ZOBEL AL MONSOR

Dedicated to: All members of

FB group: Banking Career in Bangladesh

BCB MATH 1
MATH 1: The speed of a railway engine is 42 Km per hour when no compartment is attached and the
reduction in speed is directly proportional to the square root of the number of compartments attached.
If the speed of the train carried by this engine is 24 Km per hour when 9 compartments are attached,
what is the maximum number of compartments that can be carried by the engine?

Solution:

S=42-k *root N
=>24=42-k *root 9
=>k=6
Now we have to find out the value of N in case of speed zero.
0=42-6 root N
N=49
Max. no. of compartments=49-1=48 (ans)

********Explanation**********
suppose,
the speed of the railway engine, S = 42 - Kx. where x is the number of compartments and K is a
constant.

according to the question:

24 = 42 - K9
or, K = 6.
the engine can carry a maximum of that number of compartments for which its speed is greater than
zero.

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suppose, R is the maximum number of compartments.
so,
42 - KR > 0
or, 6R < 42
or, R < 7
or, R < 49
greatest integer value of R that is less than 49 is 48.
so, 48 is the maximum number of compartments that the railway engine can carry.

Math 2: Mr. Karim deposited a certain amount of money for a fixed period of time. On maturity, he
received a total of Tk. 45000 when the ratio of interest and investment became 2:5. If the interest rate
was 3.6%, calculate the time period for which the money was invested.

Solution:

investment =5x
interest =2x
ATQ,
5x+2x=45000
x=6429
so, investment 5x =5*6429 =32145
interest 2x=2*6429 =12858
We know, I=P*N*R
12858=32145*n*3.6/100
n=11 years

Math 3: A man and a boy can finish a work by 8 days. 2 men and 4 boys can finish this work by 3 days.
How many days need for a boy to finish this work?

Solution:

1m+1b=1/8.......(1)
2m+4b=1/3.......(2)
(1)2-(2)
2b=1/12
b=1/24
Hence we get, 1 boy can do the job in 24 days

Math 4: Two alloys A and B are composed of two basic elements. The ratios of the compositions of the
two basic elements in the two alloys are 5:3 and 1:2, respectively. A new alloy X is formed by mixing the
two alloys A and B in the ratio 4:3. What is the ratio of the composition of the two basic elements in
alloy X?

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Solution:

Given, in the new alloy X, A & B are mixed in the ratio 4 : 3.

Let, 4 units of Alloy A, and 3 units of Alloy B are mixed in X.

in 4 units of Alloy A,
--- quantity of element#1 = 4 5/(5+3) = 2.5 units
--- quantity of element#2 = 4 3/(5+3) = 1.5 units.
.
in 3 units of Alloy B,
--- quantity of element#1 = 3 1/(1+2) = 1 unit
--- quantity of element#2 = 3 2/(1+2) = 2 units

so,
in new alloy X,
--- quantity of element#1 = 2.5 + 1 = 3.5 units
--- quantity of element#2 = 1.5+2 = 3.5 units.
Therefore, the ratio of two basic elements in the new alloy X is 3.5 : 3.5 = 1 : 1

Math 5: After being dropped a certain ball always bounces back to 2/5 of the height of its previous
bounce. After the first bounce it reaches a height of 125 inches. How high (in inches) will it reach after
its fourth bounce?

Solution: after 4 bounce it will reach=2/5 x 2/5 x 2/5 x 125 =8inches

*******Explanation*********
After 1st bounce it reaches = 125 inch

After 2nd bounce it reaches = 125* (2/5) = 50

After 3rd bounce it reaches = 50*2/5=20

After 4th bounce it reaches = 20*2/5= 8

Math 6: A cars average speed is 25 miles per gallon of gasoline when driven in the city and 40 miles per
gallon when driven on the highway. According to these rates, which is closest to the number of miles per
gallon that the cars average speed when it is driven 10 miles in the city and then 50 miles on the
highway?

