ANSYS CFX-Pre

User's Guide

ANSYS CFX Release 11.0

December 2006
ANSYS, Inc.
Southpointe
275 Technology Drive
Canonsburg, PA 15317
[email protected]
http://www.ansys.com
(T) 724-746-3304
(F) 724-514-9494
 Copyright and Trademark Information
1996-2006 ANSYS Europe, Ltd. All rights reserved. Unauthorized use, distribution, or duplication is
prohibited.
ANSYS, ANSYS Workbench, AUTODYN, CFX, FLUENT and any and all ANSYS, Inc. brand, product, service
and feature names, logos and slogans are registered trademarks or trademarks of ANSYS, Inc. or its
subsidiaries located in the United States or other countries. ICEM CFD is a trademark used by ANSYS, Inc.
under license. CFX is a trademark of Sony Corporation in Japan. All other brand, product, service and
feature names or trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

Disclaimer Notice
THIS ANSYS SOFTWARE PRODUCT AND PROGRAM DOCUMENTATION INCLUDE TRADE SECRETS AND ARE
CONFIDENTIAL AND PROPRIETARY PRODUCTS OF ANSYS, INC., ITS SUBSIDIARIES, OR LICENSORS. The
software products and documentation are furnished by ANSYS, Inc., its subsidiaries, or affiliates under a
software license agreement that contains provisions concerning non-disclosure, copying, length and
nature of use, compliance with exporting laws, warranties, disclaimers, limitations of liability, and
remedies, and other provisions. The software products and documentation may be used, disclosed,
transferred, or copied only in accordance with the terms and conditions of that software license
agreement.
ANSYS, Inc. and ANSYS Europe, Ltd. are UL registered ISO 9001:2000 companies.

U.S. Government Rights

For U.S. Government users, except as specifically granted by the ANSYS, Inc. software license agreement,
the use, duplication, or disclosure by the United States Government is subject to restrictions stated in the
ANSYS, Inc. software license agreement and FAR 12.212 (for non DOD licenses).

Third-Party Software
See the online documentation in the product help files for the complete Legal Notice for ANSYS
proprietary software and third-party software. The ANSYS third-party software information is also
available via download from the Customer Portal on the ANSYS web page. If you are unable to access the
third-party legal notices, please contact ANSYS, Inc.
Published in the U.S.A.
Table of Contents
ANSYS CFX-Pre Basics

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
Modes of operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
General Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
Turbo Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
Quick Setup Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
Model Library Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
Related Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
Tutorial documents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
Starting ANSYS CFX-Pre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
Within ANSYS Workbench . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
Using ANSYS CFX Launcher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
Starting ANSYS CFX-Pre from the Command Line. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Working with the ANSYS CFX-Pre Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Viewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
ANSYS CFX-Pre Workspace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Main Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
ANSYS CFX-Pre File Types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
Physics Selector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
General considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Tree Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Physics Selector Pop-up Menu Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Keyboard Shortcuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Valid Syntax for Named Objects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Physics Checking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

Quick Setup Mode

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Starting a new simulation in Quick Setup Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
To start a new simulation in Quick Setup Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Switching to Quick Setup Mode during a simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Physics Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
Boundary Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
Final Operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

ANSYS CFX-Pre User's Guide Page v

Table of Contents: File Menu
File Menu

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
New Simulation command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
Open Simulation command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
Opening *.cfx (Case Files) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Opening *.def or *.res (Definition or Results Files). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Opening *.ccl (CCL Files) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Opening *.gtm (GTM Database Files) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Close command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Save Simulation command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Save Simulation As command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Import Mesh command. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Reload Mesh Files command. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Write Solver (.def) File command. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
Report Summary of Interface Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
Import CCL command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
Append or Replace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
Export CCL command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
Save all objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
Print command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
Recent Simulation Files submenu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
Recent CCL Files submenu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
Recent Session Files submenu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
Quit command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37

Edit Menu

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
Undo command. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
Redo command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
Options command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
Pre (ANSYS CFX-Pre Only). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
Post (ANSYS CFX-Post Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
Common. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44

ANSYS CFX-Pre/ANSYS CFX-Post Session Menu

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
Play Session command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
New Session command. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
Start Recording and Stop Recording commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51

ANSYS CFX-Pre and ANSYS CFX-Post Viewer

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53

Page vi ANSYS CFX-Pre User's Guide

 Table of Contents: Selecting, Importing and Transforming Meshes
Viewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53
Toolbar Icons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53
Viewer Hotkeys. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54
Camera Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
Multiple Viewports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56
Object Filtering (ANSYS CFX-Post only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56
The Viewer Main Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56
Viewing Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56
Picking Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57
Snap to Node Picking (ANSYS CFX-Pre only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57
Label and Marker Visibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57
Highlighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57
Perspective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57
Orthographic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57
Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57
Fit View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58
Restore Camera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58
New Camera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58
Save Camera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58
Delete Camera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58
Camera Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58
Clipping Planes (ANSYS CFX-Post only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58
Boundary Markers and Labels (ANSYS CFX-Pre only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58

Selecting, Importing and Transforming Meshes

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59
Mesh Topology in ANSYS CFX-Pre. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60
Assemblies, Primitive Regions and Composite Regions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60
Domain and Subdomain Locations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61
Boundary Condition and Domain Interface Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61
Default Boundary Treatment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62
Automatic Creation and Treatment of Domain Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62
Importing Multidomain Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62
Mesh Workspace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62
Import, Transform, Delete and Render Options Icons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63
Mesh Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63
Mesh Selector Pop-up Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63
Mesh Import Editor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64
Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64
Advanced Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
Mesh Transformation Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76
Target Assemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76
Reference Coord Frame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76
Transformation: Rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77
Transformation: Translation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77
Transformation: Scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78
Transformation: Reflection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78
Multiple Copies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79
Render Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79
Render Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80
Render Options - Multiple 2D Regions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81
Advanced Topic: cfx5gtmconvert application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81

ANSYS CFX-Pre User's Guide Page vii

Table of Contents: Selecting, Editing and Creating Composite Regions
Selecting, Editing and Creating Composite Regions

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83
Region Selector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83
Region Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84
Union . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85
Alias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85
Applications of the Composite Regions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85

Additional Variables

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87
User Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87
Create Additional Variable dialog box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88
Additional Variable: Basic Settings tab. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88
Domain: Fluid Models and Fluid Details tabs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88
Boundary Condition: Boundary Details and Fluid Values tabs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91
Creating an Additional Variable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .92

Materials and Reactions

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93
Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93
Create/Edit/Duplicate/Delete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .94
Loading Library Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .94
Library Materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .94
Materials Editor: Common Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95
Materials Editor: Pure Substance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97
Materials Editor: Fixed Composition Mixture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Materials Editor: Variable Composition Mixture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Materials Editor: Homogeneous Binary Mixture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Materials Editor: Reacting Mixture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Materials Editor: Hydrocarbon Fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Reactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Reactions Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

Expressions

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Expression Editor Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Plot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Evaluate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Creating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Modifying. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Importing or Exporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Exporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Importing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112

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 Table of Contents: User Functions
User Functions

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
User Function Editor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Interpolation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
User CEL Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

User Routines

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
User Routine Editor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
User CEL Routine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Junction Box Routine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Particle User Routine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

Units And Dimensions

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Units Syntax. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Using Units in ANSYS CFX-Pre. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
ANSYS CFX Commonly Used Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Defining your Own Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Solution Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

Coordinate Frames

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
User Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Create Coord Frame dialog box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Edit Coordinate Frame: Basic Settings tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Working With Coordinate Frames . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
To Create a New Coordinate Frame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130

Simulation Type

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Editing Simulation Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Basic Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

Domains

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Creating New Domains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
The Domain Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Using Multiple Domains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Multiple Fluid Domains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Multiple Solid Domains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

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Table of Contents: Sub Domains
User Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
General Options tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Porosity Settings tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Fluid Models tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Musig Fluid tab. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Fluid Details tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Fluid Pairs tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Solid Models tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Particle Injection Regions tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Initialisation tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

Sub Domains

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Creating New Subdomains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
The Subdomains Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
Basic Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
Coord Frame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Single-phase Fluid Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Multiphase Bulk Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Solid Sources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Fluid Sources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
Particle Absorption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
Mesh Motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160

Source Points

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Basic Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
Single-phase Fluid Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
Multiphase Bulk Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
Fluid Sources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Sources in Solid Domains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Source Points and Mesh Deformation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164

Boundary Conditions

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
Displaying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
Creating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Modifying. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Defaults. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Fluid-solid regions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Internal 2D regions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168

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 Table of Contents: Domain Interfaces
Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Boundary Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Basic Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Profile Data and CEL Functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Boundary Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
Boundary Details: Inlet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
Boundary Details: Outlet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
Boundary Details: Opening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
Boundary Details: Wall. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Boundary Details: Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
Symmetry Boundary Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Fluid Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
Fluid Values: Inlet/Opening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
Fluid Values: Outlet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
Fluid Values: Wall. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
Fluid Values: Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
Boundary Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Single-phase Fluid Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Mesh Motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Plot Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
Boundary Contour. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
Boundary Vector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186

Domain Interfaces

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Applications of Domain Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Connect domains or assemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Model changes in reference frame between domains. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
Create periodic interfaces between regions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
Creating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
Basic Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
Interface Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
Modifying. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
Working with Fluid-Fluid, Fluid-Porous and Porous-Porous Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
Defining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
Working with Fluid Solid, Porous Solid and Solid Solid Interfaces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Defining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Working with Periodic Interfaces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Defining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192

Initialisation

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
User Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Global Initialisation: Global Settings and Fluid Settings tabs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Domain: Initialisation tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199

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Table of Contents: Mesh Adaption
Mesh Adaption

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
Creating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Basic Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Basic Mesh Adaption Parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
Advanced Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Advanced Mesh Adaption Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206

Solver Control

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
Basic Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
Basic Settings tab: Common . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
Basic Settings tab: Steady State Simulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
Basic Settings tab: Transient Simulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
Equation Class Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
Advanced Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
Advanced Options tab. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
Further Advice on Setting Solver Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213

Output Control

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
User Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
Results tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
Backup Results tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
Transient Results tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
Transient Statistics tab. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
Monitor tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
Particle Data tab. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
Export Results tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
Common Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
Working with Output Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
Working with Transient Statistics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
Working with Monitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
Working With Export Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231

Expert Control Parameters

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
Modifying. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
Discretisation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
Linear Solver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
I/O Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
Convergence Control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
Physical Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234

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 Table of Contents: Turbo Mode
Model Overrides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234

Turbo Mode

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
Turbo Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
Starting a new simulation in Turbo Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
Switching to Turbo Mode during a simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
Basic Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
Axis Visibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
Axes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
Component Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
Component Selector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
Rotation Rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
Mesh File. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
Mesh Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
Region Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
Passages and Alignment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
Physics Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
Simulation Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
Model Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
Solver Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
Interface Definition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
Boundary Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
Flow Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
Final Operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241

Library Objects

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
Library Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
Cavitating Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
Boiling Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
Multigrey Radiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
Comfort Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245

Command Editor

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
User Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
Command Editor dialog box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
Using the Command Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
General Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
Editing an Existing Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
Performing Actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
Using Power Syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248

ANSYS CFX-Pre User's Guide Page xiii

Table of Contents: Command Editor

Page xiv ANSYS CFX-Pre User's Guide

ANSYS CFX-Pre Basics

Introduction
This chapter describes:
Modes of Operation (p. 2)
Starting ANSYS CFX-Pre (p. 3)
Working with the ANSYS CFX-Pre Interface (p. 5)
Outline Tree View (p. 11)

ANSYS CFX-Pre is the physics definition pre-processor for ANSYS CFX. It is used to import
meshes produced in a variety of mesh generation software packages and to select physical
models used in the CFD simulation. For details, see Physical Models (p. 2 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Related Documentation:
Frequently Asked Questions (p. 881 in "ANSYS CFX Reference Guide")
ANSYS CFX Tutorials - If you want to start using ANSYS CFX-Pre immediately, refer to the
first three ANSYS CFX tutorials.

ANSYS CFX-Pre User's Guide Page 1

ANSYS CFX Release 11.0. 1996-2006 ANSYS Europe, Ltd. All rights reserved.
Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates.
ANSYS CFX-Pre Basics: Modes of Operation

Modes of Operation
ANSYS CFX-Pre has four different modes of operations, available when a new simulation is
created:
Figure 1 The New Simulation Dialog Box

More details are available on each mode of operation:

General Mode (p. 2)
Turbomachinery Mode (p. 2)
Quick Setup Mode (p. 2)
Library Template Mode (p. 3)

General Mode
The general purpose mode for defining all types of CFD simulation. This mode uses the
general ANSYS CFX-Pre interface and features the tree view. For more details on these, see
Working with the ANSYS CFX-Pre Interface (p. 5) and Outline Tree View (p. 11).

Turbomachinery Mode
A customized mode for defining turbomachinery simulations. For details, see
Turbomachinery Mode (p. 241).

Quick Setup Mode

A simple way to create basic CFD simulations, limited to single domain and single phase
problems. For details, see Quick Setup Mode (p. 19).

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 ANSYS CFX-Pre Basics: Starting ANSYS CFX-Pre

Library Template Mode

A set of library files are available with templates for specific physical problem definitions. By
loading a template file, importing a mesh and defining specific problem data a complex
physics problem can be easily defined. For details, see Library Objects (p. 249).

Starting ANSYS CFX-Pre

When starting ANSYS CFX-Pre for the first time, the default system font is obtained and if it
is deemed inappropriate for ANSYS CFX-Pre, a dialog box to choose a new font appears.
When a new font is selected, it is stored for future sessions. For details, see Appearance
(p. 40).
ANSYS CFX-Pre can be started in different ways.
Within ANSYS Workbench (p. 3)
Using CFX Launcher (p. 3)
Starting ANSYS CFX-Pre from the Command Line (p. 3)

Within ANSYS Workbench

To start ANSYS CFX-Pre in Workbench, you can do any of the following:
Choose the Advanced CFD option on the Start Page.
The Start Page appears when Workbench starts and no project is open.
On the Project Page, choose New Simulation.
The New Simulation dialog box (see Figure 1) appears.
On the Project Page, choose Start CFX-Pre.

Using CFX Launcher

To start ANSYS CFX-Pre from the CFX Launcher, set the working directory, and then click
CFX-Pre 11.0.

Starting ANSYS CFX-Pre from the Command Line

ANSYS CFX-Pre can be started from the command line by executing:
<CFXROOT>/bin/cfx5pre
There are a number of optional command line flags, some of which are summarized in the
following table..

ANSYS CFX-Pre User's Guide. ANSYS CFX Release 11.0. 1996-2006 ANSYS Europe, Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 3
Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates.
ANSYS CFX-Pre Basics: Starting ANSYS CFX-Pre

Argument Alternative Usage

form
-batch Starts ANSYS CFX-Pre in batch mode, running the session file
<filename.pre> you enter as an argument.
-display -d Displays the graphical user interface on the X11 server
<display> <display> instead of using the X11 server defined by the
DISPLAY environment variable.
-gui Starts ANSYS CFX-Pre in graphical user interface (GUI) mode.
This is the default mode.
-line Starts ANSYS CFX-Pre in line interface mode.
-graphics ogl -gr ogl Specifies the graphics system as ogl or mesa. ogl is the default.
-graphics mesa -gr mesa
-def <file> Loads the named definition file after starting.
-session -s
<file>
-cfx <file> Loads the named case file after starting.
-verbose -v Specifying this option may result in additional output being
sent to the standard output.

To view a full list of command line flags, execute:

cfx5pre -help

Page 4 ANSYS CFX-Pre User's Guide. ANSYS CFX Release 11.0. 1996-2006 ANSYS Europe, Ltd. All rights reserved.
Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates.
 ANSYS CFX-Pre Basics: Working with the ANSYS CFX-Pre Interface

Working with the ANSYS CFX-Pre Interface

ANSYS CFX-Pre has a modern Graphical User Interface to allow the easy definition of a
simulation. The main components are the viewer (to display and manipulate meshes), the
workspaces (to define different aspects of the physics setup) and the menus and tool bars
(access to extra tools and utilities).
Figure 2 Sample ANSYS CFX-Pre Interface

Viewer
The viewer displays imported meshes and allows manipulations and transformations to be
viewed. Information about boundary conditions, domains, point sources, etc., is also
displayed, and items can be picked directly from the Viewer.
ANSYS CFX-Pre uses the same viewer as ANSYS CFX-Post. Information on the generic ANSYS
CFX-Pre/ANSYS CFX-Post viewer is available. For details, see ANSYS CFX-Pre and ANSYS
CFX-Post 3D Viewer (p. 47). Many aspects of the viewer appearance can also be customized.
For details, see ANSYS CFX-Pre, ANSYS CFX-Solver Manager, and ANSYS CFX-Post Edit
Menus (p. 33).

ANSYS CFX-Pre Workspace

The ANSYS CFX-Pre workspace contains a tree view as well as various details views which are
used during the specification of physics, mesh import and transformation, regions,
materials and expressions.

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Outline The Outline tab displays the tree view, which shows a summary of the current physics
definition for a simulation. The tree structure displayed reflects the structure used in the CFX
Command Language (CCL) for physics definition. You can select any object in the tree and
double-click to gain direct access to the appropriate tab to edit its settings. You can right
click an object and display the CCL definition of an object in the Command Editor dialog
box, where it can be edited.
A powerful feature of ANSYS CFX-Pre is automatic physics checking. Objects that contain
inconsistent or incorrect settings are highlighted in red. Detailed error messages are shown
in the physics validation summary window.
For details, see Outline Tree View (p. 11).
For details, see Physics Checking (p. 15).

Mesh
All mesh operations in ANSYS CFX-Pre can be accessed here. This includes mesh import,
mesh transformations and the render/visibility properties of meshes in the viewer. Meshes
generated in many other mesh generation packages can be imported into ANSYS CFX-Pre.
For details, see Importing and Transforming Meshes (p. 61).

Solver
The solution units, solver control and output control can be defined and edited in this area.
For details, refer to the following sections:
Solution Units (p. 134)
Solver Control (p. 213)
Output Control (p. 219)

Materials / Reactions
This section of the tree view is used to create, edit and view materials and reactions. Many
different material types can be defined, edited or imported. Specialist materials and
reactions can be imported from external files, such as the RGP (Real Gas Properties) file and
Flamelet reaction files.
For details, see Materials and Reactions (p. 101).

Expressions, Functions and Variables

Used to create, edit and plot expressions, user functions, user routines and additional
variables. For details, refer to the following sections:
Additional Variables (p. 93)
Expressions (p. 115)
User Functions (p. 121)
User Routines (p. 127)

Main Menu
File Menu The File menu provides access to file operations including opening and saving simulations,
as well as importing or exporting CCL. For details, see File Menu (p. 23).
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Edit Menu The Edit menu allows you to change the default options used by ANSYS CFX and undo/redo
actions. For details, see ANSYS CFX-Pre, ANSYS CFX-Solver Manager, and ANSYS CFX-Post
Edit Menus (p. 33).

Session Menu The Session menu controls the recording and playing of session files. Session files are used
to record a set of operations. You can then play back a session file to quickly reproduce the
same operations. For details, see ANSYS CFX-Pre and ANSYS CFX-Post Session Menus (p. 43).

Insert Menu The Insert menu allows you to create new objects such as domains or boundary conditions,
or edit existing objects of that type.
The settings specified in the various Insert menu panels correspond to all the data
displayed in the tree view. The following objects can be defined:

Composite Region / Primitive Region

Composite regions can be created from basic primitive regions that are imported with a
mesh. The Regions details view supports union and alias operations. This allows you to
manipulate existing 2D and 3D regions without returning to the mesh generation software
package. The creation of new regions is limited by the topology of the existing primitive
regions; therefore, you must still create appropriate regions in the mesh generation
software package.
You can specify physics on either a primitive region, a composite region or a mixture of both.
For details, see Regions (p. 87).

Coordinate Frame
Used to create and edit coordinate frames. A Cartesian coordinate frame exists by default,
but other Cartesian or cylindrical coordinate frames can be made. For details, see
Coordinate Frames (p. 135). For details, see Coordinate Frames (p. 22 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide").

Simulation Type
Used to specify a steady-state or a transient simulation. Steady-state simulations are used to
model flows that do not change over time, while transient simulations model flows that are
time dependent. For details, see Simulation Type (p. 139).

Domain
Used to create new fluid and solid domains. These are the bounding volumes within which
your CFD simulation is performed. You can create many domains in ANSYS CFX-Pre and
each can be stationary or rotate at its own rate, using different mesh element types. For
details, see Domains (p. 143).

Subdomain
Subdomains are volumes within a domain used to create volumetric sources. For details, see
Sub Domains (p. 165).

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Source Point
Source points allow you to create sources of quantities at a point location. For details, see
Source Points (p. 171).

Boundary Condition
Boundary conditions are used to set the conditions on the external boundaries of a domain
and to define internal thin walls. In ANSYS CFX-Pre, boundary conditions are applied to
existing 2D mesh regions. For details, see Boundary Conditions (p. 175).

Domain Interface
A domain interface is used to connect fluid domains together. If a frame change occurs
across the interface, you have the choice of using a frozen rotor, stage or transient
rotor-stator model to account for the frame change. You can also take advantage of domain
interfaces to produce periodic connections between dissimilar meshes. For details, see
Domain Interfaces (p. 191).

