Absolute-Encoder: User Manual
Absolute-Encoder: User Manual
Absolute-Encoder
CE-65
CE-100
User Manual
4.00+ / WIU00001
TR-Electronic GmbH
D-78647 Trossingen
Eglishalde 6
Tel.: (0049) 07425/228-0
Fax: (0049) 07425/228-33
email: [email protected]
www.tr-electronic.com
Copyright protection
This Manual, including the illustrations contained therein, is subject to copyright
protection. Use of this Manual by third parties in contravention of copyright
regulations is not permitted. Reproduction, translation as well as electronic and
photographic archiving and modification require the written content of the
manufacturer. Violations shall be subject to claims for damages.
Subject to modifications
The right to make any changes in the interest of technical progress is reserved.
Document information
Release date / Rev. date: 12/15/2015
Document / Rev. no.: TR - ECE - BA - GB - 0009 - 09
File name: TR-ECE-BA-GB-0009-09.docx
Author: MH
Font styles
Italic or bold font styles are used for the title of a document or are used for
highlighting.
Courier font displays text, which is visible on the display or screen and software
menu selections.
< > indicates keys on your computer keyboard (such as <RETURN>).
Brand names
PROFIBUS-DP and the PROFIBUS logo are registered trademarks of PROFIBUS
Nutzerorganisation e.V. (PNO) [PROFIBUS User Organization]
SIMATIC is a registered trademark of SIEMENS corporation
Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation
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4 Technical data.................................................................................................................................. 15
4.1 Electrical ratings...................................................................................................................... 15
4.2 Mechanical ratings .................................................................................................................. 15
5 Assembly .......................................................................................................................................... 16
5.1 Connecting the Cable Screening to the Bus-Cap ................................................................... 17
8 Appendix .......................................................................................................................................... 48
8.1 New in firmware versions 4.x opposite 3.x ............................................................................. 48
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1 General information
This User Manual includes the following topics:
The User Manual may be included in the customer's specific delivery package or it
may be requested separately.
1.1 Applicability
This User Manual applies exclusively to the following measuring system model with
PROFIBUS-DP interface:
CE-65
CE-100
The products are labelled with affixed nameplates and are components of a system.
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DP Decentralized Periphery
EC European Community
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Single-Turn
This measuring system resolves a single revolution or turn of the drive shaft into
measuring increments (e.g. 8192). The number of measuring increments per
revolution is recorded and balanced via a code disk. This measured value is output via
different interface modules depending on the type of interface used, and is repeated
after each revolution.
Multi-Turn
Besides the angular positions per revolution, multi-turn measuring systems also record
multiple rotations or turns. The drive shaft is connected to an internal reduction gear
via which the number of revolutions is recorded.
In the case of the multi-turn measuring system, the measured value is thus composed
of the angular position and the Number of Revolutions. The measured value is also
balanced and output via different interface modules depending on the type of interface
used.
Principle
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Only use the measuring system in a technically faultless state, and only for its
intended use, taking safety and hazard aspects into consideration, and observing this
User Manual! Faults which could threaten safety should be eliminated without delay!
TR-Electronic GmbH 1997, All Rights Reserved Printed in the Federal Republic of Germany
The User Manual must always be kept accessible at the place of use of the
measuring system.
In addition to the User Manual, generally applicable legal and other binding
accident prevention and environmental protection regulations are to be observed
and must be mediated.
The personnel instructed to work with the measuring system must have read and
understood the User Manual, especially the chapter Basic safety instructions
prior to commencing work.
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All work on the measuring system must only be carried out by qualified personnel.
Qualified personnel includes persons, who, through their training, experience and
instruction, as well as their knowledge of the relevant standards, provisions,
accident prevention regulations and operating conditions, have been authorized
by the persons responsible for the system to carry out the required work and are
able to recognize and avoid potential hazards.
Define clear rules of responsibilities for the assembly, installation, start-up and
operation. The obligation exists to provide supervision for trainee personnel !
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Ensure that the area around the assembly site is protected from
corrosive media (acid, etc.).
Avoid any shocks (e.g. hammer-blow) on the shaft while mounting.
Do not open the measuring system.
