Example:

Examples of individual sports include tennis, track and field, golf, boxing, swimming,
gymnastics, skiing, bowling, wrestling, powerlifting, figure skating, speed skating, diving, mixed
martial arts, table tennis, racquetball, badminton, archery, cycling, surfing and snowboarding.
Individual sports are sports in which participants compete as individuals rather than as members
of a team.

Meaning

Individual sports offer benefits that team sports do not. In addition to promoting the development
of motor skills, agility, hand-eye coordination and endurance, individual sports combine physical
fitness and mental development. Unlike with team sports, a player's success or failure in
individual sports is totally dependent on his own ability. Individual sport athletes are completely
responsible for every play and cannot rely on the help of other teammates; this builds coping
skills and resilience while developing self-esteem and confidence.

Because athletes in individual sports are alone in the competitive arena, they must develop
independent thinking. Without the help of team members, individual sports athletes must learn
to think quickly on their feet, change tactics and strategies on a moment's notice, and resolve
their own conflicts. Individual sports also teach athletes to set goals and push themselves to
reach their personal best. Individual sports allow participants to connect more easily with their
own mastery than do team sports.

Bedminton

In the 5th century BC, the people in china then played a game called ti jian zi. A direct
translation from this word 'ti jian zi' is kicking the shuttle. As the name suggest, the objective of
the game is to keep the shuttle from hitting the ground without using hand. Whether this sport
has anything to do with the History of Badminton is up for debate. It was however the first game
that uses a Shuttle.

About five centuries later, a game named Battledore and Shuttlecock was played in china,
Japan, India and Greece. This is a game where you use the Battledore (a paddle) to hit the
Shuttlecock back and forth. By the 16th century, it has become a popular game among children
in England. In Europe this game was known as jeu de volant to them. In the 1860s, a game
named Poona was played in India. This game is much like the Battledore and Shuttlecock but
with an added net. The British army learned this game in India and took the equipments back to
England during the 1870s.

In 1873, the Duke of Beaufort held a lawn party in his country place, Badminton. A game of
Poona was played on that day and became popular among the British society's elite. The new
party sport became known as "the Badminton game". In 1877, the Bath Badminton Club was
formed and developed the first official set of rules.
The International Badminton Federation (IBF) was formed in 1934 with 9 founding members.

- England
- Ireland
- Scotland
- Wales
- Denmark
- Holland
- Canada
- New Zealand
- France

Since then, major international tournaments like the Thomas Cup (Men) and Uber Cup
(Women) were held. Badminton was officially granted Olympic status in the 1992 Barcelona
Games. From 9 founding members, IBF now have over 150 member countries. The future of
Badminton looks bright indeed.

History of Basketball

Dr. James Naismith is known world-wide as the inventor of basketball. He was born in 1861 in
Ramsay township, near Almonte, Ontario, Canada. The concept of basketball was born from
Naismith's school days in the area where he played a simple child's game known as duck-on-a-
rock outside his one-room schoolhouse. The game involved attempting to knock a "duck" off the
top of a large rock by tossing another rock at it. Naismith went on to attend McGill University in
Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

After serving as McGill's Athletic Director, James Naismith moved on to the YMCA Training
School in Springfield, Massachusetts, USA in 1891, where the sport of basketball was born. In
Springfield, Naismith was faced with the problem of finding a sport that was suitable for play
inside during the Massachusetts winter for the students at the School for Christian Workers.
Naismith wanted to create a game of skill for the students instead of one that relied solely on
strength. He needed a game that could be played indoors in a relatively small space. The first
game was played with a soccer ball and two peach baskets used as goals.

James Naismith devised a set of thirteen rules of basketball:

1. The ball may be thrown in any direction with one or both hands.

2. The ball may be batted in any direction with one or both hands, but never with the fist.

3. A player cannot run with the ball. The player must throw it from the spot on which he
catches it, allowance to be made for a man running at good speed.

4. The ball must be held in or between the hands. The arms or body must not be used for
holding it.
 5. No shouldering, holding, pushing, striking or tripping in any way of an opponent. The first
infringement of this rule by any person shall count as a foul; the second shall disqualify
him until the next goal is made or, if there was evident intent to injure the person, for the
whole of the game. No substitution shall be allowed.

6. A foul is striking at the ball with the fist, violations of Rules 3 and 4 and such as
described in Rule 5.

7. If either side make three consecutive fouls it shall count as a goal for the opponents
(consecutive means without the opponents in the meantime making a foul).

8. Goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or batted from the ground into the basket
and stays there, providing those defending the goal do not touch or disturb the goal. If
the ball rests on the edge and the opponents move the basket, it shall count as a goal.

9. When the ball goes out of bounds, it shall be thrown into the field and played by the first
person touching it. In case of dispute the umpire shall throw it straight into the field. The
thrower-in is allowed five seconds. If he holds it longer, it shall go to the opponent. If any
side persists in delaying the game, the umpire shall call a foul on them.

10. The umpire shall be judge of the men and shall note the fouls and notify the referee
when three consecutive fouls have been made. He shall have the power to disqualify
men according to Rule 5.

11. The referee shall be the judge of the ball and decide when it is in play in bounds, to
which side it belongs, and shall keep the time. He shall decide when a goal has been
made and keep account of the goals with any other duties that are usually performed by
a referee.

12. The time shall be two 15-minute halves with five minutes' rest between.

13. The side making the most goals in that time shall be declared the winners.

In addition to the creation of the basketball, James Naismith graduated as a medical doctor,
primarily interested in sports physiology and what we would today call sports science and as
Presbyterian minister, with a keen interest in philosophy and clean living. Naismith watched his
sport, basketball, introduced in many nations by the YMCA movement as early as 1893.
Basketball was introduced at the Berlin Olympics in 1936. Today basketball has grown to
become one of the world's most popular sports.