vocabu[ary
Gompound

nouns L

Use a word from each !ist, A and B. Form compound nouns to complete sentences a-9.
Some compounds are written as one word, some as two. Check in a dictionary.

j assistant

board

A"*,

**
c,

_.-

;t;--reade

----l
;

wasn't very helpful. lt was five minutes before he served me.

a The

can find information on the internet.

It's incredible how quickly a

Whatl'dreallyliketobeisa-'l'denjoyteachingstudentsand
researching my subject.

I was under so much pressure at work last year

When you're using a computer, make sure

you could get back pains.

Our college has its own

offer.

Did you see

that I nearly had a nervous

the

is at the right height or

where you can find out about every course on

that

on Channel One last night? He couldn't stop

laughing at one of the stories.

.g

so and

E
@

.tc

such 2

with the words provided. In each case, your answers

Rewrite these sentences starting
should include so instead of such or such instead of so.
a

Maria works so hard that she always gets the highest marks.

John has such a hgh lQ that he got into university when he was fourteen.

Maria is
John's lQ

Claudia is such a fast writer that she always finishes first.

Claudia writes

I know so many people who wish they hadn't lef[ school at sixteen.
I know

e Some people have such

Some people's jobs are

46

boring jobs that they can't wait to retire.

LV

IAAM ]xou rOleJOCAp Aq] AOS O] OFuerJe C

auoLld oLl] uo Jolerosap oll] o]

Ieods g

raruea ouoc o] rolelocop or.l] )4se

op o] oorBe iaql op leq6

'sued JlaLll ]noqe Fuulel ueuro^ e pue ueul e Jeall no^ 8
'sacuenbesuoc snouos oneq llr^ C

'uorlecnpa poor.lplrr.lc ree olur L{cieeseJ

'clseq ellnb are g

'Fuspdrnsun are V
sBupur or..l] slulq] or.lS
}noqe Eulllel ueuo^ e reaLl no
slouuellc AI Jo o3ror.l3 eql c
eq] g
setuuerBord

1o

,irenb

mes aq] ul4 relncryed

eV

uorleslanuoc rol] o crdol ureu all] s! ]eL{M

'uorsrnala] ]noqe Euylel adoed o/v\] reaL,l

no
g

ell}

Euueddeq s,]er.lm ]no pu4 uec no cnb moq

puu uec nor{ uor}euroJur punorDlceQ Jo }unoue

sradedsneu ,inq o] onurluoc adoad ]eL{} }ce} aq} V

]noqe pesudrns s! oL1 ,{es eq saop }eqM
']auralur oL{}
Fuulel ouoauos ieall no^ 9
}noqe
'a^rlce aq ol sreerd eg C

.ro

o
E

.t

'suods

1e pooF sl

oH g

:reBeuea] lecld,{l e s! aH V
llostulr..l ]noqe es eq soop ]eqM
'uorsrnala] uo saLlcle^ aq ]eqm ]noqe Eulllel aleueel e reaL,l no n

slerles uorsrnalal ureuac Jo saposrda ernln 3

sarqeq s,edoad snotueJ

snoueJ pue
'spear

oL.ls

L,lcu

are

oLuv\

adoed Jo sauoq

oq] v

]noqe sarjols Jo spurl oluno^e} roLl are ]eL{M

sourzeBetr aLl] ]noqe Fuulel ouoauos reaLl no^
s^ au suods aLl]
S/vlou lelcueuU

oL]] g

saurlpeaLl or.,l]

]sJlJ ]e yool or.,l saop radedsnau aq] Jo Ued qcllyv\ '.rorvr o] ,{em aL{} uO

's]lqeLl Fulpeer srLl ]noqe pa^ or^Jalul Fulaq auoauos reoL{

s^ au

no

lecol

sorlols s^ ou uBleroJ

alll peal oqm adoed aull

SalJolS S/v\au

Fullserelur ]sotu puu alls soop ]eqM

'orper aLll uo auuerBo.rd svreu e o] Fu!uelsrl lnoqe FuUlel euoorlos reaq no^ tr
'(O o g 'y) remsue lseq eql osool.lc

'g-tr suosenb ,oJ 'suoltentls luoroltlp tqFla ul Fullle adoed reaq llr/n no^ B'T $
T

lred

Sulualstl

Vocabu[ary
@ enrasal verbs with so

Replace the verbs in tatics in these sentences with the correct form of o and one of
the words below.
,

aftgl

11e

*ith by on

tnrougn ,p

a When you're looking fonvard to something, time passes very slowly.

b lf you follow him, you might catch him before he gets on the train.
c I don't understand what's wrong with my work. Can you explain it again, please?
d There was a lot of noise outside our apartment, so we looked out of the window to
see what was happening.

e I'm afraid the price of petrol is likely to increase again next month.
f Sorry, but I can't accept that idea.

Reading and Use of Engtish

Part 5

1 You are gong to read an article on page 49 about

radio in rural Africa. For questions

1-6, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best according to the text.
1, What is the main purpose of the first paragraph of this article?
A to tell the reader about the economy of rural Kenya

B to give background information about a local problem

C to introduce the tea and coffee farmer, lsaac Kinyua
D to illustrate the effects of bad weather conditions

.g

o
E

What do we learn about the accident in which the girl was killed?

A People had not been told bad weather was on its way.
B On that day, there had been poor radio reception.

@
.'ri

tr

C People in the area had refused to leave their homes.

D Nobody had expected heavy rain at that time of the year.

What is Winfred Chege's attitude to the sound of the radio in the town?

A She is against it because it is very loud.

B She welcomes music being played in public.
C She finds the interruptions annoying.
D She finds the weather news useful.

What does the fact that Winfred Chege puts on a 'heavy sweater' suggest?

A She is finishing work for the day.

B She thinks t is going to rain hard.
C She is preparing herself for the night.
D She thinks the temperature is going to drop.

What was the problem with weather forecasting methods before the arrival of local
radio?

A They relied on natural sins.

B They only covered short periods.

48

C They did not relate to the local area.

D They were based on old-fashioned beliefs.
What is special about the radios gven to poor communities?
A They are easy to use.
B They do not use electricity.
C They cost nothing to use.
D They do not need charging.

.g

E
o
E

@
.rJ

Jol sllpm pue Jelea*rs .teaq e uo slnd uaql aLlS 'ualJpp

.'slsPfeJoJ

,'op ol leqm MouI I MoN, 'ses

er.ls ,'sulauBd Jaqleem tu.lel-.aEuol pue -uot{s }o strJal
u! sn punore sl ]eq/v\ ou,l ol sn padleq seq trl 'paqstlqelsa
^
aq] e)uls, 'ssed ol utpJ aLll
sem uollpls olpeJ A1untur.uo)

'uollpurolur ssaff,B o1 aldoad ueu rc em lsedeaq atll

sureual orppJ 'leuosees e;p sJelseslp leJnleu pup au yanod
aq] Moaq so^ll uonelndod aqt lletl lsotulp oroqm fu1uno: e u

ol u! aunl 11sea ue) aqt tetll os aBleqr ol 6olout{)e1

rplos pue dn-purm osn teql sle8peE adu1s sotllunuruof

to

"rood eq1 errlB ose a A, 'Juaul.ede6 er1Boo.toelew euey

arll le rol)aJlp lndep 'afuaquy Jalad ses ,'qEnolp pue

Eupoop sB Ll)ns sJelseslp of alqpleulnl spa.le u! paseq

aJe, suorJPls 'srl Ez uet{] eJout }o snlpel e ut }sPfppoJq
uef, pue Jeluusuerl P q]$ auo) suollels oql 'alqellP^e
aJoqm 1r:upa1a.ro .l(Beua Jelos q pelamod 'suottreJs

r(trruntrurol qfns rno spr..l r*ou euay 'olppr pue leuJalul

Eursn solunuuof lplnl o1 uolleulJoJut alpulll pue
lpll^ llrusueJl ol peqsllqetsa lrafo.d 13NVU eqo'E
oql pue er(uay 13NVU Jo ued s! uotlPls eruaEuey eq1

rCIqteam

*s

su

s:

ol ul6aq aloqe salls aqt se punolE aql uo salqela6al pue 0r

Itnr, aql ra^o ll llor ot sut8aq pue llpls ot.} Jo aEpe auo
olul pallnl Jo^of, r11se1d E lno s'1nd aq5 epplu JaUE
seJnuru Ma, e evzvp orros eq o] ,{le>{n sl aJaql asnPf,aq
Eululotu '1e 6u1es uaaq seq eLls poo aql rallotls ot em
e pu ol seq aqs smoul eEaql 'paqslug seq Jeluese.ld
aql uaq^'slsef,aJo} Jaqlea/v\ .to uodnJjatu! lPuolspl)o
aql lnq frsnu aql lou sr lenamoq 'srap'oqllels aLll Jo
euo 'aEaq) parlul^ Jo uolluap aql sqel6 leq 'Pare
Eulddoqs s,euaEuey u1 upelq olppr aqt pulJ o1 ddeq s1
aq 'Bulddoqs sao8 enu1y uaq^ 'ltsnu le)ol o 1ue1d Hlyvr
sJeuelsll sl)eJup 'uorleJs lpf,ol s,euta8uey 'I3NyU euaBuey

sz

'soruoLl Jleql a^Bal ol

aldoad jo sparpunq palroJ pue pE po-lea-gI e pallpl tet{l

.'eBenEuel lerol aql ul

lrunuuol aql o1 pae'al uaql eJe qlelap aq 'eqle,Euey

sr(es , ,l(lnp uo Jaluosa.rd olper eql o] passed pue uollels
teqlesm lrlpruolnp aql uJoJ, ualet ale s8ulpeel JaqJPe\,
'uollpls Jaqleam Buu1o[pe ue uoJJ s]oda.l le'n8al soJn]pa]
uollels aq1 epo1 'urals5 uolleflunutuo) leuJalul pup
olpPu - 13NVU Qlunuruof lprru aql pue luauede6
lerlEoo.roalew euey oql ueemleq uolleloqpllof ,o ]lnseJ
aql l1e uo truam IINVU euaBuey uaqm '8002 fuenlqa
u1 pa8ueq) teq_L 'eJeJnffe ser*1e lou pue tu.rel-Euo1
uoljo ereM slselaJoj asoqf 'sleurlue pll/v\ lo ser Eutfuen
aLll pue euey 'lW uo sla^el Eo pue Mous eql 'pelemog
saaJl qllq/v\ le seull eql Eulpn:ur 'spoqletu EullsEf,aloJ
Jaqleam leuorltperl uo er ol pasn adoed 'Jsed oUl ul

oe

eprlspuel e lo uro eql u! I)nJls ApaEB.lt 'ualss Eulule*t

rea ou peq euaEuey ueqm 'oEe s.lear( eoJql lsnf 'enutx !I
ses .'sap1spuel pue

jo

leqleom otl] ul saBueqr papadxaun

asnpf,aq aJaq ]uel.lodtut rfuarr s! sseupaJeded lalsest6,

'Jaqua)a6 pup JaqualoN ut peradxo

aJP sule; rtreaq

leql peshpe Euu.re/v\ JuofoJ aug 'uollpls olpeJ llunutuor

solta)al aq 'ope; aqeyod

u, q.reau aLll ruoJ, suale Jeqlpem

at

sp{ o} ur saun} enury uoLlm 'a1e1 asnp)eg mou q

'Molaq a'en aqt ol ldeels sllp, puel

ov

aL{} aJaqm 'esnoq stq Jo ep}s ulatrsea aLl} uo llem a}aJf,uo3 e

Eulp'rnq Jo uorlnera.rd eq1 6ue1 Mou st enu1y uospeJ auo

seprlspue q 1gq euotse)f,o oslp ere saplsllltl eql lng

rttuouofa ue

'runor eql ,o s]ed Jaqlo

'fu1uno: oLl] Jo syed

lsalurel aql Jo euo 'pere slql ul dn merE oqr* 'eqla.Buey
leqdso 'uortre1s olper aq] jo aEreq: ul relJlo aql ol
6u1pro:re 'oEB s.rea MaJ e llnl$]lp ueaq alpll plnom lpql

.larro eEeluelpe

euey lertuar Eun1E 'pooq1a,rll p q]t't tue slt{ pup

ulq

peppro.rd 6uo erreq er(uay u! auoq s,en;(uty f,pesl punolp

I
saplslllr.l aqt uo 6utto.t saqsnq aalol pue eat

aq+

d Pete

Grammar

Delia Oh, because

Reported speech

Andy told his wife to hurry up, adding that they were going

Pete

to be late.
Andy
Sylvia asked him if he thought she should wear her long
dress or her short stripy one.
Sylvia
Andy suggested she wore her black dress.
Andy
Sylvia told him that she couldn't because it was at the
dry-cleane r's.
Sylvia

Andy said he didn't care what she wore, but that if they
were late, he miht lose his job.
Andy

Report the following conversations, using the verbs in

brackets. Use conjunctions to join short sentences together
where possible and make any other necessary changes. The
first one is done as an example.

a Paul
.g

l'iJ

0)

Would you like to come to my party next Saturday?

(invite) Pete and John are coming, so there'll be
some people there that you know. (add)

(@

+,

'tr

would be eome people there that she Knew.

Delia

Yes, I'd love to. (say) What time does it start? (ask)

Paul

About ten, but you can come when you like. (reply)

b Delia

l've been invited to Paul's party. (say)

Angie When is it? (ask)

Delia On Saturday.

(reply) I don't want to go, but

couldn't say no. (add)

Angie

Why don't you phone him on Saturday and say you

don't feel well? (suggest)

c Mum

Now, don't make too much noise. (warn)

don't want any complaints from the neihbours.
I

(add)

Paul

50

won't. (promise)

everyone said it would be boring.

(reply)

Write these sentences in direct speech.

Why didn't you come to Paul's party, Delia? (ask)

I really enjoyed it. (say) lt didn't finish till after four.

Angie and John were there. (add)

Rewrite these sentences in reported speech. Choose the

most appropriate reporting verb from this list, usingl each
verb once only.

ti:iler{g
a

iffi

'Don't speak with your mouth full, John!'

John's mother

'Remember to get your father a birthday present, Laura.'

Laura's mother

'Don't cross the road here, Tom! lt's not safe.'

The man
'You really must let me pay.'
David

'Let's try that new Chinese restaurant in King Street.'

