TABLE OF CONTENT

1- INTRODUCTION 1

2- PROPERTIES OF THE TANK CONTENT 1

3- DESIGN DATA 1

4- DESIGN LOADS 2

5- SHELL THICKNESS CALCULATION 2

6- BOTTOM PLATE THICKNESS 3

7- ROOF PLATE THICKNESS 4

8- TOP AND INTERMEDIATE WIND GIRDERS 9

9- STABILITY OF TANK AGAINST WIND LOADS 10

10- STABILITY OF TANK AGAINST SEISMIC LOADS 13

11- ANCHOR BOLTS AND ANCHOR CHAIR DESIGN 24

12- SHEAR KEY DESIGN 27

13- FREEBOARD 28
1- INTRODUCTION 1

Water storage tank for the "" project shall be designed according to API 650 standard and its
relevant appendices. The tank has a 19 m diameter and 10 m height. Useful volume of the tank
3
is 2552 m .

2- PROPERTIES OF THE TANK CONTENT 1

Name of the content : Water

Density of the content : = 1000,00 kg/m3

Specific gravity :G = 1,00
o
Operating temperature : Tc = 35,00 C
o
Design temperature : Td = 50,00 C

3- DESIGN DATA 1

Inside diameter of tank : Di = 19,000 m

Outside diameter of tank : Do = 19,016 m
Height of shell : Hs = 9,995 m
Design liquid level : H = 9,000 m
Freeboard : Fb = 1,000 m
Nominal diameter of tank : D = 19,008 m
Corrosion allowance : CA = 1,60 mm
Weld joint efficiency : E = 1,00
Extend of the top angle : Ht = 0,005 m
Design wind speed : Vm = 36,0 m/s V = 129,6 km/h
Discharge pipe level : Hd = 0,000 m
3
Tank useful volume : Vu = 2551,759 m

Tank material : S235

Minimum yield strength : Sy = 235,00 MPa
Minimum tensile strength : Su = 365,00 MPa
Product design stress : Sd = 137,00 MPa
Hydrostatic test stress : St = 154,00 MPa
Allowable stress (Sy*0,6) : a = 141,00 MPa
3
Density of the material : dm = 77,00 kN/m

2/29
4- DESIGN LOADS 2

Dead load : DL = 1,34 kPa

Design internal pressure : Pi = 1,00 kPa
Design external pressure : Pe = 0,25 kPa
Hydrostatic test : Ht = 0,25 kPa
Roof live load : Lr = 1,00 kPa
Snow load (balanced) : Sb = 0,75 kPa
Snow load (unbalanced) : Su = 1,13 kPa
Stored liquid : F = 1,00 kPa
Test pressure : Pt = 1,00 kPa
External loads (assumed) : Le = 1,00 kPa

5- SHELL THICKNESS CALCULATION 2

Thickness of the shell plates are calculated according to "1-Foot Method" as per clause 5.6.3,
since the diameter of the tank is less then 61 m. The required minimum thickness of shell plates
shall be the greater of the values computed by the following formulas:

4,9 0,3 4,9 0,3

= + =

where

td is the design shell thickness, in mm;

tt is the hydrostatic test shell thickness, in mm.

3/29
 C. Hei. H td tt ts tsc Wsp Wspc
C. No
(m) (m) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (kN) (kN)
1 1,50 9,000 7,51 5,26 8,00 6,40 55,18 44,14
2 1,50 7,500 6,49 4,35 8,00 6,40 55,18 44,14
3 1,50 6,000 5,48 3,45 8,00 6,40 55,18 44,14
4 1,50 4,500 4,46 2,54 6,00 4,40 41,38 30,34
5 1,50 3,000 3,44 1,63 6,00 4,40 41,38 30,34
6 1,50 1,500 2,42 0,73 6,00 4,40 41,38 30,34
7 0,99 0,000 1,40 -0,18 6,00 4,40 27,45 20,13
8 0,00 -1,500 0,38 -1,09 6,00 4,40 0,00 0,00
9 0,00 -3,000 -0,64 -2,00 6,00 4,40 0,00 0,00
10 0,00 -4,500 -1,66 -2,90 5,00 3,40 0,00 0,00
11 0,00 -6,000 -2,68 -3,81 5,00 3,40 0,00 0,00
12 0,00 -7,500 -3,70 -4,72 5,00 3,40 0,00 0,00
13 0,00 -9,000 -4,72 -5,62 5,00 3,40 0,00 0,00
14 0,00 -10,500 -5,74 -6,53 5,00 3,40 0,00 0,00
15 0,00 -12,000 -6,76 -7,44 5,00 3,40 0,00 0,00
16 0,00 -13,500 -7,78 -8,35 5,00 3,40 0,00 0,00
17 0,00 -15,000 -8,80 -9,25 5,00 3,40 0,00 0,00
18 0,00 -16,500 -9,82 #### 5,00 3,40 0,00 0,00
19 0,00 -18,000 #### #### 5,00 3,40 0,00 0,00
20 0,00 -19,500 #### #### 5,00 3,40 0,00 0,00
21 0,00 -21,000 #### #### 5,00 3,40 0,00 0,00
22 0,00 -22,500 #### #### 5,00 3,40 0,00 0,00
Total weight 317,11 243,57

6- BOTTOM PLATE THICKNESS 3

All bottom plates shall have a corroded thickness of not less than 6 mm as per clause 5.4.1.

