2B1

Chapter 2 Part B:
DOHC engine
Unless otherwise stated, procedures are as described for the SOHC engines in Part A of this Chapter.

Contents
Camshafts and cam followers - removal, inspection and refitting . . .21 Engine - refitting (manual gearbox in vehicle) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Crankcase ventilation system - inspection and maintenance . . . . . . .2 Engine - refitting (automatic transmission in vehicle) . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
Crankshaft and bearings - examination and renovation . . . . . . . . . .31 Engine - removal leaving manual gearbox in vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
Crankshaft and main bearings - removal and refitting . . . . . . . . . . . .30 Engine - removal leaving automatic transmission in vehicle . . . . . . . .6
Crankshaft front oil seal - renewal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 Engine mountings - renewal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Crankshaft rear oil seal - renewal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 Flywheel/driveplate - removal, inspection and refitting . . . . . . . . . . .22
Cylinder head - dismantling and reassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 General information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
Cylinder head - inspection and renovation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 Initial start-up after overhaul or major repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Cylinder head - removal and refitting (engine in vehicle) . . . . . . . . . .17 Major operations possible with the engine in the vehicle . . . . . . . . . . .3
Cylinder head - removal and refitting (engine removed) . . . . . . . . . . .18 Major operations requiring engine removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Engine/automatic transmission assembly - removal and separation . .8 Oil pump drive chain and sprockets - examination and renovation . .28
Engine/automatic transmission assembly - reconnection and Oil pump - dismantling, inspection and reassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
refitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Oil pump - removal and refitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
Engine dismantling, examination, renovation and reassembly - general Pistons and connecting rods - removal and refitting . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Sump - removal and refitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Engine/manual gearbox assembly - removal and separation . . . . . . .7 Timing chain and sprockets - removal and refitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Engine/manual gearbox assembly - reconnection and refitting . . . . .11 Timing chain, sprockets and tensioner - examination and renovation .16

Degrees of difficulty 2B
Easy, suitable for Fairly easy, suitable Fairly difficult, Difficult, suitable for Very difficult,
novice with little for beginner with suitable for competent experienced DIY suitable for expert
experience some experience DIY mechanic mechanic DIY or professional

Specifications
General
Engine type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Four-cylinder, in-line, double overhead camshaft
Engine code:
Carburettor engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N8A
Fuel injection engine without catalyst . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N9A
Fuel injection engine with catalyst . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N9C
Bore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.00 mm
Stroke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.00 mm
Cubic capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1998 cc
Compression ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.3 : 1
Compression pressure at starter motor speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 to 13 bars
Maximum continuous engine speed:
N8A engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6050 rpm
All engines except N8A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5950 rpm
Maximum engine power (DIN):
N8A engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 kW at 5600 rpm
N9A engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 kW at 5500 rpm
N9C engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 kW at 5500 rpm
Maximum engine torque:
N8A engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 Nm at 3000 rpm
N9A engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 Nm at 2500 rpm
N9C engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 Nm at 2500 rpm

Cylinder bore diameter

Standard class 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.000 to 86.010 mm
Standard class 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.010 to 86.020 mm
Oversize 0.15 class A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.150 to 86.160 mm
Oversize 0.15 class B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.160 to 86.170 mm
Oversize 0.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.500 to 86.510 mm
2B2 DOHC engine

Crankshaft
Endfloat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.090 to 0.300 mm (0.004 to 0.012 in)
Main bearing running clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.011 to 0.048 mm
Main bearing journal diameter:
Standard (yellow) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.980 to 54.990 mm
Standard (red) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.990 to 55.000 mm
Undersize 0.25 (green) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.730 to 54.750 mm
Main bearing thrustwasher thickness:
Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.301 to 2.351 mm (0.090 to 0.093 in)
Oversize 0.38 (yellow) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.491 to 2.541 mm (0.098 to 0.100 in)
Big-end bearing running clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.006 to 0.060 mm
Big-end bearing journal diameter:
Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.890 to 50.910 mm
Undersize 0.25 (green) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.640 to 50.660 mm

Pistons and piston rings

Piston diameter:
Standard 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85.970 to 85.980 mm
Standard 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85.980 to 85.990 mm
Standard service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85.980 to 85.990 mm
Oversize 0.15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.130 to 86.150 mm
Oversize 0.50 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.470 to 86.490 mm
Piston ring end gap:
Top . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.300 to 0.600 mm (0.012 to 0.024 in)
Centre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.500 to 0.800 mm (0.020 to 0.032 in)
Bottom (oil control) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.400 to 1.500 mm (0.016 to 0.059 in)

Cylinder head
Valve guide bore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.063 to 7.094 mm
Camshaft bearing parent bore diameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.000 to 26.030 mm

Camshafts
Endfloat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.020 to 0.260 mm (0.001 to 0.010 in)

Valves
Valve timing:
Carburettor engines:
Inlet opens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 BTDC
Inlet closes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 ABDC
Exhaust opens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 BBDC
Exhaust closes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 ATDC
Fuel injection engines:
Inlet opens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 BTDC
Inlet closes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 ABDC
Exhaust opens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 BBDC
Exhaust closes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 ATDC
Valve spring free length:
Inner spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.200 mm (1.899 in)
Outer spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.800 mm (1.844 in)
Inlet valve stem diameter:
Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.025 to 7.043 mm
Oversize 0.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.225 to 7.243 mm
Oversize 0.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.425 to 7.443 mm
Oversize 0.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.625 to 7.643 mm
Oversize 0.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.825 to 7.843 mm
Exhaust valve stem diameter:
Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.999 to 7.017 mm
Oversize 0.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.199 to 7.217 mm
Oversize 0.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.399 to 7.417 mm
Oversize 0.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.599 to 7.617 mm
Oversize 0.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.799 to 7.817 mm

Lubrication system
Oil type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Multigrade engine oil, viscosity range SAE 10W/30 to 20W/50, to API
SG/CD or better
Oil capacity:
With filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5 litres (7.9 pints)
Without filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.0 litres (7.0 pints)
Oil filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Champion C102
 DOHC engine 2B3

Torque wrench settings Nm lbf ft

Main bearing cap bolts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 to 104 66 to 77
Connecting rod (big-end bearing cap) bolts:
Stage 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 to 8 4 to 6
Stage 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 to 17 11 to 13
Stage 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Angle-tighten a further 85
Crankshaft pulley bolt:
Stage 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 58 33 to 43
Stage 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Angle-tighten a further 80
Camshaft sprocket bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 to 63 41 to 46
Flywheel bolts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 to 92 61 to 68
Oil pump bolts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 to 12 7 to 9
Oil pump sprocket bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 12 to 14
Oil pump chain tensioner bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 to 13 7 to 10
Sump bolts and nuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 to 10 6 to 7
Sump studs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 to 8 4 to 6
Sump drain plug . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 to 28 15 to 21
Sump front mounting plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 to 28 17 to 21
Oil baffle nuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 to 21 13 to 15
Oil pick-up pipe-to-cylinder block bolts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 to 13 7 to 10
Oil pressure warning lamp switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 22 13 to 16
Cylinder head bolts:
M11 bolts:
Stage 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 30
Stage 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 41
Stage 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Angle-tighten a further 90
Stage 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Angle-tighten a further 90
M8 bolts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 to 39 27 to 29
Camshaft cover bolts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 to 8 4 to 6
Camshaft bearing cap nuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 to 26 16 to 19
Lower timing chain guide upper bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 to 13 7 to 10 2B
Lower timing chain guide lower bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 to 28 18 to 21
Upper and lower timing chain cover bolts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 to 10 5 to 7
Crankshaft rear oil seal housing bolts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 to 11 6 to 8
Engine-to-gearbox/transmission bolts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 to 41 21 to 30

Lubrication is by means of a bi-rotor pump

which draws oil through a strainer located 3 Major operations possible with
1 General information
inside the sump, and forces it through a full- the engine in the vehicle
flow filter into the engine oil galleries, from
The 2.0 litre DOHC (Double OverHead The following operations can be carried out
where it is distributed to the crankshaft and
Camshaft) engine was introduced in August without removing the engine from the vehicle:
camshafts. The big-end bearings are supplied a) Removal of the camshafts.
1989 to replace the 2.0 litre SOHC engine
with oil via internal drillings in the crankshaft. b) Removal and servicing of the cylinder head
used previously in the Sierra range. The
engine is of four-cylinder, in-line type. The undersides of the pistons are supplied c) Removal of the timing chain and
with oil from drillings in the connecting rods. sprockets.
The crankshaft incorporates five main
The hydraulic cam followers are supplied with d) Removal of the oil pump.
bearings. Thrustwashers are fitted to the
e) Removal of the sump.
centre main bearing in order to control oil from passages in the cylinder head. The
f) Removal of the pistons and connecting
crankshaft endfloat. camshafts are lubricated by oil from spray rods.
The camshafts are driven by a chain from tubes mounted above the camshaft bearing g) Removal of the big-end bearings.
the crankshaft, and operate the angled valves caps. h) Removal of the engine mountings
via hydraulic cam followers. One camshaft A closed crankcase ventilation system is i) Removal of the clutch and flywheel.
operates the inlet valves, and the other employed, whereby piston blow-by gases are j) Removal of the crankshaft front and rear
operates the exhaust valves. The operation of oil seals.
drawn from the crankcase, through a breather
the cam followers is explained in Chapter 2,
pipe into the inlet manifold, where they are
Part C, but note that no rollers are fitted and 4 Major operations requiring
burnt with fresh air/fuel mixture.
the base of each cam follower is in direct engine removal
contact with the cam profile.
The distributor is driven directly from the 2 Crankcase ventilation system - The following operation can only be carried out
front of the inlet camshaft, and the oil pump is inspection and maintenance after removing the engine from the vehicle:
driven by a chain from the crankshaft. An a) Removal of the crankshaft and main
electric fuel pump is mounted in the fuel tank. Refer to Chapter 1, Section 35. bearings.
2B4 DOHC engine

