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Schematic

The document describes two experiments investigating the effects of buffer concentration and ratio of conjugate base to weak acid on buffer capacity. In the first experiment, phosphate and acetate buffers of varying concentrations are tested by measuring pH change after addition of NaOH. The second examines how pH change from added acid or base varies for phosphate and acetate buffers adjusted to different pH levels through differing ratios of conjugate forms. Key results are the magnitude of pH change providing information about buffer capacity.

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Cai Pascual
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915 views

Schematic

The document describes two experiments investigating the effects of buffer concentration and ratio of conjugate base to weak acid on buffer capacity. In the first experiment, phosphate and acetate buffers of varying concentrations are tested by measuring pH change after addition of NaOH. The second examines how pH change from added acid or base varies for phosphate and acetate buffers adjusted to different pH levels through differing ratios of conjugate forms. Key results are the magnitude of pH change providing information about buffer capacity.

Uploaded by

Cai Pascual
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Effect of Concentration of Buffer

CASE 1

0.1 M phosphate buffer,


pH 7.2

25 mL 0.005
M phosphate
buffer, pH 7.2
Record pH

25 mL 0.05 M
25 mL 0.10 M
phosphate
phosphate
buffer, pH 7.2
buffer, pH 7.2
Record pH

Add 2 mL

Record pH

Add 2 mL

0.1 M NaOH
Buffer
solution +

0.1 M NaOH
Buffer
solution +

Account for the


magnitude change

Add 2 mL
0.1 M NaOH

Buffer
solution +
Account for the

magnitude change

Account for the


magnitude

change
in pH.

CASE 2

in pH.

0.1 M acetate buffer, pH


4.7

25 mL 0.005
M acetate
buffer, pH 4.7
Record pH

25 mL 0.05 M
25 mL 0.10 M
acetate
acetate buffer,
buffer, pH 7.2
pH 7.2
Record pH

Add 2 mL
0.1 M NaOH
Buffer
solution +

Account for the


magnitude change
change

in pH.

Add 2 mL
0.1 M NaOH
Buffer
solution +

Record pH
Add 2 mL

0.1 M NaOH
Buffer
solution +

Account for the


magnitude change

Account for the


magnitude

in pH.

in pH.

in pH.

Effect of the Ratio of the Conjugate Base to the Weak Acid


CASE 1

0.1 M H2PO4- and HPO42-

25 mL buffer
solution, pH
6.2.
Record pH

25 mL buffer
25 mL buffer
solution, pH
solution, pH
7.2.
8.2.
Record pH

Record

Divide into

Divide

pH
Divide into
into
two parts

two parts

two

parts
I

Add 2 mL
2 mL

Add 2 mL

NaOH

0.1 N NaOH
0.1 N HC

Record pH

II

Add 2 mL

Add 2 mL

0.1 N HCl

Record pH
Record pH

Account for the magnitude

II

0.1 N NaOH

Record pH

II
Add 2 mL

Add

0.1 N HCl

Record pH

Account for the magnitude

0.1 N

Record pH

Account for the

magnitude
of the pH shift with the
reference to the direction

of the pH shift with the


reference to the direction

of the pH shift with the


reference to the

direction
of the pH shift.
shift.

of the pH shift.

of the pH

Effect of the Ratio of the Conjugate Base to the Weak Acid


CASE 2

0.1 M acetic acid and


acetate

25 mL buffer
solution, pH
3.7.
Record pH

25 mL buffer
25 mL buffer
solution, pH
solution, pH
4.7.
5.7.
Record pH

Record

Divide into

Divide

pH
Divide into
into
two parts

two parts

two

parts
I

Add 2 mL
2 mL

Add 2 mL

NaOH

0.1 N NaOH
0.1 N HC

Record pH

II

Add 2 mL

Add 2 mL

0.1 N HCl

Record pH
Record pH

Account for the magnitude

II

0.1 N NaOH

Record pH

II
Add 2 mL

Add

0.1 N HCl

Record pH

Account for the magnitude

0.1 N

Record pH

Account for the

magnitude
of the pH shift with the
reference to the direction

of the pH shift with the


reference to the direction

of the pH shift with the


reference to the

direction
of the pH shift.
shift.

of the pH shift.

of the pH

Titration of an Amino Acid


Assigned Amino
Acid
Pipette 10 mL into
a 25 mL or 50 mL beaker
Sample Amino
Acid
Adjust pH to 1.5 using 1 N
HCl.
Add 0.1 M KOH using a burette, in 0.5 mL
increments, until pH 12
Stir well. Measure pH after each addition.

Plot the results of pH vs. mL KOH added.


Determine pK a values.
Draw the amino acid structures at each pK a values.

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