METHOD STATEMENT

GENERAL PROJECT SCAFFOLDING WORKS

METHOD
STATEMENT
BS
STANDARD

PROJECT:

WORK : SCAFFOLDING WORK

CLIENT :
Page 1 of 32
METHOD STATEMENT
GENERAL PROJECT SCAFFOLDING WORKS

INDEX

3 INTRODUCTION

4 SCOPE OF WORK

5 MANAGEMENT GUIDANCES

6 APPLICABLE REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

7 SCAFFOLDING DESIGN

8 SCAFFOLDING MATERIAL

9 GENERAL ERECTION PROCEDURES

10 SCAFFOLDING TYPES

11 INSPECTION

12 SCAFFOLDTAG SYSTEM

13 MODIFICATION

14 HAZARDS DURING ERECTION , USE AND

DISMANTLE OF
SCAFFOLD

15 SAFETY SIGNS AND BARRIERS

16 PRECAUTIONS DURING ERECTION AND

DISMANTLE

17 REQUEST TO ERECT AND DISMANTLE BY USER /

CLIENT-
LEVEL OF URGENCY

16 COMPETENCE AND TRAINING

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METHOD STATEMENT
GENERAL PROJECT SCAFFOLDING WORKS

1 INTRODUCTION

This METHOD STATEMENT is specially prepared for the Provision of

Specialist
Scaffolding Services for the PROJECT to be undertaken by SCAFFOLDING
CONSTRUCTION (SC)

2 SCOPE OF WORK

SCAFFOLDING CONSTRUCTION (SC) has been invited to bid and upon

successful award if
the Contract will be engaged to provide Site Wide Scaffolding Services for the
above-mentioned
Project.

The Scope of work shall be summarized below:-

iii) Provision of sufficient scaffolding materials, accessories, labor, hand

tools, PPE
and Supervision to meet the project site scaffolding requirements.

iii) Responsible for the planning, design, erection, alteration,

inspection and dismantle of any
scaffolding work to British Standard as required to
provide safe access and
100% fall protection in connection to all construction works and
other related works of
the project.

3 MANAGEMENT GUIDANCES

SCAFFOLDING CONSTRUCTION (SC) shall - mandatory

iii) Ensure that all its employees adhere to the recognized standard or code
of practice with respect
to the selection, erection and possible modifications of scaffolds.

iii) Appoint fully trained Scaffold Supervisors.

iii) Provide proper training for its scaffolders and ensure that the
Scaffolding
Supervisor properly monitors the performance of scaffolders.

iii) Provide adequate personnel protective equipment (PPE) such as

gloves, coveralls, head
protection, safety foot-wear, harnesses, lifelines, safety nets, and
when working above
 water, life jackets. Ensure the proper use of all personal protective
equipment (PPE) provided.

iii) Carry out regular quality control and safety checks on scaffolding
materials and on erected
scaffolds.

iii) Adhere to the written hand-over procedures and maintain good

communication with the
scaffolding Supervisor at all times.

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METHOD STATEMENT
GENERAL PROJECT SCAFFOLDING WORKS

iii) Ensure safe dismantling of scaffolding and site clearance upon

completion of the job.

CLIENT shall:

iii) Ensure at all times that scaffolding is safely used by users and
not modified without
authorization.

iii) Ensure that users report defects and unauthorized modifications of

the scaffolding to the
scaffolding supervisor.

iii) Ensure that users inform the scaffolding supervisor when scaffolding
is no longer required
and is available for dismantling.

4 APPLICABLE REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

i) BS EN 12811-1: 2003 Temporary works equipment Part 1:

Scaffolds
Performance requirements and general design.

iii) BS EN 39: 2001 Loose steel tubes for tube and coupler scaffolds
technical delivery
conditions.

iii) BS EN 131-1:1993 Ladders Part 1 Specification for terms, types,

functional sizes.

iii) BS EN 131-2:1993 Ladders- requirements, testing, marking.

iii) BS2482: Specification for Timber Scaffold Boards.

iii) BS5974: Code of Practice for temporarily installed suspended

scaffolds and access equipment.
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METHOD STATEMENT
GENERAL PROJECT SCAFFOLDING WORKS

5 SCAFFOLDING DESIGN

The access and workings scaffolds listed in Table -1, with their construction
criteria, shall be designed
by SCAFFOLDING CONSTRUCTION (SC) in accordance with appropriate
BS Standards. All
other scaffolds, and all scaffolds which are the subject of a specific user
request outside the pre-
specified format of Table 1, shall be designed by SCAFFOLDING
CONSTRUCTION (SC) to
the requirements and approval of client.

Table 1 Loads and Dimensions for Tubes and Fittings Scaffold

Type of Use of Scaffold Maximum Maximum Typical

scaffold scaffold loading per number ofload
m2 working spacing examples
platforms per
Very light Inspection 75 kg. 1 working between bay
duty access platform standards
independen and 2.7 m. 1 man+
t painting tool.
150 kg. 2 working
Very light Power No
platform
duty cleaning, materials
independen painting,
t light 2.4 m. 2 men+
200 kg. 2 workingtool.
engineering
platforms+ No
General Light
1at very light materials
purpose engineering,
duty
independen e.g. welding
t or 250 kg. 2 working
electrical platforms+
Heavy duty Heavy 1at very light
independen duty
t
To be stated on design drawings
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METHOD STATEMENT
GENERAL PROJECT SCAFFOLDING WORKS

3 SCAFFOLDING MATERIAL

Scaffold Materials Standards

Materials Additional Requirements.

Standard Only Galvanized tube to be
used. Used
Steel Tube BS
1139 tubes to regularly
Part 1 be cleaned. All tubes
to and 2 inspected
and before used
for
corrosion general
condition, and
to be discarded.
Butt
welded tubes may be
used on
condition that the welding
Fitting
has been BS 1139
Part 1 carried out to an approved
and 2
procedure
All fittings to be
examined
before use for damage and
wear.
Damaged or worn fittings
to be
discarded. No heat to be
applied to
fittings. Moving parts to
be
lubricated.

To be clean and free of

nails, free
of warping and significant
cracks.
Not to be painted.