5.5 Removing the hose support bracket 5.22 Earth strap position on top engine-to- 5.29 Removing the lower steering column
bolt from the cylinder head gearbox (arrowed) clamp bolt
14 On fuel injection models, disconnect the engine compartment. Note the location of the
5 Engine - removal leaving vacuum pipes from the MAP sensor (located bolts, and note the positions of the earth strap
manual gearbox in vehicle at the rear right-hand side of the engine and any wiring clips attached to the bolts (see
compartment) and, where applicable, from the illustration).
air conditioning system. 23 Unscrew the securing bolt, and
Warning: Vehicles equipped 15 On carburettor models, disconnect the disconnect the earth lead from the rear left-
with air conditioning: fuel supply and return hoses at the hand side of the cylinder head.
Components of the air carburettor, and plug the ends of the hoses to 24 Unscrew the nuts securing the engine
conditioning system may minimise petrol spillage. Take adequate fire mountings to the engine mounting brackets.
obstruct work being undertaken precautions. 25 Apply the handbrake, jack up the front of
on the engine and it is not always possible 16 On fuel injection models, slowly loosen the vehicle and support it securely on axle
to unbolt and move them aside
the fuel feed union at the fuel rail, to relieve stands (see Jacking and Vehicle Support).
sufficiently, within the limits of their
the pressure in the fuel system before 26 Drain the engine oil into a suitable
flexible connecting pipes. In such a case,
disconnecting the union. Be prepared for container.
the system should be discharged by a
petrol spillage, and take adequate fire 27 Remove the starter motor.
Ford dealer or air conditioning specialist.
precautions. Disconnect the fuel feed hose, 28 Remove the exhaust downpipe.
The refrigerant is harmless under normal
conditions but in the presence of a naked and disconnect the fuel return hose from the 29 Ensure that the steering wheel is
flame (or a lighted cigarette) it forms a fuel pressure regulator. Plug the ends of the positioned in the straight-ahead position, then
highly toxic gas. Liquid refrigerant spilled hoses to minimise petrol spillage. remove the clamp bolt from the lower steering
on the skin will cause frostbite. If 17 Disconnect the throttle cable and move it column clamp, swivel the plate to one side, and
refrigerant enters the eyes, rinse them to one side. disconnect the lower steering column from the
with a diluted solution of boric acid and 18 Disconnect the HT lead from the ignition lower flexible coupling (see illustration).
seek medical advice immediately. coil, and unclip it from the timing chain cover. 30 Working inside the vehicle, place a wooden
19 Disconnect the wiring from the following block under the clutch pedal to raise it fully
Note: A hoist and lifting tackle will be components as applicable, depending on against its stop, so holding the automatic
required. model: adjuster pawl clear of the toothed quadrant.
1 Disconnect the battery negative lead. Alternator. 31 Disconnect the clutch cable from the
2 Remove the bonnet. Starter motor. clutch release arm, and pass the cable
3 On carburettor models, remove the air Oil pressure warning lamp switch. through the bellhousing.
cleaner. Temperature gauge sender. 32 Support the gearbox with a trolley jack,
4 On fuel injection models, remove the air Cooling fan switch. using a block of wood between the jack and
inlet hose, plenum chamber, and air cleaner Anti-dieselling valve (carburettor models). the gearbox to spread the load.
lid as an assembly. Automatic choke heater (carburettor models). 33 Unscrew and remove the remaining
5 Disconnect the breather hose from the Engine coolant temperature sensor. engine-to-gearbox bolts, and remove the bolt
camshaft cover, and unscrew the bolt securing Crankshaft speed/position sensor. from the engine adapter plate (see
the hose support bracket to the left-hand side Air charge temperature sensor. illustration). Recover any shims fitted
of the cylinder head (see illustration). Throttle position sensor. between the sump and the gearbox when
6 Drain the cooling system. Fuel temperature sensor. removing the lower engine-to-gearbox bolts.
7 To provide additional working space, Fuel injectors.
remove the radiator. 20 On models fitted with power steering,
8 Disconnect the coolant hoses from the unbolt the power steering pump from its
coolant pump housing on the left-hand side of mounting bracket and move it clear of the
the engine. engine. Note that there is no need to
9 Disconnect the coolant hoses from the disconnect the fluid hoses, but make sure that
thermostat housing.
the pump is adequately supported to avoid
10 Disconnect the heater coolant hose from
straining them.
the inlet manifold.
21 On models fitted with air conditioning,
11 Where applicable, release the coolant
unbolt the air conditioning compressor from
hose from the bracket under the carburettor
its mounting bracket, and move it clear of the
automatic choke housing.
12 On carburettor models, disconnect the engine. Do not disconnect the hoses; make
vacuum pipe from the engine management sure that the compressor is adequately
module. supported to avoid straining them.
13 Disconnect the brake servo vacuum hose 22 Unscrew and remove the top engine-to- 5.33 Engine adapter plate bolt (arrowed)
from the inlet manifold. gearbox bolts which are accessible from the
 DOHC engine 2B5

5.36 Remove the engine mounting 5.37 Removing a brake line securing clip 5.38 Removing a suspension crossmember
brackets to improve clearance from the suspension crossmember securing bolt
34 Make a final check to ensure that all
relevant wires, pipes and hoses have been 6 Engine - removal leaving 7 Engine/manual gearbox
disconnected to facilitate engine removal. automatic transmission in assembly - removal and
35 Attach a suitable hoist to the engine lifting vehicle separation
brackets located at the front and rear of the
cylinder head, and carefully take the weight of Note: Refer to the warning at the beginning of Note: Refer to the warning at the beginning of
the engine. Section 5 before proceeding. A suitable hoist Section 5 before proceeding. A suitable hoist
36 To improve clearance in the engine and lifting tackle will be required for this and lifting tackle will be required for this
compartment when lifting the engine, unbolt operation. operation.
the engine mounting brackets from the 1 Proceed as described in paragraphs 1 to 21
cylinder block, and remove them (see of Section 5. Removal
illustration). 2 Unscrew and remove the top engine-to- 1 Proceed as described in paragraphs 1 to 21
37 Detach the brake lines from the front transmission bolts which are accessible from of Section 5.
suspension crossmember (see illustration). the engine compartment. Note the location of 2 Unscrew the securing bolt, and disconnect
38 Support the crossmember with a jack (do the earth strap, vacuum pipe bracket, and the earth lead from the rear left-hand side of
not remove the jack from under the gearbox), transmission dipstick tube bracket, as the cylinder head. 2B
then loosen the bolts securing the applicable. 3 Unscrew the nuts securing the engine
crossmember to the underbody. Remove the 3 Proceed as described in paragraphs 23 to 29 mountings to the engine mounting brackets.
bolts from one side (see illustration), and of Section 5. 4 Jack up the vehicle and support it securely
carefully lower the crossmember sufficiently 4 Where applicable, remove the bolt securing on axle stands (see Jacking and Vehicle
to allow the sump to clear the steering rack the transmission fluid dipstick tube to the left- Support).
and crossmember when pulling the engine hand side of the cylinder block. Ensure that there is enough working room
forwards from the gearbox. 5 Working through the starter motor aperture, beneath the vehicle.
39 Gently raise the engine, then pull it unscrew the four torque converter-to- 5 To improve access, disconnect the exhaust
forwards to disconnect it from the gearbox. driveplate nuts. It will be necessary to turn the downpipe from the manifold, and remove the
Ensure that the gearbox is adequately crankshaft, using a suitable spanner on the exhaust system.
crankshaft pulley bolt, in order to gain access 6 Drain the engine oil into a suitable
supported, and take care not to strain the
to each bolt in turn through the aperture. container.
gearbox input shaft. It may be necessary to
6 Support the transmission with a trolley jack, 7 On models fitted with a catalytic converter,
rock the engine a little to release it from the
using a block of wood between the jack and release the securing clips, and withdraw the
gearbox.
the transmission to spread the load. exhaust heat shield from under the vehicle for
40 Once clear of the gearbox, lift the engine
7 Unscrew and remove the remaining engine- access to the propeller shaft.
from the vehicle, taking care not to damage 8 Remove the propeller shaft.
to-transmission bolts, and remove the bolt
the components in the engine compartment 9 Where applicable, bend back the locktabs,
from the engine adapter plate. Recover any
(see illustration). then unscrew the two bolts in each case
shims fitted between the sump and the
transmission when removing the lower engine- securing the two anti-roll bar U-clamps to the
to-transmission bolts. Where applicable, pull vehicle underbody. Lower the anti-roll bar as
the blanking plug from the adapter plate. far as possible.
8 Proceed as described in paragraphs 34 to 38 10 Working inside the vehicle, place a
of Section 5. wooden block under the clutch pedal to raise
9 Gently raise the engine, then pull the engine it fully against its stop, so holding the
forwards to disconnect it from the automatic adjuster pawl clear of the toothed
transmission. Ensure that the torque converter quadrant.
is held firmly in place in the transmission 11 Disconnect the clutch cable from the
housing, otherwise it could fall out, resulting in clutch release arm, and pass the cable
fluid spillage and possible damage. It may be through the bellhousing.
necessary to rock the engine a little to release 12 Support the gearbox with a trolley jack,
it from the transmission. using a block of wood between the jack and
10 Once clear of the transmission, lift the the gearbox to spread the load.
engine from the vehicle, taking care not to 13 Unscrew the four nuts securing the
5.40 Lifting the engine from the vehicle damage the components in the engine gearbox crossmember to the vehicle
compartment. underbody. Unscrew the central bolt securing
2B6 DOHC engine