If annular plates should be used, the required thickness of the plates shall be determined using
table 5.1a

Product stress : = = 126,61 MPa

Hydrostatic test stress : = = 101,29 MPa

Stress in first shell course : = ; = 126,61 MPa

4/29
 Selected bottom plate thickness : tb = 8,00 mm
Selected annular plate thickness : tab = 6,00 mm

7- ROOF PLATE THICKNESS 4

Self supporting cone roof requirements shall be checked first. Corroded thickness shall not be
more than 13 mm for self supporting cone roof. Loads shall be combined as per 5.2.2 and
applied to the roof plates.

NOTE: Self-supporting roofs whose roof plates are stiffened by sections welded to the plates
need not conform to the minimum thickness requirements, but the nominal thickness of the roof
plates shall not be less than 4.8 mm (3/16 in.) when so designed by
the Manufacturer, subject to the approval of the Purchaser.

Assumed thickness of the roof plate : tra = 5,00 mm

including stiffeners

Dead load : = = 0,385 kPa
1000

Load combinations 5.2.2 (e)(1) and : = + + 0,4 = 1,485 kPa

(e)(2) for balanced snow loading
= + 0,4 + = 1,035 kPa

Greater of load combination 5.2.2 : = ( ; )= 1,49 kPa

(e)(1) and (e)(2) with balanced snow
load

Load combinations 5.2.2 (e)(1) and : = + + 0,4 = 1,61 kPa

(e)(2) for unbalanced snow loading
= + 0,4 + = 1,085 kPa

5/29
Greater of load combination 5.2.2 : = ( ; )= 1,61 kPa
(e)(1) and (e)(2) with unbalanced snow
load

Self-supporting cone roofs shall conform to the following requirements:

o
9,5 37 = 10 = 0,175 rad

Nominal thickness shall not be less than the greatest of;

+ + 5
4,8 2,2 5,5 2,2

Required roof plate thickness : tr = 20,34 mm

Corroded roof plate thickness : trc = 18,74 mm

Since the corroded roof plate thickness is more then 13 mm, supported cone roof shall be used.
The slope of the roof shall be 1:16 (3,6 degree) or greater if specified by the Purchaser. If the
rafters are set directly on chord girders, producing slightly varying rafter slopes, the slope of the
flattest rafter shall conform to the specified or ordered roof slope. Rafters shall be spaced to
satisfy:

1,5 1000
= 2100 b = 2526,7 mm

where

b is the maximum allowable roof plate span, measured circumferentially from center-to-center
of rafters;
Sy is the specified minimum yield strength of roof plate;
trc is the corroded roof thickness;
p is the uniform pressure as determined from load combinations given in 5.2.2.

Selected thickness of the roof plate : tr = 7,00 mm

trc = = 5,40 mm
p = ( ; ) = 1,61 kPa

o
Selected slope of the roof : =5 = 0,087 rad

Perimeter of the tank :P = 59,715 m

1000
Min. required number of rafters : Nr = = 23,63

Selected number of rafters : Nr = 48

1000
Circumferential distance between :b = = 1244,07 mm
rafters measured from center-to-
center

6/29
Length of the rafters :s = = 9,54 m
cos

Surface area of the cone : Aco = = 284,85 m2
2

Total load acting on the roof : Fr = = 458,61 kN

Number of primary rafters : Npr = 24

Number of secondary rafters : Nsr = = 24

Total load acting on the primary rafter :F = = 19,11 kN

Since the roof is of cone type, loading is zero at the center and maximum at the periphery of
the tank roof and is uniformly increasing nature from center to periphery. This condition can be
considered as hinged end condition.