When scaffolding is erected in areas where high levels of radiated heat are
unavoidable encountered,
e.g. where high temperature pipe work is in close proximity, timber scaffold
boards may be exposed
to the risk of burning or charring. In these
circumstances, the use
of pressed steel staging boards is an acceptable alternative.

Note: Aluminium tubes, fittings, components and proprietary system

frames are vulnerable
in the case of fire and are potentially spark producing, If they are to be
used where flammable
atmospheres could be present during normal operations,
their use shall be
controlled the work permit system and precautions specified to ensure a
safe atmosphere is
provided. If a safe atmosphere cannot be reliably provided, equipment
manufactured from steel
shall be used.

7 GENERAL ERECTION PROCEDURES.

There are many types of scaffolding that may be erected on a construction

site, some of which are
documented in this Code of Practice: The physical environment of the work
area will determine
the type of scaffold to be erected, however, there are safety
precautions and recommended
work practices common to all scaffolding.

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METHOD STATEMENT
GENERAL PROJECT SCAFFOLDING WORKS

a) Planning

In order to satisfy the requirement of personnel intending to work from

the working platform,
the scaffolder will need to liaise with those personnel, the maximum load
likely to be placed on the
working platform, the area of working platform necessary to carry out the
work, positioning of access
ladders and a comfortable working height for the working platform will all
need to be discussed. Any
hazards involved with the erection shall be identified at the planning
stage and appropriate
precautions taken. Proximity to live electrical equipment or interface
problems may need to be given
consideration.

b) Bracing & Ties.

All scaffolds shall be braced and tied to form a rigid stable structure. There
are minimum requirements
for bracing and tying scaffold but these is a guide only to the scaffolder. A
priority concern of the
scaffolder is to provide a safe working platform free from movement.
If this priority is not
satisfied on completion of the minimum requirements for bracing and tying,
the scaffolder is bound
to include such extra ties and braces as in needed.

i) Braces.

With the exception of tower and single bay scaffolds, face braces shall be
provided that are attached
to the external row of standards of the scaffold as close to the junction of the
ledger and standard as
is practicable and extend to the full length and height of the scaffolding.
Transverse braces shall
be provided that are attached diagonally in every lift joining the internal and
external standards at both
ends of the scaffold and at intervals not exceeding 25 metres. Tower and
single bay scaffolding shall
be provided with braces diagonally in every face in every lift of the scaffold.

ii) Ties.

Ties shall be provided that are attached by 90 couplers to the outside and
inside standards or ledgers as
close as possible to the junction of ledgers and standards. They shall be
located horizontally no
further than one bay from the ends and at intervals not exceeding
3 bays. They shall be located vertically in the first lift and at intervals not
exceeding 4
 metres.

c) Guard Rails

All working platform above a height of 2 metres or at any height less than 2
metres where a hazard
such as starter bars exists, shall be provided with double guard rails
and kickboards to all open
edges.

The guard rails shall consist of a top rail erected 1 metre above the working
platform and a midrail
erected midway between the top rail and the working platform.

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METHOD STATEMENT
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Kickboards shall extend a minimum of 200mm above the working platform

and shall be secured
firmly to the standards. Puncheons may be fixed to the guard rails to
facilitate the securing of
kickboards if necessary.

d) Scafftags

Upon completion of the scaffolding the scaffolder shall affix a scaffold

complete Scafftag to the base
of the scaffold at the point of access. The Scafftag shall display the following
information;
Location Ref.
No. Date
erected
Requested by
Built by
Foreman
Signature
Safe Working Load

During erection, alteration or dismantling of the scaffolding a scaffold

incomplete sign of scafftag shall
be displayed. Personal other than scaffolders are not permitted to access
a scaffold while the
incomplete sign or scafftag is displayed.

e) Dismantling

Prior to any dismantling of scaffolding taking place and during the dismantling
procedure, the following
safety precautions shall be observed:
The scafftag is to be changed from Complete status to Incomplete status.
The area at ground level is to be barricaded with general purpose bunting
and a sign displayed
stating Danger Men Working Above
All planks are to be turned to remove dust and dirt that may cause eye injuries.
Care shall be taken to
ensure personnel are not working below when plank cleaning is taking place.
All horizontal tubes, once
removed, shall be turned to the vertical to remove grit and metal flakes from
inside the tubes to
avoid eye injuries during lowering operation.

8 TYPES OF SCAFFOLD

In all cases, the following scaffold types are to be subject to specific design by
SCAFFOLDING
CONSTRUCTION (SC)
when the client may require to approve in detail prior to erection:

Independent Tube & Fitting Scaffolding.

Independent Modular Scaffolding. Tower
Scaffolding-Tube & Fitting.
Drop Scaffolding.
Mobile Scaffolding-Tube & fitting.
Birdcage Scaffolding.
Cantilever Scaffolding.
Light Duty Suspended Stages

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METHOD STATEMENT
GENERAL PROJECT SCAFFOLDING WORKS

8.1 INDEPENDENT TUBE & FITTING SCAFFOLDING.

a) Definition

An independent scaffold consists of two rows of standards, joined

longitudinally by ledgers and
transversely by transoms and / or putlogs and is braced and tied to form a
rigid stable structure.

b) Bay Sizes

Heavy duty 1.8m x 1.5m

Medium duty 2.4m x 1.5m
Light duty 3.0m x 1.5m

c) Loadings

One working platform in a bay of independent tube and fitting scaffolding

shall not be loaded in
excess of following;

Heavy duty 625 kg

Medium duty 430 kg
Light duty 180 kg

The load to be placed on the working platform is to be distributed evenly over

the area of the working
platform but any concentrated loading is to be borne by the standards.

No more than two working platforms are to be fully loaded per bay but
this number may be
increased provided the total loading per bay does not exceed the total of
two fully loaded bays.

d) Erection

All gear to be used in the erection of an independent scaffold will be laid out
nearly and sorted into
sizes for easy access. It will be necessary to erect general purpose bunting
around the gear so as
not to create a trip hazard for other personnel. The area to be
scaffolded will have general
purpose bunting erected at ground level and a sign strating
caution men working above displayed prominently to protect personnel
from hazards involved in
the erection of the scaffold.

