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Experiment # 1 Introduction To Breadboard, DMM and Color Coding

Breadboards allow components to be connected temporarily for testing circuits. A breadboard has rows of metal contacts underneath that connect the holes on top in vertical or horizontal rows, forming nodes to join component legs. Digital multimeters (DMMs) measure voltage, current, and resistance using color-coded terminals. Resistor color bands encode the resistance value and tolerance, with the first two bands giving the first two digits and the third band indicating zeros as a power of ten.

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488 views

Experiment # 1 Introduction To Breadboard, DMM and Color Coding

Breadboards allow components to be connected temporarily for testing circuits. A breadboard has rows of metal contacts underneath that connect the holes on top in vertical or horizontal rows, forming nodes to join component legs. Digital multimeters (DMMs) measure voltage, current, and resistance using color-coded terminals. Resistor color bands encode the resistance value and tolerance, with the first two bands giving the first two digits and the third band indicating zeros as a power of ten.

Uploaded by

tahir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment # 1

Introduction to breadboard, DMM and


color coding
Discussion:
Breadboard:
A breadboard is used to build and test circuits quickly before finalizing any circuit design. The
breadboard has many holes into which circuit components like ICs and resistors can be inserted. A
typical breadboard is shown below:

The bread board has strips of metal which run underneath the board and connect the holes on the top
of the board. The metal strips are laid out as shown below. Note that the top and bottom rows of holes
are connected horizontally while the remaining holes are connected vertically.
To use the bread board, the legs of components are placed in the holes. Each set of holes connected by
a metal strip underneath forms a node. A node is a point in a circuit where two components are
connected. Connections between different components are formed by putting their legs in a common
node.
The long top and bottom row of holes are usually used for power supply connections. The rest of the
circuit is built by placing components and connecting them together with jumper wires. ICs are placed
in the middle of the board so that half of the legs are on one side of the middle line and half on the
other.
DMM(Digital Multimeter):
Voltage and current are usually measured in practice using a multimeter, an instrument that combines
voltage, current, and resistance (and sometimes other) measuring functions in a single unit.
Multimeters typically have a set of terminals marked V, A, and COM that are color coded red and black.

Terminal V is the terminal to use to measure voltage and resistance, while terminal A is used for current
measurement. The terminal marked COM is the common terminal for all measurements.
DMMs generally include a function selector switch (or alternatively, a set of push buttons) that permit
you to select the quantity to be measuredsuch as dc voltage, ac voltage, resistance, dc current, or ac
currentand you must set the meter to the desired function before you make a measurement.
Since voltage is the potential difference between two points, you measure voltage by placing the
voltmeter leads across the component whose voltage you wish to determine.
The current that you wish to measure must pass through the meter.

Color Coding of resistors:


The colored bands provide a quickly recognizable code for determining the value of resistance, the
tolerance (in percentage), and occasionally the expected reliability of the resistor. The colored bands are
always read from left to right, left being defined as the side of the resistor with the band nearest to it.
The first two bands represent the first and second digits of the resistance value. The third band is called
the multiplier band and represents the number of zeros following the first two digits; it is usually given
as a power of ten. The fourth band indicates the tolerance of the resistor, and the fifth band (if present)
is an indication of the expected reliability of the component.

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