12. 13. 14. Definite, indefinite and zero articles Fill the gaps with the, a, an or no article. .. Siberian tiger is threatened with ...... extinction because it is virtually impossible to trace ...... cunning Russian poachers. wesene life of Marco Polo was full of bold and breathtaking adventures. Today for several thousand dollars and with ...... help of professional mountaineers everyone can climb Mount Everest. In. Hyde Park in central London ordinary people can make speeches and express their opinions on various issues. ourane: bicycles standing on ...... porch belong to our children’s friends. cess Mr Turner called you while you were out, but he didn’t want to leave a message, and said that he would call again later. veces more | think of ...... prospect of emigrating to Canada, ...... less ... idea appeals to me. Don't you recognise the picture? It’s ...... Picasso! We're trying to create ...... friendly atmosphere in our company, and therefore we often go out together after work, . If you happen to come late after midnight, try not to make ...... noise as ween other tenants are bound to be fast asleep at that time. ... candidate for the advertised position should display ...... in-depth knowledge of IT related issues. In his novels James Joyce depicts ...... Dublin of his times. We stayed in New York for so short ...... time that we had no chance to S@e oo... Statue of Liberty, not to mention other tourist attractions. This region of Germany is renowned for ...... excellent white wine its vineyards turn out.15. 16. 17. 18. 19 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. BY. 28. 29. According to the recently amended labour code, ...... noise is classified as a kind of pollution. tht death of Czestaw Niemen is ...... great loss to ...... Polish music. When | started working in television, my colleagues gave me ...... hard time, as happens to all rookies. Jack is a real globetrotter. This year, for instance, he spent two months in France, then went to Portugal, visiting on ...... way his friends in Madrid, then decided to stay in Sweden for three months and now he has just set out for ...... Netherlands. As | soc it, the most norve-racking part of cach practical English exam is i. waiting for ...... results. With your fluent knowledge of English you can easily read such magazines in English like ...... Newsweek or ...... Economist. sere dictionary is ...... enormous help for ...... novice translators. The passer-by is reported to have been hit on ...... head with ...... beer bottle and knocked unconscious by one of football hooligans. In ...... Summer of 1996 raging storms swept through the country wreaking ...... havoc and causing ...... panic. bee computer has become so indispensable that it's difficult to imagine wn life without this ingenious invention. Do | get on with my neighbour well? Of course not! He’s ...... pain in sees neck, always nagging about something for no apparent reason. ..++.. Bombay Restaurant offers ...... remarkable selection of dishes from India. wee. bicycle is ...... environmentally-friendly means of transport. Her child went down with mumps a couple of weeks ago, but now he’s as fitas ...... fiddle. | was woken up at...... break of ...... dawn by ...... knock on ...... door. | quickly put on my dressing gown, looked through ...... peephole and saw ...... elderly woman. 1030. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. William Wallace devoted his whole life to fighting for ...... freedom of Having looked through various travel brochures | came to ...... conclusion that it’s not worth going on holidays to Greece for one week only. I've been racking my brains, but | can’t remember . exact date of bese opening of ...... exhibition. | think it's ...... Thursday, but | can’t tell you which week. In my opinion, buying shares in this ailing company is quite ..... risky investment. Yesterday at 5 p.m. there was . pile-up on . roundabout close to where | live. First, ...... driver of ...... blue van didn’t give ...... right of seeeee way to ...... approaching sedan and ...... cars collided. Then ...... cars behind didn’t manage to slow down in time, and bumped into them. oe blue van wasn’t badly damaged, but ...... sedan was really smashed. A lot of people believe that it is unlikely for human beings to ever settle in... space, I don’t suppose ...... man like your boss believes in ...... life after ...... death. Ask Derek. He keeps up with exchange rate and should know if currently ...... value of ...... euro against ...... dollar is favourable or not. The shortest way to England is through ...... Straits of Dover. sale only piece of information . public prosecutor's office wanted to give to ...... press was that ...... accused is going to stand ...... trial next Wednesday. A lot of newlyweds choose ...... Bahamas as ...... destination for their honeymoon trip. WWAL. ee editor is ...... person whose duties include supervising ...... work of journalists in his newspaper or magazine. G2. zeus lion might have been provoked by ...... very fact that ...... lion- tamer approached its cage. 43. Her father is ...... ardent supporter of ...... Republicans and wants her to marry ...... Republican. 44. Do you want to say that you talked to ...... Thom Yorke, ...... singer? That’s unbelievable! 