PART C Chapter 3 Contents

Detailing 3.1
3.2
introduction
Lintels
This chapter provides detailing requirements for typical Reinforced masonry lintels
building components and is a visual reference and link
Steel lintels and arch bars
to the CAD Details contained in the Data Folder.
3.3 vertical reinforcement and mullions
Vertically-reinforced masonry
Galvanised steel mullions
Composite masonry mullions
3.4 bond beams
3.5 shear walls and connections
Reinforced shear walls
Anchorage at the masonry/concrete interface
3.6 control joints
3.7 thermal performance
3.8 ancillary details
Ties
Slip joints
Window frames in different materials
Footings
Corner details for various block combinations
Intersection details for various combinations
Engaged piers
Built-in columns
Flexible wall-to-column connections
Installation of services

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
 3.1 INTRODUCTION
Standard Details CAD Details db
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Typical details are shown, along with This chapter also acts as a visual reference gh
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explanatory notes where necessary, for the for the CAD details supplied on this t
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n Lintels, including reinforced-masonry Each of the details in this chapter has a note pla

8
lintels, steel lintels and arch bars. below them indicating the file format type 75

50
x7
5x

190
n Vertical reinforcement and mullions, and file name, as well as a hyperlink to the var 5.0
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If you have an Application Program available info
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red file name to open it. If not, or this does d ow ker a end
dia rea ne
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reinforced masonry shear walls and name and locate it on the CD-ROM or your ted
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95
fille 175 175
n Control joints for crack control in 75
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buildings .0 S e HS L
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Mu nin sill
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Packing
n Ancillary details including window and
Brick sill course
door frames in a variety of materials, Flashing
corner and intersection details, piers,
services etc.

0
30
Weep holes

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
 3.2 LINTELS
3.2.1 REINFORCED-MASONRY Cover and Mortar Type
LINTELS All drawings are based on 20 mm cover to
reinforcement and M3 mortar. However,
Lintel Construction
designers must select an appropriate cover
Reinforced-masonry lintels can be
and mortar from AS 3700 and amend the
constructed using U-shaped lintel blocks
drawings accordingly. See Part B:Chapter 6.
(eg 2012, 2013, 1512 or 1513 blocks).
Details
A two-block-high lintel can be constructed
The following drawings show common
using double-U blocks (eg 2091 or 1591) or
details for horizontally-reinforced masonry
H blocks (eg 2048 or 1548) as the top course.
lintels.
If knock-out bond-beam blocks (eg 2020 or
For load capacity information, see
1520) are used as the top course, provision
Part B:Chapter 5 and Part B:Chapter 6.
must be made for supporting the horizontal
reinforcement off the webs.
Number of Reinforcing Bars
In 190-mm blockwork, it is possible to use
either one bar, set in the centre of the wall,
or two bars, one in each face.
In 140-mm blockwork, only one horizontal
bar should be used.
Care must be taken to avoid bar congestion,
particularly if the masonry also includes
a combination of horizontal and vertical
reinforcement.
Support of Reinforcement
Reinforcement should be positioned by
using plastic wheel-type reinforcement
spacers, galvanised wire hangers or
reinforcing ligatures as shown.

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
 Detail A1 [1 of 7] Detail A2 [2 of 7]

Notes: Notes:
Concrete blocks f'uc 15 MPa Concrete blocks f'uc 15 MPa
Mortar M3 (1:5 + methyl cellulose water thickener) Mortar M3 (1:5 + methyl cellulose water thickener)
Concrete grout N20 (minimum cement 300 kg/m 3, maximum aggregate 10 mm) Concrete grout N20 (minimum cement 300 kg/m 33, maximum aggregate 10 mm)
Reinforcement shall be held in position by Reinforcement shall be held in position by
- steel ligatures; or - steel ligatures; or
- steel hangers; or - steel hangers; or
- plastic wheel type support - plastic wheel type support

1 N16 (minimum cover, c = 20, effective depth, d = 70)

positioned on the webs of concrete blocks and held in position
by plastic wheel type supports

390 x 190 x 140 390 x 190 x 140

100
concrete H block (15.48) or double U block (15.91) concrete lintel block (15.12)
300

390 x 190 x 140 1 N16 (minimum cover, c = 20, effective depth, d = 70)
concrete lintel block (15.12) held in position by plastic wheel type supports

1 N16 (minimum cover, c = 20, effective depth, d = 70)

held in position by plastic wheel type supports 70

70 140

140

Reinforced Concrete Masonry Lintel

Reinforced Concrete Masonry Lintel Scale 1:10
Scale 1:10

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/A-Lintels_Masonry/A1.dxf NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/A-Lintels_Masonry/A2.dxf

PART C:CHAPTER 3
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 Detail A3 [3 of 7] Detail A4 [4 of 7]

Notes: Notes:
Concrete blocks f'uc 15 MPa Concrete blocks f'uc 15 MPa
Mortar M3 (1:5 + methyl cellulose water thickener) Mortar M3 (1:5 + methyl cellulose water thickener)
Concrete grout N20 (minimum cement 300 kg/m 3, maximum aggregate 10 mm) Concrete grout N20 (minimum cement 300 kg/m 33, maximum aggregate 10 mm)
Reinforcement shall be held in position by Reinforcement shall be held in position by
- steel ligatures; or - steel ligatures; or
- steel hangers; or - steel hangers; or
- plastic wheel type support - plastic wheel type support

1 N20 (minimum cover, c = 20, effective depth, d = 95) 2 N20 (minimum cover, c = 20, effective depth, d = 125)
positioned on the webs of concrete blocks and held in position positioned on the webs of concrete blocks and held apart by
by plastic wheel type supports plastic wheel type supports

390 x 190 x 190 390 x 190 x 190

concrete H block (20.48) or double U block (20.91) concrete H block (20.48) or double U block (20.91)
300

300
390 x 190 x 190 390 x 190 x 190
concrete lintel block (20.12) concrete lintel block (20.12)

1 N20 (minimum cover, c = 20, effective depth, d = 95) 2 N20 (minimum cover, c = 20, effective depth, d = 125)
held in position by plastic wheel type supports held in position by plastic wheel type supports

95 125

190 190

Reinforced Concrete Masonry Lintel

Reinforced Concrete Masonry Lintel Scale 1:10
Scale 1:10

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/A-Lintels_Masonry/A3.dxf NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/A-Lintels_Masonry/A4.dxf

PART C:CHAPTER 3
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 Detail A5 [5 of 7] Detail A6 [6 of 7]

Notes: Notes:
Concrete blocks f'uc 15 MPa Concrete blocks f'uc 15 MPa
Mortar M3 (1:5 + methyl cellulose water thickener) Mortar M3 (1:5 + methyl cellulose water thickener)
Concrete grout N20 (minimum cement 300 kg/m 3, maximum aggregate 10 mm) Concrete grout N20 (minimum cement 300 kg/m 33, maximum aggregate 10 mm)
Reinforcement shall be held in position by Reinforcement shall be held in position by
- steel ligatures; or - steel ligatures; or
- steel hangers; or - steel hangers; or
- plastic wheel type support - plastic wheel type support

390 x 190 x 190 390 x 190 x 190

100

100
concrete lintel block (20.12) concrete lintel block (20.12)

2 N20 (minimum cover, c = 20, effective depth, d = 125) 1 N20 (minimum cover, c = 20, efective depth, d = 95)
held in position by plastic wheel type supports held in position by plastic wheel type supports

125 95

190 190

Reinforced Concrete Masonry Lintel

Reinforced Concrete Masonry Lintel Scale 1:10
Scale 1:10

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/A-Lintels_Masonry/A5.dxf NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/A-Lintels_Masonry/A6.dxf

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
 Detail A7 [7 of 7]