Susie

T9

uorlels aq] o] loF uec I odotl I 'Ycolc,o

'Icolc,o g q
]e uollels otll oplslno ]aou o] poBuerJe aM

'antleurolut pue Fu!]selelur are,{Eoour.lco} pue acuarcs }noqe sauuerFotd 'uolutdo

,{ru u ,{Foouqce} pue ocuercs }noqe setuue.lBord oper Fu!}sale}ul ,{ueu ale oJot.ll

'Eulualsll a.re no,{ ollrliv\ Fu!q}auos op uec no

]eL{} sl aBe}uenpe }sr4

al{l 'uotst^ala} ro^o seL,l

orper seBeluenpe o/v\] Jo IUlLll uec

'socuarpne

elre slefl pue ecnpord o] deaqc st orpel lecol 'uorlua^ur luellluq e st o!pel leco-'l e
'uolllladel plone ol se os sred asaLll lo qcee u! acuolues puoces aqt elUA eU

'ur palsoralu ,ieer s,aq Fultllou

s,aleq] 'leql se ilall sV / rcql wot tedy 'suode.l spods ot,ll speal s,{eane leqlolq ,{6 t
'ppo^ aLl] ul uo EuoE s,]eq/v\ q peleutcse
we1'fuetluocotllug /ssaaqua^aN's/v\ou oL.ll ul ]sololul ou onell llult,l],{eu no e
'.adedsrvreu e Jo seFed ou] Fulurn] ]noqe Ful,itslles Bultllauos
enuoc A 'Al uo s/v\au oLl] tlclem o] Jolsea qcnu s,ll p
s,olotll 'pueq )eqlo aql

uO

'euo ltlFnoq en1ce I aLU!]

q / lsetluoc g 'mou sradedsmau peor lona ,{lpleq I c
]sel eLf] raquouol l,uec
l'lceJ
'Uleuelua ol Sl eloJ sll ,iepo]
q7noqUe'slv\ou eq] Uoder o] sem .lededsmau e Jo olol aq] ']sed aq] ul q

seuoql

.r()

o
E

alou 'ecuepq ug / rcnano 'sladedsneu

'aulluo s/v\au aul Eulpeal ele edoad

Bur,{nq ere edoad tame pue lalvtal'epo1 e

'secueluas flurnoo eq eeduoc ol aserqd Jo pJo/n lceroc or.lt osooqC tr

.!c,

tred

8ul1ll

']noun]sal]a]]eqaLl]-(g)8urmarns.jnoqueJ|eq
la8,(uo uer

aLl

::rnb

l:soru

(/)

sauaileq dn asn t,uplp ll pue ra88rq sEM uaalrs

(9) panordLul aq plno)

aqt

touuef no,( tq8r lq8rrq

ur

Al

Jo

uos sLlt sa^arlaq Ined ,'alntld aqr

aas

(5) 'srooplno lr asn ol Pelue^ | 'uloolqleq aqr

ur

I asn ,'srea lera^as ro; Al ra:od e pau^^o

(7) a:se:preH Ined

- I sasn aq se A1 aqr 8ur,(nq rarBar lou saop tnq 'ueu laSpe8 e sr aq tellt sttupe

',(ep,fuana

(g) poo8 st uotdaar

ltols ,'leuae aqr Jo luol; -ut sa^our Surqrou se 8uo
aq1.SauoqdpeaqL{]lMUa^at-(z)pnot]ouSl]l]eq]sruuaqolduleLuaq1
.s.llPJJe]Ua]lnfH]!n-()8urdaato;poo8oS|eSl]l]nq,]uauuule].la]UaloJ

I
l,

asn 'sa,(a uu

surers raSuo ue se'Jnoq ue tnoqe tsel qlrLlM sauuuer8old q:renr,(uo

(o) hr azrsaa:od sltl sa^ol ueu/v\aN llo)s

'paq ur saL{fte^ ,(ureuu

aq---wq-

'(O) FuluulFeq eq le elduexo ue s! oJeql'deF qcee u! pro/r^ euo Auo as

'deE qcee slll lseq qc!Ll/r^ pJo/\A eql lo ),lu!tll pue /notaq txal eqt peal 'g-tr suollsenb oJ

T,

zred Llstl8ul Jo asn pue Eulpeau

Listening

Part 4

1 {}

1.9 You will hear part of a radio interview with an environmentalist, Danie! James,
about the Eden Project. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer (A, B or C).

1, what interests Daniel about visitors to the Eden project?

A They mainly come from other parts of the UK.

,tf
o=

B Around a third have never been to Cornwall before.

C They are happy to pay to visit it.

tor_
(o

CE

.t

'C

o)

What does Daniel say about the conservatories?

A
B

+r

They are round in shape.

They will need to be replaced in 25 years' time.
They are made of two different materials.

What does the Humid Tropics Biome mainly contain?

A plants which bear edible fruit

B plants from tropical forests

C plants used in construction

ln what way is the third biome different?

A lt contains plants from Asia and Australia.

B lt isn't covered.
C lt contains more varied

plants.
What is the main aim of the Eden project?

A to conserve endangered plant species

B to study how plants and trees grow

C to show the connection between plants and people

What kind of people does the Eden Project especially want to attract?
A people who haven't sot much interest in environmental issues

B people who are interested in the environment

C people who belong to environmental groups

What does Daniel say about the majority of the people who visit the Eden project?
A They arrive at 9 a.m. or after 2.30 p.m.

B
C
52

They don't have time to look at all the exhibits.

They spend three to four hours there.

I
I

E9

a^eLl

]rlBlu

I ),lull1] |

ollue u

Iool

e
.*,

']r uoYorq
no pno3

of EuloB sem aq pue 's;eo,i entl ut eptoq ]sl!J sltl se/v\ ]l tl

]sotu aU]

'loot,lcs

}esselFo,tds.ualptL,|cllaLl}}Sala}UlUP-plnoL,|SS}ualedF
so).leu

'{rEue sreed raq}o otl}

-']!

]rporc oq]

s!r.11

lle

ol,l 'llo/v\ s,ied

flliclnb
raqlo aql

ueo] aq] Jl t
sioquatu

^ra aqs uaqM

eqs 'qnlc slll paulol
'ool'u!l e euruif a lB

spuau,t

p,l ples l)jceq aql ur uosiad raqloue

ulool

'l!

no,(

'safn[u! ]aq

pooB e

tceluoc

ueC p

pulru

- e peal ot palr I os
- ']sl Eu!^up,{r.! }noqe snoru3u
^ru
,(llear se^
ot eurzeFelu

f
!

o
r-

ro

cn

tr

sl

]auef

- ^Jo^ocar
'alel
plno/'^
aq
o ouo^ue
- sltqoul ltaql e
^aql,(es
l,uplnoc- allt os ButIJo/'^ ].use/t^
-r ,Jo-o--[- ruoll-lq -q
'suottsodad

esaq Jo euo pup u.rro peJroc eqt

atlet to atleur qt!r seoueluos aseq eteldujoC

a^lleuJall? pooB e sr ]clold uap aql ol l!s!^

'r,cPaq aql ]e,(ep e

'stuetd pup atdoad

jno

etlelque e\eu qin suoecoog @

dlqsuolleloJ aql1o Fulpuelsrapun

uorlnqutuoc lueuodtul up eeu ol sadoq lca[oid uap] 31]I

'pefold 3ql ol la; ol uodsueil

ueq e l,ust araql qBnoqUV l

orlqnd esn ol aldoad Jalord plno/'^ aql'srec

'asessrp
ernsua ol aullueJenb olul ]nd eie slueld pauodul llv B

lo peords- aql

'Llcleu
alqereduoc
o]
e
acud
aq]
dol
e
aes
]acltr
lleqlool
,to
pautplduoc ^eq atdoad lecol
st tlc!q/'^'acud uolsslupe qBIq aqr
J
polsa^u! oslP sstueduoc ^ue!\l
leco'l e

'ouror.lcs sl]l

popunl

se/v\ r]clqm

^q

,(guoru

posoddo oJa

'lcalord aU]

^lued
'Luouoca leool aql

suos
aldoed ^jaDol
aql

lceJje e^trsod e peq seq lcaloJd

'l!

p
a

uo ).Uo^^ o1 alqe aq o sqot pooB

pa^allaq siolea]c quep3 q

dn a^e? ,(ueu ]eq ,(lBuolls os lcafoJd aql

'uoipllr.lc pue sllnpe qloq

sleadde lsalord uapl olll e
i o_l y9 ,l - y?9^r'q ]:YL9E'* 119-9']
'lsll s!r{} LUorJ uolltsoded eleudordde
ue Ll}!/r^ secue}ues esoq} a}elduoC tr
-

suolllsodad luepuadoo

lenqero

Reading and Use of Engtish

1

Part 5

You are gong to read an article about predicting earthquakes. For questions 1-6,
choose the answer (4, B, C or D) which you think fits best accordin to the text.

rS9.qq:@qirlti rtkbff.ftky,.virerdy,evqy'cdtuie. ii i{oe.rlltiriua, behaior s,.}e$.Iated n mS{'6,{q'.irtl

::&.4.ry'..,@.:l @6t@s-f t}{,6r/af .anima} .behaviotv i spdde*,as.wli incMirg Sshi,r@;,e!'d SEo:@'1hid@qe
ptb tc cfft'q.trls dld to a bsEer erdeflt, vdcanb eruptiors, hx
beiraioLr can occur at any time in drarre d a q-ake - from

conventional science has nsrer been abte

r the phenomenon,

to

adequatety explain

weeks to seconds.
A number of theories have been proposed to explain

this phenomenon, and what the signals that the

*nanimals are picking up on might be, Because

Neverthelesq theChinese andJapanese have used such observations

for hundreds of years as an important part of their earthquake

many animals possess auditory capacities beyond

warning systems.

Most slgnificantly, on

February

r* successfully evacuated the city

I975, the

the human range,

Chinese

of Haicheng several hours

ss

on observations of

Helmut Tributsch's classic work on the subject of

o
l-

earthquakes and unusual animal behaviour

Snakes

Awake *

Wfien the

details nurnerous consistent accounts

the phenonrencn from all over the world. However,

(o

of

o)
+,
E

although these behaviour patterns are very well-documented,

that this is what the animals are picking up on,

most American specialists do not take them very seriously.

ro ln fact, most conventional geologists do not believe that
there are any earthquake prediction techniques which
perform any betler than chance; this includes unusual
animal behaviour: ln fact, the notion that odd animal
behaviour can help people predict earthquakes is
rs prceived by most traditionat geotogists in the
West as folklore and is often treated as seriously
as sightings of ghosta Elvis Prestey, and the Loch

Other mysterious phenomena are oflen connected

with earthquakes, The regular eruptions of geysers
have been interrupted. Water levels in wells have
been reported to change, or the water itself has
become cloudy. Magnets have been said to lose
their power tempor:arily. Many people report

as

that there is suddenly an inexplicable stillness

o in the air, and that all around them becomes
completely silent. Strange lights are often
seen glowing from the earth, and unusual
fogs have been reported. These phenomena
are all consistent with the notion that the odd

Ness Monster.

so

Unusual behaviour is difficuft to define, and

determining if there is a pical behaviour
pattern is not a simple, clear-cut process,
although there are some distinct patterns
which have emerged, An example of this,

rs animal behaviour

CIr barik

for hours, and

others

fact that a number of people even claim to have

sighted UFOs hovering around earthquake sites.
Currently, Western science does

run away in panic. Equally pical is the

phenomenon of wild animals losing
their usual fear of people,
+c

54

Although the rnajori of accounts

relate to dogs and cats, there are
also many staries about other types
of anirnal in the wifd, on farms, and ln

may result from changes in the

earth's electromagnetic field. More puzzling is the

which has often been reported, is an

:s intense fear that appears to make some
animals cry

the

crth's surface,

Another possibili is fluctuations in the earth's

magnetic eld, Because some animals have a
sensitivity to variations in the earth's magnetic
field (usually as a means of orientation), and since
o*variations in the magnetic field occur near the
epicentres of earthqukes, t has been suggested

unusual animal behaviour.

a
f
!
C
f

has been suggested that

as xmicroseisms from rock breaking below

before a 7.3 magnitude earthquake, saving nearly 9O,0O0

lives. This was based prirnarily

it

some animals may be reacting to ultrasound emilled

anreliable means

not have

any

of forecasting

earthquakes, Any
clues that may be used to help us predict when

and where the next quake is coming should be

approached with an open mind.

Glossary

microseism: a weak, persistently-recurring

earth tremor

99

unoN

'sqra^ tool esaql

o^rosqo

oAeLloq

lupard

uJoJrad

aullap

rncco

uteldxo

]seFEns

]cear

alenlsnlJ

,{len

Idnra

qlaA

unoN

qroA

uorl epeu spto/n ql!/Y\ elqel slql elalduoc

tr

Fupnq po/n

renqPloA
rncco ll!M salenbquea uoq/v\ lclpard o] olqlssodul! sl ll O
.pulru punos
Jo ]ou ore selenbquea ]clperd uec aq],{es oqm adoe c
'saenbqlleo ]ctpold ol rnoq ]noqe seopr /v\eu o] ualsll plnoqs slsllualcs ulolsaM g
'seenbqllee pue rnot^elloq leutue uo euop eq ol poou solpnls aron v

oleu ot Eul,{rt st alclue

a
C

uleu all} sl }eLlM

lnoqe poujosuoc s! 3H o

aq} Jo ra}lllv\ eq} tulod

'sulelc

!=

oL.l]

aH

'uleldxa o] ]lncuJlp srrlelc aL{} spu!} oH

=
o

'sutelc

t-

(()

oLl] q Pestrdrns s!

'enr qeqord e.le sulelc otl] slultl] aH V

cD

solls
eenbqyeo punore uaos uaaq a^eLl soln ]ell] sulelc o] ]ceoj rellJ/v\ elll seop /v\oH

.1J

tr

'ace}JnS S,queo

OL,l]

/v\olAq Spunos pnol leaq

,ieql

'sleuEeu o] o^tllsuas,{lt,lBtq are aq1 I

'plol cllauBeu s,L,lueo oL,l] ul seBueqc osuos,{eq1 g
'o^oul ol FuluulBaq Llueo oLl] leoJ ,{eqt v
Jnotneqaq eBuells ,sleLulue Jo osnec eqssod e sl ]eqM

'aulotl tuoll

eme un.l

slad

ouos

'edoad Jo pouall.lFuJ euocaq sleulue llV C

.sleutue
lnol^eqeq
uell]
loqlo
lensnun elou /v\otls sBop pue slec I
A otls sleulue pa}ecl}sotuop pue plliv\ L.l}o8 v
lnor^eL{eq lensnun

e>4enbqUeo ue ololaq a^el,laq sleujrue /v\ol{ }noqe,{es.le}unn eLl} seop }eLlM

rnol^eqeq leulue lensnun o,ipnls cullualcs uoddns o

'se>lenbquee
Fullclpatd
,to ,{en elns ou sl aloLl} onallaq C
s a\e/^V saYeus aq] ueq\ ){u!L|l I
'pot,lcreesar-lla/v\

'saenbqlreo lclpald o] rnolneqaq leulue lensnun osn V

slslFoloaF leuotlua^uoc lsoLu 'olclue

] ror'"'":'JI',

aL{}

}o lo}lrm

aL,|}

o} Fuploccy

;i'j':::: :::",:H l:l'J:: ;L:i:'::i

'seenbqlreo ]clpord o]

ll asn solrlunoc ,{ue6 g

}l v

'puo/v\ eq] ul araqm,{rena ueddeq }ou saop

seenbqyea
oJoJaq lnotnelloq

,{es .la}tln aLl} seop }eqM

leutue lensnun lo ocuallncco alll ]noqe

Gfammaf
Relatve clauses
1

Unted's second goal

was scored in the

final minute won them the cup.

i
followng

Decde whether the relatve clauses n the

sentences are defining (they contan essental informa on)

nondefning (they contaln nonssental nformaton). lf

clause is non{eflnlng, add

commas.

or
the

Sally,s gong out wth someone

Jason's party'

she met at

Not surprisingly, we never got back the thngs

we'd reported stolen.

k We,ll be staying at the Seaview Hotel _

s on
the seafront2oth
century combines the words 'smoke' and 'fog'.
lrhebesttmetogotosco andsJune
the
weather
s warmer.
b ln the late 19th century, London which was known as 'The
Big Smoke' suffered almost constant foggy condtions. m I've decded I don't lke the shoes
I bought
on Saturday.
c At that time fog was manly caused by the smoke which
came from the coal fres burnng in thousands of homes. n The Hlton s expensve
is what you d
expect. After all, it is a five-star hotel.
d The worst recorded London smog was in 1952 when
4,000 people died n the week that it lasted.
o The girl over there
s-talking to John used
to go to my school.
e Because of the poor visiblity which was often less than
one metre dozens died in road accidents
g ln whlch sentences above could
- the relative pronoun be
f These days smog which particularly affects people who
omtted?
have respiratory problems is mainlv caused when fuel
4 Rewrite these formal sentences
more nformally, leaving out
emissons from cars react wth .rnlnnt n nrm. .ilt
pronoun
the relatve
where possible.
atmospheric condtons.
a The guest house at whch we stayed when we were in
g The countres whose ndustral economies have
Prague was rght n the city centre
accelerated almost overnight, namely china and lndia,
a

a
l

The word 'smog'whch was coned in the early

have the worst air pollution.

5
o
E

The industres which pollute the most are those

use fossil fuels like coal.

To date,
CO2

cn

. 2
=

which

The travel agency through which we booked our holiday

was excellent.

The tour, about which we had heard so much, was

definitely worth going on.

The audio guide, without which we would have been lost,

was available in several languages.

The 10.05 from London to Nonvich

is due
to arrive at Platform 1 will call at Colchester, lpswich and
Nonruich.

We'll have the party next Frday

he comes out of hospital.

The golden eagle

What's the name of the girl

Chris Small? ls it Louise?

is the

day

by
f
speces.

eggs are stolen

unscrupulous collectors is now an endangered

e Can you think of any

- reason

got married to
he might have

done it?