Vertical reaction force : Va =F = 19,11 kN

Height of the roof :h = sin = 0,83 m

2

Horizontal reaction force (Sum of the : Ha = 3 = 72,80 kN

moments about C=0)

Max. bending moment on rafter : Mra = = 60,54 kN.m
3

Rafter material : S275

Minimum yield strength : Syr = 275,00 MPa
Minimum tensile strength : Sur = 430,00 MPa
Allowable stress (Syr*0,6) : ar = 165,00 MPa
Type of the primary rafters : HEA200
Unit weight of the primary rafters : Gpr = 42,30 kg/m
Section modulus of the rafters : Zpr = 388,42 cm3
Cross sectional area of the rafters : Apr = 53,80 cm2
Type of the secondary rafters : HEA100
Unit weight of the secondary rafter : Gsr = 16,70 kg/m

1000
Stress on the primary rafters : pr = = 155,85 165,00 MPa OK

10
Induced compressive axial stress : ir = = 13,532 155,85 MPa OK

7/29
Approximate weight of the rafters : W ra = (( )+( )) 0,00981
W ra = 132,48 kN

1,05
Approximate weight of the roof plates : W rp = = 161,21 kN
1000
(5% for overlaps)

1,05
Approximate weight of the corroded : W rpc = = 124,36 kN
1000
roof plates (5% for overlaps)

Compression ring material : S275

Minimum yield strength : Sycr = 275,00 MPa
Minimum tensile strength : Sucr = 430,00 MPa
Allowable stress (Sycr*0,6) : acr = 165,00 MPa

: Fa = ( ; )= 141,00 MPa
The least allowable tensile stress for
the materials in the roof-to-shell joint

The participating area at the roof-to- : Ap = 10 58,94 cm2

=
shell joint as per 5.10.5.2 8 tan

Maximum width of participating shell : wc = 0,6 = 130,77 mm

Maximum width of participating roof : wh = (0,3 ; 300) = 198,09 mm

1000
Inside radius of tank shell : Rc = = 9500,00 mm
2

length of the normal to the roof, : R2 = = 109000,28 mm

sin
measured from the vertical centerline
of the tank

Thickness of shell plate (corroded) : tc = 5,00 mm

Thickness of roof plate (corroded) : th = 4,00 mm

+ 2
Total participating area of shell and : Apsr = = 14,46 cm
100
roof plates

Since a compression ring shall be provided according to Figure F.2 detail b

8/29
Required area for compression ring : Apc = = 44,48 cm2

Selected compression ring : LNP180

Unit weight of the ring : Gpc = 48,60 kg/m
Thickness of angle leg : ta = 18,00 mm
3
Section modulus of the ring : Zpc = 145,00 cm
Cross sectional area of the ring : Apc = 61,90 44,48 cm2 OK

250
The unstiffened length of the ring : Le = = 271,36 180 mm OK

Distance between shell outside and : epr = 0,0510 m

ring axis
Thickness of top shell course : tst = 0,006 m

Total length of the ring : Lpc = ( +2 ( + )) = 60,048 m

9/29
 Weight of the compression ring : W pc = 0,00981 = 28,62 kN
Total weight of the roof : Wr = + = 293,69 kN
Total weight of the corroded roof : W rc = + = 256,84 kN

8- TOP AND INTERMEDIATE WIND GIRDERS 9

Selected section for compression ring will be checked according to "Top Wind Girder"
calculations as per clause 5.9.6. The required minimum section modulus of the stiffening ring
shall be determined by the following equation:

=
17 190
Z = 98,835 145,00 cm3 OK

where

Z is the required minimum section modulus;

D is the nominal tank diameter;
H2 is the height of the tank shell, including any freeboard (Hs);
V is the design wind speed (3-sec gust).

The maximum height of the unstiffened shell shall be calculated as follows:

190
= 9,47 H1 = 27,49 m

where

H1 is the maximum height of the unstiffened shell;

D is the nominal tank diameter;
t is the nominal thickness, unless otherwise specified, of the thinnest shell course;
V is the design wind speed (3-sec gust).

After the maximum height of the unstiffened shell, H1, has been determined, the height of the
transformed shell shall be calculated as follows:

where

Wtr is the transposed width of each shell course;

W is the actual width of each shell course;
tuniform is the nominal thickness, unless otherwise specified, of the thinnest shell course;
tactual is the nominal thickness, unless otherwise specified, of the shell course for which the
transposed width.

10/29
 W tactual tuniform Wtr
C. No
(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1 1500,00 8,00 6,00 730,71
2 1500,00 8,00 6,00 730,71
3 1500,00 8,00 6,00 730,71
4 1500,00 6,00 6,00 1500,00
5 1500,00 6,00 6,00 1500,00
6 1500,00 6,00 6,00 1500,00
7 995,00 6,00 6,00 995,00
8 0,00 6,00 6,00 0,00
9 0,00 6,00 6,00 0,00
10 0,00 5,00 5,00 0,00
11 0,00 5,00 5,00 0,00
12 0,00 5,00 5,00 0,00
13 0,00 5,00 5,00 0,00
14 0,00 5,00 5,00 0,00
15 0,00 5,00 5,00 0,00
16 0,00 5,00 5,00 0,00
17 0,00 5,00 5,00 0,00
18 0,00 5,00 5,00 0,00
19 0,00 5,00 5,00 0,00
20 0,00 5,00 5,00 0,00
21 0,00 5,00 5,00 0,00
22 0,00 5,00 5,00 0,00
Height of the transformed shell 7687,13

If the height of the transformed shell is greater than the maximum height H1, an intermediate
wind girder is as per clause 5.9.7.3.

