Verb types

In English there is two types of verbs, dyanmic and

stative.

Group 1- Dynamic
These verbs are usually physical actions which you can
see somebody doing. These verbs can be used in all
tenses.
to run, to walk, to eat, to fly, to go, to say, to touch, etc.

Group 2 -
These verbs are usually things you cannot see somebody
doing. These verbs are rarely used in continuous tenses.
They include:

Abstract Verbs
to be, to want, to cost, to seem, to need, to care, to
contain, to owe, to exist...

Possession Verbs
to possess, to own, to belong...

Emotion Verbs
to like, to love, to hate, to dislike, to fear, to envy, to
mind...
Stative (or State) Verb List

like know belong

love realise fit

hate suppose contain

want mean consist

need understand seem

prefer believe depend

agree remember matter

mind recognise see

own appear look (=seem)

sound taste smell

hear astonish deny

disagree please impress

satisfy promise surprise

doubt think (=have an feel (=have an

opinion) opinion)

wish imagine concern

dislike be have

deserve involve include

lack measure (=have possess

length etc)
Past simple. When and how to use
1:Finished Time word
We use it with finished actions, states or habits in
the past when we have a finished time word (yesterday,
last week, at 2 o'clock, in 2003).

I went to the cinema yesterday.

We spent a lot of time Japan in 2007.

2:Finished Time Period

We use it with finished actions, states or habits in
the past when we know from general knowledge that the
time period has finished. This includes when the person
we are talking about is dead.

Leonardo painted the Mona Lisa.

The Vikings invaded Britain.

3:Details of News
We use it with finished actions, states or habits in
the past that we have introduced with the present
perfect or another tense. This is sometimes called
'details of news'.

I've hurt my leg. I fell off a ladder when I was

painting my bedroom.

I've been on holiday. I went to Spain and Portugal.

4: Actions in Stories
For stories or lists of events, we often use the past
simple for the actions in the story and the past
continuous for the background.
 He went to a caf. People were chatting and music
was playing. He sat down and ordered a coffee.
Past Continuous/ Progressive. When and how to use
1: Overlapping Action
An action in the past which overlaps another action
or a time. The action in the past continuous starts before
and often continues after the other shorter action or
time.

I was walking to the station when I met John. (I

started walking before I met John, and maybe I
continued afterwards.)
2: Background
In the same way, we can use the present
continuous for the background of a story. (We often use
the past simple for the actions.) This is really a specific
example of Use 1.

The birds were singing, the sun was shining and in

the cafs people were laughing and chatting. Amy
sat down and took out her phone.
3: Temporary habits
Temporary habits or habits that happen more often than
we expect in the past. We often use 'always', 'constantly'
or 'forever' here. This is the same as the way we use the
present continuous for habits, but the habit started and
finished in the past. This thing doesn't happen now.

He was always leaving the tap running.

She was constantly singing.

4: Emphasis
 To emphasise that something lasted for a while. This use
is often optional and we usually use it with time
expressions like 'all day' or 'all evening' or 'for hours'.

I was working in the garden all day.

Exercise 1

Put the verbs into the correct tense (Simple Past or

Past Progressive).

1. While Tom (read) , Amely (watch) a

documentary on TV.
2. Marvin (come) home, (switch) on the

computer and (check) his emails.

3. The thief (sneak) into the house, (steal)

the jewels and (leave) without a trace.

4. Nobody (listen) while the

teacher (explain) the tenses.

5. While we (do) a sight-seeing tour, our

friends (lie) on the beach.

6. He (wake) up and (look) at his watch.

Exercise 3
 Put the verbs into the correct tense (Simple Past or
Past Progressive).

1. We (wait) for Jane, when suddenly

Louis (come) around the corner.

2. I (cycle) through the park, when I (hear) a

strange noise.
3. He (pass) her a message when the

teacher (look / not) .

4. I (fall) asleep while I (watch) TV last

night.
5. When Mike and Jane (paint) the walls, their

dog (knock) over the paint pot.

6. Tom (break) his leg when he (play)

frisbee.
7. The phone (ring) when I (sit) on the

toilet.
Past Perfect: When and how to use
1: A finished action before a second point in the
past.
 When we arrived, the film had started (= first the
film started, then we arrived).
We usually use the past perfect to make it clear which
action happened first.

2: Something that started in the past and

continued up to another action or time in the
past. Mostly Stative verbs

When he graduated, he had been in London for six

years. (= He arrived in London six years before he
graduated and lived there until he graduated, or
even longer.)

3: To talk about unreal or imaginary things in

the past.

