INDEX - Handbook of Instrumentation by Andres Stiller
INDEX - Handbook of Instrumentation by Andres Stiller
Where there is more than one entry under a given heading, the main or defining entry for the term is shown in
bold-face type. An x following the page number indicates a reference to a Figure.
INDEX
felt, 130-31 acoustics, 118, 119x, 120x Musical glasses. See Bells, glass
gong, 130-31 See also Drums Musical saw, 219-21
head of, 128 Messiaen, Olivier Musique concrte, 369n
marimba, 130x Couleurs de la cit cleste, 9, 213 Mussorgsky, Modest
multi-mallet technique Et exspecto resurrectionem Pictures at an Exhibition, 74,
chimes, 235-36 mortuorum, 93, 213 269
cimbalom, 316 Metal blocks. See Anvils; Mutations (organ stops), 294-95,
crotales, 234 Cencerros 296, 297
glockenspiel, 248 Metallophone, bass, 244-48 Mute
metal tubes, 237 Metal tubes, 235x, 236-37 Baroque, 431
vibraphone, 248 Mexican bean, 172, 173x, 175x, bassoon, 61
plastic, 130 176 bucket, 82x, 84
reversed, 131 musical examples, 137-38 buzz, 82x, 84
rubber, 129-30 Microphones, 384-85 cup, 82x, 84
snare sticks, 131, 132x Military drum. See Field drum harmon, 81-83
superball, 132x, 133-34 Miniprino recorder. See Gar- harpsichord, 439
timpani, 130-31 klein recorder hat, 84
wooden, 131, 132x Mixer, 369-70 horn, 74-75
triangle, 132x, 133 Mixtures (organ stops), 295-96, stopping, 74-75
used inside piano, 273-74 298 oboe, 38-39
vibraphone, 130x Mo ko, 208 piano, 272
wound, 129, 130x Mokubio, 209 plunger, 82x, 83-84
xylophone, 130x Mokugyos, 207-9 practice
Mandolin, 326x, 336-37 musical example, 137 trumpet, 81, 82x, 83
electric, 342 Moog (synthesizers), 370, 371x violin family, 364
maximum left-hand stretches, Motets, 391-93 saxophone, 51, 53
357x Mouthpiece solotone, 81, 82x, 83
Mandora, 458 brass, 66-67, 71 straight, 74, 81, 82x
Manuals (keyboard), 289-90 clarinet, 14-15, 48, 70-71 trombone, 89
organ, 289-91, 299 cornett, 426 trumpet, 81-85
Maraca, 172, 173x, 174-75, 176 saxophone, 14, 50, 70-71 violin family, 364
musical examples, 136-38 Mouth siren, 250x, 254 wawa, 83
Marimba, xiv, 238-44 musical examples, 136, 138 Whispa, 83
bowing, 244 Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus Mute cornett, 429
harmonics, 243-44 Abduction from the Seraglio, 436
musical examples, 137-39 Multi-mallet technique, 242-43 N
sticks, 130x chimes, 235-36 Nakers, 435-36
student range, 481 cimbalom, 316 Nasard (stop), 293
Marimbula, 215-19 crotales, 234 Natural harmonics, 314
musical examples, 137-38 glockenspiel, 248 guitar, 333
Mark tree, 180x, 182 metal tubes, 237 violin family, 364-65
Martellato, 359 vibraphone, 248 glissando, 365
Massed instruments, 8-9 Multiphonics, 20-22, 70 Nicolo shawm, 405
electronic stimulation, 386 bassoon, 61 Nightingale (stop), 298
Masses and mass movements, brasses, 70 See also Water whistle
391-93 clarinet, 47 Non-sustaining instruments, 7, 8,
Mbira. See Kalimba; Sansas cornett family, 428 9, 119, 120
Medicinale, 446x, 447 flute, 31 keyboards, 256
Megaphone, 114-15 oboe, 38 Non-touch-sensitive keyboards,
Melodica, 280x, 283-84, 288 saxophone, 51 256-57
Melotron, 256x, 302x, 304, 305 vocal, 114 Nut, 312
musical example, 307 Multiple (electronic), 369
Membranophones, 118 Multiple stops, 356, 362-63