Global Initialization
The initialization forms are used to set values or expressions for the global initial conditions
(across all domains). Domain specific initialization is set through the domain forms. In
ANSYS CFX-Pre, you can set linearly varying conditions from inlet to outlet using the
initialization forms. For details, see Initialization (p. 197).

Material / Reaction
Used to create and modify materials and reactions. For details, see Materials and Reactions
(p. 101).

Additional Variable
Used to create and modify additional solution variables. For details, see Additional Variables
(p. 93).

Expression
Create and generate expressions using the ANSYS CFX Expression Language (CEL). For
details, see Expressions (p. 115).

User Function
Can be used to create 1D and cloud of points interpolation functions. The interpolation
functions are typically used to set boundary and initialization values in addition to profile
data interpolation functions. For details, see User Functions (p. 121).

User Routine
Create User CEL, Junction Box and Particle User Routines. For details, see User Routines
(p. 127).

Solution Units
Sets the solution units used by the ANSYS CFX-Solver. These are the units that your results
will appear in. For details, see Units And Dimensions (p. 131).

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Solver Control
The solver parameters control the execution of the ANSYS CFX-Solver. This includes
timestep and convergence details, as well as the choice of advection scheme. For details, see
Solver Control (p. 213).

Output Control
This controls output from the ANSYS CFX-Solver, including backup and transient results file
creation. For details, see Output Control (p. 219).

Mesh Adaption
These forms are used to control if and how the mesh will be automatically refined during the
solution. This technique can be used to refine the mesh to a particular flow feature whose
location is unknown prior to starting the simulation, such as a shock wave. For details, see
Mesh Adaption (p. 205).

Expert Parameter
These parameters provide advanced control of the ANSYS CFX-Solver. For most simulations,
you do not need to use expert parameters. For details, see Expert Control Parameters
(p. 239).

Tools Menu Command Editor

The Command Editor dialog box is used to display and edit the CCL definition of objects,
as well as issue commands directly to ANSYS CFX-Pre. For details, see Command Editor
Dialog Box (p. 253).

Initialize Profile Data

Import data from a file to use a profile boundary condition. For details, see Initializing Profile
Data (p. 178).

Macro Calculator
The macro calculator in ANSYS CFX-Pre is very similar to the one in ANSYS CFX-Post. For
details, see Macro Calculator (p. 136 in "ANSYS CFX-Post User's Guide"). There are some
minor differences between the two, however. For instance, an additional widget type,
Location, is available in the ANSYS CFX-Pre macro calculator. This allows the selection of
mesh regions within the macro. An example of how to use this widget type is:
# Macro GUI begin
#
# macro name = StaticMixer
# macro subroutine = test
# macro report file = test_report.html
#
# macro parameter = Domain Location
# type = Location
# value list = 3d composites, 3d primitives
#
A number of standard lists are available for this widget. The valid value list entries are as
follows:
2d primitives / 3d primitives: all primitive 2D and 3D regions for the model
internal 2d primitives: all primitive 2D regions that are internal to the model

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composites: all composite regions
2d composites / 3d composites: all 2D and 3D composite regions
assemblies: all assemblies

Also, predefined macros are not supplied for ANSYS CFX-Pre as they are in ANSYS CFX-Post.
For details, see Predefined Macros (p. 136 in "ANSYS CFX-Post User's Guide").

Start Solver Manager / Start CFX-Post

Available in Standalone mode, these commands immediately load ANSYS CFX-Solver
Manager or ANSYS CFX-Post. When using ANSYS Workbench, clicking the CFX-Solver or
CFX-Post tab at the bottom performs the same task.

Quick Setup Mode

Quick Setup Mode is used to quickly specify cases that involve simple physics. For details,
see Quick Setup Mode (p. 19).

Turbo Mode
Set up certain turbomachinery cases quickly and easily using Turbo mode. For details, see
Turbomachinery Mode (p. 241).

Help Menu The Help menu provides access to the ANSYS CFX online help. You can access commonly
used help pages directly including the Master Contents and the global search facility.

Toolbar
The toolbar provides quick access to commonly used menu items. The toolbar contains the
most common menu items and viewer controls. Holding the mouse pointer over a toolbar
icon for short periods of time will display the icons function.

ANSYS CFX-Pre File Types

This section describes the file types used and produced by ANSYS CFX-Pre. An overview of
the files used throughout ANSYS CFX is available. For details, see ANSYS CFX File Types (p. 11
in "ANSYS CFX Introduction").

Case Files (*.cfx) The case file contains the physics data, region and mesh information for the simulation and
is used by ANSYS CFX-Pre as the 'database' for the simulation setup. The case file is
generated when you save a simulation in ANSYS CFX-Pre. To re-open a simulation, select
File > Open Simulation and pick a case file to open.
When you import a mesh into ANSYS CFX-Pre, it passes through an import filter and is stored
as part of the case file. Therefore, once a mesh has been imported, the original mesh file is
not required by ANSYS CFX-Pre. Additional information on importing meshes is available.
For details, see Importing Meshes (p. 62).
The case file is a binary file and cannot be directly edited.
You can open simulations on any supported platform, regardless of the platform on which
they were created.

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Solver Files An ANSYS CFX-Solver (or definition) file contains the specification for the whole simulation,
(*.def) including the geometry, surface mesh, boundary conditions, fluid properties, solver
parameters and any initial values. It is created by ANSYS CFX-Pre and used as input to the
ANSYS CFX-Solver. A definition file should be written from ANSYS CFX-Pre when you have
finished the simulation setup. The file is then used by the ANSYS CFX-Solver to start the
solution of the simulation.
You can load a definition file back into ANSYS CFX-Pre to recreate a simulation. Definition
files from ANSYS CFX, Release 11.0 and previous releases of ANSYS CFX can be loaded into
ANSYS CFX-Pre, although the physics definition may have to be updated for such files. For
details, see Physics Errors from Old .def/.res Files (p. 16).

Session Files Session files are used by ANSYS CFX-Pre to record CFX Command Language (CCL)
(*.pre) commands executed during a session. The commands can be played back at a later date to
reproduce the session. These files are in ASCII format and can be edited or written in a text
editor. For details, see New Session Command (p. 44).

Mesh Files There are many types of mesh files that can be imported into ANSYS CFX-Pre. For details, see
Supported Mesh File Types (p. 63).

CCL Files (*.ccl) ANSYS CFX CCL files are used by ANSYS CFX-Pre to save CFX Command Language (CCL)
statements. CCL files differ from session files in that only a snap-shot of the current state is
saved to a file. These files are in ASCII format and can be edited or written in a text editor.
The CCL statements stored in these files replace or append the existing CCL data, depending
on the option chosen.
For details, see Import CCL Command (p. 28).
For details, see Append or Replace (p. 28).

Results Files ANSYS CFX results files can be read into ANSYS CFX-Pre in the same way as a CCL file. The
(*.res) CCL is extracted from the results file and the mesh data is written to a .gtm file.

Note: ANSYS CFX results files can also be used to import a ANSYS CFX mesh.

Outline Tree View

The Outline tree view displays a summary of the physics that have been defined for the
simulation. The tree view window initially contains a default list of objects in a tree format.
Various commands are available when working with the tree view, most of which are
described in Outline Tree View Shortcut Menu Commands (p. 12).
The following topics are also discussed in this section:
General Considerations (p. 14)
Tree Structure (p. 14)
Keyboard Shortcuts (p. 15)
Valid Syntax for Named Objects (p. 15)
Physics Checking (p. 15)

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Outline Tree View Shortcut Menu Commands

Double-clicking on an object performs the default action for that object. This action is
shown in bold in the shortcut menu. Right-clicking on any object in the tree view displays a
shortcut menu. Shortcut menu command descriptions follow:

Automatic This command toggles automatic default domains. For details, see ANSYS CFX-Pre Options
Default Domain (p. 34).

Automatic This command toggles automatic default interfaces. For details, see ANSYS CFX-Pre Options
Default (p. 34).
Interfaces

Copy The Copy command is usually combined with Paste (p. 13) to quickly replicate objects.

Delete This command deletes the selected object. The physics for the simulation is checked after
objects are deleted. Objects containing invalid parameters are highlighted in red in the tree
view.

Duplicate The Duplicate command copies the definition of the selected object to a new one. You will
be required to enter a name for the duplicated object, which will then be created at the
same level (i.e., for a boundary condition, the new boundary will be created in the same
domain as the initial object).

Edit Selecting this option will open the relevant tab where new parameters for the object can be
entered. In most cases, you can also edit an object by double-clicking it in the tree view.

Edit In The Edit In Command Editor command opens the Command Editor dialog box and
Command displays the CCL definition for the highlighted object. You can edit the CCL directly to
Editor
change the object definition. For details, see Command Editor Dialog Box (p. 253).

Export CCL This command opens the Export CCL dialog box, which is similar to the dialog box described
in Export Region Data (p. 12).

Export Region This command opens the Export Region CCL dialog box, used to save the region data to a
Data .ccl file.

Hide For details, see Show/Hide (p. 13).

Import CCL This command opens the Import CCL dialog box, which is similar to the dialog box
described in Import Region Data (p. 13).

Import Mesh Selecting this command opens the Import Mesh dialog box. This is used to import a new
mesh using an appropriate file. For details, see Importing Meshes (p. 62).

Import Library This command, available from the Materials branch in the tree view, is used to add a new
Data material to the simulation. Examples of such a material include Methanol CH4O, Rubber,
Water at 25 C, and many more.

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Import Region This command opens the Import Region CCL dialog box. This is used to load region data
Data from a .ccl file.

Insert Various commands are available depending on which object is selected. It is worth noting
that all of the options available here can also be accessed from the Insert menu. For details,
see Insert Menu (p. 7).

Mesh Statistics This command opens the Mesh Statistics dialog box and provides a detailed information
about the active mesh. The Mesh Statistics dialog box can be invoked for one or more
assemblies and/or primitive 3D/2D regions. The data displayed includes the number of
nodes, elements, the number of each element type, and physical extents of the mesh. The
Maximum Edge Length Ratio is also calculated.

Paste The Paste command is available when you have already used the Copy (p. 12) feature on an
object.
To avoid producing objects with the same name, you are prompted to provide a name when
you paste the new object. For objects that contain a location parameter (e.g., domains and
boundary conditions), you will usually need to edit the new object after pasting it to avoid
multiple objects that reference the same location.
If you are pasting a domain object, then you will need to edit each child object in the domain
that references a location. For example, you will need to change the locations that boundary
conditions reference so that they point to locations in the new domain. You can simply
delete a default domain boundary in this situation; this will allow ANSYS CFX-Pre to create a
new default boundary for the domain that references the correct locations.

Rename Changes the selected objects name.

Render This option allows you to change the appearance of almost any object. For example, a
boundary condition or domain interface can be displayed with a solid color, the
transparency of a domain can be altered, and so on.

Reload Mesh If any of the mesh regions become corrupted or are accidentally deleted, selecting Reload
Files Mesh Files will reload all mesh files used in the simulation. This command cannot be used
to insert a new mesh; do to so, select Import Mesh. For details, see Reload Mesh Files
Command (p. 26).

Report Interface This command invokes a message box that shows a summary of the interfaces and their
Summary types.
For details, see Mesh Connection Options (p. 144 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Show/Hide Selecting this option makes the active object either visible (Show) or invisible (Hide) in the
viewer. Show and Hide have the same respective effects as selecting and clearing the check
box next to a specific object in the tree view.

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Transform Mesh The Transform Mesh command opens the Mesh Transformation Editor dialog box,
allowing you to modify the location of the active mesh through rotation, translation, or
reflection. The mesh can also be resized using a scaling method. For details, see Transform
Mesh Command (p. 76).

Use as DX Available when an expression is selected, this command allows the expression to be used as
Parameter a DX parameter.

View as CCL This command opens a dialog box which shows the CCL structure of the selected object in
Tree detail. If a parent object (such as a domain) is selected, its children (i.e., boundary conditions)
will appear in the tree and they will also display their own CCL structure.

View By This command, available for the Mesh object, opens a new tab that presents a detailed mesh
information in one of two ways. Selecting View By > Source File displays the mesh regions
based on the mesh file provided, whereas View By > Region Type organizes the areas of
the mesh based on the defined 2D regions.

Write Solver File This has the same effect as clicking Write Solver File or selecting File > Write Solver File
from the main menu. For details, see Write Solver File Command (p. 27).

General Considerations
When working with the tree view, consider the following:
New objects are displayed in the tree as they are created.
Clicking on any object which is applied to a region will highlight that region in the
viewer when highlighting is enabled.
For details, see Toolbar (p. 48).
Objects shown in red contain incorrect physics definitions.
The Physics Validation Summary provides more detailed error messages. For details, see
Physics Checking (p. 15).
You may right-click on an object (or group selection of objects) to display the shortcut
menu.
For details, see Outline Tree View Shortcut Menu Commands (p. 12).

Tree Structure
The tree structure displayed in the tree view reflects the structure used in the CFX Command
Language (CCL) for physics definition. The data is split into 2 main branches. The first branch
is called Mesh and contains the mesh data, while the second branch, Simulation, is split
further into several sections:
The first section has no heading and appears directly underneath Simulation. This
section contains the definition of the simulation, in terms of flow domain, boundaries,
etc. Each new domain that is created forms a new branch on the tree in this section.
Objects that are specific to each domain, such as boundary objects and fluid models,
appear under their respective branch. Objects such as simulation type and solution
units also appear in this section, under the Simulation branch itself, since they are not
confined to any specific domain.

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Solver contains the solution units, solver control and output control for the simulation.
These are typically set at the end of a simulation setup, after the domain settings have
been applied.
The Materials and Reactions branches contain any material (fluid and solid)
definitions and reaction definitions.
The Expressions, Functions and Variables branch contains all the additional
variables, expression definitions, user functions, and user routines used in the
simulation. Each subheading in Expressions, Functions and Variables forms its
own tree structure, which can expand to display all elements of that specific type (e.g.,
Expressions will display all the defined expressions).

Keyboard Shortcuts
Find Typing <Ctrl>+F activates the search facility, which can be used to quickly locate an item in
the tree. Type the name of the object you wish to find in the text box. You should note that
the search is case-sensitive.

Delete Pressing the delete key on a highlighted object will have the same effect as using the delete
icon.

Valid Syntax for Named Objects

Any of the following characters are allowed to name new objects in ANSYS CFX-Pre:
A-Z a-z 0-9 <space>. However, the first character must be A-Z or a-z. Multiple spaces
are treated as single space characters, and spaces at the end of a name are ignored.
In general, object names must be unique within the physics setup.

Physics Checking
As you work through your simulation, ANSYS CFX-Pre continually checks the physics
definitions you have specified. Whenever an action is carried out, the physics validator runs
a check on the CCL definitions of all the objects created up to that point. Physics checking is
carried out by comparing the current CCL data against library files such as RULES,
VARIABLES and PHYSICS which are known to contain only valid physics specifications. If an
inconsistency is found in the physics, the object with associated error(s) is highlighted in red
text in the tree view.
In addition to object name highlighting, the physics validation window displays all error
types in the simulation: global errors, physics errors and expression errors. The output in this
window gives an explanation of each of the detected errors. Double-clicking on a red item
or a maroon item (an expression error) in the physics validation window will take you to the
correct place in order to edit the object.
Global errors apply to the entire simulation and show errors that are not specific physics
errors. Often these errors show required objects that need to be defined to complete the
simulation (e.g., initial conditions or a domain). They also show invalid referencing of
regions in a simulation. In some cases, the global errors offer a suggestion rather than being

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a definite error. For example, if you have created two valid boundary conditions on one
region, a global error will be shown (despite the fact that the physics for both boundary
conditions may be correct) since you cannot specify more than one boundary condition on
any given surface.
Physics errors (highlighted in red) involve an incorrect application of physics.
Global errors appear in blue text.
Specific physics errors appear in red text. You can double-click on these to edit the
object containing the error.
There are two common situations when you are likely to encounter physics errors:
1. ANSYS CFX-Pre defines some objects, such as the Solver Control settings, by default. If
you create a new object that is not compatible with the default objects settings, the
physics validation summary window will show errors in the default object. This occurs
when creating a solid domain since the default Solver Control settings do not contain
a solid time scale. These errors will disappear when you define the Solver Control
settings.
2. When changing the physics of an existing model. There are many instances where you
might want to change the description of your simulation. One particular situation is
when you want to use the values in a results file as the initial field for another run with
different physics.
When a domain is modified, perhaps with new model options, you will receive errors or
warnings in the physics validation summary window if existing boundary conditions,
initialization, solver control, etc., need to be revisited and updated. This happens, for
example, when the turbulence model is changed from the laminar model to the k-
model and the boundary conditions for the laminar case do not contain turbulence data
(e.g., at an Inlet). You should fix any such errors before writing a definition file.
You should update boundary conditions if the number of additional variables has been
increased, or if the units for additional variable specifications have been changed.
If the simulation is setup correctly, there will not be any physics error when you are ready to
write the definition file.

Physics Errors When you load definition/results files from previous versions of ANSYS CFX, you may receive
from Old error messages, despite the fact that the files can be run in the ANSYS CFX-Solver. This is due
.def/.res Files
to differences in the previous definition files. In ANSYS CFX-Pre, a more strict approach to
CCL structure and content has been implemented to ensure the integrity of the CCL made
available to the ANSYS CFX-Solver.
ANSYS CFX-Pre performs some automatic updates when opening definition or results files
from previous versions of ANSYS CFX.

Auto Fix Right-clicking on an error message in the physics validation summary window will attempt
to correct inconsistent physics automatically. In many cases, you will find that this fixes the
problem without a need to change any settings on the form. Alternatively, you can edit the
object manually in ANSYS CFX-Pre.

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Viewing the type of error before performing auto fix is strongly recommended. For example,
auto fix cannot fix a domain with an incorrectly specified location. In effect, auto fix opens
the default layout of the panel and performs an apply. If you are unsure about auto fix, you
should subsequently open the form and verify that the settings are still valid for your
problem.
You should fix all physics validation errors to ensure that the definition file runs in the solver.
If any errors are found when you attempt to write the definition file, a warning message is
displayed giving you the option to write the file anyway or cancel the operation.

Auto Fix All This will run an auto fix on any objects that have physics validation errors.

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Quick Setup Mode

Introduction
This chapter describes:
Starting a New Simulation in Quick Setup Mode (p. 19)
Simulation Definition Tab (p. 20)
Physics Definition (p. 21)
Boundary Definition (p. 21)
Final Operations (p. 22)

Starting a New Simulation in Quick Setup Mode

Quick Setup mode is a mode of operation for ANSYS CFX-Pre that greatly simplifies the
physics setup for a simulation. More complex physics, such as multiphase, combustion,
radiation, advanced turbulence models, etc., are not available in Quick Setup mode. You
can, however, use Quick Setup mode to get started, and then add more physics details later.

To Start a New Simulation in Quick Setup Mode

1. Start ANSYS CFX-Pre.
2. Select File > New Simulation from the main menu.
The New Simulation File dialog box appears.
3. Select Quick Setup and click OK.

Switching to Quick Setup Mode During a Simulation

You can switch to Quick Setup mode at any time by selecting Tools > Quick Setup Mode
from the main menu.

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Quick Setup Mode: Simulation Definition Tab

Simulation Definition Tab

Under Simulation Definition, you can set the simulation type data, the fluid data, and
import a mesh file.
Simulation Data (p. 20)
Fluid Data (p. 20)
Mesh Data (p. 20)

Simulation Data
A short description of each of the Problem Type options are displayed in ANSYS CFX-Pre.

Problem Type Problem Type can be set to any of the following:

Single Phase
Only one fluid is present in a single phase simulation, and it is usually a pure substance.
Multi-Component
If this option is selected, the simulation is used to model the average properties of a
mixture of chemical species.
Multi-Phase
This option contains more than one fluid, each of which is modeled separately. In
general, unlike multi-component simulations, the fluids are of different chemical
species.

Fluid Data
Under Fluid Data, you may select the fluid(s) for use in the domain.
Fluid(s)
If Simulation Type is set to Single Phase, you may select only one fluid for the
domain. If Multi-Phase was chosen, you may select at least two fluids.
Mixture
If you are defining a multi-component simulation, you must provide a name for your
custom material, which is defined by the fluids specified under Components.
Components
Select the fluids you plan to use in the simulation from this drop-down menu. At least
two fluids are required.

Mesh Data
Mesh File

Click Browse to open the Import Mesh dialog box and search for the mesh file to
import.
The most common mesh file formats can be imported in Quick Setup mode. If other
mesh formats, advanced options or user import methods are required, General Mode
should be used.
For details, see Importing and Transforming Meshes (p. 61).

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 Quick Setup Mode: Physics Definition
Available Volumes > 3D Regions
Using the drop-down menu, select the 3D region you want to use for the domain. By
default, all 3D regions of mesh from the selected mesh file will be selected.

Physics Definition
Under Physics Definition, you will set the type of simulation and specify model data such as
the pressure, heat transfer, and turbulence options.
Simulation Type (p. 21)
Model Data (p. 21)

Simulation Type
Select the simulation type: Steady State or Transient.
Steady State
No further settings are required.
Transient
If Transient is selected, set the Total Time and Time Step values for the transient
simulation.

Model Data
Reference Pressure
Set a value for the reference pressure. For details, see Setting a Reference Pressure (p. 10
in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Heat Transfer
Select the heat transfer model. For details, see Heat Transfer: Option (p. 150).
Turbulence
Select the turbulence model. For details, see Turbulence: Option (p. 151).