The surface to support the scaffold should be checked to ensure it is

even and free from
obstructions. If required, level the ground surface at the ground surface at
the points standards are
to be located.
 For ground surfaces other than concrete slabs, timber sole plates are to be
placed at the required
spacing for the scaffold to be erected, i.e. heavy duty, medium duty or light
duty. Base plates of mild
steel with an area no less than 0.0225m2 x 6mm thick are to be
positioned on the sole plate. If
the scaffold is to be erected on a concrete slab, the base

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METHOD STATEMENT
GENERAL PROJECT SCAFFOLDING WORKS

plates may be placed directly on that surface without the use of timber sole
plate. The standards
may then be placed on the base plates as required.

Temporary raked tubes should be used to plumb the first two standards
and may be removed at
such time as the scaffold is self supporting through the fixing of addition
member.

Caution must be observed at this base lift of the scaffold to ensure joins do
not occur in adjacent
standards in the same lift and in adjacent ledgers in the same bay.
Appropriate tube sizes are
selected at the planning stage to satisfy these criteria. All horizontal
members are to be made
level and all standards made plumb with the use of an accurate spirit level.

On completion of the base lift a two board wide platform is to be provided

to enable scaffolders
to erect the next lift. The minimum working platform width for use by
scaffolders to erect all
additional lifts is two boards. The working platform to be provided for
other personnel at the
required heights must conform to the standards set down in Section 4.

During the erection of the scaffold, and while any alterations to the scaffold
are being carried out, a
scaffold incomplete sign is to be displayed prominently at the base of the
scaffold.

On completion of the scaffold, a scaffold complete sign is to be displayed

prominently at the base
of the access to the scaffold, and in a manner so as not to cause in to
be dislodged by any
inadvertent action.

8.2 INDEPENDENT MODULAR SCAFFOLDING.

a) Definition

Modular scaffolding consists of pre-fabricates members that lock together

using a variety of patented
fixing points located at approximately 0.5 m intervals on the standards.

b) Bay Sizes

Standard spacing for modular scaffolding may vary from those set down
for tube and fitting
scaffolding provided approval has been granted but the
Department of
Occupational Health Safety and Welfare / An example of this variation is
the 2.4m transoms
available in the wedge lock system that enable the scaffolder to erect 2.4m x
2.4m medium duty bays.

The standard spacing is limited to the following:-

Heavy duty 1.8m x 1.5m

Medium duty 2.4m x 1.5m
Light duty 3.0m x 1.5m

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METHOD STATEMENT
GENERAL PROJECT SCAFFOLDING WORKS

c) Loadings

One working platform in a bay of independent modular scaffold shall not be

loaded in excess of
the following;
Heavy duty 625 kg
Medium duty 430 kg
Light duty 180 kg

The load to be placed on the working platform is to be distributed evenly over

the area of the working
platform but any concentrated loadings is to be borne by the standards.

No more than two working platforms are to be fully loaded per bay but
this number may be
increased provided the total loading per bay does not exceed the total
of two fully loaded
platforms.

d) Erection

All gear to be used in the erectin of independent modular scaffolding will

be laid out neatly and
standards sorted into sizes for easy access.

General purpose bunting will be erected around the gear so as not to create
a trip hazard for other
personnel. The area to be scaffolded will have general purpose bunting
erected at ground level and a
sign stating caution men working above displayed prominently to protect
personnel from hazards
involved in the erection of the scaffold.

The surface to support the scaffold should be checked to ensure it is

even and free from
obstructions. If required, level the ground surface at the points standards
arte to be located.

For ground surfaces other than concrete slabs, timber sole plates are to be
placed at the required
spacing for the scaffold to be erected, i.e. heavy duty, medium duty and
light duty. Adjustable base
plates or screw jacks are to be positioned on the sole plates to
accommodate the standards. If
the scaffold is to be erected on a concrete slab the adjustable base plates
may be placed directly
on that surface without the use of timber sole plates. Caution must be
observed at this base lift of the
scaffold to ensure joins do not occur in adjacent standards in the same lift.
Appropriate standard sizes
are selected at the planning stage to satisfy these criteria.
 Legers, transoms and braces are fixed to the standards using the patented
fixing methods and each
member will be made level using the adjustable base plate and an accurate
spirit level. Bracing is to
be installed progressively at the required locations, not as an
afterthought at the completion of
the scaffold.

Ties securing the scaffold to the building pr structure as set down

in Schedule 6 of
Occupational Health, Safety and Welfare Regulation 1988 are to be
installed as an integral part
of each lift.

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METHOD STATEMENT
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On completion of the base lift, a tow board wide platform is to be provided

to enable scaffolders
to erect the next lift. The minimum working platform width for use by
scaffolders to erect all
additional lifts is two boards. The working platform to be provided for other
personnel at the required
height or heights must conform to the standards set down in Section 4.

Where hop-up brackets are used as an extension of the working platform width,
they must be restrained
from rotation by approved tie bars. A two board hop-up bracket will not be
used to accommodate
one board.

During the erection of the scaffold and while any alterations to the scaffold
are being carried out, a
scaffold incomplete sign is to be displayed prominently at the base of the
scaffold.

8.3 TOWER SCAFFOLDING TUBE & FITTING.

a) Definition

A tower scaffolding consists of four joined together longitudinally by

ledgers and transversely
by transoms and/or putlogs and is braced and tied to form a rigid stable
structure. A tower is
basically four parallel trusses on end and joined in the form of a box to support
a working platform.

b) Bay Sizes

The minimum base dimension of a tower is 1.2m x 1.2m. The

maximum base dimension of a tower is 3.0m x 2.4m.

c) Height

The maximum height of a free standing tower is three times the least base
dimension measured
centre to centre of the standards.

The maximum height of a tied tower is 45 meters. The

maximum height of a guyed tower is 15 meters.

d) Loadings

Not more than one working platform shall be erected on a tower scaffold
although intermediary
landing platforms may be erected for access to the working platform. The
working platform on a
tower scaffold shall not exceed the following loadings;
Heavy duty 625 kg.
Medium duty 430 kg.
Light duty 180 kg.

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METHOD STATEMENT
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e) Erection

All gear to be used in the erection of a tower scaffold will be laid out neatly
and sorted into sizes for
easy access. It will be necessary to erect general purpose bunting around the
gear so as not to create a
trip hazard for other personnel. The area to be scaffolded will have general
purpose bunting erected
at ground level and a sign stating caution men working above displayed
prominently to protect
personnel from hazards involved in the erection of the scaffold.