the crossmember to the gearbox, and remove Separation transmission crossmember to the vehicle
the crossmember. Note the position of the underbody. Unscrew the central bolt securing
28 To separate the engine from the gearbox,
earth strap, where applicable. Recover the the crossmember to the transmission, and
proceed as follows.
mounting cup, and where applicable the remove the crossmember. Note the position
29 Remove the starter motor.
exhaust mounting bracket and heat shield. of the earth strap, where applicable. Recover
30 Support the engine and gearbox
14 Lower the gearbox slightly on the jack, the mounting cup, and where applicable, the
horizontally on blocks of wood.
then remove the securing circlip, and exhaust mounting bracket and heat shield.
31 Unscrew the engine-to-gearbox bolts,
disconnect the speedometer drive cable from 12 Lower the transmission slightly on the
noting the locations of the bolts, and the
the gearbox. jack.
positions of the earth strap and any wiring
15 Disconnect the wiring from the reversing
clips attached to the bolts. Recover any shims 13 Unscrew the unions and disconnect the
lamp switch. On models with fuel injection, fitted between the sump and the gearbox fluid cooler pipes from the transmission. Plug
disconnect the wiring from the vehicle speed when removing the lower engine-to-gearbox the open ends of the pipes and the
sensor mounted in the side of the gearbox. bolts.
16 Unscrew the two securing bolts, and transmission, to prevent dirt ingress and fluid
32 Unscrew the bolt from the engine adapter leakage. Where applicable, detach the fluid
disconnect the gear linkage support bracket plate.
from the gearbox. cooler pipe bracket from the engine mounting
33 Pull the engine and gearbox apart, taking bracket, and move it to one side.
17 Using a suitable pin punch, drive out the care not to strain the gearbox input shaft. It
roll-pin securing the gearchange rod to the 14 Remove the two clips securing the
may be necessary to rock the units slightly to
gear linkage. selector rod, and detach the selector rod from
separate them.
18 Attach a suitable hoist to the engine lifting the manual selector lever, and from the
brackets located at the front and rear of the selector lever on the transmission.
cylinder head, and carefully take the weight of 8 Engine/automatic 15 Disconnect the wiring from the starter
the engine. Arrange the lifting tackle so that transmission assembly - inhibitor switch, kickdown solenoid, lock-up
the engine/gearbox assembly will assume a removal and separation clutch, reversing lamp switch, and where
steep angle of approximately 40 to 45 as it is applicable, the 3rd/4th gearchange solenoid.
being removed. Note: Refer to the warning at the beginning of 16 Remove the securing screw, and
19 To improve clearance in the engine Section 5 before proceeding. A suitable hoist disconnect the speedometer cable from the
compartment when lifting the engine, unbolt and lifting tackle will be required for this transmission extension housing. Plug the
the engine mounting brackets from the operation. Any suspected faults in the opening in the transmission to prevent dirt
cylinder block, and remove them. automatic transmission should be referred to a ingress.
20 Ensure that the steering wheel is Ford dealer or automatic transmission 17 Proceed as described in paragraphs 18 to
positioned in the straight-ahead position, then specialist before removal of unit, as the 27 of Section 7, substituting transmission for
remove the clamp bolt from the lower steering specialist fault diagnosis equipment is gearbox, and ignoring paragraph 25.
column clamp, swivel the plate to one side, designed to operate with the transmission in
and disconnect the lower steering column the vehicle. Separation
from the lower flexible coupling.
Removal 18 To separate the engine from the
21 Detach the brake lines from the front
transmission, proceed as follows.
suspension crossmember. 1 Proceed as described in paragraphs 1 to 21
22 Support the crossmember with a jack (do 19 Remove the starter motor.
of Section 5.
not remove the jack from under the gearbox), 2 Unscrew the securing bolt, and disconnect 20 Support the engine and transmission
then loosen the bolts securing the the earth lead from the rear left-hand side of horizontally on blocks of wood.
crossmember to the underbody. Remove the the cylinder head. 21 Working through the starter motor
crossmember securing bolts, and carefully 3 Unscrew the nuts securing the engine aperture, unscrew the four torque converter-
lower the crossmember sufficiently to allow mountings to the engine mounting brackets. to-driveplate nuts. It will be necessary to turn
the engine sump to clear the steering rack and 4 Jack up the vehicle and support it securely the crankshaft using a suitable spanner on the
crossmember as the engine/gearbox on axle stands. (see Jacking and Vehicle crankshaft pulley bolt in order to gain access
assembly is removed. Support). to each nut in turn through the aperture.
23 Make a final check to ensure that all Ensure that there is enough working room 22 Where applicable, remove the bolt
relevant wires, pipes and hoses have been beneath the vehicle. securing the transmission fluid dipstick tube
disconnected to facilitate removal of the en- 5 To improve access, disconnect the exhaust to the left-hand side of the cylinder block.
gine/gearbox assembly. downpipe from the manifold, and remove the 23 Unscrew the engine-to-transmission
24 Raise the engine/gearbox, at the same exhaust system. bolts, noting the locations of the bolts, and
time lowering the trolley jack which is 6 Drain the engine oil into a suitable the positions of the earth strap and any wiring
supporting the gearbox. container. clips attached to the bolts. Recover any shims
25 Place a suitable rod across the vehicle 7 On models fitted with a catalytic converter, fitted between the sump and the transmission
underbody to support the gear linkage release the securing clips and withdraw the when removing the lower engine-to-
support bracket whilst the gearbox is exhaust heat shield from under the vehicle for
transmission bolts.
removed. access to the propeller shaft.
24 Unscrew the bolt from the engine adapter
26 Tilt the engine/gearbox assembly using 8 Remove the propeller shaft.
the hoist and the trolley jack, until the plate and, where applicable, pull the blanking
9 Where applicable, bend back the locktabs,
assembly can be lifted from the vehicle. Take then unscrew the two bolts in each case plug from the adapter plate.
care not to damage surrounding components. securing the two anti-roll bar U-clamps to the 25 Pull the engine and the transmission
27 If the vehicle is to be moved while the vehicle underbody. Lower the anti-roll bar as apart, ensuring that the torque converter is
engine/gearbox assembly is removed, far as possible. held firmly in place in the transmission
temporarily refit the suspension crossmember 10 Support the transmission with a trolley housing, otherwise it could fall out, resulting in
and the anti-roll bar to the underbody, and jack, using a block of wood between the jack fluid spillage and possible damage. It may be
reconnect the steering column to the and the transmission to spread the load. necessary to rock the units slightly to
intermediate shaft. 11 Unscrew the four bolts securing the separate them.
 DOHC engine 2B7

