CAMARINES SUR POLYTECHNIC COLLEGES Nabua

College of Engineering Technology Name: Sarza, John Aries A. Score: ____________

Differential Calculus Instructor: Engr. Radmar B. Taamor Year/Course: BSCE-2B

1. Find the Equations of the Tangent & Normal @ point indicated.

a) y= 3x2 -2x +1 @ (1,2)

Solution:

To find the pt of the vertex of the curve; 10

42
V( , ) 9
2 4
(2) 4(3)(1)(2)2
V( 2(3)
, 4(3)
) 8
1 2
V( , ) 7 4x+y=2
3 3
2
In general form y=a(x-h) +k
1 2 6
y=3(x--3) 2 + 3 y=3x-2x+1
5
Thus, focus is at
4af =3 4
af =
3 x+4y=9
Focus is at (1/3, 17/12)
Length of Latus Rectum is 2
LR=4af =3
1 p(1,2)
10
0
9 -4 -2 0 2 4
-1
8
-2
7

4 b) x2-6x+2y-8=0 @ x=3
3 y= 3x -2x Solution:
F(1/3, 17/12) +1
2

y= +3x+4 @ x=3
1

0 V(1/3,2/3) To find pt of the vertex of the curve;

-4 -2 0 2 4 42
-1 V ( 2 , 4
)
1
(3) 4( )(4)(3)2
-2 2
V( 1 , 1 )
2( ) 4( )
2 2
17
V(3, 2
)
Finding the Derivative (Use power-rule)
In general form y=a(x-h) 2 +k
y=6x-2=6(1)-2=4 1 17
y=m=4 y= 2 (x-3) 2 + 2
Eq. of Tangent of the point (1, 2) Thus, focus is at
y-y1=m(x-x1) 4af =12
y-2=4(x-1) af = 18
4x-y=2 ------=> eq. of tangent
Focus is at (3, 67/8)
Eq. of Normal of the point (1, 2)
1
Length of Latus Rectum is
y-y1= (x-x1) LR=4af =1/2

1
y-2= (x-1)
4
x+4y=9 ------=> eq. of normal
 10 c) x2+y2 -6x+2y=0 @ (0,0)

9 V(3,17/2) Solution:
a
F(1/3, 17/12) 8 The Curve is a circle since it is in a form of
7
Ax2+By2+Dx+Ex+F=0 (general equation).
4a
Center-radius form:
6 (x-3)2+(y+1)2=9+1
5 (x-3)2+(y+1)2=10
Center @ (3,-1)
4
x=3 Radius=10
3 3

2 2
1
y=-x/2 +3x +4
1
0
0
-4 -2 0 2 4 6
-1 -2.00 0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00
-1
-2 C(3,-1)
-2

Finding the Derivative (Use power-rule) -3

y=-x+3= - (3) +3=0
-4
y=m=0 x2+y2 -6x+2y=0
Eq. of Tangent of the point (1, 2) -5
y-y1=m(x-x1) Finding the Derivative (Use power-rule by implicit
17 differentiation)
y- 2 =0(x-3)
17 2x+2yy-6+2y=0
y- =0
2 y (2y+2) =6-2x
17
y = 2 ------=> eq. of tangent 62 3 30
y=2+2 = +1 =0+1 =3
Eq. of Normal of the point (1, 2) y=m=3
1
y-y1= (x-x1) Eq. of Tangent of the point (0, 0)
17 1 y-y1=m(x-x1)
y- 2 = 0 (x-3)
17 1 y-0=3(x-0)
y- = (x-3)
2 0 y=3x------=> eq. of tangent
0= (x-3) Eq. of Normal of the point (0, 0)
x=3------=> eq. of normal 1
y-y1= (x-x1)
10 1
y-0= 3 (x-0)
Tangent 9 V(3,17/2) 1
y= 3 x
8 3y=-x
7 x+3y=0------=> eq. of normal

y=17/2 3
y=3x x2+y2 -6x+2y=0
6
2
5
1
4
0
3 x=3 -2.00 0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00
-1
2
-2 x+3y=0
1
y=-x/2 +3x +4
-3
0
-4
-4 -2 0 2 4 6
-1
Normal

