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This chapter discusses the fundamentals of electrostatics, including Coulomb's law governing electric charge and concepts such as electric field, electric flux, and electric potential. It also covers the application of electrostatics to capacitors. Specifically, it defines the capacitance of a capacitor and derives expressions for the energy stored in a capacitor, as well as the charging and discharging of a capacitor through resistance. Key points include the equations for electric field strength, electric potential, capacitance, energy storage, and capacitor charging and discharging. Problems at the end involve calculating the capacitance of parallel plate capacitors.

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38 views

Content

This chapter discusses the fundamentals of electrostatics, including Coulomb's law governing electric charge and concepts such as electric field, electric flux, and electric potential. It also covers the application of electrostatics to capacitors. Specifically, it defines the capacitance of a capacitor and derives expressions for the energy stored in a capacitor, as well as the charging and discharging of a capacitor through resistance. Key points include the equations for electric field strength, electric potential, capacitance, energy storage, and capacitor charging and discharging. Problems at the end involve calculating the capacitance of parallel plate capacitors.

Uploaded by

nanda_kavala
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Electrostatics

c:> Summary
In this chapter, we have discussed the behaviour of electric charge and laws governing
it. Concepts of electric field, electric field strength, electric flux and electric flux densi-
ty are also discussed. Electrostatic potential at a point due to a point charge is also dealt
with. Fundamentals of equipotential surfaces and potential gradient are explained in
detail. Application of electrostatics in the field of capacitors is discussed. Expressions
for the energy stored in the capacitor, charging of capacitor and discharging of capacitor
through resistance are derived.

c:> Points to Remember

l. Coulomb's law: F - !?> Q2 2


4tr0Err

2. Electric field strength: E = 2


Q
41tE0Err

3. Electric flux density: D = . Q 2


4nr

4. Electric potential at a point due to a point charge q: V = q


41tE0Err

5. Potential due to number of charges: V =


1
41tEoEr [!l'iL + q2 +
'2
]

6. Capacitance of a capacitor C = S
1 1 I 1
7. Capacitors in series: C = Ci + c2 + <;
8. Capacitors in parallel: C = C1 + C2 + C3
9. Energy stored in capacitor: W = ; CV2

10. Charging of capacitor: i = e-t!RC

q = Q (1 - e-t/RC)
11. Discharging of capacitor: i = - e-t/RC

q = Q e-t/RC

Problems

2.1 (a) What are the various factors on which the capacitance of a parallel plate
capacitor depends?
(b) A capacitor consists of two metal plates, each having an area of900cm2.1ne
distance between the two plates is 3 mm. The space between the plates is
Copyrlg11ted material

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