Disposal
If disposal has to be undertaken after the life span of the device, the
respective applicable country-specific regulations are to be observed.
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3 Transportation / Storage
Notes on transportation
Do not drop the device or expose it to strong strokes!
Storage
Storage temperature: -30 to +80 C
Store in a dry place
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5 Assembly
Encoder shaft drive
Encoders of the CE series are connected to the drive shaft by an elastic coupling which
compensates for any deviations in the axial and radial direction between the encoder
and drive shaft. This avoids excessive strain on the bearings. Couplings can be ordered
on request.
Flange mounting
The centering collar with fit f7 centers the encoder in relation to the shaft. It is fixed to
the machine by means of three screws in the flange (Fig. 1).
Fig. 1 Coupling
Absolute encoder
Machine
Fig. 2 Coupling
Absolute encoder
Machine
Clamping bracket
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Procedure:
2. Dismount the compression nut (1) and the terminal holder (2).
3. Push the compression nut (1) and the terminal holder (2) over the cable.
4. Strip the cable; push back the braiding around the terminal holder (2) such that the
braiding goes over the inner O-ring (3) and does not lie over the cylindrical section
or the torsional bars.
5. Insert the terminal holder (2) into the intermediate gland (4) such that the torsional
bars fit into the intended lengthwise grooves in the intermediate gland (4).
Part 1
Compression nut
Part 2
Terminal holder
Part 3
Inner O-ring
Part 4
Intermediate gland
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For details of how to integrate the encoder into the interface of the DP master
configuration software, please refer to the relevant documentation.
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All cables used must conform with the PROFIBUS specification for the following
copper data wire parameters:
The PROFIBUS transmission speed may be set between 9.6 kBit/s and 12 Mbit/s and
is automatically recognized by the measuring system. It is selected for all devices on
the bus at the time of commissioning the system.
The measuring system connector hood offers the possibility of connecting the inward
and outward data cables directly to the removable connector hood. This avoids drop
lines and the bus connector can be connected to and disconnected from the bus at
any time without interruption of data traffic.
The PROFIBUS guidelines and other applicable standards and guidelines are to be
observed to insure safe and stable operation!
In particular, the applicable EMC directive and the shielding and grounding guidelines
must be observed!
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see also chapter "New in firmware versions 4.x opposite 3.x", page 48.
Downloads:
TR03AAAB.GSD: www.tr-electronic.de/f/TR-ECE-ID-MUL-0005
TR05AAAB.GSD: www.tr-electronic.de/f/TR-ECE-ID-MUL-0006
TRAAAB3X.200: www.tr-electronic.de/f/TR-ECE-ID-MUL-0005
TR-Electronic GmbH 1997, All Rights Reserved Printed in the Federal Republic of Germany
6.8.1 Configuration
Configuration means specifying the length and type of process data and the manner in
which they are to be handled. For this purpose, the configuration program usually
provides an input list in which the user has to enter the appropriate identifiers.
Depending on the required nominal configuration, the encoder will assign a different
number of input and output words on the PROFIBUS.
In the following, the individual nominal configurations and the position of the
communication bytes for the data transfer with the PROFIBUS-DP master are
described.
Input word IW x
In the case of configurations for CLASS 1, preset adjustment is not possible via
the PROFIBUS, and only the code sequence can be changed. The encoder
operates with the standard resolution specified on the rating plate. The
diagnostic data are limited to 16 bytes.
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Input word IW x
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The encoder uses two input words and two output words which are consistently
transferred via the bus.
Input word IW x
The configurations designated "TR mode" are not compatible with the PNO
encoder profile in terms of the parameter record. The scaling function
prescribed by the PNO profile is a simple special case of a general gear. Due to
the extended 'gear' scaling function, additional parameters are therefore
necessary in order to describe the gear fully.
In other words, the TR-specific modes represent an extension of the encoder
function which is not restricted by its compatibility with the PROFIBUS-DP and
certification.
