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Design of Mixing Basin

The document provides information on designing mixing basins and sedimentation tanks. It discusses design considerations like baffle type, velocity of flow between baffles, mixing period, distance between baffles, and calculations for determining depth and width of channels. It also includes an example problem showing calculations for determining the depth, number of channels, and overall length of a mixing basin given design parameters. Finally, it provides a worked example for designing a rectangular sedimentation tank to treat a daily flow of 2.4 million liters with a detention period of 3 hours.

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Shekh Muhsen Uddin Ahmed
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3K views

Design of Mixing Basin

The document provides information on designing mixing basins and sedimentation tanks. It discusses design considerations like baffle type, velocity of flow between baffles, mixing period, distance between baffles, and calculations for determining depth and width of channels. It also includes an example problem showing calculations for determining the depth, number of channels, and overall length of a mixing basin given design parameters. Finally, it provides a worked example for designing a rectangular sedimentation tank to treat a daily flow of 2.4 million liters with a detention period of 3 hours.

Uploaded by

Shekh Muhsen Uddin Ahmed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Design of Mixing Basin

Round end baffle.


Baffle Type
Over and under flow baffles

Mechanically agitated type basins.

Design of MBs
For baffle type MBs following points are to be noted. Based on conventional
practice.
1. Velocity of flow in the channels bet n baffles = 0.15-0.3 m/sec (0.5 to 1.0
ft/sec)
2. Mixing period or detention time = 20 to 50 mins.
3. Distance between baffles = 50 cm = 0.5 m (18 inches)
4. Required depth of channel for baffles of the round the end type may be
calculated from

X-Sectional area of each channel


Depth of channel =
Distance between baffles.
5. Required width of the channel for baffles of over and under type may be
calculated from.

X-Sectional area of each channel


Width of channel =
Distance between baffles.

P-26, M.A.Aziz Book Example.

A mixing basin with a round the end baffles is to treat 3mgd of raw water. The basin
is to be divided into two similar parts by longitudinal partition wall so that each half
will have a clear width of l0ft. What should be (a) the depth of the basin (b) the
number of channels and over all inside length of the tank?

Soln. Let us Assume, Distance betn baffles = 18 inch , Mixing period = 20


mins
Velocity of flow = 0.8 ft/sec
Clearance between end of each baffle and wall = 1.5 X
distance betn baffles.

Inlet
Outlet

Velocity of flow = 0.8 f/sec = 48 ft/min


(a) Total distance the water will travel = mixing period X Vel. of flow = 20 X 48 =
960 ft
Volume of water to be mixed with coagulant in each period of 20 mins.
3 X 106 X 20
= = 41670 gallons = 5570.85 cft [7.48 gal=1 cft]
60 X 24
5570.85
X Sectional area of each channel betn baffles = = 5.80 ft 2
960

So, Depth of each basin = 5.80/1.5 = 3.86 ft 4 ft. Ans.

(b) Clearance betn end of each baffle and the wall = 27 inch = 2.25 ft
Effective length of each channel is = 10 2.25 = 7.75 ft
No of channels = 960/7.75 = 123.87 124 Ans.

(c) No. of channels at each half of basin = 124/2 = 62


No of baffles at each half of basin = 61
Clear length of the basin without baffle = 1.5 X 62 ft = 93 ft
Let us assume, Thickness of wall = 3 inch
Total length of the basin = 93 + 0.25 X 61 = 108.25 ft. Ans.

# Determine the daily requirement of alum, lime & polyelectrolyte to coagulate a


flow of 200 L/S, if the jar test indicates that optimum coagulation occurs when 1 litre
of water is dosed with 3 mL of 10 gm/L alum solution, 1.8 mL of 5 gm/L suspension
of lime and 0.2 mg/L of polyelectrolyte.

Soln
Daily flow rate = 200 X60 X 60 X 24 = 17.28 X 106 L
Alum requirement 3 mL of 10 g/L = 30 mg X 17.28 X 10 6L/d = 518.4 Kg/d
Lime requirement 1.8 mL of 5 g/L= 9 mg/L X 17.28 X 10 6L/d = 155.5 kg/d
Polyelectrolyte = 0.2 mg/L X 17.28 X 106L/d = 3.46 kg/d

*Ex-11-6 G kiely p-461.