-5
-2
CAMARINES SUR POLYTECHNIC COLLEGES Nabua
College of Engineering Technology Name: Sarza, John Aries A. Score: ____________
Differential Calculus Instructor: Engr. Radmar B. Taamor Year/Course: BSCE-2B

d) y= x2-2x @ its point of intersection with the y-3=4(x-3)

line y=3 4x-y=9------=> eq. of tangent 2
Eq. of Normal of the points (-1, 3) and (3, 3)
Solution: 1
y-y1= (x-x1)
1
To find the pt of the vertex of the curve; 1
y-3=4(x+1)
42
V ( 2 , 4
) X-4y=-13 ------=> eq. of normal 1
(2) 4(1)(0)(2)2 1
V( , ) y-y2= (x-x2)
2(1) 4(1) 2
1
V ( 1 , 1 ) y-3= 4 (x-3)
In general form y=a(x-h) 2 +k x+4y=15 ------=> eq. of normal 2
y=(x--1) 2 -1
Thus, focus is at
8
4af =1
af =1/4 7 y= x -2x
Focus is at (1, -3/4)
x+4y=15
Length of Latus Rectum is 6
LR=4af =1
5
8
4
7
3
6
y= 3 4x+y=-1
2
5

1
4 x-4y=-13 4x-y=9
0
3
y= x -2x -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6
2 -1

1 -2
F(1, -3/4)
0
e) y= x3-7x+6 @ its point of intersection with
-4 -2 0 2 4 6
the x-axis
-1
V(1,-1) Solution:
-2
Finding the Critical point of the curve
Point of intersection is at: y=3x2 -7=0
3=x2-2x 7
x=3 = 1.53
X2-2x-3=0
(x-3)(x+1)=0 then,
x=-1, 3 y1= (1.53)3-7(1.53) +6 =-1.13
Thus, (-1, 3), (3, 3) y2= (-1.53)3-7(-1.53) +6 =13.13
Finding the Derivative (Use power-rule) thus,
y1=2x-2=2(-1)-2=-4 m1 (1.53,-1.13) and (-1.53, 13.13)
y2=2(3)-2=4 m2 At x-axis, the value of y=0
Eq. of Tangent of the points (-1, 3) and (3, 3) 0= x3-7x+6
y-y1=m1(x-x1) (x-1)(x-2)(x+3)=0
y-3=-4(x+1) x=-3, 1, 2
4x+y=-1------=> eq. of tangent 1
y-y2=m2(x-x2)
thus, the points of intersection of the curve and 4y=x-1
x-axis is at (-3, 0), (1, 0) and (2, 0) x-4y=1 --------=> eq. of normal 2
1
y-y3= (x-x3)
3
15 1
(-1.53,13.13) 14 y-0= (x-2)
5
13 5y=-x+2
12
11 x+5y=2 ------=> eq. of normal 3
10 y= x3-7x+6
9
8
7
6
5
4 15
3
2 14
1 x-axis
0 13
-4 -2 -1 0 2 4 12
-2
(1.53,-1.13)
y= x3-7x+6
-3 11
-4
-5 10
-6 (2,0) 9
-7 (1,0)
(-3,0)
-8 20x-y=-60 8
-9
-10 7
-11 6 5x-y=10
-12
-13 5
-14
4
x+5y=2 3
Finding the Derivative (Use power-rule) 2 x-4y=1
y1=3x2-7=3(-3)2-7=20 m1 1
y2=3(1)2-7=-4 m2 0
2
y3=3(2) -7=5 m3 -6 -4 -2 -1 0 2 4 6
Eq. of Tangents of the points (-3, 0), (1, 0), (2, 0) -2
y-y1=m1(x-x1) -3
y-0=20(x+3) -4
y=20x+60 -5
20x-y=-60------=> eq. of tangent 1 -6
x+20y=-3
y-y2=m2(x-x2) -7
y-0=-4(x-1) -8 4x+y=4
y=-4x+4) -9
4x+y=4---------=> eq. of tangent 2 -10
y-y3=m3(x-x3) -11
y-0=5(x-2) -12
y=5x-10 -13
5x-y=10--------=> eq. of tangent 3 -14

Eq. of Normal of the points (-3, 0), (1, 0) and (2, 0)

1
y-y1= (x-x1)
1
1
y-0= 20 (x+3)
20y=- (x+3)
x+20y=-3 ------=> eq. of normal 1
1
y-y2= (x-x2)
2
1
y-0= (x-1)
4
CAMARINES SUR POLYTECHNIC COLLEGES Nabua
College of Engineering Technology Name: Sarza, John Aries A. Score: ____________
Differential Calculus Instructor: Engr. Radmar B. Taamor Year/Course: BSCE-2B