Boundary Definition
ANSYS CFX-Pre will automatically create boundary conditions based on name matching
criteria, but you can define your own as follows:
1. Right-click in the blank area and select New to create a new boundary condition.
A dialog box will pop up and ask for the name of the boundary condition you want to
create.
2. Accept the default name or enter a new name.
3. Click OK.
4. Set Boundary Type to one of: Inlet, Outlet, Symmetry, or Wall.
Opening type boundary conditions are not available using Quick Setup mode.
5. Set the location (2D Region) for the boundary condition.

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Quick Setup Mode: Final Operations
You may use the <Ctrl> key to multi-select a group of 2D regions for the single boundary
condition.
6. Fill in information specific to the type of boundary condition.
Additional information for a particular setting is available. For details, see Boundary
Details Tab (p. 179).
7. Repeat the preceding steps for each remaining boundary condition you wish to create.
You may delete any boundary conditions that are not required for the simulation simply
by right-clicking the boundary condition in the list and selecting Delete from the
shortcut menu.
A default boundary condition will be created automatically for any 2D regions on the
boundary of the domain, which have not been assigned a boundary condition. By
default, the default boundary condition is a no-slip adiabatic wall.
8. Click Next to continue.

Final Operations
The final step allows you to select from three options.

Important: If there are additional settings you need to address which are not covered in
Quick Setup mode, you must select Enter General Mode. The other two options will
automatically write a solver (.def) file based on the settings defined in Quick Setup mode.
1. Select one of three options.
Start Solver enters General Mode, writes the solver (.def) file and passes it to the
ANSYS CFX-Solver Manager.
Start Solver and Quit (available in Standalone mode) writes the solver (.def)
file, passes it to the ANSYS CFX-Solver Manager, and then shuts down ANSYS
CFX-Pre.
Enter General Mode enters General Mode in ANSYS CFX-Pre.

2. Click Finish to exit Quick Setup mode.

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File Menu

Introduction
The topic(s) in this section include:
New Simulation Command (p. 23)
Open Simulation Command (p. 24)
Save Simulation Command (p. 26)
Save Simulation As Command (p. 26)
Import Mesh Command (p. 26)
Reload Mesh Files Command (p. 26)
Write Solver File Command (p. 27)
Import CCL Command (p. 28)
Export CCL Command (p. 29)
Print Command (p. 29)
Recent Simulation Files Submenu (p. 31)
Recent CCL Files Submenu (p. 31)
Recent Session Files Submenu (p. 31)
Quit Command (p. 31)

There are a number of basic functions available in ANSYS CFX-Pre, such as opening an
existing simulation and saving, in addition to more specific tasks such as Write Solver File.
These are described in detail in this section.

New Simulation Command

Note: If a simulation is open, New Simulation is not available. To create new simulations,
ensure all open simulations are saved (if required) and closed.
1. Select File > New Simulation.
The New Simulation File dialog box appears.
2. Select a simulation mode.

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File Menu: Open Simulation Command
General Mode makes use of all features in ANSYS CFX-Pre. This is the most common
mode of operation.
Turbomachinery Mode is used specifically for turbomachinery applications and
allows quick setup in such cases. For details, see Turbomachinery Mode (p. 241).
Quick Setup Mode provides fewer model options and is suitable for simple physics
setup. It is useful as a tool to learn the basic paradigms of ANSYS CFX-Pre before
using General Mode. For details, see Quick Setup Mode (p. 19).
Library Template Mode allows a CCL physics definition to be imported for use on
a mesh. For details, see Library Objects (p. 249).

Open Simulation Command

This can be used to open existing ANSYS CFX-Pre case files (*.cfx), as well as implicitly start
a new simulation by opening a *.def, *.res, *.ccl, full transient results file (*.trn) or
backup file (*.bak). Other supported file types include: Mesh or Simulation Database file
(*.cmdb or *.dsdb), and GTM Database file (*.gtm).

Note: If a simulation is already open, Open Simulation is not available. To open simulations,
ensure that all open simulations are saved (if required) and closed.
1. Select File > Open Simulation.
The Load Simulation File dialog box appears.
2. Select a location to open the file from.
3. Under File type, select the type of file to open.
Case files can be selected. ANSYS CFX case files (*.cfx) contain all of the physics,
region and mesh information for your simulation. For details, see Opening Case
(.cfx) Files (p. 25).
Definition or result files can be selected. For details, see Opening Definition (.def),
Results (.res), transient (*.trn) or backup (*.bak) Files (p. 25).
CCL files can be selected. For details, see Opening CCL (.ccl) Files (p. 25).
Mesh or Simulation Database files can be selected. For details, see Opening Meshing
(.cmdb or .dsdb) Files (p. 25).
GTM Database files can be selected. For details, see Opening CFX Mesh (.gtm) Files
(p. 26).
4. Select the file to open and click Open.

Recover Original Session

If selected, this allows ANSYS CFX-Pre to search for the original case (*.cfx) file and attempt
to load it. When selected, the CCL from the definition file is used to overwrite the CCL in the
case file.
This is useful for two reasons:
ANSYS CFX-Pre can access more information (such as composite regions, unused
materials (meshes, layouts and cameras, etc.) and is then written to the definition file

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 File Menu: Open Simulation Command
If CCL has been modified outside of ANSYS CFX-Pre the original problem setup can be
recovered. If the case file cannot be found, the definition file is loaded instead.

Previous Releases
When definition or results files from a previous release of ANSYS CFX are opened in ANSYS
CFX-Pre, physics errors are highlighted in red in the tree view. If these errors are ignored, a
simulation will still run in the ANSYS CFX-Solver in many cases, but it is recommend that they
be fixed. This ensures CCL is updated to the current version. These errors are usually fixed
easily by right-clicking on the object and selecting Auto Fix Physics. For details, see Physics
Errors from Old .def/.res Files (p. 16).
When this option is selected, the Replace Flow Data option is available. This will overwrite
the CCL in the definition file with that in the case file.

Opening Case (.cfx) Files

When opening an existing case file, ANSYS CFX-Pre opens the simulation in the state in
which it was last saved including the mesh.

Opening Definition (.def), Results (.res), transient (*.trn) or backup (*.bak) Files
Definition and results files from the current and previous releases of ANSYS CFX can be
opened. When opening these files, a new case file is created. The mesh and physics are
imported into the new simulation. All pre-processing information in these files is imported
into ANSYS CFX-Pre and is edited in the same way as in other case files.
ANSYS CFX-Pre can also load full transient results file (*.trn) or backup file (*.bak) by
typing *trn or *bak, respectively, as the File Name in the Load Simulation File dialog box.
Using the * character returns a list of available files of type *.trn or *.bak. The selected file
is imported as a definition file.

Opening CCL (.ccl) Files

Opening a CCL file creates a new case file. Any physics, material and expression information
is imported into ANSYS CFX-Pre and can be edited in the same way as for case files. CCL files
do not contain any mesh data, so it is necessary to import a mesh before assigning locations
to domains and boundary conditions.

Opening Meshing (.cmdb or .dsdb) Files

Loading these files is similar to loading a .gtm file. For details, see Opening CFX Mesh (.gtm)
Files (p. 26).

Important: .cmdb and .dsdb files require the cfxacmo library, which is supplied with
Workbench. If you are unable to load such files into CFX-Pre, one solution is to install
Workbench to make those library files available.

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File Menu: Close Command

Opening CFX Mesh (.gtm) Files

Opening a .gtm file will simply load the mesh and create an initial physics state, in the same
manner as creating a new simulation.

Close Command
This operation closes the existing simulation, prompting to save if appropriate.

Save Simulation Command

This command writes the current state to the case file. You should save a simulation before
closing it if it is to be reopened at a later date. All data is lost if ANSYS CFX-Pre is closed
without saving the simulation.
1. Select File > Save Simulation.
The simulation is saved and files are updated.

Save Simulation As Command

When using Save As, the previous case files are closed and remain unchanged from the last
time they were explicitly saved.
1. Select File > Save Simulation As.
The Save Simulation dialog box appears.
2. Select a location where the file will be saved.
3. Under File name, type the name to save the file as.
4. Click Save.
A new file is saved and is kept open in ANSYS CFX-Pre.

Import Mesh Command

Numerous options are available when importing a mesh. For details, see Importing Meshes
(p. 62).

Reload Mesh Files Command

It is possible to import and manipulate many meshes within a ANSYS CFX-Pre simulation. In
some cases, this can result in a complex set of operations (for example, a single 'blade' mesh
may have been imported, and then 30 copies may have been made). In some cases, it is

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 File Menu: Write Solver File Command
desirable to swap this mesh for one that is much finer, or of better quality. The process of
deleting all existing meshes, re-importing the new mesh and then applying the
transformations again could be costly. Hence, the mesh reload function allows one or more
mesh files to be replaced in a fraction of the time.
1. Select File > Reload Mesh Files.
The Reload Mesh Files dialog box appears.
2. Select or clear the mesh files to replace the ones that were previously imported.
3. Click OK.

Write Solver File Command

A solver (definition) file contains information (such as physics, mesh) required to execute a
simulation in ANSYS CFX-Solver to solve physics.

1. Select File > Write Solver File from the main menu or click Write Solver File .
The Write Solver File dialog box appears.
2. Select a location to save the file to.
3. Under File name, type the name to save the file as.
4. Click Save.
5. Select one of the following actions to take when Save is clicked:
Start Solver Manager launches ANSYS CFX-Solver Manager to solve the simulation
immediately.
Start Solver in batch starts the ANSYS CFX-Solver without loading the ANSYS
CFX-Solver Manager.
Start CFX-Post automatically loads the mesh in ANSYS CFX-Post.
Write Solver File saves information to disk for use later in ANSYS CFX-Solver
Manager or ANSYS CFX-Solver.
6. Select or clear Report Summary of Interface Connections.
If selected, a report of interface connection types is created when domain interfaces are
used. For details, see Report Summary of Interface Connections (p. 27).
7. Click Save.
If the file name assigned is the same as an existing file name in the same location, select
Overwrite to overwrite the original file, Re-select to specify a new file name, or Cancel
to cancel the writing of the .def file.

Report Summary of Interface Connections

When enabled, and when domain interfaces are used, this displays information on the
connection types for each domain interface.

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File Menu: Import CCL Command
Connection types can be either one-to-one or GGI, and are determined when ANSYS
CFX-Pre creates the definition file. This is most useful when creating periodic interfaces
using the automatic connection type and displaying which kind of interface has been
created. For details, see Mesh Connection Options (p. 144 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling
Guide").

Import CCL Command

ANSYS CFX Command Language (CCL) consists of commands used to carry out actions in
ANSYS CFX-Pre, the ANSYS CFX-Solver Manager and ANSYS CFX-Post. All of the steps carried
out in ANSYS CFX-Pre are executed as CCL commands in the softwares engine, and these
commands can be exported and imported to other simulations.
Tip: You can also import expressions and regions using the Import CCL command.
Tip: To import composite region definitions from older versions of CCL, use the
Import CCL command found in the File menu, rather than the import command found
in the Regions workspace.
A useful application of importing CCL is to apply the same pre-processing data to a number
of different meshes. In such a case, the following general workflow may be ensued:
1. Import the new mesh.
2. Import the CCL data.
3. Assign mesh locations to the domains and boundary conditions, if required.
4. Write the definition file for the ANSYS CFX-Solver.
The benefit of using this workflow is that there would be no need to specify all of the
pre-processing data again.
Importing a set of commonly used customized material or reaction definitions is also
possible by importing a CCL file. A useful application of the import CCL feature is
demonstrated when using Library Mode. For details, see Library Objects (p. 249).

Append or Replace
Append This option never deletes existing objects such as domains, boundary conditions,
initialization, etc. Objects with a different name than existing objects are added. If an object
of the same name and type already exists, parameters within the object that are unique to
the imported CCL file are added to the existing object. When the imported CCL file contains
parameter definitions that already exist within existing objects, they will replace the existing
definitions.

Replace This option overwrites, in full, existing objects of the same name and type. Since boundary
conditions, subdomains and so on are defined within a domain, if that domain is replaced,
these objects are lost if not defined in the imported CCL file. Objects with a unique name are
added to the existing simulation.

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 File Menu: Export CCL Command
Auto-load materials
When Replace is selected the Auto-load materials checkbox is enabled. When selected
this option will automatically load any materials and reactions which are missing from the
problem setup being imported and are not defined in the case already. These added
materials and reactions can be found in the standard materials and reactions library files.

Export CCL Command

Using Export CCL, some or all CCL definitions can be exported to a file.
1. Select File > Export CCL.
The Export CCL dialog box appears.
2. Select or clear Save All Objects.
A list of all existing CCL objects is available. To export particular objects, clear Save All
Objects and select only the objects to export. For details, see Save All Objects (p. 29).
3. Select a location to export to.
4. Enter a name for the exported file.
5. Click Save.
To export the physics definition for a problem, select all the FLOW objects. Additional
variables, CEL expressions, User Functions and material definitions are stored in LIBRARY
objects; these will need to be included if you want to export these objects.

Save All Objects

When Save All Objects is selected, all CCL object definitions are written to the CCL file. To
export only a sub-set of CCL objects, clear this and select only the required CCL objects.

Sample of This sample is specifically for the export of expressions.

saving CEL
1. Select File > Export CCL.
Expressions
2. Clear Save All Objects and expand LIBRARY.
3. Expand CEL.
4. Select EXPRESSIONS.
5. Select a location to export to.
6. Enter a name for the exported file.
7. Click Save.

Print Command
The current viewer state can be printed to a file.
1. Select File > Print.
The Print dialog box appears.

2. Click Browse .

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File Menu: Print Command
3. Select a location to print to.
4. Enter a name for the printed file.
5. Click Save.
The Print dialog displays the path and name of the file. The default extension changes
if a new format is selected.
6. Under Format, select the output style of the image.
Portable Network Graphics (*.png) is a file format intended to replace the GIF
format. It was designed for use on the WorldWide Web and retains many of the
features of GIF with new features added.
JPEG (*.jpg) is a compressed file format developed for compressing raw digital
information. File sizes are small but it is not recommended for line drawings.
Bitmap (*.bmp) files are usually large and do not adjust well to resizing or editing.
They do retain all of the quality of the original image and can be easily converted to
other formats.
Portable Pixel Map (*.ppm) is similar to the Bitmap format.
PostScript (*.ps) and Encapsulated PostScript (*.eps) are recommended for
output to a printer or line drawings.
Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML, *.wrl) is used to present interactive
three-dimensional views and can be delivered across the WorldWide Web.
7. Select or clear Use Screen Capture.
If selected, a screen capture of the viewer is saved to the output. Note that Face Culling
affects printouts done using screen capture mode only.
8. Select or clear White Background.
If selected, white objects appear in black and black objects appear in white in the image
file (except VRML). All objects are affected by this toggle and slightly off-white and
off-black objects are also inverted.
9. Select or clear Use Screen Size.
If selected, the current screen size is used. Otherwise, set a width and height.
10. Select or clear Scale.
If selected, the size of a bitmap is reduced or increased to a percentage of the current
viewer window size.
11. If exporting to JPEG format, select or clear Image Quality.
If selected, set between 0 (lowest) and 99 (highest).
12. Set a Tolerance.
The default tolerance is 0.001. This is a non-dimensional tolerance used in face sorting
when generating hardcopy output. Larger values result in faster printing times, but may
cause defects in the resulting output.
It should be noted that the paper orientation for printing, portrait or landscape is
determined by the size of the viewer window. If the height of the window is larger then the
width, then portrait is used. If the width is larger then the height, then landscape is used.

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 File Menu: Recent Simulation Files Submenu

Recent Simulation Files Submenu

CFX-Pre saves the file paths of the last five case files (.cfx) opened.
1. Under Recent Simulation Files, select a recently used .cfx file to open.

Recent CCL Files Submenu

CFX-Pre saves the file paths of the last five CCL files opened.
1. Under Recent CCL Files, select a recently used CCL file to open.

Recent Session Files Submenu

CFX-Pre saves the file paths of the last five session files opened.
1. Under Recent Session Files, select a recently used session file (*.pre) to open.

Quit Command
Quit is only available in the Standalone version of the software.
1. Select File > Quit.
When quitting ANSYS CFX-Pre, if the simulation is not already saved, there will be a
prompt as to whether a save should be done.

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File Menu: Quit Command

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ANSYS CFX-Pre, ANSYS
CFX-Solver Manager, and
ANSYS CFX-Post Edit Menus

Introduction
The topic(s) in this section include:
Undo Command (ANSYS CFX-Pre and ANSYS CFX-Post Only) (p. 33)
Redo Command (ANSYS CFX-Pre and ANSYS CFX-Post Only) (p. 34)
Options Command (p. 34)

Undo and Redo commands are available in the Edit menu. Additionally, there are a variety
of options that can be set to customize the software.

Undo Command (ANSYS CFX-Pre and ANSYS CFX-Post Only)

There is an unlimited undo and redo capability in ANSYS CFX-Pre and ANSYS CFX-Post,
limited only by the amount of available memory. The undo stack is cleared whenever a New,
Open or Close action occurs. Undo is not available when playing a session file.
Issue the Undo command by doing any of the following:
Select Edit > Undo

Click Undo on the toolbar

Press <Ctrl>+<Z>
You can repeatedly issue the Undo command.

Note: If the Undo command is not allowed, the Edit > Undo menu item is greyed out.
Note: Some viewer manipulations cannot be reverted using the Undo command.

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ANSYS CFX-Pre, ANSYS CFX-Solver Manager, and ANSYS CFX-Post Edit Menus: Redo Command (ANSYS CFX-Pre and

Redo Command (ANSYS CFX-Pre and ANSYS CFX-Post Only)

The redo feature is used to do an action that you have just undone using the Undo
command. Issue the Redo command by doing any of the following:
Select Edit > Redo

Click Redo on the toolbar

Press <Ctrl>+<Y>
You can repeatedly issue the Redo command.

Note: If the Redo command is not allowed, the Edit > Redo menu item is greyed out.

Options Command
Options allows various general preferences to be set. Settings are retained per user.

Note: Some options affect more than one ANSYS CFX product.

1. Select Edit > Options.

The Options dialog box appears.
2. Set options as required. If desired, select CFX Defaults to use all the default settings
used in CFX. If you are using Workbench and wish to use its default settings, select
Workbench Defaults.
ANSYS CFX-Pre Options (p. 34)
ANSYS CFX-Solver Manager Options (p. 37)
ANSYS CFX-Post Options (p. 38)
Common Options (p. 39)
3. Click OK.

ANSYS CFX-Pre Options

When the Options dialog box appears., the ANSYS CFX-Pre options can be configured
under CFX-Pre.
Enable Tooltips
When this is selected, tool tip text will be displayed when the mouse cursor is hovered
over many parts of the user interface, including toolbar icons.
Record Default Session File
When selected, a session file named cfx.xx.pre will be recorded automatically each
time ANSYS CFX-Pre is started (where xx is the next available number).
Automatic Default Domain
When this option is selected, a domain with the name Default Domain will be created
upon importing a mesh.
To toggle default domain generation on or off for a session, without affecting the user
preference setting, you can right-click the Simulation object in the tree view and select
Automatic Default Domain from the shortcut menu.

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 ANSYS CFX-Pre, ANSYS CFX-Solver Manager, and ANSYS CFX-Post Edit Menus: Options Command
If you manually delete a default domain, the default domain mechanism will be
disabled, and a warning message will appear in the physics message window.
If you create a domain that uses the same region(s) as the default domain, the latter will
be redefined with the remaining locations, or deleted if all the regions are referenced by
user-defined domains.
If you modify the location of the default domain, the name will change to Default
Domain Modified and no additional default domain will be generated.
When loading an existing case (cfx file or def file), if there are any mesh volumes that
are not assigned to a domain, the default domain generation will be disabled. It can be
re-activated as described previously.
Automatic Default Interfaces
When selected, ANSYS CFX-Pre will attempt to create domain interfaces when a domain
is created or modified.
To toggle default interface generation on or off for a session, without affecting the user
preference setting, you can right-click the Simulation object in the tree view and select
Automatic Default Interfaces from the shortcut menu.
Domain interface generation is always de-activated when loading an existing
simulation.
Default Boundary can be set to one of the following:
Standard
A default boundary condition is created that covers all primitive regions that are not
assigned to any boundary condition in the current domain. The default boundary is
modified dynamically when other boundary conditions are subsequently added or
deleted such that it includes all regions not assigned to any other boundary
condition.
One Per Relevant Region
A default boundary condition on each relevant region not assigned to any
boundary condition is created. In this context, relevant means every composite 2D
region, plus any 2D primitive regions that are not referenced by a composite 2D
region. If boundary conditions are subsequently deleted, causing some regions to
be unassigned, a single default boundary condition will be created for all such
regions.
One per Primitive Region
A default boundary condition on each individual 2D primitive region not assigned
to any boundary condition is created. If boundary conditions are subsequently
deleted, causing some regions to be unassigned, a single default boundary
condition will be created for all such regions.
Inactive

Default User Mode can be set to General, Turbo, or Quick Setup.

This determines the default mode that ANSYS CFX-Pre will use when creating a
simulation. For details on Turbo mode, see Turbomachinery Mode (p. 241). For details
on Quick Setup mode, see Quick Setup Mode (p. 19).