= 7,69 = 27,49 --> Intermediate wind girder not required.

9- STABILITY OF TANK AGAINST WIND LOADS #

Unanchored tanks, except supported cone roof tanks meeting the requirements of 5.10.4,
shall satisfy all of the following uplift criteria as per API 650 5.11.2.1.

1) 0,6 + < +
1,5
+
2) + < +
2

3) + < +
1,5

11/29
where

FP is the pressure combination factor, see 5.2.2;

MPi is the moment about the shell-to-bottom joint from design internal pressure;
Mw is the overturning moment about the shell-to-bottom joint from horizontal plus
vertical wind pressure;
MDL
is the moment about the shell-to-bottom joint from the nominal weight of the shell
and roof structure supported by the shell that is not attached to the roof plate;

MF is the moment about the shell-to-bottom joint from liquid weight;

MDLR is the moment about the shell-to-bottom joint from the nominal weight of the roof
plate plus any attached structural;
Mws is the overturning moment about the shell-to-bottom joint from horizontal wind
pressure;
wL
is the resisting weight of the tank contents per unit length of shell circumference.

785
= + = 2185888,84 N.m
2 2

= = 379903,48 N.m
2

where

PWR is the wind uplift pressure on roof, in kPa;

2
PWS is the wind pressure on shell, in N/m ;

12/29
 = 1,44 PWR = 0,67 kPa
190
2
= 860 PWS = 400,13 N/m
190
785
= MPi = 2695559,55 N.m
2
+ +
= 1000 MDL = 3845886,60 N.m
2
+
= 1000 MDLR = 1191452,93 N.m
2

where

Approximate weight of the roof : W at = 1,00 kN

attachments

= 70 ( ; 70,4 )= 12043,47 N/m

where

Fby is the minimum specified yield stress of the bottom plate under the shell, in Mpa;
G is the actual specific gravity of the stored liquid or 0,7, whichever is less;
H is the design liquid height, in meters;
D is the tank diameter, in meters;
tb is the required thickness of the bottom plate under the shell.

= MF = 6835091,23 N.m
2

Pressure combination factor : Fp = 0,4

1) 0,6 + = 4007092,86
< + = 3755377,34 Not OK
1,5
+
2) + = <
3264112,66 + = 6531941,85 OK
2

3) + = <
1458127,31 + = 3755377,34 OK
1,5

The tanks is not stable. Anchor bolts calculations shall be done after seismic design.

13/29
10- STABILITY OF TANK AGAINST SEISMIC LOADS #

All factors and formulations to calculate seismic loads acting on the tank shall be taken from
API 650 Appendix E.

Seismic Use Group : SUG = 2

Seismic Zone : SZ =1

Effective ground acceleration : A0 = 0,4

coefficient

Importance factor :I = 1,25

(API 650 Table E-5)

Response modification factor - : Rwi = 4,0 (mechanically anchored)

impulsive (API 650 Table E-4)

Response modification factor - : Rwc = 2,0 (mechanically anchored)

convective (API 650 Table E-4)

For sites not addressed by ASCE methods, the peak ground acceleration method shall be used.
The peak ground acceleration parameter will be calculated by using the effective ground
acceleration coefficient in TEC 2007. With a conservative approach, the effective ground
acceleration coefficient in TEC 2007 will be multiplied by two.

Peak ground acceleration parameter : Sp =2 = 0,8

(PGA)

Mapped MCE, 5% damped, spectral : Ss = 2,5 = 2,0 %g

response acceleration parameter at
short periods (0,2 sec)

Mapped MCE, 5 percent damped, : S1 = 1,25 = 1,0 %g

spectral response acceleration
parameter at a period of 1 sec

Site Class based on the site soil : SC =C

properties

Acceleration based site coefficient at : Fa = 1,0

0,2 sec period
(API 650 Table E-1)

Velocity based site coefficient at 1 sec : Fv = 1,3

period
(API 650 Table E-2)

14/29
Q is scaling factor from the MCE to the design level spectral accelerations; equals 2/3
for ASCE 7
SDS is the design, 5% damped, spectral response acceleration parameter at short
periods (T = 0.2 seconds) based on ASCE 7 methods, equals Q*Fa*Ss, %g
SD1 The design, 5 % damped, spectral response acceleration parameter at one second
based on the ASCE 7 methods, equals Q*Fv*S1, %g

Q = 0,67
SDS = 1,33
SD1 = 0,87

Regional-dependent transition period : TL =4 s

for longer period ground motion
(outside of US)

