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Written Homework 4 Solutions: Section 3.4

This document provides solutions to homework problems involving differentiation. It includes steps to take the derivative of absolute value, trigonometric, exponential and logarithmic functions. One problem involves using logarithmic differentiation to find the derivative of an equation where x and y are related. Another asks about the existence of an inverse function given information about the derivative. The summary concludes that if a function f is differentiable on an open interval and f' is always positive, then f has a well-defined inverse function since it is monotonically increasing and thus one-to-one.

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Faisi Gikian
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53 views

Written Homework 4 Solutions: Section 3.4

This document provides solutions to homework problems involving differentiation. It includes steps to take the derivative of absolute value, trigonometric, exponential and logarithmic functions. One problem involves using logarithmic differentiation to find the derivative of an equation where x and y are related. Another asks about the existence of an inverse function given information about the derivative. The summary concludes that if a function f is differentiable on an open interval and f' is always positive, then f has a well-defined inverse function since it is monotonically increasing and thus one-to-one.

Uploaded by

Faisi Gikian
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Written Homework 4 Solutions

Section 3.4
96. Write |x| = sqrtx2 and use the chain rule to show that
d x
|x| =
dx |x|

Solution: Follow the instructions:


d d p 2 1 1 x x
|x| = x = 2x = =
dx dx 2 x2 x2 |x|

If f (x) = | sin(x)|, find f 0 (x) and sketch the graphs of f and f 0 . Where is f not differentiable?
(a) Solution: Follow the same idea from last time.
d d p 1 1 sin(x) sin(x)
| sin(x)| = (sin(x))2 = p 2 sin(x) cos(x) = p cos(x) = cos(x)
dx dx 2 (sin(x)) 2 (sin(x)) 2 | sin(x)|

From here it is easy to see that the derivative does not exist whenever sin(x) = 0 or in other terms when
x = n where n is a whole number.
(b) If g(x) = sin |x|, find g0 (x) and sketch the graphs of g and g0 . Where is g not differentiable?
Solution: Again follow the same idea.
d d p p 1 1 p x x
sin |x| = sin( x2 ) = cos( x2 ) 2x = cos( x2 ) = cos |x|
dx dx 2 x2 x2 |x|
From here it is easy to see that the derivative does not exist if x = 0.
Homework 4 Solutions

Section 3.6
2 x
42. Differentiate y = x ex (x + 1)2/3 using lograrithmic differentiation.

Solution: First take the logarithm of both sides of the equation.


2 1 2
ln(y) = ln( x e x x (x + 1)2/3 ) = ln(x) + (x2 x) + ln(x + 1)
2 3
Now use implicit differentiation
1 0 1 1 2 1
y = + 2x 1 +
y 2 x 3 x+1
!
1 1 2 1
y = y + 2x 1 +
0
2 x 3 x+1
Finally substitute y back and you finish.
!
x2 x 1 1 2 1
y =( xe
0
(x + 1) 2/3
) + 2x 1 +
2 x 3 x+1

52. Find y0 if xy = y x .

Solution: To solve use logarithmic differentiation. First take the logarithm of both sides.

xy = y x

ln(xy ) = ln(y x )
y ln(x) = x ln(y)
Now differentiate. Dont forget to use Product Rule!
y x
y0 ln(x) + = ln(y) + y0
x y

Solving for y0
y
!
x
y ln(x)
0
= ln(y)
y x
y
ln(y)
y =
0 x
x
ln(x) y

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Homework 4 Solutions

Problem A
Let f (x) be defined on the open interval (0, 1). Suppose f is differentiable and satisfies f 0 (x) > 0 for all x in (0, 1).
Does f have a (well-defined) inverse function? If yes, explain why. If no, give a counterexample.

Solution: Yes, f has a well-defined inverse. A function will have an inverse if and only if it is one-to-one. The
condition that f 0 (x) > 0 means that f (x) is increasing. This is true for all x in the domain. Hence, given x1 , x2 in
the domain, if x1 < x2 then f (x1 ) < f (x2 ). Given any two distinct values x1 , x2 in the domain (x1 , x2 ), either
x1 < x2 or x2 < x1 . In the first case f (x1 ) < f (x2 ) and in the second case f (x2 ) < f (x1 ). Either way f (x1 ) , f (x2 ).
This shows that f (x) is one-to-one. Thus f 1 is well-defined.

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