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Working Principle of Transformer: Electrical Machine

An electrical transformer is a static device that transfers electrical power between two coils through mutual induction without changing frequency. It can increase or decrease voltage by correspondingly decreasing or increasing current. The transformer works by inducing an alternating magnetic flux in a primary winding that links to a secondary winding, inducing an EMF according to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction and transferring power between the circuits.

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Vijay Kumar
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16 views

Working Principle of Transformer: Electrical Machine

An electrical transformer is a static device that transfers electrical power between two coils through mutual induction without changing frequency. It can increase or decrease voltage by correspondingly decreasing or increasing current. The transformer works by inducing an alternating magnetic flux in a primary winding that links to a secondary winding, inducing an EMF according to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction and transferring power between the circuits.

Uploaded by

Vijay Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Electrical transformer is a static electrical machine which transforms electrical power from one circuit to

another circuit, without changing the frequency. Transformer can increase or decrease the voltage with
corresponding decrease or increase in current.

Working Principle Of Transformer

The basic principle behind working of a transformer is the phenomenon of mutual induction between
two windings linked by common magnetic flux. The figure at right shows the simplest form of a
transformer. Basically a transformer consists of two inductive coils; primary winding and secondary
winding. The coils are electrically separated but magnetically linked to each other. When, primary winding
is connected to a source of alternating voltage, alternating magnetic flux is produced around the winding.
The core provides magnetic path for the flux, to get linked with the secondary winding. Most of the flux
gets linked with the secondary winding which is called as 'useful flux' or main 'flux', and the flux which
does not get linked with secondary winding is called as 'leakage flux'. As the flux produced is alternating
(the direction of it is continuously changing), EMF gets induced in the secondary winding according
to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. This emf is called 'mutually induced emf', and the
frequency of mutually induced emf is same as that of supplied emf. If the secondary winding is closed
circuit, then mutually induced current flows through it, and hence the electrical energy is transferred from
one circuit (primary) to another circuit (secondary).

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