5 As the engine is installed, guide the torque

9 Engine - refitting (manual converter studs through the holes in the 12 Engine/automatic
gearbox in vehicle) driveplate. When the engine is positioned transmission assembly -
flush with the engine adapter plate and the reconnection and refitting
1 Reverse the procedure described in transmission housing, check that the torque
paragraphs 1 to 40, Section 5, noting the converter is free to move axially a small 1 Reverse the procedure described in
following points. amount before refitting and tightening the paragraphs 1 to 25 of Section 8, noting the
2 Before attempting to refit the engine, check engine-to-transmission bolts. following points.
that the clutch friction disc is centralised. 6 Do not tighten the torque converter-to- 2 Check that the engine adapter plate is
3 Check that the clutch release arm and driveplate nuts until the lower engine-to- correctly positioned on its locating dowels. If
bearing are correctly fitted, and lightly grease transmission bolts have been fitted and necessary, a cable-tie can be used to
the input shaft splines. temporarily secure the adapter plate in
tightened.
4 Check that the engine adapter plate is position on the cylinder block, using one of
7 Ensure that the roadwheels and the
correctly positioned on its locating dowels. If the engine-to-transmission bolt holes.
necessary, a cable-tie can be used to steering wheel are in the straight-ahead
3 As the torque converter is only loosely
temporarily secure the adapter plate in position before reconnecting the lower
engaged in the transmission, care must be
position on the cylinder block using one of the steering column to the intermediate shaft. taken to prevent the torque converter from
engine-to-gearbox bolt holes. 8 Fill the engine with the correct grade and falling out forwards. When the torque
5 If shims were fitted between the sump and quantity of oil. converter hub is fully engaged with the fluid
the gearbox, refit them in their original 9 Check the throttle cable adjustment. pump drivegear in the transmission, distance
locations when mating the engine to the 10 Fill the cooling system. A in illustration 2.24 of Chapter 7B must be
gearbox. If the engine has been overhauled, 11 Tighten all fixings to the specified torque, as specified. Incorrect installation of the
where applicable fit the relevant shims as where applicable. torque converter will result in damage to the
calculated during engine reassembly. transmission.
6 Reconnect the clutch cable to the release 4 If shims were fitted between the sump and
arm, ensuring that it is routed as noted during 11 Engine/manual gearbox the transmission, refit them in their original
removal. assembly - reconnection and locations when mating the engine to the
7 Ensure that the roadwheels and the refitting transmission. If the engine has been
steering wheel are in the straight-ahead overhauled, where applicable fit the relevant
position before reconnecting the lower 1 Reverse the procedure described in shims as calculated during engine
steering column to the intermediate shaft, and paragraphs 1 to 33 of Section 7, noting the reassembly. 2B
tighten the clamp bolt to the specified torque. following points. 5 As the engine and transmission are mated
8 Fill the engine with the correct grade and 2 Before attempting to reconnect the engine together, guide the torque converter studs
quantity of oil. through the holes in the driveplate. When the
to the gearbox, check that the clutch friction
9 Check the throttle cable adjustment. engine is positioned flush with the engine
disc is centralised.
10 Fill the cooling system. adapter plate and the transmission housing,
11 Tighten all fixings to the specified torque, 3 Check that the clutch release arm and
check that the torque converter is free to
where applicable. bearing are correctly fitted, and lightly grease move axially a small amount before refitting
the input shaft splines. and tightening the engine-to-transmission
4 Check that the engine adapter plate is bolts.
10 Engine - refitting (automatic correctly positioned on its locating dowels. If 6 Do not tighten the torque converter-to-
transmission in vehicle) necessary, a cable-tie can be used to driveplate nuts until the lower engine-to-
temporarily secure the adapter plate in transmission bolts have been fitted and
1 Reverse the procedure in paragraphs 1 to tightened.
position on the cylinder block, using one of
10 of Section 6, noting the following points. 7 Ensure that the roadwheels and the
the engine-to-gearbox bolt holes.
2 Check that the engine adapter plate is steering wheel are in the straight-ahead
5 If shims were fitted between the sump and
correctly positioned on its locating dowels. If position before reconnecting the lower
necessary, a cable-tie can be used to the gearbox, refit them in their original
locations when mating the engine to the steering column to the intermediate shaft.
temporarily secure the adapter plate in 8 Reconnect the selector rod and check for
position on the cylinder block, using one of gearbox. If the engine has been overhauled,
correct adjustment.
the engine-to-transmission bolt holes. where applicable fit the relevant shims as
9 Fill the engine with the correct grade and
3 As the torque converter is only loosely calculated during engine reassembly.
quantity of oil.
engaged in the transmission, care must be 6 Ensure that the roadwheels and the 10 Check the throttle cable adjustment.
taken to prevent the torque converter from steering wheel are in the straight-ahead 11 Fill the cooling system.
falling out forwards. When the torque position before reconnecting the lower 12 Check and if necessary top-up the
converter hub is fully engaged with the fluid steering column to the intermediate shaft. transmission fluid level.
pump drivegear in the transmission, distance 7 Reconnect the clutch cable to the release 13 Tighten all fixings to the specified torque,
A in illustration 2.24 of Chapter 7B must be arm, ensuring that it is routed as noted during where applicable.
as specified. Incorrect installation of the
removal.
torque converter will result in damage to the
8 Fill the engine with the correct grade and
transmission. 13 Engine mountings - renewal
4 If shims were fitted between the sump and quantity of oil.
the transmission, refit them in their original 9 Check the throttle cable adjustment.
locations when mating the engine to the 10 Fill the cooling system. Proceed as described in Chapter 2, Part C,
transmission. If the engine has been 11 Check and if necessary top-up the but note that on certain models it may be
overhauled, where applicable fit the relevant gearbox oil level. necessary to unbolt the engine mounting
shims as calculated during engine 12 Tighten all fixings to the specified torque, brackets from the cylinder block to allow
reassembly. where applicable. sufficient clearance to remove the mountings.
2B8 DOHC engine

14 Engine dismantling,
examination, renovation and
reassembly - general information

Dismantling
1 Refer to Chapter 2, Part A, Section 18,
paragraphs 1 to 8 inclusive.
2 A suitable selection of splined and Torx
sockets will be required to remove many of
the bolts when dismantling the engine.
3 Before dismantling the main engine
components, the following externally-
mounted ancillary components can be
removed, with reference to the relevant
Chapters of this Manual and the relevant
Sections of this Chapter, where applicable.
Inlet manifold (and carburettor, if applicable)
Exhaust manifold
Alternator.
Coolant pump, and thermostat
Alternator/coolant pump drivebelt tensioner
Distributor cap, HT leads and spark plugs
Oil pressure warning lamp switch
Crankshaft speed/position sensor
Oil filter
Dipstick
Engine mounting brackets (if not already done)
Crankcase ventilation pipe and hoses
Clutch
Alternator mounting bracket.
Air conditioning compressor mounting
bracket (where applicable).
Engine lifting brackets.
Examination and renovation
4 Refer to Chapter 2, Part A, Section 18, but
15.2 Timing chain, oil pump drive chain and associated components
note that the connecting rod bolts should be
renewed on reassembly, and when renewing 1 Upper timing chain guide 10 Oil pressure relief valve
the cylinder head bolts, the latest type bolts 2 Exhaust camshaft sprocket 11 Oil passage to timing chain tensioner
with hexagonal heads should always be used. 3 Timing chain plunger
Reassembly 4 Lower timing chain guide 12 Plug
5 Crankshaft sprocket (double) 13 Timing chain tensioner plunger
5 Proceed as described in Chapter 2, Part A, 6 Crankshaft 14 Timing chain tensioner sprocket
Section 18, noting the following:
7 Oil pump chain tensioner 15 Timing chain tensioner arm
6 If they have been removed, new cylinder
8 Oil pump drive chain 16 Inlet camshaft sprocket
head bolts (both M11 and M8, of the latest
type with hexagonal heads), flywheel bolts, 9 Oil pump 17 Copper chain links
and connecting rod bolts must be used.
c) On carburettor models, remove the air the puller must be suitably shaped to enable
15 Timing chain and sprockets - cleaner. them to rest on the metal surfaces of the
removal and refitting d) On fuel injection models, remove the air pulley. Do not use a puller on the rubber
inlet hose, plenum chamber, and air surface of the pulley (see illustrations).
Note: Refer to the warning at the beginning of cleaner lid as an assembly.
Section 5 before proceeding. A suitable puller e) Disconnect the breather hose from the
will be required to remove the crankshaft pulley. camshaft cover.
A new crankshaft pulley bolt, a new timing chain f) Remove the distributor cap and HT leads,
tensioner plunger assembly, new upper and and the rotor arm and housing.
lower timing chain cover gaskets, and a new 2 Proceed as described in paragraphs 2 to 11
camshaft cover gasket and reinforcing sleeve inclusive of Section 18 (see illustration).
sealing rings, must be used on refitting. 3 Remove the alternator drivebelt.
4 Slacken the crankshaft pulley bolt. Prevent
Removal the crankshaft from turning by engaging top
1 If the engine is in the car, carry out the gear (manual gearbox only) and having an
following operations: assistant press the brake pedal hard, or by
a) Disconnect the battery negative lead. removing the starter motor and jamming the
b) To improve access, remove the radiator. It ring gear teeth with a lever.
will be difficult to remove the crankshaft 5 Unscrew the bolt part-way, and use a puller 15.5a Remove the crankshaft pulley using
pulley with the radiator in place. to remove the crankshaft pulley. The legs of a puller (viewed from under vehicle)
 DOHC engine 2B9

15.5b Position the legs of the puller on the 15.9 Oil pump chain tensioner securing 15.11 Withdrawing the lower timing chain
metal surfaces of the pulley (A), not the screw (arrowed) guide
rubber surface (B)
6 Loosen the alternator lower mounting coppered links as described during the 22 Proceed as shown in paragraphs 34 to 42
through-bolt, then remove the alternator following procedure. If the coppered links are of Section 18 but when fitting the chain over
upper mounting bolt, and swing the alternator not visible, the chain should still be refitted as the camshaft sprockets, align the timing mark
away from the engine. described, but ignore the references to the on each sprocket between the two
7 Unscrew the central securing bolt, and coppered links. corresponding coppered links in the chain.
withdraw the drivebelt tensioner assembly. 15 Make sure that the slot for the Woodruff 23 Coat the threads of the lower timing chain
8 Unscrew the eleven securing bolts, and key in the end of the crankshaft is pointing guide upper securing bolt with a suitable
remove the lower timing chain cover. Recover vertically downwards. If necessary, thread-locking compound, then fit the bolt
the rubber gasket. temporarily refit the crankshaft pulley bolt in and tighten it finger-tight.
9 Using a suitable Torx socket, unscrew the order to turn the crankshaft to the required 24 Proceed as shown in paragraphs 43 to 46
securing screw, and carefully withdraw the oil position. of Section 18.
pump chain tensioner (see illustration). 16 Lower the timing chain into the timing 25 Tighten the two chain guide securing
10 Unscrew the Torx type securing bolt, and case from above, with the single coppered bolts to the specified torque.
withdraw the oil pump sprocket, complete link at the bottom. If desired, use a cable-tie 26 Proceed as shown in paragraphs 47 to 55
with the oil pump drive chain. to prevent the chain from dropping into the
of Section 18. 2B
11 Unscrew the two lower timing chain guide timing case, as during removal.
27 Fit the oil pump drive chain around the
securing bolts, noting their locations, and 17 Locate the double chain sprocket loosely
outer crankshaft sprocket and the oil pump
withdraw the timing chain guide through the over the end of the crankshaft (larger sprocket
sprocket, then refit the oil pump sprocket, and
top of the timing case (see illustration). nearest the crankcase), with the timing mark
tighten the securing bolt to the specified
12 Remove the Woodruff key from the end of pointing vertically down.
the crankshaft, prising it free with a 18 Fit the chain over the inner, larger torque. If necessary, a screwdriver can be
screwdriver if necessary, then slide the double sprocket, aligning the coppered link in the inserted through one of the holes in the
chain sprocket from the end of the crankshaft, chain with the timing mark on the sprocket sprocket to prevent it from turning as the
and lift the chain from the sprocket (see (see illustration). securing bolt is tightened.
illustration). 19 Coat the threads of the lower timing chain 28 Refit the oil pump drive chain tensioner,
13 Withdraw the timing chain through the top guide lower securing bolt with a suitable and tighten the securing bolt to the specified
of the timing case and, where applicable, thread-locking compound. torque.
remove the cable-tie from the chain (see 20 Introduce the lower timing chain guide 29 Refit the Woodruff key to the end of the
illustration). through the top of the timing case, crankshaft.
manipulating the chain around the guide as 30 Inspect the oil seal in the lower timing
Refitting necessary, then fit the chain guide lower chain cover. If the oil seal is in good condition,
14 Commence refitting as follows. Note that securing bolt and tighten it finger-tight. the cover can be refitted as follows, but if the
coppered links are provided in the timing 21 Push the double chain sprocket onto the seal is damaged, or has been leaking, a new
chain to assist with refitting, but these can be crankshaft, engaging the notch in the seal should be fitted to the cover. If
difficult to see on a chain which has already sprocket with the groove in the end of the necessary, carefully prise the old oil seal from
been in service. If possible, position the crankshaft. the cover using a screwdriver. The new seal