2. Find the tangent line as directed

a. To the ellipse x2+4y2=8 parallel to the line
x+2y=6 y=-1/2 --------=>m2
Solution: Since m1=m2
For the General Form; 1
4
= 2
2 4 2
8
+ 8 =1 x=2y
2
2
From the x2+4y2=8
8 2
+ =1
(2y)2+4y2=8
Where; a2=8 and b2=2
4y2+4y2=8
Thus, a=22 or 2.83
8y2=8
b=2 or 1.41 y=1
Center (0, 0) Then x=2y=2
Vertex: V1 (-2.83, 0) andV2 (2.83, 0) 2 1
m1= = =
To find c 4 4 2
2 1
a2=b2+c2 m2= = =
4 4 2
c=2 2 Equation of the tangent 1 @ a point (2, 1)
c=(2.83)2 (1.41)2 y-y1=m(x-x1)
1
c=2.45 y-1= (x-2)
2
Focus is @...
2y-2=-x+2
F1(-2.45, 0) and F2 (2.45, 0)
x+2y=4 ------=> eq. of tangent 1
Determining the slope of curve x2+4y2=8
at a given point. Equation of the tangent2 @ a point (-2,-1)
2x+8yy=0 y-y1=m(x-x1)
1
y=-x/4y ------=> m1 y+1= 2 (x+2)
Determining the slope of line x+2y=6 2y+2=-x-2
1+2y=0 x+2y=-4 ------=> eq. of tangent 1
2

(0, 1.41) x+2y=6

1
V1 (-2.83, 0)
V2 (2.83, 0)

0
-4 -3 -2 -1 C(0,0)0 1 2 3 4
F(-2.45, 0)
F(2.45, 0)
-1

x2+4y2=8
(0, -1.41)
-2

2
x+2y=6

1
p(2,1)

0
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4

p(-2,-1) -1
x+2y=4
x+2y=-4
-2
b. To the parabola y2=6x-3 perpendicular to the line
6
x+3y =7
3x-y=1
Solution: 5
In a form of (y-k)2=4a(x-h)
4
y2=3(2x-1)
Where; h=1/2 and k=0 3 x+3y=7
Vertex (1/2,0)
Thus, focus is at 2
4af =3 1
af =
Focus is at (5/4, 0) 0
Length of Latus Rectum is 0 2 4 6 8
-1
LR=4af =3
Axis of symmetry is at x -axis -2
Finding the Derivative/slope (Use power-rule)
-3
of the line x+3y =7
1+3y=0 -4
y= -1/3 -----=>m1
Finding the Derivative (Use power-rule) -5
of the curve y2=6x-3
-6
2yy=6
y=3/y ------=>m2
Since m1=-1/m2
1
=
1 c. To the Parabola (x+2y)2 +2x-y-3=0 parallel to the
3
3
line 4x+3y=2
y=1 Solution:
To find x,
(1)2=6x-3 By expanding the Equation,
x=2/3 x2+4xy+4y2+2x-y-3=0
Eq. of Tangent of the point (2/3, 1) For the Intercepts:
y-y1=m1(x-x1) If x=0, then y=1
2
y-1=3(x-3) If y=0, then x=-3, 1
3x y=1------=> eq. of tangent For Line of Symmetry: None
Vertical Asymptotes:
(4+1)40+49
6 y= 8
(Solving y in terms of x)
Thus,-40x+49=0
5 x=1.225
4
Horizontal Asymptotes: None
x+3y=7
Additional Information:
3 (1) For all x 3, we find that y 0. The curve
lies above the x-axis
2
(2) For > 1, we find that y< 0. the curve-1
1 lies above the x-axis.
3 (3) For 3 < x 1.225, we find that y< 0.
0 the curve-2 lies below the x-axis.
3/4
0 2 4 6 8
-1 (4) Curve-1 & Curve-2 formed a slanting
F(5/4, 0) parabola
-2 Finding the Derivative (Use power & product-rule)
of the curve x2+4xy+4y2+2x-y-3=0
-3
V1 (1/2, 0) 2x+4(y+xy)+8yy+2-y=0
-4 2(1+2+)
Y= 4+81
------=>m1
-5

-6
CAMARINES SUR POLYTECHNIC COLLEGES Nabua
College of Engineering Technology Name: Sarza, John Aries A. Score: ____________
Differential Calculus Instructor: Engr. Radmar B. Taamor Year/Course: BSCE-2B

Finding the Derivative/slope (Use power -rule)