Solution: @ city, 25 miles goes by using 1 gallon

so, 10 miles goes by = 10/25 = 2/5 gallon
@ highway,

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40 miles goes by using 1 gallon
so, 50 miles goes by= 50/40 = 5/4 gallon
so, total gallon= 2/5 + 5/4 = 33/20 gallon
total distance covered= 10 + 50= 60 miles
average speed/ gallon=60/ (33/20) = (60 X 20) /33 = 36.36 apprx (ans)

Alternative
Total miles driven are 10+50=60. 10 miles in the city it will use 10/25=0.4 gallons; 50 miles on the
highway it will use 50/40=1.25
gallons; So average miles per gallon equals to 60/(0.4+1.25)=36.36

Math 7: Aman started a business investing TK. 70,000. Rakhi joined him after six months with an amount
of TK. 1,05,000 and Sagar joined them with TK. 1,40,000 after another six months. The amount of profit
earned should be distributed in what ratio among Aman, Rakhi and Sagar respectively, 3 years after
Aman started the business?

Solution:

Arman invested for whole 36 months while Rakhi for (36-6)= 30 months and Sagar for (36-12) = 24
months
so, Arman : Rakhi: Sagar= (70,000 X 36) : (105,000 X 30) : (140,000 X 24)
= 12 : 15 : 16 (ans)

Math 8: A person bought an article and sold it at a loss of 10%.If he had bought it for 20% less and sold it
for tk.55 more, he would have made a profit of 40%.what was the cost of the article in taka?

Solution: let, CP=x

SP=.9x
New CP=.8x
New SP=.9x+55

ATQ,
.9x+55-.8x=.8x*.4
or, x=250

********Alternative********
Let original CP be x
First SP = 9x/10
New CP = 4x/5

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New SP = 140% of 4x/5 = 28x/25 ATQ 28x/25 - 9x/10 = 55
Or, x = 250 (Answer)

Math 9: A team of 3 men and 5 women completed one-fourth of the job in 3 days. After 3 days,
another man joined and they took 2 days to complete another one-fourth of job. How many men can
complete the whole job in 5 days?

Solution: 3m&5w can complete in 12 days

4m&5w can do it in 8 days
so 1m can do in 1/8-1/12 or 24 day
so men required to complete in 5 days=24/5=4.8~5men

Math 10: A school has raised 75% of the amount it needs for a new building by receiving an average
donation of tk 60 from the people already solicited. The people already solicited represented 60% of the
people the college will ask for donations. If the college is to raise exactly the amount needed for the new
building, how much must the remaining people donate per person?

Solution: Let total No. of people be 100.

So, Donation Received = 60*60 = 3600

Now, 75% donation = 3600

Then, 100% donation = 3600*100/75 = 4800

Remaining donation = 4800-3600 = 1200

Remaining people = 100-60 = 40
per person donation to be solicited = 1200/40 = 30

Math 11: A train which travels at a uniform speed due to some mechanical fault afer traveling for an
hour goes at 3/5th of the original speed & reached the destination 2hours late. if the fault had occurred
after traveling another 50miles, the train would have reached 40minutes earlier. what is the distance
between the two stations?

Solution: Let, the original speed is x and 3/5 th of original speed is 0.6x

50/0.6x - 50/x= 40/60

(250-150)/3x = 2/3
100/3x = 2/3
6x=300
x=50

3/5 of 50 = 30

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speed reduces by = 50-30 = 20
It is late by 2 hours and by this time it goes 30*2 = 60
If the train goes with its original speed it took 60/20 = 3 hours after the first hour. That means total 4
hours.
Therefore, total distance covered 4*50 = 200

*******Alternative********
Let,
Original speed=x km
Reduced " = 3x/5 or .6x
ATQ
50/(3x/5)-50/x=40/60
Or, x = 50
Again,
let,
Distance=D
ATQ
1+(D-50)/.6x=D/50+2(converting into time)
Or, D= 200
So , Distance= 200 km

Math 12: The volume of a wall 5 times as high as it is broad & 8 times as long as it is high, is 12.8
cubic meters. The breadth (in cm) of the wall is?

