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INDEX - Handbook of Instrumentation by Andres Stiller

This document provides an index of musical terms where the main entry for each term is shown in bold-face type and additional information may be included under the heading. The index includes definitions and references for a wide variety of musical instruments, techniques, composers, and other topics. Page numbers are included and sometimes marked with an x to indicate a reference to a figure on that page.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
87 views17 pages

INDEX - Handbook of Instrumentation by Andres Stiller

This document provides an index of musical terms where the main entry for each term is shown in bold-face type and additional information may be included under the heading. The index includes definitions and references for a wide variety of musical instruments, techniques, composers, and other topics. Page numbers are included and sometimes marked with an x to indicate a reference to a figure on that page.

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kennydanni
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Index

Where there is more than one entry under a given heading, the main or defining entry for the term is shown in
bold-face type. An x following the page number indicates a reference to a Figure.

A ear, 5 Agbe. See Shekere


Accordion, 256x, 257, 280x, electronic waveforms, 372 Agogo bells, 207x, 213-14
284-88 flue pipe (organ), 292 musical examples, 137
button keyboard, 285-87 mallet instruments, 238 Alla corda, 359
maximum stretches, 286 multiphonics, 20 Almglocken, 207x, 211-13
chromatic, 286 percussion, 118-21 musical examples, 138
combined systems, 287 privileged frequencies, 80 Al tallone, 360
electric, 304 stopped pipe, 14-16 Alto. See Alto voice
free-bass, 286 string, 5, 311-12 Alto bugle. See Alto horn
registers, 287-88 string instruments, 311-12 Alto clarinet, 40-48
Stradella system, 285, 288 timpani, 119-20, 144 special effects, 47-48
A clarinet, 43 voices, 102-9, 114 student range, 480
Acoustic bass. See Contrabass whistling, 115 Alto flgelhorn. See Alto horn
Acoustic guitar, 325-27 woodwinds, 13-16, 18 Alto flute, 3, 24-33
amplified, 342 Action, 265, 338 glissando, 30-31
Acoustics, 4-7, 9, 80 Acuta (stop), 296 harmonics, 29-30
boobams, 119, 168 ADC, 380 microtones, 30
brasses, 63-65, 69, 80 As, clarinet, 40-48 special effects, 31-32
contrabassoon, 61 special effects, 47-48 Alto horn, 91-95
difference tones, 23 African thumb piano. See doubling, 67
drums, 118-20, 140-41, 147 Kalimba; Sansas mutes, 94
cavity resonance, 167 Afuche. See Cabasa student range, 480
Alto kalimba, 217 Barraqu, Jean Bass recorder, 396-98, 400-401
Altonium. See Alto horn Chant aprs chant, 177, 209 student range, 482
Alto recorder, 396-401 Barre, 329-30 Bass sackbutt, 432-34
student range, 482 Bartk pizzicato, 362 Bass saxhorn. See Bass tuba
Alto sackbutt, 432-34 guitar, 333 Bass saxophone, 49-54
Alto saxhorn. See Alto horn Baryton, 466-68 Bass shawm, 405-8
Alto saxophone, 19, 49-54 page position, 394 Bass trombone, 88
Alto shawm, 405-8 Basket rattle. See Soft rattle Bass trumpet, 76-85, 89
Alto viol, 463-65 Bass. See Bass voice; Contrabass; doubling, 67
Alto voice, 110 Electric bass guitar; mutes, 85
Amplifier, 373, 384 Tuba Bass tuba, 91-96
Analog-to-digital converter, 380 Bassanelli, 408 mutes, 94
Antique cymbals. See Crotales Bass clarinet, 40-48 Bass viol. See Contrabass; Viola
Anvils, 193x, 194-95 special effects, 47-48 da gamba
musical examples, 136, 139 student range, 480 Bass voice, 109, 110
Arab drums. See Dumbegs; Bass drum, 153x, 156-57 Beams. See Softwood planks
Kettledrums, small in early music, 435 Beating reed, 279
Arabic tablas. See Dumbegs mallet, 130, 131x, 273 Beatles
Archlute, 455 musical examples, 136-39 Because, 277
Arp String Ensemble, 307 Basset shawm, 405 Here Comes the Sun, 333
Artificial harmonics, 314 Bassett clarinet, 43 Lucy in the Sky with
guitar, 334 Bassett horn, 43 Diamonds, 277
violin family, 365-66 Bassett keys, 43 Bebung, 442
Artificial timbres, 9 Bass fiddle. See Contrabass Beethoven, Ludwig van
Attenuator, 373 Bass flute, 23, 24-33 Symphony No. 4, 22
Audubon birdcall. See Friction glissando, 30-31 Symphony No. 9, 61
birdcall harmonics, 29-30 Bell clarinet (stop), 297
Autocoil, 189x, 191-92 microtones, 30-31 Bell mallet, 129, 130x
Availability of instruments, 3 special effects, 31-32 Bell plates, 230x, 232-33
early instruments, 390 Bass harmonica, 280x, 281x, 283, Bells, 207x, 209-15
percussion, 135 288 acoustics, 119, 209, 211
Bass horn, 430 agogo, 207x, 213-14
B Bass marimba, 238-44 buzz tone, 211
Bach, J. S., 363 bowing, 244 clay. See Flowerpots
Chaconne from D-minor violin harmonics, 243-44 cow. See Almglocken;
partita, 270 Bass metallophone, 244-48 Cencerros
Backward sounds, 383 bowing, 247-48 cup, 207x, 209-10
Bagpipes, 409-10 Bass oboe. See Tenor oboe in early music, 390-91, 436
Baldwin (pianos), 271 Basso continuo, 393 electric, 207x, 214-15
Bamboo chimes. See Windchimes Bassoon, 16, 55-62 glass, 207x, 211
Bandora, 393, 457x, 460-61 continuo, 393 herd. See Almglocken
Band-pass filter, 373-74 doubling, 20 musical examples, 136-39
Band-reject filter, 373 harpsichord stop, 440 orchestra. See Glockenspiel
Banjo, 326x, 337-39 multiphonics, 21, 61 pellet (jingle, sleigh), 178, 179
Banya, 148n muting, 61 sticks for, 211
Bariolage, 363 organ stop, 298 strike tone, 211
Baritone horn, xiv, 91-95 page position, 2 tubular. See Chimes
doubling, 67, 93-94 reed, 15x Bell tree, 184x, 186-87
mutes, 94 Russian, 430 musical examples, 139
student range, 480 special effects, 62 vital statistics, 185x
Baritone saxophone, xiii, 49-54 student range, 480 Berg, Alban
Baroque mute (brasses), 431, See also Curtal Three Pieces for Orchestra, 133
434x Basso seguente, 392
Berio, Luciano bells, 210, 211 Bucket mute, 82x, 84, 94
Folk Songs, 192 col legno, 360 Buffalo Springfield
Berlioz, Hector crotales, 234 For What It's Worth, 340
Symphonie fantastique, 430 dtach, 359 Buff stop (harpsichord), 439, 440
Birdcall, 249-51 flautando, 360 Bugle, 91
musical example, 139 guitar, 335 alto. See Alto horn