45. Maggie claims that ...... believing strongly in ...... God helped her endure a lot of suffering in her life. 46. Every democratic country should guarantee ...... freedom of .... speech. 47. Newspapers in England can be classified into two types: ...... broadsheets and ...... tabloids. ...... Times is ...... example of ...... broadsheet. 48. Tough measures should be taken to decrease ...... amount of ...... noxious fumes in ...... atmosphere. 49. As | was leaving ...... office, | caught ...... sight of two dodgy-looking men coming into ...... secretary's room. 50. wee crew aboard ...... Canberra didn't realise that they were in ...... grave danger and were reluctant to abandon ...... ship.Modal verbs L. Choose the best option to fill each gap. 1. | didn’t know you didn’t eat meat. You .. earlier! | would have prepared something vegetarian then. a) could tell b) should have told c) should tell ~d) must have told 2. One a) mustn't b) shouldn't c) won't d) needn't smoke in this room. This is prohibited! to the library, as they didn’t have the book for her. She could have called to ask instead. a) needn't go b) couldn’t have gone c) needn't have gone d) ought to go 4. ‘Ican see that you are pretty busy at the moment. «|help you in any way?” a) Should b) May c) Will d) Might + be 5. The notice says: ‘Application forms submitted to the office within 15 days. a) must b) have to c) need to d) shall 6. ‘You... ... have told me it was a formal dinner! | would have put on something smart. In my old jeans | felt like a bit of a misfit.’ a) may b) needed c) might d) ought 7. She... me that something was wrong. | could see it clearly the moment she looked at me. a) needn't have told —_b) mustn’t have told _c) didn’t need to tell d) can't have told 1310. .-.. have much more free time when | was a student and life seemed to be a piece of cake! a) would b) was used to c) used to d) could The curtains caught fire when the child was carelessly playing with matches, but we .... a) could b) would c) could have d) were able to You'd better steer clear of her today. She . be really irritable when she has a headache. .... put it out by ourselves. a) may b) can c) could d) might . Come on! Stop moaning! We ...... hurry up or we'll be late for the plane. a) shall b) need c) have to d) must . Winter in our country ...... be quite cold, so take a warm jacket and some woollens. a) may b) could Cc) is able to d) can . He ...... be the owner of the newspaper, but it doesn’t mean that he can treat his employees like dirt. a) might b) may c) can d) could . As the film is no longer on at cinemas, we ...... as well watch it on DVD. a) may b) can c) could d) shall . The instruction says that we ...... write approximately 200 words on this topic. a) must b) shall c) can d) have to 14ll. Paraphrase the italicised fragments in the following sentences using modal verbs. No wonder the engine didn’t start. The tank was empty. Although | tried hard to retrieve the file from the hard drive, it was gone forever. It is necessary that convoys delivering humanitarian aid reached the famine-stricken area quickly. It is possible that he changed his name after leaving the country to avoid being recognised. Whenever you sign a contract, always read carefully the text in fine print in order not to accept unknowingly some unfavourable terms. (use Jest) Jonathan looks very tired. He surely had a hectic day at work. Ask the native inhabitants of the village. They will perhaps give you more accurate information than the guidebook. In my opinion the party is expected to win the election easily. I'd like to ask my boss for a pay rise, but I’m afraid to doit. (use dare)12. 13. 14, . The two girls spoke in undertones because they didn't want the boy to overhear what they were saying. (use so that) . It’s impossible that it was him that you saw at the cinema yesterday! He left the country a week ago! It's surprising that these city slickers are moving to live in the country after all the disapproving remarks they've made about life on the farm. ’m sure Brenda is watching her favourite sitcom because she isn't answering the phone. She simply doesn’t want anybody to disturb her. Ritchie didn’t want to sel/ his battered old Ford because he was very sentimental about it. . It’s typical of computer nerds to sit for hours on end in front of the screen crunching algorithms.Gerund or infinitive Put the verbs in brackets into —ing or infinitive form (bare infinitive or to-intinitive). 1, I'm afraid we can’t afford ...... .... (Duy) a New car. We have to save some more money and wait till next year. 2. Oh dear! | forgot She won't talk to me any more! 3. He advises me .. for the job interview, as the boss hates that colour. 4, I'm sure | sent that letter! | remember ...............::ccceesereees (put) itin the post box round the corner. 5. I think she is a great actress! | saw her ... play at the National Theatre last week. She held the audience spellbound. 6. As we were passing by our neighbours’ house, we heard Sam (rehearse) for the concert. 