I don't know of any restaurants

a decent meal for under Lts.

you can get

What's the name of that singer

number one last month? The one
own songs.

record was
writes his

56

The couple with whom we shared our table at lunch were

from Poland.

the US president who has done most to improve

emissions in that country is President Obama.

Complete these sentences with appropriate relative

pronouns. There may be more than one possible answer. Add
commas if the clause is non-definlng.

The holiday, to which weh looked fonvard so much, was

over too soon.

L9

'orluac u^ o] aq] u! uollnllod

Jo

]unoue oq] osnpor plnoM no/i'soFueL,lc palsoBBns all] paluauedu

no

'sasnq pue slxe]

'soM olle uo pue reqlaBo]le erluoc umo] ot.ll olul FuloB uorJ srec ueq plnoc

no

',ieles sa),lq roq] aneo uec edoed ereqnn'scer elc,iclq orotu llelsut plnoqs

no

'arluoc umo] aL{} o}ur }iodsuei} ooll aprnord plnoc no,i pue 'Fur>1red deeqc Ll}r/v\ u/v\o}
aql oprslno red )eJ e plrnq plnoc no^ 'oulaqcs oprJ-pue-y rcd e acnpollut plnoc no^

edoed elernocue ]LlElrx

1r

'enrsuedxo oJour

'or.uoL.l le srec JraLl] o^eal o]

oJluoc u/v\o] oL1] u! Fu!>4red epeu no,i e
erou seep! aseql elUA aU T

'enssed eql Fulsn euro

Uodau -ZredButlrr
@

:f
!
C
f

'A0oou qce+

l-

ro

rvtut

cn

oNtlg

c,

9NOUTS

I3S

,l,\oNx

+J

o-oLl+-Jo-o+o+s opn cu I l/!\ tlol t l/v\' odso

I

eA3 0uA1 /v\eu o Oupnq

puo

uo0eq

uol+uened

II

SIBO 'l,l,OZ ul

'-

(B)

() ul selilunu:uroc elocq+looLl

(e) st SteUg 'senOoelloc rloLl+

looollo se1lllqodoc eq
ilcoo+ ujn+ ul oq/v\ 'sJeIJo/v\ oros e^e puo sro+cop locol ouuo.t1Ag

.Suo|llltlJ}o-(g)eq+pe^oSpUoseu+unocB/o+pelle^o]+

s+l eculs
soq
eA3 OuA
otl+ 'BL ul oururDr6od
+srl]
o1dso1
SISUO
'sorn+col puo Oululol+ uo-spuotl r.l0norL+ slllls puo
(?)
ocOrns Jlorl+ uo ssod o+ elqo oJo/v\ senbuqco+ +so+Dl ot.l+ ul
poulpl+ srolcop 'o1dsot CIutlcoel
o o+ul pe+ro^uoc
louol+cun,t
^llnj
(e)
so/v\ rclrlrvveuod B-CC oclnles-Jo-+no uD jo
eqou o so/v\ uo!+nlos slH

orl+ o+ s)tuDL1l 'odsoq fue0rns ee

'seuurorOord

6uuoJ+ soes:e^o u

ulJJo+s

--

0u1odcod tuo4 sog+unoc

pUD|e^o{-(),uo1n+}os+so3l.]0lt.1ot]+loq+pe^lesqo

NOIIVN

() lsour pe+uonerd uogopoululocoo

:lNlcloSr l

oseLl+

ON:IIXI

uo+Dd rC 's0/L eq 6urnp ppo^ Oudoenop eLl+ lnoq6notq

(0) Oulttenor+ re+JV 'uo+od pt^og rC Jo oepl eLl+ so/!\ Slgl6

'(o) BuluulFeq aq le etduexa

ue s! aJar.ll 'oull otues oql u! deF etll u! stlt leql pto/n e ruJoJ ol seull aql lo otuos
to pue eql le slelldec u! uenrF pro/n aLll asn '^ olaq lxal eql peer 'g-tr suolsenb lo T

r ]red qstlSul Jo asn pue Eulpeau

Reading and Use of Engtish Partz

1

to read an article about four entrepreneurs who put forward their

business ideas to potential investors on a TV show called Draons' Den. For questions
L-LO, choose from the entrepreneurs (A-D). The entrepreneurs may be chosen more

You are oing

than once.

A James Halliburton:The llloom Balloon

.9

+J
'ro

o
C

.E

c)
l{

' .1J

tr

r The Dragons saw the business potential of Mr Halliburton's

invention - a glowing balloon which kept keys afloat when
they fell into water - and he initially accepted a fl200,000
offer for a 25a/a stake in his company. However, Mr
r Halliburton later changed his mind because when he was
testing out his invention, he came up with an even better
idea. 'When I saw how excited my next-door neighbour's
young sons were about an illuminated balloon, I knew there
was an opportunity to tap into that with an innovative new
ro product. lt left me in no doubt that I could do it on my own,
safe in the knowledge that I had an even bigger project in
the pipeline.'The llloom Balloon is simply a reinforced balloon
fitted with a tiny LED light inside, which glows brightly when
it is inflated. Mr Halliburton continued, 'l took a gamble by
rs Irot going with the Dragons' cash, but it has really paid offl

C Shaun Pulfrey: The thngle Teezer

w Dragons' Den reject, Shaun Pulfrey, has had his innovative
hairbrush snapped up by a well-known pharmaceutical
company. The device, designed to smooth tangled hair easily,
should make the hairdresser a good profit. Mr Pulfrey was
turned down by the Dragons, who advised him to abandon
:s his idea, saying it was not a worthwhile business project.
Mr Pulfrey said: 'l just made a comment about one of the
panelists colouring her hair to show how useful the product
could be on highlighted hair. The fact that she denied her hair
was coloured made me lose all hopel Despite leaving the
+o show with no investment, he said, 'The whole experience has
been instrumental in my success because of the exposure
it gave me and my product, but the actual success of the
product has been dnven by its ability to do what it says it on
the pack. I knew there was a market for theTangleTeezer.'

B Kirsty Henshaw: Freedom Desserts

Kirsty Henshaw secured a deal after impressing the investors
on Dragons' Den. Kirsty decided to create her own range
of dairy-free frozen desserts when she discovered that her
son, Jacob, had an intolerance to dairy products. She said: 'lt
zs started with my lile ice-cream maker. Jacob seemed to love
the desserts, which was my main aim. Then I just thought that
maybe it could work as a business as wellj Kirsty admitted
she had been anxious about facing the judges. 'Walking
into the Den was nerve-racking,' she said. 'But hearing the
rs Dragons compliment me and my product made up for all the
hard work. When I first set out, it was very hard. I lived with
my mum and had two jobs to save money to fund my dream.
This opportunity has made me even more determined to keep
on working hard to make the brand a successj

58

D Natalie Ellis:The Road RefresherWater Bowl

Natalie Ellis appeared on the show asking for f 120,000 to
help export her non-spill dog water bowl to America. When
she tearfully admitted that her previous business had failed
after she had a stroke, aged just 32 she won sympathy
from the Dragons but no investment. But viewers were
so impressed, and sales of the bowl have soared since the
show. Natalie was an unusual contestant on Dragons' Den:
unlike most, she did not apply. 'Two researchers approached
me at an awards ceremony and asked me to go on,' she
says. 'l didn't need nvestment, I just wanted expertise. The
sr story was picked up by the American press and I am now
in talks with US retailers. I want to grow my business over
there then sell it,' adds Natalie, who moves to Chicago at the
end of the month.
r

69

']l olll ],uop

no

ele} },uo^ esuotd edtcel A ou stq} }o ),lult,l} no op }eq6 ?

es no,{ }l
'pueululB
',iqm eep! ou alell I I
),loo]
ue
ol
au
s,uolev
1nq
]uelsu!

^
'o] no,i
ae1 e
'o] ]uen no se alll a^ll pue
adoed roL.llo se
]ou
]ue/v\
'yoqs no,( qlrrvr aq lll/vr rl]llus r[ 'sauof st4 'ue / e ole] aseold p
'sorqqoq s,uolplrtc Jrotl] ut
ue / e e>.le] s,{erle plnol.ls s}uoled c
op ]ou plp I Eulqlauos rol

aq] axe] o] asnlor ,iaposqe

-,{u

'#o pled uel{} aJoru peLl }!

]erl] ]nq qol aq] au Eurago ,iq

ue

/ e uoxe] peLl otl panttupe

ssoq

,i6 e

'/v\olaq

lsll eql ruoll unou eerrdordde ue

ql!/r^

socualues esaqt aeduog

ep rene rededsmeu otl] peai lo smau

or.l] L{c}e^ o} sl puo/v\ all} ul Euuaddeq s,}eL|/v\ tl}ln dn / uo daa4 o} em }saq oql t
Iro^ poofl eql dn / uo daay'vtou dols ],uog 'em ,{ee; auop oA,no^ e

t alet ql!,l suosserdx o

']t{Elo/vt osol o}

]ue^ no,{rtr lollocle pue spooJpeno /ilodee>1o}o^eq no'lerp e uo ol,noi uetlM p

'Lulrl u, / qUn dn dea l,uplnoc I ]eq] ]sel os pallem oH c
'JJo / tno sdael uter oll] se Euol se oprslno uorldacar Eulppan eLll aneLl ll,oM q
lda euog e
cueuBerd leq qBnorLl] lllFu Eulylom dn

'deay ql!/n qJe^ leselqd eeldoldde ue

'ecueuadxa Jo Xcel sl lleJ sassoursnq

eleu ol scrret,

uo

u! enlleurolle lcalloc eql esooLlC

dee1ql!^ sqan eserq

/v\au qm suoseet edcutd / alcultd eql Jo ouo q

pq pooF st eapt eq'ednuUd / elcutd u| e 9
/ clwouoce ]uollnc aql q

'ec!]cerd olur ]nd o] enlsuedxe aq etu ]l

C

'anos

+,
()

o
C

.=

o
H

.t
,

Funotdtut sr uorlenlts puwouoce

'stec ralle uell] unl ol pctwouoce / cftuouoca arou ole srec rolleus ',{etauag e g
'peaocns
paJJe
plp
)4cel q
s,uneqs
o]
uolleuturelap
]coJJa
]uotulsonut
lou
]o
/
']ueuuor^ue aLll uo lca#a /
en
na1e aslanpe ue peq eneq senbtuqca] Futute ulapohl
'sadoenua pue

reded Eullun
]no unr o^,aM 'fueuollels / r{tauogets a;oru oulos laB o} paau aM
lo
']! olu!

paqselc pue fueuonels

'luewewoc
'Uassap

fuauollels

se/v\ ]uorJ

ut rec aL{} 1eLl} eapd },up!p soue[ e t

]ull^ q

'quel lseot ol tuaweldwoc / wew!woc 1ceed aq] s! acnes

luewtdwoc e ou s,{ed euoauos uaL,l^ posser;equa

}eF seme e
aql q

Uasap aq] ul anr^Jns uec

LlcrL.lM

slueld

MaJ aL{}

}o euo st sn}cec

'urearc-oc! pue ard adde st Uassap / uesep elpnone 6 e T

'sacualuos eseql u! sclreil u! po/r^ lcolJoc aql osooL{c tr

pesnluoc uago spro @

relnqelo

ffi
ffi
ffi
ffi
ffi
ffi
ffi
tffi
ffi
ffi

epeu aq] elelstuJ e suotluotx

euuuerEold eql Eurnp lle] aql or.l saqucsop
^
iuraqord L{}leoq e,{q partdsut aram,{aq1 moq sutedxe
eapl loL.ll u! t,llteJ ]sol Jo^au aq s,ies
)4sU e

Fulle] suotluoul

ecuerradxe FulsseJlslp e suotlueu

se^A auuerBord orl] uo EuloB ]etl] s,{es
oxeu o] pell ,iaq] sacltllces oLll suollueu

lnlasn

Jallo ,srolso^ur etl] ]decce ],uplp aq1 peseed are eq slseBBns

uaLl] enrt pnoc srolso^ut ot.l] octnpe eL{} ul pa}sele}ul aJo/v\ r{eq} s,{es
uosred qc!q^

l'd rather

Grammar

Wishes and regrets

Complete these sentences with one of these verbs in an

appropriate form. You will need to make some of the verbs
negatve.

-"if--ali-

'ilir
i il-,1t"
a

Plgy

think I'd
a DVD.
I

-at

_y!.il

out tonight for a change. I'm

I'd rather you

like him very much.

-r=
ro

l'd

N-f,-s,r,,

a
b

I wish I

c I wish I
d

(nol

-==-

--

go) to bed so

(remember) to buy his

What does he say?

Don't you think it's time

live) in the countryside.

Tony wished

he

she

(not eat) so

--

(hurry up)! I'm fed up with

Don't you sometimes wish

married) so young?
I

wish it

-=- she _
Mary wishes

you

(not

60

_--

et

(stop) raining. I want to play tennis.

(learn) to swim when she

was young.
I wish I

Your doctor thinks you should have a holiday. What does

she say to you?

It's time

Peter wishes he
(be) taller so that he could
see better at football matches.
I wish Alison
waitin.

lsn't it time

(work) harder at school and

(Bet) some qualifications.

Susan felt sick and wished

much chocolate.

Your mother asked you to put the lamb in the oven at

twelve o'clock. lt's twelve o'clock now. What does your

sister say to you?

There's nothing to do!

-''.-

lt's half past seven. You get up at half past seven every
day. What do you say to yourself?
You are thirty years old and you still live with your
parents. Your friend thinks you should Set your own place.

(put) your dirty socks in the

laundry basket
and
not
drop
them on the floor!
-_*-

(not

us next month. We're both

It's time

I wish you

I wish I

too early. I hate being the first

Read these situations

- and write an appropriate sentence
beginning with lt's time.

(can) afford to run a car like that.

Darren wishes he _-grlfrend a birthday present.

(have) straisht hair!

I'm so tired. I wish

late last--night.

rather

It's time

in brackets.

,t{

than be a passenger, wouldn't

We'd rather you

very busy at the moment.

Complete these sentences with the correct form of the verbs

,+,
,.E

rather

you after eleven? I don't

person there.

rO

Patrick to the party. I don't

Would you rather I _

-want to wake you up.

I'd

'l'd rather

you?

MT

-g

day.

a piece of cake.'

football than watch it any

'Would you like another sandwich?'

tli
rl
C

rather

to the cinema than rent

-=tired of cooking.
I'd

rather

b l'd rather we
c

e; --ffi*l

(listen) to my brother's advice.