Selection
No (Class 2 functions deactivated)*
Yes (Class 2 activated)
Selection
Disabled (Commissioning diagnostic control deactivated)*
Enabled (Commissioning diagnostic control activated)
Selection
Disabled (scaling deactivated)*
Enabled (scaling activated)
Input
Lower limit: 1 increment / revolution
Upper limit: 8192 increments per revolution (depending on capacity -
marked on rating plate)
Default value: 4096
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6.8.2.6 Total measuring range [units] hi and total measuring range [units] lo
Together, these parameters define the total number of increments displayed by the
encoder before it starts again from zero.
Together, these parameters define the total number of revolutions displayed by the
encoder before it starts again from zero.
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Together, these parameters define the total number of revolutions displayed by the
encoder before it starts again from zero.
Lower limit 1
Upper limit 99
Default value: 1
Defines the output code for the (optional) SSI interface. The transfer to the PROFIBUS
takes place in binary form according to the PNO profile.
Selection
Gray (encoder supplies 24-bit Gray code)
Binary (encoder supplies 24-bit binary code)*
Shifted Gray (encoder supplies clipped Gray code)
Lower limit 8
Upper limit 32
Default value 24
Selection
Binary (encoder supplies 24-bit binary code)
Gray (encoder supplies 24-bit Gray code)*
Shifted Gray (encoder supplies clipped Gray code)
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Risk of injury and damage to property by an actual value jump when the
Preset adjustment function is performed!
The preset adjustment function should only be performed when the
measuring system is at rest, otherwise the resulting actual value jump must
be permitted in the program and application!
Together, these parameters define the position value to which the encoder is adjusted
with the leading edge of the 1st preset input. To suppress interference, however, the
preset is only carried out if the preset signal is present without interruption during the
entire response time of 30 ms. A re-execution of the preset is not possible until the
input signal has been reset again and a filter time of 30 ms has been waited.
Lower limit 0
Upper limit total measuring length in increments - 1
Default value 1
Risk of injury and damage to property by an actual value jump when the
Preset adjustment function is performed!
The preset adjustment function should only be performed when the
measuring system is at rest, otherwise the resulting actual value jump must
be permitted in the program and application!
Together, these parameters define the position value to which the encoder is adjusted
with the leading edge of the 2nd preset input. To suppress interference, however, the
preset is only carried out if the preset signal is present without interruption during the
entire response time of 30 ms. A re-execution of the preset is not possible until the
input signal has been reset again and a filter time of 30 ms has been waited.
Lower limit 0
Upper limit total measuring length in increments - 1
Default value 2
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This parameter defines the setting of the commissioning function. In the standard
setting "Off, no status" the encoder is compatible to encoders with version 3.x (further
details see Teach-In function).
Selection
Off, no status (V3.x), default
Off, with status
On, with status
With this parameter in the TR operation modes the number of diagnostic bytes can be
limited from 6+51 bytes to 6+10 bytes. Therefore the encoder can be operated also to
Profibus masters with older issue numbers in these modes.
Selection
No, default
Yes
Is the status switched on (see commissioning function) the encoder can inform the
master via a bit whether the actual value is within the limits.
It is valid:
Limit switch bit = 0 if lower limit < actual value < upper limit
Limit switch bit = 1 if actual value < lower limit or actual value > upper limit
Lower limit 0
Upper limit total measuring length in increments - 1
Default value 0
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With this parameter the information of the rotation speed can be scaled in arbitrary
increments between 1/1 and 1/100 rpm.
Lower limit 1
Upper limit 100
Default value 1
The Profibus standard DIN 19245 provides the data format "UNSIGNED32" for the
definition of 32 bits of parameter data in the device master file. This data format isn't
supported by all configuration programs for profibus master. These programs clip the
more significant word of the parameter. In order to allow inputs despite this, these
parameters are split up into single words.
Illogically enough, the input in the input masks also has to be made in decimal form.
This affects the following parameters:
Example:
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The encoder does not support a gear function. The position value is decoded in binary
form and balanced against a zero offset and the code sequence.
The position is calculated according to the following formula:
When entering the parameterization data, make sure the parameters 'Measuring
length in increments' and 'Number of increments per revolution' are chosen so
that the quotient of the two parameters is a second power.
If this is not the case, the encoder will correct the measuring length in
increments to the next smallest second power in revolutions. The number of
increments per revolution remains constant.