7. Now that he's got married, he considers ... (send) her a Christmas card! (not wear) my favourite pink shirt (act) ina to a bigger flat. 8. She was made ..... the boss threatened accept them. 9. Jack denied ... (rummage) around in her papers. He claimed that the mess was due to a wind’s blow. 10. I regret .... wanepccuansagaan (not go) with my friends to Ireland. They had such a wonderful time there! (accept) her new duties because (dismiss) her if she didn’t11. 19. 20. at. 22. 23. 24. 25. . He warned me .. . My dad encouraged me . The airline strives ... . Margaret can’t help .... God knows why | agreed ... 9 +» (look after) their little son while they were on holiday! Never in my life have | seen such a naughty kid! . If you don’t finish this project till the cnd of the weck, you risk (lose) the job. (not travel) in the mountains alone, as one might easily get lost. .. (try) again in spite of difficulties. . He probably still hasn't got the money to pay me back, and that’s why he avoids .... .. (meet) me. . The defendant offered a bribe, but the judge refused .. (take) it. (meet) the highest safety standards. (binge) on chocolate when she feels depressed. It's no use . oa to primary schools as hy simply can’t afford this. Derek is such a womaniser! He can’t resist ... up) all nice girls that he meets at work. The job involves We regret ... overdrawn. .. (try) to sell state-of-the-art computers .- (pick sssseeee+. (De) On call 24 hours a day. .. (inform) you that your account is The upset customer insisted on (speak) to the manager immediately. The policeman was accused of ... and was held in custody. The professor reminded the students ... the lecture 30 minutes earlier next week. .. (traffic in) drugs .. (come) to26. 27. 28. 29, 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. After several hours of interrogation the suspect eventually admitted .. (take) part in the bank robbery in Northampton last week. They don't allow vesees (eat) in the library, so you'd better put your sandwich back in your bag. You shouldn’t hesitate about .... .. (buy) this dress. You really look stunning in it. | didn’t dare ... personal. Tony suggested ....... .. (invite) more people to the party. He thinks that then more people there are, the more fun we may have. I didn’t mean .... - (ask) her this question. It was too (offend) you, | didn’t know that such music really appealed to you. Now | feel deeply apologetic. If you suffer from insomnia, and sleeping pills don’t help you, try ... (drink) a glass of milk before going to bed. Believe me, it really helped in my case! Excuse me, | don’t speak English well. Can you help me s+ (fill) in this form? He saw the fear in my eyes and hastened . (add) that | won't have to work on the project alone, but I'll have an assistant to help me. I'm afraid we will have to postpone ... a our house for some time because at this moment we have more urgent .. (renovate) expenses. The writer was forced into exile two years ago, and in every interview he gives, he says how much he longs .... .. (see) his family. He bribed one of the customs officers .... .. (smuggle) a crate of wine. 1938. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44, 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. Doctor Jenkins, | do appreciate your .... here at such a short notice. In my opinion you should forbid your son . (go) to parties for the next three months after his outrageous behaviour at the last party. That should teach him a lesson! As Sheila had missed several consecutive classes in algebra, she dreaded ... .... (meet) the teacher, who was known for being strict. Our company has been trying really hard to meet the deadline of October 5", but unfortunately we have failed . (deliver) on time the last five packaging machines. There’s no point in .. ... (repair) this banger. You'd better sell it for scrap. At the university meeting, the professor first discussed the items on the agenda and went on -- (outline) the most important issues at the linguistic conference that he had just come back from. ''m afraid this draft really needs ... «++. (revise). There is a considerate number of content-related errors. Look at his sad wrinkled face. He seems .... (endure) a lot of hardship in his life. Having spent the whole life in a tiny village, Gina couldn’t imagine (move) to one of the biggest cities in the country. Do you fancy ..... session? Although he is a prominent political figure, he doesn’t mind ... (go) for a drink after the training .+. (meet) ordinary people. If you want to boost your sales, it may be worth ... (put) an advertisement in the local newspaper. lf | were him, | wouldn't waste time managerial position with such mediocre qualifications. . (apply) fora 20Phrasal verbs Rewrite the follawing sentences replacing the underlined expressions with the correct phrasal verbs in the right forms. In each sentence you are given part of the phrasal verb in boldface. She is always criticising her neighbours behind their backs. RUN He promised thal he would come to help me, but he disappyinted me and didn’t turn up. DOWN He pretended that he was not a Scotsman, but his accent betrayed him. AWAY | wanted to get the job, but they rejected my application because | didn’t know German well enough. TURN They tried to deceive me, but! discovered their true intentions and realised that they wanted to rob me of my money. THROUGH Tom quarrelled with his boss and a couple of days later he was given the sack. FELL | can’t bear the noise of my neighbour's lawn mower. It always wakes me up in the morning. | PUT 2111. 