INDEX
O stops, 292-98 resultant, 293, 295
Oboe, 16, 33-39 acuta, 296 rohrflte, 296, 298
doubling, 20 basset horn, 297 rohrnasat, 296
harmonics, 38 bassoon, 298 rohrquint, 296
muting, 38-39 bell clarinet, 297 salicional, 296
organ stop, 298 blockflte, 296 saxophone, 297n
page position, 2 bombarde, 297 septime, 293, 294, 299
played into timpano, 147 bourdon, 296 sesquialtera, 296
special effects, 38, 39 campana, 293n sifflte, 293n
student range, 479 castanets, 298 sordune, 424
Oboe d'amore, 33 clestes, 296-97, 298 spitzflte, 296
Ocarina, 250x, 253 chimes, 298 strings, 292, 296-97, 298
Octave divider, 386 clarinet, 297, 298 subquint, 293
Octave oboe (stop), 297 compound, 295, 296 superoctave, 293
Ondes martenot, 256x, 257, contra bassoon, 297 tenth, 293
306x, 307-10 contra bombarde, 297 terz, 293
Ophicleide, 430 contra diapason, 293 tibia, 296
Orchestra (musical examples), contra saxophone, 297n tibia clausa, 301
367 controls, 291-92 tierce, 293
Orchestra bells. See Glockenspiel cornet, 296 tuba, 297
Orchestral flute (organ stop), 296 cymbal, 296 twenty-ninth, 293-94
Orchestron, 304 diapason chorus, 293-94 twenty-second, 293
Orff, Carl diaphone, 290x, 297 unda maris, 297
Antigonae, 249 flue, 290x, 292 voix cleste, 297
Organ, 256, 257, 279, 289-301 flutes, 292, 293n, 296, 298 vox angelica, 296
bombarde division, 297 foundations, 292-95, 296n, vox humana, 297
celestial, 291 297, 298 vox mystica, 297
choir, 290-91 fourniture, 296 waldflte, 296
console, 289 gedeckt, 296 xylophone, 298
couplers, 291 gemshorn, 297 student range, 481
divisions, 290-91, 297 gross tierce, 293 swell, 290
early, 390-93, 443-45 history of, 443 theater, 301
echo, 291 hohlflte, 296 tremulant, 298
electric, 256x, 277, 301-4, 307 kinura, 301 Organistrum, 390-91, 473-76
fingering, 299-300 larigot, 293 Organum, 391
full, 292 major clarinet, 297 Orpharion, 457x, 460
great, 290, 293 mixtures, 295-96, 298 Oscillator, 371-73, 383
manuals, 289-91, 299 mutations, 294-95, 296, 297 Oscilloscope, 378
notation, 299-301 nasard, 293 Output, 369
pedal division, 290-91, 293 oboe, 298 Overbowing, 361
pedaling, 300-301 octave oboe, 297 Overtones. See Harmonics
pedals, 290 orchestral flute, 296
crescendo, 292 percussions, 298 P
swell, 290 piano, 298 Pad. See Practice pad
pipes, 290x, 292, 296 pitch of, 256, 291, 293-95 Pandora. See Bandora
pistons, 292 plein jeu, 296 Pane of glass, 197
portative, 443-45 prestant, 293 Panpipes, 390
positive, 443-45 principal, 293 Parade drum. See Field drum
regal, 443-45 quint, 293-94 Pardessus de viole, 463-65
registration, 293-94, 298, 299 quintadena, 296 Parlando singing, 114
solo, 291 reeds, 290x, 297, 298 Partch, Harry, 126, 335
special effects, 299 regal, 443
INDEX
Partials. See Harmonics rubbed sounds, 133 Piccolo recorder. See Garklein
Party buzzer. See Razzer thumb roll, 135 recorder
Patch (electronic), 371 page position, 1-2 Piccolo trumpet, 76-85
Paxman (horns), 74 pitch perception, 119 mutes, 85
Peau de buffle (stop), 439, 440 range and status of Piccolo woodblocks, 204-5
Pea whistle. See Referee's whistle instruments, 135 Picks, 328
Pedaling special effects, 134-35 finger, 328
harp, 319 Percussions (keyboard stops), flat, 328, 343, 362
