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EuroCode - Wind Load Calculation - Part 2

The document provides calculations for wind load on a structure according to Eurocode standards. It calculates the basic wind velocity and pressure for the site based on terrain category and roughness. It then determines external pressure coefficients, internal pressure coefficients, and net pressure coefficients for walls and roof of the structure accounting for openings. The peak wind pressure at different elevations is used along with the net pressure coefficients and tributary area to calculate the uniform wind force on different parts of the structure.

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RigonDEC
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1K views

EuroCode - Wind Load Calculation - Part 2

The document provides calculations for wind load on a structure according to Eurocode standards. It calculates the basic wind velocity and pressure for the site based on terrain category and roughness. It then determines external pressure coefficients, internal pressure coefficients, and net pressure coefficients for walls and roof of the structure accounting for openings. The peak wind pressure at different elevations is used along with the net pressure coefficients and tributary area to calculate the uniform wind force on different parts of the structure.

Uploaded by

RigonDEC
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Project: Job No.

: Sheet: Rev:

Subject: Wind Load Calculation Prepared: Date: Checked:

WIND LOAD CALCULATION


(EN1991-1-4:2005 - Eurocode 1: Actions on structures - Part 1-4: General Actions - Wind Actions)

Calculation of basic wind velocity, vb:


cdir = 1.0 Directional factor; Section 4.2, Note 2 - Recommended value is 1.0
cseason = 1.0 Season factor; Section 4.2, Note 3 - Recommended value is 1.0
vbo = 40.9 m/s Fundamental value of the basic wind velocity (3 sec gust: 50 year return period)
vb = 40.9 m/s Basic wind velocity; Section 4.2, (1)P Expression (4.1) [ vb = cdir * cseason * vbo ]

Calculation of basic velocity pressure, qb:


3
air = 1.250 kg/m Air density; Section 4.5, Note 2 - Recommended value is 1.25 kg/m3
qb = 1.046 kPa Basic velocity pressure; Section 4.5, (1) Expression (4.10) [ qb = 1/2 * air * vb2 ]

Terrain category: I Terrain category, Table 4.1


z0 = 0.01 m Roughness length for terrain category I, Table 4.1
zmin = 1 m Minimum height for terrain category I, Table 4.1

Terrain roughness:
z0,ll = 0.05 m Roughness length for terrain category II, Table 4.1
zmax = 200 m Maximum height, Section 4.3.2
kr = 0.170 Terrain factor depending on z0; Section 4.3.2, Expression (4.5) [ kr = 0.19 * (z0/z0,ll)0.07 ]
cr(z) = kr * ln(z/zo) for zmin z zmax and cr(z) = cr(zmin) for z zmin Roughness factor; Section 4.3.2, Expression (4.4)

Terrain orography:
co(z) = 1.0 Orography factor; Section 4.3.1, recommended value is co(z) = 1.0 (Note 1).

Mean wind velocity, vm:


vm(z) = cr(z) * co(z) * vb Mean wind velocity; Section 4.4 (1), Expression (4.7)

Wind turbulence:
kl = 1.0 Turbulence factor; Section 4.4 (1), recommended value is 1.0.
Iv(z) = kl/co(z) * ln(z/zo) for zmin z zmax and Iv(z) = Iv(zmin) for z < zminTurbulence intensity; Section 4.4 (1), Expression (4.7)

Calculation of peak velocity pressure, qp (Clause 4.5):


qp(z) = [1+7*Iv(z)] * 1/2 * air * vm(z)2 Peak velocity pressure; Section 4.4(1), Expression (4.7)
= ce(z) * qb where ce(z) = [1+7*Iv(z)] * cr(z) * co(z)
z qp(z)
Iv(z) co(z) cr(z) ce(z)
m kPa
0 - - - - 2.306
4 0.167 1.0 1.017 2.205 2.306 Floor Level of Guard House
6.8 0.153 1.0 1.107 2.295 2.400 Roof Level of Guard House
Note: Use corresponding qp(z) with respect to height z.

z= 6.8 m Roof Level of Guard House

Calculation of external pressure coefficients, Cpe:

3.0 m Crosswind dimension, "b" refer to Fig. 7.5


13.6 m 2*h (z= h = height of the strucure), refer to Fig. 7.5
Project: Job No.: Sheet: Rev:

Subject: Wind Load Calculation Prepared: Date: Checked:

3.0 m "e" as per Fig. 7.5


3.0 m "d", Width of the structure parallel to wind direction, refer to Fig. 7.5
15.0 m "5d" as per Fig. 7.5
2.3 h/d