12. 13. . Before you go to your boss to ask for a pay rise, write down quickly the At first we didn’t like our new teacher but when we got to know him better, we started to like him. TAKE Patti resembles her mother in so many respects. For example, she is as stubborn and as garrulous as her mother. AFTER points that you want to make to support your case. DOWN You should persuade your brother-in-law to sucha bargain. TALK Being full of admiration for her as a singer, | rushed to buy a ticket for her concert, the moment | heard she was coming to Poland. However, her performance was far from what | had expected. Now, | can say | much prefer listening to her CDs to going to her concerts. COME The American Civil War between the North and the South started in 1861 and was won by the Union in 1865, when General Robert E. Lee and his army were forced to surrender at Appomattox in Virginia. BREAK . Pm terribly sorry, | didn’t have time to give you a hand with all the preparations for the party. Please, let me help you with the cleaning when the party finishes, so that | can compensate for it. UP 221 a . The deal didn't come to completion because the company didn’t agree to the terms of payment that we proposed. THROUGH 16. When | organise a party it’s always the same. Everything seems to go according to plan, but at the last minute some problems appear unexpectedly and spoil everything. CROP 17. The Turners arranged to get a mortgage from a building society to buy this house and now their biggest concern is how to pay it off. OUT . Terry is a weird bloke. His behaviour is so baffling and his ideas seem to be so contradictory that I've given up hope of understanding him. MAKE 19. The very sight of the restaurant with its shabby interior repelled me. | wasn't starving to eat in a place like that. OFF When | was shopping in the new mall | met Andrew accidentally. 20. | thought he was still on a scholarship in Frankfurt. INTO 21. At the last session the municipal authorities resolved to demolish the abandoned tenement buildings at Crocket Street. |. DOWN 22. When the flood subsided, we could see clearly that half of the town was destroyed completely. WIPE 2323. 24. 25. 26. 24. 28. 29. 30. He is just a budding playwright, but he has already his own theatre company and they are performing a play in our city next week. ON Unfortunately, there are still a lot of instances of xenophobia in the world and people of different origins are often despised in both their professional and their private lives. LOOK Being the sole heir, Daniel inherited his grandmother's vast estate after her death. INTO Thousands of people employed in the steel industry in Poland have been dismissed because some orders have dried up. LAY If | hadn’t been delayed by the traffic in the city centre, | would've arrived on time for the meeting. UP The price was exorbitant! I’m afraid the advertising agency really overcharged you for the commercial. RIP It goes without saying that James has brilliant acting abilities. Have you seen him imitating the Prime Minister? That was side-splitting, | tell you! OFF The legal advisors of the two companies met to prepare the initial version of the partnership contract. UP 24ll. Complete the sentences with the word which best fits each space. The testimony given by the defendant in court didn’t The person contradicted himself on several points. Amake Badd C prove Djoin 2. The doctor's diagnosis is that the patient's neurosis has been brought cecutteeesesseee by frequent overwork. Aon Boff Cin Dout 3. There are still some occurrences of strange behaviour among monkeys that biologists find difficult to .... Arun B account C stand Dreason «. for. 4. Calculating the time of your journey to Prague, you will have to peeurermmeenrecen for the possible stops on the way, for example to refuel your car or have some meals. Awatch B settle Callow D break 5. Whenever there is a climate change | suffer from a thumping headache. However, as soon as | take a painkiller, the headache starts to sees OTF Aleave B take C wear 6. You can go and buy the tickets for us and I'll see luggage until you get back. Aover B about C around Dto 7. Mr Thomson, can | take tomorrow afternoon off because my fiancée is leaving Poland for a couple of months and I'd like to . her off? Awalk B drive C see D send 2510. 10. 11. 12. 15. The Great Depression set following the huge and sudden fall of share prices on the US Stock Exchange in October 1929. A forth Boff C down Din Everyone was .... .. over by his decision to quit a well-paid job and move over to the countryside. Ataken B thrown C struck D bowled Ladies and gentlemen, now I'd like us to discuss the proposal that Ms ... during the last meeting. Ridley put A across Bin C forward Dout When the journalist asked her a question in front of many cameras she didn’t utter a word. We all ... her reaction down to stress. Aput B laid C took D turned When the leader of the expedition to the Arctic Circle offered to take him there, he ... -+.. at the chance. A called B jumped C got D came . When the professor advanced his theory at a medical conference a couple of years ago, everyone was sceptical about its validity. However, the latest research has .........6eee it out. Aborne B carried C stood D cleared After the car accident she was in a coma for the whole week but her mother didn’t lose hope that one day her daughter would .. round. Abe B bring C come Dgo My teenage son kept begging me to buy him the latest version of this. computer game and | finally gave ... Aout B away C over Din 2616. a 18. 