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Chapter 8

Salts can be derived from acids reacting with metals or bases. Potassium chloride comes from hydrochloric acid, magnesium sulfate from sulfuric acid, and zinc carbonate from carbonic acid. Insoluble chloride salts include silver chloride and lead chloride. Insoluble sulfate salts include barium sulfate and lead sulfate. Insoluble carbonate salts include calcium carbonate and lead carbonate. Qualitative analysis of salts involves observing physical properties like color and precipitate formation when reacted with other substances to determine their composition.

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52 views

Chapter 8

Salts can be derived from acids reacting with metals or bases. Potassium chloride comes from hydrochloric acid, magnesium sulfate from sulfuric acid, and zinc carbonate from carbonic acid. Insoluble chloride salts include silver chloride and lead chloride. Insoluble sulfate salts include barium sulfate and lead sulfate. Insoluble carbonate salts include calcium carbonate and lead carbonate. Qualitative analysis of salts involves observing physical properties like color and precipitate formation when reacted with other substances to determine their composition.

Uploaded by

Luna Latisya
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chapter 8: Salts

Salts
1. Potassium chloride, magnesium sulphate and zinc nitrate are soluble salt that can be
derived from an acid.
a) What is meant by salt?

b) Name the acid that produces the following salts:

i) Potassium chloride
ii) Magnesium sulphate
iii) Zinc carbonate
c) Give two examples of insoluble salts for each of the following types of salts.
i) Chloride salt
ii) Sulphate salt
iii) Carbonate salt
2. Complete the equations for the following reactions to produce magnesium sulphate salt,
a) Mg + H2SO4
b) MgCO3 + H2SO4
c) Mg(OH)2 + H2SO4
d) MgO + H2SO4

Qualitative Analysis of Salts


1. The following salts will decompose upon heating. State the color of the residue in the hot
state and the cold state.
Salt Residue Color of residue Color of residue
when hot when cold
Zinc carbonate Zinc oxide

Copper (II) Copper (II) oxide


carbonate
Lead (II) carbonate Lead (II) oxide

Magnesium Magnesium oxide


carbonate
2. Mg2+, Zn2+, Ca2+,Fe2+,Pb2+,Al3+ and NH4+ ions are tested with sodium hydroxide solution
and ammonia solution.
a) Identify the ions that give the following observations.

NaOH (aq) added dropwise until in NH4 (aq) added dropwise until in excess
excess

Observation Ion Observation Ion

Ammonia gas No change


given out
White precipitate White precipitate
soluble in excess soluble in excess
White precipitate White precipitate
insoluble in excess insoluble in excess
Blue precipitate Blue precipitate

Green precipitate Green precipitate

Brown precipitate Brown precipitate

b) State four reagents that can be used to distinguish between aluminium ions and lead
(II) ions.

3. Identify the anions that give the following results.


a) White precipitate formed with silver nitrate solution

b) Insoluble white precipitate formed in acid and barium


nitrate solution.

c) Gives out carbon dioxide gas when added with dilute


acids.

d) Forms a brown ring when added with dilute sulphuric


acid. Iron (II) sulphate solution and concentrated
sulphuric acid.

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