We use the past perfect (one step back in time) to talk

about unreal things in the past. This is common in
the third conditional and after 'wish'.

If I had known you were ill, I would have visited

you.

She would have passed the exam if she had studied

harder.

I wish I hadn't gone to bed so late

Past Perfect Continuous: When and how to use
1: Something that started in the past and
continued up to another action or time in the
past. Non stative verbs
The past perfect continuous tells us 'how long', just like
the present perfect continuous, but this time the action
continues up to a point in the past rather than the
present. Usually we use 'for + time'.

2: Something that finished just before another

event in the past.
This is usually used to show a result at a time in the
past. The action finishes before another time in the past.

The pavement was wet, it had been raining. (The

rain had finished before the time I'm describing in
the past.
Write the past participle of the following irregular verbs.

1. speak -

2. catch -

3. eat -

4. understand -

5. begin -

Complete the sentences in past perfect simple (affirmative

form.)

1. I lost the key that he (give) to me.

2. He told me that he (see) the film .

3. I went outside as I (hear) a noise.

Complete the sentences in past perfect simple (negative).

1. The waiter served something that we (not / order) .

2. He went to the country which he (not / visit) before.

 3. She picked out the red dress, which she (not / wear)

for

Complete the sentences in the past perfect continuous

1 It was a relief to find the documents. I

(look) for them all afternoon.

2 We (work/already) on this project for

a month before we found a fundamental flaw.

3. They were very tired in the evening because

they (help) on the farm all day.

Answer with either the past perfect simple or past perfect

continuous

1 He le n ha d to was he d he r ha n ds bec au se s he
he r ca r.
2 S he re la te d tha t s he a div orc e

la wy e r.

3 I ho w to da n ce .

4 S he s a w t he groc e r lea v e t he sa me wa y he
.

5 He de n i e d tha t t he man

di ff e re n tly .

6 His dri v i n g les s on s du rin g

the s umme r.
7 B ef ore y es te r da y, n o re qu es ts

f or blo od don a ti on .

8 I t se e me d li k e s ome b ody a ca ke .

9 Rac he l's ca r, whi c h in the

ga ra ge, was a ppa re n tly n e w.

1 0 T hey m ove d f ro m whe re ve r t he y

to Va n c ouv e r.
Will
1: We use the future simple with 'will' to predict the future. It is the
basic way we talk about the future in English, and we often use it if
there is no reason to use another future tense. We can use it for
future facts and for things that are less certain.

The sun will rise at 7am.

I think the Conservatives will win the next election.

2: Promises / requests / refusals / offers. This is sometimes called

'volitional' will. It's about wanting to do something or not wanting to
do something in the future.

I'll help you with your homework.

Will you give me a hand?

I won't go!

In a similar way, we often use 'will' when we're talking about a

decision at the moment of speaking. We are usually making an offer
or promise or talking about something that we want to do.

A: I'm cold. B: I'll close the window.

3: We use the simple future with 'will' in the first conditional, and
in other sentences that have a conditional feeling.

If it doesn't rain, we'll go to the park.

Let's arrive early. That will give us time to relax.

Be going to
1: We often use 'be going to' to talk about our future intentions and
plans. We have usually made our plans before the moment of
speaking.

A: We've run out of milk. B: I know, I'm going to buy some.

2: We can also use 'be going to' to make a prediction about the
future. Often it's possible to use both 'be going to' and 'will' but it's
more common to use 'be going to' if we can see evidence in the
present.

Look at those boys playing football! They're going to break the

window.

The sky is getting darker and darker. It's going to rain.

1: We use the future continuous to talk about an action in the future

that overlaps another, shorter action or a time. The action in the
future continuous usually starts before and might continue after the
second action or time.

I'll be waiting when you arrive.

At eight o'clock, I'll be eating dinner.

2: We can use the future continuous to talk about something that

will happen if everything happens as we expect. This is sometimes
called future as a matter of course. It's usually possible to choose
the future simple as well, but we often choose the future
continuous because then it's clear that we are not making a request
or offer.

The Government will be making a statement later.

When will you be leaving? (This is more polite than 'when will
you leave?' because it's definitely not a request for you to
leave.)

1) (they/come) tomorrow?

2)When the boss comes, (he/make) coffee?.

3)When the boss comes, (we/work) hard?.

4) (David/be) at home this evening?.

5)There's someone at the door (you/get) it?.

6)At 8pm, why (they/sleep)?

7) (she/get) the job, do you think?.

8)In your opinion (she/be) a good teacher??.

9)When the boss comes, (you/type)?.

Writing. Write about your Christmas 2016 using future tense.