The surface to support the scaffold should be checked to ensure it is even and
free from
obstructions. If required, level the ground surface at the points standards are to
be located.

For ground surfaces other than concrete slabs, timber sole plates are to be
placed at the required
spacing for the scaffold to be erected, i.e. heavy duty, medium duty or light
duty. Base plates of mild
steel with an area no less than 0.225m2 x 6mm thick are to be positioned
on the sole plates. If
the scaffold is to be erected on a concrete slab, the base plates may be
placed directly on that surface
without the use of timber sole plates.

Temporary raked tubes should be used to plumb the first two standards
and may be removed at
such time as the scaffold is self supporting through the fixing of addition
members.

Caution must be observed at the base lift of the scaffold to ensure joins do
not occur in adjacent
standards in the same lift. Appropriate tube sizes are selected at the
planning stage to satisfy these
criteria. All horizontal members are to be made level and all standards
are to be made plumb
using an accurate spirit level. A spreader may be used to accurately guage
the diagonals of the tower
to ensure the standards remain plumb and prevent corkscrewing

On completion of the base lift a two board wide platform is to be provided

to enable scaffolders
erect the next lift. The minimum working platform width for use by
scaffolders to erect all
additional lifts is two boards. The working platform to be provided for
other personnel at the
required height must conform to the standards set down in Section 5.

When the span of the putlogs supporting working platform exceed 1.5 metres,
they will be supported by
a puncheon to a lower member, or strutted to lower members.
 During the erection of the scaffold, and while any alterations to the scaffold
are being carried out, a
scaffold incomplete sign is to be displayed prominently at the base of the
scaffold.

On completion of the scaffold, a scaffold complete sign is to be displayed

prominently at the base
of the access to the scaffold, and in a manner so as not to cause it to
be dislodged by any
inadvertent action.

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METHOD STATEMENT
GENERAL PROJECT SCAFFOLDING WORKS

f) Bracing

Diagonal face bracing will be installed progressively on all faces of a

tower scaffold. Where it is
not possible to install such bracing due to protrusions from the building, that
face will be tied in the
manner outlined in AS1576 1974. Diagonal plan bracing shall be installed at
every third lift of the
tower scaffolding to the full height of the tower scaffolding.

h) Access Towers

Where the tower scaffolding is erected to provide access to a work area above
6 metres in height, the
landing places for the ladders must be fully decked (except when access is
provided).

The maximum spacing between landing places shall be 6 metres.

The platform shall have a safe means of access which shall always be on the
narrowest side of the
tower. Access may be achieved in the following ways:

By vertical ladders attached internally to the narrow side clear hand

and foot holds shall be
provided, by blocking pieces if necessary. Where vertical ladders
rise more than 9 m, an
intermediate landing shall be provided.

By internal stairways or inclined ladders.

By ladder sections integral with the frame members. These are to be

climbed from inside the
tower. Rungs shall be no more than 300 mm apart and the stiles no more
than 500 mm apart.

Climbing the tower by using the horizontal members is not permitted.

With a prefabricated tower, access to a platform made of scaffold boards is

difficult when the tower is
climbed from the inside. Platform boards incorporating a trapdoor or hatch
are therefore preferred.
With tube and fitting tower, scaffold boards may be used and the platform
constructed so that there
is a permanent access opening adjacent to the ladder. This opening shall
be as possible to allow
safe access and provided there is adequate support, a loose cover may
be used to protect the
opening while people are on the platform. With a tube and fittings steel
tower, the ladder shall,
where possible, be lashed to the inside. If it has to be lashed to the outside,
the access opening in the
 guard rail shall be protected by a hinged section or some other equally
effective means. With all
other towers, the ladder shall be fixed on the inside. Ladders shall
never be placed on the
platform to extend the height of the tower, nor shall be leaned against the side
of a tower.

Tools and heavy loads shall not be carried but hauled up or lowered down by a
person on the platform
within the confines of the tower.

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METHOD STATEMENT
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8.4 DROP SCAFFOLDING.

a) Definition

A drop or hanging scaffold consists of two or more rows of

standards, joined
longitudinally by ledgers and transversely by transoms and putlogs and
braced to form a rigid stable
structure that is secured to overhead supports of sufficient capacity to
withstand any load likely
to be imposed on such overhead supports.

b) Application

A drop scaffold is erected where it is not possible or it is not practicable to

erect a scaffold from the
ground.

c) Drop Tube Spacing

The maximum spacing of drop tubes supporting the working platform of

hanging scaffolding
shall be as for medium duty and light duty independent tube and fitting
scaffold.

Medium duty 2.4m x 1.5m

Light duty 3.0m x 1.5m

Any work to be performed from the working platform of a drop scaffold

requiring the drop
scaffold to be erected to heavy duty specifications and shall only be erected
with prior approval.

d) Maximum Drop

The maximum distance that a working platform may be erected from overhead
supports is three lifts or
six metres. Single lengths of tube only, are to be used as drop tubes, there
are to be no joins or
dropping again from ledgers or transoms.

e) Loadings

One only working platform per bay of drop scaffolding shall be loaded at any
one time and such
working platform shall not be loaded in excess of the following:

Medium duty 430 kg.

Light duty 180 kg.

f) Erection

All gear to be used in the erection of a hanging scaffold will be laid out nearly
and sorted into sizes for
easy access. The physical environment of the area to be scaffolded will
determine whether the gear
to be used in the erection of the scaffold will be passes up or

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METHOD STATEMENT
GENERAL PROJECT SCAFFOLDING WORKS

passed down. This decision will be made during the job safety analysis
discussion between the
work supervisor and the licensed scaffolders.

Prior to commencement of work, the area at ground level beneath the

proposed scaffold will be
barricaded with general purpose bunting and a sign displayed prominently
stating
Danger Men Working Above.

All gear to be used in the erection of the scaffold will have general purpose
bunting erected
around the storage area to prevent trip hazards to other personnel.

i) Grid Mesh used as Overhead Supports

Grid mesh may be used as an overhead support for drop tubes. An

approved closed eye bracket
welded to the end of the scaffold tube shall be retained in the grid mesh by a
mild steel pin 20mm in
diameter and 400mm in length. The pin shall be prevented from
movement or dislodgement
through inadvertent action by being lashed securely to the grid mesh with
a suitable fire retardant
lashing.