Physics Disable Physics Validation

Preferences This option prevents ANSYS CFX-Pre from issuing messages in the physics message
window. For details, see Physics Checking (p. 15).

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ANSYS CFX-Pre, ANSYS CFX-Solver Manager, and ANSYS CFX-Post Edit Menus: Options Command
Enable Beta Features
Some beta features are hidden in the user interface. You can select this option to unhide
those beta features. When selected, such Beta features will be identified by "(Beta)" in
the GUI.
Automatic Physics Update
If this option is selected and you change settings in the simulation definition, ANSYS
CFX-Pre will, for certain settings, respond by changing other settings automatically in an
attempt to make problem specification consistent. This incurs an overhead, so for large
problems you may wish to disable this feature.

Turbo These settings are used in the recognition of turbo regions when importing a mesh using
Turbo mode.

Mesh Mesh Match Tolerance is used when creating domain interfaces. It is used to determine
whether a one-to-one connection can be made at a domain interface. The tolerance is
relative to the local mesh length scale; the default value is 0.005 (or 0.5%) of the local edge
length on the first side of the interface. A node on the second side must be within this
tolerance to a node on the first side for the two to be considered coincident.

Mesh Import Options

Source Format specifies which type of mesh file is the general default. For details, see
Supported Mesh File Types (p. 63). Source Directory specifies the default directory from
which meshes are imported upon selecting the Import Mesh command. It is also possible
to set other general options (such as mesh units) and specific advanced options on a
per-mesh format basis.

Viewer Object Highlighting

This setting controls how an object is highlighted in the viewer. Such highlighting occurs
when in picking mode, when selecting a region in a list, or when selecting items in the tree
view. For details, see Toolbar (p. 48).
1. Under Type, select one of the following:
Surface Mesh: Displays the surface mesh for selected region(s) using lines.
Face Highlight: Displays the selected region(s) using faces.
Wireframe: Traces objects that contain surfaces with green lines.
Bounding Box: Highlights the selected object(s) with a green box.

Background
1. Set Mode to Color or Image.

Color
A constant color, or gradient of colors, can be chosen.

Image
One of a list of predefined images or a custom image can be selected.

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 ANSYS CFX-Pre, ANSYS CFX-Solver Manager, and ANSYS CFX-Post Edit Menus: Options Command
If selecting a custom image, choose an image file and a type of mapping. Image types that
are supported include *.bmp, *.jpg, *.png, and *.ppm. Mapping options are Flat and
Spherical. Flat maps are stationary while spherical maps surround the virtual environment
and rotate with the objects in the viewer.

Other Viewer Preferences

Text/Edge/Label Color

1. Select a color by clicking in the box, or clicking the ellipsis icon.

Axis/Ruler Visibility
1. Select or clear Axis Visibility or Ruler Visibility to show or hide the axis indicator or
ruler in the viewer.

Common For details, see Common Options (p. 39).

ANSYS CFX-Solver Manager Options

When the Options dialog box appears, ANSYS CFX-Solver Manager options can be
configured under SolverManager.

Default Layout You may specify a default layout mode to specify what mode monitors are presented when
Mode starting a new run. Select from the following:
Multiple Windows
Tabbed

Show Original If selected, the variable names will be shown with their original names. By default, this
Variable Names option is not selected and is generally left at that default setting.

Dont write By default, a backup file is written. For details, see Edit Run In Progress Command (p. 101).
Backup file on
Edit Run In
Progress

Default License The Default License Mode setting is applicable when using ANSYS CFX in ANSYS
Mode Workbench when a license key supporting preprocessing, postprocessing, and solving is
available. The options are:
Current WB License
ANSYS CFX-Solver uses the license selected by ANSYS Workbench. The latter selects
licenses according to the settings found under Tools > Options > Licensing > License
Management. For details, see the ANSYS Workbench documentation.
When running the ANSYS CFX-Solver using this method, the license key capable of
preprocessing, postprocessing, and solving is used for the solver, and becomes
unavailable to provide access to meshing, pre-processing, or post-processing during
that time.
Separate License

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ANSYS CFX-Pre, ANSYS CFX-Solver Manager, and ANSYS CFX-Post Edit Menus: Options Command
ANSYS CFX-Solver checks out a separate license, leaving the ANSYS Workbench
selected license key available so that you can use the latter to do other work while the
solver is running.

Monitor Multiple options exist that can be monitored as required.

The visibility for each type of residual can be toggled on or off. Settings take effect the
next time a run is started, or the next time a results file is viewed.
If visibility is disabled for all residuals in a plot monitor, the monitor will not be created.
For details, see Customizing ANSYS CFX-Solver Manager (p. 5).
Monitor options are available to specify global residual display preferences. Settings chosen
on the form apply for all future solver runs and override default display settings for
monitors. Monitors can still be created using the Workspace menu. For details, see New
Monitor Command (p. 92).

Common For details, see Common Options (p. 39).

ANSYS CFX-Post Options

When the Options dialog box appears, ANSYS CFX-Post options can be configured under
CFX-Post.

Interpolation This tolerance, specified as a percentage of domain extents, controls variable interpolation
Tolerance accuracy on or near boundary surfaces. The default value is 0.5.

Angular Shift for The user can set this setting to Automatic, Always rotate or Never rotate.
Transient
Rotating
Domains

Files Select Disable region load if you do not want to have region definitions loaded when
you load a file that contains them.
Translate variable names to CFX-Solver style names converts variable names from
other results files into ANSYS CFX variable names. (For example, the variable P in a
CFX-TASCflow file will be converted to Pressure.)

Important: By default, ANSYS CFX-Post will not modify the variable names in the rso file. If
you wish to use all of the embedded ANSYS CFX-Post macros and calculation options, you
will need to convert variable names to ANSYS CFX types.
The complete list of translated variables is given in Variable Translation (p. 43 in "ANSYS
CFX-Post User's Guide").
Clear Pre-calculate global variable ranges to turn off the calculation of all variable
ranges.
Select Dont prompt to auto-load report template if you do not want ANSYS CFX-Post
to ask you if you wish to load a report automatically upon loading results files.
Select Show domain selector before load to allow you to choose which domains to
load when more than one domain exists in the results file. If this option is turned off,
then all domains will be loaded next time you load a results file.

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 ANSYS CFX-Pre, ANSYS CFX-Solver Manager, and ANSYS CFX-Post Edit Menus: Options Command
When Load missing variables from nearest FULL time step is cleared, it makes all
variables that are not written to the partial results file undefined for the current
timestep. When selected, it loads the missing variables from the nearest full results file.
This option is used when partial transient results files do not contain all of the variables
calculated by the ANSYS CFX-Solver. By default, these variables will be undefined (but
still visible in the variables list) for the current timestep. Turning on the option tells
ANSYS CFX-Post to load results from the nearest full results file.
Important: Care should be taken when using this option, because values which are plotted
may not necessarily apply to the current timestep.

Solution Units ANSYS CFX-Post has an additional Solution Units option that is not available in ANSYS
CFX-Pre from the Options tab. For details, see Solution Units (p. 134).
The solution units assumed, when the file was loaded, are displayed on the right. These
are read from the file when ANSYS CFX files are loaded. When files which do not store
solution units (e.g., CFX-4 dump files, CFX-TASCfiles or ANSYS results files) are loaded,
these units can be specified. For details, see Solution Units (p. 134).
Dont prompt for Solution Units before loading results is cleared by default for
ANSYS CFX files and selected by default for other file types. This setting is ignored for
ANSYS CFX files.
The units shown on this form are not necessarily those used by ANSYS CFX-Post, but are the
solution units used in the currently loaded file. The units used by ANSYS CFX-Post are set
elsewhere. For details, see Units (p. 40). ANSYS CFX-Post needs to know the solution units
used in the file so that it can convert them to the units specified. When ANSYS CFX files are
loaded into ANSYS CFX-Post, the solution units which were used by the ANSYS CFX-Solver
are automatically read from the file. For this reason, Dont prompt for Solution Units
before loading results is ignored when loading ANSYS CFX files.
For files such as CFX-4, CFX-TASCflow or ANSYS files, the solution units are not read from the
file. When one of these file types is loaded into ANSYS CFX-Post, you will be prompted to
specify the solution units. For details, see Solution Units (p. 134). You can enable the Dont
prompt for Solution Units before loading results toggle to suppress this prompt, in
which case the default units of kilograms, metres, seconds, Kelvin and radians will be used.

Turbo These settings are related to turbomachinery simulations loaded into ANSYS CFX-Post, and
are mostly self-explanatory.

Viewer These settings are similar to those for the ANSYS CFX-Pre Viewer settings. For details, see
Viewer (p. 36).

Advanced Under Cmd Timeout, specify the minimum time between registered mouse clicks, in
milliseconds.

Common For details, see Common Options (p. 39).

Common Options
Auto Save

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ANSYS CFX-Pre, ANSYS CFX-Solver Manager, and ANSYS CFX-Post Edit Menus: Options Command
Select the time between automatic saves.
To turn off automatic saves, set Auto Save to Never.
Temporary directory

To set a temporary directory, click Browse to find a convenient directory where the
autosave feature will save state files.

Appearance The appearance of the GUI can be controlled from the Appearance options. The default GUI
style will be set to that of your machine. For example, on Windows, the GUI has a Windows
look to it. If, for example, an SGI appearance to the GUI is preferred, select to use this instead
of the Windows style.
1. Under GUI Style, select the user interface style to use.
2. Under Font, specify the font to use in the application.
Note: It is important not to set the font size too high (over 24 pt is not recommended) or the
dialog boxes may become difficult to read. Setting the font size too small may cause some
portions of the text to not be visible on monitors set at low resolutions. It is also important
not to set the font to a family such as Webdings, Wingdings, Symbols, or similar type faces,
or the dialog boxes become illegible.

3. Formatted Font has no function in ANSYS CFX-Pre or ANSYS CFX-Post. It affects only
the font used in ANSYS CFX-Solver Manager for the out file display.

Viewer Setup 1. Select Double Buffering to use two color buffers for improved visualization.
For details, see Double Buffering (p. 40).
2. Select or deselect Unlimited Zoom.
For details, see Unlimited Zoom (p. 40).

Double Buffering
Double Buffering is a feature supported by most OpenGL implementations. It provides two
complete color buffers that swap between each other to animate graphics smoothly. If your
implementation of OpenGL does not support double buffering, you can clear this check
box.

Unlimited Zoom
By default, zoom is restricted to prevent graphics problems related to depth sorting.
Selecting Unlimited Zoom allows an unrestricted zoom.

Mouse Mapping The mouse mapping options are available when running in standalone mode. They allow
you to assign viewer actions to mouse clicks and keyboard/mouse combinations.

Units 1. Under System, select the unit system to use.

This includes SI, CGS, English Engineering, British Technical, US Customary, US
Engineering or Custom. Only Custom allows the quantity types to be redefined.

Note: ANSYS CFX-Solver Manager does not support Custom unit systems.

2. Select or clear Always convert units to Preferred Units.

For details, see Always convert units to Preferred Units (p. 41).
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 ANSYS CFX-Pre, ANSYS CFX-Solver Manager, and ANSYS CFX-Post Edit Menus: Options Command
The two sets of units in ANSYS CFX-Pre are:
The units presented on this dialog box, which control the default units presented in the
GUI, as well as the units used for mesh transformation.
The solution units. For details, see Solution Units (p. 134).

Always convert units to Preferred Units

If Always convert units to Preferred Units is selected, the units of entered quantities are
immediately converted to those set under Quantity Types.
For example, if [m s^-1] is the preferred velocity unit and 20 [mile hr^-1] is entered for
a velocity quantity, the entered value is converted and displayed as 8.94078 [m s^-1].

Additional Help
For details, see Mesh Units (p. 62).

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ANSYS CFX-Pre and ANSYS
CFX-Post Session Menus

Introduction
The topic(s) in this section include:
Play Session and Play Tutorial Commands (p. 44)
New Session Command (p. 44)
Start Recording and Stop Recording Commands (p. 45)

ANSYS CFX-Pre and ANSYS CFX-Post share a common Session menu.

Session files contain a record of the commands issued during a ANSYS CFX-Pre/ANSYS
CFX-Post session. Actions that will cause commands to be written to a session file include:
Viewer manipulation performed using the commands available by right-clicking in the
viewer window.
All actions available from the File and Edit menus.
Creation of expressions.
Creation of new objects and changes to an object committed by clicking OK or Apply
on any of the panels available from the Tools, and Insert menus/toolbars.
Commands issued in the Command Editor dialog box.
Mesh import, delete and transformation operations in ANSYS CFX-Pre.
ANSYS CFX-Pre records all of these commands by default and writes them to a file in the
working directory named cfx.<xx>.pre, where <xx> is a counter that begins at 00 and
increments by 1 each time you run a ANSYS CFX-Pre session in the same directory. ANSYS
CFX-Post does not automatically begin recording a session file.

Important: Session files must not contain > undo commands. This will produce errors when
playing back the session file.
Important: Session files from previous versions of ANSYS CFX are not supported in ANSYS
CFX, Release 11.0.

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ANSYS CFX-Pre and ANSYS CFX-Post Session Menus: Play Session and Play Tutorial Commands

Play Session and Play Tutorial Commands

The topic(s) in this section include:
Play Session Command (p. 44)
Play Tutorial Command (p. 44)

Play Session Command

Selecting Session > Play Session opens the Play Session File dialog box where you can
select the session file to play. The commands listed in the selected session file are then
executed. Existing objects with the same name as objects defined in the session file are
replaced by those in the session file (for example, if Plane 1 exists in a ANSYS CFX-Post
session file, playing the session file will overwrite any pre-existing object with the name
Plane 1).

If a session file is played while a current simulation is open, the behavior is the same as
importing a CCL file using the Append option. For details, see Append or Replace (p. 28).
However, if the session file starts a new simulation (i.e., contains a >load command), then
the current simulation will be closed without saving.
1. Browse to the directory containing the session file and select the file you wish to play.
2. Click Open to play the session file.
File types that appear in the window can be filtered to show ANSYS CFX-Pre session files
(*.pre) and ANSYS CFX-Post session files (*.cse) files.

Play Tutorial Command

In ANSYS CFX-Pre, selecting Session > Play Tutorial opens the Play Session File dialog box
where you can select a tutorial session file (*.pre) to play from the examples directory of
your ANSYS CFX installation. The commands listed in the selected tutorial session file are
then executed.
Tutorial session files cannot be played while other simulations are open.

New Session Command

When a session file is not currently being recorded, you can select Session > New Session.
This opens the Set Session File dialog box where you can enter a file name for your session
file. Once you have saved the file, it becomes the current session file. Commands are not
written to the file until you select Session > Start Recording.
1. Browse to the directory in which you wish to create the session file, and then enter a
name for the file ending with a .pre (ANSYS CFX-Pre) or .cse (ANSYS CFX-Post)
extension.
2. Click Save to create the file.

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 ANSYS CFX-Pre and ANSYS CFX-Post Session Menus: Start Recording and Stop Recording Commands
This will not start recording to the session file. To do this, you must select Session >
Start Recording.
If you create more than one session file during a ANSYS CFX-Pre/ANSYS CFX-Post session,
the most recently created file is the current session file by default. You can set a different file
to be the current session file by selecting an existing file from the Set Session File window
and then clicking Save:
If Overwrite is selected, the existing session file will be deleted and a new file is created in
its place. If Append is selected, commands will be added to the end of the existing session
file when recording begins.

Note: By default, ANSYS CFX-Pre does not continuously write commands to a session file
while you are working on your simulation. You can change a setting in Edit > Options so
that a session file is recorded by default. If a session file is being recorded by ANSYS CFX-Pre,
whether by default or intentionally, a new session file cannot be recorded. You can stop the
recording of the current session file by selecting Session > Stop Recording. In ANSYS
CFX-Post, a default session file is not started.

Start Recording and Stop Recording Commands

The Start Recording action will activate recording of CCL commands issued to the current
session file. A session file must first be set before you can start recording. This is done by
default in ANSYS CFX-Pre. Stop Recording terminates recording of CCL commands to the
current session file. You can start and stop recording as many times as necessary to a session
file.

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ANSYS CFX-Pre and ANSYS
CFX-Post 3D Viewer

Introduction
This chapter describes:
Object Visibility (p. 47)
3D Viewer Modes and Commands (p. 48)
Views and Figures (p. 55)

In ANSYS CFX-Pre, the 3D viewer is always visible. In ANSYS CFX-Post, the 3D viewer is
accessible by clicking the 3D Viewer tab.
After loading a mesh into ANSYS CFX-Pre, or a results file into ANSYS CFX-Post, you can see
a visual representation of the geometry in the 3D viewer. You can create various other
objects that can be viewed in the 3D viewer. For details, see ANSYS CFX-Post Insert Menu
(p. 61). The visibility of each object can be turned on and off using the check boxes in the
tree view. For details, see Object Visibility (p. 47).
Descriptions of the various viewing modes and 3D viewer commands, including toolbars,
shortcut menus, and hotkeys, are given in 3D Viewer Modes and Commands (p. 48).
You can switch between 4 adjustable views that each remember the camera angle and
state of visibility of all objects. ANSYS CFX-Post has figures, which are similar to views
except that they can be included in reports. For details, see Views and Figures (p. 55).
The 3D viewer can display multiple viewports at a time. The viewport arrangement is
controlled from the viewer toolbar.

Object Visibility
The visibility of various objects in the tree view can be toggled by using the check box next
to the object name.

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ANSYS CFX-Pre and ANSYS CFX-Post 3D Viewer: 3D Viewer Modes and Commands
You can change the visibility settings for a group of objects by first selecting a subgroup of
objects (using <Ctrl> and/or <Shift>), and then right-clicking on the group and using the
appropriate shortcut menu command (for example, Hide or Show). For details, see Shortcut
Menus (p. 50).

3D Viewer Modes and Commands

The topic(s) in this section include:
Toolbar (p. 48)
Shortcut Menus (p. 50)
Hotkeys (p. 53)
Mouse Button Mapping (p. 54)
Picking Mode (p. 54)
Boundary Markers and Labels (ANSYS CFX-Pre only) (p. 55)

Toolbar
The 3D viewer toolbar has the following tools:

Tool Description
Makes one of the following three picking tools active.

Selects objects. When a number of objects overlap, the one closest

to the camera is picked.
In ANSYS CFX-Pre, when selecting regions for boundaries, if more
than one region is under the mouse pointer at the location that you
click, those regions will be listed in a list box, allowing you to select
the intended region.
In ANSYS CFX-Post, this tool can be used to drag certain objects to
new locations, using the the mouse. Objects of the following types
can be dragged: line, point, plane, isosurface.
Selects objects using a box. Drag a box around the object(s) you
want to select.
Selects objects using an enclosed polygon. Click to drop points
around the object(s). Double-click to complete the selection.
Rotates the view by dragging the mouse.

Pans the view by dragging the mouse.

Adjusts the zoom level by dragging the mouse vertically.

Zooms to the area enclosed in a box that you create by dragging

with the mouse.
Centers all visible objects in the viewer.

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 ANSYS CFX-Pre and ANSYS CFX-Post 3D Viewer: 3D Viewer Modes and Commands

Tool Description
Toggles highlighting according to the highlighting preferences
(select Edit > Options, then look in the Viewer section).
Highlighting is active only when the viewer is set to Picking Mode.
For details, see Picking Mode (p. 54).
(ANSYS CFX-Pre only)
Allows you to select mesh nodes.
When picking a point from the viewer to populate a widget that
defines a coordinate, the point can either be a point in space or a
mesh node. This tool allows you to select the mesh node nearest
to the location you click.
(ANSYS CFX-Pre only)
Displays the Labels and Markers dialog box which is used to
select/clear the display of named regions and markers in the viewer.
For details, see Boundary Markers and Labels (ANSYS CFX-Pre only)
(p. 55).
Selects the viewport arrangement. ANSYS CFX-Pre and ANSYS
CFX-Post both support the use of multiple viewports. Independent
zoom, rotation and translate options can be carried out in each
viewport.

(ANSYS CFX-Pre only)

Displays different views by changing the camera angle to a preset
direction.

Toggles between locking and unlocking the views of all viewports.

When the views are locked, the camera orientation and zoom level
of the non-selected viewports are continuously synchronized with
the selected viewport. Locking the view for the viewports in this way
can be a useful technique for comparing different sets of visible
objects between the viewports.
This tool is available only when all viewports are using the Cartesian
(X-Y-Z) transformation.
Displays the Viewer Key Mapping dialog box.

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ANSYS CFX-Pre and ANSYS CFX-Post 3D Viewer: 3D Viewer Modes and Commands

Shortcut Menus
You can access the shortcut menu by right-clicking anywhere on the viewer. The shortcut
menu is different depending on where you right-click.

ANSYS CFX-Pre Shortcuts for ANSYS CFX-Pre (Viewer Background)

3D Viewer The following commands are available in ANSYS CFX-Pre when you right-click the viewer
Shortcut Menu background:

Command Description
Import Library Data Opens the Select Library Data to Import dialog box. This option is
the same as right-clicking on Materials in the tree view and
selecting Import Library Data.
Write Solver File The same as selecting File > Write Solver File. For details, see Write
Solver File Command (p. 27).
Predefined Camera Displays different views by changing the camera angle to a preset
direction.
Fit View Centers all visible objects in the viewer.
Projection Switches between perspective and orthographic camera angles.
Default Legend Shows or hides the default legend object.
Axis Shows or hides the axis orientation indicator in the bottom-right
corner of the viewer.
Ruler Shows or hides the ruler on the bottom of the viewer.
Print Same as selecting File > Print. For details, see Print Command
(p. 29).
Viewer Options Opens the Options dialog box with the viewer options displayed.
For details, see Viewer (p. 36).

