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Block Diagram of Four Quadrant Chopper: Power Supply Pot

This block diagram shows a four quadrant chopper used to control the speed of a high power DC motor. It uses pulse width modulation where the width of square wave pulses is reduced or increased to control the rectifier switching on and off without affecting torque or load capacity. It has three pulse generators that generate variable timing pulses. A synchronizing pulse generator creates square waves. A sawtooth pulse generator shapes the pulses. A duty cycle control circuit varies the pulse width based on a potentiometer voltage. The outputs are combined and driven to an SCR bridge that controls motor speed.

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Nikhil Dixit
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184 views

Block Diagram of Four Quadrant Chopper: Power Supply Pot

This block diagram shows a four quadrant chopper used to control the speed of a high power DC motor. It uses pulse width modulation where the width of square wave pulses is reduced or increased to control the rectifier switching on and off without affecting torque or load capacity. It has three pulse generators that generate variable timing pulses. A synchronizing pulse generator creates square waves. A sawtooth pulse generator shapes the pulses. A duty cycle control circuit varies the pulse width based on a potentiometer voltage. The outputs are combined and driven to an SCR bridge that controls motor speed.

Uploaded by

Nikhil Dixit
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Block Diagram of FOUR QUADRANT CHOPPER

Power
Supply Pot

Synchronizing Saw tooth Duty


Pulse Pulse Cycle Multiplier
Generator Generator Control Circuit

Driver
Circuit
High
Frequency
Pulse
Generator Pulse
Transformer
GND Gate1 Gate2
K1 , K2

A1 & A2 (MOTOR ) supply


Introduction
To control the speed of high power dc motor a special type of driver is
used in which the pulse width modulation is used. the speed controlling is
done in term of switching the rectifier on and off with out effecting the
torque and load carrying capacity of the motor. A pulse width modulation
is used in which the square wave pulse is width is reduced or increased
accordingly.
The motor is connected to a controlled rectifier network in which the ac is
converted in controlled manner so as to apply to motor.
This drive gives smooth and linear speed controlling
The electric motor Is a machine which convert electrical energy into
mechanical energy over a complete span of speed
The DC motor
.there are different type of the motor & the DC Motor is one of them this
motor has permanent magnet to develop the field magnetic field strength
to decrease the energy requirement a armature is placed in between this
permanent magnets. Armatures consist of number of coil placed opposite
to each other. The main heart of this motor is commutator a special type
of part which is provided to supply electric current to coil, according to
changing the magnetic poles to rotate in continuous motion. The supply
to commutator through the brush assembly.

Principle of working dc motor

We know that when ever a current


carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic field it experience a
mechanical force. the action of the every motor is based on this principle.
it has a suitable mechanical arrangement to utilize this force in producing
I motion of the conductor.

Block Diagram Explanation :-

As shown in block diagram there are three pulse generators which are
used to generate variable pulse timing. This SCR drive uses the Pulse
Width Modulation for speed controlling. This is modulation of switching
pulse as per power to be delivered through scr conduction.
Synchronizing pulse generator- generates pulses of square wave with
constant frequency and amplitude which is incorporated with the op-amp
oscillator.
Saw tooth pulse generator this section converts synchronizing pulses
into saw tooth format with the help of wave shaping circuit.
Duty cycle control-this is the control circuit which controls duty cycle
according to applied signal voltage level through pot .according to this
voltage level the applied pulse are varied with the saw tooth pulse
comparison the resulting output is applied to multiplier circuit.
Multiplier circuit this is logical gate circuit stage which consists of
anding of high frequency pulses with voltage controlled variable duty
cycle pulse. The output of this stage will be high frequency pulses with
controlled duty cycle so this output will be complete pulse width
modulation.
Driver circuit-this stage consist of transistorized power driver stage to
drive the pulse transformer to trigger the SCR by applying gate pulses at
the gate of scr1&scr2.
The only positive gate pulses will be applied to SCR bride through half
wave positive rectification. These pulses are applied with respect to
cathode of each SCR.
pulses are in spike form.

High frequency pulse generator this is another oscillator which


oscillates at high frequency. This oscillators output is square wave
&frequency of in kilohertz ranges. this circuitry is build around precision
frequency oscillator integrated chip.
SCR Bridge this is fully controlled SCR e bridge.
Where as shown contents four thyristors in bridge configuration. the
output will be applied to armature of the motor. The thyristors are
protected by snubber circuit.

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