I9
raqlesM peq

oL,l]

oueld aLll

voor
'peq
rauurp ro]

se/v\ iar.llea/v\

alrl plno^

all]

LlBnoL,l]le

au!] uo ual aueld aLlI

no aAeH

no leL,l/v\

GNll l

rauulp rol aM plno/v\ no/i

'osrou aLl] ]noqe

]eL{/v\

poplcop no oAeH
oJoL.ll

lVU]A3S
'asrou oll] lnoqe pourelduoc o^eq aldoad ouos

leele3

E SE FUISINU

13uclu
roojec e se Fursrnu asoqc | /ijros lou tu,l
'pu!ru ],uop no/i Jl 'alouts
U3HIVU

'pulrx
nor{ }t 'aous o} }ou no,{ leald plno/v\
],uop
)aruea au

HSI/v\

rarueo
'eBe sq ouoauos lo
C

au lla] ],uplp no,i Alld e S,]l

se;nBtl

T.

uosef

'eEe srq auootuos roJ llo/v\ salnF!] dn sppe

ooo0
uosef

lldWVX3

(o

.9

'(g) eduexo ue s! oJaH 'uenlF pto/r^ oql Fu!pnlcur 'sptotvt a^ pue o^ ] uee^ aq
lsnu no^'uenlF pJo/n eql eFueqc lou oO 'uenlB pro/n eUl Eulsn 'ecueluas lsIU eql
ol Fulueeu relluls e seq ll leql os acuoluas puoces etll elelduoc'g-tr suosanb lo

.E

osn

o
r{
#

T,

C,

,lred L{stlSul Jo osn pue Eulpeau

Vocabutary
@ Pnrasal verbs with make

hiffi

illffitrlffi

phrasal verbs if you need to' Then

Use a dictionary to check the meaning of these

verb in an appropriate form'

complete the gaps in these sentences with an appropriate
make uP to sb
make up for
make uP
i make into make out

only slightly
The compensation we received from the travel company
our disastrous holidaY.

it ----b l'm so sorry I forgot your birthday. l'll

their spare bedroom
c Sam and Anna

you' I promise!
a study' We could

do the same.

d
e
Compound

adiectives

grid. Words can go across or down'

2 The answers to these clues are hidden in the
'
a Someone who cares about others is kind-close to them is
very
is
it
if
only
clearly
something
see
b someone who can
-

c A person who has a very hi$h opinion of themselves is bg--.d Another word for attractive to describe a person is good-e Someone who is relaxed and happy to accept things is
f Memories which bring pleasure mixed with sadness are bitter-g A change which is likely to have a lot of si$nificant effects is
h A person whose skin is brown from exposure to the sun is sun--skinned'
i The opposite of sensitive for a person is
jTheoppositeofmodernisold.=----.
-through'
k Another word for transparent is
-to-wear'
I The opposite of made-to-measure is
ET PRSEE
E
KZSW
R
DE - DSCXL
A
EWHE
)
oo KINGA
L
FOOD
S
EDMOT
ON
FASH
E
TCHYA
RE
T
JIRF
A
HRACN
EK
CGEA
S
IORON
ET
Y
MIAR
Y
CEDLE
HB
N
E
aNDl
KVUDD
FI
E
IAYA
K
HORTE
RS
C
OLIL
A
EBDAS
DY
E
EART
H

+J

(o

.E

o
#c
F{

what
never
Why do doctors have such illegible handwriting? You can
they've written.
some excuse about the train being late'
Andy arrived late as usual. He

'
'

-gong'
'

-reaching
'

in brackets'
complete these sentences with an adjective related to the word
(innovation) ideas are the result of trying to find a solution to
a Most

problem.

c
d

e
62

(success) ideas are often the simplest'

but now they are
When colour TVs first came onto the market, they were expensive,
(afford).
very _to desisn a new product'
you don,t need to be particularly
(number) inventions are patented every year'

The

most

-(artist)

E9

']eociltul sr ,lenlceJ, Jo altsoddo

'allt]

Jo

laqunu e q]lM

,{ensn

'cla 'ul4 fed 'enou e ,to fuo1s

'Iooq
eL,ll

e Jo uor}cas e}eredes e sr

eq1

enqdlc

tulo] ]el,l] sluana Jo satJos otl] s! dllo

'uosred ]eq],iq uo]]um altl s,uosred e 1o {ro}s eq} sl den?qooQlte uV q

's^lo/a/u e sr slo^ou sollr/v\ oqm uosred y e
'soouoluas eseql elalduoc ol spJo^ l,uJoJ ol sJelle! eull eFueleeu

'Joqln sq1 q srour pear ol luem

aawelenfr

uro.r 6uan;

ansse U) l'pua
uddt6

0u1uu6eq

r* no

il pear

usoc a1 Ewuado

no

1eq1asu.ro-rd

ttstutt ot -lets (g)

artsnduoe (g) sr lr asnecaq ,{.ro1s s!r{l pueurutocor plnom

'fie ralE 1q0.1 a;ann aql Jl rapuoM turq saleu lxeu s;eadda /, swo
sueddeq (r) ]sqM 'acuaplcuroc e lsn[ sl ]l slulq] aH 'suracuoc srtl a^orlaq l.usaop

ppt{c aqt par^llap oqm ro}aop

sr{j

'do1 aql le o} e raAo paddul spq

sqs 'srlets aq} }o

looJ aqt Ie pep 6u a3nor lq pug ot lrol'a uor, auoq soriloc aq 'ep aug 'sllels aql
o do1 aql le qa ,{sno.la}sr{w sr{o1 spu aq uaqm r{luerep lutr4l o} sup}s oq uaq} tnq
's6ultll 6ulut6eul st aJIM slL{ slulr{l 'pueqsnq raq 'pl^B6l raq llp,l ol 6urfut sr pecurnuoc
sl a{.ls or{M'pllr{c aql rot parlsr{ e sdoanep pue qpq un0 sep lsourle 'aollv'a}t4,1

aq Aqeq

E e^eL{

oqr* adnoc pCIuleul-,{rddeq e o ,{.ro1s aq sa,r6

/ satep) /

silat G) ll

'au uo uossa.rdur6uots / 6lq a1n(A e apeu auo slt,l] lnq 'sarrols Uoqs
pue sla^ou se1ue pue uorlcry acuarcs Aueu aloJM &nqperg ,{eg '&nqpetg z(eg roLl}ne

uecHaurv aL$ Aq pauuad

+,

paqpcsap

usuuw

11 .ro1s

uor{s e s! .utssessv lleus aq1.

ro

'lcerrocu!

Mar^au

o
H

s! leql eserqd ro plo/n eql esootlc L-T suosenb Jol '/rtolaq

.g

.1J

e!^eJ

looq eqt peog

- zued 8ul1u

1u ,,o,r ne,q'sq},e, nB e,q,JE sd,,r:oseq o,tlg,lfilun

oJE

slsed ]g,['lBtll Iultlt

/v\eJpuv'

1....ig.}ue.uI.eftoJ.aeu.esqs'eq.e0]e.ao,+eq.aq'ltl.}i
I:i
:

:f"i ,-,1'',,1,,,, lgpg6i;,6,b.ffi

o:} pua ue }nd plnoc Eolouqgaf
^ilN
'
'"0"u"
e oneq lluv\ aJnlnt oql lo sJeO
'oJourJ aql ul dE$
-*n ol,enullttw fill'g^r ss^slleg Aelpuv
,1,,
.,oqlll^^ulB}ugulFulnl|adoedJo}u,a|qodlseFFlqet{I

.--

',

"

,-' ,-tuo,sdi}

xn$*

Felnstped sq }ou tq,Frul u

u! Jeqloue o eced CIuo rrro;J

la EJl ol elqe eq ll!/v\ no se lery ssal asn

ll!/v\

no^

,.'aurno[rno enuuoe no eloJsq

'i:

'rl

'eserqd uol.ls o pJo/r^ e qt!/n secuelues eql aleldtuoc'otr-T suollsenb Jol 'otnlnt aql u!
le^erl lll/t a^ /noq lnoqe llel e FulnrB qlnos erpuv pallec uetu,e eaq II!/v\ no^ 0T'T (|. T
^

zred Eulualsrl

Listening

Part

What is the man trying to do?

f {}

1.11You will hear people talking in eisht different

situations. For questions 1-8, choose the best answer
(4, B or

You hear a man asking for information.

A buy a computer
B buy books

C).

C join a library

1, You hear a woman talking about people of different

nationalities.
What did she use to assume about people who used
gestures?

C that it was normal

1, Replace the verbs in italics in these sentences with the

You hear someone being interviewed about learning a

language.

What does the speaker say about the family he lived

with?

A They always

spoke to him in English.

B They were teachers at the local college.

C He learned a lot of Thai from them.

+,

((]

.9
C
f

You hear someone talking about her oldest friend.

E
E

How do the two friends keep in touch?

r{

A by writing to each other

B by phoning each other every month

o
(J
F{

.11

Vocabu[ary

A that they were foreign

B that they were strange

What does the man tell the woman to avoid?

A blinking
B staring
eye contact

You hear a man talking about his first lie.

What happened when the speaker and his mother

returned from shoppi ng?

A His mother discovered the medicine.

B He hid the medicine in a cupboard.
C

correct form of stick and one of these words.

out

He took more of the medicine.

A getting stuck in rush hour traffic

B being stopped by the police
C a car breakdown
You hear a novelist talking about her work.

What were her views about it?

A that it was unlikely to be published

B that an agent would find it interesting
C that it needed to be rewritten
64

up for

When I was little, my bi brother always helped and

protected me.

The employees are realizing that, if they are united,lhey

can win an increased pay offer.

I really admire the way she has continued to work hard at

that job even though she's found it really tough.

d I'll always help and support my children whatever they do.

e That's my story and I'm not changingil.
f He tore his trousers on a nail that was protrudinfrom the
wall.

say, speak, talk,

tell

2 Complete these sentences with the correct form of one of

these four verbs: say, speak,talk,tell.

a
b

I asked my father

Did I ever

if I could borrow his car and

he

yes.
you the story of how I broke my

leg?

l'd love to be able to

ltalian. lt's such

romantic language.

d
e

You overhear a conversation between two people.

What situation are they talking about?

of to together

by visiting each other several times a year

You overhear two friends talking about an interview.

enrasal verbs with stck

Apparently, George Washington

never

a lie.

There's no point in being shy. You've just got to

your mind.
He

just wouldn't

phone down.

stop

. ln the end, I put the

99

'txro] lo pua aq]

loJ-}.uec}Sn[l]eaSlL|},ieptoqJaUUnSu-ealu.'
Bultlilrene
'em saoB

.9

| 'pualoa/v\ all] ]e ycnl poog

le}sls,{tA

req dea ],ulsnu eM 'L{cunl Jo} sn

+,

((,

.9

no,{

qof mau rno,i Burue]s

'SlnoLl

=
E
E

o
(J

t+

reeu roJ

o] peq aM 'luaplcoe ue Jo osnecoq paeep se^ uter]

.passedoA,l-}Sn[l'tvtouep,iues1nsalUexo{uteFo}-le
-*

' lit^

t{

#c,

oi re^l

,tool

.d"

ery

a
p
c

O/vq

alll

iJo*J

-'/noleq sqJel eql lo ouo lo ruJol lcarroo eql ql!^ secuelues osor.ll aeduo3 g
ssolr.llnr

sqol Fusnuo3

pa^resoJ I
FuloFlno

enrsuadxaur p
c

Eu!oB-,isee q

3ndJn?

erlleFau orolN
'eduexe
ue se euop s! auo lsrlt

oril'e rorl spJo/rl eerdordde aql ql/n elqel sq eedtuo3

'eBe slul Jo ueu e )ol UlnqJla/u s,aH F
'ze Aeer ore sselc ,{ru ur s}uopn}s ot.l} Jo iv\et V I
'^ orniolur or.l]

ro saol.ls deaqc orom aH

s,aqs

'uos.ad p/oc rorller e JaLl pull I ]nq 'Fullserelur ,{ran

'eur o] luapuuoua^o suaos eH

'uosled Jo Uos pauw)elap,iuard e s,.leqlo.lq ,{[A

c
q

'rnoqqBrau roop-]xau esou,{ear e }oF aA,oM e

'seceds aql u! N ro d alUM

spulueau enlleFeu ro anrrsod aleq sacuelues eseql u! sclret, ut spro/r^ eql oO

sFuueeru elluls tltlm selllcefpv

Reading and Use of Engtish

1

You are going

to read an article about unidentified flying objects (UFOs). Six sentences

have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences A-G the one which fits
each gap (1-6).There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use.

ffi

The first recorded case of this kind was in the 1950s, when
r George Adamski claimed that he had been given rides in
flying saucers belonging to people from Venus, Mars and
Another early case of alien kidnapping took
Saturn.
place a few years later in 1961, when an American couple,
Betty and Barney Hill, saw a UFO while driving home one
ro night in New Hampshire. The couple stopped to observe
the UFO through binoculars and thought they could see
people aboard. To escape from what they were sure was
an alien spaceship, they took the back roads and arrived
home two hours late. A week later, Mrs Hill began to
rE dream that they had not escaped, but had been taken on
St","
board the spaceship and medicalty examined.
even described how she had seen a star map, marked with
the aliens' trade routes.

ffi

.9
C
f
E
E

o
L)

ffil-l

ffin-lff",is extraordinary event happened in a small town

Fl
F{

JN

zo

c,

66

to see
fast
as
they
could.
happened
next
but
drove
off
as
what
He said he had woken up on the UFO and found
himself surrounded by creatures with no hair and with halt
formed faces. These 'people' then put a mask over his face
:o nd he fell asleep again. He claims that he remembered
nothing else until he awoke in the forest near to where he
had disappeared.

:s They found this so terrifying that they did not stay

Visitors from space are the subject of many 2Oth-century

fairy tales, yet millions of normal people sincerely believe
But is there any real proof ?
that they are real.

ffi

+,
((]

Part 6

in

Arizona, when a team of woodcutters who were working in

a remote forest area returned home with a strange story of
how one of their group had disappeared in the forest. They
had, apparently, seen their friend Travis Walton knocked
unconscious by a blue-green light from a flying saucer.

At the time, his story received national publicity, some

people calling it the most impressive case of its kind.
,r mil Now, three decades later, and despite the fact that
there is absolutely no hard evidence that the earth has
ever received visitors from space, the results of several
American surveys indicate that the majority of people are
convinced that there are such things as UFOs.
This suggests that people want flying saucers to exist,
maybe because as human beings we need to believe
that we are not alone in the universe or that there are
superior beings capable of showing us how to survive in an
increasingly hostile world. This probably explains the lasting
popularity
+s
of films and books involving UFOs and aliens
of all kinds. Two of the most well-known, Ef and Close
Encounters of theThird Kind, were massive box office hits.
+o

L9

'peureluol uoslad eql Sutlleluo) ]snI Jo 'elnpaq]s

'uorlfe jo eslnol e Jelle

ltep e Eut8ueql sP qlns

(8) Janlalal eql sasnel uolleLu:olu! 0tl1

Ue}}o'snoaue1uodsln:ro-()sp:omU3^esaUl}eu]oSJo,sUolsl^
'supeJp '1q8noq1o sluaru8eJl u! euio) o] suleas Euorm st Eurqtrauos ]eLli 8utea

alll 'eluplslp
19 uosrad raLllo eq] o1 la8uep eql lo ale/Y\P sl
']uapnle ue ul pallll lo
(S) seL{ pual:} lo
lenpr^rpur uV

patnlut

eAtlelej e uall,l\ slstjf +o saut] ur Asnoeueluods rnrlo qtreda1a1,o saluPlsul

}Sotx}eLl1SUeaS}l.t]]leeseJ]ul}ual]S}opa[qnse-(?),{|snotlas
8utseat:UlUale}8uraqsrqiedaa1,uano:de:gt1ual]S-()
q8noqly'slenpt^rpul pegls lo s:tls,{ul utepal1o

1rrqe et:eds e se papteBal

Sl-(),SJeq}oUlellLlfl\,ftn:eUPUnLlesepa1daffeslAqteda|at
,sautEt:oqVUel|PJ}snVeLl}SP-([)S3l}al]osleqlliUl.puofl\eq}Je^o

o
+J

((,

'a8en8uel
llp punoJ aq uel Aq1edalatr o tamod eql ul ]allaq V

.9
C

---p--

(O)

esn eL|} }noqitA spultu uae/yueq uor}Plrunuuor suPstu iqledatet

.g

o
(.)

H
F{

.1J

c,

'de!

r.lcee

'(O) FuluulFeq eq le eldulexe ue s! areql'deF qcee u! pJo/r^ euo ,{uo es

sllt lseq qclq/n plo/n aql to )tult{t pue oleq }xot otl} peer 'g-tr suosanb ro

zued qsrlSul Jo asn pue Sulpeau

q

reeddesp

apnlcuocq

eleclpu!

oSul^uoS c

]seEFns
anresqo

]srxa

e ---frrpq--

leq^

ol
a

ol!]sor,l p

lnlrlneaq

lear t

snoue]

rouedns

-TmTzpuv- Eulzeue

rrl!r.,|

'uootu or.l]
opls leJ aLll uo sa!]!c
Jo
o/vu }el,l} ples oH

uele] pel.l uauom Euno,{ InJt}neaq

'xeoq e se^ ,irols oq] ]eq] popnlcuos

sesec A3 saleBllsenut ]eLl] uollezueBrc ue 'leneano1

o^arloq e

olclue aql uor sqra^ eseql ol palele, sunou aql eJe

Eu!,{JUret q

leuorleu

'suarle {q paddeuplx
uono ro pa]!st^

snouel ]sotx otl]

leq^

,.""0 aneq eq1]eq] uleluteu edoed euog

VSn aLl] u eced yool lle o ,sEuddeup!),1,

Jo ouo '96T ul 'ta1e s.lee,{ uaounol o

'Oln e ,{q paddeupt luetedde'667

Jaqruacag Burnp IeaM e roJ pareaddeslp euleluol IUerJ

alc!ue
or.ll ruorl serllce[pe eseql o] pa]ete, sunou aq] ele

Eupnq Pro/n

tr

relnqeloA

eql'lelel s,{ep ent3

'dqsaceds aq] uo slua^o ]o

]unocce pallelop e lslrlelLlc{sd e eneB eqs 'stsoud,{q lapun
'ols Bulzeue enbe ue
L1lrl auoLl paurnlal Ja]]ncpoon Eussur

Grammar
Conditionals

1,

Complete these conditional sentences usin the correct form of the verb in brackets.
(go) swimming with you.
a lf we're home early tonight, we =(take) him ages to get to sleep'
b lf Paul drinks coffee at niht, it -'---

(not look) so untidy.

c lf Anna hung her clothes up, her room
(tell) him you're looking for him.
d lf I see your father in the next hour, I _-*--(not stop) talking to him.
e lf Andrew hadn't been so rude, his colleagues
(be) on her own'
f My mother never gives people lifts in her car if she
(not get) wet if you--had closed the window.
g The car seat
(not have ot) his glasses on.
h My grandfather can't see very well if he --- I =-----.(phone) you if I can't get there.
(practise) more regularly.
j You'd be better at tennis if you

Rewrite these sentences as Type 2 or 3 conditional sentences.

