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15 - Oscillations

This document contains 34 multiple choice questions testing knowledge of oscillatory motion and simple harmonic motion. The questions cover topics such as the conditions required for simple harmonic motion, the characteristics of motion including velocity, acceleration and energy at different points in the oscillation cycle, how changing different parameters like mass, spring constant or amplitude affects the motion, and applications involving pendulums and swinging objects.

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Mohamed
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118 views

15 - Oscillations

This document contains 34 multiple choice questions testing knowledge of oscillatory motion and simple harmonic motion. The questions cover topics such as the conditions required for simple harmonic motion, the characteristics of motion including velocity, acceleration and energy at different points in the oscillation cycle, how changing different parameters like mass, spring constant or amplitude affects the motion, and applications involving pendulums and swinging objects.

Uploaded by

Mohamed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Q1) An object can oscillate around

1) any equilibrium point.


2) any stable equilibrium point.
3) certain stable equilibrium points.
4) any point, provided the forces exerted on it obey Hookes law.
5) any point.

Q2) Which of the following is necessary to make an object


oscillate?
a) a stable equilibrium

b) little or no friction

c) a disturbance

1) a only
2) b only
3) c only
4) a and c
5) all three

Q3) In simple harmonic motion:


1) the velocity is greatest at the maximum displacement
2) the period depends on the amplitude
3) the acceleration is constant
4) the acceleration is greatest at zero displacement
5) none of the above

Q4) In SHM, the magnitude of the acceleration is:


1) constant
2) proportional to the displacement
3) inversely proportional to the displacement
4) greatest when the velocity is greatest
5) never greater than g

Q5) Which one of the following statements is true concerning an


object executing simple harmonic motion?
1) Its velocity is never zero.
2) Its acceleration is never zero.
3) Its velocity and acceleration are simultaneously zero.
4) Its velocity is zero when its acceleration is a maximum.
5) Its maximum acceleration is equal to its maximum velocity.

Q6) If your heart is beating at 76 beats per minute, what


is the period of your heart?
1) 1.3 10-2 s
2) 2.2 10-4 s
3) 76 s
4) 4560 s
5) none of the above

Q7) The period of a mass attached to a horizontal spring is


T=1.0 s. If the mass is pulled a distance x = A and released
from rest, how long does it take the mass to first reach its
maximum speed?
1) 0.25 s
2) 0.50 s
3) 0.75 s
4) 1.0 s
Q8) A particle moves back and forth along the x axis from
x = -xm to x = + xm, in simple harmonic motion with period T. At
time t = 0 it is at x = +xm. When t = 0.75T:
1) it is at x = 0 and is traveling toward x = +xm
2) it is at x = 0 and is traveling toward x = -xm
3) it at x = +xm and is at rest
4) it is between x = 0 and x = +xm and is traveling toward x = - xm
5) it is between x = 0 and x = -xm and is traveling toward x = -xm
Q9) A block attached to a spring oscillates in simple harmonic
motion along the x axis. The limits of its motion are x = 10 cm and
x = 50 cm and it goes from one of these extremes to the other in
0.25 s. Its amplitude and frequency are:
1) 40 cm, 2Hz
2) 20 cm, 4Hz
3) 40cm, 2Hz
4) 25 cm, 4Hz
5) 20 cm, 2Hz

Q10) Give a particle of mass, m, that feels a restoring force, -kx,


which of the following equations describes the motion of the
particle?
r
r dp
1) kx
dt

r
dv
r
2) kx m
dt

4) None of these.

5) All of these.

r
d x
r
3) kx m 2
dt

Q11) What is the maximum value of the velocity v when


x A cost ?
1)
2) t
3) 2t
4) A
5) A

Q12) The acceleration of a simple harmonic oscillator is


given by a = -(15.8 m/s2) cos[(2.51 m/s) t]. What is the
amplitude of the simple harmonic oscillator?
1) 2.51 m
2) 4.41 m
3) 6.30 m
4) 11.1 m
5) 15.8 m

Q13) A mass on a spring oscillates with a certain amplitude and a


certain period T. If the mass is doubled, the spring constant of the
spring is doubled, and the amplitude of motion is doubled, the
period ..
1) increases
2) decreases
3) stays the same.

Q14) The graph below represents the oscillatory motion of three


different springs with identical masses attached to each. Which of
these springs has the smallest spring constant?
1) Graph 1
2) Graph 2
3) Graph 3
4) Both 2 and 3 are smallest and equal
5) All 3 have the same spring constant.

Q15) The position of a mass on a spring


as a function of time is shown below.
At the time corresponding to point P,

1) v < 0 and a > 0


2) v > 0 and a > 0
3) v < 0 and a < 0
4) The velocity v > 0 and acceleration a < 0

Q16) A mass suspended from a spring is oscillating up and down as


indicated. Consider two possibilities:
(i) at some point during the oscillation the mass has zero velocity but is
accelerating (positively or negatively); (ii) at some point during the
oscillation the mass has zero velocity and zero acceleration.
1) Both occur sometime during the oscillation.
2) Neither occurs during the oscillation.
3) Only (i) occurs.
4) Only (ii) occurs.