See also Crow; Water whistle jet, 359 valved. See Flgelhorn
Bird whistle. See Water whistle lour, 359 Bullhorn, 114-15
Blockflte (stop), 296 martellato, 359 Busoni, Ferruccio
Boards. See Slabs; Softwood off the string, 359 transcription of Bach
planks percussion, 134 chaconne, 270
Bocal, 35, 55, 56 piano, 273 Button keyboard, 285-87, 374n
Body percussion, 196 portato, 358-59 Buzzer, 215
musical example, 138 saltando, 359 party. See Razzer
Bombard. See Shawms special effects, 360-61 Buzz mute, 82x, 84
Bombarde (stop), 297 spiccato, 359
Bongos, 162-66 sulla punta d'arco, 360 C
finger-style playing, 164-66 sul ponticello, 360 Cabasa, 172, 173x, 176-77
musical examples, 136-38 sul tasto (sulla tastiera), 360 Caccini, Francesca
vital statistics, 164 tremolo, 358 Il Liberazione di Ruggiero, 472
Boobams, 163x, 168-69 vibraphone family, 247-48 Cage, John
acoustics, 119, 168 xylophone family, 244 First Construction in Metal, 225
musical example, 138 Bowls. See Bells Campana (stop), 293n
Bore, 14-16, 66 Brake drums, 235x, 237-38 Cans, 199-200
Bsendorfer (pianos), 267 musical examples, 137 Capo, 333
Bottlenecking, 334-35, 345 Brasses, 8, 63-71 banjo, 339
Bottles, 207x, 213-14 acoustics, 63-65, 69, 80 Carroll Sound, Inc., 219
See also Shatter glass articulation, 67 Carter, Elliott
Boulez, Pierre bore, 66 Eight Pieces for Four Timpani, 146
Pli selon pli, 233 breathing, 67-68 Cartridge (phonograph), 385
Bourdon (stop), 296 cuivr effect, 68, 74, 82 Castanets, 187-88
Bowed strings, 351-67 doubling, 67 in early music, 435-36
bowing, 356-61, 362-63 dynamics, 68 musical examples, 136, 139
articulation, 356-60 early, 431 as organ stop, 298
bariolage, 363 fingering, 65-66, 69 Celesta, 256x, 262-64, 265
special effects, 360-61 German cavalry, 80-81 student range, 481
timbre, 360 half-valve technique, 69-70, Celesting stops, 296-97, 298
early, 462-73 75 Cello, 351-67
fingering, 355-56 large groups, 96 bowing, 356-61, 362-63
maximum stretches, 357x lip gliss, 75 articulation, 356-60
notation, 363 mouthpieces, 66-67 bariolage, 363
glissando, 366 multiphonics, 70, 71 special effects, 360-61
in natural harmonics, 365 open notes, 65-66 timbre, 360
harmonics, 363, 364-66 page position, 1-2 continuo, 393
artificial, 365-66 pitch placement, 68 fingering, 355-56
glissando, 365 special effects, 69-71 maximum stretches, 357x
multiple stops, 362-63 synthesizer. See EVI notation, 363
mutes, 364 transposing, 66 glissando, 366
page position, 2 valves, 64-66, 87, 93 in natural harmonics, 365
pizzicato, 361-62 vibrato, 68 harmonics, 363, 364-66
Bowing, 356-61, 362-63 Bridge, 311 artificial, 365-66
alla corda, 359 Bronx cheer. See Razzer glissando, 365
al tallone, 360 Buchla (synthesizers), 374n
INDEX
Cello (continued) clarion register, 46-47 continuo, 393
multiple stops, 362-63 doubling, 20 fingering, 355-56
mutes, 364 mouthpiece, 15x maximum stretches, 357x
pizzicato, 361-62 organ stop, 297, 298 notation, 363
student range, 482 page position, 2 five-string, 353
thumb positions, 356 played into timpano, 147 glissando, 366
Cencerros, 207x, 213-14 special effects, 47-48 in natural harmonics, 365
musical examples, 136-38 student range, 480 harmonics, 363, 364-66
Ceterone, 457x, 460 throat tones, 46 artificial, 365-66
Chains, 173x, 179 Claves, 193-94 glissando, 365
musical examples, 138-39 Musical examples, 136-39 low C extension, 353-54
Chamber organ, 443 notation, 124-25 multiple stops, 362-63
Chansons, 391-92 Clavichord, 277-78, 438x, 441-42 mutes, 364
Chanterelle, 452, 474 electric. See Clavinet pizzicato, 361-62
Chapman stick, 341x, 349-51 fretted, 442 student range, 482
Chavez, Carlos page position, 394 thumb positions, 356
Sinfonia de Antigona, 3 tangents, 278 Contrabass clarinet, 40-49
Sinfonia India, 204 Clavicytherium, 440 special effects, 47-48
Tambuco, 189, 204 Clavinet, 256x, 276-79 student range, 480
Chest register (vocal), 105-8, Clay drums. See Dumbegs; Contrabassoon, 23, 55-62
109, 110 Kettledrums, small special effects, 62
Chiff, 292 Clock coil, 189x, 192-93 Contra bassoon (stop), 297
Chimes, 234-36 Cog rattle. See Ratchets Contrabass recorder, 396-98,
mallet, 131, 132x Coils, 189x, 191-92 399n, 400
musical examples, 136, 138, Colascione, 458 Contrabass saxhorn. See
139 Col legno, 360 Contrabass tuba
as organ stop, 298 Coloratura soprano, 109, 110x Contrabass saxophone, xiii
stone. See Lithophones Comb filter, 377 Contrabass trombone, xiv,
student range, 481 Combination tones, 20 86, 88-90
Chime tree. See Mark tree Combining instruments, 7-9 doubling, 67
Chinese blocks. See Temple Compound stop, 295, 296 glissando, 89-90
blocks; Woodblocks Computer sound synthesis, mutes, 89
Chinese cymbals, 223-25 378-80 Contrabass tuba, 91-96
musical examples, 136-37 Congas, 162-66 breathing, 68
Chinese opera gong, xiv finger-style playing, 164-66 mutes, 94
Chinese tomtom, 158 musical examples, 138 Contra bombarde (stop), 297
Chitarrone, 453-56 vital statistics, 164 Contra diapason (stop), 293
musical example, 458 Consonants, 98-99 Contra saxophone (stop), 297n
Chocolo, 175 performed by brass player, 83 Control voltage, 369
Chorus, 107, 117 phonetic notation, 100-102 Copedant, 346-47
in early music, 390-93 Contact mike, 385 Cornamuses, 411-12, 425
electronic effect, 386 Continuo, 393 Cornet, xiii, 93
Ciconia, Johannes, 391 Continuo lutes, 393, 453-56 organ stop, 296
Cimbalom, 315-17 musical examples, 458 Cornett, 392, 426-31
Circular breathing. See Cyclic Contra-alto clarinet, 40-48 mute, 429
breathing special effects, 47-48 page position, 394
Citole, 457-59 student range, 480 straight, 428-29
Cittern, 392, 457-61 Contrabass, 351-67 Cornettino, 426-30
page position, 394 bowing, 356-61, 362-63 Countertenor, 108, 109-10, 112
Clapping hands, 196 articulation, 356-60 Couplers, 291
musical example, 138 bariolage, 363 harpsichord, 439
Clarinet, 16, 18, 19, 23, 40-49 special effects, 360-61 Course, 315
in A, 43 timbre, 360 Cowbells. See Almglocken;
chalumeau register, 46 bow types, 356 Cencerros
Crash cymbals, 224x, 226-27 Dtach, 359 muffling, 141
in early music, 436 Diapason chorus, 293-94 rim, 140
musical examples, 136, 138-39 Diapason strings, 455-56 playing on, 151-52
See also Sizzle cymbal Diaphone, 290x, 297 shell, 118, 140