organ, 300-301 298 guitar, 328
pedal steel guitar, 348 Performance synthesizer, 256x, thumb, 328
piano, 269-71 277, 302x, 304-7 Pickup, magnetic, 340, 385
vibraphone, 244-46 digital, 306-7 Pink-noise generator, 373
Pedals drum, 306, 307 Pipe organ. See Organ
harp, 318-21 guitar, 306 Pirouette, 405
harpsichord, 438, 440 pedal, 306 Pistons (organ), 292
organ, 290 polyphonic, 306 Pitch
crescendo, 292 Phaser (phase shifter), 377 of keyboard stops, 256
swell, 290 Phonemes, 98 organ, 291, 293-95
pedal steel guitar, 345-46 Phonetics, 97-102 names and notation, 4
piano, 268-69 alphabet, 99-102 perception of, 5
damper, 268, 269-71 Phonograph cartridge, 385 in percussion instruments,
soft, 268, 271 Physics. See Acoustics 119
sostenuto, 268, 271 Piano, 256x, 265-75 range of individual
wawa, 386 action, 267 instruments, 2-3
Pedal steel guitar, 341x, 345-49 articulation, 269-71 of brasses, 68
harmonics, 348 bowing, 273 of early instruments, 390
pedaling, 348 dampers, 268 of percussion, 135
Pedal synthesizer, 306 electric, 256x, 275-77, 279 students and amateurs,
Pegboard, pegbox, 312 grand, 267 479-82
Pellet bells, 178, 179 harmonics, 272-73 of voices, 106-7
Percussion, 118-39 interior, 271-74 Pizzicato, 361-62
acoustics, 118-21 lid, 271, 272 guitar, 332-33
arrays, 121-22, 123, 127-128 muting, 272 left hand, 361-62
bowing, 134 as organ stop, 298 snapped (vertical, Bartk), 333,
brushes, 132x, 133 pedals and pedaling, 268-71 362
doubling by non- prepared, 274 Plate (of wood, metal). See Slabs
percussionists, 124 quarter-tone, 275 Plateau-model woodwinds, 24
in early music, 391-92, 435-36 spinet, 267 clarinets, 46, 47
finger-style playing, 134-35 stringing, 267 flutes, 24, 30
notation, 165 student range, 481 oboes, 36x, 37x
keyboard. See Mallet instru- sympathetic resonance, 271 saxophones, 49
ments; Keyboard tack, 274 Plein jeu (stop), 296
idiophones toy, 256x, 263-65 Plosives, 98
mallets, 128-34 transcription, 269-70 Plunger mute, 82x, 83-84
reversed, 131 upright, 267, 268 Pod rattle. See Mexican bean
movement of players, 122-24 Piccolo, 24-33 Police whistle. See Referee's
multi-mallet technique, 242-43 glissando, 30-31 whistle; Signal whistle
musical examples, 136-39 harmonics, 29-30 Ponticello. See Sul ponticello
notation, 124-28 microtones, 30 Portamento, 31
bowing, 134 special effects, 31-32 on synthesizer, 374
damping, 141 student range, 479 Portative organ, 443-45
finger-style playing, 165 Piccolo clarinet, 40-48
roll, 125-26 special effects, 47-48
INDEX
Portato, 358-59 glass, 175-76 keyboards), 303
Positive organ, 443-45 gourd. See Maraca Rest stroke (guitar), 327
Potentiometer, 369 metal, 175-76 Resultant (stop), 293, 295
two-dimensional, 378 musical examples, 136-39 Reverb unit, 370, 374
three-dimensional, 378 pod. See Mexican bean ondes martenot, 309
Practice mute soft, 173x, 175x, 176 Ride cymbal. See Suspended
trumpet, 81, 82x, 83 string, 172, 178-79 cymbals
violin family, 364 wooden, 175-76 Riley, Terry
Practice pad, 193x, 196-97 Rauschpfeiffen, 392, 414-15, 417, A Rainbow in Curved Air, 167,
Prepared piano, 274 425 277
Prs de la table (harp), 322 page position, 394 Rim (of a drum), 140
Prestant (stop), 293 vital statistics, 417 playing on, 151-52