1. Vertical Walls
1.1 Elevation for "e<d" 1.2 Elevation for "ed"

1.3 Elevation for "e5d"


1.2
HENCE, Elevation
for "ed"

Table 7.1 - Recommended values of external pressure coefficients for vertical walls of
rectangular plan buildings
SIDES WINDWARD LEEWARD
Zone A B C D E
h/d Cpe,10 Cpe,1 Cpe,10 Cpe,1 Cpe,10 Cpe,1 Cpe,10 Cpe,1 Cpe,10 Cpe,1
5 -1.2 -1.4 -0.8 -1.1 -0.5 0 0.8 1 -0.7 0
2.3 -1.2 -1.4 -0.8 -1.1 -0.5 0.0 0.8 1.0 -0.6 0.0
1 -1.2 -1.4 -0.8 -1.1 -0.5 0 0.8 1 -0.5 0
0.25 -1.2 -1.4 -0.8 -1.1 -0.5 0 0.7 1 -0.3 0
NOTE: For buildings with h/d>5, the total wind loading may be based on the provisions given in 7.6 to 7.8 and 7.9.2

2. Flat Roofs
Project: Job No.: Sheet: Rev:

Subject: Wind Load Calculation Prepared: Date: Checked:

Table 7.2 - External Pressure coefficients for flat roofs


Zone
Roof Type F G H I
Cpe,10 Cpe,1 Cpe,10 Cpe,1 Cpe,10 Cpe,1 Cpe,10 Cpe,1
Sharp 0.2
Eaves -1.8 -2.5 -1.2 -2 -0.7 -1.2 -0.2
NOTE: Flat roofs are defined as having a slope of -50<<50

Calculation of internal pressure coefficients, Cpi:


For buildings without "dominant face"
6.8 m Heigth of the structure
3.0 m Width of the structure
2.3 h/d
1.0 m Window height
3.0 m Window length
2.1 m Door Height
0.9 m Door Width
3.0 m2 Window area in one side
2
3.9 m Window + door area in one side
0.3 , where =area of opening where Cpe is negative/area of all openings
Project: Job No.: Sheet: Rev:

Subject: Wind Load Calculation Prepared: Date: Checked:

Zone Cpi
h/d
>1 0.35
0.3 0.35
0.25 0.35

Calculation of net pressure coefficient, Cpnet:

1.0 m2 Cpe,1, Area loaded for local coefficient


2
10.0 m Cpe,10, Area loaded for overall coefficient
2.8 m Height of cabin
3.0 m Width of cabin
8.4 m2 Loaded Area

WINDWARD LEEWARD
Zone D E
h/d Cpe,10 Cpe,8.4 Cpe,1 Cpe,10 Cpe,8.4 Cpe,1
5 0.80 0.82 1.00 -0.7 -0.647 0.00
2.3 0.80 0.82 1.00 -0.56 -0.521 0.00
1 0.80 0.82 1.00 -0.5 -0.462 0.00
0.25 0.70 0.72 1.00 -0.3 -0.277 0.00

Roof Type H I
h/d Cpe,10 Cpe,8.4 Cpe,1 Cpe,10 Cpe,8.4 Cpe,1
Sharp
Eaves -0.70 -0.74 -1.20 -0.2 -0.185 0.00

CASE I: When all openings are closed, hence no Internal Pressure

-0.74 -0.185
0.82 -0.521

0.82 0.00 -0.521


WIND

CASE II: When all openings are open

-0.74 -0.185 -1.09 -0.535


0.82 -0.521 0.82 -0.521

0.82 0.35 -0.521 0.47 -0.871


WIND

Due Internal Pressure Net Pressure Coefficient


Project: Job No.: Sheet: Rev:

Subject: Wind Load Calculation Prepared: Date: Checked:

Calculation of wind load:


Uniform wind force, Nw=qp(z)*Cpnet*Spantrib

Elevation Peak Vel. Net Pressure Coefficient Tributary


z Pres., qp(z) Wall Roof Span
m kPa Windward Leeward H I m
0 2.306 0.12
4.0 2.306 0.82 -0.52 -0.74 -0.18 1.5
6.8 2.400 1.5

Net Pressure Tributary Elevation Peak Vel. Uniform Wind Force


Structure Coefficient Span z Pres., qp(z) Case I Case II
Case I Case II m m kPa kN/m kN/m
4.00 2.31
Windward 0.82 0.47 1.5 6.60 3.77
6.80 2.40
Wall
4.00 2.31
Leeward -0.521 -0.871 1.5 -4.22 -7.05
6.80 2.40
H -0.74 -1.09 1.5 6.80 2.40 -2.66 -3.92
I -0.185 -0.535 1.5 6.80 2.40 -0.67 -1.93
Overhang
Roof 0.82 0.82 1.5 6.80 2.40 2.93
(Front) 2.93
Overhang
-0.521 -0.521 1.5 6.80 2.40 -1.87 -1.87
(Back)

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