Solution:
Let the breadth of the wall be x metres
Height = 5x metres
length = 40x metres.
x * 5x * 40x = 12.8
x^3=12.8/200

x=4/10 m
x=4/10 *100 =40 cm

Math 13:
In what ratio must a person mix three kinds of tea costing tk.60/kg, tk.75/kg & tk.100/kg so that the
resultant mixture when sold at tk.96/kg yields a profit of 20%?

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Solution: CP=96/1.20=80

1st : 2nd=1/(80-60) : 1/(80-75)

=1/20:1/5=1:4

1st : 3rd=1/(80-60) : 1/(100-80)

=1/20:1/20
=1:1

2nd : 3rd=1/(80-75) : 1/(100-80)

=1/5 : 1/20
=4:1

1st :2nd:3rd=1:4:(1+1)=1:4:2

********Alternative***********
CP of the mixture =96/1.2=80

Say Ratio of mixture of three kinds of tea are x,y and z respectively
Now 60x+100z=80(x+z)
Or x:z=1:1

Again 75y+100z=80(x+y)
Or 5y=20z
Or y:z=4:1
So required ratio 1:4:2(1+1)

*********Alternative*********
96(x+y+z)=1.2(60x+75y+100z)
96x+96y+96z=72x+90y+120z
24x+6y=24z
y+4x=4z
x,y > 0,
Lowest value has to be considered.
4+4*1=4*2
i.e., x:y:z=1:4:2

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Math 14: A boat sails M miles upstream at the rate of R miles per hour. If the rate of the stream is
S miles per hour. How long will it take the boat to return to its starting point?

Solution:
Let speed of boat in still water is x mph
Upstream speed r=x-s
r+s=x
Now downstream speed= x+s
=r+s+s
=r+2s
Required time= m/ r+ 2s

Math 15: The sum of two numbers is 15 and sum of their squares is 113.The numbers are?

Solution:
x+y=15
x^2+y^2=113

(x+y)^2 - 2xy=113
225 - 2xy=113
2xy=112
xy=56

(x-y)^2=(x+y)^2 - 4xy=225 - 4*56

(x-y)^2=1
x-y=1
x+y=15

2x=16
x=8
y=7

i.e., 8 & 7

Math 16: A dishonest business man makes a profit of 10% both buying and selling of a commodity.
If his profit is
Tk.1050, what is the cost of the commodity???

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Solution: Let, CP= 100
Market Price= 110
SP= 110+110*10/100
= 121

Profit=121-100= 21 Tk

CP= 100*1050/21= 5000Tk

Math 17: A workers buys some shirts and some ties .shirts costs tk .70 each and the ties cost tk.30
each. if the man spends exactly tk.810 and buys the maximum number of shirts possible under these
conditions, what is the ratio of shirts to ties ?

Solution:
Let x no.of shirt y no.of tie will buy = Tk 810,
So 70x+30y = 810,
Now, (70*9)+(6*30) = 810
requred ratio 9:6
or, 3:2 ( ans)

Math 18: A company has issued 200,000 ordinary shares of tk.10 each & 50,000 debetures of tk.100
each. The debenture interest of 10% per annum. In one year, after paying the interest of 9% on the
debentures & 9% dividend on the ordinary shares. It's profits are just sufficient to put tk. 200,000 to
reserve. What are the profits for that year?

Solution:
200000*10*.09+50000*100*.09+200000=830000

Math 19: one-fifth of the products made by a company is detective. Four fifth of the defectives are
rejected and 1/20 of the good product are rejected by mistake. If all the products not rejected are sold,
what percent of the products sold by the company defective?