15/29
 C. Hei. ts
C. No Mid Elevations hm (m) hi*ts hi*ts*hm
(m) (mm)
1 1,50 0,750 8,00 12,00 9,00
2 1,50 2,250 8,00 12,00 27,00
3 1,50 3,750 8,00 12,00 45,00
4 1,50 5,250 6,00 9,00 47,25
5 1,50 6,750 6,00 9,00 60,75
6 1,50 8,250 6,00 9,00 74,25
7 0,99 9,498 6,00 5,97 56,70
8 0,00 0,000 0,00 0,00 0,00
9 0,00 0,000 0,00 0,00 0,00
10 0,00 0,000 0,00 0,00 0,00
11 0,00 0,000 0,00 0,00 0,00
12 0,00 0,000 0,00 0,00 0,00
13 0,00 0,000 0,00 0,00 0,00
14 0,00 0,000 0,00 0,00 0,00
15 0,00 0,000 0,00 0,00 0,00
16 0,00 0,000 0,00 0,00 0,00
17 0,00 0,000 0,00 0,00 0,00
18 0,00 0,000 0,00 0,00 0,00
19 0,00 0,000 0,00 0,00 0,00
20 0,00 0,000 0,00 0,00 0,00
21 0,00 0,000 0,00 0,00 0,00
22 0,00 0,000 0,00 0,00 0,00
10,00 68,97 319,95

Equivalent uniform thickness of tank : tu = = 6,90 mm

shell

Height from the bottom of the tank : Xs = = 4,64 m

shell to the shells center of gravity

Height to diameter ratio : HDr = = 0,47

Elastic modulus of tank material :E = 210000,00 Mpa

Coefficient for determining impulsive : Ci = 6,40 (Figure E.1)

period of tank system

16/29
 1
Natural period of vibration for : Ti = = 0,148 s
2000
impulsive mode of behavior

0,578
Convective (sloshing) period : Ks = = 0,596 s
3,68
coefficient tanh( )

Natural period of the convective : Tc = 1,8 = 4,677 s

mode of behavior of the liquid

Vertical earthquake acceleration : Av = 0,47 = 0,627 %g

parameter

Impulsive design response spectrum : Ai = = 0,417 %g

acceleration coefficient

Coefficient to adjust the spectral :K = 1,5

acceleration from 5 % to 0.5 %
damping
1
Convective design response spectrum : Ac =
acceleration parameter

Ac = >

Ac = 0,149 %g

17/29

Total weight of the tank contents : Wp = 9,81 = 25032752,19 N
4
based on the design specific gravity of
the product
0,866
Effective impulsive portion of the : Wi = 1,333
liquid weight 0,866

Wi = 1 0,218 < 1,333

Wi = 12998575,09 N

3,67
Effective convective (sloshing) portion : Wc = 0,230 N
of the liquid weight

Wc = 11429805,47 N

Height from the bottom of the tank shell to the center of action of the lateral seismic force
related to the impulsive liquid force for ringwall moment;

Xi = 0,375 1,333

Xi = 0,5 0,094 < 1,333

Diameter to height ratio : DHr = = 2,11

Xi = 3,375 m

Height from the bottom of the tank shell to the center of action of lateral seismic force
related to the convective liquid force for ringwall moment;
3,67
1
Xc = 1,0 3,67 3,67

Xc = 5,370 m

Height from the bottom of the tank shell to the center of action of the lateral seismic force
related to the impulsive liquid force for the slab moment;
0,866
Xis= 0,375 1,0 + 1,333 1,0 1,333
0,866

Xis = 0,5 0,060 < 1,333

Xis = 7,540 m

18/29
Height from the bottom of the tank shell to the center of action of lateral seismic force
related to the convective liquid force for the slab moment;
3,67
1,937
Xcs = 1,0 3,67 3,67

Xcs = 7,132 m

Total weight of tank shell and : Ws = + 1000 = 345729,89 N

appurtenances

Total weight of fixed tank roof including framing, knuckles, any permanent attachments and
10 % of the roof balanced design snow load;

Wr = + + + 0,1 1000

Wr = 316054,29 N

1
Height from the bottom of the tank : Xr = + + = 10,277 m
3 2
shell to the roof and roof
appurtenances center of gravity

Ringwall moment, portion of the total overturning moment that acts at the base of the tank
shell perimeter;

Mrw = ( + + ) + ( ) = 22255021,48 N.m

The slab moment, is the total overturning moment acting across the entire tank base cross-
section. This overturning moment is used to design slab and pile cap foundations;

