AP U.S.

History - Unit 5 Outline

Industrialism through Turn of the Century (The Gilded Age)
Required Reading: Kennedy Chapters 23-26

Quality Core Standards and College Board Topics

C.1.f.Compare and contrast the experiences of African Americans in various C.1.a. Evaluate the impact of new inventions and technologies of the late
U.S. regions in the late nineteenth century nineteenth century
Reconfiguration of southern agriculture sharecropping and crop lien C.1.b. Identify and evaluate the influences on business and industry in
system 19th/20th century
Expansion of manufacturing and industrialism C.1.c. Identify labor and workforce issues of the late nineteenth century
The politics of segregation Jim Crow and disenfranchisement Corporate consolidation of industry
C.1.g. Identify and evaluate the influences on the development of the Effects of technology developments on the worker and the workplace
American West Labor and unions
C.1.h Analyze significant events for Native American Indian tribes, and their National politics and influence of corporate power
responses to those events, in the late nineteenth century Migration and immigration: the changing face of a nation
C.2.a Identify and explain significant issues and components of the Populist Proponents and opponents of the new order (e.g. Social Gospel and
movement and their impacts Social Darwinism)
Expansion and development of western railroads C.1.d. Explain the challenges and contributions of immigrants of the late
Competitors for the west miners, ranchers, homesteaders, and nineteenth century
American Indians C.1.e. Explain the causes and impact of urbanization in the late nineteenth
Government policy toward American Indians century
Gender, race, and ethnicity in the far West Urbanization and the lure of the city
Environmental impacts of western settlements City problems and machine politics
Populism agrarian discontent and political issues of the late Intellectual and cultural movements and popular entertainment
nineteenth century

KEY TERMS
For any 50 of the terms listed below, please indicate the most specific date possible relative to the term and to write a clear, concise
statement detailing its main idea and significance. Note all terms on this list are important and could show up on the AP exam.
You should ID the terms you are least familiar with. Key Term IDs must be hand written.

Cross of Gold George Custer National Labor Union Vaudeville

Alexander Graham Bell George W. Carver NativismOld/New Vertical Integration
American Federation of Gospel of Wealth immigrants W.E.B. DuBois
Labor Grandfather clause Pendleton Act of 1883 Walt Whitman
American Protective Grover Cleveland Plessy v. Ferguson William Jennings Bryant
Association Haymarket Riot Political machines William McKinley
Andrew Carnegie Henry McNeal Turner Poll tax Wounded Knee
Angel Island Homestead Act Populist Party Yellow-dog contracts
Barbed wire Homestead Strike Pullman strike
Barnum and Bailey Horace Greeley Railroad Strike of 1877
Benjamin Harrison Horatio Alger Rutherford B. Hays
Bessemer process Horizontal integration Samuel Gompers
Booker T. Washington Ida B. Wells Sears and Roebuck
Boss Tweed Indian Reorganization Sharecropping
Buffalo Bill Act Sherman Antitrust Act
Chester Arthur Interstate Commerce Silverites and Goldbugs
Chinese Exclusion Act Act of 1887 Sitting Bull
Company towns J.P. Morgan Social Darwinism
Cornelius Vanderbilt Jack London Statue of Liberty
Cowboys James Garfield Tammany Hall
Coxeys Army Jay Gould Tenements
Crazy Horse Jim Crow laws The Grange
Credit Mobilier John D. Rockefeller Thomas Edison
Dawes Act Knights of Labor Thomas Nast
Ellis Island Literacy test Transcontinental
Emily Dickinson Little Big Horn railroads
Eugene Debs Mark Twain Trusts
Eugenics Mugwumps Tuskegee Institute
Farmers Alliance NAACP Ulysses Grant
 Chapter Questions - Please label each set of questions clearly!
CHAPTER 24 - INDUSTRY COMES OF AGE, 18651900 (PART 1)
1. What were the main reasons for the increase in railroad construction?
2. What was the impact of the transcontinental rail system on the American society and economy in the late nineteenth century?
3. Identify the abuses in the railroad industry and discuss how these led to the first efforts at industrial regulation by the federal government.
4. How did the huge industrial trusts develop in industries such as steel and oil, and what was their effect on the economy?
5. Was the growth of enormous, monopolistic corporations simply the natural end result of economic competition, or did it partly result from corrupt practices designed to
eliminate competition?
6. Should industrialists such as Vanderbilt, Carnegie, and Rockefeller be viewed as robber barons or captains of industry?
7. What were the main principles of the Gospel of Wealth and Social Darwinism? In what ways did they attempt to deal with (and justify) the concentration of wealth?
8. Why were such views so popular during the Gilded Age? What criticisms of such views might be offered?