Principal (stop), 293 Ravel, Maurice Rim shot, 151-52, 155
Privileged frequencies, 80, 361, Bolero, 9 Ring modulator, 376-77
411 Pictures at an Exhibition (arr.), Rip, 31, 75
Provenal drum, 154 74, 270 kalimba, 218
musical example, 136 Razzer, 250-52 lip gliss (brass), 75
Psaltery, 446-48 Rebecs, 392, 462, 469-70 River stones. See Stones
page position, 394 page position, 394 Rods, 189-90
Pulling off, 332 Recorders, 395-401 musical example, 138
Pulse wave, 372 acoustics, 13-14 Rohrflte (stop), 296, 298
Punta d'arco. See Sulla punta medieval, 400 Rohrnasat (stop), 296
d'arco page position, 394 Rohrquint (stop), 296
Reco-reco, 186 Roldn, Amadeo
Q Reedcap, 410, 411, 414x Ritmicas Nos. 5 & 6, 219
Quadruple stop. See Multiple Reeds Roll, notation of, 125-26
stops beating, 279 Rote, 448
Quart bass. See Great bass electric piano, 275 Rototoms, 159x, 160-62
recorder free, 279, 282x musical example, 139
Quijada, 183 organ stops, 290x, 297 Ruff, 155n
musical examples, 137, 139 woodwind, 14, 15x, 16, 35, Russian bassoon, 430
Quint (stop), 293-94 70-71
Quinta, 162 Referee's whistle, 250-52 S
Quintadena (stop), 296 musical example, 139 Sackbutts, 392-93, 431-34
Regal, 393, 443-45 mute, 431, 434x
R Registers Salicional (stop), 296
Racketts, 418, 420-23, 425 accordion, 287-88 Saltando, 359
page position, 394 keyboard, 257 Sandblocks, 184x, 186
Rain stick, xiv vocal, 104-10 musical example, 138
Ramp wave, 372 chest, 105-8, 109, 110 vital statistics, 185x
Rank, 287 falsetto (head), 106x, 107x, Sansas, 215-19
Rasgueado, 328 108, 109, 110 musical example, 139
Rasps, 184-87 growl, 107x, 109 Saw, musical, 219-21
wood, glass, metal, 186 throat, 109 Sawtooth wave, 372
musical example, 137 whistle, 106x, 108-9, 110 Saxhorn. See Tuba
vital statistics, 185x woodwind, 18, 20 Saxophone, xiii, 16, 19, 49-54
Ratchets, 183, 184x Registration, 257 doubling, 20, 49
musical examples, 138-39 harpsichord, 440 muting, 51, 53
vital statistics, 185x organ, 293-94, 298, 299 organ stop, 297n
Rattles, 172-79 Renaissance flutes, 403-4 page position, 2
acoustics, 121 Renaissance guitar, 460-62 special effects, 50-51, 53
basket. See Rattles, soft Renaissance triangle, 435-36 student range, 480
cog. See Ratchets Repetitions (in electronic top tones, 49-50
INDEX
Scale (dimension), of wind Slapping body, 196 Sousaphone. See Contrabass tuba
instruments, 33, 43, 63 Slapstick, 187x, 188-89 Spatial locator, 377
Schoenberg, Arnold musical examples, 136 Speaking, 113
Herzgewchse, 279n, 320 Slap-tongue, 23 Spiccato, 359
Kol Nidre, 222 Sledge hammer. See Hammers; Spinet, 440
Moses und Aron, 222 Slabs piano, 267
Variations, Op. 31, 222 Sleighbells, 173x, 177-78 Spinto, 110x
Schryari, 392, 414-15, 417, 425 musical examples, 136, 138-39 Spitzflte (stop), 296
page position, 394 Slide trumpet, 392, 431-34 Sprechstimme, 114
vital statistics, 417 mute, 431, 434x Spring coil. See Auto coil
Scordatura, 312 Slide whistle, 250x, 252 Square wave, 372
guitar, 333 musical example, 139 Squeak, 249-51
Score layout, 1-2, 102 Slit drums, 204x, 206 musical example, 139
early instruments, 394 Buddhist. See Mokugyos Stamping, 196
electronics, 370 musical examples, 137-39 Staple, 35
keyboards, 262 Snapped pizzicato, 362 Steel drums, 198x, 200-204