19. 20. | hope the con artist will not get with the insurance swindle and will receive a proper punishment. Aaway Boff C over Dout In this book the film director shares the fun he’s had in making films and lets the reader in . some of the secrets of his success. Ato Bon C through Dfor Students with a high enough grade point average are eligible to seeeeee in for the Fulbright Scholarship. Ago Blet C stand D put Being the world champions they weren't going to .... + fora draw with a team from the Third Division. Asettle B fall Clet D call As for now, foreigners .... . up only a small proportion of the student community in our college. Ahold B fill C take D make 2749. perspective/prospective a. The shop assistant should always be nice and polite to .. buyers. b. The book Is written from the black person in a white community. . of an oppressed 50. canvas/canvass a. Candy usually works with oil paints ona .... b. Before elections members of each political party ... people from the local area. e These shoes are made of . Word formation Complete each sentence with a word made from the word in capital letters. 1. When the foreign powers attacked the town they faced strong : oe RESIST 2. You can't tell anybody about what you hear from me. This is a strictly piece of information. CONFIDENCE 3. Tedis still a(n) ... worker. This is his first job. and he’s been working in our company for only a month. EXPERIENCE 4. Betty isso... ..-. | She wants to have everything immediately and hates waiting. She can really be a pain in the neck! PATIENCE 505. In spite of the effort they've put into the work, the results are still SATISFACTION 6. Jessica's father is extremely . of his daughter's boyfriends. He fears that they may be after her money. SUSPECT 7. This book describes the ... MARTYR 8. She told me that she loved him so much that she was ready to marry a APPROVE oe of the expedition convinced him to invest his money in it. SIGNIFY 10. When left on their own the kids are often up to some mischief. They can of many saints. him even without her parents’ ... be really . , SO you'd better watch them! TROUBLE 11. She was in a coma for two months, and we thought she would never regain .... CONSCIOUS «+. fee in this sailing club is very high, and { can’t afford it now. MEMBER 13. While being a boss of the company he conducted a lot of me ... transactions. LEGAL 14. Itis highly ... of you to accept the job and then drop it after a few weeks. RESPONSE behaviour to teachers is commonplace in many schools nowadays. RESPECT 16. There is a wide .... .... of stores in this shopping mall, from perfumeries to shops with sports equipment. VARY 17. Her failure to take any precautionary measures was described as an instance of gross NEGLECT to this music magazine. 18. I've taken outa .. SUBSCRIBE 5120. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 22. 28. 29. 30. ... More and more people are enrolling in foreign language courses. INCREASE Steven Spielberg's latest film is really . ..! The plot is spellbinding! REMARK The candidate’s way of getting voters on his side is — . He's exploiting the people's emotions. CONTEMPT I'm sorry but the model is currently ......:cccccesscscsseseeseeeeeee ..We should obtain it next week. AVAILABLE The crisis is . There's nothing we can do to prevent it. AVOID The manager thinks that the best solution at the moment is to go into a .. with the other company. PARTNER Before | donate money to this charity, | must be sure that it is awe ... organisation. PROFIT If | were you, | wouldn't trust her. She’s known to be a very .. person and often breaks her promises. RELY The spokesperson stated that there won't be any major social reforms in the ... .. future. SEE You'd better not approach her with that request of yours at the moment. She’s exhausted after the whole day's work and may be quite wae : IRRITATE | know his behaviour may seem inexcusable at times, but believe me he INTEND has good ......... At the back of the book you'll find some . notes, which may help you to grasp some of the author's ideas. EXPLAIN 523t. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. The appearance of a large pit in the field over the night is . . Nobody has any clue who or what may EXPLAIN When the police entered the barn, they found some materials stored there. EXPLODE Prof. Stanley is studying the frequent ... violent storms in the area. OCCUR My grandpa has an almost .... memory. He remembers the events of World War Il in detail. FALL Today people all over the world light candles in have done it. - Of «++. Of the victims of the terrorist attack of 11" September. REMEMBER You shouldn't ... ... Charles. He’s really a very skilful and efficient worker. ESTIMATE In my opinion, the film is a bit I've seen it and it’s not so good, besides the cast is badly chosen. RATE When Sheila told Peter about her problem, he listened . , and then offered to help her. SYMPATHY in the review. The meeting is held to make it possible for the employees to air their GRIEF ... that it’s easier to A lot of people make an achieve success in highly developed countries. ASSUME In many Western countries there's a .... . of nurses, and they’re looking for nurses from other countries. SHORT When Rachel visited the district, she was struck by «+. Of its inhabitants. AFFLUENT «+++. Of this successful actor surprised everybody. He didn’t boast about his achievements as other film stars do. MODEST 5344. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. St. 52. 53. 54, 58. 56. 57. 58. The doctor told James that . «+. Of stress was indispensable if he wanted his health to improve. AVOID The war seemed to be ... . We thought it would never finish. - END Ralph is a musician, and he a freelance music journalist. ADD She's a very . to change her mind. FLEXIBLE The clinic takes care of people with severe physical ABLE works as .. person and is always unwilling Many stray cats are a skinny and sick. PITY The politician argued for the system of taxation. RETAIN This remote mountain village is almost ... winter, as there’s so much snow. ACCESS Practising sport is gives strength to the body. BENEFIT She’s been charged with tax . EVADE When he was asked about the party's approach to the problem of answers. .. sight, they're so . of the old .. to one’s health because it unemployment, he gave some EVADE The company's annual ... has increased in comparison with the last year, and now it's around £ 4 million. TURN The news of the .... around the globe. BREAK He refused to comply with the government's rules and regulations, and OBEY .. of war terrified people all as a result was tried for civil .... Governments make laws, and the police should .. them. FORCE 5466. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73, . We haven't yet received the ... . The dancer charmed everybody with her .... . With its weak army the country was . . | was so .... . The man was found guilty of robbery and sentenced to five years PRISON reservation. CONFIRM movements. GRACE Therefore, it became an easy target for its neighbour. DEFENCE .. with thoughts that | didn’t notice when Eric came in, OCCUPY «++ fee to the exhibition is rather exorbitant. in expelling the boy from school. He didn’t do anything wrong. JUST There’re still examples of racial ... People can’t understand that we're ail equal. JUST .. in the world. We will .. . you of our decision at the end of the week. NOTE When I was at primary school, we often had to a poem as our homework. MEMORY | don’t know him well, I've met him just a couple of times. He’s only my not my friend. ACQUAINT some money from my bank account. DRAW In Africa there still live many tribes that are ................ ccs eee by civilisation. CORRUPT They don't want to accept the banknote in any shop, explaining that it’s FORGE @ we Because of a fire hazard it is ..+. to walk in forests when it’s dry. ADVISE 5574. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. . 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. Nowadays, ... many people can afford holidays abroad. COMPARE At the ceremony she admitted that she would never have written the book without the .... COURAGE It was quite people when she knew that Karen’s husband was an Englishman. SENSE She finds it hard to confront escapes to the world of her dreams. REAL The boxer defeats his opponents so .... nobody wants to fight with him. EFFORT Laura's date with Jim turned out to be Their conversation was heavy going, and Laura went home a after an hour. DISASTER of her parents. . of Jenny to criticise English and often .. that {'m going in the same direction today, so I can give you a lift. COINCIDENCE The Thomsons live in a large house with a beautiful and ..... living-room, perfect for the many guests they invite for parties. SPACE He tried to convince the jury that the him were false. ACCUSE against It was really .. of Sarah to phone and ask about his health. THOUGHT She is so .. | She finds it difficult to make up her mind even when she chooses something to drink. DECISION What the politician is saying now is seauseves WILY the statements he made a week ago. So how can we trust him? CONSIST | think it’s sheer .. ... to talk about family values when you're having an affair yourself. HYPOCRITE 5691. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 100. ‘fy you're too . Alot of Catholics agree that euthanasia is .... MORAL . We warn drivers to be careful as roads are very SLIP ). Last night th the 16 Rolling Stones gave an excellent ., just as always! PERFORM ). Rick doesn’t want to live in this town. He finds it .. with its many factories and a lack of green places. ATTRACT It's whether they will finish the road repairs soon. They're working very slowly. DOUBT How can you be so to the plight of the people affected by the floods? One day it may happen to you, and you may need help. DIFFERENCE Every nation has a .... .... Moment in its history that the people would rather forget about. SHAME The Times is one of the most popular .. newspapers in England. DAY The high rate of unemployment creates in many graduates deep feelings of .. SECURE Many celebrities show extreme .... journalists. RELUCTANT The. They were celebrating the ABOLISH A visit to the dentist is to many people quite a .. experience. AGREE .