R8 hangers

300
270
302 long
100

100 dia Fastlock column spacer

clipped onto reinforcement bar

Steel Positioning Detail - Column Spacers

Scale 1:10

R8 hangers

300
270
302 long

Steel Positioning Detail - Galvanised Wire Hangers

Scale 1:10

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/A-Lintels_Masonry/A7.dxf

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
3.2.2 Steel Lintels and Arch Steel lintels with an inorganic zinc Steel lintels with a mastic coating,
Bars coating, abrasive blast cleaned to a abrasive blast cleaned to a minimum of
minimum of AS 1627.4 Class 2.5, and a AS 1627.4 Class 2.5, and a coating of at
Loads on Lintels
coating of at least 75 microns of least 400 microns of two-part high-build
Masonry constructed in stretcher bond will
inorganic zinc silicate in compliance with epoxy mastic to AS 3750.11
arch over an opening, provided there are
AS/NZS 3750.15 Type 3 or Type 4, except Steel lintels with a duplex coating, hot-
sufficient number of masonry courses above
that for R3 the average coating thickness dip galvanised in accordance with
and sufficient strength at the supports.
shall be not less than 100 microns. AS/NZS 4680 with a coating mass of
AS3700 Commentary suggests that the load
exerted on the lintel can be assumed to be Steel lintels with a duplex coating, hot- 600 g/m2 and a coating of at least
exerted by a triangle of masonry above the dip galvanised in accordance with 50 microns of two-pack non-inhibitive
opening. AS/NZS 4680 or AS/NZS 4791, except epoxy primer to AS/NZS 3750.13 and at
that hot-dip galvanising to be at least least 200 microns of two-pack high-build
End Support 300 g/m2 and a coating to be at least epoxy micaceous iron oxide to
AS 3700 Clause 4.12 requires that lintels be 50 microns of two pack non-inhibitive AS 3750.14.
supported on the masonry abutments for a epoxy primer to AS/NZS 3750.13 and at
distance of at least 100 mm. R5 For applications in saline or
least 125 microns of two-pack high-build
contaminated water including tidal splash
Corrosion Resistance epoxy micaceous iron oxide to
zones and within 1 km of an industry
Steel lintels and arch bars must comply AS 3750.14.
producing chemical pollutants.
with the durability requirements of AS3700 R4 For applications subject to saline
Table 5.1 for the particular exposure Details
wetting and drying, in aggressive soils, in
classification. AS 3700 Clause 5.2.2 makes The following drawings show common
severe marine environments.
it clear that lintels or arch bars supporting details of galvanised steel lintels.
Stainless steel lintels manufactured to
the external leaf of a cavity wall or veneer For information on capacities, including
AS 1449 Grade 316 or AS 1449 Grade
wall are considered to be in an exterior maximum spans, see Part B:Chapter 5.
316L (UNS S31600 and UNS S31603
environment.
respectively)
Corrosion protection requirements in Steel lintels with an inorganic zinc
AS/NZS 2699.3 are as follows: coating, abrasive blast cleaned to a
R0, R1, R2, R3 For all applications except minimum of AS 1627.4 Class 2.5, and a
as listed for R4 and R5. coating of at least 75 microns of
inorganic zinc silicate in compliance with
Steel lintels, hot dip galvanised in
AS/NZS 3750.15 Type 3, Type 4 or Type6,
accordance with AS/NZS 4680 or
plus at least 125 microns of two-pack
AS/NZS4791, except that the minimum
high-build epoxy micaceous iron oxide to
coating mass shall be 300 g/m2 for R0, R1
AS 3750.14
and R2 and be 600 g/m2 for R3.

PART C:CHAPTER 3
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 Detail B1 [1 of 8] Detail B2 [2 of 8]

100 Maximum 100 100 Maximum 100

clear span clear span

10
8

75 75

75 x 8 flat (4.71 kg/m) 75 x 10 flat (5.89 kg/m)

See notes on Corrosion Resistance Of Lintels And Arch Bars See notes on Corrosion Resistance Of Lintels And Arch Bars

75 x 8 FMS Arch Bar 75 x 10 FMS Arch Bar

Scale 1:10 Scale 1:10

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/B-Lintels_Steel/B1.dxf NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/B-Lintels_Steel/B2.dxf

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
 Detail B3 [3 of 8] Detail B4 [4 of 8]

100 for spans less than 1000 mm 100 or 100 for spans less than 1000 mm 100 or
150 for spans greater than 1000 mm 150 150 for spans greater than 1000 mm 150
Maximum clear span Maximum clear span
90

90
6

8
90 90

90 x 90 x 6 equal angle (8.22 kg/m) 90 x 90 x 8 equal angle (10.6 kg/m)

See notes on Corrosion Resistance Of Lintels And Arch Bars See notes on Corrosion Resistance Of Lintels And Arch Bars

90 x 90 x 6 L Lintel 90 x 90 x 8 L Lintel
Scale 1:10
Scale 1:10

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/B-Lintels_Steel/B3.dxf NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/B-Lintels_Steel/B4.dxf

PART C:CHAPTER 3
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 Detail B5 [5 of 8] Detail B6 [6 of 8]

100 for spans less than 1000 mm 100 or 100 for spans less than 1000 mm 100 or
150 for spans greater than 1000 mm 150 150 for spans greater than 1000 mm 150
Maximum clear span Maximum clear span

100
100

8
6

100 100

100 x 100 x 6 equal angle (9.16 kg/m) 100 x 100 x 8 equal angle (11.8 kg/m)
See notes on Corrosion Resistance Of Lintels And Arch Bars See notes on Corrosion Resistance Of Lintels And Arch Bars

100 x 100 x 6 L Lintel 100 x 100 x 8 L Lintel

Scale 1:10 Scale 1:10

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/B-Lintels_Steel/B5.dxf NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/B-Lintels_Steel/B6.dxf

PART C:CHAPTER 3
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 Detail B7 [7 of 8] Detail B8 [8 of 8]

150 Maximum clear span 150 150 Maximum clear span 150

150
150

10
8

90 100

150 x 90 x 8 unequal angle (14.3 kg/m) 150 x 100 x 10 unequal angle (18.0 kg/m)
See notes on Corrosion Resistance Of Lintels And Arch Bars See notes on Corrosion Resistance Of Lintels And Arch Bars

150 x 90 x 8 L Lintel 150 x 100 x10 L Lintel

Scale 1:10 Scale 1:10

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/B-Lintels_Steel/B7.dxf NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/B-Lintels_Steel/B8.dxf

PART C:CHAPTER 3
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 3.3 VERTICAL REINFORCEMENT AND MULLIONS
3.3.1 Vertically-Reinforced ended masonry units such as H- or can lead to a net reduction in the total
Masonry A-shaped blocks, during construction of cost of the wall.
the masonry. The wall is more ductile and will perform
Spacing of Reinforcement
Vertical reinforcement placed in the cores of Starter Bars and Anchorage better under cyclical earthquake loading.
hollow concrete blockwork spans vertically It is common to lap the vertical bars with The wall will exhibit reduced cracking
between horizontal supports and provides starter bars set in the slab or footings below, and deflection when subjected to lateral
strength enhancement to large wall panels. thus providing increased shear resistance loads.
If the reinforcement is spaced at 800 and perhaps some moment resistance at
Support of Reinforcement
mm or less, the masonry is regarded as the base. If the masonry supports a concrete
Reinforcement should be positioned by
close-spaced reinforced masonry, and slab, it may also be preferable to continue
tying to starters at the base and should
may be considered ductile. This will have the wall reinforcement into the slab above
be fixed at the top by plastic spacers. The
advantages in respect of earthquake (see Clause 3.5.2).
position of the steel should be closely
loads. Number of Reinforcing Bars in Each Core controlled at the region of maximum
If the reinforcement is spaced at 2.0m In 190-mm blockwork, it is possible to use moment, eg at the mid-height of a wall. This
centres or less, (but wider than 800mm), either one bar set in the centre of the wall may be achieved by breaking construction
the masonry is regarded as wide- or two bars one in each face. Care must be at this point and lapping the bars. Care must
spaced reinforced masonry, with some taken to avoid bar congestion. be taken to ensure continuity of moment
advantages in respect of robustness. resistance at laps.
The advantages of one vertical bar per core
If the reinforcement is spaced further are: Details
apart than 2.0 m, the masonry is regarded The following drawings show common
The starter bars and reinforcement
as mixed construction, consisting details of vertically-reinforced masonry
are simpler to place, requiring less site
of unreinforced masonry supported elements.
control.
between the vertically-reinforced
masonry elements. There can be greater confidence in Moment and shear capacities are available in
achieving the specified cover. Part B:Chapter 6.
Wall Construction
The cores are less congested, making
The designer should give consideration
grout filling simpler and more effective.
to how the masonry is to be constructed
and the reinforcement placed. One of the The advantages of two vertical bars per core
following options must be used: are:
Provided there are no obstructions Fewer grouted cores and fewer starter
such as slabs or beams above, the bars are required.
reinforcement is placed in the finished Although there is a slight increase in the
masonry from the top. Grouting from the amount of reinforcement used, there is a
top is also feasible. reduction in the amount of grout and the
If there is restricted access from the top, number of grouted cores. Depending on
the reinforcement is placed into open the relative costs of each component, this