15
of the line 4x+3y=2 14
4+3y=0 13
y=-4/3------=>m2 4x+3y=2 12
Since m1=m2 11
2(1+2+) 4
= 10
4+81 3
(x+2y)2 +2x-y-3=0 9
10x+20y-10=0
8
x+2y-1=0
7
x=1-2y
6
By substitution from the given curve,
5
[(1-2y )+2y]2 +2(1-2y )-y-3=0
4
1+2-4y-y-3=0 3
y=0 2 4x+3y=4
Then x=1 1
Eq. of Tangent of the point (1, 0) 0
y-y1=m1(x-x1) -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 -1 0 5 10
4
y-0= 3 (x-1) -2
3y=-4x+4 -3
-4
4x +3y=4------=> eq. of tangent
-5

d. To the curve y=x4-4x3+2x2-4x+15 to the x+8y=7

15 Solution:
14
13 For the Intercepts:
4x+3y=2 12 If x=0, then y=15
11 If y=0, then x=
10 For Line of Symmetry: None
(x+2y)2 +2x-y-3=0 9 x=1.225 Vertex:
8 y=4x3-12x2+4x-4=0
7
Thus, x=2.769, 0.115
6
V (2.769,-6.877)
5
Additional Information:
4
(1) For all x< 2, we find that y> 0. The curve
3
lies above the x-axis
2
1
(2) For 2 x 3.4, we find that y< 0. the
0 curve lies below the x-axis.
-25 -20 -15 -10 -5 -1 0 5 10 (3) For all x> 3.4, we find that y> 0. The
-2 curve lies above the x-axis
-3 Finding the Derivative (Use power & product-rule)
-4 of the curve y=x4-4x3+2x2-4x+15
-5 y=4x3-12x2+4x-4------=>m1
Finding the Derivative/slope (Use power -rule)
of the line x+8y=7
1+8y=0
y=-1/8------=>m2
 15
Since m1=-1/m2=8
4x3-12x2+4x-4= 8
4x3-12x2+4x-12=0
x3-3x2+x-3=0
x=3, (absurd)
x=3
By substitution from the given curve,
y=(3)4-4(3)3+2(3)2-4(3)+15
y= -6
Eq. of Tangent of the point (3, -6)
5
y-y1=m1(x-x1)
y+6=8(x-3) x+8y=7

y+6=8x-24
8x -y=30------=> eq. of tangent
8x-y=30

At 0 4
-4 -2 0 2 4 6 8
15

-5
5

y=x4-4x3+2x2-4x+15

-4 -2 0 2 4 6

-5

(2.769,-6.877)
y=x4-4x3+2x2-4x+15

-15
-15

From xR
700

600

500

400

300

200
y=x4-4x3+2x2-4x+15
100

0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8
-100
CAMARINES SUR POLYTECHNIC COLLEGES Nabua
College of Engineering Technology Name: Sarza, John Aries A. Score: ____________
Differential Calculus Instructor: Engr. Radmar B. Taamor Year/Course: BSCE-2B

Implicit Differentiation
1
( )(1+ )

A. x2+y2=a2 , Find y y= 2
Solution: 1
( )(
+
)

y=
By using ( ) =xnx-1 2
Since + =

(c) =0
1
( )( )

(u+v) = + y= 2

2x+2yy=0

y=
y= 2
1
( ) 2
y= 2 y= 3
2 2

Since y=

[( )]

y= 2
C. Find the slope @ the given point
2 +2 1. x( 2 2 ) =3 @ (-1,2)
[ ]

y= 2
Solution:

Since x2+y2=a2 By using ( ) =xnx-1

( 2+ 2 )
y= (c) =0
3
2
y= 3
(uv) =u +v


(u-v) = -
1 1 1 2 2
B. 2 + 2 =2 , Find y x(2x-2yy)+( )=0
Solution: 2x2-2xyy+x2-y2=0
2(-1)2-2(-1)(2)y+(-1)2-(2)2=0

By using () = 2 2+4y+1-4=0

1
(c) =0 held a as constant y= 4 (Slope at (-1,2))



(u+v) = +
3
1
+

=0 2. y2=2 @ (a,a)
2 2
1 1 Solution:
[ + ] = 0
2
By using ( ) =xnx-1
1
+ =0
(c) =0 held a as constant

+y=0


(u/v) = 2

y=

(u-v) = -

2 (2)(3 2 ) 3 (1)
y=- 2yy=
2
(2)2

(2)(3 2 )+ 3
2yy= (2)2
Since y=
(2)(3 2 )+ 3

y= 2(2)2
( )

2 (2)(3 2 )+3
y=- y=
2
2(2)2

(3 2 )+3

+
y= 2 3

2 4 3
y=
y=23
2

y=2
1
( )( )(1+ )

y=
2