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Area Computation

The document describes methods for computing the area of a closed traverse by using double meridian distances (DMD) or double parallel distances (DPD). It provides rules for calculating DMD and DPD for each course based on the departure or latitude. The area is then computed as half the sum of the products of DMD/DPD and the adjusted latitudes/departures. Two example problems demonstrate calculating DMDs and DPDs for each course of a traverse, and computing the total area using both the DMD and DPD methods. The areas computed from both methods match.

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Rommel Dave Tejano
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1K views

Area Computation

The document describes methods for computing the area of a closed traverse by using double meridian distances (DMD) or double parallel distances (DPD). It provides rules for calculating DMD and DPD for each course based on the departure or latitude. The area is then computed as half the sum of the products of DMD/DPD and the adjusted latitudes/departures. Two example problems demonstrate calculating DMDs and DPDs for each course of a traverse, and computing the total area using both the DMD and DPD methods. The areas computed from both methods match.

Uploaded by

Rommel Dave Tejano
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AREA COMPUTATION

Double Meridian Distance

Double Parallel Distance

Area By DPD Method

Example Problems

*Double Meridian Distance*


- The meridian distance from the midpoint of the line to
the references meridian.
Sample figure.

F
G
C

Based on the illustrative example, the following three rules


should provides a means of computing the DMD for each
course of a traverse.
Rule 1: The DMD of the first course is equal to the departure
of the course.
Rule 2: The DMD of any other course is equal to the DMD of
the preceding course, plus the departure
of the course itself.
Rule 3: The DMD of the last course is numerically equal to the
departure of that course, but with the opposite sign.

*DOUBLE PARALLEL DISTANCE*


By using the latitudes of the successive courses
instead of the departures, parallel distances can also be
computed in a manner similar to meridian distances.
Correspondingly, the following rules also provide a
means of computing the DPD for each course of a traverse.

Rule 1: The DPD of the first course is equal to the latitude of


the course.
Rule 2: The DPD of any course is equal to the DPD of the
preceding course, plus the latitude of the preceding course,
plus the latitude of the course itself.
Rule 3: The DPD of the last course is numerically equal to the
latitude of that course but with the opposite sign.

*AREA BY DMD METHOD*


The use of the double meridian distance (DMD) is to
determine the area of closed traverse. This method is at
adaption of the method of determining areas by coordinates.

FORMULAS:
DOUBLE AREA = DMD (adjusted Latitude)
AREA = (1/2)( NDA + SDA)

*AREA BY DPD METHOD*


The double parallel distance method of area
computation is the similar to the double meridian distance
method.

FORMULAS:
DOUBLED AREA = DPD(Adjusted Departure)
AREA = (1/2)(EDA + WDA)
EXAMPLE PROBLEMS:

+47.27
(Dep of +1661.26
AB) mof East
(Sum
+608.89 +786.78 +218.32
Departure)
(Dep of BC) C
(Dep of CD) (Dep of DE)

-327.41

D (Lat of
CD)

-1492.64m
B (Sum of south Latitudes)

+375.01
(Lat of FA)

-544.64 -1,116.62
(Dep of FA) ( Dep of
-1661.26m EF )
(Sum of West
Departures)
AREA BY DOUBLE MERIDIAN DISTANCE
LINE Adjusted latitude Adjusted Departure
(+N) (+E)
(-S) (-W)
AB 490.71 47.27
BC 587.12 608.89
CD 327.41 786.78
DE 1002.76 218.32
EF 122.67 1116.62
FA 375.01 544.64
SUM 1452.64 -1452.84 1661.26 -1661.26

Computation of DMD (Refer to the rules of the computing DMD)

DMD ab = 47.27

DMD bc = 47.27 + 47.27 + 608.89 = 703.43

DMD cd = 703.43 + 608.89 + 786.78 = 2099.10

DMD de = 2099.10 + 786.78 + 218.32 = 3104.20

DMS ef = 3104 + 218.32 -1116.62 = 2205.90

DMD fa = 2205.90 1116.62 -544.64 = 544.64

Computation of double areas DOUBLE AREA = DMD X Adj Lat.

DA ab = 47.27 x 490.71 = 23 195.86

DA bc = 703.43 x 587.12 = 412997.82

DA cd = 2099.10 x (-327.41) = -687266.33

DA de = 4104.20 x (-1002.76) = -3112767.59

DA ef = 2205.90 x (-122.67) = -270597.75

DA fa = 544.64 x 375.01 = 204245.45

DA = -3430192.54

THEREFORE:

2 X AREA = -3430192.54

AREA = -1715096.27 SQ M(negative sign is disregarded)


AREA BY DOUBLE PARALLEL DISTANCE

Computation of DPDs (Refer to rules for computing DPD)

DPD ab = 490.71

DPD bc = 490.71 + 490.71 + 587.12 = 1568.54

DPD cd = 15668.54 + 587.12 -327.41 = 1828.25

DPD de = 1828.25 327.41 -1002.76 = 498.08

DPD ef = 498.08 -1002.72-122.67 = -627.35

DPD fa = -627.35 122.67 + 375.01 = -375.01

Computation of Double Areas (DOUBLE AREA = DPD X ADJ.


LATITUDE)

DA ab = 490.71 x 47.27 = 2395.86

DA bc = 1568.54 x 608.89 = 955068.32

DA cd = 1828.25 x 786.78 = 1438430.54

DA de = 498.08 x 218.32 = 108740.83

DA ef = 627.35 x (-1116.62) = 700511.56

DA fa = 375.01 x (-544.64) = 204245.45

DA = 3430192.56

THEREFORE:

2 X AREA = 3430192.56

AREA = 1715096.28 SQ.M.

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