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
 Detail C1 [1 of 11] Detail C2 [2 of 11]

Notes:
Concrete blocks f'uc 15 MPa Notes:
Mortar M3 (1:5 + methyl cellulose water thickener) Concrete blocks f'uc 15 MPa
Concrete grout N20 (minimum cement 300 kg/m 3, maximum aggregate 10 mm) Mortar M3 (1:5 + methyl cellulose water thickener)
Reinforcement shall be held in position by plastic wheel type support Concrete grout N20 (minimum cement 300 kg/m 3, maximum aggregate 10 mm)
Reinforcement shall be held in position by plastic wheel type support

2 N20 (minimum cover, c = 20, effective depth, d = 125) 1 N20 (minimum cover, c = 20, effective depth, d = 95)
tied to starter bars at the base of the wall and held tied to starter bars at the base of the wall and held
in position at the top by plastic wheel type spacers in position at the top by plastic wheel type spacers
fixed after grouting, but while grout is still fluid fixed after grouting, but while grout is still fluid

95
125
190

190
390 x 190 x 190 390 x 190 x 190
concrete block (20.01) concrete block (20.01)
Block at the base of the pour to Block at the base of the pour to
incorporate clean-out opening incorporate clean-out opening

Reinforced Concrete Masonry Wall Reinforced Concrete Masonry Wall

Scale 1:10
Scale 1:10

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/C-Vert_reinf_Masonry/C1.dxf NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/C-Vert_reinf_Masonry/C2.dxf

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
 Detail C3 [3 of 11] Detail C4 [4 of 11]

Notes:
Concrete blocks f'uc 15 MPa Notes:
Mortar M3 (1:5 + methyl cellulose water thickener) Concrete blocks f'uc 15 MPa
Concrete grout N20 (minimum cement 300 kg/m 3, maximum aggregate 10 mm) Mortar M3 (1:5 + methyl cellulose water thickener)
Reinforcement shall be held in position by plastic wheel type support Concrete grout N20 (minimum cement 300 kg/m 3, maximum aggregate 10 mm)
Reinforcement shall be held in position by plastic wheel type support

2 N20 (minimum cover, c = 20, effective depth, d = 125) 1 N20 (minimum cover, c = 20, effective depth, d = 95)
tied to starter bars at the base of the wall and held tied to starter bars at the base of the wall and held
in position at the top by plastic wheel type spacers in position at the top by plastic wheel type spacers
fixed after grouting, but while grout is still fluid fixed after grouting, but while grout is still fluid

95
125
190

190
390 x 190 x 190 390 x 190 x 190
concrete block (20.01) concrete block (20.01)
Block at the base of the pour to Block at the base of the pour to
incorporate clean-out opening incorporate clean-out opening

Reinforced Concrete Masonry Wall Reinforced Concrete Masonry Wall

Scale 1:10 Scale 1:10

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/C-Vert_reinf_Masonry/C3.dxf NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/C-Vert_reinf_Masonry/C4.dxf

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
 Detail C5 [5 of 11] Detail C6 [6 of 11]

Notes:
Concrete blocks f'uc 15 MPa Notes:
Mortar M3 (1:5 + methyl cellulose water thickener) Concrete blocks f'uc 15 MPa
Concrete grout N20 (minimum cement 300 kg/m 3, maximum aggregate 10 mm) Mortar M3 (1:5 + methyl cellulose water thickener)
Reinforcement shall be held in position by plastic wheel type support Concrete grout N20 (minimum cement 300 kg/m 3, maximum aggregate 10 mm)
Reinforcement shall be held in position by plastic wheel type support

1 N16 (minimum cover, c = 20, effective depth, d = 70) 1 N16 (minimum cover, c = 20, effective depth, d = 70)
tied to starter bars at the base of the wall and held tied to starter bars at the base of the wall and held
in position at the top by plastic wheel type spacers in position at the top by plastic wheel type spacers
fixed after grouting, but while grout is still fluid fixed after grouting, but while grout is still fluid
70

70
140

140
390 x 190 x 140 390 x 190 x 140
concrete block (15.01) concrete block (15.01)
Block at the base of the pour to Block at the base of the pour to
incorporate clean-out opening incorporate clean-out opening

Reinforced Concrete Masonry Wall Reinforced Concrete Masonry Wall

Scale 1:10 Scale 1:10

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/C-Vert_reinf_Masonry/C5.dxf NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/C-Vert_reinf_Masonry/C6.dxf

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
 Detail C7 [7 of 11]

700 min lap

700 min lap
N16 vertical bar

50.31 filler unit 50.31 filler unit

Cleanout unit Cleanout unit

Height of first grout pour

3000 max above floor

N16 starter bar

Footing

190

Detail At Footing Detail At Mid Height

Single N16 Reinforced Masonry

Scale 1:10

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/C-Vert_reinf_Masonry/C7.dxf

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
 Detail C8 [8 of 11]

700 min lap

700 min lap
N16 vertical bars

50.31 filler unit

50.31 filler unit Cleanout unit

Cleanout unit Height of first grout pour

3000 max above floor

Footing
N16 starter bar

190

Detail At Footing Detail At Mid Height

2-N16 Bar Reinforced Masonry

Scale 1:10

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/C-Vert_reinf_Masonry/C8.dxf

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
 Detail C9 [9 of 11]

1000 min lap

N20 vertical bar

700 min lap

50.31 filler unit

50.31 filler unit
20.96 cleanout unit
Cleanout unit

Height of first grout pour

Footing 3000 max above floor
N16 starter bar

190

Detail At Footing Single N20 Reinforced Masonry Detail At Mid Height

Scale 1:10
NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/C-Vert_reinf_Masonry/C9.dxf

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
 Detail C10 [10 of 11]

1000 min lap

N20 vertical bars

700 min lap

50.31 filler unit

Wire tie to starters
Cleanout unit
50.31 filler unit

Cleanout unit
Footing Height of first grout pour
N16 starter bar
3000 max above floor

190
2-N20 Bar Reinforced Masonry
Detail At Footing Detail At Mid Height
Scale 1:10
NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/C-Vert_reinf_Masonry/C10.dxf

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
 Detail C11 [11 of 11]

110
70

2 holes, 3mm larger

than bar size
50

If the pouring of grout is closely

supervised, the vertical reinforcement
may be adjusted while the grout is
still wet. Otherwise, temporary steel
spacers should be used.