Prior to raising or lowering the drop tubes into position a short tube
approximately
300mm shall be fixed with a 90 coupler to the lower end of the drop tubes.
This short tube affords the
scaffolder a degree of comfort when erecting the initial ledgers and
transoms and shall not be
substituted by a 90 coupler.

Scaffolders are permitted to access the lower end of the drop tube by sliding
sown the tube to the
T piece or by walking the steel beams if the former is not practicable.

It is paramount for the scaffolder to secure his lanyard to the drop tube prior
to descending to the T
piece. The lanyard will be given two full turns on the drop tube and secured
back to the second belt
ring, and shall only be removed to relocate to another member. As there
will be two scaffolders
involved in fixing the first lift, it will not be necessary for either to
traverse the longitudinal
spacing between the drop tubes. This negates the practice of moving
about during the initial
erection stage without anti-fall protection. As early as is practicable the
working platform planks and
guard rails shall be installed and only when this is complete may anti-fall
protection be removed.
 The nature of the overhead supports will cause the scaffold to sway
considerably and must be eliminated
as early as possible by bracing all faces of the scaffold and where possible, by
the installation of ties.
Subsequent lifts may be installed in the scaffolding at maximum spacing of 2
metres and are erected
as for independent tube and fitting scaffolding. Where the scaffolder is in
a stationary position
during the erection of subsequent lifts, and guard rails are not
provided, he will secure his
lanyard to a member of the scaffold.

Access shall be provided to the working platform via a ladder or ladders

placed inside the drop
scaffold. When more than one ladder is providing access to the working
platform the landing place
shall be fully decked except where access is provided through the decking.

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METHOD STATEMENT
GENERAL PROJECT SCAFFOLDING WORKS

The gap in the decking shall be fitted with guard rails and a swing rail to
define the open edge or an
approved trapdoor.

Where it is not practicable to provide access to the working platform via

ladders through the drop
scaffold, alternative access will be provided. Personnel required to work from
the working platform are
not to placed in a hazardous situation to access the working platform.

ii) Beams used as Overhead Supports

Structural beams provide excellent opportunities for overhead

supports for drop
scaffolding. Purpose made beam clams only are to be used to lock tubes
onto or into I beams.
Tubes may be placed above or positioned inside the web of two parallel beams.
In all cases they will be
locked in position using beam clamps.

Drop tubes are fixed to the horizontal tubes that are fixed to the beams using
inverted 90
couplers and a check fitting positioned immediately adjacent to and above that
fitting.

In some cases it may be necessary to build temporary platforms to reach the

next beam to be used as
an overhead support. Temporary platforms can be spurred back to existing
members to provide
access to previously inaccessible beams. The scaffolder should always
be prepared to erect
temporary accesses to eliminate dangerous work practices. Scaffolders
are not assessed on their
ability to take risks but their ability to perform their duties in a safe and
efficient manner.

iii) Purpose Made Scaffold Tube Overhead

Supports for Drop Scaffolding.

Where structural members are of insufficient capacity to withstand the forces

imposed on them by a
drop scaffold or where there is no structure suitable as an overhead
support, a structure may be
erected using scaffold tube. This inboard restraint must be designed and
erected to withstand three
times the load likely to be imposed on the outboard projection of the needles.
The outboard moments
are to be calculated as being imposed at the fixing point of the outside
standard to the needle.

The inboard structure is erected with the needles projecting the required
distance from the fulcrum
point and the purpose made counterweights positioned the required
distance inboard from the
fulcrum as per the calculations. The counterweights will have their mass
clearly stamped on them and
locked onto the standard so as not to become dislodged.

Temporary tension members shall be installed from the fulcrum to the

needles to eliminate
any bending of the needles under load. A minimum of two boards will now
be positioned on the
needles to afford the scaffolder a degree of comfort while fixing the drop
tubes and under slinging
the ledgers.

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Prior to any work commencing on the outboard section of the scaffold the
scaffolder will secure his
lanyard to the fulcrum or other substantial anchorage. Under no
circumstance is work to commence
outboard, without anti-fall protection. All permanent tension members are to
be in place and check
fittings fixed appropriately before descending the drop tubes to the T pieces.

g) Dismantling Drop Scaffolding

When dismantling a drop scaffold the scaffolder is to commence at the top

lift. This method will
facilitate the removal of long tube be fixed to secure anchorages at all times
and only removed to
relocate to another member. The scaffold should endeavout to remove
guard rails progressively
on a multiple bay drop scaffold. This practice will enable a section of the
lift to remain intact to
pass the bulk of the gear up.

When all members of the scaffolding have been removed the scaffolders
return to the overhead
supports by climbing up the drop tubes. Temporary tension members are
again fixing to the needles
and fulcrum to eliminate nay bending effect and the remainder of the scaffold
may be dismantled.

h) General Safety Precutions

There are some general safety guidelines that must be considered when
erecting or dismantling
drop scaffolding;

Whilst provision of safe access to working platforms is an integral part of

erecting a drop scaffold,
consideration must also be given to the point of access to and egress from
the top of the ladder. A
suitable landing platform at the top of the ladder is very important. Such
landing platform shall be
fully decked and guard railed. This is after the area personnel will set their
tools and equipment down
in preparation for lowering them to them working platform

11.7.2 Personnel should not be required to scale permanent edge protection

or structure members to
gain access to the ladder. Consideration must be given to a system of steps
to eliminate this type of
hazard.

The nature of the work to be performed from the working platform may
require the scaffold to
 be fully enclosed with a fire retardant material to protect those personnel
working below.

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METHOD STATEMENT
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8.5 MOBILE SCAFFOLDING TUBE & FITTING.

a) Definition

A mobile scaffold consists of four or more standards joined together

longitudinally by ledgers and
transversely by transoms and putlogs and are supported by approved castors.
The scaffold is braced in
all faces to form a stable rigid structure.

b) Bay Sizes

Heavy duty 1.8m x 1.5m

Medium duty 2.4m x 1.8m
Light duty 3.0m x 2.1m
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c) Loadings

Not more than one working platform shall be erected on a mobile scaffold
although intermediary
landing platforms may be erected for access to the working platform. The
working platform on a
mobile scaffold shall not exceed the following loadings;

Heavy duty 625 kg.