EXAMPLE

He's tired because he works all the time.

tf he didn't work all the time, he wouldn't be tired.

a Sue was ill, so she didn't go to the party.

b I don't often go to the theatre because there isn't one in my town.
C

+,

Jeff couldn't play football because he'd broken his leg.

.9

=
E
E

My mother never goes swimming because She'S afraid of water.

I'd like to buy a yacht, but I haven't got f,100,000 to spare.

o
(J
F{
l{

.1J

It didn't snow, so we couldn't go skiing.

tr

I can't send her a postcard because I don't know her address.

h He walked into the road sign because

he wasn't looking where he was going.

Choose the correct word or phrase in these sentences.

a You'll be late unless / provided that you leave now.

b I'll give you a lift in my car as long as / unless you don't smoke.
c lf / Unless you don't stop eating, you're going to make yourself ill.
d I'm sure we'll have a good holiday, provided that / unless the weather's good.
e lf / lJnless you tell me what's wrong, I can't help you.

68

69
'uorplrtlc
alecnpo o] aEenauel esn sjeqcee] qclLuv\ ur e^ ell] sl elduexa Jeelc raLllouv
osrnu ro rolcop

r.l

'saBenFuel
Llloq
smoul ot.l^ uosJed reqloue uorl deq peeu ,{eu
eBenFuel oll] Jo Fulpuelsiopun rood e L.llr/v\ sluorled F

raql q uaods

,{qelrnaur }sotule

llrl

'JJels u! uo!]e^lloru Jo lcel ul llnsor

suor}ezue?rc ur uor}ecrunuuoc }o sourl .rood 'serluoc g

'senBeeoc pue sreFeueur rall] Jo ,{1rrqe aql

uorlsenb o] Uels seeodtre ercedse 'sueqord reqynJ ur ]lnsar uec uln] ur srr.ll e
'e^oqe secuelues puoces pue lsrll eql ql!/r^ q-a sacualuos pJltll osaql qclefl Z

'sJauleq leuorloua 1o dn Eul]]as aLl] pue

sBurpuelsropunsru o] peal uec uorlecrunuuoc rood ecedlJofl\ aq] ul 'eduexe ro v
'see,{odura rorl} q pelsnrl aq o},ile>l!t aJour are suor}ecrunuuoc
leurolur ur UoJJa pue aur] ]sanur oqm sreodue 1eq1realc u/v\or.ls sel,l r.lueosou

']uotxleol] ]corocur uano ro srsoulelp Fuorvr e Fupncur 'slcolJo

snorjos o^eq uec'uorlecrunLuuroc ur u^ opleajq e;o 'uorlecrunuujoc o^llcoJJaul z
'tuotl] o] Fulualsll pue Fulllel iq ualpllt,lc rno qlt^ suotlcouuoc
osolc rlsrlqelsa enn 'sluared se 'qcrqn ur ,{en oll} aq plno/v\ slr.l} }o aduexe aldu!s V

sacualues puocas

'orec leclpour ilrlenb-qBll,l Jo oJnlea]

lerluassa ue sr sluolled rlaqt pue sosrnu 'srolcop uoo/v\]oq uorlecrunuuroc anrlcaJl

'uorlecrunuuoc onrlcaJJo uo spuadep ssaccns 'alrl ueurnq 1o lcedse rena ]soule ul

'uaq] qlrm sdrqsuo!]eloJ Eururo; Jo pue edoed Jor.llo oul ol EulneB
^
lo ]cedse lerluasso ue sr eBenBue uor,uuoc e puelsropun pue osn o11rrqe aql

'suorlezrueFro eFrel JoLllo pue sarueduoc ulr.lllm sdrqsuorleer Eurrorn anrlcnpord

onarqce o] JopJo ur uorlecrunuuoc Jo sourl pooB L1srlqelso o] lerluosse sr
V

.9

+,
(t)
C

]l

E
E

sacualues Fuuedg

o
(J

'/rtol IoJ eq secueluas

Fuluedo aql q]!,v\ sacualuas puocos aqt qclen 'uolleclunuuoc o scedse uo selclye
uorl ualel ueeq aheq i-,t, sacualuos puocas pue O-V sacualuas lsU Fuyvrollol aql tr

l{
l{

al]trv -zted 8ut1ll

Listening

Part 3

f {}

1.12 You will hear five short extracts in which people are talking about juvenile crime.
For questions 1-5, choose from the list (A-H) what each speaker says. Use the letters only
once. There are three extra letters which you do not need to use.

+,

.9

o
a

A Vandals should be punished.

B Parents are responsible if their children
C I sympathize with young people.
D Fear of crime affects people's lives.
E I blame the society we live in today.
F Young people don't respect anyone.

I
Fl

c,

break the law.

G Parents can't always control their children.

H Pressure from others is often to blame.

Speaker 1
Speaker 2
Speaker 3
Speaker 4
Speaker 5

ffi
ffi
ffi
ffi
ffi

Reading and Use of Engtish Partz

1

to read an article on page 71 about shoplifting. For questions 7--LO,

choose from the sections (A-E).The sections may be chosen more than once.

You are gong

Which paragraph

states that shoplifters feel they are treated wrongly?

explains how some people make a career out of shoplifting?
gives the writer's opinion about what should be done about the situation?
says that many shoplifters worry about being arrested?
suggests that all kinds of people can be shoplifters?
gives the most common reason why people consistently shoplift?
states that peer pressure often causes some people to shoplift?

states the writer's assumption that the reader will agree with his view?
says that some shoplifters believe their actions are justified?
describes a point of view which is different from the writer's?
70

ffi
ffi
ffi
ffi
ffi
ffi
ffi
ffi
ffi
ffi

fL

.oUoAla^oJO}o}ll}o+l|enbaq}a^0JduJlpL}e,pen1onut

auocoq oqm edoad

1o

reqrunu aq+ acnpor

11nn

11doqs oL.lM

adoad o+ soor^res pue seu.ru.rer0otd papeau 0ur;anrep

pup ulolqord aq1+noqe ssouoreme crlqnd 0ur*eg 'ueso;d

ou

aq Arsea ueo +losouo prpmor o+ orsop aq+ pup ,$urqlou

ro,t 0urqlauuos 1e0, o1 uorlelduol oL{} 's}ll ,uoslad e u1
aurl l\ue 1y'Aceralllll s^ uorle3npo ro plo sn 0uno ';ood
s^ qorJ 'edoad peq s^ poo0 +o onssr up +ou sr 1 '0urqueO

sE

ro s0nrp 0ure1 '0urur,rp '0urlealeno o+ JelruJrs - ssoJls

pue arnssa"rd qlnn 0urdoc 1o Aenn slErrdoJddiBrjl:JoilIOuE
l(duurs sr 0ur1,Lrdoqs edoed +o suorllrur Jo+';etutlns

u1

0urga0

lo
'oouo+]o eq1 0urleader uuorl LUoq] luena;d daq

ol peeu

4r,.

lroddns ro deq eq1 uanr0 0ureq +ou pue slpuruJrJ3 pauapJell

qllM lreI olur uMoJr..{} drurs 0ureq sr 'JaAo^ACI! '}uo$J us}+o

oql

,Lo

'+stsor o1 Ouor1s oo+ st

llnd,*91.'1q,{flnuc
prer+E orp pue 'op Aeqi +BqM inoqu
ou*ar

1o sOurlaa+

aq+ ueq+ JoLllpJ ,piEAAo.J

tnJl,

sa

ce

Aueuu q3lqM
or]l sl noi\
e ujaq}:an.r ose
e1
rnrr
0uridoqS'pJeMeJ oq+ soseor3ur
"q0!q, aspr,lUqafsul lbq+

a{sl'so^lasLuaq} premar adoed

en rBu.r;d

,e,,Suea

o1uo puooas sen 0urddoqs +Eq+ puno+ l{pnXsy,i,pJ, s"r,

,'Apeer6 lsnf e;.Aau+,tuuc /{eq},

E sCI^fosu;aql 0urnr0
+eL{}

sl JaMSuE aL{I

Iil

os 'l"ua+lau] tEels

ol aIrl eM 1eq1 l{uap plnoM sn +o nna 'ennue leals

'e1se e se lgord pup elesar ro+ lpals

*s

'JaAaMoq rsanlI Jlaq]

+oN

,il

s;

o)ill sl ,0urq1ou ro1 0urqleuos t4qp,

s;o++rdoqs leuorssa+ord-uou +soru o+

Aorj+ op Aqnn
o"-Yt

pue ourl or1l ssoro +,uop edoed +soLr +nq 'aar,t ro s$u1q1
1e0

o+

0r

onurluoo Aeql lnq 'lfed o1auouu oql o^eq ue1o,aq+ pue

sacuanbasuoo are eroll+ Mouy lieql '0uorM LUoJ+ 1q0u mou
lenpr^rpur asaL{l'edoc o} (l\+lllqeul ro) l(lrlrqe lauosred .l1eq1
pue suorlEnlrs o+rl uoLULUoo o+ polelar A1sour 'suoseal +o
aq1 pue 'l\1r-ro[eu aql dn eeur osol.ll
Alar;en e Jo+
leols
'sre11r1doqs leuorssolord-uou
1o dn oppLu sr pusoos sr4l

suoseal oql'u.rnlor ut loeq a eqai++lfrlAoq pue

lo

asneOaq leals s.re11doqs lle

jft

raq+ saleurura l\uerodural LlsnJ aurleuoJpe

srrll'rllosl esrpuEqf,Jollr

ielll sl Auo.rr eq'+! daq 1,uec ua; aqtr esnecaq

s,+r r.Lror.,ll 0urel oIll sl slt{Jrusl ,Jtppe ue sr

lpols oi eo

,0uri1rdoqs, MoL{ ees Arseo uec no pue Joqun+ do}s ouo }l

11rdoqs oqm adoe, 'es Aeql 'snonorprJ sr uorlcrppe uE

sr 0ur11rdot{s +eq} eepr

(\
r{

tr

paluer.{se 'i1rn0
sro}+rdoqs euorssaCI;d-uou }sor-u
lao}
11 0urop sprene$+ a1nd a;e

q0noqi uaAJ 'urB0e pue ureOe

,{ar{}',t{0ltl, srq11aCI oi sl }l see anoq CIurz1uei,'puy'sen11

sseurddequn Joqlo Jo uorssordap 'uoru;pn,"U le0ue

Jlsl4+ ur

sropuo,+o +eL4M'1qCInec uoqm paqsrund aQ pfno{.aq,

o^arloq uor+orppe ro +rqpq e padoanop a^EL,l oqm sJaUdoqs
+soLU

eneq i\aql ploi ro i(1ue0 paleer+ aq lou 'lte[o] o0 plnoqs

+J

o
'
o
a

osJnoo ,tO 0ulUldoqs dols 1,uec uos;ad e ]EQ) usow nod,'

op
'es eq1'waqord el6ooqo{sd ,ro {truor}3un} or
+pq6,
e se 0ur11rdoqs oas +,uop edoed ouos'es;noc rrg

.1J

il

'IcEq elrr+s o+ +ue* pu* prro^A *q1xpn*'

1snI ere Aaql 'seur+oruos ']l q]lM ABB 1e0 uec A*U1i1s;s o]
+uBM lidurs ro 'spuorJ+ l\q o+ peOetnocuo oJe 'pJo++p +,uEO
i\eql qlqnn sOurql ooru +uBM l{eql asnelaq r g ruou"ruroc ss
+soru +nB 'poroq ro pasn+uo3 'pesse;dap ara Aaq4 asnesoq
sr +r soLUrlaulos 'sllnpe uror,t A1q0rs ren rdor.ts sflll:snnf
qnn

sroqlo o1 enr0 l\eql ea1,feq+ llB ro+ ,ceqAed, s,+t 'sraLl+o JoJ
'(adLlexa Jo,t 'ouo pa^ol e ro qofe +o sol ol4l'acio^tp E)
,ssol Jort o+n+sqns, E s,+l 'oLuos
ur sseurddpqun oLuos

rro

or.{AA

l$luluJlJO

pauopJeq pue 's0nrp l{nq o1 lpols oqM 's+orppe $ slslsuoo

dnorO +siU oql'sro++rdoqs 1o sedl oM+ ore aroq+ 'lilecrseg

Complete sentences a-d with appropriate words from this

list, making any necessary changes. Some words are used
more than once.

Vocabutary
Cdme vocabulary

arrest

L Put the letters in italcs in the correct order to make words

bail

;hrrg"- ;"r*t

penalty guilty jud$e

sentence trial verdict
death

related to crime. The first letter is in bold.

She was errstead by a store detective as she was leaving

the shop and accused of flipgintosh.

l
court
jury Orobation

i
i

ln England and Wales, when someone who is suspected

a crime is caught, theY are
of __.police
officers, taken to a police station, and held in
by
custody. After questioning, if the police believe the person
.
is guilty of the crime, they will be formally '-=--

Some people don't consider ragburly a serious crime. But

once you've been rebuld, you never feel entirely safe in
your own home.
He was charged with deepsing - he had been doing sixty
in a thirty limit - and krind-indvir.

the next day

The person usually appears in
--- The magistrate then
to confirm their name and address.
.
decides whether to release them on
This is a sum of money that someone agrees to pay if
-_the person accused of the crime does not show up at
. lf the magistrate refuses to grant
their
bail, the person has to stay in prison until the day of their

People who get into fights at football matches are not

fans, they are looginahs.
The gumreg pushed the woman to the ground and ran off
with her handbag.

Some people think that painting graffiti is an act of

mailsdanv comparable to smashing up phone boxes.

--.-

The trial date is usually set several months ahead. lf

the crime is serious, then the evidence will be heard by

made uP of twelve men and women.
a
After they have heard all the evidence, they will gve their
or not
. The person is found
+)

person

in the
is the most important
- --- He or she
punishment.
This
will decide on the
court room.
has
who
could range from _, where someone

The

.G)

o
o
a

(\

a minor crime is not sent to prison if they

behave well over a period of time, to a life--for murder
for the most serious crimes. The =was abolished in Great Britain in 1965. However, it still
exists in many US states and other countries around the

t{
..rJ

world.

@ enrasal verbs with

up

Complete these sentences with the correct form of one of

these verbs and up.

i_*:**
a

*_-ll-l!;1""_

The boy threw a carrier bag at the shopkeeper and

.
it
ordered her to

the letter
b I was so angry that I
into small pieces.
the present in pretty gold paper.
c She
- you can have a bar of
all your milk,
d 'lf you
chocolate,' the woman said to her son.

My desk is in su ch a mess. I suppose I'd better

it
-

everyone! Don't let the food get cold'

the mess after the

lt took us three hours to

party.