CHAPTER 24 - Industry Comes of Age, 18651900 (part 2)

1. What were some of the main ways in which the government tried to deal with the trusts? How did the Interstate Commerce Act and the Sherman Anti-Trust Act deal with
monopolies? Were they successful?
2. Describe how new technological inventions fueled new industries and why American manufacturers increasingly turned toward the mass production of standardized goods.
3. Explain why the South was generally excluded from American industrial development and remained in a Third World economic subservience to the North.
4. The text states that no single group was more profoundly affected by the new industrial age than women. Why was womens role in society so greatly affected by these
economic changes?
5. What were some of the biggest challenges facing labor in the second half of the nineteenth century?
6. Why were business and the middle-class public generally hostile to allowing workers to organize as industry did?
7. What was admirable and progressive in the Knights outlook? What was largely nostalgic and doomed to failure?
8. Explain the failures of the Knights of Labor and the modest success of the American Federation of Labor.

CHAPTER 25 - AMERICA MOVES TO THE CITY, 18651900 (PART 1)

1. Describe the rise of the American industrial city, and place it in the context of worldwide trends of urbanization and mass migration (the European diaspora).
2. The arrival of immigrants on American shores in the late nineteenth century involved both push and pull factors. Describe the major motives that caused emigrants to leave
Europe and come to the United States during this period.
3. Describe the New Immigration, and explain how it differed from the Old Immigration and why it aroused opposition from many native-born Americans.
4. What new opportunities and social problems did the cities create for Americans?
5. Compare the heroic story of immigration, as illustrated in the Statue of Liberty, with the historical reality. What explains the ambivalence toward the New Immigrants
reflected in Lazaruss poem?
6. Why did so many Italian-Americans initially intend to return to Italy after a time? How does that fact fit with the common understanding of immigration to America?
7. Analyze the changes in American religious life in the late nineteenth century, including the expansion of Catholicism, Orthodoxy, and Judaism, and the growing Protestant
division between liberals and fundamentalists.
8. Describe the impact of the evolutionary theories of Charles Darwin on American religious and cultural life? Why did many people find Darwin's ideas challenging or difficult?
9. Discuss the efforts of social reformers and churches to aid the New Immigrants and alleviate urban problems, and the immigrants own efforts to sustain their traditions
while assimilating to mainstream America.
CHAPTER 25 - AMERICA MOVES TO THE CITY, 18651900 (PART 2)
1. What were the primary changes in American education in the late nineteenth century? What did the developments in basic public education have in common with the
changes in American colleges and universities?
2. Explain the debate between DuBois and Washington over the goals of African American education.
3. Why did sensational journalism and scandal-mongering expand, even as Americans' levels of education and cultural achievement increased?
4. What were some of the major reform movements during the second half of the nineteenth century?
5. Who were some of the significant artistic and literary figures of the Gilded Age? What contributions did they make to American society?
6. Why did urban life alter the condition of women and bring changes like birth control and rising divorce rates to the family?
7. How did American social criticism, fiction writing, and art all reflect and address the urban industrial changes of the late nineteenth century? Which social critics and
novelists were most influential, and why?
8. How did the new urban forms of sports and recreation reflect both the greater opportunities and the greater stresses of big-city life?

CHAPTER 23 - POLITICAL PARALYSIS IN THE GILDED AGE, 18691896 (PART 1)

1. Describe the political corruption of the Grant administration and the mostly unsuccessful efforts to reform politics in the Gilded Age.
2. What made politics in the Gilded Age so extremely popularwith over 80 percent voter participationyet so often corrupt and unconcerned with important national
issues?
3. Explain the intense political partisanship of the Gilded Age, despite the parties lack of ideological difference and poor quality of political leadership.
4. Describe the economic crisis of the 1870s, and explain the growing conflict between hard-money and soft-money advocates.
5. What were the main issues surrounding the election of 1876? Did the Compromise of 1877 resolve those issues?
6. What caused the end of the Reconstruction? In particular, why did the majority of Republicans abandon their earlier policy of support for black civil rights and voting in the
South?
7. Describe how the end of Reconstruction led to the loss of black rights and the imposition of the Jim Crow system of segregation in the South.
8. How did the suppression of blacks through the sharecropping and crop-lien systems depress the economic condition of the South for whites and blacks alike?

CHAPTER 26 - THE GREAT WEST AND THE AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION, 18651896 (PART 1)
1. Compare the Plains Indians history and culture, especially before the coming of the whites, to that of the Iroquois (see Chapter 2). How does this comparison prove the
assertion that the cultures of various Indian peoples differed greatly?
2. Describe the nature of the cultural conflicts and battles that accompanied the white American migration into the Great Plains and the Far West.
3. Explain the development of federal policy towards Native Americans in the late nineteenth century.
4. What social, ethnic, environmental, and economic factors made the trans-Mississippi West a unique region among the successive American frontiers?
5. Analyze the brief flowering and decline of the cattle and mining frontiers, and the settling of the arid West by small farmers increasingly engaged with a worldwide
economy.
6. Summarize Frederick Jackson Turners thesis regarding the significance of the frontier in American history and describe its strengths and weaknesses.
7. How does the myth of the frontier West differ from the actual reality, in the late nineteenth century, and after?
8. Was the federal government biased against farmers and workers in the late nineteenth century? Why or why not?
9. Why did landowning small American farmerstraditionally considered by Jefferson, Jackson, and others the backbone of American societysuddenly find themselves
trapped in a cycle of debt, deflation, and exploitation in the late nineteenth century? Was their plight due primarily to deliberate economic oppression corporate business,
as they saw it, or was it simply an inevitable consequence of agricultures involvement in world markets and economy?