Medium duty 430 kg.
Light duty 180 kg.

d) Height

The maximum height of the working platform on a mobile scaffold is 3

times the minimum
base dimension. It will be seen that this requirement will make it necessary
to increase the base area
of the scaffold I order to erect the working platform to a height greater
than world be permitted by
the area of one bay.

When the base of a mobile scaffold is extended, the centre of the working
platform must be located
vertically above the centre of the base, providing that;

When a wall, or the like, prevents the extension being used on one side, the
base on the opposite
shall be extended to give the required ratio.

e) Castors

No castor shall be used on a mobile scaffold unless it meets the following;

The SWL is clearly stamped

Pneumatic tyres prohibited Safe
locking device Minimum
diameter 125mm
Eccentricity between the centre of the castor and the shank is less than 60mm
Shank is not less than 150mm in length and is able to be properly secured in
the standard.

f) Bracing

Diagonal face bracing shall be installed progressively on all faces of a mobile

scaffold. Diagonal plan
bracing shall be installed in the base lift as close to the castors as
practicable and coupled in
the centre using a swivel coupler. Plan bracing shall be further located in
every third lift.
g) Erection

A mobile scaffold is effectively a tower scaffold supported on castors.

As such the erection
procedure applicable to tower scaffold is to be observed. The only exception is
to be the substitution of
base plates for castors.

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METHOD STATEMENT
GENERAL PROJECT SCAFFOLDING WORKS

h) Safe use of a Mobile Scaffold

There are a number of points to be remembered when using a mobile scaffold

to ensure the safety of
all personnel.

Castors are to have the locking device engaged at all times when stationary
and only released for
the purpose of shifting location.

Personnel are not permitted to remain on the working platform when the
scaffold is being moved.

Planks are to be laid on uneven ground surfaces to allow the scaffold to

be moved smoothly
from one point to the next.

Where possible the mobile scaffold is to be tied to a building or structure when

stationary to restrict
movement

Access to the working platform shall only be gained via the ladder access
provided through the
centre of the scaffold.

Planks shall not span the working platforms of two mobile scaffolds unless
the mobile scaffold are
tied together with ledgers.
The maximum jacking adjustment on the castors shall not exceed 300mm.

i) Light Aluminium Alloy Frame

There are a number of patented designs of light aluminium alloy frame

mobile scaffolds on the
market. There is very little difference between brands and therefore a few
general safety precautions
cover the erection of these scaffolds.

i) Loading

The maximum load per platform unit shall not exceed 225kg. Not more than
two platform units shall
be loaded at any one time.

ii) Bracing

Two diagonal braces shall be provided to each longitudinal face between

adjacent frames. Horizontal
plan bracing shall be provided as near to the castors as possible, so that each
standard supported by a
castor is effectively braced.
 iii) Maximum Height of Working Platform

The height of the working platform shall not exceed two times the least base
measurement but in any
event the height of the working platform shall not exceed 9 meters.

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8.6 BIRDCAGE SCAFFOLDING.

a) Definition

Birdcage scaffolding consists of more than 2 rows of standard joined together

by ledgers, and transoms
or putlogs, and braced and tied to form a rigid stable structure. Birdcage
scaffolding is used to gain
access to ceilings and walls.

b) Bay Sizes
Heavy duty 1.8m x 1.5m
Medium duty 2.4m x 1.8m
Light duty 3.0m x 2.1m

c) Loadings

It is unlikely that birdcage scaffolding would ever require more than

one working platform to
be erected, as the most common application is for ceiling work. However,
should there be a need
for more than one working platform; it is permissible to erect a maximum
of two. One working
platform should not be loaded in excess of the following;

Heavy duty 625 kg.

Medium duty 430 kg.
Light duty 180 kg.

d) Bracing
Diagonal bracing is to be provided on all faces of the scaffold and where
necessary, internally to
ensure a rigid scaffold. Where a birdcage scaffold is erected within a
confined area, butt tubes
may be used in addition to, or in substitution of, other bracing or ties, if the
wall surface permits. In
some cases the ledgers and transoms can butt against the wall to give the
scaffold rigidity.

e) Working Platform

Except where access is provided, the working platform on a birdcage

scaffold is to be closely
planked at all times. There is to be no hit and miss with platform
planks as specified in
Occupational Health, Safety and Welfare Regulations.

If there are insufficient planks to closely plank the whole area of the working
platform then the area
not covered shall be guard railed at the open edge.
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METHOD STATEMENT
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f) Erection

Erection procedure for birdcage scaffolding shall follow that of independent

tube and fitting
scaffolding. All safety aspects outlined are to be observed.

It will be necessary in some applications of birdcage scaffolding to

provide an inclined working
platform. The maximum slope allowable before a stepped or terraced effect
is incorporated is 1:6.

Care must be taken to ensure the working platform planks are placed to run at
right angle to the grade.
This will eliminate any tendency for the planks to slide off the putlogs.
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METHOD STATEMENT
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8.7 CANTILEVER SCAFFOLDING.

a) Definition

A cantilever scaffolding is supported by large cantilevered beams

projecting from a building or
structure with an inboard restraint capable of withstanding a force at least 3
times the outboard load.

b) Bay Sizes

Heavy duty 1.8m x 1.5m

Medium duty 2.4m x 1.8m
Light duty 3.0m x 2.1m

c) Loadings

Not more than two working platforms are to be erected and fully loaded
per bay of scaffolding
supported by cantilevered beams.

One working platform is not to be loaded of the following;

Heavy duty 625 kg.

Medium duty 430 kg.
Light duty 180 kg.

d) Erection

All gear to be used I the erection of a cantilevered scaffold is to be laid out

nearly and sorted into
sizes for easy access. It will be necessary to erect general purpose bunting around
the work area and at ground
level beneath the work area to warn personnel of an overhead hazard. A sign must
be displayed prominently at
ground level stating Danger Men Working Above.

iii) Positioning Beams

The basis of all cantilever scaffolds is the needle beams and as such is critical
to the safe erection of
the scaffold.