percussion, 126-28 guitar, 333 musical example, 138
Scruggs pegs (banjo), 339 Snapping fingers, 196 Steel guitar, 345
Sea stones. See Stones Snare drums, 152-56 Steinway (pianos), 266x, 271
Seeger, Pete in early music, 435 Stick. See Chapman stick
The Steel Drums of Kim Loy musical examples, 136, 138, Sticks. See Mallets; Rods
Wong, 202-3 139 Stockhausen, Karlheinz
Sel sync, 382 sticks, 131, 132x Kontakte, 199
Septime (stop), 293, 294, 299 technique, 155 Stimmung, 104
Sequencer, 376 Snares, 153 Stone chimes. See Lithophones
Serpent, 393, 426-31 Soft pedal, 268, 271 Stones, 193-94
upright, 430 Soft rattle, 173x, 175x, 176 musical examples, 138-39
Sesquialtera (stop), 296 musical example, 137 Stopped pipe, 14-16
Shatter glass, 197 Softwood planks, 193x, 195-96 Stopping mute (horn), 74-75
Shawms, 392-93, 405-9, 425 musical example, 137 Stops, 256-57
page position, 394 Solotone mute, 81, 82x, 83, 94 harpsichord, 438-39
Sheep bells. See Cencerros Sons touffes (harp), 322 bassoon, 440
Sheet (of wood, metal). See Slabs; Sopranino clarinet. See Es clarinet buff, 439, 440
Thundersheet Sopranino recorder, 396-97, harp, 439, 440
Shekere, 172, 173x, 176-77 400-401 lute, 439, 440
Shell (of a drum), 118 student range, 482 peau de buffle, 439, 440
rim, 140 Sopranino saxophone, xiii, 49n organ, 256, 292-98, 443
Shell chimes. See Windchimes Sopranino shawm, 405-7 acuta, 296
Short octave, 439n Soprano. See Soprano voice basset horn, 297
Side drum. See Snare drums Soprano recorder, 396-97, bassoon, 298
Sifflte (stop), 293n 400-401 bell clarinet, 297
Signal whistle, 250-52 student range, 482 blockflte, 296
Sine wave, 372 Soprano sackbutt, 432-33 bombarde, 297
Singing. See Voices Soprano saxhorn. See Flgelhorn bourdon, 296
Siren, 250x, 253-54 Soprano saxophone, 49-54 campana, 293n
mouth, 250x, 254 played into timpano, 147 castanets, 298
musical examples, 136, 138 Soprano shawm, 405-8 clestes, 296-97, 298
Sistrum, 172-74 Soprano voice, 109, 110 chimes, 298
musical examples, 137-39 Sordunes, 424-25 clarinet, 297, 298
Sizzle cymbal, 223-25 page position, 394 compound, 295, 296
musical examples, 138-39 Sostenuto pedal, 268, 271 contra bassoon, 297
Slabs (of wood, metal), 196-97 Soundboard, 311 contra bombarde, 297
musical examples, 136, 138 contra diapason, 293
INDEX
Stops, organ (continued ) tibia clausa, 301 Suspended cymbals, 223-26
contra saxophone, 297n tierce, 293 musical examples, 136-39
controls, 291-92 tremulant, 298 sizzle cymbal, 223-25
cornet, 296 tuba, 297 Sustaining instruments, 7, 8, 9
cymbal, 296 twenty-ninth, 293-94 keyboards, 256
diapason chorus, 293-94 twenty-second, 293 Swallowtail keys, 405
diaphone, 290x, 297 unda maris, 297 Swanee-whistle. See Slide whistle
flue, 290x, 292 voix cleste, 297 Sweet potato. See Ocarina
flutes, 292, 293n, 296, 298 vox angelica, 296 Swell box/pedal/shoe, 290
foundations, 292-95, 296n, vox humana, 297 Switch, 132x, 133
297, 298 vox mystica, 297 Symphonia, 473-76
fourniture, 296 waldflte, 296 Synthesizer, 370-78
gedeckt, 296 xylophone, 298 digital, 306-7, 380
gemshorn, 297 See also Multiple stops drum, 306, 307
gross tierce, 293 Straight mute, 74, 81, 94 duophonic, 375
history of, 443 Strauss, Richard guitar, 306