Crescendo pedal (organ), 292 Difference tones, 23, 295, 296 sticks. See Mallets
Cricket, 222 Digital synthesizer, 306-7, 380 technique, 145, 155
Crossed hands (keyboard), 259 Digital-to-analog converter, wood. See Mokugyos; Slit
Crotales, 230x, 233-34 378-79 drums; Wood plate
in early music, 436 Division viol, 465-66 drums
musical examples, 138-39 Dobro, 327n See also Tenor drum;
Crow, 250-52 Dolzaina. See Cornamuses; Tomtoms; Traps
musical examples, 138-39 Douaine Drum synthesizer, 306, 307
Crowd, 450 Dome (of cymbals, gongs), 223, Duck call. See Crow
Crumb, George 229 Dulcians. See Curtals
Ancient Voices of Children, 221 Doorbell. See Electric bell Dulcimer, 315, 446-47
Black Angels, 211 Double bass. See Contrabass page position, 394
Crumhorns, 16, 410-11, 412, Double bass harmonica, 280x, Dumbegs, 163x, 166-67
413x, 414x, 425 281x, 283 Dynamics
musical examples, 412 Double bassoon. See brasses, 68
page position, 394 Contrabassoon clavichord, 441
vital statistics, 413x Double beats, 145 harp, 318
Crwth, 450 Double-headed drums, 152-53, harpsichord, 438-39
Cuica, 170-71 156, 157 keyboards, 257
Cuivr effect, 68, 74, 82 small, 156 range of individual
Cup mute, 82x, 84 musical example, 136 instruments, 3
Curtals, 392-93, 416-20, 425 Double horn, 73, 74 recorder, 395
page position, 394 Double stop. See Multiple stops
Curtis-Smith, Curtis Double-tonguing, 22, 67 E
Rhapsodies, 273 Doubling Early music, instrumentation of,
Cushion. See Practice pad banjo, 338 390-93
Cyclic breathing, 24, 68, 111, 401 bowed instruments, 351 E-bow, 343
Cymbal (organ stop), 296 brasses, 67 Echo, electronic, 383, 386
Cymbals, 223-29 keyboards, 257 See also Reverb unit
antique. See Crotales mandolin, 336 Es clarinet, 40-48
Chinese, 223-25 percussion, 124 special effects, 47-48
crash, 224x, 226-27, 436 woodwinds, 19-20 student range, 479
in early music, 436 Douaine, 412
finger, 224x, 226-27, 233 Downbow, 356-58 Es flute, 24
foot. See Hi-hat Drag, 155 Electric bass guitar, 341x, 343-44
musical examples, 136-39 Dragon's mouths. See Mokugyos; Electric bell, 207x, 214-15
sizzle, 223-25 Temple blocks musical example, 139
suspended, 223-26 Drum machine. See Repetitions Electric buzzer, 215
Turkish, 223 Drums, 140-41 Electric guitar, 340-44
Cymbalstern (stop), 298 acoustics, 118-20, 140-41, 147, double-neck, 344
167, 168 feedback, 342
flat-pick effects, 343
D brake, 235x, 237-38
fuzz tone, 342
DAC, 378-79 cuica effect, 171
double-headed, 152-53, 156, right-hand fingering, 343
Damper pedal twelve-string, 342, 344
piano, 268, 269-71 157
finger-style playing, 164-66 Electric harpsichord, 277, 307
vibraphone, 244 Electric organ, 256x, 277, 301-4,
Darabuccas, 167 hand-damping, 141
head, 118, 140 307
Descant recorder. See Soprano synthesizer stop, 306
recorder loading of, 147
hoop, 140
Electric piano, 256x, 275-77, 279, string instruments, 312-13 Foundations (organ), 292-95,
307 violin family, 313, 355-56, 357x 296n, 297, 298
student range, 481 woodwinds, 16-19 Fourniture (stop), 296
Electric sitar, 344 Finger picks, 328 Fox call. See Crow
Electromechanical instruments, Fingers, snapping, 196 Frame drums, 158
275 Finger-style playing, 134-35 See also Hand drums
Electronics, 275, 368-70 drums, 140, 164-66 Free reed, 279, 282x
live, 384-86 timpani, 146-47 Free stroke (guitar), 327
notation, 370 Flam, 155n French bow (contrabass), 356
page position, 1-2, 370 Flanger, 377n French horn. See Horn
waveforms, 372 Flat pick, 328 Frequency counter, 378
Embouchure, 18 special effects, electric guitar, Frequency follower, 377
English horn, 33-39 343 Frequency shifter, 377
harmonics, 38 used with violin family, 362 Fretted clavichord, 442
multiphonics, 21-22, 38 Flautando, 360 Fricatives, 98
muting, 39 Flexatone, 220x, 221-22 Friction birdcall, 249-51
special effects, 38, 39 musical example, 139 Frog, 360
student range, 479 Flowerpots, 207x, 211-13 Frottole, 392
Envelope, 6-7 musical example, 137 Fuzz box, 386
backward sounds, 383 Flue stops, 290x, 292 use with electric guitar, 342
follower, 377 Flgelhorn, xiii, 91-95
generator, 375 alto. See Alto horn G
percussion, 120-21 doubling, 67, 94 Gabrieli, Andrea, 392
Erikson, Robert mutes, 94 Gambas. See Viols
Cardenitas, 249 played into timpano, 147 Garbage cans, 199-200
Euphonium. See Baritone horn student range, 480 Garklein recorder, 396-97, 399
EVI, 306 Flute, 24-33 Gedeckt (stop), 296
acoustics, 13-14 Gemshorn, 401, 402x
F Baroque, 403n organ stop, 297
Falsetto, 106x, 107x, 108, 109, double tonguing, 22 German bow (contrabass), 356
110 doubling, 20 German cavalry fingering,
notation, 110 in Es, 24 80-81
Feedback, 383, 384-85 glissando, 30-31 Gittern, 458
electric guitar, 342 harmonics, 29-30 See also Citole
Fiddle, 462, 469-71 microtones, 30 Glass chimes. See Windchimes
page position, 394 multiphonics, 31 Glissando, 31
Field drum, 153-56 organ stops, 292, 293n, 296, clarinet, 47
musical example, 136 297, 298 flute, 30-31
Filters, 373-74, 377 page position, 2 harp, 322, 325
Fingerboard, 312 Renaissance, 403-4 with tuning key, 323
Finger cymbals, 224x, 226-27, special effects, 31-32 horn, 75
233 student range, 479 keyboards, 262
musical example, 138 vessel, 253 lip, 75
Fingerhole horns, 426 whistle tones, 30 mallet instruments, 243
Fingering Fluttertongue, 22-23, 67 oboe, 38
brass, 65-66 Folk guitar, 326-27, 328, 330, piano interior, 273
German cavalry, 80-81 333, 336 recorder, 401
guitar, 313, 329-30 amplified, 342 saxophone, 51
electric, right hand, 343 Fontanelle, 405 timpani, 144
harp, 321 Foot cymbals. See Hi-hat trombone, 89-90
harmonics, 324 Forks (harp), 319 violin family, 366
keyboards, 257-58, 259 Formants, 102-4, 105x, 115, 374, natural harmonics, 365
organ, 299-300 386
INDEX
Glockenspiel, 238, 239x, 244-48 Renaissance, 460-62 Baroque, 448
bowing, 247-48 scordatura, 333 continuo, 393
keyboard, 256x, 262-64, 265 special effects, 335 fingering, 321
multi-mallet technique, 248 steel, 345 harmonics, 324
musical examples, 138, 139 student range, 481 maximum stretches, 321
sticks, 129, 130x, 132 tablature, 330-31, 453 glissando, 322, 325
student range, 481 technique, 327-30, 331-33 with tuning key, 323
Glottal fry. See Growl register twelve-string, 326-27, 328, 330, Gothic, 448-50