The job safety analysis discussion between the licensed scaffolder and
supervisor should cover the
following points regarding the beams;

The dimension of the beam

The ability of the pivot point to support the combined forces of the inboard
and outboard The ability
of the inboard restraint to withstand three times the force of the load out
board The method to be
employed to eliminate any lateral movement from the beams

The first three points mentioned above require an Engineers verification.

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The beams are positioned the required distance apart according to the
standard spacings of the scaffold
and projected the required distance outboard from the building or structure.

The outboard distance is calculatd from the desired width of the working
platform plus the
clearance required from the building or structure to the working platform,
plus
200mm.
The inboard restraint toms are installed the required distance inboard and
tied together and welded
or bolted to the beam to prevent any movement.

On completion of the inboard restraint of the beams, the scaffold can be

erected on the projecting
portion of the needle. All work to be preformed on the outboard requires
the scaffolder to secure
his anti-fall lanyard to a secure anchorage.

iv) Erection of the Outboard

A minimum of two boards are to be laid on the needles to afford the

scaffolder a degree of comfort
when erecting the scaffold. The standards are to be located on base plates
welded to the beams at the
required spacing. Ledgers are to be erected as close to the base of the
standards as possible and
secured to the top flange of the beam with purpose made beam clamps. The
scaffold is erected as
for tube and fitting independent scaffolding with attention being paid to ties
and bracing.

e) Formula to Calculate Unknowns

Formula to calculate unknown:-

As we would always know the outboard specification of a cantilever

scaffold and it is
recommended that the inboard distance of the beams (pivot point to inboard
restraint) is three times
the outboard distance, the counterweight or onboard restraint is the
only calculation likely. The
following formula is used to find the unknowns:
CW x D d x 1 x 3

CW = inboard restraint d = outboard distance

D = inboard distance 1 = outboard load
3 = safety factor

When calculating the outboard load the mass of the components of the
scaffold must be considered
as they make up part of the load. The outboard distance is calculate as
the clearance from the
pivot point to the inside standard of the scaffold plus 2/3 the width of the
scaffold.

f) Access

A safe access is to be provided to the working platform. The ladders are to be

positioned through the
centre and all landings are to be fully decked and guard railed. All manholes
to facilitate the positioning
of ladder are to be guard railed and a swing gate installed.

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8.8 LIGHT DUTY SUSPENDED STAGES.

a) Definition

A light duty suspended stage means a working platform suspended from

overhead supports
and ;

The means of lowering or raising the stage, whether those means are operated
by hand or are power
driven
The overhead supports, attachments and tracks ; and
The means of suspension

b) Platforms

Although it is quite possible to construct a platform suitable for a light duty

suspended stage from
scaffold tube it is unlikely that it would be necessary. With the availability
of patented prefabricated
systems to the market, the task of erecting a suspended stage has
Page 26 of 32
METHOD STATEMENT
GENERAL PROJECT SCAFFOLDING WORKS

been simplified. This section of the Code of Practice will concentrate on

the prefabricated units.
Should the scaffolder be required to construct the working platform from
tube and fitting, approval
by SAS Accident Prevention Superintendent will be necessary.

There are a variety of platforms available, some single units and some
component assemblies
that allow the length of the platform to be varied. However, there are some
basic requirements that
apply to all platforms;

III) The platform is to be of rigid construction and neither more than

600mm nor less than
500mm wide.
IV) The platform is to have guard rails securely fixed around the outer
edges.
V) The platform is to have fender boards of not less than 100mm fitted to
all edges. VI)
SWL to be clearly displayed.

c) Overhead Supports

The overhead supports of a light duty suspended stage will vary with
individual job applications
but can basically be divided into two categories. They are ;

IV) Purpose made modular or scaffold tube overhead supports

V) Structure members of the building or structure

The over-riding requirement of any overhead support of a light duty

suspended stage is that it must
be able to withstand a force equivalent to three times the maximum load to
be suspended from such
overhead support

a) Purpose Made Modular Overhead Supports

Manufacturers of light duty suspended stages market the overhead supports

to suit there gear. Many
are telescopic which makes for easy transportation and have a locking
device to retain them at the
required extension.

The overhead supports must be prevented from moving laterally by being tied
together or in some
other way prevented from moving to the satisfaction of the Supervisor.

They must be counterbalanced by weight as follows:

Have a weight not less than 3 time the weight necessary to balance the weight
of the load on the
projecting part of the needle when the platform is fully loaded.

Are properly secured to the needle

Are of purpose made metal or similar approved material

Have their weight clearly stamped thereon

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METHOD STATEMENT
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c) Purpose Made Scaffold Tube Overhead Supports

Scaffold tube needle supports may take the form of a spurred needle
arrangement or a double
needle arrangement as show in figure 10. They are to be counterbalanced
as in figure 10 or tied to
the building or structure capable of withstanding three times the force likely to
be imposed.

d) Structural Members of the Building or Structure

Provided an Engineers evaluation has approved the use of structural

members of the building or
structure as overhead supports, it is acceptable to do so.

e) Inspection Prior to Use

Prior to any light duty suspended stage being put into service for the first
time or being put into
service after a substantial period of non use, the light duty suspended
stage shall be inspected and
tested by a SAS Accident Prevention Advisor.

f) Load Calculation

In order to have the correct counterweight inclusive of the safety factor,

it is necessary for the
scaffolder to be able to calculate the load outboard. The load shall be
calculated in the following
manner:

SWL of the platform

+ Mass of the platform
+ Mass of winches
+ Mass of wire and cables
= Total suspended load
+ 25% allowance for shock load
= Total outboard load

the total outboard load is divided by two to determine the outboard load per
needle.

f) Winches

There are numerous climbing winches available, each with their own special
features. Prior to any
climbing winch being put into service on prior approval must be obtained.

Features common to all climbing winches approved for use on site are: Drive
up,
drive down
SWL clearly displayed
Dead man button operation
Manual operation in the event of power failure
Automatic fall stop rope

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METHOD STATEMENT
GENERAL PROJECT SCAFFOLDING WORKS

g) Winch Ropes

Winch ropes are supplied with winches by the manufacturer and under no
circumstances should be
substituted for any other rope. The ropes are generally 8mm diameter, 6/24
or
6/31 steel core construction galvanized steel.