-,
72

+J

.9
()

o
a

EL

(ose ]nq "' ,iuo 1ou) ']UEtu }e aq o] aceld lueseed orotu e ]! aleul
plnoM ,ieqt 'lr.,tBlu ]e aq o] eceld rales e u/vlo] rno oIeLU plno^ sluol.us^otdu eseql
(leutt os)

'auoLl lle/v\ o] o^ell ],uplnon edoad ueql ']LlBlu eul] tnoulFnoJr.ll unr plnol.ls sasnB
(ol uotlppe ur) 'uorlels ecllod

Alcc

aJol

(se

eL{}

o},ilcarrp po),lull pue palle}su! aq plnoL.ls seJauec

l 'paseorcul aq plnolls laarls oLll uo sracuJo

ervr

ecod Jo

raqunu

oL,ll

se) 'sltlBt olul leE,{aq1 'anle}uaulnBre euocaq edoed ouos c

(se) 'qcnur oo] FulyuUp dn pue edoad euiog 'alel lllun uado are sqnlc pue sreq

aql

(pue "' t|loq) 'ool

ere edoed Euno,{ ue6 '}Llfllu }e ar}uoc u/v\o} ol} olur oE o} perecs ere edoed replg e
'slolceJq u! splo/r^ eql Fulsn ocueluas auo se secuelues o red qcee ol!A eu

(\

T.

r ]red 8ut1u

r{

.1J

tr

fl, 1fl.
It

,, r

,,

,,

:s/reu o1AsrJ du1s

NO.l,lNff ' ," s*ege,u.r:1sufi,r i III:.1 .

lr

il,
'rl:,

:i,:

CIrLr

qclllm elgr,e*e.ppb,ul ilou e st o;aql}eq}

:,

,t.,,,ttll#
'sss$$

-,,'br$"siepotu-**p-6ffi
,

(9,)
lfiIs ae
&?E#sd
sceldsJ s]

+goul a,u} q}[,]r

uttl
.

:t

euo.ffi*l-s*6lleu

Rue't*iL1-

*Buo

{r)

r,,r::,:,.i.:,ttlt:,,i:l

iilffilHV., '' ' :l ,'ssxgrr

,affi u+,[epotu ]iAu e l!]un -*-***-**
-,$'rCsew pe.rlnbce ongq alrl acuo 'slaFpe

'' .r,

rax

iifit, '

-.::1{}

p,UE

'1,,, afi1.ulr,61.e 'ea 'saneeffipub spuauJ 'srnoqqttt

',,

,,

*no,,,rJt'tffiH,eri{+
,iftrp
:. ' s ufrl*,Eot

-'- ,i

{l

ne,u: nseed lo asuos

qgn

ffi lelet *an

dae{ o} erlsap

mo ,ro Jo }usujuoJlAue eut,.tO'p*egj,,lItr, tFlvr

s.te

e-tu\

'sanss1 pue ssjddqq

::T.-**

(a) slttt

, ',

(f) ell stuol! aBel sl il raq]otlM

sBulrfi Jalleus ro sec pue spoo
: ',d$9.6gBI;to,sB
,ec$d , Ba*done sletf sl,l 'psn.a pue'q.gr{gg,'3npat, o} sn Jo}

ffiafiqffi 'u ilAt*nuo$

f,nd,tug,.

+f:

t e pgsBq-,st e,

,s

,J*

'(o) Buluul8eq eq le aldtuexe

ue s! ereql 'au! etues eql u! deF eql ul sllt leql pto/rt e tuJoJ of seull eq] lo euos
o puo aql le sedec u! uarlF pto^ aql esn 'A oleq lxal aqt peel'g-tr suosenb ro T

r lred qstl8ul Jo asn pue Eulpeau

Grammar
Probability and possibility

Alison James said he had transferred the money into my

account, but it still isn't there.
Will Maybe you didn't ive him the right account
number. Have you checked?

L Use a modal verb from the list in an appropriate

tense to
rephrase the parts of the sentences in italics. There may be
more than one possible answer. The first one is done as an
example.

*,"1t

: {9_yl-1:_,,e1;1__-;[.t-

Where's Jane? She said she was coming.

Tom

Maybe she coming later.

Jll

EXAMPLE

Wife

Josh

Was the meal all right? Heather and Dave didn't

eat much.

Chris

Husband It
lt was very
verv nice. Maybe
Mavbe they
thev weren't hunry.
hunrv.

name.

Julie

Maybe /7/ invite him. I haven't made up my mind yet.

Fran

Oh no! This isn't my suitcase!

Julian

Then you took the wrong one by mistake. ls there

a name anywhere?

+,

.9
(J

o
a

Angie

Nic

Maria tried out that cheese souffl recipe you

gave her when we were round on Saturday, but it
was a disaster. lt didn't rise.
The oven probably wasn't hot enouSh.

Lynne Which one's Emma's new boyfriend?

Liz

lt's probably that tall guy over there with the long

hair. He's the only one that looks like a musician.

I don't think that's William's jacket, bul maybe l'm

wrong.

can't be tired. He wants to play another

can be coming later.

could be right, I suppose.

You can

mustn't have meant to upset you.

Articles

Complete the gaps in these sentences with a / an,the or A

if no article is required.

a He was born in United States, but he emisrated

to

West lndies when he was still a young man.

homeless is being built in

new hostel for

town centre.

meal was great.- Thanks for inviting me.

works as
nurse. Her husband is
lawyers.
architect. Both their sons are

d Joyce

'They've just bought

-

villa by

sea.'

-villa got? Has it got

-

'How many rooms has

swimming pool?'
-

cheese
-

glass
Can I have
- of water and
sandwich, please?
'Have you been
- on

'No,

holiday yet?'
-

holiday we had booked was cancelled at

last minute.'-

Man

Waiter, this bill is for

Peter

We should be there by now. We've been driving

for forty minutes. Val said it would only take us

f100. We only had coffee

and sandwiches. l'm sure you've made a mistake.

- highest mountain in
Himalayas.
Everest. lt's in
-

twenty minutes after the crossroads.

Rob

74

d She can't

+,

=e

c Diana may

l{

tr

Joe and Liz can't / mustn't have gone on holiday. Dave

says he saw them yesterday.

Andrew mustn't
round of golf.

Janis said she'd be here by one if she managed

to get away. lt's quarter past now, so l'm sure she
isn't coming.
ls Alan coming to the party?

She always gets top marks in maths, though.

Maybe it's something else that's bothering her.

Choose the correct answer in italcs in these sentences.

Sally Well, I suppose it is possible that / misheard the

Susie

Denise was looking very fed up after the maths

exam.

Well, we've obviously taken a wrong turning

somewhere.

Mount

world is

+J
0)
'

t-ft

(\

r+

9L

pue srorplos uell] slelJe ueunq pue,{lo}sl, ,. ;i;:

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aq o] eneq no'olqelrene ectoL.lc ou s,oiell] uotl6

OT

'1esrno,{ 1o ,i1nF
e.re no Eulqlauos JoJ

slaqlo oztotluc ],uplnoLls no

'op

lll/v\ ,{eq1,ies ,{eq

]eqiv\ uel.l] ororu sueau soop en1ce uos.led e ]eqM

']soc e ]e souoc
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'auole acuereedde
Eulqleuos ro ouootuos 1o uotutdo ue [uJoJ ],uec no
,{q

'ol ]ue^A l,uop,{eql J! }l op o} uaq} acrol },uec no lnq

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'SAplSU/v\OP

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seapt ]uoJolJlp a^eL{ lle edoe e
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no

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t
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e

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'spJo/v\ ueq] rapno eads suollce

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**.,* ,- iT --^ ."-

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spunorJns }eLl}

rauosttd eq1

lle^ L{E!L, eq} Jo^o Fuqutc q

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Jo
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ear sep

pue r1

'sep Mol e ro1

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ou spuarrl pooB er,Aeq] lnq
'A

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'lootlcs ]e

sl ueu oN c

uelll JollllFltu s! ued

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se Fultll Llcns ou s,alol.ll e

no1 ,fue6 q

'uosradsaods
acod e ples ,'eo1s plno^ ,{pel plo alDll e pe}cedsns
aLlS, e
auo ou asnecaq Euo os roJ ]t -

.-9

ssaulll Jo )4cotls e uorJ ronocol

- no le?
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AUOAUIOS tlll/v\

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socrnosoj

paqsund ro ]tlBnec Eueq ]nol,llt^A edecse

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pF
aF

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[;iT]::

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taF ql!/n sqo^ eserq @

'OT-f sFulueeu Jleqt qt!/t^

ruorll Llcleu uor1 'pernbar s! olclue ou il A Io o..rt 'ue / e
qlln sFules qsFu3 uotutuoc osoLlt u sdeB aql elelduoC

renqelo

L
'ureBe {.r}'sueddeL{ }eL{} }l

'Bulllac oLl] ol Xcnls loF s,]r pue

rlBlr.l oo] ]r u^orr.l] en,no ssolun
lll/v\ ]f t-,lcltj/vl 'unop Sau/oc I uaqlA
]t tlclec o peu aq pue'uec no
luewalow ptendn ue

se Ueq se

tll!/
no 4c'uecL'tll?ue
tsU/A
s,utJe
ued Fu,{tl eql pptl
le
pue'yede
rno,i r.,llrt puels
1ea

peer or,no,{ uaL{M 'Fulllec

^

ol

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'no,{ puno.e eceds Jo }lq e a}rnb

]oF an,no J! sdleq ]l ']ceJ.rad

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pFtoJ

no

uehl

tleq| lasdn awattxe wJ leql

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lnoqlll

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qcrL.l/v\

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paeu ],uop no 'acuelslp uoLls
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no sep

rarodeg

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u^ op uoll] pue dn Eurool ]de),1
,ieql 'ou lnoqe Furylet oJo/v\
aq1 aas plnoc - enBeeoc
e o] a>iods aLl uaLll 'se/v\ lrsrn
o esodrnd ol,l] ]eqm pue
ru

uo paNile

pl ltlflltt leqlt'uooq

I peLl aJaLlA alrl 'suorlsenb

q payes al,l

eu Furse

'llag

uen

peuaddel{ }eLM ueuo^

'euu ,ieer se/v\ ]r ]l EuUepuonn

'suorlecrdttroc

Se/v\ ar.l

lla] plnoc l'lool

eFuens te e ew

oL.l]

v
noi pulrloq

)auoq eq

ae$ )eclJJo
penr.r.re I

"{epre}se
no eqm
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/v\ou),1

'sltl] urorJ
no{ ezruBocar p,l ),lulr.,l} },uop I
'oBe
sreer{ anr ,{reeu uale} se^

uehl

ueuo^

}l

ueh

'8uno os lool no ueruo^

'sr urelrec 1 ueh

o peads aql alrl 'oo1

no eer ]eq]

sl

ueuo^
T

ldr.rcs o!pnv

or.,l]'olnr e se 'osnecaq lercnlc

sr paedg ']r o] palrns elrnb ]ou
ar,o/v\ osnecaq lano eBueL.lc uaq]
pue srolur.rds se JJo Uels sn
Jo ]ol

ueh

pre/v\rol Fu>1oo eer

ezruBocar llrls plnoqs

no ]nq - uo sasselFuns ,iur

oneLl ll, 'uuns s,]! Jl 'sueef pue
lelce[ per lqBuq e FuUeem eq

,iqeqord ll,l 'ssorppe rno ou)1

^
| - lxel e ]eE,{rsee uec ',{rorvr
l,uop '1,uec nor{ 'esec}rns ,{tu
r.,llr^ acuerlue ureu aLll reau

'Fur{llotvt

JO

'Jarlar

e sr

ealq

uealc e s,]! Aes srolcop

]!e/v\ ll,l 'dn eu crd o uorlels

aL} o} oruoc uec no il'Fulutow
lfiu)owoJ 0e'0T le uollels aql le
fluwue eq H,ies o] Fur ycrnb
e no{ enlB p,l }UBnoq }snl"'rH uetuog
Z,

]r ],uplno^
'leu!l
dnc
lsrrl rno ueeq eneq
plno/v\ 1 ',ieprnles ]xau
eur dnc oLll ul Fut,{eld ssr.u

'uaddeq sFultlt osaLll 'aueF

pJell e s,lleqlooj ]nq 'uor.l]

o] peueddeq peLl ]! J! snounJ
,{e1nosqe uooq oneq plno/v\
edoed euos oul I pue 'sa reeqlooJ
^ preLl
'UFnoql 'alIce]
e se/v\ ]l elodeU

]V ueuo^
L

ue lcedxa ],uop pue

]sju

]nq
]e pourasuoc ]rq
e se/v\ snotnqg 'rn[ur
aq] lo asnecoq sLlluoru
oM] ]seol ]e Jol ]no oq ll,l relleqlooJ

"'
pur/v\ aLl]

o1 eadde

}ue!iluq oq
'euor{lene 'cn

poog 'saunlsoc rno olur ]eF

pue oE lle uec no ueql 'eu13
oN suorlsanb uy 'e s,]eql

'sluered rno{ o} oAeM ,uop 'op

puv 'eseed 'LUnB

no{ rene}eqm

Fumaqc ou :sBulr.,l] ]ueuodul

,{ren reqlo oanl 'no,{ real{ uec
Xceq all] ]e auorene ]eL,l] os

'oo] 'ocron pnol acru e ur eads

o] roqurauaS 'suaddeLl leLll J!
no tdutotd , pue 'aFels aql lo
apls aqt rc Fulpuels aq , 'luon
J,uop 'saut

'Futle aq J,uol

no euu eq pno^ l! pue 'r*!J

aql lo rc Fultllltea Fulzlue?to

Futt\ os lsn/ s,l/ 'suossal

Eulpu raq o] euuv pue ecrlcerd
lleqlooJ slr.,l ol xcer aIe] - ]seal
]e sorlrnrlce eprnles ror.,l] lno
Uos plnoc no r deq leerB e
oq plnoM ]! lnq 'etu se ,{snq
se ]snI er,no oul I osnecoq
'Furureduoc^ ]ou ru,l 'sselc
]alleq roq o] euuv olel 'sselc
opnl srq o] yceI ee1 'ea1rlor.,l]
oleu 'dn ueql crd 'ooqcs
o] sp!I or.l] oIe] | 'Fu!tlrene

'rcwtoyed punulp ue
gaq z(es pnoc no'\ce ul ')aqle
rcFuls peq e lou gaq pue'ysoq
orls wtlc poo? e slew eH
$n[]ou s,aH 'ilel se

^
'ueeowoc
e

sflultll )aqw op uec aq osnecaq

sr punore suerpauoc .aL.llo
oll] lo oujos ueLll InJsseccns
ojor.u uooq seq aq uoseor ureLu
aq] )4u!r.ll I lnq 'paurecuoc sr
L.lllLUS Yuerl se reJ se onJ] ore
oseq] Jo llV 'uolsl^olo] uo lla/v\

',{ed out auoc sro}oe} raL,l}o

,{snotnqg 'dwnf no ecues/p aql
soutw)eJep Llcltll le{.il s,l/ pue
']rlBlaLl rno,{ seurure}ep JJo-aye}
aroloq lsn[ anerqce no,{ paeds

SSoJce aLuoc Ol OAeLI nOr{ pue

'oso euorena o] ]uoroJlrp ]rq

e aq o] o^el,l no^ 'uor.uo^ pue
ocuolpne apl/v\ e
uoLU t,lloq

asaq] Inlssoccns oq o] xulr.,l] | ueuo^

v9

g9

V8 3 L
VZ 3T

3V 8t
v

eBed ulua1St1

y 'eduexe roJ'sollauJ

llun

Vocabulary

Grammar

page 4

7a doing
edoing
f 've made /
b make
g make
c do
d to do / doing

! a
made

Grammar
7 a must/ should

page s

b have to / need to
c must
d had to
e must / need to / should
f need to
2 a don't have to
b needn't
c didn't need to show
d don't have to / don't need to
e didn't have to
3 a compulsory d is allowed
b forbidden e don't have to
c can't
4 When you're twelve, you can / you're
allowed to buy pets.
/ you're not allowed to buy
pets until you're twelve.

You can't

When you're thirteen, you can / you're

allowed to get a part-time job.
You can't / you're not allowed to get a
part-time job until you're thirteen.