Temporary Steel Spacers

For Positioning Reinforcement In 190 mm Blockwork
Scale 1:5

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/C-Vert_reinf_Masonry/C11.dxf

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
3.3.2 Galvanised Steel Mullions Details Details of Steel Mullions
The following drawings show common Grade(2) Orientation(3)
Strength and Stiffness
details of galvanised steel mullions. Section(1) MPa (depth through wall) End connection type(4)
It is increasingly the practice in southern
Australia to provide lateral support to Moment and shear capacities are given in 150 x 50 x 5.0 RHS C450LO 150 2-M12, 8
unreinforced masonry subject to lateral PartB:Chapter 6. 150 x 50 x 4.0 RHS C450LO 150 2-M12, 8
earthquake, wind or fire loads by building
125 x 75 x 6.0 RHS C450LO 75 2-M12, 8
in galvanised steel mullions. Although this 125 x 75 x 5.0 RHS C450LO 75 2-M12, 8
is a convenient practice, it is significantly
75 x 75 x 6.0 SHS C450LO 75 2-M10, 8
more expensive than reinforced masonry.
75 x 75 x 5.0 SHS C450LO 75 2-M10, 8
Furthermore, the stiffness of the mullion is 75 x 75 x 4.0 SHS C450LO 75 2-M10, 8
considerably less than the stiffness of the
100 x 50 x 6.0 RHS C450LO 50 2-M10, 8
masonry, which will possibly experience 100 x 50 x 5.0 RHS C450LO 50 2-M10, 8
some cracking under extreme load. 100 x 50 x 4.0 RHS C450LO 50 2-M10, 8
Wall Construction 100 x 50 x 3.5 RHS C450LO 50 2-M10, 8
Steel mullions must be placed into open- 100 x 50 x 3.0 RHS C450LO 50 2-M10, 8
ended masonry units such as H or A- 100 x 50 x 2.5 RHS C450LO 50 2-M10, 8
shaped blocks, during construction of the 50 x 50 x 5.0 SHS C450LO 50 2-M10, 8
masonry or between the leaves of cavity 170 x 10 FMS 250 170 Nil
masonry. 120 x 10 FMS 250 120 Nil
90 x 10 FMS 250 90 Nil
Anchorage 70 x 10 FMS 250 70 Nil
Steel mullions must be anchored to the
supports top and bottom. The following Notes:
shear capacities assume bolts set into 1 All hollow sections are BHP Duragal.
concrete slabs. There should be provision 2 Capacities of all hollow sections are based on Grade C450LO in accordance with AS 1163.
for relative vertical movement between the All other sections are based on Grade 250 in accordance with AS 3679.
supporting structure and the masonry 3 The orientation shows the dimension of the steel section when measured through the wall.
wall/mullion combination. For square hollow sections, this value is the same as the side of the section. For rectangular
hollow sections, this value is the same as the smaller of the two sides of the section. It is
Fire Separation important to ensure that the steel section will fit into the cores of the blocks.
If required, intumescent seals may be placed 4 The end connections indicated are the ones most likely to lead to efficient design and
on top of the wall, either side of the steel construction, although other end connections can be used with each section.
spigot, to provide fire resistance. The nomenclature is as follows:
Designation Number of Anchors Anchor type Plate thickness (mm)
2-M12, 8 2 M12 Dynabolts 8
5 Blocks must be of a type and size to enable the mullions to be built into the masonry and
the cores packed with mortar.

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
 Detail D1 [1 of 6] Detail D2 [2 of 6]

Knock out block Knock out block (20.20)

75 x 75 x 5.0 SHS (20.20) or A block 125 x 75 x 5.0 RHS or A block

190
190

Block cores grout or mortar filled Block cores grout or mortar filled
varies to suit situation varies to suit situation
20 max, 5 min Spigot 20 max, 5 min Spigot
2 holes 12 diameter
2 holes 14 dia

10
10

95
95

10
10

200
200

225 x 85 x 8 PL
175 x 95 x 8 PL 50 50 6 cfw to RHS
50 50 6 cfw to SHS
225
175

75 x 75 x 5.0 SHS 125 x 75 x 5.0 RHS

Mullion base Mullion base

plate (8 PL ) plate (8 PL )

2/ M10 Dynabolts 2/ M12 Dynabolts

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/D-Steel_Mullions/D1.dxf NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/D-Steel_Mullions/D2.dxf

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
 Detail D3 [3 of 6] Detail D4 [4 of 6]

Knock out block (15.20) Knock out block (15.20)

50 x 50 x 5.0 SHS 100 x 50 x 5.0 RHS
or A block (15.49) or A block (15.49)
140

140
Block cores grout or mortar filled Block cores grout or mortar filled

varies to suit situation varies to suit situation

20 max, 5 min Spigot 20 max, 5 min Spigot
2 holes @ 12 diameter
2 holes 12 dia
10 10

10 10
70

70
200

200
150 x 70 x 8 P
L 200 x 70 x 8 PL
50 50 6 cfw to SHS 50 50 6 cfw to RHS
150 200

50 x 50 x 5.0 SHS 100 x 50 x 5.0 RHS

Mullion base Mullion base

plate (8 PL ) plate (8 PL )

2/ M10 Dynabolts 2/ M10 Dynabolts

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/D-Steel_Mullions/D3.dxf NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/D-Steel_Mullions/D4.dxf

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
 Detail D5 [5 of 6] Detail D6 [6 of 6]

150 x 50 x 5.0 RHS

100 x 50 x 5.0 RHS

110
110

50
50

150
110
110

Mullion brick tie Plasterboard

varies to suit situation varies to suit situation
2 holes 12 dia Spigot
20 max, 5 min Spigot 20 max, 5 min
2 holes 12 diameter

10 10

70

10

170
200 x 70 x 8 PL
200

50 50

200
6 cfw to RHS

10
200

150 x 170 x 8 PL
50 50 6 cfw to RHS
150

100 x 50 x 5.0 RHS 150 x 50 x 5.0 RHS

Mullion base Mullion base plate

plate (8 PL ) (8 PL )

2/ M10 Dynabolts 2/ M10 Dynabolts

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/D-Steel_Mullions/D5.dxf NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/D-Steel_Mullions/D6.dxf

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
3.3.3 Composite Masonry DETAILS OF Composite Masonry Mullions(7)
Mullions Total width, mm(6)
Inner leaf Cavity width Outer leaf Web width Intermediate
Strength and Stiffness mm(1) mm(2) mm(3) mm(4) or End(5) Wall 2700 mm high Wall 3900 mm high
When cavity walls are subject to lateral
earthquake, wind or fire load, the strength 10
1 50 110 300 I 840 1080
of the wall may be increased by tying the 110 50 110 300 E 570 690
two leaves together monolithically, using 90 50 110 300 I 840 1080
ties together with either masonry units or 90 50 110 300 E 570 690
mortar packing. This will provide stiffness as
well as strength, but is not considered to be 90 50 90 300 I 840 1080
ductile. 90 50 90 300 E 570 690
Weather Resistance Notes:
If the walls containing composite masonry 1 An inner leaf of 110-mm brickwork has been common for many years, although increasingly 90-mm is being used because of the potential savings
mullions are exposed to rainwater, provision in both cost and floor space. Concrete blocks 90 x 119 x 290 mm and 90 x 162 x 290 are available. The 119-mm heights corresponds to 1.5 courses
to prevent the transfer of moisture across of 76-mm-high brickwork, whilst 162 mm corresponds to two courses of 76-mm-high brickwork.
the cavity will need to be made. 2 These tables are based on the most common cavity width of 50 mm. Capacities may be increased by increasing the cavity width.
Details 3 An outer leaf of 110-mm brickwork is common. However, split, ribbed polished or fair-face 90-mm concrete blockwork is sometimes used to provide
The following drawings show common an attractive economical external face.
details of composite masonry mullions. 4 These tables are based on a web width of 300 mm. This can be achieved using a mortar column tied within the leaves by cavity ties. A similar result
could be achieved using masonry units bonded to form a diaphragm. In both cases, rainwater must be prevented from crossing the cavity via the
Moment and shear capacities are given in diaphragm.
Part B:Chapter 6. 5 End mullions are placed near the end of a wall and have masonry cavity walls extending on one side only. Intermediate mullions are placed within
a length of wall and have masonry cavity walls extending on both sides.
6 The calculation of the effective width of the composite mullion (ie the width of each leaf which acts compositely with a web) is six times the width
of the leaf based on AS 3700 Clause 4.5.2. For an end mullion, the effective width is the web width plus up to six times the minimum leaf width on
one side only. For an intermediate mullion, the effective width is the web width plus six times the minimum leaf width on both sides of the web
(ie up to twelve times).
7 Walls higher than the value 3.9 m used in these tables will have shear and moment resistance higher than the tabulated values.