Ms = ( + + ) + ( ) = 44537687,48 N.m

For self-anchored tanks, a portion of the contents may be used to resist overturning. The
anchorage provided is dependent on the assumed width of a bottom annulus uplifted by the
overturning moment. The resisting annulus may be a portion of the tank bottom or a separate
butt-welded annular ring. The overturning resisting force of the annulus that lifts off the
foundation shall be determined by the following equation:

= 99 201,1 = 23647,17 N/m

[ 23647,17 ] [ 25779,00 ]

19/29
where

Fy Minimum specified yield strength of bottom annulus, in Mpa;

Ge Effective specific gravity including vertical seismic effects;
H Maximum design product level, m;
Thickness, excluding corrosion allowance, mm (in.) of the bottom annulus under the shell
required to provide the resisting force for self anchorage. The bottom plate for this
ta
thickness shall extend radially at least the distance, L, from the inside of the shell. This term
applies for self-anchored tanks only.

Fy = 235,00 Mpa

Ge = (1 0,4 )= 0,75

ta = 6,00 mm

The tank is self-anchored providing the following conditions are met:

1) The resisting force is adequate for tank stability (i.e. the anchorage ratio, J 1.54).

2) The maximum width of annulus for determining the resisting force is 3.5 % of the tank
diameter.
3) The shell compression satisfies E.6.2.2.

4) The required annulus plate thickness does not exceed the thickness of the bottom shell
course.
5) Piping flexibility requirements are satisfied.

1000 + 0,1 1000

Roof load acting on the shell, : wrs = =

including 10 % of the roof balanced
design snow load
wrs = 3057,43 N/m

Tank and roof weight acting at base of : wt = + = 8847,06 N/m

shell

785
Calculated design uplift load due to : wint = = 4749,59 N/m

product pressure per unit
circumferential length

Anchorage ratio :J =
1 0,4 + 0,4

J = 2,171

20/29
Tank is not stable and cannot be self-anchored for the design load. Modify the
annular ring if L < 0,035*D is not controlling or add mechanical anchorage.

When the bottom plate under the shell is thicker than the remainder of the tank bottom, the
minimum projection, L, of the supplied thicker annular ring inside the tank wall shall be the
greater of 0,45 m (1.5 ft) or as determined in equation (E.6.2.1.1.2-1); however, L need not be
greater than 0,035*D:

= 0,035 99 > 201,1

= (0,035 ; (0,01723 ; 0,45)

L = 0,610255 m = 610,26 mm

The maximum longitudinal shell compression stress at the bottom of the shell for mechanically-
anchored tanks shall be determined by the formula:

1,273 1
= 1 + 0,4 + = 13,98 Mpa
1000

Thickness of bottom shell course less : ts = 6,40 mm

corrosion allowance

The maximum longitudinal shell compression stress c must be less than the seismic allowable
stress FC, which is determined by the following formulas and includes the 33% increase for
ASD. These formulas for FC, consider the effect of internal pressure due to the liquid contents.

= 83 44

= 83 + 7,5 < 0,5 < 44
2,5

= 508,08

FC = 117,50 Mpa

21/29
Compression stress ratio : Rcs = = 0,12 Shell thickness is OK

The corroded weight of the shell and any corroded permanent attachments acting on the shell
including the portion of the roof plates and framing acting on the shell;

=( + + + + )1000 = 530023,10 N

4
Net seismic uplift load per Table 5.21a : Us = (1 0,4 )

Us = 4286131,79 N

4
Net wind uplift load per Table 5.21a : Uw = 785 +

Uw = -260053,37 N

Net uplift load per Table 5.21a : U = 4286131,79 N

Foundation:

The overturning stability ratio for mechanically-anchored tank system excluding vertical seismic
effects shall be 2.0 or greater as per API E.6.2.3-1.

0,5 + + + +
2

Dynamic Liquid Hoop Forces:

Dynamic hoop tensile stresses due to the seismic motion of the liquid shall be determined by
the following formulas:

= 8,48 0,5 0,866 1,333

= 5,22 0,5 < 1,333 < 0,75

0,75 0,75

= 2,6 < 1,333 0,75

3,68
1,85
=
3,68


= 9,81
2

22/29
where

Ni is impulsive hoop membrane force in tank shell, N/mm;

Nc is convective hoop membrane force in tank shell, N/mm;
Nh is product hydrostatic membrane force, N/mm;
D is the tank diameter, m;
H is maximum design product level, m;
Y is distance from liquid surface to analysis point, (positive down), m.