+, your boss may never respect -. to talk to of MPs were against the bill. MAJOR .. of slavery. you. SUBMIT 57Definite, indefinite and zero articles 1. The,-,- 2.The 3,the,- 4.- 5. The, the 6.A 7. The, the, the, the 8a 9.a,- 10.a,the 11.A,an 12.the 13.a,the 14.an 15.- 16.The,a,- 17.a 18. the, the 19. the, the 20.-,the 21.A,an,- 22.the,a 23.the,-,- 24. The, - 25.a,the 26.The,a 27. The,an 28.-/the,a 29. the, -,a,the, the, an 30. the, the/- 31. the 32. the, the, the,a 33.a 34. a, the, the, a, -, -, an, the, the, the, the 35.- 36.a,-,- 37. the, the, the 38. the 39. The, the, the/-,the,- 40. the, the 41. An, a, the 42. The, the, the 43.an,the,a 44.the,the 45.-,- 46.-,- 47.-, -, The, an,a 48. the, -,the 49. the, -, the 50. The, the, -, - Modal verbs ib 2a 3c 4b 5a 6c 7e 8c od 10b tid 12d 13b 4a 15d Il. 1, wouldn't start 2. Tryas I might 3. should reach 4. He may / might / could have changed 5. lest you should accept 6. He must have had 7. may / might / could give 8. should win 9. daren't do / don’t dare to do 10. so that the boy shouldn't overhear 11 Itcan't/couldn'thave been 12. should be moving 13. must be watching 14. couldn't have sold / wouldn't sell 15. computer nerds will sit Gerund or infinitive 4.tobuy 2.tosend 3.nottowear 4. putting 5. act 6. rehearsing 7. moving 8. to accept, to dismiss 9. rummaging/having rummaged 10. not going/not having gone 11. to look after 12. losing 13.notto travel 14.totry 15.meeting 16. to take 17.tomeet 18. binging 19. trying 20. picking up 21. being 22. to inform 23. speaking 24. tratticking/having trafficked 2b. to come 26. (to) taking part/(to) having taken 27. eating 28. buying 29. toask/ask 30. inviting 31. to offend 32. drinking 33. (to) fill 34. to add 35. renovating 36. to see 37. to smuggle 38.coming 39.togo 40. meeting 41. to deliver 42. repairing 43. to outline 44. revising/to be revised 45. tohave endured 46. moving 47. going 48. meeting 49. putting 50. applying 106Phrasal Verbs I 1, She is always running down her neighbours behind their backs. 2. He promised that he would come to help me, but he let me down and didn't turn up. 3. He pretended that he was not a Scotsman, but his accent gave him away. 4. | wanted to get the job, but they turned down my application ... 5. They tried to deceive me, but | saw through their true intentions ... 6. Tom fell out with his boss and a couple of days later he was given the sack. 7. | can't put up with the noise of my neighbour's lawn mower. 8. ... but when we got to know him better, we took to him: 9. Patti takes after her mother in so many respects. 10. Before you go to your boss to ask for a pay rise, jot down the points ... 11. You should talk your brother-in-law into buying this car... 12, However, her performance didn't come up to my expectations. 13. The American Civil War between the North and the South broke out in 1861 14, ... so that | can make up for it. 15. The deal fell through because the company didn't agree to the terms of payment 16. ... but at the last minute some problems crop up 17. The Tumers took out a mortgage from a building society to buy this house ... 18. ... that I've given up hope of making him out. 19. The very sight of the restaurant with its shabby interior put me off. 20. When | was shopping in the new mall | ran into Andrew. 21. ... the municipal authorities resolved to pull down the abandoned tenement buildings ... 22. When the flood subsided, we could see clearly that half of the town was wiped out. 23, ... and they are putting on a play in our city next week. 24, are often looked down on in both their professional and their private lives. 25. Being the sole heir, Daniel came into his grandmother's vast estate ... 26. Thousands of people employed in the steel industry in Poland have been laid off 10727. | hadn't been held up by the traffic in the city centre ... 28. I'm afraid the advertising agency really ripped you off for the commercial. 29. Have you seen him taking off the Prime Minister? 30. The legal advisors of the two companies met to draw up the initial version ... I 1.b 2a 3.b 4.¢ 5.c¢ 6d 7c &d 9d 10.c 11a 12.b 13.a 14.¢ 15.d 16.a 17.b 18d 19a 20.d Prepositions 1.in 2.in 3.for 4. with / at, about / over, to/ towards 5. of 6. about 7. of 8.on/in 9.for, of 10.for 11.in,of 12. by 13.under 14. For, under 15.of, from 16. into, on, of 17.in 18.with 19, with 20.to21,from 22. for 23. for, in 24. 0n 25. for/in, with 26. at 27. in 28. into 29.t0 30.to 31. over, within 32. in, with/to 33.0n 34. at,of 35. in, to 36.in 937. by, of 38.in 39. with 40.0n 41. in 42. in, of 43. of 44. with 45. for 46. for 47. outof 48. against, for, of 49. at 50. by Similar but different: confused words 1. a. sensitive b.sensible c. sensitive 2. a. treated b. treated, cured c. cure 3. a. disinterested b. uninterested c. uninterested 4. a. imminent b. eminent 5. a. complements/complemented b. compliment c. complement 6. a. stationery b. stationary c. stationary 7.a.raises b. raise c.has risen d. rose e. raising 8.a.discreet b. discrete c. discrete d, discreet 9.a.told b. told c. say d. tell e. telling 10.a.do b.makes c.make d.do e.has done/did f.make g.make 11.a.hung b.hanged c.hung d.hanged 12.a.misuse b. misused c. disused d. disused @. misused 