15.12 Sliding the double chain sprocket 15.13 Withdrawing the timing chain 15.18 Coppered link in timing chain aligned
from the end of the crankshaft through the top of the timing case with crankshaft sprocket timing mark
(arrowed)
2B10 DOHC engine

should be fitted dry. Drive in the new seal

using a suitable metal tube, making sure that
the seal lip faces into the engine, and taking
care not to damage the timing chain cover
(see illustration).
31 Fit the lower timing chain cover using a
new rubber gasket (see illustration).
32 Loosely refit the timing chain cover
securing bolts.
33 Refit the crankshaft pulley to the end of the
crankshaft, and draw the pulley onto the
crankshaft using the original securing bolt, at the
same time centring the lower timing chain cover.
34 With the lower timing chain cover 15.30 Fitting a new lower timing chain 15.31 Lower timing chain cover rubber
centralised, and the pulley fully home on the
cover oil seal gasket in position. Ensure that lug on
crankshaft, remove the old securing bolt, then
gasket engages with notch in cover
fit a new bolt. 3 Examine the timing chain for wear. If the
(arrowed)
35 Tighten the new crankshaft pulley bolt to chain has been in operation for a considerable
the specified torque, in the two stages given time, or if when held horizontally (rollers head complete with the manifolds and fuel
in the Specifications at the beginning of this vertical) it takes on a deeply-bowed rail). If desired, the inlet manifold and the fuel
Chapter. Prevent the crankshaft from turning appearance, renew it. rail can be unbolted and moved to one side,
as during removal. leaving the wires, hoses, pipes and cables
36 Tighten the lower timing chain cover connected, but care must be taken not to
securing bolts.
17 Cylinder head - removal and
place any strain on them.
37 Refit the drivebelt tensioner assembly, refitting (engine in vehicle) 10 Unscrew the three securing nuts and
ensuring that the lug on the rear of the disconnect the exhaust downpipe from the
tensioner bracket engages with the Note: Refer to the warning at the beginning of manifold. It may be necessary to jack up the
corresponding hole in the cylinder block, and Section 5 and the note at the beginning of the front of the vehicle to gain access to the nuts
tighten the securing bolt. following Section before proceeding. The (in which case, apply the handbrake and
38 Swing the alternator into position to align cylinder head must not be removed when the support the front of the vehicle securely on
the upper mounting bolt hole with the engine is warm.
axle stands). Recover the gasket.
corresponding hole in the drivebelt tensioner
assembly, then refit the upper mounting bolt,
Removal 11 If the inlet manifold and the fuel rail (where
1 Disconnect the battery negative lead. applicable) are to be removed with the
and tighten the upper bolt and the lower cylinder head, disconnect all relevant wires,
through-bolt. 2 On carburettor models, remove the air
cleaner. hoses, pipes and cables. Otherwise, unbolt
39 Refit the alternator drivebelt. the manifold and the fuel rail, and move them
40 If the engine is in the vehicle, reverse the 3 On fuel injection models, remove the air
inlet hose, plenum chamber, and air cleaner to one side, ensuring that they are adequately
operations described in paragraph 1.
lid as an assembly. supported. If the fuel rail is unbolted, be
41 If applicable, refill the cooling system.
4 Drain the cooling system. prepared for fuel spillage, and take adequate
5 Disconnect the heater coolant hose from fire precautions.
16 Timing chain, sprockets and the inlet manifold (see illustration). 12 Proceed as shown in paragraphs 2 to 19
tensioner - examination and 6 Disconnect the breather hose from the of Section 18.
renovation camshaft cover, and unbolt the hose bracket Refitting
from the left-hand side of the cylinder head
(see illustration). 13 Proceed as shown in paragraphs 20 to 55
1 Examine alI the teeth on the camshaft and
7 Unscrew the securing bolt and disconnect of Section 18.
crankshaft sprockets. If the teeth are hooked
the earth lead from the left-hand rear of the 14 With the cylinder head refitted, reverse the
in appearance, renew the sprockets.
2 Examine the chain tensioner plastic cylinder head (see illustration). procedure described in paragraphs 1 to 11,
sprocket for wear. If excessive wear is 8 Remove the distributor cap and HT leads, noting the following points.
evident, the complete tensioner assembly and the rotor arm and housing. If necessary, 15 Use a new gasket when reconnecting the
must be renewed, as the sprocket cannot be mark the HT leads to aid refitting. exhaust downpipe to the manifold.
renewed independently. Note that the 9 The cylinder head can be removed either 16 Ensure that the HT leads are reconnected
tensioner plunger assembly must be renewed with or without the manifolds and fuel rail, correctly.
whenever the timing chain is removed. where applicable (it is easiest to remove the 17 Fill the cooling system.

17.5 Disconnecting the heater coolant 17.6 Hose bracket bolted to cylinder head 17.7 Disconnect the earth lead (arrowed)
hose from the inlet manifold (arrowed) from the cylinder head
 DOHC engine 2B11

18.4 Timing mark positions with No 1

cylinder at TDC

18.5 Removing the inlet camshaft sprocket bolt and the distributor
rotor shaft

the top edge of the cylinder head. Timing the chain. Secure the chain using a cable-tie
18 Cylinder head - removal and notches are provided in the camshaft through two of the chain links, to prevent it
refitting (engine removed) sprockets, and corresponding paint marks are from dropping off the crankshaft sprocket.
provided on the outside edges of the 9 Using a suitable pair of pliers, extract the
Note: New cylinder head bolts, a new cylinder sprockets (see illustration). circlip from the chain tensioner arm pivot pin,
head gasket, a new timing chain tensioner 5 Hold the inlet camshaft sprocket stationary taking care not to drop it into the timing case,
plunger assembly, a new upper timing chain using an improvised tool similar to that then withdraw the pivot pin from the tensioner 2B
cover gasket, and a new camshaft cover shown then unscrew the camshaft sprocket arm (see illustrations). If the pivot pin proves
gasket and reinforcing sleeve sealing rings, bolt and remove the distributor rotor shaft difficult to withdraw, an M6 bolt can be
must be used on refitting. (see illustration). screwed into its end to facilitate removal.
6 Repeat the procedure given in the previous 10 Lift the chain tensioner arm from the
Removal paragraph for the exhaust camshaft, but note timing case.
1 With the manifolds removed, proceed as that a spacer is fitted in place of the
follows. distributor rotor shaft.
2 Unscrew the eleven bolts and four nuts, 7 Squeeze the upper timing chain guide
securing lugs together, using pliers if
and remove the camshaft cover. Recover the
necessary, and withdraw the guide from the
gasket.
plate at the front of the cylinder head (see
3 Unscrew the four securing bolts and three
illustrations).
studs, and remove the upper timing chain
8 Mark the position of the timing chain in
cover. Note the locations of the studs to aid
relation to the camshaft sprockets, so that the
refitting.
chain can be refitted in precisely its original
4 Using a spanner on the crankshaft pulley, position (ie, make alignment marks between
turn the crankshaft to bring No 1 piston to the each sprocket and a corresponding link in the
firing point. With No 1 piston at the firing chain), then slide the camshaft sprockets from
point, the timing marks on the camshaft the camshafts. Withdraw the sprockets and
sprockets should be pointing away from each lay the timing chain over the exhaust side of
other, and should be approximately level with 18.7a Upper timing chain guide securing
the timing case, having eliminated the slack in lugs (arrowed)

18.7b Removing the upper timing chain 18.9a Removing the chain tensioner arm 18.9b Withdrawing the pivot pin from the
guide pivot pin circlip chain tensioner arm
2B12 DOHC engine

18.11 Lifting the chain tensioner plunger 18.13 Lifting off a camshaft oil spray bar 18.14a Lifting off a camshaft bearing cap
assembly from the cylinder head
11 Lift the chain tensioner plunger assembly
from the cylinder head, and discard it (see
illustration).
Warning: Take care when
removing the plunger assembly,
as there is a risk of injury if the
piston flies out.