Diameter to height ratio : DHr = = 2,11

The maximum allowable hoop tension membrane stress for the combination of hydrostatic and
dynamic membrane hoop effects should be less than allowable design stress of the shell
increased by 33%.

all = 1,33 = 182,21 Mpa

+ + +
2,5
T =

Y Ni Nc Nh t T
C. No Ratio
(m) (N/mm) (N/mm) (N/mm) (mm) (MPa)
1 9,000 287,033 33,740 839,108 6,400 186,962 1,026
2 7,500 279,060 35,173 699,257 6,400 161,042 0,884
3 6,000 255,141 39,592 559,405 6,400 133,316 0,732
4 4,500 215,275 47,375 419,554 4,400 150,860 0,828
5 3,000 159,463 59,181 279,703 4,400 105,381 0,578
6 1,500 87,705 76,013 139,851 4,400 59,339 0,326
7 0,000 0,000 99,301 0,000 4,400 22,568 0,124
8 -1,500 ###### 131,022 -139,851 4,400 7,012 0,038
9 -3,000 ###### 173,871 -279,703 4,400 2,687 0,015
10 -4,500 ###### 231,487 -419,554 3,400 5,939 0,033
11 -6,000 ###### 308,762 -559,405 3,400 15,671 0,086
12 -7,500 ###### 412,260 -699,257 3,400 33,276 0,183
13 -9,000 ###### 550,771 -839,108 3,400 60,142 0,330
14 -10,500 ###### 736,059 -978,960 3,400 98,532 0,541
15 -12,000 ###### 983,859 -1118,811 3,400 151,895 0,834
16 -13,500 ###### ###### -1258,662 3,400 225,360 1,237
17 -15,000 ###### ###### -1398,514 3,400 326,390 1,791
18 -16,500 ###### ###### -1538,365 3,400 465,613 2,555
19 -16,500 ###### ###### -1538,365 3,400 465,613 2,555
20 -18,000 ###### ###### -1678,216 3,400 657,843 3,610
21 -19,500 ###### ###### -1818,068 3,400 923,338 5,067
22 -21,000 ###### ###### -1957,919 3,400 ###### 7,076

23/29
Foundation Loads:

+ + + +
Dead load per unit length : DL = 1000

(Shell, roof and attachments)
DL = 10724,54 N/m

Live load per unit length : LL = 1000

(Live load on roof)
LL = 4770,15 N/m

Total dead weight : WDL = + + + + 1000 +

(Shell, roof, attachments and liquid)
WDL = 25673172,51 N

= 2
Total load per unit area during : WTL = 90472,55 N/m

operation 4

Seismic Loads:

Total design base shear :V = + = 6010331,96 N

Design base shear due to impulsive : Vi = ( + + + )= 5765480,04 N

component from effective weight of
tank and contents

Design base shear due to the : Vc = = 1698037,16 N

convective component of the effective
sloshing weight
( + 0,1)
Weight of the tank bottom : Wf = = 176792,83 N
4

Vertical seismic force :F = = 15723169,90 N

Effective weight contributing to : Weff = + + + = 25090164,74 N

seismic response

Vertical seismic force per unit length : FUL = = 263301,79 N/m

Total vertical load : FTL = + = 41396342,41 N

(Dead load and vertical seis. force)

24/29
 Sliding Resistance:

Resisting force against base shear : Vs = + + + (1 0,4 )

Vs = 7754499,74 N

Friction coefficient between tank and : = 0,40

subgrade

Since 7754499,74 > 6010331,96 there is no need to add shear keys, tank is resisting to sliding.

11- ANCHOR BOLTS AND ANCHOR CHAIR DESIGN #

Attachment of the anchor bolts to the shell shall be through stiffened chair-type assemblies or
anchor rings of sufficient size and height. Anchor chair design shall be done as per AISI Steel
Plate Engineering Data, Volume 2, Part VII, Anchor Bolt Chairs.

Anchor Bolt Design:

Number of equally spaced anchors : nA = 48

360
Angle between anchor bolts : b = = 7,50

Bolt spacing : Bsp = = 1253,76 mm

Load per anchor : tb = = 89294,41 N

Anchor bolt material : 4.6

Minimum yield strength : Fy = 240,00 Mpa
(max 380 Mpa as per Table 5.21)
Allowable anchor bolt stress : al = 192,00 Mpa
as per Table 5.21 (0,8*Fy)
Nominal diameter of anchor bolt : Dab = M36 mm
2
Root area of the anchor bolt : Aab = 745,00 mm
Corrosion allowance for the anchor : Cab = 2,00 mm
2
Root area of the anchor bolt : Aabc = 651,38 mm
(corroded)
Maximum stress acting on one anchor : ab = = 137,08 Mpa
bolt

Uplift stress ratio : Rus = = 0,71 Selected anchor is OK

25/29
Anchor Chair Design:

Bolt circle diameter : BCD = 19156,00 mm 754,17 in

Bottom plate projection from shell : pr = 50,00 mm 1,97 in
Top plate width along shell : a = 160,00 mm 6,30 in
Min. top plate width along shell : amin = 144,00 mm 5,67 in
Top plate length in radial direction : b = 130,00 mm 5,12 in
Top plate thickness : c = 30,00 mm 1,18 in
Anchor bolt diameter : d = 36,00 mm 1,42 in
Anchor bolt hole diameter : dh = 60,00 mm 2,36 in
Anchor bolt eccentricity : e = 70,00 mm 2,76 in
Minimum anchor bolt eccentricity : emin = 68,00 mm 2,68 in
Distance from outside of top plate to : f = 30,00 mm 1,18 in
edge of hole
Minimum distance from outside of top : fmin = 21,18 mm 0,83 in
plate to edge of hole
Distance between vertical plates :g = 90,00 mm 3,54 in
Minimum distance between vertical : gmin = 88,00 mm 3,46 in
plates (d+25 preffered)
Chair height : h = 300,00 mm 11,81 in
Vertical plate thickness : j = 14,00 mm 0,55 in
Minimum vertical plate thickness : jmin = 12,70 mm 0,50 in
Vertical plate width : k = 90,00 mm 3,54 in
Bottom or annular plate thickness : m = 6,00 mm 0,24 in
Design load (maximum allowable : P = 125,07 kN 28,12 kips
anchor bolt load or 1,5 times actual
bolt load, whichever is less)
Nominal shell radius :R = 9504,00 mm 374,17 in
Stress at point (Max 25 ksi) :S = 137,08 Mpa 19,88 ksi
Shell thickness :t = 6,40 mm 0,25 in

j*k = 1,95 >= = 1,125 Selected 'j' is OK

25

Critical stress in the top plate occurs between the hole and the free edge of the plate. For
convenience we can consider this portion of the top plate as a beam with partially fixed ends,
with a protion of the total anchor bolt load distributed along part of the span.

Top plate thickness :c = (0,375 0,22 ) = 1,10 in

c = 28,03 mm

1,0
Reduction factor :Z = = 0,98
0,177
+ 1,0

Z = 24,81

26/29
 1,32 0,031
Maximum stress in the shell :S = +
1,43 ,
+ 4

S = 59,12 ksi 407,64 Mpa

Since the calculated stress in the shell is higher than the maximum stress value which is 25 ksi,
a reinforcement plate with the same thickness as bottom shell plate should be used.

1,32 0,031
S = +
2 1,43 , 2
+ 4
2

S = 18,71 ksi OK
Welding Design:

Weld size :w = 6,00 mm 0,24 in

Tot. load on weld per lin. in. of weld :W = + = 1,047 kips per lin. in. of weld

Horizontal load per lin. in. of weld : WH = = 0,463 kips per lin. in. of weld
+ 0,667

Vertical load per lin. in. of weld : WV = = 0,94 kips per lin. in. of weld
+ 2

Allowable stress : SWal = 13,60 ksi

Allowable load per lin. in : Wal = 9,62 kips per in. of weld size

= 2,27 kips per in. of weld size

> OK

27/29
12- SHEAR KEY DESIGN #

Box type shear key shall be used.

Shear key material : St 37

Yield strenght : sk = 2,400 t/cm2
Allowable tensile strenght : ska = 1,440 t/cm2
Allowable shear strenght : ska = 0,891 t/cm2
Allowable conc. bearing strenght : cb = 0,090 t/cm2

hg = 5,00 cm
hk = 15,00 cm
x = 10,00 cm
tx = 1,00 cm
y = 8,00 cm
ty = 1,00 cm
dx = 0,00 cm
Av = 8,00 cm2
Ah = 10,00 cm2

Number of shear keys : Nsk = 48

2 1
Base shear for each shear key : Vsk =
1000 1000 9,81

Vsk = 25,73 t
Moment about x-x axis : Msk = ( + ) = 321,59 t.cm

+
Moment of inertia : Iy = + = 203,33 cm4
12 2
1
Ix = = 42,67 cm4
12

I =2 ( + )= 492,00 cm
4

+2
Halfwidth of the box :Y = = 5,00 cm
2

Strength of material :W = = 98,40 cm3

Surface area :A = = 150,00 cm2

Concrete bearing stress : = = 0,17 < 0,09 t/cm

2

Shear stress : = = 1,29 < 0,89 t/cm

2
2
2
Bending stress : b = = 3,27 < 1,44 t/cm

28/29
13- FREEBOARD #

Sloshing of the liquid within the tank or vessel shall be considered in determining the
freeboard required above the top capacity liquid level. A minimum freeboard shall be provided
per Table E.7. Purchaser shall specify whether freeboard is desired for SUG I tanks. Freeboard is
required for SUG II and SUG III tanks. The height of the sloshing wave above the product
design height can be estimated by:

= 0,42 s = 2,37 m

For SUG 1 and 2, For SUG 3,

1 1
= 4 =

4
= >4 = >

Af = 0,30

Required freeboard : Fb = 1,66 (b) is required. m

29/29