Shortcuts for ANSYS CFX-Pre (Viewer Object)

The following commands are available in ANSYS CFX-Pre when you right-click an object in
the viewer:

Command Description
Edit, Edit Definition, Opens the details view for the selected object so that you can edit its
Edit Mesh properties.
Mesh Statistics Shows basic information about mesh regions including node count
and maximum element edge length ratio. This command is also
available by right-clicking a region selection in the tree view.
Insert Allows you to insert a boundary, subdomain, or source point.
Edit in Command Editor Opens the Command Editor dialog box, displaying the CEL for the
selected object. For details, see Using the Command Editor Dialog
Box (p. 253).
View as CCL Tree Opens a window containing a tree view and details view for CCL
objects belonging to the selected domain.

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Command Description
Render Displays the following render options: Color This option allows you
to choose a color for the selected object. Lines This option allows
you to select to Show Wireframe, Show Mesh or No
Lines.Transparency This option lets you set the transparency levels
of the domain. The choices are Opaque, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, or
Transparent.Edit. Properties This option invokes the Render
Options dialog box. For details, see Render Options (p. 80).
Show Shows the object in the viewer.
Hide Hides the selected object in the 3D viewer.
Delete Deletes the selected object.
Rename Changes the selected objects name.
Alternatives When you right-click a location in the viewer, ANSYS CFX-Pre
presents a shortcut menu for one object at that location. Shortcut
menus for the other objects at the same location are accessible as
submenus under the Alternatives heading.

ANSYS CFX-Post Shortcuts for ANSYS CFX-Post (Viewer Background)

3D Viewer The following commands are available in ANSYS CFX-Post when you right-click the viewer
Shortcut Menu background:

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ANSYS CFX-Pre and ANSYS CFX-Post 3D Viewer: 3D Viewer Modes and Commands

Command Description
Deformation Specifies the deformation scale to be viewed. This option is only
available when the Total Mesh Displacement variable exists.
When an option is selected, it will be applied to all objects in every
view and figure. Select from the following:
Undeformed
Shows all objects as if they were not deformed
True Scale
Displays all objects with their regular deformation values
0.5x Auto
Shows all objects with half of the optimal (Auto) scale
Auto
Adjusts the deformation scaling for optimal viewing. Internally,
the deformation is scaled so that the maximum deformation
results in a viewable displacement of a percentage of the
domain extents, regardless of the problem size.
2x Auto
Adjusts the deformation to be double that of regular
deformation
5x Auto
Shows all objects with 5 times their regular deformation value.
Custom...
Opens the Deformation Scale dialog box and displays the
currently applied scale value for the deformation. Specify a new
value to change the scale.
Animate...
Opens the Animation dialog box in Quick Animation mode. For
details, see Animating Mesh Deformation Scaling (p. 121 in
"ANSYS CFX-Post User's Guide").
Copy to New Figure Creates a new figure based on the current camera position, zoom
level, and object visibility settings. For details, see Views and Figures
(p. 55). The figure appears under the Report object, and can be used
in a report. For details, see Reports (p. 15). The Make copies of
objects check box controls how the new figure is made:
When the check box is selected, visible objects are copied for
the new figure. Use this option if you want the figure to retain its
appearance when the original objects are modified.
When the check box is cleared, only the camera position, zoom
level, and the object visibility settings are stored in the
definition of the figure. Use this option if you want the figure to
automatically update with changes to the original objects.
Show Object Shows hidden objects, boundaries, and regions.
Copy Camera From Copies the camera angle from one of the custom views.

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 ANSYS CFX-Pre and ANSYS CFX-Post 3D Viewer: 3D Viewer Modes and Commands

Command Description
Predefined Camera Displays different views by changing the camera angle to a preset
direction.
Fit View Centers all visible objects in the viewer.
Auto-Fit View Automatically fits the view while you rotate the camera.
Projection Switches between perspective and orthographic camera angles.
Clip Scene Controls scene clipping via clip planes. For details, see Clip Plane
Command (p. 103).
Default Legend Shows or hides the default legend object.
Axis Shows or hides the axis orientation indicator in the bottom-right
corner of the viewer.
Ruler Shows or hides the ruler on the bottom of the viewer.
Print Same as selecting File > Print. For details, see Print (p. 56 in "ANSYS
CFX-Post User's Guide").
Viewer Options Opens the Options dialog box with the viewer options displayed.
For details, see Viewer (p. 39).

Shortcuts for ANSYS CFX-Post (Viewer Object)

The following commands are available in ANSYS CFX-Post when you right-click an object in
the viewer:

Command Description
Edit Opens the object for editing.
Hide Hides the selected object in the 3D viewer.
Animate Brings up the Animation dialog box and animates the selected
object automatically. For details, see Quick Animation (p. 119 in
"ANSYS CFX-Post User's Guide").
Color Changes the selected objects color.
Render Changes the selected objects render options (e.g., lighting, face
visibility).
Insert Opens another menu with options to insert planes, contours,
streamlines, etc. For details, see ANSYS CFX-Post Insert Menu (p. 61
in "ANSYS CFX-Post User's Guide").
Instance Reflection Applies a reflection to the selected domain. To use this command,
right click the corresponding wireframe in the viewer.
Probe Variable Opens a toolbar at the bottom of the viewer allowing the
specification of coordinate points and variable type. After each field
is changed, the solution automatically generates to the right of the
variable type setting. For details, see Probe (p. 126 in "ANSYS
CFX-Post User's Guide").

Hotkeys
A number of shortcut keys are available to carry out common viewer tasks. These can be
carried out by clicking in the viewer window and pressing the associated key.

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ANSYS CFX-Pre and ANSYS CFX-Post 3D Viewer: 3D Viewer Modes and Commands

Key Action
space Toggles between picking and viewing mode
arrow keys Rotates about the screen X and Y axes
<Ctrl> + up/down arrow keys Rotates about the screen Z direction (i.e. an axis
perpendicular to the screen)
<Shift> + arrow keys Moves the light source
1 Switches to one viewport
2 Switches to two viewports
3 Switches to three viewports
4 Switches to four viewports
c Centers the graphic object in the viewer window
n Toggles projection between orthographic and perspective
r Resets view to initial orientation
s Toggles the level of detail between auto, off, and on.
u Undoes transformation
U Redoes transformation
x Sets view towards +X axis
<Shift> + x Sets view towards -X axis
y Sets view towards +Y axis
<Shift> + y Sets view towards -Y axis
z Sets view towards +Z axis
<Shift> + z Sets view towards -Z axis

The information in this table is accessible by clicking the Show Help Dialog toolbar icon
in the 3D viewer toolbar.

Mouse Button Mapping

The mouse mapping options are available when running in standalone mode. They allow
you to assign viewer actions to mouse clicks and keyboard/mouse combinations.
To adjust or view the mouse mapping options, select Edit > Options, then select Viewer
Setup > Mouse Mapping in the Options dialog box.

Picking Mode
Picking mode is used to select and drag objects in the viewer. The mesh faces must be
visible on an object or region to allow it to be picked. Enter picking mode by selecting the

Single Select tool in a pull-down menu of the viewer toolbar. If the Single Select icon

is already visible, you can simply click the New Selection icon.
You can also pick objects while still in viewing mode by holding down the <Ctrl> and
<Shift> keys as you click in the viewer.

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 ANSYS CFX-Pre and ANSYS CFX-Post 3D Viewer: Views and Figures
Selecting Use the mouse to select objects (for example, points and boundaries) from the viewer.
Objects When a number of objects overlap, the one closest to the camera is picked.
You can change the picking mode by selecting one of the toolbar icons:

Single Select

Box Select

Polygon Select
For details, see 3D Viewer Modes and Commands (p. 48).

Moving Objects Point, plane and line objects can be moved in the viewer by dragging and dropping the
object to a new location. When an object is moved, its definition is updated in the details
view. Any other plots that are located on these movable objects are automatically updated.

Boundary Markers and Labels (ANSYS CFX-Pre only)

Click Label and Marker Visibility to bring up the Labels and Markers control form, used
to select/clear the display of named regions and markers in the viewer.

Label Options Select the respective options to enable label visibility.

To disable all labels, clear the Show Labels option. The first three specific options refer to
primitive and composite regions. For details, see Assemblies, Primitive Regions and
Composite Regions (p. 82).

Boundary Select the respective options to enable marker visibility.

Marker Options
The Show Boundary Markers option turns on boundary condition symbols such as arrows
indicating flow direction at an inlet.
Also see Boundary Condition Visualization (p. 188) for more details.

Views and Figures

Views and figures are CCL objects that can be used to store and switch between different
views in a given viewport. Each of these CCL objects contains the following information:
camera angle, zoom level, lighting, visibility setting of each object in the tree view.
By selecting a view or figure, the information contained in the view or figure is applied to the
active viewport.
By default, four views exist: View 1, View 2, View 3, View 4. When you are using multiple
viewports, viewport 1 uses View 1 by default, viewport 2 uses View 2 by default, etc.
In ANSYS CFX-Post, you can create figures, which are the same as views, except that they are
usable in reports. For details, see Reports (p. 15 in "ANSYS CFX-Post User's Guide").

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ANSYS CFX-Pre and ANSYS CFX-Post 3D Viewer: Views and Figures

Creating a Figure (ANSYS CFX-Post only)

In ANSYS CFX-Post, figures can be created by selecting Insert > Figure, or by selecting Copy
to New Figure from the viewer shortcut menu (after right-clicking a blank area in the 3D
viewer). The names of views that you create are of the form Figure m by default, where m
is an integer that results in a unique name.
A new figure gets its definition from the currently existing view or figure. The latter remains
active so that subsequent view manipulations do not affect the new figure.

Copying Objects A change made to an object will affect all figures that show that object. This can result in an
for Figures unwanted change to a figure after it has been created. In order to avoid this problem, you
may select the Make copies of objects option that is available when creating a new figure.
This causes all visible objects to be copied, and the new figure to use the copied objects
rather than the original ones.
Any copied objects for a figure will appear in the tree view under User Locations and
Plots > Local Objects for FigureName, where FigureName is the name of the figure.

Switching to a View or Figure

To switch to a view or figure, do one of the following:
Use the drop-down menu in the upper-left corner of the viewport.
For figures only: Double-click the figure in the tree view (under the Report object).
For figures only: Right-click the figure in the tree view (under the Report object), then
select Edit from the shortcut menu.

Changing the Definition of a View or Figure

To change a view or figure:
1. Switch to the view or figure that you want to change.
For details, see Switching to a View or Figure (p. 56).
2. Change the view or figure either directly (e.g., rotate the view), or, in ANSYS CFX-Post
only, select one of the Copy Camera From commands from the viewer shortcut menu
after right-clicking a blank area of the viewer.
View and figure objects are saved automatically when you switch to a different view or
figure.

Deleting a Figure (ANSYS CFX-Post only)

The figure objects that you have created can be deleted using the tree view or the viewer
shortcut menu. To use the viewer shortcut menu:
1. Switch to the figure that you want to delete.
2. Select the Delete Figure command from the viewer shortcut menu after right-clicking
a blank area of the viewer.

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 ANSYS CFX-Pre and ANSYS CFX-Post 3D Viewer: Views and Figures

Backwards Compatibility and Views

In release 11 of ANSYS CFX-Post, some significant changes have occurred with respect to
cameras and viewports.
Before version 11, all of the four viewports would display all objects whose Visibility
parameter was set to On, unless specific filtering was performed to hide certain objects or
types of objects.
The way of defining viewports and views has changed significantly in the CCL. ANSYS
CFX-Post attempts to convert the old CCL to new CCL. For simple cases this works very well.
In some cases, loading a version 10 state file will not give you exactly the same results in
version 11, so you may need to edit the resulting state and save the state again in a version
11 state file.
There are some cases where backwards compatibility fails for the viewport cameras:
When cameras are defined in other files and a state file refers to the other file. The
backwards compatibility code will only convert a single CCL file in isolation of all others.
Hence, if cameras and viewports are not specified in the file in which they are used, the
conversion cannot be done.
All viewport filtering is ignored, and no attempt at conversion is made.

Viewports and In ANSYS CFX 11, there are four default views that are handled specially. These are named:
Views: View 1, View 2, View 3 and View 4. These views will not be included in ANSYS CFX-Post
Background
reports. However, any of these views can be viewed in any of the viewports, and you can
create new views or figures that will be shown in reports.

Backwards To assist in converting CAMERA objects in old state and session files for use in ANSYS CFX
Compatibility 11, ANSYS CFX-Post will convert all non-default cameras to equivalent views. E.g. If a state
for CAMERA
file created in ANSYS CFX-Post 10 contains the camera 'My Camera', when loaded in ANSYS
objects
CFX-Post 11 a new VIEW object named 'My Camera View' will be created with the same
camera definition associated with it.
Such new views will be available in the viewport title bar drop-down list, and in the viewer
shortcut menu (right-click the viewer background and select 'Copy Camera From').
However, they will not appear in the tree view, and hence will not appear in the report.

Object Visibility The visibility of an object is now specified by the VIEW that should display the object, rather
than the object specifying whether it is visible. That is, the object is made visible in a certain
view--it is no longer a property of the object.
The new VIEW object has a parameter named Object Visibility List that is set to a
comma-separated list of object paths that should be visible in the VIEW object.
Here is an example of the VIEW object CCL to define the visibility for the view:
VIEW: View 1
Object Visibility List = /PLANE:Plane 1, /VECTOR:Vector 4
END

Note: The Object Visibility List parameter should only contain object paths, and not
object names.

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ANSYS CFX-Pre and ANSYS CFX-Post 3D Viewer: Views and Figures
Setting the Visibility parameter on an object no longer has any effect.
For session files, there are new command actions that allow you to change the visibility of
objects:
>show
>hide
>toggle
Each of these actions will take an object name, path, or list of names and paths for which to
show, hide, or toggle the visibility. Also, the actions optionally take a parameter that
specifies the view to show the object. The visibility action parameters can alternatively take
names or entire paths to specify the objects and the views.
Example 1: The following action will show the object /PLANE:Plane 1 in all existing views,
including user figures.
>show Plane 1
Example 2: The following action will hide both /PLANE:Plane 1 and /PLANE:Plane 2 in
view /VIEW:View 1.
>hide Plane 1, /PLANE:Plane 2, view=View 1
Example 3: If Plane 1 is visible, and Plane 2 is not visible in /VIEW:View 2, the following
action will make /PLANE:Plane 1 not visible, and /PLANE:Plane 2 visible in view
/VIEW:View 2:
>toggle Plane 1, Plane 2, view=/VIEW:View 2

Cameras In version 11, CAMERA objects no longer exist independently. Cameras are now defined on
a view.
For example, in ANSYS CFX-Post version 10, you may have the following CCL in your state:
CAMERA:Default CFX Camera
Option = Pivot Point and Quaternion
Pan = -0.0175507, 0.0526522
Pivot Point = 0, 0, 0
Rotation = -90, 0, 0
Rotation Quaternion = -0.592663, 0.114861, 0.15174, 0.782646
Scale = 0.397002
END
VIEWER:
Camera Mode = User Specified
Standard View = Isometric Y
User Camera = Default CFX Camera
END
In this case, the VIEWER object is referring to the Default CFX Camera object to define its
camera position. In ANSYS CFX-Post version 11, this would look like this:
VIEW:View 1
Camera Mode = User Specified
Standard View = Isometric Y
CAMERA:
Option = Pivot Point and Quaternion
Pan = -0.0175507, 0.0526522
Pivot Point = 0, 0, 0
Rotation = -90, 0, 0
Rotation Quaternion = -0.592663, 0.114861, 0.15174, 0.782646
Scale = 0.397002
END
END

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 ANSYS CFX-Pre and ANSYS CFX-Post 3D Viewer: Views and Figures
Note the following differences:
The VIEWER name was changed to VIEW:View 1
The User Camera parameter is gone
The CAMERA object is now a subobject of the VIEW object, and is no longer a named
object (that is, it just has CAMERA:, not CAMERA:Default CFX Camera).

Associations If using only default cameras and views, the mapping between version 10
cameras/viewports and version 11 views would be as follows:

ANSYS CFX-Post ANSYS CFX-Post

version 10 version 11
Viewports Cameras VIEWS
/VIEWER: /CAMERA:Default CFX Camera /VIEW:View 1
/VIEWPORT:Viewport 1 /CAMERA:Default CFX Camera VP1 /VIEW:View 2
/VIEWPORT:Viewport 2 /CAMERA:Default CFX Camera VP2 /VIEW:View 3
/VIEWPORT:Viewport 3 /CAMERA:Default CFX Camera VP3 /VIEW:View 4

Legends In ANSYS CFX-Post version 10, there was a single default legend: /DEFAULT LEGEND. In
version 11, there is now a default legend for each VIEW object. The default legend is
automatically created and deleted along with the view. By default, the default legend is
made visible in the view it is associated with.
Backwards compatibility code will handle the creation of the appropriate default legends
without your interaction.

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Importing and Transforming
Meshes

Introduction
This chapter describes:
Importing Meshes (p. 62)
Mesh Tree View (p. 75)
Deleting Meshes and Mesh Components from the Tree View (p. 75)
Transform Mesh Command (p. 76)
Gluing Meshes Together (p. 80)
Mesh Editor (p. 80)
Render Options (p. 80)
Mesh Topology in ANSYS CFX-Pre (p. 82)
Advanced Topic: cfx5gtmconvert Application (p. 85)

ANSYS CFX-Pre can import meshes from a wide range of sources.

You can position and scale each imported mesh as required. For details, see Transform Mesh
Command (p. 76).
Additional information on assemblies, primitive regions, composite regions and the regions
that are created when importing meshes is available. For details, see Mesh Topology in
ANSYS CFX-Pre (p. 82).
You can import more than one mesh per ANSYS CFX-Pre simulation. After you have
imported all your meshes and created all your domains, the domains should be joined
together, either by gluing them together, or by using domain interfaces. For details, see
Gluing Meshes Together (p. 80) and Domain Interfaces (p. 191 in "ANSYS CFX-Pre User's
Guide").

If Highlighting is selected (from the viewer toolbar), mesh entities will be highlighted in
the viewer when you select them in the tree view.

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Importing and Transforming Meshes: Importing Meshes

Importing Meshes
Meshes are imported via the Import Mesh dialog box which is accessible in several ways:
By selecting File > Import Mesh
By right-clicking the Mesh branch in the tree view and selecting Import Mesh from the
shortcut menu

By selecting Browse when setting the file name for a mesh (e.g., in Turbomachinery
mode).
You can multi-select mesh files by holding the <Ctrl> key while you click on the file names.
Import options may appear on the Import Mesh dialog box, depending on the type of mesh
being imported. Some common import options are described next. Other options that are
specific to particular mesh formats are discussed in Supported Mesh File Types (p. 63).

Importing Multiple Meshes

It is possible in CFX-Pre to import multiple mesh file to construct an appropriate model for
your simulation. Each mesh imported is represented in the Mesh part of the tree by a unique
identifier based on the name of the mesh file imported.
In general, a mesh file is represented by the file name of the file imported without any
preceding path (for example, if you imported C:\Directory\File.cmdb, this will be
represented in the tree as File.cmdb). If after transforming the file name in this way the
transformed name is already present in the tree, either because this is an earlier import of
the same file or another file with the same name has been imported from a different
directory, the new file will be labelled with a suffix, such as File.cmdb(1) for example.
If multiple mesh files are transformed in such a way that the result of the transformation
glues the two files together or the files are explicitly glued together, the original mesh file
entries will no longer appear under MESH entry as file names, but the resulting Principal 3D
regions will appear under a Merged Meshes item under Mesh.

Common Import Options

Assembly Prefix This is the name used to prefix the assemblies that are created when the mesh is imported.
A number suffix is added to the second, and any subsequent meshes, using the same
assembly prefix, so that each assembly is named uniquely.

Mesh Units This option is displayed depending on the file type selected. The units selected on the
Import Mesh dialog box are the units used to import the mesh and are the default units for
transforming mesh assemblies using the Mesh Transformation Editor dialog box. These
units are local to the mesh import and transformation options and do not affect either the
solution units or the units set under Edit > Options.
For details, see Solution Units (p. 134).
For details, see Units (p. 40).

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 Importing and Transforming Meshes: Importing Meshes
ANSYS CFX-Pre will attempt to determine the units used in a mesh file and convert them to
the specified units during import. For example, a mesh of 1000 units long, with units in the
mesh file of mm, will appear in ANSYS CFX-Pre as 1 m long, if units of m are set on the Import
Mesh dialog box. If ANSYS CFX-Pre cannot determine the units used in the mesh file, then
in this example the mesh would appear as 1000 m long.

Ignore Invalid If your mesh import fails because of invalid degenerate elements, then you can enable this
Degenerate toggle. However, your mesh may not be valid for use in the ANSYS CFX-Solver. You may
Elements
have to fix or remove the degenerate elements in the software used to generate the mesh.