Goat bells. See Cencerros 333, 336 harmonics, 323-24
Goblet drums, 166 Guitar synthesizer, 306 Irish, 448-50
Gongs, 229-32 medieval, 448-50
acoustics, 119 H notation, 319-21, 322, 324
Chinese opera, xiv Half-pedaling page position, 2
mallet, 130-31 piano, 270 pedals, 318-21
musical examples, 136-38 vibraphone, 244-45 played with fingernails, 322
Gothic harp, 448-50 Half-valve technique, 69-70 prs de la table, 322
Gourd. See Cabasa; Giro; Hambone. See Body percussion sons touffes, 322
Maraca; Shekere; Water Hammering on, 332, 362 special effects, 322-25
gourd Hammerings, 161 student range, 481
Grand piano, 266-67 Hammers, 132-33, 197 tremolo, 323
Great bass recorder, 396-98, See also Slabs tuning, 318-19
399n, 400 Hand drums, 160, 162 vital statistics, 320
See also Contrabass recorder musical example, 137 See also Harmonica;
Great bass shawm, 405-7 Handel, George Frederick Vibraphone
Gregorian chant, 390-91 Music for the Royal Fireworks, Harpsichord, 256x, 389, 393,
Gross tierce (stop), 293 430 437-40
Growl register (vocal), 107x, 109 Hand instruments, 121, 128, 134 electric, 277
Giro, 184-86 Hands, clapping, 196 page position, 394
musical examples, 136-39 Harmonica, 257n, 279-83, 288 student range, 482
Guitar, 325-36 chromatic, 281-82 Harp stop (harpsichord), 439,
acoustic, 325-27 diatonic, 281 440
amplified, 342 marine band, 281 Harrison, Lou, 236, 450
articulation, 331-32 Harmonics, 5-6 Canticle No. 3, 253
Baroque, 460-62 artificial, 314 Fugue for Percussion, 193
barre, 329-30 banjo, 339 Western Gamelan, 247
bottlenecking, 334-35, 345 brasses, 63-64, 69-70 Hat (mute), 84
capo, 333 electric bass guitar, 344 Hautbois de Poitou, 414
classical, 325-26 flute, 29-30 Hawaiian guitar, 345
electric, 340-44 guitar, 333-34 Head (of a drum), 118
bass, 341x, 343-44 harp, 323-24 banjo, 337
fingering, 313, 329-30, 333, 343 marimba, 243-44 loading, 147
maximum stretches, 329 natural, 314 tension, 140
folk, 326-27, 328, 330, 333, 336 oboe, 38 Head voice. See Falsetto
harmonics, 333-34 pedal steel guitar, 348 Heckelphone, 3, 33-39, 61
Hawaiian, 345 piano, 272-73 harmonics, 38
interchangeable fingerboards, strings, 313-14 muting, 39
335 vibraphone, 248 special effects, 38, 39
medieval. See Citole violin family, 363, 364-66 Heinrich, Anthony Philip
microtones, 334-35 glissando, 365 Manitou Mysteries, 430-31
notation, 330-31 Harmonic series, 5-6 Henze, Hans Werner
page position, 2 Harmonium, 279n El Cimarrn, 219
pedal steel, 341x, 345-49 Harmon mute, 81-83, 94 The Raft of the Medusa, 430
picks, 328 Harp, 311, 318-25 Herd bells. See Almglocken
INDEX
High-pass filter, 373-74 musical examples, 137-38 Continuum, 437
Hi-hat, 224x, 227-29 Jawbone, 183 Linear controller, 375
musical examples, 138-39 musical examples, 137, 139 ondes martenot, 308
Hohlflte (stop), 296 Jaymar (toy pianos), 265 Lion's roar. See String drum
Hohner (clavinet), 277 Jazz, 23, 49, 84, 94 Lip gliss, 75
Honky-tonk piano, 274 drum set. See Traps Lip trill, 68
Horn, xiii, 64, 66, 67, 71-76 Jet, 359 Lira da braccio, 471-73
alto, 91-96 Jingles, 172, 173-74 page position, 394
baritone, xiv, 91-96 musical example, 137 Lira da gamba (lirone), 472-73
doubling, 67, 92-94 pellet bells, 178, 179 page position, 394
half-stopping, 75 Joy stick, 378 Lithophones, 239x, 248-49
multiphonics, 70 Live electronics, 384-86
mutes, 74-75 K Log drums. See Slit drums
stopping, 74-75 Kalimba, 215-18 Long drum, 153-56
page position, 2 musical examples, 139 musical example, 136
Paxman, 74 Ka-me-so, 175 Long-necked lute, 458
stopping, 74 Kazoo, 114 Lour, 359
half-stopping, 75 Kettledrums, 141 Low-pass filter, 373-74
mute, 74-75 small, 142x, 147-48 Lujon, 216x, 219
student range, 480 musical example, 137 musical example, 138
tenor. See Horn, alto See also Timpani Lute, 392-93, 452-58
valves, 64 Keyboard glockenspiel, 256x, Baroque, 453-56
Hurdy-gurdy, 256x, 472-76 262-64, 265 bass, 454-55
page position, 394 Keyboard idiophones, 262-65 long-necked, 458
Keyboard instruments, 1, 255-62 medieval, 457
I action, 265 page position, 394
Idiophones, 118 crossed hands, 259 tablature, 452-54, 456x
acoustics, 118-20 in early music, 391-93 treble, 454-55
bowing, 134 electromechanical, 275 Lute stop (harpsichord), 439, 440
dipping in water, 210n electronic, 275, 374-75 Lyra viol, 465-66
drum, 197-204 fingering, 257-58, 259 Lyre, 450-52
keyboard, 262-65 maximum stretches, 258 page position, 394
See also Mallet instruments glissando, 262 Lyricon, 306
mallets, 129, 130, 132 non-touch-sensitive, 256-57 Lysarden, 428
octave transpositions, 191 notation, 258-62
timpano as auxiliary resonator, page position, 1-2 M
147 tone clusters, 260-62 Machaut, Guillaume de
Indian drum, 153x, 157-58 touch-sensitive, 255-56 Messe de Notre Dame, 391
musical examples, 136-37 Keys, woodwind, 16-17 Magnetic pickup, 340, 385
Input, 369 swallowtail, 405 Major clarinet (stop), 297
Instrumentation of early music. Kinura (stop), 301 Mallet instruments, 119, 238-49
See Early music, instru- Knitting needles, 132 acoustics, 238
mentation of Kortholts, 413, 415x, 416x, 425 glissando, 243
Interference, acoustic, 9 page position, 394 mallets, 129-30
International Phonetic Alphabet, vital statistics, 416x musical examples, 137-39
99-102 technique, 241
IPA. See International Phonetic L multi-mallet, 242-43
Alphabet Larigot (stop), 293 Mallets, 121, 128-34
Irish harp, 448-50 Lassus, Roland de, 392 bass drum, 130, 131x
Leslie, 303 bell, 129, 130x
J Liebesfuss, 33, 35, 38 chimes, 131, 132x
Japanese temple bells, 210 Ligeti, Gyrgy, 9

INDEX
felt, 130-31 acoustics, 118, 119x, 120x Musical glasses. See Bells, glass
gong, 130-31 See also Drums Musical saw, 219-21
head of, 128 Messiaen, Olivier Musique concrte, 369n
marimba, 130x Couleurs de la cit cleste, 9, 213 Mussorgsky, Modest
multi-mallet technique Et exspecto resurrectionem Pictures at an Exhibition, 74,
chimes, 235-36 mortuorum, 93, 213 269
cimbalom, 316 Metal blocks. See Anvils; Mutations (organ stops), 294-95,
crotales, 234 Cencerros 296, 297
glockenspiel, 248 Metallophone, bass, 244-48 Mute
metal tubes, 237 Metal tubes, 235x, 236-37 Baroque, 431
vibraphone, 248 Mexican bean, 172, 173x, 175x, bassoon, 61
plastic, 130 176 bucket, 82x, 84