12 Take note of the markings on the

camshaft bearing caps, then progressively
unscrew the bearing cap securing nuts.
13 Remove the bearing cap securing nuts,
then lift off the camshaft oil spray bars (see
illustration), and the timing chain guide plate. 18.14b Lifting out the exhaust camshaft 18.15 Withdrawing a cam follower
14 Lift off the bearing caps, and then lift out
the two camshafts (see illustrations). Note cylinder head is stuck, tap it free with a soft-
that the inlet camshaft is normally identified faced mallet. Do not insert a lever into the joint
by a green paint mark. If necessary, identify between the cylinder head and block, as this
the camshafts so that they can be refitted in may result in damage to the mating faces.
their correct positions. Place the cylinder head on blocks of wood to
15 Withdraw the cam followers from their prevent damage to the valves.
locations in the cylinder head, keeping them in 19 Recover the gasket, and the locating
order so that they can be refitted in their dowels if they are loose, noting the positions
original locations (see illustration). It is of the locating dowels.
advisable to store the cam followers upright in
an oil bath until they are to be refitted. Ensure Refitting
that the depth of oil is sufficient to fully cover 20 Commence refitting as follows.
the cam followers. 21 Turn the crankshaft so that No 1 piston is
18.16 M8 cylinder head bolts (arrowed)
16 Working at the front of the cylinder head, approximately 20.0 mm (0.8 in) before TDC.
unscrew the three small M8 cylinder head located at front of cylinder head
This precaution will prevent possible contact
bolts which are accessible through the timing between the valves and pistons. 23 Lower the cylinder head onto the gasket,
case (see illustration). 22 Make sure that the mating faces of the making sure that the locating dowels engage.
17 Working in the reverse order to that cylinder block and cylinder head are perfectly 24 Oil the threads of the new main cylinder
shown for the tightening sequence, clean, then refit the locating dowels (where head bolts, and insert them into their locations
progressively loosen the remaining cylinder applicable) and locate a new gasket over the in the cylinder head.
head bolts and withdraw them from the dowels. Note that the gasket can only fit in 25 Tighten the bolts in the order shown (see
cylinder head. one position (see illustration). Do not use illustrations) in the four stages given in the
18 Lift the cylinder head from the block. If the jointing compound. Specifications.

18.25a Cylinder head bolt tightening

18.22 Fitting a new cylinder head gasket sequence 18.25b Tightening a cylinder head bolt
A Long M8 bolt B Short M8 bolt using an angle gauge
 DOHC engine 2B13

18.26 Use new M8 (auxiliary) cylinder head 18.30a Camshaft bearing cap tightening 18.30b Camshaft oil spray bars correctly
bolts with hexagonal heads (A), not earlier- sequence (see text) fitted
type Torx bolts (B)
1 Tighten the nuts for bearing caps L1 and
R1 by half-a-turn (180)
26 Insert the three smaller M8 cylinder head 2 Tighten the nuts for bearing caps L5 and
bolts through the top of the timing case and R5 by half-a-turn (180)
tighten them to the specified torque. Note that 3 Tighten the nuts for bearing caps L3 and
new bolts must be used, and that they should R3 by half-a-turn (180)
be of the latest type, with hexagonal heads 32 Fit bearing caps L2, L4, R2 and R4, and
(see illustration). tap them into position on the cylinder head
27 Lubricate the cam follower bores in the using light taps from a soft-faced mallet.
cylinder head, and the cam followers Tighten the securing nuts evenly by hand.
themselves, then insert the cam followers into 33 Tighten all the bearing cap nuts to the
their original locations in the cylinder head. specified torque in half-turn stages, using the
28 Lubricate the camshaft bearing surfaces following sequence:
in the cylinder head, and the bearing caps. 1 L1 and R1 18.30c Fitting the timing chain guide plate
29 Lubricate the surfaces of the camshafts, 2 L5 and R5
then carefully lay the camshafts in their 3 L3 and R3
position. Take care not to damage the
2B
original positions in the cylinder head. 4 L2 and L4
Position the camshafts with the slots in their 5 R2 and R4 machined surfaces of the camshaft.
front ends pointing away from each other. 34 Fit a new chain tensioner plunger 38 With the sprocket fitted, fit the spacer to
30 Fit and tighten the bearing caps L1, L3, assembly to the housing in the cylinder head the end of the camshaft, and tighten the
L5, R1, R3, and R5 in the sequence shown with the piston uppermost. Before fitting the securing bolt finger-tight (see illustration).
(see illustration) then lay the camshaft oil new plunger assembly, take note of the 39 Lay the timing chain over the inlet
spray bars and the timing chain guide plate in position of the piston (see illustration). The camshaft sprocket, aligning the marks made
position over the studs (see illustrations). assembly is normally supplied with the piston previously on the chain and the sprocket.
31 Carefully tighten the bearing cap securing protruding slightly from the cylinder, or slightly 40 Fit the sprocket to the inlet camshaft, with
nuts by hand in the following sequence to below the top surface of the cylinder (A). If the camshaft in the TDC position (ie with the
lower the camshafts into position. Continue to the new assembly is supplied with the piston inlet camshaft sprocket timing mark in line
tighten the nuts in the sequence given, in partially unlatched (B), or fully unlatched with the top edge of the cylinder head,
small amounts, until the bearing caps contact with the latching ring visible (C), it must not pointing to the inlet side of the engine - see
the cylinder head. be used (see illustration). paragraph 4). Again, turn the camshaft if
necessary to enable the sprocket to be fitted.
Warning: Take care when 41 With the sprocket fitted, fit the distributor
installing the plunger assembly, rotor shaft to the end of the camshaft, and
as there is a risk of injury if the tighten the securing bolt finger-tight. Note that
piston flies out. it is acceptable for the timing chain to sag
35 Locate the chain tensioner arm in slightly between the two pulleys.
position, then insert the pivot pin, and secure
it with the circlip. Take care not to drop the
circlip into the timing-case.
36 Release the cable-tie securing the timing
chain (if used), and lay the chain over the
exhaust camshaft sprocket, aligning the
marks made previously on the chain and
sprocket, so that the timing chain is taut on
the exhaust side of the engine.
18.34 Timing chain tensioner plunger 37 Fit the sprocket to the exhaust camshaft,
assembly with the camshaft in the TDC position (ie with
A Piston retracted - plunger assembly the exhaust camshaft sprocket timing mark in
useable line with the top edge of the cylinder head,
B Piston partially unlatched - discard plunger pointing to the exhaust side of the engine -
assembly see paragraph 4. If necessary, use a pair of 18.38 Spacer and sprocket securing bolt
C Latching ring (1) visible - discard plunger pliers on one of the unmachined sections of fitted to end of camshaft, with camshaft in
assembly the camshaft to turn the camshaft to the TDC TDC position (timing marks arrowed)
2B14 DOHC engine

18.53 Upper timing chain cover securing 18.54 Fitting a camshaft cover reinforcing
stud locations (arrowed) sleeve and sealing ring
18.45 Fabricated tool used to unlatch
50 If the timing marks do not align as c) Ignore the reference to inlet valve
tensioner plunger piston
described, the timing chain has been dampers.
42 Fit a new upper timing chain guide to the incorrectly fitted (probably one chain link d) Refer to the following Section if the
plate at the front of the cylinder head. away from the correct position on one of the cylinder head is to be inspected and
43 Turn the crankshaft clockwise until the camshaft sprockets), and the chain should be renovated.
inlet camshaft begins to turn. removed from the sprockets and refitted
44 If the chain tensioner plunger piston again in the correct position as described
20 Cylinder head - inspection
protrudes from the cylinder, unlatch the piston previously.
by pressing the chain tensioner arm down by 51 Inspect the oil seal in the upper timing and renovation
hand. chain cover. If the oil seal is in good condition,
45 If the plunger piston is below the top the cover can be refitted as follows, but if the 1 Refer to Chapter 2, Part A, noting the
surface of the cylinder, a tool similar to that seal is damaged, or has been leaking, a new following points:
shown (see illustration) must be fabricated to seal should be fitted to the cover. If a) Valve and valve seat cutting and
unlatch the piston. It is suggested that a 2.5 necessary, carefully prise the old oil seal from regrinding can be carried out using
mm diameter welding rod is used to the cover using a screwdriver, and drive in the conventional tools.
manufacture the tool. Use the tool to release new seal using a suitable metal tube. Make b) The cylinder head cannot be resurfaced,
the piston as follows. sure that the seal lip faces into the engine. and if the surface distortion exceeds the
46 Carefully lift the chain tensioner arm with Take care not to damage the timing chain specified limits, the cylinder head must be
a screwdriver, and insert the tool between the cover. renewed.
tensioner arm and the piston. Remove the 52 Fit the upper timing chain cover using a
screwdriver, and release the piston by new rubber gasket. Great care must be taken
21 Camshafts and cam
pressing the tensioner arm down by hand. to avoid damage to the oil seal when passing
Carefully withdraw the tool once the piston the seal over the end of the inlet camshaft. followers - removal, inspection
has been released. Careful manipulation will be required (possibly and refitting
47 Tighten the camshaft sprocket securing using a thin feeler blade) to avoid damage to
bolts to the specified torque, holding the the oil seal sealing lip. Note that the oil seal Note: Once the timing chain has been
sprockets stationary as during removal. should be fitted dry. removed from the camshaft sprockets, do not
48 Turn the crankshaft clockwise through 53 Refit the timing chain cover securing bolts turn the crankshaft until the timing chain has
two complete revolutions, and check that the and studs in their original locations, and been correctly refitted - this is to prevent
timing marks on the camshaft sprockets are tighten them to the specified torque (see contact between the valves and pistons. A
still aligned with the top face of the cylinder illustration). new timing chain tensioner plunger assembly,
head as described in paragraph 4. 54 Remove the reinforcing sleeves from the a new upper timing chain cover gasket, and a
49 Turn the crankshaft clockwise through camshaft cover, and renew the rubber sealing new camshaft cover gasket and reinforcing
another complete revolution, and check that rings. Note that the four short reinforcing sleeve sealing rings, must be used on refitting.
the timing marks on the camshaft sprockets sleeves fit at the front of the cover (see
are facing each other, directly in line with the illustration). Removal
top face of the cylinder head. 55 Refit the camshaft cover using a new 1 If the engine is in the vehicle, carry out the
gasket, and tighten the securing bolts and following operations:
studs to the specified torque. a) Disconnect the battery negative lead.
b) On carburettor models, remove the air
19 Cylinder head - dismantling cleaner.
c) On fuel injection models, remove the air
and reassembly inlet hose, plenum chamber, and air
cleaner lid as an assembly.
Note: A valve spring compressor will be
d) Disconnect the breather hose from the
required during this procedure. New valve
camshaft cover.
stem oil seals should be used on reassembly.
e) Remove the distributor cap and HT leads,
1 Proceed as described in Chapter 2, Part C,
and the rotor arm and housing. If
noting the following points:
necessary, mark the HT leads to aid
a) Ignore the references to removing and
refitting.
refitting the camshaft.
19.1 Withdrawing the double valve springs 2 Proceed as described in paragraphs 2 to 15
b) Double valve springs are used on all the
from the cylinder head valves (see illustration). inclusive of Section 18.
 DOHC engine 2B15