Q17) A particle is in simple harmonic motion along the x axis. The


amplitude of the motion is xm. At one point in its motion its kinetic energy
is K = 5 J and its potential energy (measured with U = 0 at x = 0) is U =
3J. When it is at x = xm, the kinetic and potential energies are:
1) K = 5J and U = 3J
2) K = 5J and U = -3 J
3) K = 8J and U = 0
4) K = 0 and U = 8J
5) K = 0 and U = -8 J

Q18) A particle is in simple harmonic motion along the x axis. The


amplitude of the motion is xm. When it is at x = x1, its kinetic energy is K =
2 J and its potential energy (measured with U = 0 at x = 0) is U = 8 J.
When it is at x = - xm, the kinetic and potential energies are:
1) K = 6 J and U = 4 J
2) K = 6 J and U = -4 J
3) K = 8 J and U = 2 J
4) K = 8 J and U = -2 J
5) none of the above

Q19) An object hangs motionless from a spring. When the object is


pulled down, the sum of the elastic potential energy of the spring
and the gravitational potential energy of the object and Earth.
1) increases.
2) stays the same.
3) decreases.

Q20) A 0.25-kg block oscillates on the end of the spring with a


spring constant of 200 N/m. If the oscillation is started by elongating
the spring 0.15 m and giving the block a speed of 3.0 m/s, then the
maximum speed of the block is:
1) 0.13 m/s
2) 0.18 m/s
3) 3.7 m/s
4) 5.2 m/s
5) 13 m/s

Q21) Object A is attached to ideal spring A and is moving in simple


harmonic motion. Object B is attached to ideal spring B and is moving in
simple harmonic motion. The period and the amplitude of object B are
both two times the corresponding values for object A. How do the
maximum speeds of the two objects compare?
1) The maximum speed of A is one fourth that of object B.
2) The maximum speed of A is one half that of object B.
3) The maximum speed of A is the same as that of object B.
4) The maximum speed of A is two times that of object B.
5) The maximum speed of A is four times that of object B.

Q22) A mass on a spring as shown has amplitude A. If A is


doubled, the maximum velocity is
1) doubled.
2) quadrupled.
3) the same.
4) halved.
5) 1/4 as much.

Q23) A mass on a spring has amplitude A and period T. What is


the total distance traveled by the mass after a time interval T?
1) zero
2) A/2
3) A
4) 2A
5) 4A

Q24) A mass on a spring has amplitude A and period T. At what


point in the motion are v = 0 and a = 0 simultaneously?
1) x = A
2) x > 0 but x < A
3) x = 0
4) x < 0
5) none of the above

Q25) Your beautiful antique grandfather clock is gaining time (it is


running too fast). To fix it, you could...
1) Use a file to shorten the pendulum
2) Hang something off the bottom to lengthen the pendulum
3) Use a file to scrape some mass off the sides of the pendulum
4) None of these things could possibly help.

Q26) In the figure below, the block has a kinetic energy of 3 J and
the spring has an elastic potential energy of 2 J when the block is at
x = +2.0 cm. What are the elastic potential energies when the block
is at x = -xm?
1) 5.0 J
2) 0 J
3) 2 J
4) 3 J
5) 5 J

Q27) The frequency of a simple pendulum depends on


1) its mass.
2) its length.
3) the acceleration due to gravity.
4) all of these
5) two of these

Q28) A simple pendulum on earth has a period of 6.0 s. What is the


approximate period of this pendulum on the moon where the
acceleration due to gravity is roughly 1/6 that of earth?
1) 1.0 s
2) 2.4 s
3) 6.0 s
4) 15 s
5) 36 s

Q29) Astronauts take a pendulum to the moon and set it in motion.


They measure the period of the motion and compare it to that
measured on earth. What do they find?
1) The period is larger on the moon
2) The period is the same on the moon
3) The period is shorter on the moon
4) not enough information to tell.

Q30) The force on a pendulum mass is mg,


pointing down. Therefore, the tangential
component of the force, FT, is:

1) mg cos
2) mg sin
3) mg tan
4) none of the above

FT

mg

Q31) A simple pendulum of length L and mass M has


frequency f. To increase its frequency to 2f:
1) increase its length to 4L
2) increase its length to 2L
3) decrease its length to L/2
4) decrease its length to L/4
5) decrease its mass to M/4

Q32) A kid is swinging on a swing with a period T. A second kid


climbs on with the first, doubling the weight on the swing. The
period of the swing is now...
1) the same, T
4) T / 2

2) 2T
5) None of these

3)

2T

Q33) A person swings on a swing. When the person sits still, the
swing oscillates back and forth at its natural frequency. If, instead,
the person stands on the swing, the natural frequency of the swing
is..
1) greater.
2) the same.
3) smaller.

Q34) Suppose a simple pendulum is suspended in an elevator.


When the elevator is accelerating upward, the frequency of the
pendulum
1) increases.
2) decreases.
3) doesn't change.

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