reversed, 131 musical examples, 137-38 buzz, 82x, 84
rubber, 129-30 Microphones, 384-85 cup, 82x, 84
snare sticks, 131, 132x Military drum. See Field drum harmon, 81-83
superball, 132x, 133-34 Miniprino recorder. See Gar- harpsichord, 439
timpani, 130-31 klein recorder hat, 84
wooden, 131, 132x Mixer, 369-70 horn, 74-75
triangle, 132x, 133 Mixtures (organ stops), 295-96, stopping, 74-75
used inside piano, 273-74 298 oboe, 38-39
vibraphone, 130x Mo ko, 208 piano, 272
wound, 129, 130x Mokubio, 209 plunger, 82x, 83-84
xylophone, 130x Mokugyos, 207-9 practice
Mandolin, 326x, 336-37 musical example, 137 trumpet, 81, 82x, 83
electric, 342 Moog (synthesizers), 370, 371x violin family, 364
maximum left-hand stretches, Motets, 391-93 saxophone, 51, 53
357x Mouthpiece solotone, 81, 82x, 83
Mandora, 458 brass, 66-67, 71 straight, 74, 81, 82x
Manuals (keyboard), 289-90 clarinet, 14-15, 48, 70-71 trombone, 89
organ, 289-91, 299 cornett, 426 trumpet, 81-85
Maraca, 172, 173x, 174-75, 176 saxophone, 14, 50, 70-71 violin family, 364
musical examples, 136-38 Mouth siren, 250x, 254 wawa, 83
Marimba, xiv, 238-44 musical examples, 136, 138 Whispa, 83
bowing, 244 Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus Mute cornett, 429
harmonics, 243-44 Abduction from the Seraglio, 436
musical examples, 137-39 Multi-mallet technique, 242-43 N
sticks, 130x chimes, 235-36 Nakers, 435-36
student range, 481 cimbalom, 316 Nasard (stop), 293
Marimbula, 215-19 crotales, 234 Natural harmonics, 314
musical examples, 137-38 glockenspiel, 248 guitar, 333
Mark tree, 180x, 182 metal tubes, 237 violin family, 364-65
Martellato, 359 vibraphone, 248 glissando, 365
Massed instruments, 8-9 Multiphonics, 20-22, 70 Nicolo shawm, 405
electronic stimulation, 386 bassoon, 61 Nightingale (stop), 298
Masses and mass movements, brasses, 70 See also Water whistle
391-93 clarinet, 47 Non-sustaining instruments, 7, 8,
Mbira. See Kalimba; Sansas cornett family, 428 9, 119, 120
Medicinale, 446x, 447 flute, 31 keyboards, 256
Megaphone, 114-15 oboe, 38 Non-touch-sensitive keyboards,
Melodica, 280x, 283-84, 288 saxophone, 51 256-57
Melotron, 256x, 302x, 304, 305 vocal, 114 Nut, 312
musical example, 307 Multiple (electronic), 369
Membranophones, 118 Multiple stops, 356, 362-63
INDEX
O stops, 292-98 resultant, 293, 295
Oboe, 16, 33-39 acuta, 296 rohrflte, 296, 298
doubling, 20 basset horn, 297 rohrnasat, 296
harmonics, 38 bassoon, 298 rohrquint, 296
muting, 38-39 bell clarinet, 297 salicional, 296
organ stop, 298 blockflte, 296 saxophone, 297n
page position, 2 bombarde, 297 septime, 293, 294, 299
played into timpano, 147 bourdon, 296 sesquialtera, 296
special effects, 38, 39 campana, 293n sifflte, 293n
student range, 479 castanets, 298 sordune, 424
Oboe d'amore, 33 clestes, 296-97, 298 spitzflte, 296
Ocarina, 250x, 253 chimes, 298 strings, 292, 296-97, 298
Octave divider, 386 clarinet, 297, 298 subquint, 293
Octave oboe (stop), 297 compound, 295, 296 superoctave, 293
Ondes martenot, 256x, 257, contra bassoon, 297 tenth, 293
306x, 307-10 contra bombarde, 297 terz, 293
Ophicleide, 430 contra diapason, 293 tibia, 296
Orchestra (musical examples), contra saxophone, 297n tibia clausa, 301
367 controls, 291-92 tierce, 293
Orchestra bells. See Glockenspiel cornet, 296 tuba, 297
Orchestral flute (organ stop), 296 cymbal, 296 twenty-ninth, 293-94
Orchestron, 304 diapason chorus, 293-94 twenty-second, 293
Orff, Carl diaphone, 290x, 297 unda maris, 297
Antigonae, 249 flue, 290x, 292 voix cleste, 297
Organ, 256, 257, 279, 289-301 flutes, 292, 293n, 296, 298 vox angelica, 296
bombarde division, 297 foundations, 292-95, 296n, vox humana, 297
celestial, 291 297, 298 vox mystica, 297
choir, 290-91 fourniture, 296 waldflte, 296
console, 289 gedeckt, 296 xylophone, 298
couplers, 291 gemshorn, 297 student range, 481
divisions, 290-91, 297 gross tierce, 293 swell, 290
early, 390-93, 443-45 history of, 443 theater, 301
echo, 291 hohlflte, 296 tremulant, 298
electric, 256x, 277, 301-4, 307 kinura, 301 Organistrum, 390-91, 473-76
fingering, 299-300 larigot, 293 Organum, 391
full, 292 major clarinet, 297 Orpharion, 457x, 460
great, 290, 293 mixtures, 295-96, 298 Oscillator, 371-73, 383
manuals, 289-91, 299 mutations, 294-95, 296, 297 Oscilloscope, 378
notation, 299-301 nasard, 293 Output, 369
pedal division, 290-91, 293 oboe, 298 Overbowing, 361
pedaling, 300-301 octave oboe, 297 Overtones. See Harmonics
pedals, 290 orchestral flute, 296
crescendo, 292 percussions, 298 P
swell, 290 piano, 298 Pad. See Practice pad
pipes, 290x, 292, 296 pitch of, 256, 291, 293-95 Pandora. See Bandora
pistons, 292 plein jeu, 296 Pane of glass, 197
portative, 443-45 prestant, 293 Panpipes, 390
positive, 443-45 principal, 293 Parade drum. See Field drum
regal, 443-45 quint, 293-94 Pardessus de viole, 463-65
registration, 293-94, 298, 299 quintadena, 296 Parlando singing, 114
solo, 291 reeds, 290x, 297, 298 Partch, Harry, 126, 335
special effects, 299 regal, 443

INDEX
Partials. See Harmonics rubbed sounds, 133 Piccolo recorder. See Garklein
Party buzzer. See Razzer thumb roll, 135 recorder
Patch (electronic), 371 page position, 1-2 Piccolo trumpet, 76-85
Paxman (horns), 74 pitch perception, 119 mutes, 85
Peau de buffle (stop), 439, 440 range and status of Piccolo woodblocks, 204-5
Pea whistle. See Referee's whistle instruments, 135 Picks, 328
Pedaling special effects, 134-35 finger, 328
harp, 319 Percussions (keyboard stops), flat, 328, 343, 362
organ, 300-301 298 guitar, 328
pedal steel guitar, 348 Performance synthesizer, 256x, thumb, 328
piano, 269-71 277, 302x, 304-7 Pickup, magnetic, 340, 385
vibraphone, 244-46 digital, 306-7 Pink-noise generator, 373
Pedals drum, 306, 307 Pipe organ. See Organ
harp, 318-21 guitar, 306 Pirouette, 405
harpsichord, 438, 440 pedal, 306 Pistons (organ), 292
organ, 290 polyphonic, 306 Pitch
crescendo, 292 Phaser (phase shifter), 377 of keyboard stops, 256
swell, 290 Phonemes, 98 organ, 291, 293-95
pedal steel guitar, 345-46 Phonetics, 97-102 names and notation, 4
piano, 268-69 alphabet, 99-102 perception of, 5
damper, 268, 269-71 Phonograph cartridge, 385 in percussion instruments,
soft, 268, 271 Physics. See Acoustics 119