Inspection 4 Ideally, the new oil seal should be installed

3 Examine the surfaces of the camshaft 23 Crankshaft front oil seal - using a tool similar to that shown (see
renewal illustration). A suitable tool can be
journals and lobes and the contact surfaces of
improvised using a metal tube of suitable
the cam followers for wear. If wear is
Note: A suitable puller will be required to diameter, a metal disc or flat bar, and two
excessive considerable noise would have
remove the crankshaft pulley. A new flywheel bolts. Draw the seal into position
been noticed from the top of the engine when
crankshaft pulley bolt, and a new lower timing using the two flywheel bolts. Make sure that
running, and new camshafts and followers
chain cover gasket, must be used on refitting. the seal lip faces into the engine.
must be fitted. It is unlikely that this level of
1 The crankshaft front oil seal is located in the 5 With the oil seal installed, carefully pull the
wear will occur unless a considerable mileage
lower timing chain cover. tape from the edge of the crankshaft.
has been covered. Note that the cam
2 If the engine is in the car, carry out the 6 Refit the engine adapter plate and the
followers cannot be dismantled for renewal of
following operations: flywheel/driveplate.
individual components.
4 Check the camshaft bearing surfaces in the a) Disconnect the battery negative lead.
cylinder head and the bearing caps for wear. If b) To improve access, remove the radiator. It
excessive wear is evident, the only course of will be difficult to remove the crankshaft 25 Sump - removal and refitting
action available is to renew the cylinder head pulley with the radiator in place.
and bearing caps. c) On fuel injection models, remove the air
Warning: A new sump gasket will
5 Check the cam follower bores in the inlet hose, plenum chamber, and air
be required on refitting, and
cylinder head for wear. If excessive wear is cleaner lid as an assembly. suitable sealing compound will
evident, the cylinder head must be renewed. 3 Proceed as described in paragraphs 3 to 8 be required to coat the sump and
6 Check the cam follower oil grooves and the of Section 15. cylinder block mating faces.
oil ports in the cylinder head for obstructions. 4 With the lower timing chain cover removed, Shims may be required when mating the
prise the old oil seal from the cover using a engine and gearbox/transmission - see text.
Refitting screwdriver, and drive in the new seal using a
7 Refit the cam followers and the camshafts suitable metal tube. Make sure that the seal Removal
as described in paragraphs 27 to 55 of lip faces into the engine. Take care not to 1 Sump removal and refitting is far easier if
Section 18. damage the timing chain cover. the engine is removed from the vehicle - if so,
8 If the engine is in the vehicle, reverse the 5 Refit the lower timing chain cover as proceed to paragraph 9. However, if the
operations given in paragraph 1. described in paragraphs 31 to 39 of Section engine is in the vehicle, proceed as follows.
15. 2 Remove the gearbox and clutch, or
6 If the engine is in the vehicle, reverse the automatic transmission, as applicable. 2B
22 Flywheel/driveplate - removal
operations given in paragraph 2. 3 Remove the flywheel/driveplate and the
inspection and refitting
engine adapter plate.
24 Crankshaft rear oil seal - 4 Drain the engine oil into a container.
Note: New flywheel/driveplate securing bolts
5 Ensure that the steering wheel is positioned
must be used on refitting. renewal
in the straight-ahead position, then remove
1 Refer to Chapter 2, Part A, noting the
the clamp bolt from the lower steering column
following points. Note: New flywheel/driveplate bolts must be
clamp, swivel the plate to one side, and
2 If the engine is in the car, refer to Chapter 6 used on refitting. disconnect the lower steering column from
when removing and refitting the clutch. 1 Remove the flywheel/driveplate and the the lower flexible coupling.
3 There is no need to make alignment marks engine adapter plate. 6 Attach a suitable hoist to the engine lifting
between the flywheel/driveplate and the end 2 Extract the seal using an oil seal removal brackets located at the front and rear of the
of the crankshaft, as the securing bolt holes tool if available. It may also be possible to cylinder head, and carefully take the weight of
are offset, so the flywheel/driveplate can only remove the oil seal by drilling the outer face the engine.
be fitted to the crankshaft in one position. and using self-tapping screws and a pair of 7 Detach the brake lines from the front
4 The flywheel/driveplate securing bolts must grips. suspension crossmember.
be renewed when refitting, and the new bolts 3 Clean the oil seal housing, then carefully 8 Support the crossmember with a jack, then
are supplied ready-coated with threadlocking wind a thin layer of tape around the edge of loosen the bolts securing the crossmember to
compound (see illustration). the crankshaft to protect the oil seal lip as the the underbody. Remove the bolts, and
5 Check on the availability of new parts seal is installed. carefully lower the crossmember sufficiently
before contemplating renewal of the ring gear. to allow the sump to be removed.
9 If the engine has been removed, it is
preferable to keep it upright until the sump
has been removed, to prevent sludge in the
sump from entering the engine internals.
10 Unscrew the sump securing nuts and
bolts, and withdraw the sump from the
engine. If the sump is stuck, gently tap it
sideways to free it (the sump will not move far
sideways, as it locates on studs in the cylinder
block). Do not prise between the mating faces
of the sump and block. Recover the gasket.
11 Thoroughly clean the mating faces of the
cylinder block and sump.
24.4 Tool used to fit crankshaft rear oil
seal Refitting
22.4 Improvised tool used to hold flywheel A Rear oil seal housing 12 Commence refitting by locating a new
when tightening securing bolts B Special tool gasket in the grooves in the sump.
2B16 DOHC engine

