Scribd
Upload
1K views

Window Frame

This document provides instructions for constructing a window frame with a transom and mullion as part of a carpentry and joinery course. It defines window frame terminology and types. Solid and box window frames are described. Steps for constructing a window frame include selecting timber, marking and cutting joints, assembling the frame members using mortise and tenon joints, and installing the completed frame into a wall. Maintaining proper slopes on horizontal frame members like the cill is emphasized to prevent water damage.

Uploaded by

TajiriMollel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
1K views

Window Frame

This document provides instructions for constructing a window frame with a transom and mullion as part of a carpentry and joinery course. It defines window frame terminology and types. Solid and box window frames are described. Steps for constructing a window frame include selecting timber, marking and cutting joints, assembling the frame members using mortise and tenon joints, and installing the completed frame into a wall. Maintaining proper slopes on horizontal frame members like the cill is emphasized to prevent water damage.

Uploaded by

TajiriMollel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING AUTHORITY

SINGIDA VOCATIONAL TRAINING CENTRE


TRADE;
CARPENTRY AND JOINERY,
LEVEL;
1, first year
MODULE; 6
CONSTRUCTING FRAMES,
UNIT; 1 MAKING
DOOR AND WINDOW FRAMES
ELEMENT; 6.1.1
MAKING WINDOW FRAMES
OBJECTIVES:
At the end of this element trainees shall be able to;
- Define terminologies,
- Identify types of window frame,
- Identify window frame members,
- Explaining procedures for fixing window frame,
- State safety rules on carpentry works,
- Constructing the window frame,
- Cleanliness and storage of tools.
INTRODUCTION
The function of window frame is to admit light and air into the building.
- The term window frame is the framework that supports a window sashes,
- Or a framework of wood or metal that contains a glass window and is built into wall
or roof to admit light or air.
TYPES WINDOW FRAMES
There are two types of window frame depending on how the sashes are hung. And these
are;
- Solid window frame and Box window frame.
The common solid window frame consists of Jambs, Head, and Cill. When additional light and
ventilation are needed a fanlight can be added, the extra piece is called a transom, and then
if wider window are required, mullion can be added.

Any of these frames can be made with a rebate or with beads (Planted rebate) or with a
combination of two. If beads are used, they are fixed after the casement is installed, so they
can be adjusted.

Box window frame are used for vertical sliding sashes (double hung) the thin of the
materials, housing joint are used instead of mortise and tenon joint.
Before you start constructing a window frame you have to decide;
- Whether the window will have shutters, louvers or any other kind of closing.
- If there will be any burglar (thief) proofing and if so what kind;
- If any mosquito proofing is required,
- Where the window will be installed (does it have to be opened frequently?)
All these factors can influence the kind and sizes of timber we use and the sizes of the frame
itself.
Remember; Window frame measurements which are given with no further explanation are
always inside measurements.
JOINTS AND WINDOW FRAME MEMBERS
When you are marking out the joints, first decide whether the frame is to have a rebate or
beads. In general the joints for window frames are the same as those for door frame.
Window frame members are;
a) Horizontal members, which are head, transom, and cill,
b) Vertical members which are posts/jambs, and mullion,

MAKING A WINDOW FRAMES WITH TRANSOM AND MULLION.


The joint for the transom, mullion connection should be a stub tenon, to prevent water from
entering the mortise at the top.
Proper steps for window frame construction;
- Study the drawing,
- Prepare the cutting list,
- Select the
timber,
- Cut timber to required sizes, - Plane the timber to size and make the face marks,
- Mark out the joints (Be care in marking out the shoulders of the joints). The head,
transom, and cill must be marked out together, as the two posts and the mullion
must also be marked out together.
- Mortise the head and cill and make stopped mortises in posts/jambs and transom,
- Rip the tenons for the transom, post and mullion,
- Rip the horns on the head and cill,
- prepare the rebate and throating if
required,
- Cit the shoulders of the tenons (smooth and clean up the inside edges).
Assembling the window frame;
- Place the frame on the workbench, with the rebated side up,
- Fix the transom to the posts, - Fix the mullion to the transom,
- Cramp the head and the cill to the posts and mullion,
- Test for squareness at the four corners and check the for diagonals,
- With cramps still in position, fasten the joints, - Finish off the window frame.

Installing window frames;


Installing window frames is the similar to installing door frames. A window frame should be
fixed in such a way that the casement can open flat to the wall,
With the edge of the wall. This can cause the hinges to be forced out when the window is
blown open by the wind.
Window frames can be installed either during the construction of wall or after the walling has
been completed.
Installing window frames during wall construction;
When the blockwork has reached window cill level the frames can be set and aligned in the
same way as a door frame. The chief difference is that in the window frame the horizontal
members are usually longer than vertical members, and for that reasons more attention is
given to leveling the head and cill of a window frame than to leveling the head of the door
frame. Check them by comparing from a distance to see if they are aligned as with door
frames.

Installing frames after walling has been completed;


This method is not so commonly used, but has its advantages. In order to keep the frames
clean, square and dry, they are kept in a store or in a building that is roofed. Openings are
left in bockwork to receive the frame, horns and steel clamps. The frame is set into this
opening and the steel clamps and horns are secured with mortar. Sometimes hardwood or
plastic plugs are used to secure the frame in the wall.
Cill of the window frame;

The cill will should have a slope on the outside, to keep rain out of the building. This slope
can be constructed by chamfering the cill or by a combination of chamfering and rebating.
It is important to prevent rain water from entering the space between the cill and the wall,
where it could cause the cill to rot.

You might also like