-v,

When you're sixteen, you can / you're

allowed to leave school.
You can't / you're not allowed to leave
school until you're sixteen.
When you're eighteen, you can /
you're allowed to buy cigarettes.
You can't / you're not allowed to buy
ciarettes until you're eihteen.
When you're eighteen, you can /
you're allowed to vote in elections.
You can't / you're not allowed to vote
in elections until you're eighteen.
When you're sixteen, you can / you're
allowed to become a soldier.
You can't / you're not allowed to
become a soldier until you're sixteen.
When you're seventeen, you can /
you're allowed to drive a car.
You can't / you're not allowed to drive
a car until you're seventeen.

Reading and Use of Engtish

Vocabulary
!

page 7

I'm driving
You're always telling

1,

c belongs
2
T
d I work, I'm travelling
3
N o
e I don't usually eat, taste
4
A
L M
P
f is expecting
5
G A
h are visiting
2 a shines
i knows
b seems
6
c
j looks
c speak
7
S H
d am trying k get
e know
I leave / are leaving 3 a flat
b freely
f am making m arrive / arriving
c rough
g am spending
4a finger
Writing page 8
b back
c
tongue
It is clear that for some of these
d
feet
people, such experiments with
appearance are successful, (a) but
things can go seriously wrong.
Unfortunately, (b) ths can cause
great unhappiness and can even ruin
people's lives.
It seems that the majority of
operations are on people (c) who are
simply unhappy with the way they
look. They believe that altering their
physical appearance will increase
their confidence or make them more
attractive to other people. They hope
surgery will make it easier for them to
make friends or to get a good job.
(d) Ihere have been many recent

reports about cosmetic surgery

operations that have gone wrong.
When I heard about these, I wondered
why so many people choose to have
these operations.
(e) Io conclude, I would suggest
that everyone considering cosmetic
surgery should first receive honest
medical advice and be warned about

the risks involved.

(f) There is no doubt that some
cosmetic operations are necessary
for medical or psychological reasons,
(g) for example for patients who have
been involved in serious accidents.
(h) However, it is clear from the

1D 28 3A 48 5C 6D

page 8

1A 28 3D 4D 5A
7 C 8A

6C

A W L

d wide
e lately
earm

f
g
h

head
neck

hair

Readrng and Use of English

page 10

1B 2D 3C 4A 5B 6A
7B 8A 9D 10C
Vocabulary page LL
7 a undervalued
b overdressed, underdressed
c overgrown
d extra-curricular
e overcritical / hypercritical
f extraordinary
g overqualified
2 a A cat which got nto the house

c
d

through an open window set off the

burglar alarm / set the burglar
alarm off.
We'd better set off early tomorrow.
We've got a long way to travel.
Recently more and more people
have been setting up their own
internet companies.
The police set their dogs on the
bank robbers as they tried to
escape.

number of operations conducted

Reading and Use of English

Unit 2

every year that most 'patients' are not

in (i) this category.

page 6

78

pase e

The terrible rain storms we've had

recently have set back the house-

building programme / set the

house-building programme back by
several months.
I'm going to write to the principal
setting out my ideas / setting my
ideas out for improvements to the
school.

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lnt

2 a inform you, receive, to be claimed

b Simply write, your chosen items
c at your convenience
d they will be reserved, notify us, to

avoid additional charges

photographs, required documents,
your identity card will be issued
immediately

give up
page

Listening pase L7
7C 2A 3C 48 5B 6C 7B
o

more I won, the more frequently

I played, and it wasn't long
before I was playing for three or
four hours every day.
And did you go on winning?
lnt
Maggie For a while, yes. I was beginning

to think I couldn't lose, so

gambled larger and larger sums
of money, until one day I lost
five thousand pounds.
I

Audio script

lnt

This evening in our series 'ln my

experience' our guest is Maggie
Lyons an adviser to people who
are addicted to gambling. She
provides support to individuals

and gives talks to local

community groups. Welcome,
Maggie.
Maggie Thank you - hello.
You have not always worked as
lnt
an adviser, have you?
Maggie No, certainly not. / was once
addicted to gamblinS myself.
Can I start by asking you how
lnt
you became addicted and,
perhaps more importantly, how

you managed to kick the habit?

Magge Well, let me start by saying it

was a lot more difficult to stop
than it was to start, lt began
in a very innocent way, really.
A roup of us at work used to

meet for a game of cards every

week. We played for very low
stakes, but for some reason
almost always won, and sadly,
got t into my head that I was a
luc person.
I

80

Samble smaller and smaller

amounts of money each time.

such a good secret.

How much money did you make
lnt
in the end?
Magge ln the first month, I made over
two thousand pounds. The

1-o

1-a3 b7 c2
2 a never got used to
b used to smoke
c are used to getting dressed
d get used to driving
e did you use to live

actually make?

person, I started gambling

online - and strangely I went
on winning. Believe it or not,
in my first week, I made over a
hundred pounds. Perhaps my
mistake was that I didn't tell
anyone what I was doin$. I kePt it

Vocabutary page 16
d gving away
1, a give back
e gave in / gave uP
b gave out
Grammar

to radually reduce the amount

of time / spent online, and to

Maggie Next to nothing, really probably about five pounds a

week. Playing for money just
made the game a bit more
exciting. Anyway, because lwas
convinced that I was a lucky

Unit 3

That does sound very innocent.

How much money did you

lnt

Five thousand?

Magge Yes, but even then, I thought I'd

win again if I went on playing.
But over the next few weeks,
lost more often than I won, until
I had almost no money left in
the bank.
lnt
So what did you do?
Magge ln the end / asked my dad for a
loan - I told him I needed a new
I

car.
And nobody advised you to stop?
Magge No - because nobody knew. I
think my close friends misht
have guessed but didn't know
for sure. Anyway, to cut a long
story short, eventually I realized
gambling was ruining my life
and I decided to look for help.
lnt
Where did you go?

lnt

Maggie I phoned a helpline and got an

appointment with an addiction
counsellor. She was brilliant.
How did she help?
lnt
Magge She said it was the activity
was addicted to, rather than
the money, so her advice was
I

At one point I thought about

getting together with other
addicts, but decided against it
in the end.

lnt

And were you able to follow that

advice?
Maggie Well, eventually,yes, but I can't
pretend it was easy.
Did you go on losing money?
lnt
Magge Sometimes I won and
sometimes I lost, but the
amounts were never very large,
so the impact on my life was
not as great as it had been.
After two months I began to get
bored. Almost without realizing
il, I found / was choosin to
spend my money on c/othes,
books, gong to the cinema things like that.
So when was the last time you
lnt
gambled?
Maggie Three years ago. I can't believe
I was so stupid.
And now you help other PeoPle
Int
with the same problem?
Magge Yes, that's riht. I work as
a volunteer for the same
organization that helPed me.
use the same method, too.
And does it always work?
lnt
Maggie Usually, yes. The thing is, it
takes people different lengths of
time to kick the habit, but in the
end they nearly all do - or they
I

at /east reduce ther gamblng to

a levelthey can control. Some
people are hapPy with that.
You must find it very rewarding.
lnt
Magge I do - because I know how
dreadful addiction can be.
Next, we're going to talk to
lnt
someone who is still addicted to
online gambling and ask Maggie
to give her some advice.

Grammar page 17
!a experience e

b lights
c noise
d much time
2 a bit/ piece /
b bit / piece /
c bit / stroke

language

f exercises
g room

word
sheet

.Y

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a
p

1!q

f ,/
e will object
h

are you gong to do

/ will you do

3 a is going to be / will be
b am going to faint
c am going
d leaves
e will have worked / will have been
working

f will turn
g am going to give up
h

will be thinking

Reading and Use of English

page 24

1C 28 3D 48 5D 6A
Grammar page 2s
7 a too, enough c too
d enough
b too
2 b You aren't old enouSh to learn to
drive.

You're walking too slowly to keep

These new jeans aren't big enough

up with me.

e
o

.v,

f
g

for me.
My brother lives too far away to
come for the weekend.
I'm too short to reach the top shelf.
I'm not well enouh to come on
holiday with you.

Reading and Use of English

page 26
7 didn't have (enough) time
2 is bound to pass

3 have arranged a meeting / have

arranged to meet
4 has been brought in
5 are unlikely ever to go / to ever go
6 picked it up while / by / when / whilst

Vocabulary page 26
t b energetic h fair
i organized
c creative
j fit
d patient
k enthusiastic
e caring
I hard-working
f brave
g sociable m cheerful

Writing page 27
11b 2f 3a 4d
2a4 b1 c5 d3 e6 f2

82

either boiling hot or freezing cold - and

the beds were narrow and really hard. I
woke up with backache every morning. lf
you were really unlucky, you'd be sharin
with someone who snored or be woken
up in the middle of the niht by a ticket
inspector. lt wasn't the most restful way
to travel.

Unit 5
Vocabulary page 28
1a trip
ecrossing
f cruise
b tour
g voyage
c journey
d excursion
2adid
b campsite, put up
c landed
d boarded, crew, fasten
e package
f miss
g coach, booked
h ports, disembarked
i take
j lanes
k souvenir
3 a pick me up e took off
f stop over
b set off
c checked in g drop you off
d see him off
d time
4 a seat
e parts
b tyre

room

Speaker 3
The worst travelling experience l've ever
had was when I was in the States. /
was flying from Newark to Washinton
Dulles - about an hour's flight. We set
off late, and then when we were half-way
to Washington, we were told that we

couldn't land because of bad weather

and we had to turn back. Then, when
we got back to Newark, we found that
all the flights to Washington had been
cancelledl We ended up sleeping on the
floor of the departure loune! We had to
complain repeatedly to the Sround staff,
but eventually they put us on buses to
take us to our destination.
Speaker 4
I don't suppose I could really

change

Listening page 2e
1E 2C 3A 4H 5D
Extra sentences: B, F, G

Audio script

recommend hitchhiking as a way of

travelling these days, but when I did it,
it was a common way of getting around
on a tight budget. No one gave a second
thought as to whether it was safe or
not. When I was in my early twenties,
hitchhiked all round Europe, and never
once felt in any sort of danger. I loved it.
You never got bored because every day
was different - you never knew where
you were gong to end up, and everY
person who gave you a lift was different.
You might be picked up by a couple in
an expensive car one day and a farmer
driving a tractor the next.
I

Speaker 1
Last year, I went to France on a day trip
with some friends. They were taking
their car and asked if I wanted to come
along as they had a spare seat. I was
quite excited because I'd never travelled
to France through the Channel Tunnel
before - I'd always gone on the ferry
- and I have to say it was much faster
and much more convenient, but it was
also quite boring. lt was like being on a
plane with no windows, because there
was nothing to see except the car in
front and the car behind. I'm not saying
I wouldn't use the Tunnel again, but it
certainly wasn't what I expected.
Speaker 2
One summer, when I was a student,
travelled round Spain by train. I went
with a friend and we travelled at niht
to save money on accommodation. We
slept in 'literas', which are bunk beds.
There were six in each compartment:
three on each side, one on top of
the other. The temperature in our
compartment was never riht - it was
I

Speaker 5
I went to China last year with a tour
company. I'm not a great fan of
organized holidays as a rule, but if you're
going to a country where you don't know
the language, and you want to see as
much of it as you can in a short time,
then it's a good way to do it. Our guide
was very informative, and we saw an
awful lot, including how people live,
which was fascinating. But we didn't
stop from seven in the morning till seven
at niht! /t was a very trng schedule and
it involved so much travelling! l'd have
liked to spend a week at a beach resort
at the end to recover. But that's my only

criticism.

t8

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Audio script
Today I'm going to talk about fish and

some recent research into how their

minds work. You are probably thinking
'Fish don't have minds, surely?' But that is
just one of the many wrong ideas people
have about fish. Today, I hope to dismiss
some of these ideas. The first thing I want
to say is that not all fish are the same.
And I'm not talking about the obvious
differences between one species of fish
and another; I'm talking about differences
within species. lt's been known for a long
time that animals like cattle and dogs are
all individuals, and behave differently in
different circumstances; but that's also
true of fish. Research has shown that
some fish are bold individuals who are risktakers, and others are shy and will avoid
taking risks.

.v,

Another wrong idea people have is that

fish have no memory. Unfortunately,
films like the Hollywood blockbuster
Finding Nemo, which stars a forgetful
blue fish called Dory, have reinforced this
idea. A f,sh's memory is longer than the
three seconds that people credit them
with. Research has shown that they can
remember experiences for many months
after just a little training. One trial involved
puttng fish in a bi fishing net in a tank,
and moving the net quickly backwards and
forwards. The fish had to learn where the
hole in the net was in order to get out. lt
only took about five trials - that's about
15 to 20 minutes - for them to learn
it. Ihen when the same fish were tested
72 months later, it was found that they'd
remembered exactly where the escape
route was.

There has also been some rather

unusual research done on carp fairly
recently. ln this study they played jazz
and classical music to the carp. They
trained them to perform one task if they
heard jazz and a different task if they
heard c/assica/ music. You may ask how
they were able to do that. Well, fish have
quite a good hearing system, so they
can hear the music. But whether it's the
vibration of the music or the rhythm that
helps them to distinguish one kind of
music from the other is not yet known.
Many people ask me whether fish can
feel pain. ln one recent study, when the
lips of live trout were injected wth bee
venom, they rocked from side to side just
like some zoo animals do when they're

84

depressed or sad. They also rubbed the

affected area against the sides of the
tank and the gravel at the bottom. Ihis
appears to be similar to the behaviour
of people and animals, who also try to
reduce the intensity of pain in an affected
area by rubbing it.
However, there is another school of
thought that says that because fish don't
possess a neocortex, that's the outer part

of the brain believed to be responsible for

consciousness, they can't feel pain in the
same way we do.
Finally, you may be wondering what my

views are on keeping, for example, a

goldfish as a pet. Well, that's not really
for me to say, but research shows that
fish are more conscious creatures than
they were previously thought to be, so
personally lwould be aainst keeping
them in smallglass bowls. A tank would
certainly be preferable. But put lots of
things in it; change the scenery around
from time to time. lf you want your fish to
be happy and healthy, the most important
thing is that they're stimulated and
interested.

Writing

page 3e

Music plays an important role in many

people's lives. Whether it is classical
music, pop music, rock music, jazz or
opera, we all listen to it at one time or
another for a variety of reasons.
Music can certainly affect our mood
(,) but the kind of music we listen to

will affect our mood differently. Upbeat

music generally makes people feet
happy (,) while slow music, particularly
if it reminds us of a painful event in our
past, can make us feel sad.
lf we are feeling sad or depressed,
music may lift our spirits. However, there
are many other activities people can do.
Many people find that doing exercise
is effective. For other people, spending
time with friends has the same positive
effect on their mood. Being out in the
countryside or by the sea can also work.
To sum up, music may be a good therapy

for some people when they are feeling

low, but for others it can have the
opposite effect. There are many other
activities which people can do which are
equally, if not more, effective.
Note: The punctuation marks in brackets
are optional.

Unit 7
Listening pase 40
1B 2A 3A 48 5C 6A

7C

Audio script

lnt

Welcome to today's 'Free Time',

the programme which looks at the

work of unpaid volunteers. Last
week, we heard from Hamid, who
helps to organize a sports club
for children in his neighbourhood.
Today in the studio we have Jerry,
a 2O-year-old student. Jerry, could
you start by telling us briefly what
kind of volunteering you do?
Jerry Of course. I work on a steam
railway quite near to where
I

lnt

study.
A steam railway

- that sounds

fascinating. Tell us more.

Jerry Well, as you've probably giuessed,

this is not an ordinary modern
railway which takes people to and
from work. lt's actually a historic
railway which oriinally opened

in 1-865. /t used to transport coal

from the mines in the area to the
nearest port, which was about
fifty kilometres away. Ihese days,
it's mainly a tourist attraction,
although there is still a daily
service which takes people from a
small village to the nearest town.
lnt And what do you do to help with
the running of the railway?
Jercy Well, the only thing I don't do
is drive the engines. That's
specialist work I'm not qualified
to do. But / do everything else,
from selling tickets to passengers
to keepng the station tidy and
servin in the caf. What I like
best is helping to repair and
restore old steam engines. Being
an engineering student, that's
not too difficult for me to do and
find it absolutely fascinating. But
during the spring and summer,
there are a hundred and one
things to do to cater for the
visitors. So, enerally speaking
we do this kind of work out of the
tourist season. There's a bit more
time for it then.
lnt And how is the railway funded?
Jerry We get a small grant from the
local council, but most of our
I

98
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I've listened to this programme

for as long as I can remember
- so long, in fact, that I now
think of the main newsreaders
almost as friends.