25.15 Measuring the clearance between 26.3a Oil pump securing bolts (arrowed)
the cylinder block and sump end faces

19 Ensure that the roadwheels and the

steering wheel are in the straight-ahead
position before reconnecting the lower
steering column to the intermediate shaft.
20 Fill the engine with the correct grade and
quantity of oil.
21 Refit the engine adapter plate and the
flywheel/driveplate.
22 Refit the gearbox or automatic
transmission, ensuring that the required shims
are fitted between the sump and the
25.13 Apply sealing compound to the gearbox/transmission.
sump/cylinder block mating faces at the 23 Tighten all fixings to the specified torque, 26.3b Withdrawing the oil pump
points indicated (2) where applicable.
Dimensions are for guidance only
13 Apply a suitable sealing compound to the 26 Oil pump - removal and 8 Proceed as shown in paragraphs 27 to 39
faces of the cylinder block and sump, at the refitting of Section 15.
points indicated (see illustration). 9 If the engine is in the vehicle, reverse the
14 Locate the sump on the cylinder block, Note: A suitable puller will be required to operations described in paragraph 1.
then apply suitable thread-locking compound remove the crankshaft pulley. A new
to the sump securing studs and bolts. Fit the crankshaft pulley bolt, a new lower timing
securing nuts and bolts, but do not fully chain cover gasket, and a new oil pump
27 Oil pump - dismantling,
tighten them at this stage. gasket, must be used on refitting. inspection and reassembly
15 Align the sump so that its end faces and
the cylinder block are flush. To do this, use a Removal
straight-edge. If the sump cannot be 1 If the engine is in the car, carry out the
Dismantling
positioned so that the faces of the cylinder following operations: 1 The oil pump can be dismantled for
block and sump are flush, measure the a) Disconnect the battery negative lead. cleaning, but if any of the components are
difference in height using a feeler blade as b) To improve access, remove the radiator. It worn, the pump must be renewed as an
shown (see illustration). will be difficult to remove the crankshaft assembly.
16 Tighten the sump securing nuts and bolts pulley with the radiator in place. 2 To dismantle the pump, proceed as follows.
to the specified torque, then repeat the c) On fuel injection models, remove the air 3 Unscrew the two securing bolts, and
measurement made in paragraph 15. If the remove the pump cover (see illustration).
inlet hose, plenum chamber, and air
end faces of the sump and cylinder block are 4 Lift the inner and outer rotors from the
cleaner lid as an assembly.
not flush, suitable shims (available from a Ford pump casing.
2 Proceed as described in paragraphs 3 to 10
dealer) must be fitted between the sump and
of Section 15.
the gearbox/transmission to eliminate the
3 Unscrew the four securing bolts, and
clearance when mating the engine to the
withdraw the oil pump from the cylinder block
gearbox/transmission. Note that shims should
(see illustrations). Recover the gasket.
be fitted at both sides of the sump, as
required. Select suitable shims from those Refitting
listed in the following table:
4 Thoroughly clean the mating faces of the
Clearance measured Shims required
pump and the cylinder block.
0 to 0.25 mm No shims required
5 Prime the pump by injecting clean engine
0.25 to 0.29 mm 0.15 mm (silver)
0.30 to 0.44 mm 0.30 mm (light blue) oil into it and turning it by hand.
0.45 to 0.59 mm 0.45 mm (red) 6 Place a new gasket on the oil pump flange,
0.60 to 0.75 mm 0.60 mm (black) ensuring that the gasket is correctly located
17 If the engine is in the vehicle, proceed as so that its holes align with the oil passages in
follows. the pump.
18 Reverse the procedure described in 7 Fit the oil pump, and tighten the securing 27.3 Removing the oil pump cover
paragraphs 2 to 8, noting the following points. bolts to the specified torque.
 DOHC engine 2B17

27.5a Unscrew the pressure relief valve 27.5b . . . and withdraw the spring and 27.9 The punch marks (arrowed) on the oil
plug and washer . . . plunger pump rotors must face the pump cover
5 Unscrew the pressure relief valve plug from 3 Examine the chain for wear. If it has been in bolts in the three stages given in the
the pump cover, recover the washer, and operation for a considerable time, or if when Specifications at the beginning of this
withdraw the spring and plunger (see held horizontally (rollers vertical) it takes on a Chapter.
illustrations). deeply-bowed appearance, renew it. 9 Refit the oil baffle, and tighten the securing
nuts.
Inspection 10 Clean the mating faces of the cylinder
6 Thoroughly clean all components in petrol or
29 Pistons and connecting rods
block and the oil pick-up pipe, and refit the
paraffin, and wipe dry using a non-fluffy rag. - removal and refitting pick-up pipe using a new gasket.
7 Examine the rotors and the pump casing for 11 Refit the cylinder head and the sump.
signs of excessive wear on the machined Note: New connecting rod bolts and a new oil
surfaces. If wear is evident, the complete pick-up pipe gasket must be used on refitting.
pump assembly must be renewed, as spare
30 Crankshaft and main bearings
Removal - removal and refitting
parts are not available individually.
1 Remove the sump and the cylinder head.
Reassembly 2 Unscrew the two securing bolts, and Note: A new crankshaft rear oil seal and a new
8 Commence reassembly by lubricating the remove the oil pick-up pipe (see illustration). rear oil seal housing gasket should be used on
relief valve plunger. Fit the plunger and the Recover the gasket. refitting.
2B
spring, and screw the plug into place, 3 Unscrew the four securing nuts, and
ensuring that the washer is in place under the withdraw the oil baffle from the studs on the Removal
plug. main bearing caps (see illustration). 1 With the engine removed from the vehicle,
9 Lubricate the rotors, and fit them to the 4 Proceed as described in Chapter 2, Part A, remove the timing chain and crankshaft
pump casing with the punch marks facing the Section 32, paragraphs 2 to 5. sprocket, and the flywheel/driveplate.
pump cover (see illustration). Refitting 2 Remove the pistons and connecting rods. If
10 Refit the pump cover and tighten the no work is to be done on the pistons and
securing bolts. 5 Proceed as described in Chapter 2, Part A, connecting rods, there is no need to push the
11 Prime the pump before refitting. Section 32, paragraphs 6 to 13, noting the
pistons out of the cylinder bores.
following points:
3 Unbolt the crankshaft rear oil seal housing,
6 Take note of the orientation of the bearing
28 Oil pump drive chain and and remove it from the rear of the cylinder
shells during dismantling, and ensure that
sprockets - examination and block. Recover the gasket.
they are fitted correctly during reassembly.
4 Unscrew the two securing bolts, and
renovation 7 When fitting the pistons, ensure that the
arrow on the piston crown and the letter F remove the sump mounting plate from the
on the face of the connecting rod are pointing front of the cylinder block (see illustration).
1 Examine all the teeth on the sprockets. If
towards the front of the engine. 5 Check the main bearing caps for
the teeth are hooked in appearance, renew
8 Use new connecting rod bolts on identification marks, and if necessary, use a
the sprockets.
2 Examine the chain tensioner for wear, and reassembly, and before fitting, oil the threads centre-punch to identify them (see
renew it if necessary. and the contact faces of the bolts. Tighten the illustration).

29.2 Removing the oil pick-up pipe 29.3 Withdrawing the oil baffle 30.4 Unscrewing a sump mounting plate
securing bolt
2B18 DOHC engine

30.5 Main bearing cap identification mark

(arrowed)
6 Before removing the crankshaft, check that
the endfloat is within the specified limits by
inserting a feeler blade between the centre
crankshaft web and one of the thrustwashers 30.10 Crankshaft main bearings and associated components
(the thrustwashers are fitted to the crankcase,
1 Bearing cap 4 Identification markings 6 Bearing shell with oil
not the bearing cap). This will indicate whether
2 Thrustwasher 5 Bearing shell without oil groove
or not new thrustwashers are required.
3 Stud for oil baffle groove 7 Bearing seat in cylinder
7 Unscrew the bolts, and tap off the main
block
bearing caps complete with bearing shells.
8 Lift the crankshaft from the cylinder block, 16 Fit the main bearing cap bolts, noting that
and remove the rear oil seal if it is still in place the studded bolts secure bearing caps Nos 3 31 Crankshaft and bearings -
on the crankshaft. and 5. examination and renovation
9 Extract the bearing shells, and recover the 17 Lightly tighten all the securing bolts, then
thrustwashers, keeping them identified for progressively tighten all bolts to the specified 1 Proceed as described in Chapter 2, Part A,
location. torque. noting the following.
18 Check that the crankshaft rotates freely. 2 Production bearing undersizes are
Refitting Some stiffness is to be expected with new indicated as follows:
10 Commence refitting as follows (see components, but there must be no tight spots Yellow or red paint marks on crankshaft -
illustration). or binding. standard-diameter main bearing journals.
11 Wipe the bearing shell locations in the 19 Check that the crankshaft endfloat is Green line on crankshaft front counterweight
crankcase, and the crankshaft journals with a within the specified limits by inserting a feeler - main bearing journals 0.25 mm
soft non-fluffy rag. blade between the centre crankshaft web and undersize.
12 If the old main bearing shells are to be the thrustwashers. Green spot on counterweight - big-end
renewed (not to do so is a false economy, 20 Refit the sump mounting plate to the front bearing journals 25 mm undersize.
unless they are virtually new) fit the five upper of the cylinder block, and tighten the securing
halves of the main bearing shells to their bolts to the specified torque.
locations in the crankcase. 21 Carefully wind a thin layer of tape around 32 Initial start-up after overhaul or
13 Fit the thrustwashers to the centre main the rear edge of the crankshaft, to protect the major repair
bearing location, using a little grease to retain oil seal lips as the rear oil seal is installed.
them if necessary. The oil grooves in the 22 Refit the crankshaft rear oil seal housing, 1 Refer to Chapter 2, Part A, but note that
thrustwashers must face outwards (ie facing using a new gasket, and tighten the securing when the engine is first started, a metallic
the crankshaft webs). Note that where bolts to the specified torque. tapping noise may be heard. This is due to the
standard thrustwashers have been fitted in 23 Ideally, the new oil seal should be timing chain tensioner plunger assembly
production, the centre main bearing is installed using a tool similar to that used for taking time to pressurise with oil, resulting in a
unmarked. If oversize (0.38 mm) fitting the crankshaft rear oil seal. A suitable temporarily slack chain. The noise should
thrustwashers have been fitted, the centre tool can be improvised using a metal tube of stop after a short time, once oil pressure has
main bearing will carry a yellow paint mark. suitable diameter, a metal disc or flat bar, and built up.
14 Lubricate the crankshaft journals and the two flywheel bolts. Draw the seal into position
upper and lower main bearing shells with using the two flywheel bolts. Make sure that
clean engine oil, then carefully lower the the seal lip faces into the engine.
crankshaft into the crankcase. 24 With the oil seal installed, carefully pull the
15 Lubricate the crankshaft main bearing tape from the edge of the crankshaft.
journals again, and then fit the main bearing 25 Refit the pistons and connecting rods.
caps in their correct locations, with the arrows 26 Refit the flywheel/driveplate, and the
on the caps pointing to the front of the engine. timing chain and crankshaft sprocket.