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
 Detail E1 [1 of 1]
Cavity filled with grout or mortar
50 110
110

Wire ties
300

Cavity filled with grout or mortar

50 90
110

Wire ties
300
Cavity filled with grout or mortar
90 50 90

Composite Masonry Mullions Wire ties

Scale 1:10 300

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location:: Data/CAD/E-Masonry_Mullions/E1.dxf

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
 3.4 BOND BEAMS
Bond Beam Construction Details
Bond beams are similar in construction to The following drawings show common
lintels, except that they are within a wall details of horizontally-reinforced masonry
rather than at an opening and therefore bond beams.
do not necessarily require U-shaped lintel
Moment and shear capacities are given in
blocks. However, except where vertical
Part B:Chapter 5 and Part B:Chapter 6.
reinforcement passes up the cores and
through the bond beam from the underside,
U-shaped lintel blocks (eg 2012, 2013, 1512
or 1513 blocks) provide the most effective
means of preventing grout from filling the
whole of the wall.
A two-block-high bond beam can be
constructed using H or Double U blocks
(eg 2048, 2091, 1548 or 1591) as the top
course.
Number of Reinforcing Bars
In 190-mm blockwork, it is possible to use
either one bar, set in the centre of the wall,
or two bars, one in each face.
In 140-mm blockwork, only one horizontal
bar should be used
Care must be taken to avoid bar congestion,
particularly if the masonry also includes
vertical reinforcement.
Support of Reinforcement
Reinforcement should be positioned by
using plastic wheel-type reinforcement
spacers, galvanised wire hangers or
reinforcing ligatures as shown.

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
 Detail F1 [1 of 11] Detail F2 [2 of 11]

Notes: Notes:
Concrete blocks f'uc 15 MPa Concrete blocks f'uc 15 MPa
Mortar M3 (1:5 + methyl cellulose water thickener) Mortar M3 (1:5 + methyl cellulose water thickener)
Concrete grout N20 (minimum cement 300 kg/m 3, maximum aggregate 10 mm) Concrete grout N20 (minimum cement 300 kg/m 3, maximum aggregate 10 mm)
Reinforcement shall be held in position by Reinforcement shall be held in position by
- steel ligatures; or - steel ligatures; or
- steel hangers; or - steel hangers; or
- plastic wheel type support - plastic wheel type support

1 N16 (minimum cover, c = 20, effective depth, d = 70)

positioned on the webs of concrete blocks and held in
390 x 190 x 140
position by plastic wheel type supports
100

concrete lintel block (15.12)

390 x 190 x 140
1 N16 (minimum cover, c = 20, effective depth, d = 70)

300
concrete H block (15.48) or double U block (15.91)
held in position by plastic wheel type supports
390 x 190 x 140
concrete lintel block (15.12)

1 N16 (minimum cover, c = 20, effective depth, d = 70)

held in position by plastic wheel type supports
70

140

Reinforced Concrete Masonry Bond Beam 70

Scale 1:10
140

Reinforced Concrete Masonry Bond Beam

Scale 1:10

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/F-Bond_Beams/F1.dxf NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/F-Bond_Beams/F2.dxf

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
 Detail F3 [3 of 11] Detail F4 [4 of 11]

Notes: Notes:
Concrete blocks f'uc 15 MPa Concrete blocks f'uc 15 MPa
Mortar M3 (1:5 + methyl cellulose water thickener) Mortar M3 (1:5 + methyl cellulose water thickener)
Concrete grout N20 (minimum cement 300 kg/m 3, maximum aggregate 10 mm) Concrete grout N20 (minimum cement 300 kg/m 3, maximum aggregate 10 mm)
Reinforcement shall be held in position by Reinforcement shall be held in position by
- steel ligatures; or - steel ligatures; or
- steel hangers; or - steel hangers; or
- plastic wheel type support - plastic wheel type support

390 x 190 x 190 390 x 190 x 190

100
100

concrete lintel block (20.12) concrete lintel block (20.12)

1 N20 (minimum cover, c = 20, effective depth, d = 95) 2 N20 (minimum cover, c = 20, effective depth, d = 125)
held in position by plastic wheel type supports held in position by plastic wheel type supports

95
125
190
190

Reinforced Concrete Masonry Bond Beam Reinforced Concrete Masonry Bond Beam
Scale 1:10 Scale 1:10

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/F-Bond_Beams/F3.dxf NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/F-Bond_Beams/F4.dxf

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
 Detail F5 [5 of 11] Detail F6 [6 of 11]

Notes: Notes:
Concrete blocks f'uc 15 MPa Concrete blocks f'uc 15 MPa
Mortar M3 (1:5 + methyl cellulose water thickener) Mortar M3 (1:5 + methyl cellulose water thickener)
Concrete grout N20 (minimum cement 300 kg/m 3, maximum aggregate 10 mm) Concrete grout N20 (minimum cement 300 kg/m 3, maximum aggregate 10 mm)
Reinforcement shall be held in position by Reinforcement shall be held in position by
- steel ligatures; or - steel ligatures; or
- steel hangers; or - steel hangers; or
- plastic wheel type support - plastic wheel type support

1 N20 (minimum cover, c = 20, effective depth, d = 95) 2 N20 (minimum cover, c = 20, effective depth, d = 125)
positioned on the webs of concrete blocks and held in positioned on the webs of concrete blocks and held
position by plastic wheel type supports apart by plastic wheel type supports

390 x 190 x 190 390 x 190 x 190

concrete H block (20.48) or double U block (20.91) concrete H block (20.48) or double U block (20.91)
300

300
390 x 190 x 190 390 x 190 x 190
concrete lintel block (20.12) concrete lintel block (20.12)

1 N20 (minimum cover, c = 20, effective depth, d = 95) 2 N20 (minimum cover, c = 20, effective depth, d = 125)
held in position by plastic wheel type supports held in position by plastic wheel type supports

95 125
190 190

Reinforced Concrete Masonry Bond Beam Reinforced Concrete Masonry Bond Beam
Scale 1:10 Scale 1:10

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/F-Bond_Beams/F5.dxf NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/F-Bond_Beams/F6.dxf

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
 Detail F7 [7 of 11]

R8 hangers

300
270
302 long
100

100 dia Fastlock column spacer

clipped onto reinforcement bar

Steel Positioning Detail - Column Spacers

Scale 1:10

R8 hangers

300
270
302 long

Steel Positioning Detail - Galvanised Wire Hangers

Scale 1:10

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/F-Bond_Beams/F7.dxf

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
 Detail F8 [8 of 11] Detail F9 [9 of 11]
Core plate 20.20 block (ends removed) Core plate 20.20 block (ends removed)

20.12 lintel unit 20.12 lintel unit

Single N20 Reinforced Masonry (At Bond Beam) Single N16 Reinforced Masonry (At Bond Beam)
Scale 1:10 Scale 1:10

Core plate 20.20 block (ends removed) Core plate 20.20 block (ends removed)

20.12 lintel unit 20.12 lintel unit

2-N20 Bar Reinforced Masonry (At Bond Beam) 2-N16 Bar Reinforced Masonry (At Bond Beam)
Scale 1:10 Scale 1:10
Notes: Notes:
1. All reinforcing bars to be N20 3. Mortar to be 1 part portland 1. All reinforcing bars to be N16 3. Mortar to be 1 part portland
2. All concrete grout to be N20 cement to 5 parts clean sand, 2. All concrete grout to be N20 cement to 5 parts clean sand,
3
(minimum cement content 300 kg/m , plus 0.005 methyl cellulose water thickner 3
(minimum cement content 300 kg/m , plus 0.005 methyl cellulose water thickner
maximum aggregate size 10 mm) 4. For partially-grouted walls, maximum aggregate size 10 mm) 4. For partially-grouted walls,
use 20.01 blocks for infill use 20.01 blocks for infill

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/F-Bond_Beams/F8.dxf NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/F-Bond_Beams/F9.dxf

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
 Detail F10 [10 of 11] Detail F11 [11 of 11]