Solution:
let, total products=100....

so defective=100*(1/5)=20,

defectives rejected= 20*(4/5)=16 and defectives sold=20-16=4........

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.good products=100-20=80,

good products rejected by mistake=80*(1/20)=4.

good products sold except rejected by mistake=80-4=76...

so total sold= defective sold+ good sold=4+76=80....

now out of total sale80, defective sold=4...so %=4/80*100=5....ans:5%

Math 20: A bank has a parking plot of 70 parking spaces. Each row in the parking lot contains the
same number of parking spaces. The bank has purchased additional land for expansion of the office
space. When the expansion is made, two parking spaces will be lost from each row; however, 4 more
rows will be added to the parking lot. After the expansion is made, the capacity of the parking lot will
remain the same and each row will contain the same number of parking spaces. How many rows were
there in the parking lot before expansion was made?

Solution:
Xy=70 & (x+4) (y-2)= 70 solvin x= 10

Math 21: A computer company offered to sell a city agency new machines at a 15% discount from
the price list, and to allow the agency Tk. 8500 for each of two old computers being traded in the list
price of the new machine is Tk. 62500. If the agency accepts the offer, how much money will it have to
pay for the 4 new machines?

Solution: total list price=62500*4=250000

price after discount =250000*.85=212500
price have to pay=212500-(8500*2)=195500

*********Alternative*****
list price= 62500
@ 15% discount, Selling price = 85% of 62500 = 53125
so, SP of 4 computers= 53125 X 4 = 212500
exchanging amount of 2 computer = 8500 X 2 = 17000 tk
so, actual paying amount = 212500- 17000= 195500 tk (ans)

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Math 22: In a group of account

holders 40% of the account
holders are businessmen and the
remaining account holders are
service holders. Half of the
account holders are male and half
are female. 10% account holders
businessmen and male and 40
account holders are service
holders and female. How many of
the account holders are
businessman and female?

Solution:

Math 23: In a 100m race, jami beats rony by 4s. If jami allowed rony to start 16m ahead of him, then
both reach the finishing point at the same time. How long does jami take to run the 100m race?

Solution:

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Distance traveled by jam 100 m , taken time=t ;

Then distance traveled by rony=84m , time taken =t+4 ......

ATQ, 100*t=84(t+4) ......... on solving t=21 sec

******Alternative******
To cover 100 m rony needs
=4*100/16
=25 sec
So, jamy needs=25-4
=21 sec
[As jamy beats Rony by 4 sec]

Math 24: A man cheats while buying as well as while selling. While buying he takes 10% more than
what he pays for and while selling he gives 20% less than what he claims to. Find the profit percent, if he
sells at 9.09% below the cost price of the claimed weight. (GRE MATH)

Solution: In weight questions, try to go one step at a time.

Say the man buys 100 pounds for $100. But he cheats and takes 110 pounds. This means his cost price is
$10/11 per pound.
While giving 100 pounds, he actually gives only 80 pounds and charges 9.09% less

i.e. 1/11 less than the cost price of 100 pounds which is $100.

So he sells at 10/11 * 100 = 1000/11

His cost price for 80 pounds = 10/11 * 80 = 800/11
His selling price for 80 pounds = 1000/11

Profit = (1000/11 - 800/11)/800/11 * 100 = 25%

Math 25: In a bag 6 identical green marbles, 4 identical blue marbles and 2 identical red marbles. If
the marbles are picked at random from the twelve in the bag, how many distinct sets of three can be
selected?

Math 26: Given 2E+2F =6G, 2E-2F=2G, and F-G=0, How many unique solutions are there for G ????

Solution: *F-G=0
G=F
*SO 2E+2F=6G
2E=4G

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G=E/2
*2E+2F=6G
G=(E+F)/3 (ans : 3)

Math 27: In a room filled with 7 people, 4 people have exactly 1 sibling in the room and 3 people
have exactly 2 siblings in the room. If two individuals are selected from the room at random, what is the
probability that those two individuals are NOT siblings?