hohlflte, 296 wind sonatinas, 61 keyboard range, 374
kinura, 301 Stravinsky, Igor pedal, 306
larigot, 293 Le Sacre du printemps, 75, 94n performance-type, 256x, 277,
major clarinet, 297 String(s) 302x, 304-7
mixtures, 295-96, 298 acoustics, 5, 311-12 polyphonic, 306
mutations, 294-95, 296, 297 courses, 315 For list of components see
nasard, 293 harmonics, 313-14 Voltage control
oboe, 298 organ stops, 292, 296-97, 298
octave oboe, 297 piano, 267 T
orchestral flute, 296 direct manipulation of, Tabla, 142x, 148
percussions, 298 272-73 Arabic. See Dumbegs
piano, 298 stopping of, 312-13 musical example, 137
pitch of, 256, 291, 293-95 String bass. See Contrabass Tablature
plein jeu, 296 String drum, 169-70 guitar, 330-31, 453
prestant, 293 musical examples, 136, 139 lute, 452-54, 456x
principal, 293 String instruments, 8, 311-14 Spanish, 453
quint, 293-94 acoustics, 5, 311-12 Tabor, 154, 436
quintadena, 296 fingering, 312-13 musical example, 136
reeds, 290x, 297, 298 harmonics, 313-14 Tabor pipe, 401-2
regal, 443 page position, 1-2 Tack piano, 274
resultant, 293, 295 scordatura, 312 Talking drum, xiv
rohrflte, 296, 298 shifts, 313 Tallone, al, 360
rohrnasat, 296 structure, 312 Tambour, 335
rohrquint, 296 See also Bowed strings on kalimba, 218
salicional, 296 String rattles, 172, 173x, 178-79 Tambourine, 158-60
saxophone, 297n musical example, 137 headless, 174
septime, 293, 294, 299 Strisciato, 227 musical examples, 136-39
sesquialtera, 296 Studio synthesizer. See See also Timbrel
sifflte, 293n Synthesizer Tambourin provenal, 154
sordune, 424 Subquint (stop), 293 in early music, 436
spitzflte, 296 Sulla punta d'arco, 360 musical example, 136
strings, 292, 296-97, 298 Sul ponticello, 333 Tam-tams, 229-32
subquint, 293 violin family, 360 as auxiliary resonator, 232
superoctave, 293 Sul tasto, 333 musical examples, 136-39
tenth, 293 violin family, 360 Tangent, 278
terz, 293 Superball stick, 132x, 133-34 Tap-a-tap, 189
tibia, 296 Superoctave (stop), 293 Tape deck, 381-84
INDEX
Tape loop, 384 Tibetan prayer stones. See Stones Trigger (electronic), 374-75
Tape manipulation, 380, 382-84 Tibia (stop), 296 Triple horn, 74
Tape music, 369n, 370, 381, 382, Tibia clausa (stop), 301 Triple stop. See Multiple stops
384 Tierce (stop), 293 Tromba marina, 390
computer-generated, 380 Timbales, 149x, 152 Trombone, 64, 85-90
musical examples, 386 musical examples, 137-38 doubling, 67, 78x
Tastiera, sulla. See Sul tasto Timbrel, 435-36 glissando, 89-90
Tasto. See Sul tasto Timing pulse generator, 376 mutes, 89
Temple bells, 210 Timpani, 141-47 page position, 2
musical examples, 137-38 acoustics, 119-20, 144 student range, 480
Temple blocks, 207-8 chords, 145-46 valve trombone, 80
musical examples, 137-39 in early music, 435 See also Sackbutts
Temple gongs, 210 finger-style playing, 146-47 Trombonium, 80
musical examples, 137-38 glissando, 144 Trumpet, 64, 65, 66, 76-85
Tenor. See Tenor voice mechanism, 142 doubling, 67, 94
Tenor banjo. See Banjo musical examples, 136-38 German cavalry fingering,
Tenor cornett, 426-31 special effects, 147 80-81
Tenor drum, 153x, 156, 157 sticks, 130-31, 146 hand muffling, 81, 84
in early music, 435 student range, 481 mutes, 81-85, 431