20.91 with core plates at reinforced cores

20.12 (lintel unit) elsewhere in bond beam

60

All steel 60 x 10 FMS

10
Set tee bracket in perp joint 10
6 continuous fillet weld

120
20.01 block Bracket

22 mm dia bolt hole for M20 bolt

Detail At Top Bond Beam

45
90
Diagonal Bracket For Diagonal Bracing
brace
Scale 1:5

Diagonal Brace Plan

Diagonal Brace Detail

Scale 1:10

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/F-Bond_Beams/F10.dxf NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/F-Bond_Beams/F11.dxf

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
 3.5 SHEAR WALLS AND CONNECTIONS
3.5.1 Reinforced Shear Walls
Purpose
When masonry walls are subjected to
horizontal in-plane shear forces, vertical
reinforcement placed in the cores of hollow
concrete blockwork, acting together with
horizontal reinforcement in bond beams,
confines the masonry and enhances shear
capacity. If the vertical reinforcement is
placed at 2.0 m centres or closer and the
horizontal steel at 3.0 metres centres or
closer, the masonry wall is classified as a
reinforced masonry shear wall.
Details
Reinforced masonry shear walls are a
combination of bond beams and vertically-
reinforced masonry. All reinforcement must
be correctly anchored to ensure that the
wall remains intact when being subjected
to in-plane shear. At corners of the wall and
at openings, vertical reinforcement should
be lapped with starter bars at the base and
cogged into the bond beams and thus
lapped with the bond beam reinforcement
at the top (see Clause 3.5.2).
For information on capacities of reinforced
shear walls, see Part B:Chapter 6.

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
 Detail G1 [1 of 3]

Notes: 1 N16 (minimum cover, c = 20, effective depth, d = 70)

Concrete blocks f'uc 15 MPa tied to starter bars at the base of the wall and held
Mortar M3 (1:5 + methyl cellulose water thickener) in position at the top by plastic wheel type spacers
Concrete grout N20 (minimum cement 300 kg/m3, maximum aggregate 10 mm) fixed after grouting, but while grout is still fluid
Reinforcement shall be held in position by
- steel ligatures; or
- steel hangers; or 1 N16 (70 long and 110 OD hook)
- plastic wheel type support hooked around vertical bar and angled to
fit inside blockwork (held in position by
plastic wheel type supports and lapped
700 mm with similar bar in the other end of wall)*

70
1 N16

140
390 x 190 x 140
100

concrete lintel block (15.12)

190 x 190 x 140 concrete 390 x 190 x 140 concrete
lintel block (15.93) on end lintel block (15.12)
1 N16 (cover, c = 15)*

390 x 190 x 140 concrete block (15.01) throughout the

remainder of wall. Block at the base of each grout
pour to incorporate clean-out opening.
Pin 5 db
110

* Cores below horizontal reinforcement

must be grouted BEFORE the horizontal
70 reinforcement is positioned.
140 70

Standard Hook For N16

140 mm Reinforced Concrete Masonry Shear Wall With 1-N16 Per End Core
Scale 1:10

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/G-Shear_Walls/G1.dxf

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
 Detail G2 [2 of 3]

Notes: 1 N20 (minimum cover, c = 20, effective depth, d = 95)

Concrete blocks f'uc 15 MPa tied to starter bars at the base of the wall and held
Mortar M3 (1:5 + methyl cellulose water thickener) in position at the top by plastic wheel type spacers
Concrete grout N20 (minimum cement 300 kg/m3, maximum aggregate 10 mm) fixed after grouting, but while grout is still fluid
Reinforcement shall be held in position by
- steel ligatures; or
- steel hangers; or 1 N16 (70 long and 110 OD hook)
- plastic wheel type support hooked around vertical bar and angled to
fit inside blockwork (held in position by
plastic wheel type supports and lapped
700 mm with similar bar in the other end of wall)*

1 N20

95
190
390 x 190 x 190
100

concrete lintel block (20.12)

1 N16 (cover, c = 20)* 390 x 190 x 190 concrete

190 x 190 x 190 concrete
lintel block (20.93) on end lintel block (20.12)

390 x 190 x 190 concrete block (20.01) throughout the

remainder of wall. Block at the base of each grout
pour to incorporate clean-out opening.
Pin 5 db
110

95 * Cores below horizontal reinforcement

190 must be grouted BEFORE the horizontal
reinforcement is positioned.
70

Standard Hook For N16

190 mm Reinforced Concrete Masonry Shear Wall With 1-N20 Per End Core
Scale 1:10

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/G-Shear_Walls/G2.dxf

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
 Detail G3 [3 of 3]

Notes: 2 N20 (minimum cover, c = 20, effective Depth, d = 95)

Concrete blocks f'uc 15 MPa tied to starter bars at the base of the wall and held
Mortar M3 (1:5 + methyl cellulose water thickener) in position at the top by plastic wheel type spacers
Concrete grout N20 (minimum cement 300 kg/m3, maximum aggregate 10 mm) fixed after grouting, but while grout is still fluid
Reinforcement shall be held in position by
- steel ligatures; or
- steel hangers; or 1 N16 (70 long and 110 OD hook)
- plastic wheel type support hooked around vertical bar and angled to
fit inside blockwork (held in position by
plastic wheel type supports and lapped
700 mm with similar bar in the other end of wall)*

2 N20

95
190
390 x 190 x 190
100

concrete lintel block (20.12)

1 N16 (cover, c = 20)* 390 x 190 x 190 concrete

190 x 190 x 190 concrete
lintel block (20.93) on end lintel block (20.12)

390 x 190 x 190 concrete block (20.01) throughout the

remainder of wall. Block at the base of each grout
pour to incorporate clean-out opening.
Pin 5 db
110

95 * Cores below horizontal reinforcement

must be grouted BEFORE the horizontal
190 reinforcement is positioned.
70

Standard Hook For N16

190 mm Reinforced Concrete Masonry Shear Wall With 2-N20 Per End Core
Scale 1:10

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/G-Shear_Walls/G3.dxf

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
3.5.2 Anchorage At The
Masonry/Concrete
Interface
The purpose is to provide sufficient shear
resistance and anchorage at the top and
bottom of a masonry wall to:
transfer shear to and from shear walls,
provide vertical anchorage against
overturning of shear walls, and
provide shear resistance to out-of-plane
lateral loads.
Most commercially-available head ties
do not have sufficient shear resistance to
support large wall panels subject to the
out-of-plane and in-plane horizontal loads
experienced in earthquakes.
If enhanced shear capacity is required, the
masonry must be positively tied to the
supporting slabs by grouted starter-bars
or similar methods shown in the following
details.
For information on capacities of the details,
see Part B:Chapter 6.

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
 Detail H1 [1 of 3] Detail H2 [2 of 3]

200 200 240 240

50
50
50

50
450

450
N12 N12 N16 N16

700

700
190 190
140 140

N12 Reinforced Starter Bars N16 Reinforced Starter Bars

Scale 1:20 Scale 1:20

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/H-Starter_Bars/H1.dxf NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/H-Starter_Bars/H2.dxf

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
 Detail H3 [3 of 3]

290 290

50
50

N20 N20
1000

1000

140 190

N20 Reinforced Starter Bars

Scale 1:20

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/H-Starter_Bars/H3.dxf

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
 3.6 CONTROL JOINTS
The strategic placement of control joints Details
will limit the position and width of cracks. The following details cover a variety of these
Control joints should be detailed so as to types of control joints.
maintain resistance to moisture penetration,
fire, heat and sound.
Contraction joints are opening joints to
cater for shrinkage of the wall. In a wall
exposed to the weather, contraction joints
must be weather-proof with a flexible
sealant at the surface. They may also be
filled with a compressible material if required
to serve also as expansion joints (for thermal
movement) or as articulation joints (for
footing or support movement).
Expansion joints are closing joints. They
are usually built into clay masonry to cater
for brick growth and find application in
concrete masonry only when there is the
possibility of high thermal movement.
Expansion joints incorporate a compressible
material of sufficient thickness to cater for
the expansion in the walls adjacent to the
joint.
Articulation joints are both opening and
closing joints that cater for movement
of the footings or supports. The strategic
positioning of articulation joints at points
of weakness (such as door or window
openings) will minimise cracking as
the supports move due to foundation
movement and similar actions. In some
cases, contraction and expansion joints will
function as articulation joints.