Duplicate Node Duplicate Node Checking is off by default and, in general, need not be selected.
Checking
Nodes within the specified relative tolerance are equivalenced into a single node (duplicate
node removal). The default tolerance of 1e-05 is sensible and you should not change it. The
relative tolerance is based on the local mesh length scale, so by default nodes within
0.001% of the average mesh edge length of all edges connected to a node will be
equivalenced.

Supported Mesh File Types

ANSYS Meshing Files (p. 63)
CFX Mesh Files (p. 64)
CFX Solver files (p. 64)
ICEM CFD Files (p. 64)
ANSYS Files (p. 64)
Fluent Files (p. 65)
CGNS Files (p. 65)
CFX-TASCflow Files (p. 68)
CFX-4 Grid Files (p. 71)
CFX-BladeGenPlus Files (p. 73)
PATRAN Neutral Files (p. 73)
IDEAS Universal Files (p. 73)
GridPro/az3000 Grid Files (p. 74)
NASTRAN Files (p. 74)
Pointwise Gridgen Files (p. 74)

Note: Users of the DesignModeler, Meshing Application and CFX products should refer to
Meshing Help > Meshing Capabilities in Workbench > Named Selections and Regions for
CFX Products in the ANSYS Workbench online help for important information about region
definitions.

ANSYS Meshing ANSYS Meshing files of the form *cmdb and *dsdb can be imported.
Files
Note: You must have ANSYS Workbench version 11.0 installed in order to import ANSYS
Meshing files (cmdb and dsdb) into ANSYS CFX-Pre or ANSYS CFX-Post.

You can specify an assembly prefix. For details, see Common Import Options (p. 62).

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Importing and Transforming Meshes: Importing Meshes
There are import settings that are specific to ANSYS Meshing files.
The Model(s) To Read setting defaults to All, which specifies that all models are to be
imported from the ANSYS Meshing file. However, if you load a cmdb/dsdb file that has
multiple models in it, you can specify which models to load.

Contact Detection Settings

The Contact Detection check box, when selected, makes contact detection settings
available.
When importing ANSYS Mesh files (*cmdb / *dsdb files), it is possible to use the ANSYS
contact detection methods to determine whether regions within the mesh are in contact
with each other. ANSYS CFX-Pre uses this method to determine which mesh volumes should
be placed within each mesh assembly and which 2D regions are connected.
In the Options panel, and the mesh import advanced options, there are a number of
settings that can be adjusted relating to contact.
The Detection Between setting can be set to Bodies or All Contact. When using the
Bodies option, 2D regions will be matched between different bodies. This is the default
option and should result in bodies that are close to one another being placed in the same
mesh assembly. If automatic domain interface generation is enabled, interfaces will be
generated between such regions. When using the All Contact option, ANSYS CFX-Pre will
still recognize contact between discrete bodies, but in addition, it will look for contact
between 2D regions within the same body, or volume. This can result in unexpected
behavior, such as adjacent surfaces being considered in contact and hence this is not the
default option, but in some cases, where there are non-matched 2D mesh regions within a
mesh volume, it can help generate internal interfaces.
The tolerance that is used in detecting contact can be altered and it is possible to define it
relative to the local geometry size, or as an absolute spatial value.

CFX Mesh Files The CFX Mesh (*.gtm, *.cfx) files are native for ANSYS CFX-Pre; therefore, all information
in such a file is read in by the import process. There are no options needed to control the
reading of these files.

Note: Only *.cfx files that are version 11.0 or newer are supported.

CFX Solver files CFX Solver files include definition (*.def), results (*.res), transient results (*.trn), and
backup (*.bak) results files. There are no options specific to importing ANSYS CFX Def/Res
files but the general advanced options are available. For details, see Common Import
Options (p. 62).
Additional information on the regions created in ANSYS CFX-Pre when ANSYS CFX solver
files are imported is available. For details, see Mesh Topology in ANSYS CFX-Pre (p. 82).

ICEM CFD Files ICEM CFD files are of the form *cfx, *cfx5, *msh. There are no import options specific to
ICEM CFD files. For details, see Common Import Options (p. 62).

ANSYS Files ANSYS files are of the form *cdb or *inp. There are no import options specific to ANSYS files.
For details, see Common Import Options (p. 62).

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 Importing and Transforming Meshes: Importing Meshes
Only .cdb files can be imported into ANSYS CFX-Pre. If you have an ANSYS .db file you can
convert it to a .cdb file in ANSYS by:
1. Opening the ANSYS database in ANSYS.
2. Issuing the ALLSEL command to select everything.
3. Issuing the CDWRITE, DB command to write the .cdb file.
To get a list of all element types (ET)/keyops(KEYOP) that are supported by mesh import,
you can run the following from the operating system command line:
<CFXROOT>/bin/<OS>/ImportANSYS.exe -S

Note: Before executing the CDWRITE command, verify that the data base has a separate
named component of 2D MESH200 elements for each surface that will require a boundary
condition. Delete any MESH200 elements that are not members of named components. To
define specific 3D regions, create a 3D named component of 3D elements. The component
names will appear in ANSYS CFX-Pre as defined regions.

Fluent Files Fluent files of the form *cas and *msh can be imported.

CGNS Files CGNS files are of the form: *.cgns. Applicable import options are:
Ignore Invalid Degenerate Elements (p. 63)
Duplicate Node Checking (p. 63)

Importing CGNS files into ANSYS CFX

Method
Mesh data contained within CGNS files can be read into a ANSYS CFX-Pre after a new case
has been created or an existing case has been opened. To read the CGNS file, select the file
to import and, if necessary, alter the options used to import the mesh under the Advanced
Options section.
Further information on importing files is contained within the standard documentation.

Base (Base_t)
The top-level object in a CGNS file is a container called a base, a CGNS file that can contain
multiple bases. What a base contains is user defined so that ANSYS CFX-Pre allows all bases
to be read by one import, or single bases to be read by separate imports.

Zone (Zone_t)
Each base contains one or more zones. For each base read, the import process reads all
zones, provided they are 3D dimensional (structured or unstructured zones are supported).
Grids can be read in single or double precision.
Zones may be specified in Cartesian or Cylindrical coordinates. Other coordinate
systems are not currently supported.

Elements (ElementSection_t)
Element sections can be imported as regions of interest or ignored. How this is done is
controlled by the GUI the user must understand which behavior he wants to see it may
be useful to import the element sections, for example, if the file has been written with all

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Importing and Transforming Meshes: Importing Meshes
faces (2D elements) in a boundary patch as a separate element section, which could be
useful for setting up the problem in ANSYS CFX-Pre. Similar scenarios can be imagined in 3D
element sections or even mixed element sections.

Element Types Supported

Supported 3D elements (TETRA_4, PYRA_5, PENTA_6 and HEXA_8). Other 3D elements can
be read but are reduced to the lower order elements (i.e., TETRA_10 is translated to TETRA_4
and then this is imported).
Supported 2D elements (TRI_3 and QUAD_4). Other 2D elements can be read but are
reduced to the lower order elements (i.e., TRI_6 is translated to TRI_3 and then is imported).
The vertices of 2D elements should ideally be based on the node indices as are used for to
define the 3D elements.
It is preferable to define 2D elements with parent information so that mapping from 2D
elements to 3D elements does not have to be determined by the process, thus, reducing
import times.

Boundary Conditions (BC_t)

Boundary conditions are processed but physical setup information (equations, etc.) is
ignored. The facility for importing the CGNS files into ANSYS CFX (CFX-Pre) is a mesh (grid)
importer, not a physics importer.
No physics information is imported. Boundary condition locations are read because the
collections (regions) of mesh elements the condition is defined upon are required for ease
of use and correct physics setup in ANSYS CFX.
It is quicker to read boundary conditions when they are defined as a range of elements
(ElementRange) or a list of elements (ElementList), rather than a range of nodes
(PointRange) or a list of nodes (PointList). The later may also be read but the nodes
referenced must also be used by higher dimension elements (e.g., 3D elements) for correct
interpretation.

Families (Family_t, FamilyBC_t, FamilyName_t)

Families are read and, in general, imported as composite regions (groupings) of underlying
primitive regions.

Grid Connectivity (GridConnectivity_t and GridConnectivity1to1_t)

Grid connectivity can be read but with certain restrictions.
If the interface is read from a GridConnectivity1to1_t node or is a read from a
GridConnectivity_t node and is of type Abutting1to1, importing of the node mapping
is attempted.
If the node mapping cannot be established or the user requests that the two sides of the
interface are imported as separate regions.
Other interface types are always imported as two separate regions.

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 Importing and Transforming Meshes: Importing Meshes
CGNS Data Ignored
The CGNS Mid Level Library Documentation Page
(http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/cgns/midlevel/index.html) details the interface used for
reading CGNS files within ANSYS CFX-Pre. The following high level headings used within the
document are ignored.
Simulation Type
Descriptors
Physical Data
Location and Position1
Auxiliary Data
Solution Data
Equation specification
Time Dependent Data

Prefix regions with zone name

This check box determines whether or not each imported region is prefixed with the name
of the zone within which it is defined.

Create Regions From: Element Sections

Each element section that specifies the topology of elements within the CGNS file may or
may not imply a grouping of these elements that is important. If the grouping of elements
within each element section is important, this option should be enabled so the grouping is
preserved within ANSYS CFX-Pre.
Element sections can be 2D or 3D or a mixture of both, and as such can form 3D regions or
2D regions in ANSYS CFX-Pre.
The way they are grouped depends on vendor interpretation of the CGNS standard.

Create Regions From: Boundary Patches

This check box determines whether or not to import boundary patches as regions.

Create Regions From: Families

This check box determines whether or not to import families of elements, or faces as
regions.

Create Regions From: Connectivity Mappings

This check box determines whether or not to import zone interfaces (i.e, 1-to-1 and GGI
connections) as regions.

Example of Create Regions From

Consider a CGNS file with one zone, Zone 1, comprising of four elements sections (ES1 and
ES2 defining the 3D elements, and ES3 and ES4 defining the 2D elements). It also contains
2D boundary patches BC1 and BC2.

1. Rind Data is processed but not imported.

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Importing and Transforming Meshes: Importing Meshes
These element sections, ES1 and ES2, could be, for example, comprised of hexahedral
elements in ES1 and tetrahedral elements in ES2. In this case, the groupings of elements into
the first two element sections appears to be due to their topological identity. However, this
may or may not be the case and the user must decided as to whether importing these
groupings is important.
In this case, it may be that ES1 and ES2 should be combined by clearing the Create Regions
From: Element Sections option. Another possibility is that ES1 may be a sub-region of
mesh which should be kept separate (i.e, will be set up as a subdomain). If that were the
case, Element Sections should be enabled.
If BC1 is defined on all the faces in ES3 and BC2 is defined on all the faces in ES4, then it will
probably not be necessary to select Boundary Patches if Element Sections is enabled, as
this would introduce complexity in the region definitions (i.e, composites would be
defined). However if the groupings of ES3 and ES4 are different from the groupings in the
boundary conditions then Create Regions From: Boundary Patches should be selected.

Read Only One CGNS Base

When this toggle is enabled, a mesh is read from a single base specified by the CGNS base
to read number. If your CGNS file only contains a single base, you should leave the number
set to 1. If it contains more than one base, you should specify the base number from which
to read. If the base number specified does not exist, an error will be raised. If it does not
contain a valid mesh then a mesh will not be imported.
If you disable the Read Only One CGNS Base toggle, then ANSYS CFX-Pre will look for
meshes in all bases and import them. If multiple assemblies are imported and they overlap,
then the mesh will be invalid within ANSYS CFX-Pre unless assemblies are transformed in
some way.
For details, see SplitCGNS.exe (p. 47 in "ANSYS CFX Reference Guide"). This is a program that
splits a CGNS file into multiple problem files.

CFX-TASCflow CFX-TASCflow mesh files are of the form *.grd or are simply named grd. You may receive
Files warning messages when importing a CFX-TASCflow mesh file: these will usually tell you
which regions have not been imported. The sections below indicate the situations when a
warning message may occur.
If Convert 3D Region Labels to Regions is selected, then the 3D Region labels in the .grd
file are imported as individual 3D Regions. The default setting omits all 3D Region labels.
If Ignore One-to-One Connections is selected, then one-to-one contiguous grid
connections are deleted on import. You would then have to re-create the connections
in ANSYS CFX-Pre. There are very few cases when you would want to enable this toggle.
Select the file type for the imported mesh from the GRD File Format Type drop down.
You can select from Formatted, Unformatted or Unknown. If you select Unknown, ANSYS
CFX attempts to determine the file format before importing the mesh.
If Retain Block Off is selected, then user defined elements that are blocked off in the
mesh file are not imported into ANSYS CFX-Pre. If not selected, then user defined
objects are ignored and the elements are included in the imported mesh (rarely
desired).

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 Importing and Transforming Meshes: Importing Meshes
Additional information is available.
For details, see Ignore Invalid Degenerate Elements (p. 63).
For details, see Duplicate Node Checking (p. 63).

Convert 3D Region Labels to Regions

This toggle controls 3D region import from the .grd file only. When selected, 3D regions in
the .grd file will be imported into separate 3D primitives in ANSYS CFX-Pre. If you do not
select this option, all mesh elements will be imported into a single 3D primitive that is
uniquely named by the import process. 3D regions defined in the .gci and .bcf files are
always imported.

Grid Connections Processed (in the .grd file)

When importing CFX-TASCflow meshes, the only grid connections that are imported
automatically are many-to-one contiguous topology connections that are specified as
one-to-one node pairings.
Many-to-one contiguous topology connections that involve any number of many-to-one
node groupings are ignored and a warning message is issued; however, the two sides of the
connection are preserved as a pair of 2D regions on which a GGI Connection can be defined.
You should re-create the connection in ANSYS CFX-Pre using a Fluid-Fluid Domain Interface.
For details, see Creating a Domain Interface (p. 195). In some cases, if you have not created
regions in CFX-TASCflow on each side of an interface, you will not be able to re-create it in
ANSYS CFX-Pre since there will be no region available for selection. If this occurs, you should
explicitly create regions in CFX-TASCflow before importing the mesh into ANSYS CFX-Pre.

Important: Some ANSYS TurboGrid grids contain many-to-one node groupings. These will
not be imported into ANSYS CFX-Pre. You need to know if your grid contains these
connections and then re-create them in ANSYS CFX-Pre using Fluid-Fluid Domain Interfaces.
Many-to-one periodic topology connections are always removed with a warning message
issued. You should re-create the connections using a periodic domain interface. For details,
see Creating a Domain Interface (p. 195).
The regions associated with periodic boundary conditions are imported, but you will need
to assign the regions to a periodic domain interface.

Grid Embedding
Embedded grids, along with the parent grid, are automatically imported into separate
assemblies in ANSYS CFX-Pre. The many-to-one topology connections on the interface
between the embedded grid and the parent grid will be removed and a warning issued. You
will need to create fluid-fluid domain interfaces between the embedded grid and the parent
grid. For details, see Creating a Domain Interface (p. 195).

Retain Block-off
The Retain BlockOff toggle is enabled by default. There is no harm in leaving this on, but it
is not required unless user defined block-off is defined in the .bcf the file, and you wish it
to remain blocked-off (ignored).

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Porous and CHT objects in the .bcf file are ignored, and must be manually created in ANSYS
CFX-Pre after importing the grid. You should make sure that a 3D volume region was
defined in the grd file for the porous or CHT object location prior to import.
By default, ANSYS CFX-Pre will look in the same directory as the .grd file to locate the bcf
file. If the .bcf file is located elsewhere, you can browse and select the file.

Regions in the .grd file

You should delete any regions from the .grd file that are not needed.
If necessary, you can force all user defined regions to be included in a .grd file by
executing the following command at the TASCtool command prompt:
TASCtool{}: write grd all_regions_to_grd=on
This is usually not needed since you can import regions from the .gci file directly (see
below).
Note that when faces are referenced by more than one named region, the import process
will resolve this conflict such that faces are not referenced by more than one region.

Boundary Conditions in .bcf File

The regions associated with the boundary conditions defined in the .bcf file are imported
into ANSYS CFX-Pre. The boundary condition physics definitions are ignored and must be
defined in ANSYS CFX-Pre.
The CFX-TASCflow symmetry/slip boundary condition should be re-created as either:
A symmetry boundary condition for flat surfaces.
A wall boundary condition using the Free Slip option for curved surfaces.

Regions in the .gci File

Regions in the .gci file defined in (i, j, k) coordinates (e.g., boundary conditions) are
imported if the Use GCI file toggle is enabled on the Advanced Options tab. By default,
ANSYS CFX-Pre looks in the same directory as the .grd file for the location of the .gci file.
You should select the location of the .gci file by clicking on the browse icon if it is located
elsewhere.
Regions defined in physical space (x, y, z coordinates) are always ignored.
An alternative method for reading the .gci file is to force all regions to be included in the
.grd file. For details, see Regions in the .grd file (p. 70).

Importing CFX-TASCflow TurboPre MFR Grids

You can create multiple domains from a single .grd file if it contains multiple 3D regions or
GGI connections. For an MFR grid, a separate assembly will be created for each
non-continuous grid region. This allows a MFR case to be easily re-created in ANSYS CFX-Pre
from a single mesh import.
Grids from CFX-TASCflow TurboPre usually contain many named regions that may not be
required to set up the problem in ANSYS CFX-Pre. You might want to remove some of these
regions before importing the grid to speed up the import of the mesh and simplify the
imported mesh.

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 Importing and Transforming Meshes: Importing Meshes
In CFX-TASCflow TurboPre, you can create multiple copies of blade passages. The open
ends of the machine section will use a periodic connection. These must be re-created in
ANSYS CFX-Pre using a periodic domain interface. For details, see Creating a Domain
Interface (p. 195). The internal connection between blade passages can be connected in
CFX-TASCflow TurboPre using an automatic periodic boundary condition. If such a
connection is used you will have to manually re-connect each passage in ANSYS CFX-Pre.
You might therefore want to define a many-to-one topology connection for one-to-one grid
connections so that passages are connected by CFX-TASCflow TurboPre as topology
connections (which import immediately). For details, see Grid Connections Processed (in
the .grd file) (p. 69).

Parameter File
CFX-TASCflow does not have units checking, whereas ANSYS CFX-Pre does. Grid numbers
will be imported using the units specified on the Import Mesh dialog box. You should
convert all units in the properties and parameter files within TASCflow into SI units (kg,
meter, second) prior to import.

CFX-4 Grid Files ANSYS CFX grid files are of the form *.geo.
Select Split Symmetry Planes to split symmetry planes which exist in more than one
region. For details, see Split Symmetry Planes (p. 71).
Select Import from Cylindrical Coordinates to transform a problem defined in
cylindrical coordinates into Cartesian coordinates for use in ANSYS CFX-Pre. It should be
enabled for all CFX-4 problems that use cylindrical coordinates. For details, see Import
from Cylindrical Coordinates (p. 72).
Select Block Interfaces to create 2D regions in ANSYS CFX-Pre on block interfaces. For
details, see Create 2D Regions on: (p. 72).
Import 2D axisymmetric mesh. For details, see Import 2D Axisymmetric Mesh (p. 73).
Other available options are:
Ignore Invalid Degenerate Elements (p. 63)
Duplicate Node Checking (p. 63)

Split Symmetry Planes

The Split Symmetry Planes option is on by default. Symmetry planes that are defined by
more than one CFX-4 region will be split so that each definition is imported. For example, a
symmetry plane which is defined on two sides of a 3D region will be split into regions named
<regionname>1 and <regionname>2, etc., where <regionname> is the original name of
the symmetry plane in the CFX-4 file.

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Importing and Transforming Meshes: Importing Meshes
Import from Cylindrical Coordinates
ANSYS CFX-Pre can import problems defined in Cylindrical Coordinate (x, r, ) form from
CFX-4. The problem is converted to Cartesian Coordinates (x, y, z) by the import process. The
resulting ANSYS CFX Solver (definition) file will not be written in cylindrical coordinates. You
must select the Import from Cylindrical Coordinates option to successfully import a CFX-4
cylindrical coordinate problem.

Note: This is NOT the same as an axisymmetric problem. For details, see Import 2D
Axisymmetric Mesh (p. 73).

Create 2D Regions on:

Block Interfaces - When this option is selected, named regions will be created on the
interfaces between mesh blocks. This can produce many regions in ANSYS CFX-Pre, so
it is usually better to define all the regions you require as patches in CFX-4.

Create 3D Regions on:

Fluid Regions (USER3D, POROUS) - In CFX-4 most 3D, regions are classified as USER3D
patches. Porous regions are treated in the same way as USER3D regions when importing
them into ANSYS CFX-Pre. When the Fluid Regions (USER3D, POROUS) toggle is not
selected, these regions are not imported. When the toggle is selected, they are imported
as separate 3D regions. This toggle should be selected if you need the USER3D regions
to create domains and subdomains. You should disable it to simplify the regions created
in ANSYS CFX-Pre. If, in CFX-4, you have created a USER3D region for the purpose of
creating thin surfaces, you do not need to import the USER3D region in ANSYS CFX-Pre
because thin surfaces can be defined without the need for a separate subdomain.