The re-calculated measuring length in increments can be read out via the
extended diagnostic information for Class 2 and is always smaller than the
predefined measuring length. Therefore it can be that the actually needed total
increment number is exceeded and the encoder generates a zero-point
changeover before reaching the maximum mechanical displacement distance.
Since the internal absolute position (before the encoder was scaled and a zero-
point adjustment was executed) recurs periodically after 4096 revolutions, at
rotating applications (endless driving to the same direction, the number of
revolutions is not a power of two) it comes inevitably to offsets.
For such applications, one of the TR - nominal configurations has to be used.
* Operator input
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The encoder supports the gear function for rotating applications. The position value is
balanced against a zero offset, the code sequence and the entered gear parameters.
The number of increments per revolution is calculated according to the following
formula:
Gear limits:
Maximum no. of revolutions 256000
Minimum no. of revolutions 1
Maximum no. of increments per revolution see encoder rating plate
Minimum denominator 1
Maximum denominator 99
For rotating applications (endless driving to the same direction, the number of
revolutions must not to be a power of two), one of the TR - nominal
configurations must to be used.
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Risk of injury and damage to property by an actual value jump when the
Preset adjustment function is performed!
The preset adjustment function should only be performed when the
measuring system is at rest, otherwise the resulting actual value jump must
be permitted in the program and application!
In 'Class 2' mode and in the 'TR - operation modes', the PROFIBUS can be used to
adjust the encoder to any position value within a range of 0 to (measuring length in
increments - 1).
This is done by setting the most significant bits of the output data (231 for configuration
Class 2 - 32 bits or 215 for configuration Class 2 - 16 bits).
Outputs
Data byte 3 Data byte 2 Data byte 1 Data byte 0
MSB P LSB
Output byte x+0 Output byte x+1 Output byte x+2 Output byte x+3
Inputs
Data byte 3 Data byte 2 Data byte 1 Data byte 0
MSB LSB
Input byte x+0 Input byte x+1 Input byte x+2 Input byte x+3
The preset adjustment value transferred in data bytes 0 - 3 is accepted as the position
value with the leading edge of bit 32 (=bit 7 of data byte 3).
To suppress interference, however, the new position value is only carried out if the
control bit 32 is present without interruption during the entire response time of 30 ms.
A re-adjustment is not possible until the control bit has been reset again and a filter
time of 30 ms has been waited.
In the Class 2 mode this process is not acknowledged via the inputs.
In the TR - operations modes at status switched-on (see adjustments of the
Commissioning function) this process is acknowledged via the most significant bit.
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The number of the revolutions must be programmed fixed to 4096 and may not be
changed in the parameterization!
The maximum displacement distance mustn't exceed 2048 revolutions
During the Teach-In process the maximum number of increments per revolution of
the encoder mustn't be exceeded (e.g. specification of a measuring length of 3000
increments and indication of a displacement distance of of a revolution)
For rotating applications the commissioning function is not suitable and not valid
When the teach-in function is activated, the green LED flashes at a frequency of
approx. 1 Hz.
To remain downward compatible to the version of 3.x, in the parameter setting there
are three different settings:
OFF, no status:
This setting is compatible with version 3.x, that means the bits 225 to 231 are
always "0".