sostenuto, 268, 271 Piano, 256x, 265-75 range of individual
wawa, 386 action, 267 instruments, 2-3
Pedal steel guitar, 341x, 345-49 articulation, 269-71 of brasses, 68
harmonics, 348 bowing, 273 of early instruments, 390
pedaling, 348 dampers, 268 of percussion, 135
Pedal synthesizer, 306 electric, 256x, 275-77, 279 students and amateurs,
Pegboard, pegbox, 312 grand, 267 479-82
Pellet bells, 178, 179 harmonics, 272-73 of voices, 106-7
Percussion, 118-39 interior, 271-74 Pizzicato, 361-62
acoustics, 118-21 lid, 271, 272 guitar, 332-33
arrays, 121-22, 123, 127-128 muting, 272 left hand, 361-62
bowing, 134 as organ stop, 298 snapped (vertical, Bartk), 333,
brushes, 132x, 133 pedals and pedaling, 268-71 362
doubling by non- prepared, 274 Plate (of wood, metal). See Slabs
percussionists, 124 quarter-tone, 275 Plateau-model woodwinds, 24
in early music, 391-92, 435-36 spinet, 267 clarinets, 46, 47
finger-style playing, 134-35 stringing, 267 flutes, 24, 30
notation, 165 student range, 481 oboes, 36x, 37x
keyboard. See Mallet instru- sympathetic resonance, 271 saxophones, 49
ments; Keyboard tack, 274 Plein jeu (stop), 296
idiophones toy, 256x, 263-65 Plosives, 98
mallets, 128-34 transcription, 269-70 Plunger mute, 82x, 83-84
reversed, 131 upright, 267, 268 Pod rattle. See Mexican bean
movement of players, 122-24 Piccolo, 24-33 Police whistle. See Referee's
multi-mallet technique, 242-43 glissando, 30-31 whistle; Signal whistle
musical examples, 136-39 harmonics, 29-30 Ponticello. See Sul ponticello
notation, 124-28 microtones, 30 Portamento, 31
bowing, 134 special effects, 31-32 on synthesizer, 374
damping, 141 student range, 479 Portative organ, 443-45
finger-style playing, 165 Piccolo clarinet, 40-48
roll, 125-26 special effects, 47-48
INDEX
Portato, 358-59 glass, 175-76 keyboards), 303
Positive organ, 443-45 gourd. See Maraca Rest stroke (guitar), 327
Potentiometer, 369 metal, 175-76 Resultant (stop), 293, 295
two-dimensional, 378 musical examples, 136-39 Reverb unit, 370, 374
three-dimensional, 378 pod. See Mexican bean ondes martenot, 309
Practice mute soft, 173x, 175x, 176 Ride cymbal. See Suspended
trumpet, 81, 82x, 83 string, 172, 178-79 cymbals
violin family, 364 wooden, 175-76 Riley, Terry
Practice pad, 193x, 196-97 Rauschpfeiffen, 392, 414-15, 417, A Rainbow in Curved Air, 167,
Prepared piano, 274 425 277
Prs de la table (harp), 322 page position, 394 Rim (of a drum), 140
Prestant (stop), 293 vital statistics, 417 playing on, 151-52
Principal (stop), 293 Ravel, Maurice Rim shot, 151-52, 155
Privileged frequencies, 80, 361, Bolero, 9 Ring modulator, 376-77
411 Pictures at an Exhibition (arr.), Rip, 31, 75
Provenal drum, 154 74, 270 kalimba, 218
musical example, 136 Razzer, 250-52 lip gliss (brass), 75
Psaltery, 446-48 Rebecs, 392, 462, 469-70 River stones. See Stones
page position, 394 page position, 394 Rods, 189-90
Pulling off, 332 Recorders, 395-401 musical example, 138
Pulse wave, 372 acoustics, 13-14 Rohrflte (stop), 296, 298
Punta d'arco. See Sulla punta medieval, 400 Rohrnasat (stop), 296
d'arco page position, 394 Rohrquint (stop), 296
Reco-reco, 186 Roldn, Amadeo
Q Reedcap, 410, 411, 414x Ritmicas Nos. 5 & 6, 219
Quadruple stop. See Multiple Reeds Roll, notation of, 125-26
stops beating, 279 Rote, 448
Quart bass. See Great bass electric piano, 275 Rototoms, 159x, 160-62
recorder free, 279, 282x musical example, 139
Quijada, 183 organ stops, 290x, 297 Ruff, 155n
musical examples, 137, 139 woodwind, 14, 15x, 16, 35, Russian bassoon, 430
Quint (stop), 293-94 70-71
Quinta, 162 Referee's whistle, 250-52 S
Quintadena (stop), 296 musical example, 139 Sackbutts, 392-93, 431-34
Regal, 393, 443-45 mute, 431, 434x
R Registers Salicional (stop), 296
Racketts, 418, 420-23, 425 accordion, 287-88 Saltando, 359
page position, 394 keyboard, 257 Sandblocks, 184x, 186
Rain stick, xiv vocal, 104-10 musical example, 138
Ramp wave, 372 chest, 105-8, 109, 110 vital statistics, 185x
Rank, 287 falsetto (head), 106x, 107x, Sansas, 215-19
Rasgueado, 328 108, 109, 110 musical example, 139
Rasps, 184-87 growl, 107x, 109 Saw, musical, 219-21
wood, glass, metal, 186 throat, 109 Sawtooth wave, 372
musical example, 137 whistle, 106x, 108-9, 110 Saxhorn. See Tuba
vital statistics, 185x woodwind, 18, 20 Saxophone, xiii, 16, 19, 49-54
Ratchets, 183, 184x Registration, 257 doubling, 20, 49
musical examples, 138-39 harpsichord, 440 muting, 51, 53
vital statistics, 185x organ, 293-94, 298, 299 organ stop, 297n
Rattles, 172-79 Renaissance flutes, 403-4 page position, 2
acoustics, 121 Renaissance guitar, 460-62 special effects, 50-51, 53
basket. See Rattles, soft Renaissance triangle, 435-36 student range, 480
cog. See Ratchets Repetitions (in electronic top tones, 49-50
INDEX
Scale (dimension), of wind Slapping body, 196 Sousaphone. See Contrabass tuba
instruments, 33, 43, 63 Slapstick, 187x, 188-89 Spatial locator, 377
Schoenberg, Arnold musical examples, 136 Speaking, 113
Herzgewchse, 279n, 320 Slap-tongue, 23 Spiccato, 359
Kol Nidre, 222 Sledge hammer. See Hammers; Spinet, 440
Moses und Aron, 222 Slabs piano, 267
Variations, Op. 31, 222 Sleighbells, 173x, 177-78 Spinto, 110x
Schryari, 392, 414-15, 417, 425 musical examples, 136, 138-39 Spitzflte (stop), 296
page position, 394 Slide trumpet, 392, 431-34 Sprechstimme, 114
vital statistics, 417 mute, 431, 434x Spring coil. See Auto coil
Scordatura, 312 Slide whistle, 250x, 252 Square wave, 372
guitar, 333 musical example, 139 Squeak, 249-51
Score layout, 1-2, 102 Slit drums, 204x, 206 musical example, 139
early instruments, 394 Buddhist. See Mokugyos Stamping, 196
electronics, 370 musical examples, 137-39 Staple, 35
keyboards, 262 Snapped pizzicato, 362 Steel drums, 198x, 200-204
percussion, 126-28 guitar, 333 musical example, 138
Scruggs pegs (banjo), 339 Snapping fingers, 196 Steel guitar, 345
Sea stones. See Stones Snare drums, 152-56 Steinway (pianos), 266x, 271
Seeger, Pete in early music, 435 Stick. See Chapman stick
The Steel Drums of Kim Loy musical examples, 136, 138, Sticks. See Mallets; Rods
Wong, 202-3 139 Stockhausen, Karlheinz
Sel sync, 382 sticks, 131, 132x Kontakte, 199
Septime (stop), 293, 294, 299 technique, 155 Stimmung, 104
Sequencer, 376 Snares, 153 Stone chimes. See Lithophones
