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Draft Survey: Procedures and Calculation

Home Draft Survey Draft Survey: Procedures and
Calculation

Posted By Faisal Yusuf on Aug 25, 2009 | 185 comments

The Draft Survey proceduresand calculation ascertained asthe following series :

1. Reading the draftmark of the ship, which consist ofsix (6) points of draftmarks, i.e.; Fore, Midship, and After at
both sides of the ship,
2. Sampling and testing thesea water ordock waterdensity at theplace where the vessel oats,
3. Determining of deductible weights by measuring and sounding of ballast tanks, fuel oil, fresh water that
existing onboard at the time of survey,
4. Using Hydrostatic Table provided onboard to calculation.

Reading the Draftmark of the ship

Commonly, all ship are designedwith draftmark for working with Draft Survey to determined their actual weight.
The draftmarkcould be ndat six (6) pointson the below places:

Forward Port Side (FP),

ForwardStarboard Side (FS),
Midship Port Side (MP),
MidshipStarboard Side (MS),
Aftward Port Side (AP),
AftwardStarboard Side (AS),

View the Draftmark:

Use the small boat to go around the ship andget as near as possible to the draft mark for best viewing. The
surveyor should be read all above marks clearly, becausereading the draftmark is the rst and most essential
process. I am not saying that other processses is not essensial, but this processis hard to do and involves
many rules of conduct to gain the correctness and accuracy of Draft Survey itself (I will post it later). The
draftmark read is recorded on the surveyor notebook, do not try to remember it or write down in your palm
hand. Its useless and un-professional.

Sampling and testing thesea water ordock waterdensity

After reading the draftmark, directly engage with the sampling of sea water or river water around the ships
dock.Why?Because the ship draft will not bethe same at dierent water densities(at the lower density means
the ship more sink andat the higher density means the shipmore oat).Where as the water densityissubject
tochangeswhich follow withwater tide that carrying dierent water salinity and temperature on to the ship
dock. The sea water density isindeed at density 1.025 and the fresh water at density 1.000. To determine the
density of water, we need the instrument named Hydrometer or Density Meter. Inserted the Hygrometer on to
the water sample on the Sampling Can or Tube, then we could check the scale pointed on the surface of the
sampling water. Records the water dock density as survey data.

Determining of deductible weights by measuringand sounding

Deductible Weightcould measure by sounding the tanks which used the Sounding Tape or gauging the tank
level by visual inspection.Any deductible weight such as Ballast Water, Fresh Water, Fuel and Diesel Oil, and
Bilges is notify to check. Records all in the survey book includes withthe densityfor Ballast and Bilges, and
forOil complete it with density and temperature .The Fresh Water was at density 1.000.

View the Sounding Pipe:

Using Hydrostatic Table provided onboard to begin calculation,

I think all necessary datawas completed,so we could do calculation.The calculation isuses Displacement Table
or usually called Hydrostatic Table. This table is included all data that we need to complete the calculation.

Raw Draft Calculation; Fore Mean or Fm = (FP+FS)/2,Mid Mean or Mm = (MP+MS)/2, and Fore Mean or Am =
(AP+AS)/2. while Apparent Trim or AT =Am Fm. the Apparent Trim is the Trim that visually nd.
Draftmark posision and correction to perpendicular. As the ship draftmark is not placed at the
perpendicular, the Fore and After draft should be corrected with distance from the draftmark to
perpendicular.The correction rules is: if the Trim byStern, the Fore correction should be minus and After
correctionplus, and if the Trim byHead (stem),the Fore correction should be plus and After correctionminus.
The Midship correction is parallel with the fore correction with the same pattern. Some Hydrostatic
tableprovided with these correction result. But if not the reference pattern is for Fore Correction or Fc = (Fd x
AT) : LBM and AfterCorrection or Ac = (Ad x AT)/ LBM. Where Fd = Fore distance to perpendicular, Ad =After
distance to perpendicular, and LBM = Length Between Mark or Length between Fore and After draftmarks or LBM=
LBP (Fd + Ad).
True Draft Calculation / Draft Corrected; Fore draft corrected or Fcd = Fm+ Fc,Mid draft corrected or Mcd =
Mm+ Mc, andAfter draft corrected or Acd = Am+ Ac.
True Trim or TT : Actual Ship Trim after draft corrected or TT = Acd Fcd.
Fore and After Mean Draft or FAm = (Fcd + Acd)/2, Mean of Mean Draft or MM = (FAm + Mcd)/2, and Mean of
Mean of Mean Draft or MMM or Quarter Mean = (MM + Mcd)/2.
The above calculation is similar with : MMM = {(Fcd x 1) + (Acd x 1) + (Mcd x 6)}/8.
Coresponding to the MMM or Quarter Mean result,the surveyor could check thevalue of needed parameters
on Hysdrostatic table like; Displacement, TPC, LCF, and MTC. Records them accurately.
Get the Displacement or Disp.
First Trim Correction or FTc = (TTx LCF x TPC x 100) / LBP. Could be plus or minus depend on LCF.
Second Trim Correction STc = (TT x TT x MTC x 50) / LBP. The result always plus (+).
Displacement corrected by Trim or DispT = D (FTc + STc).
Density Correction or Denc = DispT x {(Aden 1.025) / 1.025}.where theAden is Actual Densitythatsurveyor
has taken sampling and testingpreviously. The density correction commonly in minus (-), due totheActual
Density is usually lower than1.025 (fresh sea water). In case of at some port where the water salinity is high,
thedensity correctioncould be plus (+).
And we have got the Displacementcorrected by Density or DispDenc = DispT + Denc. (after corrected by
density we willget the actual ship weight as per shown by Draft Survey)
Deductible Calculation. The same as draft, the deductible also need to corresponding to the table thatnamed
Tank Table / Tank Capacity Table. Refer to the sounding records that done before, the surveyor could be
calculate the total deductbile existing onboard. Total Deductible or Deduct= Ballast Water + Fresh Water +
Bilges + Fuel Oil + Diesel Oil,this total should be minus to the Displacement corected by Density.
The Net Displacement or NDisp = DispDenc Deduct.
The Net Displacement is the actual ship weight after minus with deductible weight. For Unloading,
to estimate the quantity of cargo onboard, the Net displacement should be minus with Light Ship and
Constant.

I think dicult for the amateur writer like me to describe the complex narration of draft survey calculation,butto
make it clear, the sample of Draft Survey Calculation will be post sooner or later.. :)

For video reference >> http://www.sevensurveyor.com/video/

Using draft survey software linkhttp://www.sevensurveyor.com/software/surveysoft-marine-surveyor-software/

Regards,
Surveyors

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Author: Faisal Yusuf

Hi, my name is Faisal Yusuf, but you can call me Surveyor. I live in Jakarta, Indonesia and work as a
 surveyor.

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