Next Generation 32-Bit Reprap Set: Radds Raps128
Next Generation 32-Bit Reprap Set: Radds Raps128
RAPS128
HALL-E
LCD-DISPLAY
Max3dshop
http://max3dshop.org
UserGuide_V2
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Table of Contents
1
INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................. 5
RADDS ............................................................................................................................................ 6
2.1
FEATURES ................................................................................................................................. 6
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
ARDUINO DUE.........................................................................................................................20
2.10
RAPS128.......................................................................................................................................21
3.1
FEATURES ...............................................................................................................................21
3.2
3.3
W IRING ...................................................................................................................................22
3.4
3.5
HALL-E ..........................................................................................................................................24
4.1
FEATURES ...............................................................................................................................24
4.2
W IRING ...................................................................................................................................24
4.3
4.4
DIMENSIONS ............................................................................................................................25
4.5
4.6
FEATURES ...............................................................................................................................29
5.2
W IRING ...................................................................................................................................30
5.3
DIMENSIONS ............................................................................................................................30
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6.1
6.2
SOFTWARE ..................................................................................................................................40
7.1
7.2
REPETIER ................................................................................................................................40
7.3
MARLIN ...................................................................................................................................40
NOTES ..........................................................................................................................................42
10
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1 Introduction
These products were directly inspired by things I found in the RepRap communities, and are the
consequence of a continuous improvement effort.
My first printer was a Rostock mini that I had cloned. At that time, I had no knowledge about 3D
printers, but I found the idea of printing a toy for my son so awesome that I wanted to learn more
about the subject.
I was indeed impressed by the printing result when - after months - I was finally able to breathe
life into my Rostock Mini. However, when measuring the printed objects with the calipers, the
disillusionment came :-).
Then I`ve built my second delta built with a similar result. Only now, I began to think :-).
How do I get a reliable quality print result?
What mechanism is stiff enough to not only to be accurate but also able to handle fast printing?
What do I need to achieve these goals? And so on.
As a mechanical engineer, I quite quickly had a rough idea for the mechanics of a clever delta
printer design.
Now what do I need to achieve an acceptable position accuracy / precision???
First, I had to solve the electronics, and started googling to find a way to achieve what I want.
In the German RepRap forum, I stumbled on a little known solution made by Dr. Martin
Henschke - The RADDS-Shield!!!
It is a daughterboard for the 32-bit Arduino Due, similar to the RAMPS, the 8-bit daughterboard
for Arduino Mega. However, this solution offers much more calculation power then the current 8bit CPU, plenty of power. Although it was a beta and prototype state, it seems to be wellworking. I just thought it might work.
I want a controller like that!!!
However, I have a big problem, I have no idea of electronics and certainly do not know anything
about soldering - now what? A long odyssey began, but now it is done.
Now you can simply order the RADDS-Shield, associated components, and bless your printer
with it :-).
Enough said for now ... Have Fun...
Angelo
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2 RADDS
2.1 Features
This guide describes RADDS 1.2 and 1.5 (For the older RADDS 1.1 use the RADDS 1.1
guide)
6 Steppers on-board : X,Y,Z, E0, E1, E2. (Sample: 3 axis and 3 extruders (Z-axis, and
E3 extruder, comes with 2 pins strips for optional second stepper).
6 endstops (Xmin,Ymin,Zmin,Xmax,Ymax;Zmax)
3 servomotors
I2C, SPI, CAN, DAC, RS232 and 8 digital-pins available via pin strips
Additional Features:
EEPROM
12bit ADC (analog to digital converter) upgraded from 10 to 12 bit. Now temperature
calculation is done on 4096 measure points instead of 1024, what give a read
temperature with 4x better resolution. Combined to a new firmware algorithm that uses
660 measure points to extrapolate results, a new level of accuracy is reached for reprap
temperature control
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Version Tracker
2.1.1 RADDS 1
First edition :-) with 8-pin-SD-extern connector
Better shielded coil at the DC/DC converter and coil moved away from ADC lines
220 F at 3,3 V line added for Due clones with unstable 3,3 V supply
100 F capacitors changed to 47 F - better for RAPS128 and enough for POLOLUS
Better shielded coil at the DC/DC converter and coil moved away from ADC lines
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Steppers
Coil 1
Coil2
Pololu
RAPS-128
Pin
11
1B
1A
12
1A
2A
21
2A
1B
22
2B
2B
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A4988
DRV8825
RAPS128
MS1
MS2
MS3
MS1
MS2
MS3
Off
Off
Off
Off
Off
On
Off
Off
On
Off
On
Off
On
On
On
On
Modes
MS1
MS2
MS3
STEP
Off
Off
Off
Off
Off
Off
On
Off
Off
1/2
Off
On
Off
Off
On
Off
1/4
Off
On
On
Off
On
On
Off
1/8
On
Off
Off
On
Off
Off
On
1/16
On
On
On
On
Off
On
1/32
Off
On
On
1/64
On
On
On
1/128
In the table, you find the different stepping modes for usual drivers.