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
 Detail J1 [1 of 13] Detail J2 [2 of 13]

Control joint to top of window frame Window / door opening

Control joint through sill course

Sill course

Lintel

Window / door opening

Control Joints at Lintels Control Joints at Windows

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/J-Control_Joints/J1.dxf NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/J-Control_Joints/J2.dxf

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
 Detail J3 [3 of 13] Detail J4 [4 of 13]

Window / door opening

Control joint (not through lintel)

Control joint through sill unit

Sill units

Reinforced lintel

Window / door opening

Control joints

Control Joints at Lintels Control Joints at Windows

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/J-Control_Joints/J3.dxf NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/J-Control_Joints/J4.dxf

PART C:CHAPTER 3
Detailing QUIT
 Detail J5 [5 of 13] Detail J6 [6 of 13]

Control joint through bond beam

20 mm dia dowel with
Control joint terminates bond-breaker and
Reinforced bond beam Reinforced bond beam
at bond beam plastic cap one end

Control joint Control joint

Control Joints Terminating at Bond Beams

20 dia dowel with
Bitumen impregnated bond-breaker and
filler board plastic cap one end

Sealant
Section

Control Joints Through Bond Beams

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/J-Control_Joints/J5.dxf NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/J-Control_Joints/J6.dxf

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 Detail J7 [7 of 13]
Compressible foam
joint filler Articulation joint tie

Sealant

joint filler Articulation joint tie

Sealant

Articulation Joints Articulation joint tie

Scale 1:10

Sealant

Articulation Joint Ties

Scale 1:10

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/J-Control_Joints/J7.dxf

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 Detail J8 [8 of 13] Detail J9 [9 of 13]

NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/J-Control_Joints/J8.eps NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/J-Control_Joints/J9.eps

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 Detail J10 [10 of 13] Detail J11 [11 of 13]

NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/J-Control_Joints/J10.eps NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/J-Control_Joints/J11.eps

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 Detail J12 [12 of 13] Detail J13 [13 of 13]

NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/J-Control_Joints/J12.eps NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/J-Control_Joints/J13.eps

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 3.7 THERMAL PERFORMANCE
Masonry's resistance to the passage of heat
(thermal insulation) and the resistance to
gain or loss of heat (thermal mass) form
the basis for maximising thermal efficiency
in buildings with concrete masonry
superstructures.
The following details show typical wall
sections which correspond with the walls
used in the thermal resistance data given in
Part B:Chapter 9.

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 Detail K1 [1 of 15] Detail K2 [2 of 15]

90 90 10 75 50 90 10 75 50 90

Insulation inside
masonry cores
Insulation inside
masonry cores

Uninsulated Insulated
Uninsulated Insulated

90-mm Concrete Masonry Single-Leaf Wall 90-mm Concrete Masonry Veneer Wall
Scale 1 : 10 Scale 1 : 10

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/K-Thermal/K1.dxf NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/K-Thermal/K2.dxf

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 Detail K3 [3 of 15] Detail K4 [4 of 15]

10 100 50 90 10 100 50 90 90 50 90 90 50 90

Insulation inside
masonry cores
Insulation inside
masonry cores
Face-fixed tie Face-fixed tie

Uninsulated Insulated
Uninsulated Insulated
90-mm Concrete Masonry Veneer Wall with Reflective Foil
Insulation on Frame, 100-mm Airspace and 50-mm Cavity 90/50/90-mm Concrete Masonry Cavity Wall
Scale 1 : 10 Scale 1 : 10

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/K-Thermal/K3.dxf NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/K-Thermal/K4.dxf

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 Detail K5 [5 of 15] Detail K6 [6 of 15]

90 50 110 90 50 110 110 110

Insulation inside
masonry cores
Insulation inside
masonry cores

Uninsulated Insulated Uninsulated Insulated

110/50/90-mm Concrete Masonry Cavity Wall 110-mm Concrete Masonry Single-Leaf Wall
Scale 1 : 10 Scale 1 : 10

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/K-Thermal/K5.dxf NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/K-Thermal/K6.dxf

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 Detail K7 [7 of 15] Detail K8 [8 of 15]

10 75 50 110 10 75 50 110 10 100 50 110 10 100 50 110

Insulation inside Insulation inside

masonry cores masonry cores

Face-fixed tie Face-fixed tie

Uninsulated Insulated
Uninsulated Insulated

110-mm Concrete Masonry Veneer Wall 110-mm Concrete Masonry Veneer Wall with Reflective Foil
Scale 1 : 10 Insullation on Frame and 100-mm Airspace
Scale 1 : 10

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/K-Thermal/K7.dxf NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/K-Thermal/K8.dxf

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 Detail K9 [9 of 15] Detail K10 [10 of 15]

110 50 110 110 50 110 140 140

Insulation inside
Insulation inside masonry cores
masonry cores

Uninsulated Insulated Uninsulated Insulated

110/50/110-mm Concrete Masonry Cavity Wall 140-mm Concrete Masonry Single-Leaf Wall
Scale 1 : 10 Scale 1 : 10

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/K-Thermal/K9.dxf NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/K-Thermal/K10.dxf

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 Detail K11 [11 of 15] Detail K12 [12 of 15]

10 75 50 140 10 75 50 140 10 100 50 140 10 100 50 140

Insulation inside
Insulation inside masonry cores
masonry cores
Face-fixed tie Face-fixed tie

Uninsulated Insulated
Uninsulated Insulated
140-mm Concrete Masonry Veneer Wall 140-mm Concrete Masonry Veneer Wall with Reflective Foil
Scale 1 : 10 Insullation on Frame and 100-mm Airspace
Scale 1 : 10

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/K-Thermal/K11.dxf NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/K-Thermal/K12.dxf

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 Detail K13 [13 of 15] Detail K14 [14 of 15]

190 190
10 75 50 190 10 75 50 190

Insulation inside Insulation inside

masonry cores masonry cores

Uninsulated Insulated Uninsulated Insulated

190-mm Concrete Masonry Single-Leaf Wall 190-mm Concrete Masonry Veneer Wall
Scale 1 : 10 Scale 1 : 10

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/K-Thermal/K13.dxf NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/K-Thermal/K14.dxf

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 Detail K15 [15 of 15]

10 100 50 190 10 100 50 190

Insulation inside
masonry cores

Face-fixed tie Face-fixed tie

Uninsulated Insulated

190-mm Concrete Masonry Veneer Wall with Reflective Foil

Insullation on Frame and 100-mm Airspace
Scale 1 : 10

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/K-Thermal/K15.dxf

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 3.8 ANCILLARY DETAILS
Typical details are given for various
components commonly incorporated into
concrete masonry buildings. These include
the following:
n Ties
n Slip joints
n Window frames in different materials
n Footings
n Corner details for various block
combinations
n Intersection details for various block
combinations
n Engaged piers
n Built-in columns
n Flexible wall-to-column connections
n Installation of services.
NOTE: Use Chapter Contents button below
to access individual details.

