Summary Multimedia

Chap1

1- Multimedia: is any combination of text, art, sound, animation, and

video delivered to you by computer or other electronic or digitally
manipulated means.

2- Elements of Multimedia:

Text
Graphic
Audio
Animation
Video
3- Multimedia may be broadly divided into

Linear: It is not interactive , User have no control over the content

Non-linear: It is interactive, Users have control over the content
4- Hypertext is a text which contains links to other texts.

5- Hypermedia: is not constrained to be text-based only. It can include

other media, e.g., graphics and images

6- IMPORTANCE OF MULTIMEDIA

Business
Education
Entertainment
Home
7- Advantages of M.Media:

Multimedia enhances the effect of text presentations

Improves the quality of presentation and retains the attention of
audience.
8- Disadvantages of M.Media:

Complex to create.
Use of multimedia is expensive.
9- Two very common mediums used in delivering multimedia
contents:

Web-based multimedia: is a combination of multimedia technology

and Internet technology
CD-based multimedia: have been used to store and deliver
multimedia content.
 Summary Multimedia
10- Web-based multimedia: VS CD-based
multimedia:
Limited picture size and low resolution Can store high end multimedia elements
video Can be permanent stored and are not
Can be changed or deleted by changeable
irresponsible individuals

Chap2

1-Text: is the most common system of communication

2-With multimedia technology, text can be combined with other media in

a powerful and meaningful way to present in formation

3-In information technology, text is a human-readable sequence

of characters

4-Multimedia products depend on text for many things:

To explain how the application work.

To guide the user in navigating through the application.
5-Texts consist of two structures:

Linear: single way to progress through the text, starting at the

beginning and reading to the end.
Non-Linear: Information is represented in a semantic network in
which multiple related sections of the text are connected to each
other.

6-Text elements can be categories into:

Alphabets characters: A Z
Number: 0 9
Special characters: . , ; :
Symbols: @ # $ & *
7-Text Usages:

Heading / Title
Bullet / list
Paragraph
Text as graphics
8-Typeface is a family of graphic characters that usually includes many type
sizes and styles

9-Font: is a collection of characters of a single size and style

belonging to a particular typeface family
 Summary Multimedia
10-Fonts can be characterized as

Serif: have a little "flag" or decoration at the end of the letter stroke.
Sans serif: characters don't have decorations.
Decorative: Used to decorate and beautify a text
11-Four types of alignment:
Flush left
Flush right
12-The Centered
text elements used in multimedia are:
Justified
Menus for navigation.
Interactive buttons.
Fields for reading.
HTML documents.
Symbols and icons.
13-Advantages of text:

Is relatively inexpensive to produce

Present abstract/intangible ideas effectively
Is easily changed or updated
14-Disadvantages of text:

Is less memorable than other visual media

Requires more attention from the user than other media
Can be cumbersome/ heavy
Chap3
1-Image: is an artifact that reproduces the likeness of some subject usually
a physical object

2-Photograph is derived from Greek word photos which means to draw

3-Picture: is made by using a camera

4- Definition of image: is the graphical and visual representation of some

information that can be displayed on a computer screen or printed out

5- Graphic is a digital representation of non-text information such as chart

6- Graphic/images come in a variety of forms which includes:

Pictures or Photographs
Drawings or Line arts
Clip arts
Buttons and Banner
7- Images can be generally divided into two formats:
 Summary Multimedia
Bitmapped or raster images
Vector/ Draw-type
8-Bitmap: a collection of bits that form an image. The image consists of a
matrix of individual dots (or pixels) that all have their own color.(Pixel Based)

9-Bitmapped images are stored as an array of pixels

10-Software to edit/Create bitmapped graphics are:

Adobe Photoshop

Paint Shop Pro

11- Pixel: is the basic unit of programmable color in a computer image

12- Each pixel is formed from three colored lights: red, green, and blue
(RGB).

13- Two factors that determine graphics quality are:

Resolution: is the number of pixels that make up and image.