Man

lnt
Man
lnt
Man

lnt
Man

Can I ask you a few questions

about the newspapers you
read?
Certainly, what would you like to
know?
Well first of all, do you read a
newspaper every day, or only

occasionally?
Every day. Actually, I read two
papers - the News Daily on the
way to work and the Financial
Times when I get to work.
When you're reading the News
Daily, what do you read first?
Well, I glance atthe main
stories, then turn to the back
and read the day's sports news.

Woman I have to admit, I love those

magazines that tell you all about
celebrities, you know, film stars,
singers, TV personalities. I love
finding out the details of their
private lives: who's having an
affair with who, who's bought
an expensive new house, who's
expecting a baby. Most of all,
I like readng about what's
happening in my favourite soap
operas.l know some people
pretend they aren't interested
in this kind of thing but I don't
believe them. I think everyone's
curious about how the rich and
famous live their lives.

.Y

every day. lt's fantastic. / m

totally amazed that anyone sti//
buys the paper. You can even

find out background information

by following the links at the ends
of the stories. lt's certainly a
quick and easy way of finding
out what's gong on in the world.
6

Woman Did you see the film on Channel

29 last night?
Man No, we haven't got satellite TV.
Woman Really? You don't know what
you're missing.
Man How many channels can you
get?
Woman Eihty-three at the moment, but
it's oing up to one hundred and
fifty

Man

boy

the moment, having sx channels

to choose from.
Woman You'd get used to rt.
Man
l'm not sure I'd want to get
used to it - especially if reater
choice meant poorer quality
programmes.

which may come as no surprise

to teachers and parents of small
children, but which was certainly
news to me. The basic finding
is this: the more often parents
read to their children from a very
early age, the greater the effect

TV.

just so middle-aged.
86

bit earlier.
Woman Well, it's worth a try.

Vocabulary
L a goes by
b go after

on their language skills, such

Man

What time do we need to leave

in the morning?
Woman Half past eiht at the latest.

going on
go up
go along with

Reading and Use of Eng[ish

page 48

1B 2A 3D 4D 5D 6A
Grammar
1,

a
b
c
d
e

2a

page 50

'Hurry up. We're going to be late.'

'Do you think I should wear my
long dress or my short stripy one /
dress?'
'l think you should wear your black
dress. / Why don't you wear your
black dress?'
'l can't. lt's at the dry-cleaner's.' /
'l can't because it's at the drycleaner's.'
'l don't care what you wear, but if
we're late, I might lose my job.'
Delia said (that) she'd love to and
asked him what time it started.
Paul replied that it started / would
start (at) about ten but that she
could come when she liked.
Delia said (that) she'd been invited

to Paul's party. Angie asked when

as reading and speaking. lt was

found that reading to children
six or seven times a week puts
them almost a year ahead of
those who are not read to on a
regular basis. lt's clear that this
will ive children who are read to
a massive advantae.

pase 48

d
e
c go through f

Woman I've recently read some research

I'm probably not typical of

someone my age, but I find
most programmes completely
predictable. I et very bored
watching'N - l'd much rather be
actually doing somethinS. So, for
example, / spend a fair amount
of time playing football or
swimming. The only programmes
I try to watch regularly are music
programmes - | try to catch the
charts every week. But I can
honestly say, I never watch the
news or documentaries. Most of
all I hate game shows - they're

next year.
I don't think I could cope with all

that choice. /t's bad enouh at

4
Teenage I hardly ever watch

Oh! But I've asked the

decorator to come round.
Woman What time?
Man
Well, I asked him to come first
thing. He said he'd be here by
nine. That'll be okay, won't it?
Woman l'm not sure. The ferry leaves at
ten and it takes about an hour
to get there.
Man Hmm - that could be a problem.
Woman Can't we ask him to come next
week?
Man We could - but l'd prefer to rin
him and see if he can et here a
Man

I'd never really thought of

the internet as part of the
media - but then one of my
colleagues told me about all the
newspapers you can get online.
I subscribe to the New York
Iimes - which means I get sent
the online version as an email

it was.
Delia replied that it was on
Saturday. She added that she didn't
want to go but (she) couldn't say no.
Angie suggested that Delia should
phone him / Paul on Saturday and
say (that) she didn't feel well.
Paul's mother warned him not
to make too much noise. She
added that she didn't want any
complaints from the neighbours.
Paul promised (that) he wouldn't.

.Y

L8
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(epel) "

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'ut

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ot qsl^ lqeqotd m no uaql
uoAl 'vnoLlxts )o 'salnuw Ogg

oq pnol weqt Jo tlcee le tuads

seJnww nol Tsnf os 'sllg/qxa
aulu lnoqe are uaLU'snoLl
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a?etee aql su/oas y 'sqTuow
eql )oto lno pauJec

nal

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ere sFultl] uol/v\ 'Og'Z JaUe

ro -'tu'e 6 punoJe - Futqr
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or,uoc o] oru!] ]saq eLl]
sr uaq/v\ 'Eutllsln Jo Fu!>.lultll
are oqM adoed rol ',{eut og ,elueseld
'llo/v\ Se

uaq] souocla^

1t snonqo

UEnoql'sdnorB leluoLxuorl^uo
]o sraqLuotu ,ipeete ele
ol.l/v\ Uolllll.U aarq] aLll ueq]
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noqe paurccuoc tetnclued
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l, 'suolFel lsoule/v\

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awll lilu )leLll s,l! s/ol/s/^ o{./l
lo %Og tol'{,fuzewv 'peuqe

'yn aq] ur suollcer]]e lollsl^

FulBreulc tendod ]sotu oL.l]

cL v9 c9 av 8t cz, 8r
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6 ]!un
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aq] aprslno ]aoul o] paBuelle aM
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seelaLuv\ q

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T,

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set

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u Ol

r.

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uels

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],upel1 eqs qm ellag Po>lse

olad

Vocabu[ary
t a to

page 53

b in
con
d to
ein
2 a make, with
b making, from
c take, off
d make, for
e made, with

f
g

about, to
against

hon

i to, between
j to
f takes, for
g take, in
h make, of
i take, at

f
g

Reading and Use of Engtish

page 55

1D 2C 3A 48 5C 6B
Vocabutary

Sally's going out with someone who

/ lhal she met at Jason's party.
j Not surprisingly, we never got
back the things which / that we'd
reported stolen.
k We'll be staying at the Seaview
Hotel, which is on the seafront.
I The best time to go to Scotland is
June, when the weather is warmer.
m I've decided I don't like the shoes
which / lhal I bought on Saturday.
n The Hilton is expensive, which is
what you'd expect. After all, it is a
five-star hotel.

1, observation / observer, prediction,

definition, explanation, reaction,
variation / variely, behaviour,
performance / performer, occurrence,
suggestion, fluctuation, eruption

Grammar page 56
7 a Non-definng: The word
o
.y

c
d
e

g
h
i
2a

The 10.05 from London to Norwich,

which is due to arrive at Platform
1, will call at Colchester, lpswich

and Norwich.

88

We'll have the party next Friday,

which is the day when / that he
comes out of hospital.

mght have done it?

I don't know of any restaurants
where you can get a decent meal
for under Lts.
What's the name of that singer
whose record was number one last
month? The one who / that writes
his own songs.
United's second goal, which was
scored in the final minute, won

Reading and Use of Engtish

page 57

1,

f. international
2 medical
3 donation
4 knowledge

The girl over there who

that

is

a
b

c
d
e

were

made more expensive, people

misht be encouraged to leave their

cars at home.

c
d

A park-and-ride scheme could be

introduced. A car park could be
built outside the town with cheap
parking, and free transport could
be provided into the town centre.
More bicycle racks, where bikes can
be left safely, should be installed.
Cars could be banned from gong
into the town centre altogether and
only bikes, taxis and buses (be)
allowed.
lf the suggested changes were
implemented, the amount of
pollution in the town centre would
be reduced.

Unit 10
Reading and Use of English

talking to John used to go to my

page 59

school.

1D 2A 3B 4C 5D 6A
7C 8B 9B 10C

3 Sentences e, i, j, m
4

5 sisht
6 strengthening
7 blindness
8 treatment

Writing page 57
t a lf parking in the town centre

them the cup.

page 55

'smo',
which was coined in the early 2oth
century, combines the words
'smoke' and 'fog'.
Non-defining: ln the late 1-9th
century, London, which was known
as 'The Big Smoke', suffered
almost constant foggy conditions.
Defining
Defining
Non-definin: Because of the poor
visibility, which was often less than
one metre, dozens died in road
accidents.
Non-defining: These days smog,
which particularly affects people
who have respiratory problems,
is mainly caused when fuel
emissions from cars react with
sunliht in humid, still atmospheric
conditions.
Defining
Defining
Defining

The golden eagle, whose eggs are

stolen by unscrupulous collectors,
is now an endangered species.
What's the name of the girl who /
that got married to Chris Small? ls
it Louise?
Can you think of any reason why he

The guest house we stayed at

when we were in Prague was risht

in the city centre.

The couple we shared our table at
lunch with were from Poland. / The
couple we shared our table with at
lunch were from Poland.
The travel agency we booked our
holiday through was excellent.
The tour, which we had heard so
much about, was definitely worth
gong on.
The audio guide, which we would

have been lost without, was

available in several languages.
The holiday we'd looked forward to
so much was over too soon.

Vocabutary

page se

77a dessert
bdesert
2a compliment bcomplement
3a stationary bstationery
4a effect
baffect
5a economical beconomic
6a principle bprincipal
2a on
d off
boff
e up
c with
f up
3 a gamble
e advice
b blame
f dislike
g offence
c interest
d seat
Grammar
Lahad

page 6o

b hadn't gone
c could
d would put

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Audio script

or email, but there's something

very special about writing
old-fashioned letters.

t
Woman I think the British use more
gestures than they used to.
It may be partly because we
come into contact with other
nationalities more often than in
the past - you know, on foreign
holidays, or when we see
foreigners on television. I think
we've got used to seeing people
gesturing, and we've started
doing it ourselves. I remember
when / was a child lthought
anyone who moved their hands
and arms about when they were
talking was very odd. Now I'd
say it's much more common.
2

lnt
Man
Int
Man
o

.v,

lnt
Man

lnt
Man

Do you think you could tell

us something about how you
learned Thai?
Of course. lt was when I
was worklng as a teacher in
Bangkok.
Did you have lessons or did you
just pick it up?
Both. I lived with a Thai family,
and I also went to evening
classes at a local college.
Did the family teach you?

Not exactly, but I certainly

learned from them. Even though
they could speak English very
well, I insisted that they always
spoke to me in Thai. That way I
was forced to use the lansuase.
And the evening classes?
They helped of course, but
I found the grammar quite
difficult.

Man

in the eye.

Woman I find it quite difficult to keep

eye contact for longer than

Woman I took early retirement from

work because of illness and
decided to do a course in
creative writing at our local
university. lt was just for fun,
really - and to keep myself
occupied - I never thouht l'd
get anything published. The
course lasted two years and
towards the end they invited
a number of literary agents to
meet us. During the second
year, I wrote the first draft of a
story connected with my family
and one of the agents seemed
interested. We met a couple
more times and he decided to
take me on. And the rest, as
they say, is history. My second
novel's coming out next month.

angry - just really upset. I'll

never forget the look on her
face.

Woman I've known Maggie since we

90

a few seconds. I feel quite

embarrassed.
Man You need to practise doing
il. Obviously, you've got to be
careful not to look as if you're
starin, so that means not
opening your eyes too wide.
Woman What about blinking? ls it OK to
blink?
Man Yes, of course. lt's not some
kind of competition to see
who's the first to blink. lt's just
a way of showins that you're
interested in the person you're
talking to.
5
Man I wouldn't say I'm a particularly
honest person - it's just that
I'm just not very good at lying.
can still remember the first lie
ever told. I was about six at the
time. I had some medicine for a
sore throat and I hated the taste
of it. My mother promised she'd
take me shopping as soon as I'd
had this horrible medicine. So
hid the medicine at the back of
a cupboard and told my mother
I'd taken il. About five minutes
after we got back from the shops
my mother found it. She wasn't

3
were at school together. We've
met regularly ever since. One
year she'll come and stay with
me, and the next l'll visit her.
And we've had a few holidays
together. And on top of that
we've always written resular
/etters. We've been doing it now
for over forty years. We've only
ever missed a couple of letters:
once when I was away on
holiday and once when Maggie
was in hospital having one of
her children. We've thought
about changing to the phone

And remember, when you're

answering the interviewer's
questions, look them

it was rush hour - the road was

incredibly busy.
Man So what did you do?
Woman ljust waited and hoped
someone would stop and
help me. The thing is, I've
never changed a tyre before.
Eventually, thank goodness, a
police car stopped.

Woman lt was awful - ljust didn't know

what to do.

Man

Didn't you have your mobile with

you?

Woman Yes, I did, but the battery

Man

flat.

was

What about the emergency

phones? There's usually one of
those about every 500 metres.
Woman I could probably have reached
one, but I was worried about
leaving the car and walking
around outside on my own. And

Woman We're open every day except

Sundays.

Man

OK - and how do I become a

member?
Woman lf you complete this form and
bring it back here, we'll issue
you a card.
Man And what does that entitle me
to?
Woman lt allows you to use all of our
facilities and to take out three
books at a time for up to two
weeks.
Man And can I access the internet

here?

Woman Yes, we have a computer suite

on the first floor.
Man Great! And how much is all this?
Woman At the moment, there's no
charge if you live locally, but

there may be a fee for internet

usage in the future.

Man

Thank you very much.

T6

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Speaker 5
You have to realize that these young
people haven't got much money and
so there is a limited number of things
they can do. They can't afford to go to
the cinema or go bowling, or at least
not very often. They are too young to
go to pubs or nightclubs. They want to
be with other young people their own
age, but they don't want to be stuck at
home. So what do they do? Hang about
in the street, meet up with other young
people and get into trouble quite simply
because they are bored.

Reading and Use of Engtish

page 70

t 1D 2A 3E 48 5E 6B
7C 8A 9C 10D
Vocabutary page 72
t a arrested, shoplifting
b burglary, burgled

.v,

c speeding, drink-driving
d hooligans
e mugger
f vandalism
2 a committing, arrested, charged
b court, bail, trial, trial
c jury, verdict, guilty, guilty
d jude, probation, committed,
sentence, death penalty

3 a fill it up
b tore the letter up
c wrapped up
d drink up
e tidy it up
f Eat up
g clear up
Reading and Use of English
page 73

L L household
2 disposable
3 financial
4 equipment

5 achievement
6 possession(s)
7 unwanted
8 functional

Writing page 73
7 a Both older people
b

c
92

and many young

people are scared to go into the
town centre at night.
As the bars and clubs are open
until late, some people end up
drinking too much.
As well as becoming argumentative,
some people get into fights.

e
f

ln addition to increasing the

number of police officers on the
street, more CCTV cameras should
be installed and linked directly to
the police station.
Buses should run throuShout the
night so that people wouldn't have
to walk home.
Not only would these improvements
make our town a safer place to be
at night but also a more pleasant
place to be (at night).

Grammar

page

t a lcould/mighthave
b she can't be / mustn't be
c I miht
d must have taken
e can't have been / miht not have
been / must not have been
f lt must be
g I could / might be
h

You must have

may

i we must have
j You miht not have given him
k She could / might / must be
I lt could / might / must be
d can't
2 a can't
e could
b can't
3 a the
b A / The, the, the
c The
d a,an,A
e a, the, the, a
f a,a
g o, the, the
h The, the, @,lhe

4a

f a, a (9)

a (6)

b The,

the (10)

c an (1)
d a, a, a (g)
e an, a (3)

6
b
h
i

b is / was getting on
c didn't get on

get away
get me down
ot by

g get over
h Sot out

A, tne
a (5)

12

j a, @ (4)

Vocabutary page 75
7 a sot away with
d
e

a,al)