13. a. historical b. historic. historic d. historical 14. a. councillor b. counsellor 15. a. envious/jealous b. jealous ible c. envious/jealous 16. a. negligent b. negligent c. negligible d. negli 10817. a. assure b. insure c. insured d.ensure e. reassure f, ensured g. assured 18.a. consists, comprises/includes b. compose c. comprise d.composed 19. a. sight b. cite c.site d.site 20. a. economical b. economic c. economical d. economic 21. a. farther/further b. further c. farther/further 22. a.lost b.lose c. lost, loose 23. a. effective b. effective c. efficient d. efficient 24. a. prudish b. prudent c. prudent 25. a. classic _b. classic c.classical 26.a.beside b. besides c. Besides d. besides 27. a. eligible b. illegible c. eligible 28.a. invaluable b. worthless c. worthless 29. a. non- flammable b. inflammable 30. a. blinked b. winked c. blinking 31. a. policies hb. politics c. politics d_ policy 32.a. amenities b. facilities c. facilities 33.a, morale b. morals ¢. morale 34. a. industrious. Industrial _c. industrial 35. a. stimulus b. stimulant c. stimulus 36. a. glance b. glimpse c. glance 37.a.laid b.lay c.lain d.laid e.lay 38.a.effect b. affects 39. a. illegible b. unreadable 40.a. access b. excess c. access 41. a. prosecuted b.persecuted c. prosecute d. persecuted 42. a. vain b. vain c. veins 43.a.human b.humane c.humane d.human 44. a. preceded b. precede c. proceeded d. proceed 45. a. Gorillas b. guerrilla 46. .a, heroine b. heroin c.heroine 47. a. prayed b. prey c. prey 48.a. urban b. urbane 49, a. prospective b. perspective 50. a. canvas b. canvass c. canvas Word formation 1. resistance 2. confidential 3. inexperienced 4. impatient 5. unsatisfactory 6. suspicious 7. martyrdom 8. approval 9. significance 10. troublesome 11. consciousness 12. membership 13. illegal 14. irresponsible 15. disrespectful 16. variety 17. negligence 18. subscription 19. Increasingly 20. remarkable 21. contemptible 22. unavailable 23. unavoidable 24. partnership 25. non-profit 26. unreliable 27. foreseeable 28. irritable 29. intentions 30. explanatory 31. inexplicable/unexplained 32. explosive 33, occurrences 34. infallible 35. remembrance 36. underestimate 87. overrated 38. sympathetically 39. grievances 40. assumption 41. shortage 42. affluence 43.modesty 44. avoidance 45. endless 46. additionally 1094 5 57. disobedience 58. enforce 59. imprisonment 60. confirmation 61. graceful 62. defenceless 63. preoccupied 64. admission 65. unjust 66. injustice 67. notify 68.memorise 69. acquaintance 70. withdraw 7 75. encouragement 76. insensitive 77. reality 78. effortlessly 79. disastrous x inflexible 48. disabilities 49. pitiful 50. retention 51. inaccessible beneficial 53. evasion 54. evasive 55. turnover 56. outbreak & -uncorrupted .72 forgery 73. inadvisable 74. comparatively 80. coincidentally 81. spacious 82. accusations 83. thoughtful 84. indecisive 85. inconsistent 86. hypocrisy 87. immoral 88. slippery 89. performance 90. unattractive 91. doubtful 92. indifferent 93. shameful 94. daily 95. insecurity 96. reluctance 97. majority 98. abolition 99. disagreeable 100. submissive Collocations and Idioms 1c 2b 3d 4a 5.a 6b 7.¢ Bd Ge Wc 11.¢ 12.b 13a 14.6 15.d 16.d 17.a 18.c¢ 19.b 20.a 21.c 22.d 23.c 24.b 25.a 26.d 27.b 28.d 29.c 30.d 31.a 32.a 33.b 34.a 35.b 36.d 37.a 38.b 39.c 40.c 41.d 42.b 43.c 44.c 45.a 46.b 47.c 48.a 49b 50.c Compounds Noun + noun 1.1} windscreen, 2k eyewitness, 3i willpower, 4n chain-smoker, 51 hay fever,6.0 man-hour,7a unemployment benefit, 8c self-esteem, 9b spotlight, 10g bookends, 11m mouthpiece, 121 firearms, 13d flowchart, 14h windfall, 15e eyesore Il. 1. eyesore 2. self-esteem 3. firearms 4, spotlight 5. windfall 6. man-hours 7. eyewitness 8. willpower 9. unemployment benefit 10. hay fever 11. chain- smoker 12. windscreen 13. flow chart 14. mouthpiece 15. bookends 110Adjective + noun 11k hard shoulder, 2j parting shot, 3a nervous breakdown, 4 wet blanket, 5n_ stuffed shirt, 6h hard labour, 7 formative years, 81 thorough grounding, 9c general public, 10m prime suspect, 11g graphic detail, 12d burning question, 13 necessary evil, 140 rough diamond, 15e quicksand Ul. 1. nervous breakdown 2. hard shoulder 3. general public 4. prime suspect 5.wet blanket 6. graphic detail 7. necessary evil 8, formative years 9. quicksand 10. thorough grounding 11. burning question 12. stuffed shirts 13, hard labour 14, rough diamond 15. parting siiot Adjective + adjective 11g big-headed, 21 wide awake, 3/ ill-tempered, 4h bittersweet, 5 b nuclear-powered, 6m hard-hearted, 7a blue-eyed, 8d bad-mannered, 9k fast asleep, 10¢ warm-hearted, 111n flat broke, 120 illkequipped, 13 long-lasting, 14¢ far-reaching, 15} quick-witted Il, 1. bittersweet 2. big-headed 3. far-reaching 4. bad-mannered 5. quick-witted 6. hard-hearted 7. ill-tempered 8. warm-hearted 9. long-lasting 10. nuclear-powered 11. fast asleep 12. blue-eyed 13. flat broke 14. ill-equipped 15. wide awake Punctuation Practice 1. Betty entered the room, looked at us with surprise, shouted loudly(,) and fainted. Antonio Bradi, 25, has been in coma for several weeks now. correct Certain products, e.g. eggs, rolls, oranges are often bought in dozens. correct ear eR Itis true that the price is extremely low. However, we are more concerned with the quality of the product. 11