All the safety features of the climbing winch are to no avail should the rope
break so the correct
handling and inspection of the rope are critical.

The following procedures shall be observed to ensure the correct handling,

storage and inspection;

I) Store in a coil of approximately 400mm diameter tied at quarter points

with twine. II) Store
in an area free from moisture.
III) A rope register shall be kept in which regular rope inspections shall be
logged.
IV) The operator of the light duty suspended stage should observe the
rope when ascending
or descending and report to his supervisor, any signs of wear,
broken wires, kinks or bird
caging.
V) When suspended from overhead supports, the rope shall be anchored
to remain taut and
any excess coiled up.
VI) Ropes stores in coils shall be rolled out rather than pulled from the
middle as this will cause
the rope to kink and ultimately birdcage.

h) General Safety

All personnel required to work from the platform of a light duty suspended
stage shall wear at all
times, approved anti-fall protection secured to the guard rail.

The area shall be barricaded with general purpose bunting and a sign
displayed prominently
stating Danger Men Working Above.

9 INSPECTION

SCAFFOLDING CONSTRUCTION (SC) shall ensure that, at all time of handing

over, the scaffold

iii) Complies with any design drawing and /or specification for that
particular scaffold

iii) Complies with the requirements of statutory regulations and British

Standard

iii) Is adequate for the purpose of which it is intended

iii) Is stable and in safe condition

iii) Is marked to indicate its Safe Working Load mentioned in SCAFFTAG

iii) Has been thoroughly inspected by competent person

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METHOD STATEMENT
GENERAL PROJECT SCAFFOLDING WORKS

iv) The Hand-over Certificate has been signed and dated on behalf of
SCAFFOLDING
CONSTRUCTION (SC)

v) The scaffold must be inspected prior to dismantling. If the scaffold is

defective, it must be
made good before dismantling commences. Where alterations have
been made to the
scaffold during its working life. It is not safe to assume that
dismantling can be carried
out in sequence the reverse of that used during erection.

10 SCAFFTAG System

SCAFFTAGs allow an immediate visual indication of the condition of a

scaffold structure.
The system comprises:

A holder which fits over a scaffold tube and displays DO NOT

USE
SCAFFOLD in red on a white background.

Insert for the holder, one side white on green to indicate, when
showing, that the scaffold is
certified for use and giving details, the other side black on yellow to
indicate, when showing,
that the scaffold is under inspection and must not be used. An exact
duplicate of the insert is
retained in a SCAFFTAG rack in an appropriate location, e.g.
Authorities Office, Control
Room, etc.

NOTE: The only person authorized to fix or change a SCAFFTAG is a Scaffold

Inspector appointed
by SCAFFOLDING CONSTRUCTION (SC). Removal of a SCAFFTAG may be
carried out by the
Performing Authority where he is of the opinion that a scaffold is
unsuitable for its intended
application, in which case he shall remove the insert to display the
DO NOT USE
SCAFFOLD message and request VIC and/or Inspector to
rectify/recertify the scaffold. A
SCAFFTAG may also be removed by any person inform his supervisor for
remedial to be taken.
The client may remove any SCAFFTAG if he deems that area unsafe to work
any other reason not
attributed to the scaffold its self i. e. Gas Leeks area, Steam cleaning etc.

11 MODIFICATIONS
 Modifications to SCAFFTAG- certified scaffolds shall be undertaken only
by SCAFFOLDING
CONSTRUCTION (SC) with the authority of the worksite supervisor. After
a modification has
been made, inspection and recertification shall be carried out.

If unauthorized modifications are observed, they shall be reported to

be worksite supervisor
and the insert removed from the SCAFFTAG holder to reveal the DO NOT
USE SCAFFOLD
warning.

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12 HAZARDS DURING CONSTRUCTION, USE AND

DISMANTLING OF
SCAFFOLDS

All procedures and safety guidelines followed shall take into consideration the
following hazards.

iii) Faulty structural design or inadequate bracing

iii) Faulty materials of construction

iii) Overloading

iii) Deterioration of fixing or the materials of construction due to

damage or the weather

iii) Unauthorized alteration

iii) Impact from passing vehicles

iii) Failure of the scaffold structure when incomplete

iii) Scaffolding materials being dropped during handling

13 SAFETY SIGNS AND BARRIERS

Whenever a scaffold is incomplete, during construction, alteration or

dismantling all access points
must be barrier and marked by warning signs and notices to indicate that
scaffold is not safe for
general use.

The access area around a scaffold may need to be roped-off, to reduce the risk
of debris or equipment
falling on passer-by.

14 PRECAUTIONS DURING CONSTRUCTION AND DISMANTLING

All materials must be raised or lowered in an orderly manner, by hand or by

hoist. Small items should
be handled in secured bags or baskets. No items may be thrown or allowed to
fall.

No scaffolder shall work without a secure foothold and a secure handhold.

iii) Properly secured ladders shall be used for access to heights.

iii) No scaffolder shall work from a scaffold platform of less than three
scaffold boards all
properly supported.

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METHOD STATEMENT
GENERAL PROJECT SCAFFOLDING WORKS

iii) The method of work employed shall avoid unnecessary exposure of

scaffloders at heights.

iii) For exposed work at heights, scaffolders shall wear safety harnesses
and whenever practicable,
attach safety lanyards to a secure anchor point on an adjacent
structure.

15 REQUEST TO ERECT AND DISMANTLE BY USERS / CLIENT LEVEL

OF
URGENCY

i) Level 1: Required in one weeks time of later ii)

Level 2: Required in three days time
iii) Level 3: Required within one to two days iv)
Level 4: Required in a half a day
v) Level 5: Required immediately

16 COMPETENCE AND TRAINING

iii) Persons employed to erect, inspect, alter or dismantle scaffolds must be

competent and
experienced scaffolders.

iii) Scaffolding Supervisors and Foremen must be qualified from a

suitable scaffolding
qualification courses and must be experienced in
work with scaffolds.

iii) Training shall be provided by SCAFFOLDING CONSTRUCTION (SC)

Training Center that
provides training for scaffolders (tubes and fittings) based on British
Standards.
Page 32 of 32