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Sets - Grade 9

Set-builder notation describes sets using algebraic expressions in the form {formula for elements: restrictions}. It lists the elements of a set and any restrictions on those elements. Common symbols in set-builder notation include ≤ for less than or equal to and ∈ for element of. Examples of sets defined using set-builder notation include the set of integers between -2 and 2, the set of real numbers not equal to 3, and the set of all odd integers. A subset is a set where all elements can be found in another set.

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928 views

Sets - Grade 9

Set-builder notation describes sets using algebraic expressions in the form {formula for elements: restrictions}. It lists the elements of a set and any restrictions on those elements. Common symbols in set-builder notation include ≤ for less than or equal to and ∈ for element of. Examples of sets defined using set-builder notation include the set of integers between -2 and 2, the set of real numbers not equal to 3, and the set of all odd integers. A subset is a set where all elements can be found in another set.

Uploaded by

Celle Rich
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Sets

Set-Builder Notation

Set-builder notation is a way of describing a set


using an algebraic expression.

General Form: {formula for elements: restrictions} or


{formula for elements| restrictions}

Examples

1) A = {x: -2
x
2, x
Z}

This is read as: A is a set of all integers x such that x


lies between -2 and 2, inclusive.

2) {x: x 3} - the set of all real numbers


except 3
3) {x | x < 5} - the set of all real numbers less
than 5

4) { x | x is a real number} - { | x is a real


2 2
x

number}

5) {2n + 1: n is an integer} - the set of all odd


integers (e.g. ..., -3, -1, 1, 3, 5,...)

Symbols that are used in set-builder


notation:
1)
- is less than
2)
- is greater than
3)
- is less than or equal to
4)
- is greater than or equal to
5) : - such that
6)
- is an element of
7) W - Whole numbers
8) N - Natural numbers
9) Z - Integers
10) Q - Rational numbers
11) R - Real numbers

1) Natural or Counting numbers - {1, 2, 3, 4,


5 ...}

2) Whole numbers - {0, 1, 2, 3, 4 ...}

3) Integers - {... -2, -1, 0, 1, 2 ...}

4) Rational Numbers - {can be expressed as


a
b } where a and b are integers but b
0

5) Irrational Numbers - { real number


that cannot be written as a simple fraction e.g.
, e, 2 , 3 }

6) Real Numbers - {are rational and


irrational numbers}

Subsets
If all the elements of a set B can be found
in a set A, then B is a subset of A, e.g.

A = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
B = {1, 2, 3}

B is a subset of A.

B A is read as B is a subset of A.
A _ B is read as A contains B.

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