PHILIPPINE AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING STANDARD PAES 103 : 2000

Foreword

This standard is a revision of the Philippine National Standard (PNS) 556:1992 Method of
Sampling". The revision was initiated by the Agricultural Machinery Testing and Evaluation
Center (AMTEC) under the project entitled "Enhancing the Implementation of AFMA
Through Improved Agricultural Engineering Standards" which was funded by the Bureau of
Agricultural Research (BAR) of the Department of Agriculture (DA).

This revised standard was reviewed by the Technical Committee for Study 1- Development
of Standards for Agricultural Production Machinery and was circulated to various private and
government agencies/organizations concerned for their comments and reactions. This
standard was presented to the Philippine Society of Agricultural Engineers (PSAE) and
subjected to a public hearing organized by the National Agriculture and Fisheries Council
(NAFC). The comments and reactions received during the presentation and public hearing
were taken into consideration in the finalization of this standard.

This standard has been technically revised in accordance with PNS 01:Part 4:1998 - Rules for
the Structure and Drafting of Philippine National Standards. The main changes are listed
below:

- title of the standard has been modified in conformity to the format of

International Standard; and
- modification of the sampling method and providing example for each step.

In the preparation of this standard, reference was made to Design and Analysis of
experiments 3rd edition by Douglas C. Montgomery.
PHILIPPINE AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING STANDARD PAES 103 : 2000

Agricultural Machinery Method of Sampling

1 Scope

This standard prescribes the procedures for sampling agricultural machinery and its
components, unless specified in the respective product specification. This applies to the
finished products in the production line.

2 Definitions

For the purpose of this standard, the following definitions shall apply:

2.1
acceptance test
test carried out on samples selected from a lot for the purpose of acceptance of the lot

2.2
lot
in any consignment, all components or equipment under study

NOTE To constitute a lot, all components or equipment of the same kind, type, size, and
manufactured from the same material shall be grouped together.

2.3
routine test
test carried out on each and every component or equipment to check the specifications which
are likely to vary during production

2.4
type test
test carried out to prove conformity to the requirements of the relevant specification

NOTE This is intended to check the general qualities and design of a given type of
component or equipment.
 PAES 103 : 2000

3 Procedure

3.1 Acceptance of Test Sampling

3.1.1 Scale of Sampling

3.1.1.1 The sample shall be selected at random from the lot using the following procedure:

3.1.1.1.1 Determine the value of r using the following equation:

N
Let r =
n

where:
r is the upper limit of the set of numbers which will be used in selecting the
components or equipment in the sample.

N is the size of the lot

n is the size of the sample for a given lot size (see Table 1)

Table 1 Scale of Sampling

For Visual and Dimensional Tests For other Tests

Lot Size
Sample size Sample size
N n n
Up to 10 1 1
11 to 25 2 2
26 to 50 3 2
51 to 100 5 2
101 to 300 13 3
301 to 500 32 5
501 to 1000 50 8
1001 to above 80 13

3.1.1.1.2 Draw any number from 1 to r at random.

3.1.1.1.3 Let this number as z, representing the first sample starting from any component or
equipment in a lot, count them in one order as 1, 2, 3up to z where the unit corresponding
to z will be the first sample.

3.1.1.1.4 Then start counting from the next until r. Every rth component or equipment thus
counted shall be withdrawn to give the required number of component or equipment in the
sample. (see the following example)
Example:

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PAES 103 : 2000

a) For instance, a lot size (N) equal to 20 shall have a sample size (n) equal to 2 from
Table 1. Therefore,
N 20
r = = = 10
n 2

b) Let say from 1 to 10, the number drawn is 8 which is our z. Since the component H is
the 8th component, it shall be the first sample to be considered.

c) Starting from component I, count them in order up to 10. The 10th component is
component R. Therefore; it is the second sample to be considered.

Components A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T
step b 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
step c 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2

3.1.1.2 The samples from each lot shall be tested for ascertaining the conformity of the lot to
the requirements of the relevant product specification. The number of samples from each lot
shall be taken according to columns 1 and 2 of Table 2.

Table 2 Scale of Sampling and Permissible Number of Defectives

For Visual and Dimensional Tests For other Tests

Lot Size Permissible Permissible
Sample size Number of Sample size Number of
N n Defectives n Defectives
Up to 10 1 0 1 0
11 to 25 2 0 2 0
26 to 50 3 0 2 0
51 to 100 5 0 2 0
101 to 300 13 1 3 0
301 to 500 32 3 5 0
501 to 1000 50 5 8 1
1001 to above 80 7 13 1

3.1.2 Conformity

3.1.2.1 Tests for visuals and dimensional characteristics The component or equipment
selected at random according to sub-clause 3.1.1.1 shall be examined for visual and
dimensional characteristics. The component or equipment failing to satisfy any one or more
of these requirements of the specification shall be considered as defective. The lot shall be
considered as conforming to the requirements for these characteristics, if the number of
defective component or equipment in the sample does not exceed the number given in
column 3 of Table 2.

3.1.2.2 Tests for other than the visual and dimensional characteristics If the lot
conforms to the requirements for visual and dimensional characteristics, a sub-sample of size

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given in column 4 of Table 2 shall be taken at random from the component or

equipment selected in sub-clause 3.1.2.1. Each of the component or equipment in the sub-
sample shall be taken at random and shall be tested for the requirements of characteristics
other than visual and dimensional characteristics.

A component or equipment not satisfying any one or more of the requirements shall be
considered as defective. The lot shall be considered as conforming to the requirements if the
number of defectives in the sub-sample does not exceed the number given in column 5 of
Table 2.

Note: If no requirement other than visual and dimensional is specified in an individual

specification, columns 4 and 5 of Table 2 and sub-clause 3.1.2.2 shall not be considered. In
such cases, the lot fulfilling the tests given in sub-clause 3.1.2.1 shall be considered as
conforming to the requirements of the specification.

3.2 Routine tests

Each component or equipment shall be tested for routine tests. Specific tests to be conducted
shall be as given in the relevant specification.

3.3 Type tests

3.3.1 For type tests, the manufacturer or the supplier shall furnish to the testing authority
one sample of product. The test sample shall be selected by the testing authority with
agreement of the manufacturer or the supplier. All the relevant information regarding the
component or equipment along with a detailed specification shall also be furnished by the
manufacturer or the supplier.

3.3.2 The sample so selected, shall be tested for all the requirements specified in the
specification of the product. If the sample passes all the requirements of the specification, the
product shall be considered to be eligible for type approval.

3.3.3 In case the sample fails, two more samples shall be taken in accordance with
sub-clause 3.3.1 and tested for all requirements. If in the repeat test no single failure occurs,
the product shall be considered eligible for type approval. If the sample fails in the repeat
test, the product shall be disapproved. The manufacturer or the supplier shall be asked to
improve the design and resubmit the product for type approval.

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