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 Detail L1 [1 of 44] Detail L2 [2 of 44]

250

260
110 50 90

110 50 90 10

Brick veneer ties set 50 mm into

Cavity ties set 50mm into
brickwork and fixed to timber stud
masonry at 600 crs (horizontal)
with one nail. Tie must slope upwards
and at 516 crs (vertical). Tie
5 mm (+5,-3) to prevent moisture
must slope upwards 5 mm (+5,-3)
transfer into the building.
to inner leaf to prevent moisture
Max. slope 10 mm, min slope 2 mm.
transfer into the building.
Outer Max slope 10 mm, min slope 2 mm
leaf

Veneer Ties Cavity Block Ties

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L1.dxf NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L2.dxf

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 Detail L3 [3 of 44]

Concrete slab

2 layers of slip material

DPC material

Concrete slab

Slip Joint Detail

Scale 1:10

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L3.dxf

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 Detail L4 [4 of 44]
6
Flashing
Packing
Weep holes
Lintel

15 min
15 min

450 eaves
Caulking

Sealant

Timber Window Frame Detail Timber Window Frame Detail Timber Window Frame Detail At Jamb
At Head (Wall Above) - Brick Veneer At Head (Eaves) - Brick Veneer Brick Veneer

Frame sill
Timber sill

12 min
6 min

Caulking
Packing
Brick sill course
Flashing

Weep holes

Timber Window Frame Detail At Sill

Brick Veneer

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L4.dxf

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 Detail L5 [5 of 44]
Flashing

Weep holes
Lintel Brick ties from window
Lintels
450 eaves frame @ 344 crs
8

8
Caulking

Sealant

Timber Window Frame Detail Timber Window Frame Detail Timber Window Frame Detail At Jamb
At Head (Wall Above) - Cavity Brick At Head (Eaves) - Cavity Brick Cavity Brick

Masonry screw
Frame sill

Timber sill

Caulking
Packing
Brick sill course
Flashing

Weep holes

Timber Window Frame Detail At Sill

Cavity Brick

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L5.dxf

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 Detail L6 [6 of 44]
6
Flashing
Packing
Weep holes
Lintel
15 min

15 min
8 min
450 eaves

Caulking
Caulking

Aluminium Window Frame Detail Aluminium Window Frame Detail Aluminium Window Frame Detail At Jamb
At Head (Wall Above) - Brick Veneer At Head (Eaves) - Brick Veneer Brick Veneer

Aluminium window frame

Sill flap
Timber reveal

12 min
6 min

Packing
Brick sill course
Flashing

Weep holes

Aluminium Window Frame Detail At Sill

Brick Veneer

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, on the CD-ROM in: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L6.dxf

PART C:CHAPTER 3
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 Detail L7 [7 of 44]
6
Flashing

Cut brick Weep holes

Lintel Brick ties from window
8 min

Lintels

8 min
450 eaves frame @ 344 crs

Caulking

Aluminium Window Frame Detail Aluminium Window Frame Detail Aluminum Window Frame Detail At Jamb
At Head (Wall Above) - Cavity Brick At Head (Eaves) - Cavity Brick Cavity Brick

Aluminium window frame

Masonry screw
Sill flap
Timber reveal

12 min
6

Packing
Brick sill course
Flashing

Weep holes

Aluminium Window Frame Detail At Sill

Cavity Brick

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L7.dxf

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 Detail L8 [8 of 44]

Masonry anchor
External coating applied
Reinforced before window is fitted
concrete lintel
Aluminium window frame
Masonry anchor Reinforced
Sealant concrete blockwork
both sides
Aluminium window frame Sealant
both sides
External coating applied
before window is fitted

Aluminium Window Frame Detail Aluminium Window Frame Detail

At Head - Single Leaf Reinforced Masonry At Jamb - Reinforced Concrete Masonry

Aluminium window frame Aluminium

Sealant window frame
both sides Sill flap
External coating applied Internal
Masonry before window is fitted sill Sealant
anchor
Sill tile fixed
Sill unit to blockwork
at 15 o

Aluminium Window Frame Detail Aluminium Window Frame Detail

At Sill - Reinforced Concrete Masonry At Sill - Reinforced Concrete Masonry

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L8.dxf

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 Detail L9 [9 of 44]

Termite barrier mesh parged

to surface of slab. Mesh trimmed
around reinforcement and folded Starter bar
up into grouted core.
100

2020 block with webs

190

and inside face knocked out

Underlay membrane

Footing
300

300

Detail at Footing
Scale 1:10

NOTE: This detail is available, in DXF format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L9.dxf

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 Detail L10 [10 of 44] Detail L11 [11 of 44]

NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L10.eps NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L11.eps

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 Detail L12 [12 of 44] Detail L13 [13 of 44]

NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L12.eps NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L13.eps

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 Detail L14 [14 of 44]

NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L14.eps

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 Detail L15 [15 of 44] Detail L16 [16 of 44]

NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L15.eps NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L16.eps

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 Detail L17 [17 of 44] Detail L18 [18 of 44]

NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L17.eps NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L18.eps

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 Detail L19 [19 of 44]

NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L19.eps

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 Detail L20 [20 of 44]

NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L20.eps

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 Detail L21 [21 of 44] Detail L22 [22 of 44]

NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L21.eps NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L22.eps

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 Detail L23 [23 of 44] Detail L24 [24 of 44]

NOTES:
To prevent the formation of
cracks, the length of the
intersecting wall should be
limited to a maximum of 1.2 m.
This can be done by means
either of a control joint or an
opening, such as a full-height
door or other opening.
Detail L23, is recommended
only in cases where the
appearance of headers in
alternate courses in the
intersected wall is acceptable.

NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L23.eps NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L24.eps

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 Detail L25 [25 of 44] Detail L26 [26 of 44]

NOTES:
To prevent the formation of
cracks, the length of the
intersecting wall should be
limited to a maximum of 1.2 m.
This can be done by means
either of a control joint or an
opening, such as a full-height
door or other opening.

NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L25.eps NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L26.eps

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 Detail L27 [27 of 44] Detail L28 [28 of 44]

NOTES:
To prevent the formation of
cracks, the length of the
intersecting wall should be
limited to a maximum of 1.2 m.
This can be done by means
either of a control joint or an
opening, such as a full-height
door or other opening.

NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L27.eps NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L28.eps

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 Detail L29 [29 of 44] Detail L30 [30 of 44]

NOTES:
To prevent the formation of
cracks, the length of the
intersecting wall should be
limited to a maximum of 1.2 m.
This can be done by means
either of a control joint or an
opening, such as a full-height
door or other opening.

NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L29.eps NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L30.eps

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 Detail L31 [31 of 44] Detail L32 [32 of 44]

NOTES:
To prevent the formation of
cracks, the length of the
intersecting wall should be
limited to a maximum of 1.2 m.
This can be done by means
either of a control joint or an
opening, such as a full-height
door or other opening.

NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L31.eps NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L32.eps

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 Detail L33 [33 of 44] Detail L34 [34 of 44]

NOTES:
To To prevent the formation of
cracks, the length of the intersecting
wall should be limited to a
maximum of 1.2 m. This can be done
by means either of a control joint or
an opening, such as a full-height
door or other opening.
Detail L33 is recommended, in
preference to bonding, for
loadbearing wall intersections, in
walls of all thicknesses.
Detail L34 is recommended, in
preference to bonding, for
non-loadbearing wall intersections,
in walls of all thicknesses.
Each detail produces a stronger joint
capable of accommodating a degree
of dierential movement, does not
break bond on the intersected wall
and avoids complex solutions
involving small units.

NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L33.eps NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L34.eps

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 Detail L35 [35 of 44] Detail L36 [36 of 44]

NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L35.eps NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L36.eps

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 Detail L37 [37 of 44]

NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L37.eps

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 Detail L38 [38 of 44] Detail L39 [39 of 44]

NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L38.eps NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L39.eps

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 Detail L40 [40 of 44] Detail L41 [41 of 44]

NOTES:
The design of columns, which
may include the use of steel
reinforcement and grout, should
be undertaken by a qualied and
experienced person.

NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L40.eps NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L41.eps

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 Detail L42 [42 of 44] Detail L41

NOTES:
The design of columns, which may include the use of steel
reinforcement and grout, should be undertaken by a
qualied and experienced person.

NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L42.eps

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 Detail L43 [43 of 44] Detail L41

NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L43.eps

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 Detail L44 [44 of 44] Detail L41

Notes:
The cutting of chases in hollow concrete block walls
should be avoided. Cut chases weaken walls and do not
permit the use of fair-face nishes.
Wherever possible, services should be located in the cores
of hollow block walls as suggested in Detail L44.
Although electrical services only have been illustrated,
similar principles may be applied to other services
capable of tting within the cores.
To make this technique work, careful planning and
co-ordination is needed during the design and
construction stages.

NOTE: This detail is available, in EPS format, in the location: Data/CAD/L-Ancillary/L44.eps

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