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Outputs
Requested no. of units per distance travelled
24 23 16 15 8 7 0
Control bits+Distance 2 Distance 2 -2 Distance 2 -2 Distance 2 -2
MSB LSB
Output byte x+0 Output byte x+1 Output byte x+2 Output byte x+3
Inputs
Position / Measuring length in steps
24 23 16 15 8 7 0
Status+Position 2 Position 2 -2 Position 2 -2 Position 2 -2
MSB LSB
Input byte x+0 Input byte x+1 Input byte x+2 Input byte x+3
At activated status the status bits 225 to 231 have the following meaning:
Ready status
Bit 25 0 = Encoder not ready-to-operate
1 = Encoder ready-to-operate
Operating mode
Bit 26 0 = Commissioning mode
1 = Normal mode
Software limit switches
0 = lower limit switch < process-actual value < upper limit switch
Bit 27
1 = process-actual value < lower limit switch or
process-actual value > upper limit switch
Counting direction (at the moment)
Bit 28 Bit 28 = 0: Counting direction cw (with look on the shaft)
Bit 28 = 1: Counting direction ccw (with look on the shaft)
Teach-In, takeover drive distance
Bit 29 0 = Drive distance not taken
1 = Drive distance taken
Start Teach-In
Bit 30 0 = No start
1 = Teach-In function started
Adjustment acknowledgement
Bit 31 0 = No adjustment requested
1= Requested adjustment was executed
Bit 25 No meaning
Bit 26 No meaning
Bit 27 No meaning
Change counting direction
Bit 28 0 = Keep counting direction
1 = Invert present counting direction
Takeover Teach-In
Bit 29 0 = No takeover of the drive distance
1 = Takeover of the drive distance
Start Teach-In
Bit 30 0 = No start
1 = Start
Adjustment request
Bit 31 0 = No adjustment requested
1 = Adjust encoder to the preset value
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The teach-in procedure takes place in several stages which are described below. It is
assumed that the PROFIBUS is in operation, that the PLC is in its cycle, and that its
process image is continuously updated. The inputs and outputs assigned by the
encoder in the PLC must be able to be controlled via a programming device (e.g.
"Control variables" function in SIMATIC-S5 system), or alternatively by a PLC handling
facility.
1. After selecting manual or set-up mode, move the machine by hand to the starting
position of the distance to be measured.
2. Find out whether the present adjusted counting direction is correct for the
application. If not, first the counting direction must be inverted with setting the
"Change counting direction" bit in the control byte. The encoder displays
the present counting direction in the status byte.
3. Set the "Start Teach-In" bit in the control byte
The encoder then re-programs its measuring length in increments to the maximum
resolution, memorizes its current position and acknowledges this process by
setting the "Teach In Function Started" bit in the status byte.
4. Reset the "Start Teach-In" bit in the control byte
The "Teach-In Started" bit remains set furthermore!
5. In manual or set-up mode, move the machine by hand to the ending position of the
distance to be measured. Measure the distance between initial and ending position
with a measuring tape of arbitrary measurement unit.
6. Enter the real distance in measured units according to the tape measure in data
bytes D0 and D1 of the outputs.
7. Set the "Takeover of the drive distance" bit in the control byte
The encoder then calculates the measuring length in increments from the
requested travelling distance in measured units, enters the calculated measuring
length in increments in data bytes D0 .. D2 of the inputs and acknowledges this
process by setting the "Teach-In, drive distance taken" bit of the status
byte.
8. Make a note of the measuring length in increments!
9. Reset the "Takeover of the drive distance" bit in the control byte
The encoder then accordingly resets the "Teach-In started" and "Teach-In,
drive distance taken" bits in the status byte. Thus the Teach-In process is
completed.
10.Carry out presetting or adjustment.
If one of the steps was omitted or incompletely executed, the entire procedure must be
repeated.
During the teach-in process, the encoder must not be adjusted and no presettings
may be performed.
Once all axes have been set up with the teach-in function, the noted measuring
lengths in increments must be entered in the parameterization file of the encoder
using the configuration program for the PROFIBUS master (e.g. COM-ET-200 or COM
PROFIBUS), and the teach-in mode must be deactivated. This ensures that the teach-
in process does not have to be repeated should the encoder be exchanged.
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Teach-In Start
MS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Resetting
SM 0 1 0 0/1 0/1 0 1 Non-calculated process actual values (gear factor=1, no preset active)
MS 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 Number of increments which the encoder should output is now sent to the encoder
SM 0 1 1 0/1 0/1 0 1
Transfer of the total measuring range for the new gear factor (this should be 0/1
noted!)
MS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Resetting
SM 0 0 0 0/1 0/1 0 1 The process actual value, calculated with the new gear factor, is output
Preset-Adjustment
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The encoder position is re-loaded after each read process, and remains unchanged
until the next time it is accessed. If the SSI master (e.g. drive controller or WF
assembly) reads the position at prolonged or irregular intervals, this may lead to
contouring error messages.
To avoid this, the position should be read at short, regular intervals.
The monoflop time of the SSI interface is around 35 - 55 s (typ. 41 s) as opposed to
20 - 40 s in the standard interface.