CHAPTER 23 - POLITICAL PARALYSIS IN THE GILDED AGE, 18691896 (PART 2)

1. What were the main reasons for Chinese immigration in the second half of the nineteenth century?
2. Explain the rise of class conflict between business and labor in the 1870s and the growing hostility to immigrants, especially the Chinese.
3. Explain the economic crisis and depression of the 1890s, and indicate how the Cleveland administration failed to address it.
4. To what extent did the political leaders of the time address issues of race and sectional conflict, and to what extent did they merely shove them under the rug?
5. What were the causes and political results of the rise of agrarian protest in the 1880s and 1890s?
6. Why were the Populists attempts to form a coalition of white and black farmers and industrial workers ultimately unsuccessful?
 7. Was the apparent failure of the American political system to address the industrial conflicts and racial tensions of the Gilded Age a result of the two parties poor
leadership and narrow self-interest, or was it simply the natural inability of a previously agrarian, local, democratic nation to face up to a modern, national industrial
economy?

CHAPTER 26 - THE GREAT WEST AND THE AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION, 18651896 (PART 2)
1. Explain how the growing discontent of the farmers gets transformed into the Populist Party. What are the main objectives of the populist?
2. Describe how the Populist Party organized to protest their oppression, attempted to forge an alliance with urban workers, and vigorously attacked the two major parties
after the onset of the depression of the 1890s.
3. Describe the Democratic partys revolt against President Cleveland and the rise of the insurgent William Jennings Bryans free silver campaign.
4. What were the major issues in the crucial campaign of 1896? Why did McKinley win, and what were the long-term effects of his victory?
 Unit Schedule (Subject to Change and Additions): Monday/Thursday

MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY

12/1 12/2 12/3 12/4 12/5
Quiz Chapter 24
Topic: Industrialism I Quiz 25
PD: In Praise of Mechanization Topic: Immigration
PD: How to Make a Millionaire PD: Immigration Topic: Urbanization and
Culture
HW: Ch. 24 HW: Ch. 23 - Bloody Shirt, Era of PD: Defense of Graft
Ch. 23 Class Conflicts Good Stealings,
Ch. 25 New Immigration until Ch. 25 Urban Frontier, and HW: Ch.23 Birth of Jim
Churches Confront Apostles of Reform until the end Crow,
HW: review Ch. 14 March of Ch. 25 - Lust for Learning,
Millions thru Antiforeignism, Booker T

12/8 12/9 12/10 (A) 12/11 12/12

Topic: The West
Topic: The New South PD: Western Settlement
PD: New South
HW: Ch. 23 Depression,
HW: Ch. 26 stop at Farmers Take Deflation, Inflation,Palid
Their Stand Politics, Cleveland Battles,
till end of ch23.
Ch. 26 Farmers Take Their
Stand till end of ch24

12/15 12/16(A) 12/12 (B) 12/13 (A) 12/14 (B)

Quiz 23/26
Topic: Gilded Age Politics and the
call for Reform
PD: Cross of Gold
COMPREHENSIVE FINAL!! (15% of grade)
Key Terms and CH. Questions Due Day of Final
HW: TBA

ENJOY THE BREAK!

 Tuesday/Friday
MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY
12/1 12/2 12/3 12/4 12/5
Quiz Chapter 24
Topic: Industrialism I
PD: In Praise of Mechanization Topic: Immigration
PD: How to Make a Millionaire PD: Immigration

HW: Ch. 24 HW: Ch. 23 - Bloody Shirt, Era of

Ch. 23 Class Conflicts Good Stealings,
Ch. 25 New Immigration Ch. 25 Urban Frontier, and
until Churches Confront Apostles of Reform until the end
HW: review Ch. 14 March of
Millions thru Antiforeignism,

12/8 12/9 12/10 (A) 12/11 12/12

Quiz 25 Topic: The New South Quiz 23/26
PD: New South Topic: Gilded Age Politics and the
Topic: Urbanization and Culture Topic: The West call for Reform
PD: Defense of Graft PD: Western Settlement PD: Cross of Gold

HW: Ch.23 Birth of Jim Crow, HW: TBA

Ch. 25 - Lust for Learning, HW: Ch. 23 Depression,
Booker T Deflation, Inflation,Palid Politics,
Cleveland Battles, till end of ch23.
Ch. 26 all

12/15 12/16(A) 12/12 (B) 12/13 (A) 12/14 (B)

COMPREHENSIVE FINAL!! (15% of grade)

Key Terms and CH. Questions Due Day of Final

ENJOY THE BREAK!