musical examples, 136 technique, 144-46 page position, 2
See also Field drum tuning, 142-44 pedal tones, 80, 82
Tenor horn. See Alto horn vital statistics, 143x played into timpano, 147
Tenor oboe, 33 Tin cans, 199-200 special effects, 81
Tenor recorder, 396-98, 400-401 Tomtoms, 149-52 student ranges, 480
student range, 482 musical examples, 137-39 valves, 64
Tenor sackbutt, 432-34 rim shot, 151-52 See also Slide trumpet
Tenor saxhorn. See Baritone horn sticks, 151 Tuba, 66, 91-96
Tenor saxophone, 49-54 vital statistics, 150x doubling, 67, 88
Tenor shawm, 405-9 wooden-headed, see mutes, 94
Tenor trombone, 87-88 Wood plate drums organ stop, 297
Tenor trumpet, 76-85 See also Indian drums page position, 2
mutes, 85 Tone clusters, 260-62 student range, 481
Tenor tuba. See Baritone horn accordion left hand, 287 Wagner, 92-93
Tenor viol, 463-66 harpsichord, 439 Tubaphone, 236
Tenor voice, 110 organ pedals, 300 Tuben, 93
Tenth (stop), 293 Touch-sensitive keyboards, Tubes, metal, 235x, 236-37
Terz (stop), 293 255-56 Tubular bells. See Chimes
Text underlay, 102 Toy piano, 256x, 263-65 Tudor, David
Theater organ, 301 Transcription, 255n, 269-70 Rain Forest, 385
Theatrum Instrumentorum Transducer, 385 Tumba, 162
(sordunes), 424x, 425 Transposing instruments, 19, 66 Tuning key glissando (harp), 323
Theorbo, 453-56 Traps, 122, 123x, 156, 157, 225, Turkish cymbals, 223
musical example, 458 227 Twelve-string guitar, 326-27, 328,
Theorboed lute, 453-56 Treble kalimba, 217 330, 333, 336
Throat mike, 385 Treble recorder. See Alto recorder electric, 342, 344
Throat register (vocal), 109 Treble viol, 463-66 Twenty-ninth (stop), 293-94
Thumb piano. See Kalimba; Tremolo arm. See Wiggle bar Twenty-second (stop), 293
Sansas Tremulant, 298
Thumb pick, 328 Triangle, 189x, 190-91 U
Thumb positions, 356 beater. 132x, 133 Ukulele, 336n
Thumb roll, 135, 159 musical examples, 136-39 Una corda, 271
Thundersheet, 220x, 222-23 Renaissance, 435-36 Unda maris, 297
musical examples, 137-39 Triangle wave, 372 Underbowing, 361
INDEX
Upbow, 356-58 notation, 363 parlando, 114
Upright piano, 267, 268 glissando, 366 phonetics, 97-102
in natural harmonics, 365 pitch placement, 112-13
V harmonics, 363, 364-66 registers, 104-10
Valve flutter, 71 artificial, 365-66 singing into snare drum, 156
Valves (brass instruments), glissando, 365 special effects, 114-15
64-66, 87, 93 multiple stops, 362-63 Sprechstimme, 114
Valve smear, 75 mutes, 364 text underlay, 102
Valve trombone, 80 pizzicato, 361-62 trill, 111
Varse, Edgard student range, 482 types, 109-10
Dserts, 197, 209 Viola da gamba, 462-66 vibrato, 111-12
Intgrales, 90 Viola d'amore, 466-68 women's, 103, 105-6, 108-10
Ionisation, 254 page position, 394 Voix cleste (stop), 297
VCA, 373 Violin, 351-67 Voltage control, 369
VCO, 372-73 bowing, 356-61, 362-63 amplifier, 373
Vertical pizzicato, 362 articulation, 356-60 envelope follower, 377
guitar, 333 bariolage, 363 envelope generator, 375
Vessel flutes, 253 special effects, 361 filters, 373
Vibraharp. See Vibraphone timbre, 360 frequency follower, 377
Vibraphone, 239x, 244-48 doubling, 351 keyboard, 374-75
bent tones, 248 fingering, 313, 355-56 linear controller, 375
bowing, 247-48 maximum stretches, 357x oscillator, 371-73, 383