Color depth: refers to the number of different colors an image can
contain.
14- Popular bitmap formats

Microsoft bitmap (.bmp)

Portable Network Graphics (.png)
Graphics Interchange Format (.gif)
15- Advantages bitmap images
Disadvantages
Convey detail of information Large file size.
quickly Graphics become "blocky" when the size is
Real life increased
16-Vector images: are based on drawing objects to create an image.
(Drawing based)

17- Vector images use less memory space and have a smaller file size
as compared to bitmaps.

18- Bitmaps are not easily scalable and resizable.

19- Bitmaps can be converted to vector images using auto tracing.

20- Software to create vector images:

 Summary Multimedia
Macromedia Freehand
Adobe Illustrator
21- Popular Vector formats

Scalable Vector Graphics (.svg)

Adobe Portable Document Format (.pdf)
22- Advantages vector image Disadvantages
it does not required a Limited level of detail than can be
lot of memory to presented in an image
store more complex
Easier to manipulate

23- Bitmap VS Vector

Pixel based
Drawing based
Large size in memory
Small size in memory
If resize it lost quality
If resize it doesnt
distort
24-3D computer graphics: is the process of developing a mathematical
representation of any three-dimensional surface of an object via
specialized software

25-Features of a 3-D Application:

Modeling: is the process of developing a mathematical
representation of any three-dimensional surface of an object via
specialized software.
Rendering: is the process of producing an image based on three-
dimensional data stored within a computer.
26-Computererized Color

Additive: are colors which are "pure" (RGB).

Subtractive: are colors which are "impure" (CMYK)
27- Advantages using images
Disadvantages
Convey a lot of information Do not provide in-depth explanations
quickly Can be misinterpreted
Enhances other media
28-Photoshop: image-editing software used to create/modify digital images

29-Photoshop Can be used to:

Manipulate images
Retouch photographs
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Repair damaged images
30-Photoshop Workspace

Application bar: provides access to the Bridge, navigation functions

Menu bar: displays a list of commands
Panel: is a window of options that remains visible regardless of what
youre doing
Option bar: will look different depending on which tool you have
active
Status bar
Toolbox: contains tools used to create and manipulate images.
31-Menu Bar contains:

File menu contains options to create new images, load existing

images, save images.
Edit menu contains options to copy, cut, and paste entire images
Image menu contains options to modify color depth or mode
Layer menu contains options to modify and manipulate layers.
Select menu contains options to create, modify and manipulate
Photoshop's selections
Filter will modify the image based on the filter's predefined
instructions
Window contains options to show/hide the Toolbox and panels
View menu contains options to change your view of an image
32-Panel contains:

Layers panel is used to create, manipulate and modify layers

Paths panel is used to create, manipulate, and modify paths
Styles panel maintains a library of effects or textures that can be
applied to a layer
33-Four categories of Photoshop toolbox:

Selection, Crop & Slice Tools

Retouch & Paint Tools
Drawing & Type Tools
Annotations & Measurement Tools
34-Selection tools:

Marquee Tools are used for selecting objects such as rectangles,

squares, and ellipses.
Move Tool is used to move selections, objects, and layers.
Magic Wand Tool selects an area of similar colors in a single click
 Summary Multimedia
Crop Tool allows users to redefine their active image area but not
resize the ENTIRE image
35- Retouch Tools

Healing tools: are used to repair imperfections in images

Clone Stamp Tool: is used for copying image (cloning)
Eraser Tool can be used to erase parts of an image
Dodge Tool lightens parts of an image while the Burn Tool darkens
Sharpen Tool is used to sharpen edges in an image
The Smudge Tool smudges an image while Blur Tool blurs edges.
Sponge Tool is used to saturate image
36-Painting tool:

Brush and Pencil tools are used to paint strokes in graphics

Fill Tools are used to fill entire layers, selections and areas with a solid
color
Type Tools are used for creating and setting type in an image
Pen Tools are used to create clear shapes and paths which can be
used as vector objects
37- Shapes are drawn on shape layers. In Photoshop, you can draw more
than one shape in a shape layer

38- Five geometric shape tools:

Rectangle Tool Rounded Rectangle

Ellipse Tool Tool
Polygon Tool
Line Tool.