Blocked Off Regions (SOLIDs):

If Fluid Regions (USER3D, POROUS) is not selected, and Blocked Off Regions
(SOLIDs) is not selected, then SOLID regions are blocked-off (i.e, this part of the mesh is
not imported).
If Fluid Regions (USER3D, POROUS) is not selected, and Blocked Off Regions
(SOLIDs) is selected, then SOLID regions are imported into the default 3D region
created by the import process.
If Fluid Regions (USER3D, POROUS) is selected, and Import SOLID regions is toggled
OFF, then SOLID regions become blocked-off (i.e, this part of the mesh is not imported).
If Fluid Regions (USER3D, POROUS) is selected, and Import SOLID regions is toggled
ON, then SOLID regions are imported as separate 3D regions (which can be useful for
CHT simulations).

Conducting Solid Regions (SOLCONs):

These are regions defined as conducting solid regions in CFX-4. There is no way to
completely ignore SOLCON regions, they are always imported as either a separate
region or as part of the parent region. If you wish to ignore these regions (i.e, so there is
no flow), then they should be removed from the CFX-4 mesh file using CFX-4 or with
manual editing. Alternatively they can be imported but simply not used to define a
subdomain in ANSYS CFX-Pre. The import behavior is described below:

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 Importing and Transforming Meshes: Importing Meshes
If Fluid Regions (USER3D, POROUS) is not selected, and Conducting Solid
Regions (SOLCONs) is not selected, then SOLCON regions are imported as part of
the Assembly 3D region.
If Fluid Regions (USER3D, POROUS) is not selected, and Conducting Solid
Regions (SOLCONs) is selected, then SOLCON regions are imported as separate 3D
regions.
If Fluid Regions (USER3D, POROUS) is selected, and Conducting Solid Regions
(SOLCONs) is not selected, then SOLCON regions are imported as part of the
regions in which they appear.
If Fluid Regions (USER3D, POROUS) is selected, and Conducting Solid Regions
(SOLCONs) is selected, then SOLCON regions are imported as separate 3D regions
and will be cut out of the parent regions.

Import 2D Axisymmetric Mesh

You can enable this toggle if you wish to import a mesh created as a 2D mesh on an
axisymmetric section in CFX-4. This is different to a mesh defined using cylindrical
coordinates; however, it can also use an (x, r, ) coordinate system. The CFX-4 mesh must
be only 1 element thick in the k direction to use this option.
The Number of Planes value allows you to create additional planes in the direction
within the original 2D mesh to create a 3D problem. This will increase the number of
elements in the k direction, but does not change the extent of the mesh.
The Angle value should be the angle of the mesh section in degrees. Since the mesh is
only one element thick, then is same for all nodes.

Importing MFR Grids

If you have a CFX-4 MFR case, it can easily be imported into ANSYS CFX-Pre and re-created.
Each non-continuous mesh section will be imported into a separate assembly.
Each USER3D region will be imported into a separate 3D primitive.
Both assemblies and 3D primitives can be used to create separate domains.

CFX-BladeGenPl CFX-BladeGenPlus files are of the form *bg+. There are no options specific to importing
us Files CFX-BladeGenPlus files. For details, see Common Import Options (p. 62).

PATRAN Neutral PATRAN Neutral files are of the form *.out.

Files
Select Import Distributed Loads as 2D Regions to convert predefined distributed
loads as 2D primitives within ANSYS CFX-Pre.
For details, see Common Import Options (p. 62).

IDEAS Universal IDEAS Universal files are of the form unv.

Files
Select the entities, under IDEAS Universal Specific Options, to import from
Permanent Groups.
For details, see Common Import Options (p. 62).

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Importing and Transforming Meshes: Importing Meshes
IDEAS mesh files contain groups of nodes, faces and/or elements. The groups can be normal
groups or permanent groups. The normal groups are imported into ANSYS CFX-Pre as up to
three separate regions, depending on the information available in the mesh file. These
regions will be named:
<groupName>_Nodes
<groupName>_Faces
<groupName>_Elements

Only permanent groups of the selected types are imported into ANSYS CFX-Pre. If
overlapping regions are imported, ANSYS CFX-Pre will split them into distinct regions;
therefore, you may not want to import all permanent group types.

GridPro/az3000 GridPro/az3000 grid files are of the form *.grid.

Grid Files
Select Include Periodic Regions to convert predefined periodic boundaries into 2D
primitives on import.
Select Ignore Connectivity to import grid blocks as unconnected 3D primitives.
Ignoring connectivity does not equivalence nodes at grid block interfaces.
Select Import Grid Blocks as Subdomains so that for each predefined grid block, a
separate 3D primitive is created.
Selecting Ignore Properties causes data in the properties file to be ignored. This
includes boundary conditions, 2D and 3D regions, and other data.
Additional information is available.
For details, see Ignore Invalid Degenerate Elements (p. 63).
For details, see Duplicate Node Checking (p. 63).

NASTRAN Files NASTRAN files can be imported.

When Include Subdomains is cleared, all mesh elements are merged into a single 3D
primitive.
Distributed Loads are pressure boundaries which, if imported, are used to generate 2D
primitives in ANSYS CFX-Pre. Select Import Loads as 2D Regions to import Distributed
Loads.
Additional information is available.
For details, see Ignore Invalid Degenerate Elements (p. 63).
For details, see Duplicate Node Checking (p. 63).

Pointwise Pointwise Gridgen files can be imported. There are no options available specific to the
Gridgen Files Pointwise Gridgen format. For details, see Common Import Options (p. 62).

User Import If you should require facilities for importing a mesh other than those available through the
standard Mesh Import forms, you can create your own customized mesh import program
and make it available through the Import Mesh forms. For details, see Volume Mesh Import
API (p. 21 in "ANSYS CFX Reference Guide"). If you have created your own mesh import
program, you can access it through the Import Mesh form.

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 Importing and Transforming Meshes: Mesh Tree View

1. Click Browse to browse to the location of the user executable file or enter its name,
Exec Location.
2. Enter the Exec Arguments that should be passed to the user executable when run from
within ANSYS CFX-Pre.
For details, see Ignore Invalid Degenerate Elements (p. 63).
For details, see Duplicate Node Checking (p. 63).

Mesh Tree View

The Mesh branch of the main tree view shows the regions of the imported meshes arranged
in a hierarchy for each loaded mesh file. You can also view regions arranged in a hierarchy
based on composite regions and mesh assemblies. To view either hierarchy in a separate
tree view, right-click Mesh (from the Mesh branch of the main tree view) and select one of
the View by submenu commands.
When viewing the file-based hierarchy, each imported mesh forms one or more assemblies
at the first level of the tree. The second level of the tree shows all 3D primitives and the third
level shows (i) 2D primitives bounding each 3D primitive, and (ii) some composite regions.

Shortcut Menu Commands for Meshes and Regions

Right-clicking on a region, mesh assembly, 3D primitive or 2D primitive in the tree view
displays a shortcut menu containing various options depending on what is selected. For
details about the generic shortcut menu commands, see Outline Tree View Shortcut Menu
Commands (p. 12). Details about the mesh-related shortcut menu items are provided in:
Importing Meshes (p. 62)
Deleting Meshes and Mesh Components from the Tree View (p. 75)
Transform Mesh Command (p. 76)
Gluing Meshes Together (p. 80)
Mesh Editor (p. 80)
Render Options (p. 80)

Deleting Meshes and Mesh Components from the Tree View

There are several options for deleting meshes and mesh components and composite
regions using shortcut menu items available in the Outline tree view in ANSYS CFX-Pre.
These options are:
Delete All Mesh: Available when you right-click on the Mesh folder. When selected this
option deletes all meshes currently present.

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Importing and Transforming Meshes: Transform Mesh Command
Delete Mesh: Available when you right-click on individual meshes themselves or
Composite 3D Regions or Primitive 3D Regions within them that map directly to one
Assembly. When selected this option deletes all meshes associated with the selected
Assemblies.
Delete Definition: Available when you right-click on a composite region. When
selected this option deletes the definition of the composite region name but not the
underlying mesh.

Transform Mesh Command

You can transform meshes using the Mesh Transformation Editor dialog box. To access
this dialog box, right-click on a mesh file or selection of one or more 3d meshes in the tree
view, then select the Transform Mesh command from the shortcut menu. There are four
basic transformations Rotation, Translation, Scale and Reflection. More complex
transformations can be achieved by successive application of the basic types. You can also
copy meshes, either by retaining the original mesh, or by creating multiple copies.
When picking points from the Viewer, the Draw Faces render option must be selected to
allow a point on a region to be picked. It may also be useful to have Snap to Node enabled
(on by default in the viewer toolbar).
The values entered on this form use the units defined on the Edit > Options > Common >
Units form. For details, see Units (p. 40).
Clicking Apply performs the operation; OK performs the operation and closes the dialog
box; Cancel discards the settings and closes the dialog box; Reset resets the settings on the
dialog box.
The topic(s) in this section include:
Target Assemblies (p. 76)
Reference Coord Frame (p. 77)
Transformation: Rotation (p. 77)
Transformation: Translation (p. 78)
Transformation: Scale (p. 78)
Transformation: Reflection (p. 79)
Multiple Copies (p. 79)

Target Assemblies
Select the assemblies and/or other regions to transform from the Target Assemblies drop

down box. Click the icon to access the full list of available regions. Not all regions are
transformable. For example, 2D regions or 3d regions not resolving to at least one assembly
are not transformable.

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 Importing and Transforming Meshes: Transform Mesh Command

Reference Coord Frame

Toggle on Reference Coord Frame to specify if the transformation is defined in another
coordinate frame. Select the reference coordinate frame from the Coord Frame list.

Transformation: Rotation
Use the Rotation transformation to rotate an assembly about an axis defined by two points
or a principal axis.

Rotation This Rotation Option uses a user-defined axis as the axis of rotation for the transformation.
Option: This axis is defined by two Cartesian points, From and To. These points can be entered
Rotation Axis
manually or selected in the Viewer by clicking any coordinate box and then clicking in the
Viewer.

Rotation This Rotation Option uses the X, Y or Z axis as the axis of rotation. Select one of the
Option: principal axis, under Axis, to be the axis of rotation.
Principal Axis

Rotation Angle The rotation angle options are Specified, Full Circle and Two Points.
Option
Specified
The Specified option simply rotates the assembly by the specified angle. When looking
from the start point to the end point of the axis, a positive angle will produce a rotation in
the clockwise direction.

Full Circle
The Full Circle option should be used in conjunction with Multiple Copy, otherwise, the
assembly will simply be transformed back to its original position. The effect this has is
described more fully in Multiple Copy.

Two Points
The Two Points option calculates an angle using the axis of rotation and the two points
specified, as shown in the following figure. The two points and the start point of the axis
define a plane with a normal direction pointing towards the end point of the axis. The angle
proceeds in the clockwise direction from the Start to the End point when looking from the

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Importing and Transforming Meshes: Transform Mesh Command
start point to the end point of the axis. When picking points from the Viewer, the Draw Faces
render option must be selected to allow a point on a region to be picked. It may also be
useful to have Snap to Node enabled (on by default in the Viewer toolbar).
Rotation Axis

End Point

Angle Start Point

Transformation: Translation
Use the translation transformation to move an assembly in the X, Y and Z directions.

Method: Deltas The Deltas method moves the mesh by the Dx, Dy, Dz values entered. Enter the Dx, Dy,
Dz values with which to translate the mesh. This is equivalent to a vector translation, using
the origin as the start point of the vector and the point entered as the end point. A point can
be entered manually or selected in the Viewer after clicking any coordinate box.

Method: Vectors The Vector option moves the assembly by the vector described by the From and To points.
Enter From and To points to describe the translation. These points can be entered manually
or selected in the Viewer after clicking any coordinate box.

Transformation: Scale
The Scale method is used to scale an assembly by a scale factor.

Method: The Uniform option uses the same single Scale Factor (must be greater than zero) for all
Uniform coordinate directions, scaling the size of the assembly while maintaining the same aspect
ratio. The Scale Factor may be entered as an expression.

Method: Non The Non Uniform option can scale the assembly using a different scale factor in each
Uniform coordinate direction, producing stretching effects.
Enter a scale factor, Sx, Sy, Sz and the mesh is scaled by the scale factor value in the X, Y and
Z coordinate directions.

Scale Origin Scaling is achieved by multiplying the location of each mesh node relative to the Scale
Origin by the scaling factor.
Enter the Scale Origin as a Cartesian coordinate (for example, [0 0 0]), or click any
Cartesian coordinate box then pick a point from the Viewer. When you are in Picking mode,
the Cartesian coordinate boxes turn yellow. To manipulate the object in the viewer while in

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 Importing and Transforming Meshes: Transform Mesh Command
this state you have to click on the viewer icons (rotate, pan, zoom) in the toolbar. You can
turn off Picking mode by changing the keyboard focus (by clicking on another field, for
example).

Transformation: Reflection
The Reflection method is used to mirror a mesh in a specified plane. As well as using the
principal planes (e.g., XY plane), arbitrary planes can be created with the Three Points and
the Point and Normal methods. These are the same plane definition methods that are
available in ANSYS CFX-Post.

Method The options available are YZ Plane, XZ Plane, XY Plane, Three Points and Point and
Normal.

When using the YZ Plane, XZ Plane, or XY Plane method, an offset, X, Y, and Z

respectively, can be applied by entering a value in the X, Y, Z offset box. This value can also
be entered as an expression.
If you use the Three Points or Point and Normal method, the points can be manually
entered or selected in the Viewer after you click in any coordinate field.

Multiple Copies
When the Multiple Copies toggle is disabled, then the assembly is simply transformed to
the new location, without retaining a copy of the assembly at the original location. You can
enable the Multiple Copies toggle to allow multiple copies of an assembly to be made
during the transformation. It should be noted that this section is not available for Scale
Transformations.
In general, the multiple copies will be evenly spaced throughout the transformation. For
rotational transformations copies will appear at evenly spaced angles, while for translational
transformations copies will appear at evenly spaced intervals along the vector describing
the translation. For example, if you have a mesh for a single blade passage, you can make
copies of it using the rotation transformation. If your full machine has 60 blades and you
wish to reproduce the full geometry, you should use the Full Circle option for the Angle
and select to make 59 copies (the original copy is the 60th).

# of Copies Enter the number of copies for the assembly to make. This number does not include the
original copy.

Delete Original This toggle controls whether the original copy is retained or deleted after the
transformation. Composite regions associated with the original mesh are not deleted
during this operation.

Glue Matching If you enable this toggle, ANSYS CFX-Pre will attempt to automatically glue each copy of the
Assemblies assembly together. This means that ANSYS CFX-Pre will try to create a continuous mesh
contained in a single assembly from the multiple copies. For the glue to be successful,
physically matching boundaries with one-to-one node pairings must be found between the
copy (or copies) and the original. The multiple copies will then be treated as a single
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Importing and Transforming Meshes: Gluing Meshes Together
continuous mesh in a single assembly with multiple 3D regions. A single domain can be
created for the entire assembly without the need to create domain or periodic interfaces
between each copy. If multiple domains are created, automatic domain interfaces can be
created. For details, see Automatic Creation and Treatment of Domain Interfaces (p. 152 in
"ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
If boundaries do not physically match or one-to-one node pairings do not exist, then each
copy will form a new assembly, which will require the creation of domain interfaces to
connect them together.
When Delete Original is used in conjunction with Glue Matching Assemblies, the original
is only deleted if the gluing operation is successful.

Gluing Meshes Together

If there are multiple mesh assemblies that have matched meshes, you can try to glue these
together by selecting the assemblies in the tree view (using the <Ctrl> key), right-clicking,
and selecting Glue Adjacent Meshes from the shortcut menu. This can be useful to avoid
setting up a GGI interface within a domain, but does require that the meshes match exactly
on the surfaces that are to be glued.
If a pair of meshes cannot be glued together, you can use a domain interface instead. For
details, see Domain Interfaces (p. 191).

Mesh Editor
The mesh editor is described in Editing Regions in ANSYS CFX-Pre (p. 88).

Render Options
The Render Options dialog box controls how 2D objects will appear in the Viewer, such as
visibility, line width, line color, etc. Rendering for individual 2D Primitives, or any composite
regions that resolve to only one 2D Primitive, is set on the Render Options dialog box for
2D Primitives. For details, see Render Options Dialog Box (p. 81).
Render Options for any regions that are made up of more than one 2D primitive (such as a
3D region or a composite 2D region consisting of more than one 2D primitive) can be set on
a global basis for all 2D primitives within the particular region. For details, see Render
Options - Multiple 2D Regions (p. 82).
You can access the Render Options dialog box by right-clicking on a region in the tree view
and then selecting Render > Properties from the shortcut menu.

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 Importing and Transforming Meshes: Render Options

Render Options Dialog Box

When the Render Options dialog box is accessed by right-clicking on a region(s), the
controls apply only to that region(s) selected.

Draw Faces Draws the faces of the mesh elements on 2D primitives. Draw Faces should be selected if
the effect of changing the face options is to be seen.

Face Color The color used for the mesh faces drawn on the 2D primitives. Pick a Face Color by clicking

on the color box to cycle through common colors or click to select a custom face color.

Transparency Select a Transparency level from 0 to 1, where 0 is opaque and 1 is transparent.

Draw Mode Controls the shading property applied to mesh element faces on 2D primitives

None
No shading is applied to the object, i.e, it appears black.

Flat Shading
Each element is colored a constant color. Color interpolation is not used across or between
elements.

Smooth Shading
Color interpolation is applied which results in color variation across an element based on
the color of surrounding elements.

Face Culling This controls the visibility for element faces of objects that either face the Viewer or point
away from the Viewer. Domain boundaries always have a normal vector that points out of
the domain. The two sides of a thin surface have normal vectors that point towards each
other.

Front
Will clear visibility for all outward-facing element faces (the faces on the same side as the
normal vector).

Back
Will clear visibility for inward-facing element faces (the faces on the opposite side to the
normal vector).

No culling
Shows element faces when viewed from either side.
Note that Face Culling affects printouts performed using the Screen Capture method only.

Lighting Toggle the lighting source on or off.

Specular When enabled, treats the object as a reflector of light.

Draw Lines Draws the lines of the surface mesh elements on 2D primitives.

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Importing and Transforming Meshes: Mesh Topology in ANSYS CFX-Pre
Edge Angle To change how much of the mesh wireframe is drawn, you can change the edge angle. The
Edge Angle is the angle between one edge of a mesh face and its neighboring face. Setting
an Edge Angle will define a minimum angle for drawing parts of the surface mesh. If you
wish to see more of the surface mesh, reduce the edge angle.

Line Width The line width can be changed by entering a value in the Line Width text box
corresponding to the pixel width of the line. When the box is active, the up and down arrow
keys on your keyboard can be used to increment the value.

Line Color Pick a Line Color by clicking on the color box to cycle through common colors or click
to select a custom line color.

Visibility Set the visibility for the primitives in the Viewer. Clearing the visibility may improve the
Viewer performance for complex meshes.

Render Options - Multiple 2D Regions

The Render Options dialog box for multiple regions is both an indicator of consistency of
the render options of the regions selected, and a tool to set render options for all selected
regions. The presence of a check mark in the check box for an option indicates whether
consistent settings exist for that option across all of the selected regions.
For example if the Shading option is selected and set to Flat Shading this means that all
the regions selected have their Shading options set to Flat Shading. By contrast, if Face
Color is unchecked this indicates that at least one region has a different color. You can still
apply a color to all regions by enabling the check box next to Face Color and selecting a
color. After any changes, ANSYS CFX-Pre will re-check all objects for consistency, and update
the form accordingly. The options themselves are the same as for individual regions.

Mesh Topology in ANSYS CFX-Pre

The mesh topology in ANSYS CFX-Pre is largely determined by the primitive regions
imported with the mesh. You must consider the requirements of the physics being
simulated when generating the geometry and mesh outside of ANSYS CFX-Pre.

Assemblies, Primitive Regions and Composite Regions

Each mesh is imported into one or more assemblies. An assembly represents a connected
mesh. A mesh containing one-to-one node connections is considered to be connected and
is imported into a single assembly.
Each assembly contains one or more 3D primitives (mesh regions), and each 3D primitive is
bounded by one or more 2D primitive mesh regions. Each 3D primitive may also contain 2D
mesh primitives that are located within the interior of the mesh. A primitive is the lowest
level of region information available in a mesh file.

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 Importing and Transforming Meshes: Mesh Topology in ANSYS CFX-Pre
Primitives could be regions that were explicitly created in the mesh generation software.
However, in some mesh files, the mesh references underlying CAD faces, in which case these
will be the primitive regions. GTM files are an example of this; a 2D primitive region will
resolve to the CAD face Solid 1.2, for example. If CAD face data is available in the mesh
file, then regions explicitly created in the mesh generation software, or in ANSYS CFX-Pre,
will reference the CAD faces and, therefore, themselves will not be the lowest level of region
data. These regions are known as composite regions since they are composed of one or
more primitive regions.