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or
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The standard DP diagnosis is structured as follows (always from the point of view of
the master in relation to the slave).
to
Byte 241
(max)
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In this byte, the slave enters the station address of the first master to have sent a valid
parameterization message. If several masters access the bus simultaneously, their
configuration and parameterization information must coincide exactly in order to
ensure correct operation of the Profibus.
If additional diagnostic information is available, the slave enters the number of bytes
following the standard diagnosis here.
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7.2.2.1 Alarms
Bit Meaning =0 =1
Bit 0 Position error No Yes
Bit 1 Supply voltage faulty No Yes
Bit 2 Current consumption too high No Yes
Bit 3 Diagnosis OK Error
Bit 4 Memory error No Yes
Bit 5 Not applicable
Bit 6 Not applicable
Bit 7 Not applicable
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Bit Meaning =0 =1
Bit 0 Code sequence Increasing Increasing
clockwise counter-
clockwise
Bit 1 Class-2 functions No, not Yes
supported
Bit 2 Diagnosis No, not Yes
supported
Bit 3 Status scaling function No, not Yes
supported
Bit 4 Not applicable
Bit 5 Not applicable
Bit 6 Not applicable
Bit 7 Not applicable
Code Meaning
00 Single-turn absolute encoder (rotary)
01 Multi-turn absolute encoder (rotary)
The hardware single-turn resolution of the encoder can be read out via bytes 11-14.
The maximum number of encoder revolutions can be read out via diagnostic bytes 15-
16.
Byte 17 is reserved for additional alarms, although no other alarms are implemented.
Bit Meaning =0 =1
Bit 0-7 Reserved
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Bit Meaning =0 =1
Bit 0 Position error Not supported Supported
Bit 1 Supply voltage monitoring Not supported Supported
Bit 2 Current consumption Not supported Supported
monitoring
Bit 3 Diagnostic routine Not supported Supported
Bit 4 Memory error Not supported Supported
Bit 5-15 Not applicable
7.2.2.8 Warnings
Bit Meaning =0 =1
Bit 0 Frequency exceeded No Yes
Bit 1 Permissible temp. exceeded No Yes
Bit 2 Control reserve light Not reached Reached
Bit 3 CPU watchdog status OK Reset performed
Bit 4 Operating time warning No Yes
Bit 5-15 Battery charge OK Too low
Bit Meaning =0 =1
Bit 0 Frequency exceeded Not supported Supported
Bit 1 Permissible temp. exceeded Not supported Supported
Bit 2 Control reserve light Not supported Supported
Bit 3 CPU watchdog status Not supported Supported
Bit 4 Operating time warning Not supported Supported
Bit 5-15 Reserved
Diagnostic bytes 24-25 indicate the version of the PNO encoder profile supported by
the encoder. They consist of the revision number and revision index (e.g. 1.40
corresponds to 0000 0001 0100 0000 or 0140 (hexadecimal code) )
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Diagnostic bytes 26-27 indicate the internal software version of the encoder. They
consist of the revision number and revision index (e.g. 1.40 corresponds to 0000
0001 0100 0000 or 0140 (hexadecimal code) )
Diagnostic bytes 32-35 indicate the offset in relation to the absolute scanning position
which is calculated during the execution of the preset function.
Diagnostic bytes 40-43 indicate the configured increments per revolution of the
encoder.
Diagnostic bytes 44-47 indicate the configured measuring lengths in increments of the
encoder.
Diagnostic bytes 48-57 indicate the serial number of the encoder. If this function is not
supported, asterisks are used (hexadecimal code 0x2A) ********** to indicate the
configured measuring length in increments of the encoder.
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8 Appendix
8.1 New in firmware versions 4.x opposite 3.x
The reduction is cancelled, that the scaling function can be activated only in
connection with the Class 2 functions. The device then works as Class 1 device
with short diagnostic length and is nevertheless scalable.
In the TR operation modes the diagnostic length can be limited on the length of
the Class 1 diagnosis.
If the status byte is activated a limit switch bit with two limit values is available to
supervise the displacement range.
The information of the rotational speed is scalable in arbitrary steps between 1/1
and 1/100 revolutions per minute.
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