Solution: If 4 people have exactly 1 sibling, there are 2 pairs of siblings in the 4 people

Say A B C and D, each have exactly 1 sibling. That implies, A has 1 sibling (say B), so B's sibling is A
Similarly, C and D are siblings

Now if 3 people (say E F and G) each have 2 siblings, then E must have F and G both as siblings
F must have E and G both as siblings, and same for G too.

So we have 2 pairs of 2 siblings and 1 triplet of 3 siblings

A-B
C-D
E-F-G

ways of selecting 2 out of 7 is = 21 ways

ways of NOT selecting a sibling pair = Total ways - ways of always getting a pair

ways of getting a sibling pair :

A-B = 1way
C-D = 1 way
2 out of 3 (E - F - G) = 3 ways

so 5 ways we always get a sibling pair, remaining 21-5 ways we dont get a sibling pair

ans is 16/21

Math 28: The interest charged on al loan is p per tk 1000 for the first quarter (3 months) and q
per 1000 for each month after the first quarter. How much interest will be charged for the first year on
tk 1000 ??

Solution:

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Math 29: 5% merchandise of a trader was stolen and another 5% was damaged during
transportation. At what profit (%) should he sell the rest of the goods so that he can make an overall
profit of 20%?

Solution: let total goods 100tk

stolen & damge 5+5=10
@20% profit need sell120tk.
remain tk 90.
% of sell of rest goods is=30/90*100=33.33

Math 30: A jar contains marbles of 4 different colors. The number of blue marbles is three times as
many as the yellow ones. The number of red marbles is half that of the yellow ones. The number of
orange marbles is equal to the number of red ones. What percent of the marbles are orange colored?

Solution:
let, yllw=x
blue= 3x
red= x/2
orange= x/2
%= orange/ total X 100
= (x/2) / 5x X 100
= 10% (ans)

Math 31: the average price of a new car increased by 20% from 1990 to 1995 and again increased
by 20% from 1995 to 2000 . if the average price of the car Wasatch tk 450000 in 1995 what is the
difference in average price of a car between 1990 and 2000?

Solution:
Price in 1990=(450000*100/120)=375000.

Again price in 2000=(450000*120/100)=540000.

Now difference= 540000 - 375000 = 165000 (Ans.)

Math 32: Fresh grapes contain 90% water by weight while dried grapes contain 20% water by weight.
What is the weight of dry grapes available from 20 kg of fresh grapes?

Solution:

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90% of the weight of the fresh grapes is water, so 10% is not water.

# 10% of 20kg = 2kg is totally waterless grapes.

# We also know Dried grapes contain 20% water,,

That means 80% of the weight of "dried" grapes is not water.

So,80% of Dried = 2kg

Or, 100% = 2.5

Math 33: A,B & C can do a piece of work in 16, 32 & 48 days respectively.They started working together
but C left after working 4 days & B, 2days before the completion of work. How many days it took to
complete the work?

Solution: x/16+x-2/32+4/48=1 ; on solving x=94/9 or x=10.44 days

Math 34: Rina and Shila entered into a partnership with their capitals in the ratio 5:6.At the end of 8
months, Rina withdraws her capital. If they receive the profit in the ratio of 5:9, find how long Shila's
capital was used?

Solution:

lt invst 5x:6x

hre 5x for 8 monts and lt 6x for y mnt

atq 5x*8/6x*y=5/9 so

y =12

Math 35: A train overtakes two persons walking along a railway track. The first one walks at 4.5 km/hr.
The other one walks at 5.4 km/hr. The train needs 8.4 and 8.5 seconds respectively to overtake them.
What is the speed of the train if both the persons are walking in the same direction as the train?

Solution: let, lenth of the train x km and speed is y kmph.

ATQ, x/(y-4.5)=8.4/3600 ------------(1

and x/(y-5.4)=8.5/3600.

solving this two equation we get y=81

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