harmonics, 248 notation, 363 sequencer, 376
motor, 246, 247x glissando, 366 tape deck, speed of, 383
multi-mallet technique, 248 in natural harmonics, 365 Vowels, 98
musical examples, 137-39 harmonics, 363, 364-66 formants, 102-4, 105x
pedaling, 244-46 artificial, 365-66 imitated with plunger mute, 83
sticks, 130x glissando, 365 nasal, 104
student range, 481 multiple stops, 362-63 phonetic notation of, 99-100,
Vibraslap, 182-83, 184x mutes, 364 103x
musical examples, 137, 139 origins, 469, 472 Vox angelica (stop), 296
Vibrato pizzicato, 361-62 Vox humana (stop), 297
bassoon, 59 student range, 481 Vox mystica (stop), 297
brasses, 68 Violoncello. See Cello
clarinet, 46 Violone da gamba, 462-66 W
clavichord, 442 Viols, 392-93, 462-66 Wagner tuba, 92-93
electronic, 385 division, 465-66 Waldflte (stop), 296
flute, 26 lyra, 465-66 Waldteufel, 170
oboe, 38 page position, 394 musical example, 139
saxophone, 49 Virginal, 440 Washboard, 184x, 186
vibraphone, 246 Vitriphone, 248n musical example, 139
vocal, 111-12 Vocoder, 377 vital statistics, 185x
whistling, 116 Voice box, 386 Wastepaper baskets, 199-200
Vihuela, 460-62 Voices, 8, 97-115, 115-17 Water gong, 232
Viola, 351-67 acoustics, 102-9, 114 musical example, 137
bowing, 356-61, 362-63 breaking, 108n Water gourd, 198x, 204
articulation, 356-60 children's, 103, 105-8, 111-12 musical example, 136
bariolage, 363 in early music, 390-93 Water whistle, 250-52
special effects, 361 inhaled singing, 111, 114 Waveforms, electronic, 372
timbre, 360 men's, 105-108, 109-10, 111 clipper, 377
doubling, 351 multiphonics, 114 computer-generated, 379
fingering, 355-56 notation, 102, 104x Wawamute, 83
maximum stretches, 357x page position, 2, 102 Wawa pedal, 386
INDEX
Weill, Kurt Wire brush, 132x, 133 quarter-tones, 19
Dreigroschenoper, 345 Wobble-board, 222 reeds, 14, 15x, 16
Whip. See Slapstick Wolff, Christian, 284 registers, 18, 20
Whispa mute, 83 Wood (sordunes), 424-25 slap-tongue, 23
Whistle register (vocal), 106x, Woodblocks, 204-5 special timbres, 20-22
108-9 musical examples, 136-39 synthesizer. See Lyricon
notation, 110 See also Softwood planks transposing, 19
Whistles, 250-52 Wood chimes. See Windchimes
bird. See Whistles, water Wood drums. See Mokugyos; X
musical examples, 136, 139 Slit drums; Wood plate Xenakis, Iannis
pea. See Whistles, referee's drums Akrata, 61
police. See Whistles, referee's; Wooden fish. See Mokugyos Xylophone, 238-44
Whistles, signal Wood plate drums, 197-99 bowing, 244
referee's, 250-52 Woodwinds, 8, 13-24 musical examples, 137-39
signal, 250-52 acoustics, 13-16, 18 as organ stop, 298
slide, 250x, 252 articulation, 22-23 sticks, 130x
water, 250-52 bore, 14-16 student range, 481
Whistle tones (flute), 30 double-tonguing, 22 Xylorimba, 240-41
Whistling, 115-17 doubling, 19-20 musical example, 137
White-noise generator, 373 early, 395-96, 403, 425
Wiggle bar, 340 fingering, 16-19, 389 Z
Windchimes, 172, 179-82 fluttertongue, 22-23 Zappa, Frank
acoustics, 121 humming into, 23 Uncle Meat, 386
made of triangles, 191 keys, 16-17 Zither family, 315, 447
musical examples, 137-39 large groups, 62
Wind machine, 249-51 multiphonics, 20-22
musical example, 136 page position, 1-2
INDEX