A water treatment plant consists of the following unit processes: coagulation
flocculation, Sedimentation, filtration and disinfection. The SS conc. of the raw water
is 500 mg/L and the plant treat 36400 m 3/d. Alum [Al2(SO4)3. 14 H2O] is used as a
coagulant with a dose of 50 mg/L. Compute the sludge solids produced daily if
complete reaction of alum or aluminum hydroxide occurs and 98% total solids are
removed by sedimentation/ filtration.

Soln of #
Alum

TP
Q = 0.42 m3/S Q = 0.42 m3/S
C1 = 500 mg/L Sludge Treated water C 0 = 0.02 X C1=10 mg/L
q Cs

Material balance for SS:


Accumulation = Input-Output + Generation Consumption
Within System Within System

0 = Input Output 0 0

Therefore, Input = Output


QC1 = QC0 + qcs or qcs = Q (C1-C0) = 0.42 (500-10)
or qcs = 0.42 X 490 = 205.8 g/s
Material balance for Aluminum hydroxide

Al2(SO4)3.14 H2O + ? 2Al (OH)3 + ? + ?


594 gm/mol 156 gm/mol

i,e 594 gm of alum produces 156 gm alum hydroxide (Sludge)


156
1 594
156
(Q X C) 50 mg/L (21 gm/s) 594 X 21 = 5.46 gm/s
Therefore Total Solid = S S removed + alum hydrooxide Sludge
= 205.8 + 5.46 = 211.26 gm/s
= 211.26 X 3600 X 24/10 6= kg/day =
t/day

# For a WTP of raw water flow 36400 m 3/day, design the flash mixing unit for
flocculation. Assume a detention period in the flash mixer of 40 sec.

36400
A
Soln Volm = Qt = 24 3600 X 40 = 16.85 m3 let H=2.5 WB= , Then you
can calculate the dimension of the unit.

# Design flocculation Basin of detention time = 40 min. (depth = 4m, L : B = 3 : 2)


# Design a slow sand filter to treat a flow of 800 m 3/day. Assume a filtration rate of
0.15 m/h and
L:B = 3 : 2
800
222.22m 2
Soln Area of tank = 24 0.15


222.22
Width =
=12.17 m
3
2
Length = 1.5 W = 18.25 m So, net area =12.25m X 18.25m

Let us assume
Height of under drain system = 0.5 m RSF
Height of Filter bed = 0.9 m (0.7 m for RSF)
Supernatent water = 1 m RSF
Total Height of tank = 2.4 m 2.5 m

# Design a RSF a R Gravity F to treat 36400 m3/d. Assume a filtration rate of 12 m/h
36400
126.39m 2
Soln Area = 24 12 W=9.2 m 9.25 m, L= 13.76 14.00m,
H= 2.2 m

Page # 329 Peavy & Rowe Problem 6-2


Determining Storage reservoir capacity
Month Run off QR X Month Run off QR X
6 3
10 m 106m3
1 9.0 10 0.4
2 10.8 11 0.5
3 4.2 12 0.9
4 2.8 13 1.1
5 1.2 14 2.0
6 1.1 15 5.5
7 0.9 16 10.5
8 0.5 17 3.5
9 0.6 18 2.5

Soln
Water Deficit (QR
Mont Run off QR X Cumulative Run Cumulative
6 3 Supply QS X QW) X
h 10 m off Deficit
106m3 106m3
1 9.0 9.0 2 7.0 0.0 (7)
2 10.8 19.8 2 8.8 0.0 (15.8)
3 4.2 24.0 2 2.2 0.0 (18.0)
4 2.8 26.8 2 0.8 0.0 (18.8)*
5 1.2 28.0 2 0.8 0.8
6 1.1 29.1 2 0.9 1.7
Detn the capacity of a Storage reservoir read to maintenance a constant WS (draft)
of 2 X 106m3/month given the following monthly mean run off valves.

Sedimentation Tank Design

Problem: Design a rectangular sedimentation tank to treat 2.4 million litres of raw water per day.
The detention period may be assumed to be 3 hours.

Solution: Raw water flow per day is 2.4 x 106 l. Detention period is 3h.

Volume of tank = Flow x Detention period = 2.4 x 103 x 3/24 = 300 m3

Assume depth of tank = 3.0 m.

Surface area = 300/3 = 100 m2

L/B = 3 (assumed). L = 3B.

3B2 = 100 m2 i.e. B = 5.8 m

L = 3B = 5.8 X 3 = 17.4 m

Hence surface loading (Overflow rate) = 2.4 x 106 = 24,000 l/d/m2 < 40,000 l/d/m2 (OK)

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