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When using the DRV8825 the combinations HLH, LHH and HHH all gives 1/32 STEP
Off = Logic low level (not connected or ground). On = logic high level(2-5V)
NOTE: you have to set the same stepping mode in the configuration.h file and update the
controller software
When altering the stepping mode, you have to separate the RADDS board from the Arduino
DUE/UDOO QUAD, because dipswitches are hidden under the RADDS board.
By using this tool, you can remove the RADDS board without making any damages.
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Source: http://www.reprap.org/wiki/Stepper_motor#Micro_stepping
If you want to alter the micro stepping value on one or more axis, you have to set the correct
value. When using Silencioso, you set it using the dipswitches on the Silencioso and modify the
values in the configuration.h file
Each time you increase the stepping one level (sample: from 1/16 to 1/32) you have to multiply
the steps per unit value by two.
Sample You are using 1/16 steps per unit and the value is 80 and want to use 1/32 steps per
unit.
If your steps per unit value is 80, you have to multiply 80 by two (2x80).
New steps per unit value = 160
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// #define DEFAULT_AXIS_STEPS_PER_UNIT
{78.7402,78.7402,200.0*8/3,760*1.1} // default steps per unit for Ultimaker
//#define DEFAULT_AXIS_STEPS_PER_UNIT {80,80,2560,107} // default
steps per unit for OrdBot 1/16
#define DEFAULT_AXIS_STEPS_PER_UNIT {160,160,5120,214} // default
steps per unit for OrdBot 1/32
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When you orientate the RAPS128 like in the image, the DIR pin is in the upper right corner
When you insert the stepper drivers, the drivers DIR pin have to point towards the DIR label on
the RADDS driver socket.
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The Z and E3 axis comes with dual motor pin connections so you can connect an additional
stepper easily on these axis..
NOTE: The pins where you connect Z, Y and X stepper motors are in the opposite direction
compared to E1, E2 and E3
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Sample: A setup where you use dual stepper motors for the Z-axis, X and Y-axis + one extruder.
This is a normal setup on many printers.
With this setup, you have two spare outputs, where E3 have pins for dual steppers in the same
way as the Z-output.
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Look at your motor, find its part number. Then Google it. Try to find a schematic or a data-sheet
that will indicate which wire goes to which pole. Note the colors that correspond to each coil.
If you can`t find the motor`s part number, you can use another method to find the motor`s pole
pairs.
When two wires for a pole (A +C or B+D) touch together it makes a closed circuit for that pole
and it gets harder to turn the stepper motor.
1.
Try to turn the motor when no cables touch together it should turn freely.
2.
Touch two of the cables together if the motor gets harder to turn, you have found a
pole pair. If not, try to touch two other cables together until the motor gets harder to move.
3.
When you have two cables together that makes it harder to turn the motor, you have
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NOTE
when using electronic endstops like the HALL-E end stop, only use endstops that have
max 3,3V out on the signal pin.
Mechanical endstops:
Connect the mechanical endstops to the GND and Signal pins so they are normally closed (push
= open)
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By using this board, you can get two extra stepper drivers.
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32-bit core.
96 Kbytes of SRAM.
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3 RAPS128
3.1 Features
THB6128 chip
Up to 128 micro steps possible (recommended maximum of 32 micro steps for 8-bit
electronics, such as Arduino Mega with RAMPS.)
The size corresponds to the popular Pololu drivers and the pinout is compatible but not
identical.
Max 1/128 micro stepping when used in combination with RADDS (or other 32-bits
controllers that supports 1/128 micro stepping)
Can be used on RAMPS, rumba and other RepRap electronics, but 8-bit electronics
usually are too slow for 1/64 and 1/128 micro stepping.
CAUTION: Inverted activation signal Enable = HIGH (at Pololu drivers enable = LOW, invert
in firmware!)
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3.3 Wiring
3.3.1 Minimal pinout
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The arrows indicate the measurement points for the reference voltage. Use a voltmeter and
measure the voltage between the ground terminal and the pot wiper on the drivers v-ref
potentiometer.
Recommended voltage range: 0.8 to 1.6 V. This corresponds to a theoretical peak engine power
from 0.73 to 1.46 A
By turning the decay potentiometer, the way of voltage and current decay in the motor coils is
changed. A medium setting has been proven to work with many Nema 17 motors."
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4 HALL-E
4.1 Features
The sensor provides an analog signal that is proportional to the magnetic field strenght
that is compared with the preset value set by the potentiometer.
4.2 Wiring
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4.4 Dimensions
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Using a spindle potentiometer (5-10 kOhms), adjustment can be made a lot more sensitive.
Only the wiper and one end of the resistor is connected. The third wire is connected to the
potentiometer shield.
You have to disable the internal potentiometer when an external potentiometer is connected. For
this purpose, the stop is bent (1) and the wiper rotated to the exactly middle between the two
ends of the resistance track (2)..