Serpent, 393, 426-31 Soft pedal, 268, 271 Stones, 193-94
upright, 430 Soft rattle, 173x, 175x, 176 musical examples, 138-39
Sesquialtera (stop), 296 musical example, 137 Stopped pipe, 14-16
Shatter glass, 197 Softwood planks, 193x, 195-96 Stopping mute (horn), 74-75
Shawms, 392-93, 405-9, 425 musical example, 137 Stops, 256-57
page position, 394 Solotone mute, 81, 82x, 83, 94 harpsichord, 438-39
Sheep bells. See Cencerros Sons touffes (harp), 322 bassoon, 440
Sheet (of wood, metal). See Slabs; Sopranino clarinet. See Es clarinet buff, 439, 440
Thundersheet Sopranino recorder, 396-97, harp, 439, 440
Shekere, 172, 173x, 176-77 400-401 lute, 439, 440
Shell (of a drum), 118 student range, 482 peau de buffle, 439, 440
rim, 140 Sopranino saxophone, xiii, 49n organ, 256, 292-98, 443
Shell chimes. See Windchimes Sopranino shawm, 405-7 acuta, 296
Short octave, 439n Soprano. See Soprano voice basset horn, 297
Side drum. See Snare drums Soprano recorder, 396-97, bassoon, 298
Sifflte (stop), 293n 400-401 bell clarinet, 297
Signal whistle, 250-52 student range, 482 blockflte, 296
Sine wave, 372 Soprano sackbutt, 432-33 bombarde, 297
Singing. See Voices Soprano saxhorn. See Flgelhorn bourdon, 296
Siren, 250x, 253-54 Soprano saxophone, 49-54 campana, 293n
mouth, 250x, 254 played into timpano, 147 castanets, 298
musical examples, 136, 138 Soprano shawm, 405-8 clestes, 296-97, 298
Sistrum, 172-74 Soprano voice, 109, 110 chimes, 298
musical examples, 137-39 Sordunes, 424-25 clarinet, 297, 298
Sizzle cymbal, 223-25 page position, 394 compound, 295, 296
musical examples, 138-39 Sostenuto pedal, 268, 271 contra bassoon, 297
Slabs (of wood, metal), 196-97 Soundboard, 311 contra bombarde, 297
musical examples, 136, 138 contra diapason, 293
INDEX
Stops, organ (continued ) tibia clausa, 301 Suspended cymbals, 223-26
contra saxophone, 297n tierce, 293 musical examples, 136-39
controls, 291-92 tremulant, 298 sizzle cymbal, 223-25
cornet, 296 tuba, 297 Sustaining instruments, 7, 8, 9
cymbal, 296 twenty-ninth, 293-94 keyboards, 256
diapason chorus, 293-94 twenty-second, 293 Swallowtail keys, 405
diaphone, 290x, 297 unda maris, 297 Swanee-whistle. See Slide whistle
flue, 290x, 292 voix cleste, 297 Sweet potato. See Ocarina
flutes, 292, 293n, 296, 298 vox angelica, 296 Swell box/pedal/shoe, 290
foundations, 292-95, 296n, vox humana, 297 Switch, 132x, 133
297, 298 vox mystica, 297 Symphonia, 473-76
fourniture, 296 waldflte, 296 Synthesizer, 370-78
gedeckt, 296 xylophone, 298 digital, 306-7, 380
gemshorn, 297 See also Multiple stops drum, 306, 307
gross tierce, 293 Straight mute, 74, 81, 94 duophonic, 375
history of, 443 Strauss, Richard guitar, 306
hohlflte, 296 wind sonatinas, 61 keyboard range, 374
kinura, 301 Stravinsky, Igor pedal, 306
larigot, 293 Le Sacre du printemps, 75, 94n performance-type, 256x, 277,
major clarinet, 297 String(s) 302x, 304-7
mixtures, 295-96, 298 acoustics, 5, 311-12 polyphonic, 306
mutations, 294-95, 296, 297 courses, 315 For list of components see
nasard, 293 harmonics, 313-14 Voltage control
oboe, 298 organ stops, 292, 296-97, 298
octave oboe, 297 piano, 267 T
orchestral flute, 296 direct manipulation of, Tabla, 142x, 148
percussions, 298 272-73 Arabic. See Dumbegs
piano, 298 stopping of, 312-13 musical example, 137
pitch of, 256, 291, 293-95 String bass. See Contrabass Tablature
plein jeu, 296 String drum, 169-70 guitar, 330-31, 453
prestant, 293 musical examples, 136, 139 lute, 452-54, 456x
principal, 293 String instruments, 8, 311-14 Spanish, 453
quint, 293-94 acoustics, 5, 311-12 Tabor, 154, 436
quintadena, 296 fingering, 312-13 musical example, 136
reeds, 290x, 297, 298 harmonics, 313-14 Tabor pipe, 401-2
regal, 443 page position, 1-2 Tack piano, 274
resultant, 293, 295 scordatura, 312 Talking drum, xiv
rohrflte, 296, 298 shifts, 313 Tallone, al, 360
rohrnasat, 296 structure, 312 Tambour, 335
rohrquint, 296 See also Bowed strings on kalimba, 218
salicional, 296 String rattles, 172, 173x, 178-79 Tambourine, 158-60
saxophone, 297n musical example, 137 headless, 174
septime, 293, 294, 299 Strisciato, 227 musical examples, 136-39
sesquialtera, 296 Studio synthesizer. See See also Timbrel
sifflte, 293n Synthesizer Tambourin provenal, 154
sordune, 424 Subquint (stop), 293 in early music, 436
spitzflte, 296 Sulla punta d'arco, 360 musical example, 136
strings, 292, 296-97, 298 Sul ponticello, 333 Tam-tams, 229-32
subquint, 293 violin family, 360 as auxiliary resonator, 232
superoctave, 293 Sul tasto, 333 musical examples, 136-39
tenth, 293 violin family, 360 Tangent, 278
terz, 293 Superball stick, 132x, 133-34 Tap-a-tap, 189
tibia, 296 Superoctave (stop), 293 Tape deck, 381-84
INDEX
Tape loop, 384 Tibetan prayer stones. See Stones Trigger (electronic), 374-75
Tape manipulation, 380, 382-84 Tibia (stop), 296 Triple horn, 74
Tape music, 369n, 370, 381, 382, Tibia clausa (stop), 301 Triple stop. See Multiple stops
384 Tierce (stop), 293 Tromba marina, 390
computer-generated, 380 Timbales, 149x, 152 Trombone, 64, 85-90
musical examples, 386 musical examples, 137-38 doubling, 67, 78x
Tastiera, sulla. See Sul tasto Timbrel, 435-36 glissando, 89-90
Tasto. See Sul tasto Timing pulse generator, 376 mutes, 89
Temple bells, 210 Timpani, 141-47 page position, 2
musical examples, 137-38 acoustics, 119-20, 144 student range, 480
Temple blocks, 207-8 chords, 145-46 valve trombone, 80
musical examples, 137-39 in early music, 435 See also Sackbutts
Temple gongs, 210 finger-style playing, 146-47 Trombonium, 80
musical examples, 137-38 glissando, 144 Trumpet, 64, 65, 66, 76-85
Tenor. See Tenor voice mechanism, 142 doubling, 67, 94
Tenor banjo. See Banjo musical examples, 136-38 German cavalry fingering,
Tenor cornett, 426-31 special effects, 147 80-81
Tenor drum, 153x, 156, 157 sticks, 130-31, 146 hand muffling, 81, 84
in early music, 435 student range, 481 mutes, 81-85, 431
musical examples, 136 technique, 144-46 page position, 2
See also Field drum tuning, 142-44 pedal tones, 80, 82
Tenor horn. See Alto horn vital statistics, 143x played into timpano, 147
Tenor oboe, 33 Tin cans, 199-200 special effects, 81
Tenor recorder, 396-98, 400-401 Tomtoms, 149-52 student ranges, 480