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The spindle potentiometer has 10 turns and 10 kOhms. One turn corresponds to 1 kOhm. The
potentiometer on the circuit board has 5 kOhm and a corresponding adjustment from 1.4 to 3.1
mm (one neodymium magnet N45 with D = 4 and H = 1).
The external potentiometer can be used as a simple and accurate way to fine-tune your Z-end
stop.
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5 LCD Panel
5.1 Features
SD Card reader
Back button
Reset button
Buzzer
Cable kit
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5.2 Wiring
5.3 Dimensions
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6 Other electronics
This image shows a normal direct drive extruder/hotend setup. If Bowden is used the setup is
almost the same, but there is a tube between the extruder and hotend.
Wiring:
-
Stepper motor to E1
Thermistor to Thermistor 1
Heater to Heater 1
If you have more than one extruder, you must use E2, Thermistor 2 and Heater 2 (Hotend Fan
and Filament Fan to the same terminals as Extruder 1).
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When calculating how much power you need it is normal to divide the power in two.
1. All the electronics, like controller, hotend, steppers.. (10A at max load/Fuse=10A)
P= U x I = 12V x 10A = 120W
2. The heated bed (A typical heating bed like MK2a is 180W but there are differences
between suppliers and batches. A voltmeter would be useful Assume this is 180W
powered. I = P / U = 180W / 12V = 15 A)
For more information about how to calculate the power needed visit: http://doku.radds.org
NOTE: Be careful and check all your connections so you are certain that there is no
errors in polarity (+/-) or shorted cables before you turn on the power. Errors can
lead to damaged PSU or other electronics.
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First reason, according to me, is the poor quality of some heated bed who cant reach target
temperatures, In this case, you could most of the time make them working with a little more
volts, it means, 24V power supply + PWM modulation in order to reduce voltage down to
14v/15V. It may boost a weak heated bed.
Other reason, is if you often need high temperatures (lot of ABS, nylon), or you do not like to
wait too much time for pre-heating. 24V Power supply with 24V components (bed, hotend),
because power will actually be four times higher (twice V and twice A).
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RADDS allows you to supply it with 10V-25V, so you can directly plug it on a 24V PSU
It will supply 24V to all your components (hotends, fans, etc), so they must be 24V
components, because standard 12V devices may receive severe damage, even could burn.
According to your firmware, you could still use 12V components one some outputs, with a
correct PWM setup in order to shut voltage down, see next
chapter.
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Software (firmware) will be used in order to reduce the power delivered to 12V components,
thanks to the PWM modulation, which applies high frequency micro-cuts to the 24V signal, and
gives the corresponding percentage of the voltage to the connected device. So that your 12V
devices are powered with virtual 12V
voltage.
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Software/firmware settings:
PWM is 8bits coded so 256 values are available. 0=0%time to max voltage = no voltage.
255=100% of time to full voltage = full voltage. 128 is the average, 50% time to 0V, and 50%
time to 24V (24 for example). But it dont means it will generate 12V, it not so easy. Its always
24V but only a part of the time so that 12V devices could be supplied.
With 24V PSU, each output where a 12V device (heater, fans, lights) is connected must be
PWM-controlled in order to receive a virtual 12V voltage. This is achieved by altering some
settings in the configuration.h file of your firmware.
Values depends on the Hotend, so its difficult to give an always working figure.
Usually, a good value is to divide original PWM value by 4.
For example, a 12V PSU with a 255 PWM setting would be reduced to 64 when supplied with
24V PSU.
Also depends of the individual Fan electronic setup.
By most of them, it works, but we give no warranty for this.
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RADDS do switch the negative side. Sample: To turn on Fan 1 RADDS switches the negative
fan pin to GND. The positive fan wire is connected to +12V so the fan start.
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We recommend using high quality copper wires (between the PSU and RADDS + between
RADDS and the heated bed.
mm
AWG
Up to 5A max
1,5
15
6A to 15A max
2,5
13
11
10
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7 Software
7.2 Repetier
You can configure and download Repetier firmware using the Repetier-Firmware
Configuration tool
http://www.repetier.com/downloads/
If you use the Repetier host software to control your printer and your printer is acting strange/you
get communication errors you may have to alter a setting in the Repetier Host software:
1. Start Repetier host
2. Click on the Printer Settings icon
3. Alter the Receive Cache Size value from 127 to 63
7.3 Marlin
https://github.com/bobc/Marlin/tree/Marlin_v1
https://github.com/Wurstnase/Marlin4Due
Marlin4Due is a further development of bobc's version. It is faster and many of the 8-bit
limitations are eliminated.
Current status:
Very limited testing. Only a small subset of functions have been tested. Testers should watch out
for anything going wrong, including unexpected head movement, program hanging and runaway
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max3dshop: http://max3dshop.org/
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9 Notes
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10 Your settings
Parameter
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Value
Comment
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Parameter
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Value
Comment
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