student range, 482 musical examples, 137-39 valves, 64
Tenor sackbutt, 432-34 rim shot, 151-52 See also Slide trumpet
Tenor saxhorn. See Baritone horn sticks, 151 Tuba, 66, 91-96
Tenor saxophone, 49-54 vital statistics, 150x doubling, 67, 88
Tenor shawm, 405-9 wooden-headed, see mutes, 94
Tenor trombone, 87-88 Wood plate drums organ stop, 297
Tenor trumpet, 76-85 See also Indian drums page position, 2
mutes, 85 Tone clusters, 260-62 student range, 481
Tenor tuba. See Baritone horn accordion left hand, 287 Wagner, 92-93
Tenor viol, 463-66 harpsichord, 439 Tubaphone, 236
Tenor voice, 110 organ pedals, 300 Tuben, 93
Tenth (stop), 293 Touch-sensitive keyboards, Tubes, metal, 235x, 236-37
Terz (stop), 293 255-56 Tubular bells. See Chimes
Text underlay, 102 Toy piano, 256x, 263-65 Tudor, David
Theater organ, 301 Transcription, 255n, 269-70 Rain Forest, 385
Theatrum Instrumentorum Transducer, 385 Tumba, 162
(sordunes), 424x, 425 Transposing instruments, 19, 66 Tuning key glissando (harp), 323
Theorbo, 453-56 Traps, 122, 123x, 156, 157, 225, Turkish cymbals, 223
musical example, 458 227 Twelve-string guitar, 326-27, 328,
Theorboed lute, 453-56 Treble kalimba, 217 330, 333, 336
Throat mike, 385 Treble recorder. See Alto recorder electric, 342, 344
Throat register (vocal), 109 Treble viol, 463-66 Twenty-ninth (stop), 293-94
Thumb piano. See Kalimba; Tremolo arm. See Wiggle bar Twenty-second (stop), 293
Sansas Tremulant, 298
Thumb pick, 328 Triangle, 189x, 190-91 U
Thumb positions, 356 beater. 132x, 133 Ukulele, 336n
Thumb roll, 135, 159 musical examples, 136-39 Una corda, 271
Thundersheet, 220x, 222-23 Renaissance, 435-36 Unda maris, 297
musical examples, 137-39 Triangle wave, 372 Underbowing, 361
INDEX
Upbow, 356-58 notation, 363 parlando, 114
Upright piano, 267, 268 glissando, 366 phonetics, 97-102
in natural harmonics, 365 pitch placement, 112-13
V harmonics, 363, 364-66 registers, 104-10
Valve flutter, 71 artificial, 365-66 singing into snare drum, 156
Valves (brass instruments), glissando, 365 special effects, 114-15
64-66, 87, 93 multiple stops, 362-63 Sprechstimme, 114
Valve smear, 75 mutes, 364 text underlay, 102
Valve trombone, 80 pizzicato, 361-62 trill, 111
Varse, Edgard student range, 482 types, 109-10
Dserts, 197, 209 Viola da gamba, 462-66 vibrato, 111-12
Intgrales, 90 Viola d'amore, 466-68 women's, 103, 105-6, 108-10
Ionisation, 254 page position, 394 Voix cleste (stop), 297
VCA, 373 Violin, 351-67 Voltage control, 369
VCO, 372-73 bowing, 356-61, 362-63 amplifier, 373
Vertical pizzicato, 362 articulation, 356-60 envelope follower, 377
guitar, 333 bariolage, 363 envelope generator, 375
Vessel flutes, 253 special effects, 361 filters, 373
Vibraharp. See Vibraphone timbre, 360 frequency follower, 377
Vibraphone, 239x, 244-48 doubling, 351 keyboard, 374-75
bent tones, 248 fingering, 313, 355-56 linear controller, 375
bowing, 247-48 maximum stretches, 357x oscillator, 371-73, 383
harmonics, 248 notation, 363 sequencer, 376
motor, 246, 247x glissando, 366 tape deck, speed of, 383
multi-mallet technique, 248 in natural harmonics, 365 Vowels, 98
musical examples, 137-39 harmonics, 363, 364-66 formants, 102-4, 105x
pedaling, 244-46 artificial, 365-66 imitated with plunger mute, 83
sticks, 130x glissando, 365 nasal, 104
student range, 481 multiple stops, 362-63 phonetic notation of, 99-100,
Vibraslap, 182-83, 184x mutes, 364 103x
musical examples, 137, 139 origins, 469, 472 Vox angelica (stop), 296
Vibrato pizzicato, 361-62 Vox humana (stop), 297
bassoon, 59 student range, 481 Vox mystica (stop), 297
brasses, 68 Violoncello. See Cello
clarinet, 46 Violone da gamba, 462-66 W
clavichord, 442 Viols, 392-93, 462-66 Wagner tuba, 92-93
electronic, 385 division, 465-66 Waldflte (stop), 296
flute, 26 lyra, 465-66 Waldteufel, 170
oboe, 38 page position, 394 musical example, 139
saxophone, 49 Virginal, 440 Washboard, 184x, 186
vibraphone, 246 Vitriphone, 248n musical example, 139
vocal, 111-12 Vocoder, 377 vital statistics, 185x
whistling, 116 Voice box, 386 Wastepaper baskets, 199-200
Vihuela, 460-62 Voices, 8, 97-115, 115-17 Water gong, 232
Viola, 351-67 acoustics, 102-9, 114 musical example, 137
bowing, 356-61, 362-63 breaking, 108n Water gourd, 198x, 204
articulation, 356-60 children's, 103, 105-8, 111-12 musical example, 136
bariolage, 363 in early music, 390-93 Water whistle, 250-52
special effects, 361 inhaled singing, 111, 114 Waveforms, electronic, 372
timbre, 360 men's, 105-108, 109-10, 111 clipper, 377
doubling, 351 multiphonics, 114 computer-generated, 379
fingering, 355-56 notation, 102, 104x Wawamute, 83
maximum stretches, 357x page position, 2, 102 Wawa pedal, 386
INDEX
Weill, Kurt Wire brush, 132x, 133 quarter-tones, 19
Dreigroschenoper, 345 Wobble-board, 222 reeds, 14, 15x, 16
Whip. See Slapstick Wolff, Christian, 284 registers, 18, 20
Whispa mute, 83 Wood (sordunes), 424-25 slap-tongue, 23
Whistle register (vocal), 106x, Woodblocks, 204-5 special timbres, 20-22
108-9 musical examples, 136-39 synthesizer. See Lyricon
notation, 110 See also Softwood planks transposing, 19
Whistles, 250-52 Wood chimes. See Windchimes
bird. See Whistles, water Wood drums. See Mokugyos; X
musical examples, 136, 139 Slit drums; Wood plate Xenakis, Iannis
pea. See Whistles, referee's drums Akrata, 61
police. See Whistles, referee's; Wooden fish. See Mokugyos Xylophone, 238-44
Whistles, signal Wood plate drums, 197-99 bowing, 244
referee's, 250-52 Woodwinds, 8, 13-24 musical examples, 137-39
signal, 250-52 acoustics, 13-16, 18 as organ stop, 298
slide, 250x, 252 articulation, 22-23 sticks, 130x
water, 250-52 bore, 14-16 student range, 481
Whistle tones (flute), 30 double-tonguing, 22 Xylorimba, 240-41
Whistling, 115-17 doubling, 19-20 musical example, 137
White-noise generator, 373 early, 395-96, 403, 425
Wiggle bar, 340 fingering, 16-19, 389 Z
Windchimes, 172, 179-82 fluttertongue, 22-23 Zappa, Frank
acoustics, 121 humming into, 23 Uncle Meat, 386
made of triangles, 191 keys, 16-17 Zither family, 315, 447
musical examples, 137-39 large groups, 62
Wind machine, 249-51 multiphonics, 20-22
musical example, 136 page position, 1-2

INDEX

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