Note: Since ANSYS CFX-Pre can recognize underlying CAD surfaces from ANSYS CFX GTM
Files, it is not necessary to create composite regions, although it will often make selecting
locations easier in ANSYS CFX-Pre. Other mesh types may or may not require the definition
of composite regions within ANSYS CFX-Pre.
New composite regions can be created in ANSYS CFX-Pre using the Regions details view.
However, the topology of the existing primitives limits the scope of composite region
creation and it is not possible to create any new primitives in ANSYS CFX-Pre. For details, see
Defining and Editing Composite Regions (p. 90).
The number and location of 2D primitives and 3D primitives is defined by the software
which generated the mesh. You should consider your domain, boundary condition, domain
interface and subdomain requirements when creating the mesh and create appropriate
regions that can be used in ANSYS CFX-Pre. You will need to create each region explicitly in
the mesh generation software if your mesh file does not contain data that references the
underlying CAD faces.
If primitives reference the underlying CAD faces, it does NOT mean that the exact CAD
geometry is recovered. The mesh simply references all the CAD faces and makes the mesh
associated with them available in ANSYS CFX-Pre.
In ANSYS CFX-Pre 3D primitives are always distinct, as such a mesh element is always
contained in a single 3D primitive. All regions in the mesh file that define a set of 3D
elements are imported into ANSYS CFX-Pre. If any element exists in more than one grouping
of elements, the import process will split the groupings so that each element is contained
within a single 3D primitive. Composite regions will be defined that group the 3D primitives
into the topology that the original mesh file represented. Depending on your mesh file, this
could include 3D sub-regions, solid regions, block-off regions, user defined 3D regions,
porous regions, etc.
If a 2D primitive spans more than one 3D primitive, it will be split into multiple 2D primitives
on import, so that each 2D primitive is part of only one 3D primitive. All overlapping 2D
primitives are also split into distinct primitives upon import and composite regions are
created to represent the original regions read from the mesh file. When a 2D primitive forms
a boundary between 3D primitives, it will be split into two sides, such that a 2D primitive is
associated with each 3D primitive. When a 2D primitive is split, a suffix is added to the name
so that the resulting 2D primitives are named uniquely. For example, a 2D primitive called
Solid 1.2 would be split into Solid 1.2A and Solid 1.2B.

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Importing and Transforming Meshes: Mesh Topology in ANSYS CFX-Pre
Composite Composite regions are defined as combinations of one or more 2D primitive, 3D primitive
Regions or other composite regions. New composite regions created in ANSYS CFX-Pre must
therefore be defined by a combination of at least one other region, however it is possible
that a composite region can be defined that resolves to nothing.
Composite regions that are specified in the original mesh file imported into ANSYS CFX-Pre
will be imported into the application if the import format can be translated into one that
ANSYS CFX-Pre can use. The composite regions imported into ANSYS CFX-Pre can be
selected, modified and deleted in the same way as composite regions defined in the
application.
Additional information on primitive and composite regions is available. For details, see
Assemblies, Primitive Regions and Composite Regions (p. 82).
For details about creating regions, see Regions (p. 87).

Applications of the Composite Regions

For details, see Applications of Composite Regions (p. 91).

Domain and Subdomain Locations

Domains are created from a list of 3D primitives, and subdomains from list of 3D primitives
that are also contained in a domain. Assemblies and 3D composites can also be used as
locations for domains and subdomains. In this case, all 3D primitives contained within the
assembly or 3D composite are included in the domain.
Assemblies and 3D primitives not included in a domain are not used in the simulation. A 3D
primitive may be implicitly included if it forms part of a 3D composite or assembly that is
used in a domain.
The domains in a multi-domain simulation must be continuous or connected via domain
interfaces you cannot have separate isolated domains.

Boundary Condition and Domain Interface Locations

2D primitives and 2D composite regions can be used as locations to create boundary
conditions and domain interfaces.
If your assembly has more than one 3D primitive and they share a common boundary, then
at least one pair of 2D primitives will exist at the common boundary. One 2D primitive of
each pair will bind one of the 3D primitives that shares the common boundary.
It is not possible for a region to span more than one domain in a single boundary condition.

Importing Multidomain Cases

Meshes intended or previously used for multidomain simulations can be imported into
ANSYS CFX-Pre. You will still be able to setup a multidomain simulation from a single mesh
import.

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 Importing and Transforming Meshes: Advanced Topic: cfx5gtmconvert Application
If the imported mesh is not connected, a separate assembly will be created for each
connected section. Each assembly can be used to create a separate domain. If the mesh is
connected, then a single assembly will be created but 3D primitives will be created for each
3D region defined in the mesh file. Each 3D primitive can be used to create a separate
domain, even if it is contained in a single assembly.

Advanced Topic: cfx5gtmconvert Application

The cfx5gtmconvert application is a command line executable that can be used to convert
between a number of mesh file formats. It can be used to perform import of a mesh into a
GTM database or to convert a GTM database into a definition file that can be viewed in
ANSYS CFX-Post. If appropriate physics CCL is available, it can also be used to create a
definition that can be run in a solver. In this case, the exported mesh obeys the constraints
imposed on it by the solver and the physics model.
Full details can be found by entering:
<CFXROOT>/bin/cfx5gtmconvert -help
at the command line, where <CFXROOT> is the path to your installation of ANSYS CFX-Pre.

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Importing and Transforming Meshes: Advanced Topic: cfx5gtmconvert Application

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Regions

Introduction
ANSYS CFX-Pre has two types of regions:
Primitive
Composite
The topic(s) in this section include:
Primitive Regions (p. 87)
Composite Regions (p. 87)
Using Regions in ANSYS CFX-Pre (p. 88)
Editing Regions in ANSYS CFX-Pre (p. 88)
Applications of Composite Regions (p. 91)
Additional information on primitive and composite regions is available. For details, see
Mesh Topology in ANSYS CFX-Pre (p. 82).

Primitive Regions
Primitive regions are a unique selection of 2D faces or 3D elements that define a location in
the model.
A model containing a mesh will have at least one 2D primitive region and one 3D primitive
region.
It is not possible for a primitive region to contain 2D faces and 3D elements.

Composite Regions
Composite regions are regions defined in terms of other regions. For example:
A named Region A may be an alias for another Region B

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Regions: Using Regions in ANSYS CFX-Pre
A composite region that is an alias can directly reference only one other region, but may
reference more than one region if the region it references is itself another composite
region.
Region C may be a union (that is, all) of Region D and Region E.
A composite region that is a union will reference one or more other regions directly and
may indirectly reference many other regions if the regions it references themselves
reference other regions.
Composite regions ultimately resolve to primitive regions.
The tree view and the Region details view are used to select, create, rename, modify, and
delete composite regions.
If any of the primitive regions to which a composite region resolves does not exist in the
model, the composite region is said to be unresolved.
Composite regions can be defined in terms of 2D and 3D primitive regions. If the composite
region resolves to both 2D and 3D primitive regions, the composite region is known as a
mixed dimensionality composite.
An Assembly is a special case of a mixed-dimensionality composite region. It can be used in
the same way, but its composition implies connectivity within the mesh. All 3D mesh
volumes within an Assembly know about their connections to each other. This information
is used by ANSYS CFX-Pre when calculating interfaces between domains.
Composite regions that are specified in the original mesh file imported into ANSYS CFX-Pre
will be imported into the application if the import format can be translated into one that
ANSYS CFX-Pre can use. The composite regions imported into ANSYS CFX-Pre can be
selected, modified, and deleted in the same way as composite regions defined in ANSYS
CFX-Pre.

Using Regions in ANSYS CFX-Pre

A composite 2D region may be used in exactly the same way as a primitive 2D region to
define the location of a Boundary Condition, Domain Interface, and so on, in the model.
A composite 3D region may be used in exactly the same way as a primitive 3D region to
define the location of a Domain or Sub-domain in the model.
Mixed-dimensionality composite regions can be used as locators, but only the primitive
regions of appropriate dimensionality are used in the location. For example, a
mixed-dimensionality region used as the location of a boundary condition will mean that
the boundary condition is defined only on the 2D components.

Editing Regions in ANSYS CFX-Pre

As there are two types of regions in ANSYS CFX-Pre, there are two editors used for defining
and modifying these regions.

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 Regions: Editing Regions in ANSYS CFX-Pre

Defining and Editing Primitive Regions

Currently only definition and modification of 2D primitive regions is supported.
To define a primitive region, select Insert > Primitive Region from the main menus or from
the shortcut menu when on the Mesh folder in the Outline or Mesh trees.

To edit an existing primitive 2D region when on the name of the region in the Outline or
Mesh trees, right-click and select Edit Mesh from the shortcut menu.
Faces can be moved or copied from one or more 2D primitive regions into a new or an
existing 2D primitive region.
The Region Filter allows you to modify the source from which faces will be picked. Select
All Regions from the dropdown list if faces are to be selected from anywhere in the model,
or any number of regions if you wish to restrict your source regions. (Note: If you have
entered the editor by selecting Edit Mesh, the region filter will be set to the regions selected
in the tree by default. You are able to change this selection if required.)
Initially no faces will be selected in the viewer and the dialog will indicate this.
Use one of the buttons:

To set the pick mode to single face selection, click this button. Clicking in the
viewer will select the first face to move.

To flood fill an area, click on this button and then click in the viewer. Changing the
crease angle will control how far the flood will extend. The angle indicates that any face
which bounds the face first selected and has a normal that is within the angle will be
selected. The same angle is then used again on any faces selected by the algorithm until
no more faces can be reached using this method.

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Regions: Editing Regions in ANSYS CFX-Pre

To select all faces within a rectangle, click on this button and then click in the
viewer and drag the box to perform the selection. The option to the left of Pick All
indicates whether the selection only includes fully enclosed faces or any touching or
enclosed faces.

To select all faces within a polygon, click on this button and then click multiple
times in the viewer finishing with a double click to perform the selection. The option to
the left of Pick All indicates whether the selection only includes fully enclosed faces or
any touching or enclosed faces.
Appending further faces to the current selection is performed in the same way as above, but
by using <Ctrl> and click to pick the faces in the viewer. All operations can use this method.
Faces are moved or copied to a destination region the action can be selected from those
shown in Destination box.
The destination for the faces is selected from the list to the right of the Move Faces To or a
new name into the box.
Clicking Apply performs the operation; OK performs the operation and closes the form;
Cancel discards the settings and closes the form; Reset resets the settings on the form.

Note: Unexpected results may occur if the topology of the current model is altered in some
way during the course of the edit. For example adding a new composite region or deleting
an existing one or importing or deleting a mesh may alter how the editor acts. In a similar
way performing an Undo or Redo when faces are selected may change the topology. If any
of these operations are performed it is recommended that you press Reset and re-pick the
faces as required.

Advanced At the bottom of the form, the Options box can be expanded and Remove Invalid
Options Components from Composite Definitions can be selected. Selecting this option will
remove any references to primitives that are completely removed by the operation. If this
is not done, composite regions that reference a removed primitive region will become
unresolved.

Defining and Editing Composite Regions

The Regions details view is used to create new, and edit existing composite regions. To
create a new region, select Composite Region from either the Insert menu or the Shortcut
menu when on the Mesh folder in the Outline or Mesh trees. To edit an existing composite
region, right-click it in the Outline or Mesh tree view, then select Edit Definition from the
shortcut menu.

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 Regions: Applications of Composite Regions
A composite region is defined by specifying a list of regions and a method for combining
them. The Regions details view can be used to create or modify a region by selecting a
method of combination from the Combination list and a selection of regions from the
Region List.

Note: The Regions details view allows you to restrict the regions available for selection by
limiting them by Dimension(Filter). Selecting 2D will cause the Region List to only display
2D regions and selecting 3D will cause the Region List to only select 3D regions. Regions of
mixed dimensionality are always available.

Union A Combination setting of Union combines the area or volume of the selected regions to
create a new region. The new region will include all the regions from which it is constructed.
For example, two or more 3D regions can be combined to create a new region, which can
then be used as the location for a domain.

Alias A Combination setting of Alias is used to produce a composite region that when resolved
is based upon the same set of primitive regions as the region it is defined on. A composite
region with a Combination of Alias may only reference a single region (this may be a
composite or primitive region). The new composite region may, however, resolve to more
than one primitive region. This feature is useful to assign recognizable names to regions
with non-intuitive names.

Applications of Composite Regions

Composite Regions that are defined in the simulation can be used as locations for domains,
sub-domains, boundary conditions and domain interfaces. For example, a composite region
with a combination method of Union can be used to group two separate 3D regions. A
domain which spans both 3D regions can then be created using the single composite 3D
region. Domain interfaces should still be created to connect the two assemblies together if
the composite region does not form a continuous mesh and flow is to pass between the two
assemblies. For details, see Mesh Topology in ANSYS CFX-Pre (p. 82).
Another application of composite regions is to set up a consistent set of locations which can
be applied to a number of different simulations that use the same physics definition. By
referencing the composite regions in the physics definitions, the need to edit the definitions
for each mesh is avoided and if differences in the mesh topology do exist this can be coped
with by editing the composite regions used to locate the physics relatively simply. In this
way for every problem in which the physics is to be applied, the mesh, region CCL, and
physics CCL can be imported. Locations of boundary conditions, domains and subdomains
should all match provided that the composite regions can all be resolved as expected.

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Regions: Applications of Composite Regions

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Additional Variables

Introduction
The topic(s) in this section include:
User Interface (p. 93)
Creating an Additional Variable (p. 98)

Additional variables are non-reacting scalar components that may be transported through
the flow.
This chapter describes the procedure for creating an additional variable, and the user
interfaces used to define and apply additional variables.
Modeling information for additional variables is available.
Additional Variables (p. 19 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide")
Additional Variables in Multiphase Flow (p. 178 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide")
Implementation information for Additional Variables in Multiphase Flow is available.
Additional Variables (p. 40 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Theory Guide")
Additional Variables in Multiphase Flow (p. 166 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Theory Guide")

User Interface
The following topic(s) will be discussed:
Insert Additional Variable Dialog Box (p. 94)
Basic Settings Tab for Additional Variable Objects (p. 94)
Fluid Models and Fluid Details Tabs for Domain Objects (p. 94)
Boundary Details and Fluid Values Tabs for Boundary Condition Objects (p. 97)

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Additional Variables: User Interface

Insert Additional Variable Dialog Box

The Insert Additional Variable dialog box is used to initiate the creation of a new
additional variable. It is accessible by clicking Additional Variable , or by selecting Insert
> Expressions, Functions and Variables > Additional Variable.

Basic Settings Tab for Additional Variable Objects

The Basic Settings tab is used to define the fundamental properties of an additional
variable. It is accessible by creating a new additional variable or by editing an additional
variable listed in the tree view.

Variable Type Specific

The additional variable is solved on a per-unit-mass basis. For details, see Volumetric
and Specific Additional Variable (p. 19 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Volumetric
The additional variable is solved on a per-unit-volume basis. For details, see Volumetric
and Specific Additional Variable (p. 19 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Unspecified
The additional variable is defined in terms of an algebraic expression using CEL. For
details, see Unspecified Additional Variables (p. 21 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling
Guide").

Units Specify the units that describe the additional variable. For details, see Additional Variables
(p. 19 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Tensor Type The Tensor Type can be set to Scalar or Vector. If an additional variable is defined as type
Vector, the components of a vector algebraic equation can be defined at the domain level.

Vector additional variables cannot be directly referenced in CEL expressions. The syntax for
referencing a component of a vector additional variable is as follows:
<Component Name>.<Additional Variable Name>_x

Fluid Models and Fluid Details Tabs for Domain Objects

The Fluid Models and Fluid Details tabs are used to define which additional variables
apply to the domain, and details of their properties. In multiphase problems, the additional
variable properties can be defined on a per-fluid basis in the Fluid Details tab.
The settings for additional variables on the Fluid Models tab (when applicable) are used to
apply additional variables to a single fluid when only one fluid exists, or homogeneously to
all fluids in a multiphase flow. (An apparent exception is the ability to set kinematic
diffusivity on a per-fluid basis; in this case, a weighted kinematic diffusivity is calculated and
applied to homogeneous equations.) The settings for additional variables on the Fluid
Details tab (when applicable), are used to apply additional variables on a per-fluid basis.
Any given additional variable cannot be applied to the domain on both the Fluid Models
tab and Fluid Details tab.

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 Additional Variables: User Interface
For unspecified additional variables, no settings are available on either the Fluid Models
tab or the Fluid Details tab. For volumetric additional variables in multiphase flow, no
settings are available on the Fluid Models tab. In this case, settings are available only on the
Fluid Details tab.

Additional This list box is used to select an additional variable in order to set the details of its application
Variable Details: to the domain.
List Box

Additional This check box determines whether or not the additional variable is to be modeled in the
Variable Details: domain.
[Additional
Variable Name] Option
Check Box
Transport Equation
The transport of the additional variable of type Volumetric is modeled by a transport
equation. For details, see Additional Variables (p. 40 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Theory Guide").

Diffusive Transport Equation

The transport of the additional variable is modeled by a transport equation. The advection
term is dropped from the transport equation. For details, see Additional Variables (p. 40 in
"ANSYS CFX-Solver Theory Guide").

Homogeneous Transport Equation

The transport of the additional variable is modeled by a transport equation. This option is
available only on the Fluid Models tab and only for multiphase flows (i.e, only for
homogeneous application).
For details, see Homogeneous Additional Variables in Multiphase Flow (p. 179 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
For details, see Homogeneous Additional Variables in Multiphase Flow (p. 169 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Theory Guide").

Homogeneous Diffusive Transport Equation

The transport of the additional variable is modeled by a transport equation. The advection
term is dropped from the transport equation. This option is available only on the Fluid
Models tab and only for multiphase flows (i.e, only for homogeneous application).
For details, see Homogeneous Additional Variables in Multiphase Flow (p. 179 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
For details, see Homogeneous Additional Variables in Multiphase Flow (p. 169 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Theory Guide").

Poisson Equation
The transport of the additional variable is modeled by a transport equation. The transient
and advection terms are dropped from the transport equation. For details, see Additional
Variables (p. 40 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Theory Guide").

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Additional Variables: User Interface
Homogeneous Poisson Equation
The transport of the additional variable is modeled by a transport equation. The transient
and advection terms are dropped from the transport equation. This option is available only
on the Fluid Models tab and only for multiphase flows (i.e., only for homogeneous
application).
For details, see Homogeneous Additional Variables in Multiphase Flow (p. 179 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
For details, see Homogeneous Additional Variables in Multiphase Flow (p. 169 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Theory Guide").

Algebraic Equation
A given quantity or CEL expression specifies the value of the additional variable throughout
the domain. Application of this option is, in the context of the fluid(s) to which the additional
variable is applied, effectively the same as setting the additional variable type to
Unspecified.

Vector Algebraic Equation

A total of three given quantities, CEL expressions, or both, specifies the vector value of the
additional variable throughout the domain. Application of this option is, in the context of
the fluid(s) to which the additional variable is applied, effectively the same as setting the
additional variable type to Unspecified.

Value
(applies only when Additional Variable Details: [Additional Variable name] Check Box:
Option is set to Algebraic Equation)
Enter a numerical quantity or CEL expression that specifies the value of the additional
variable throughout the domain.

Kinematic Diffusivity Check Box

(applies only when Additional Variable Details: [Additional Variable name] Check Box:
Option is set to Transport Equation, Diffusive Transport Equation, or Poisson Equation)
When running a Transport Equation additional variable, this check box determines
whether or not the diffusion term (including both laminar and turbulent diffusion) is added
to the transport equation for the additional variable. Setting the kinematic diffusivity to zero
includes the turbulent diffusion term only.
You must select this checkbox when using the Poisson equation or diffusive transport
equation. If you do not, a blue warning message will appear to remind you.

Kinematic Diffusivity Check Box: Kinematic Diffusivity

(applies only when Additional Variable Details: [Additional Variable name] check box:
Option is set to Transport Equation, Poisson Equation, Diffusive Transport Equation)
Enter a numerical quantity or CEL expression that specifies the value of the kinematic
diffusivity throughout the domain.

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 Additional Variables: User Interface
AV Properties for Fluid: Frame Overview
(applies only for homogeneous additional variables)
The settings contained in this frame are used to optionally specify the kinematic diffusivity
of the selected additional variable. The kinematic diffusivity may differ for each fluid in the
domain. The solver calculates a single effective kinematic diffusivity based on the kinematic
diffusivity of the additional variable in each fluid. For details, see Homogeneous Additional
Variables in Multiphase Flow (p. 169 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Theory Guide").

AV Properties for Fluid: List Box

This list box is used to select a fluid in the domain in order to optionally specify the kinematic
diffusivity of the selected additional variable in that fluid.

AV Properties for Fluid: [Fluid Name] Check Box

This check box determines whether or not the kinematic diffusivity of the selected
additional variable in the selected fluid is specified. Not specifying the kinematic diffusivity
implies that the additional variable is non-diffusive.

AV Properties for Fluid: [Fluid Name] Check Box: Kinematic Diffusivity

(applies only when Additional Variable Details: [Additional Variable name] Check Box:
Option is set to Homogeneous Transport Equation, Homogeneous Diffusive Transport
Equation, or Homogeneous Poisson Equation)
Enter a numerical quantity or CEL expression that specifies the value of the kinematic
diffusivity, throughout the domain, of the selected additional variable in the selected fluid.

Vector xValue, Vector yValue, and Vector zValue

(applies only when Additional Variable Details: [Additional Variable Name] Check Box:
Option is set to Vector Algebraic Equation)
Enter a numerical quantity or CEL expression for each vector algebraic equation
component.

Boundary Details and Fluid Values Tabs for Boundary Condition Objects
The Boundary Details and Fluid Values tabs for a boundary condition object contain
settings that specify the values, fluxes, and transfer coefficients of additional variables at the
boundary condition location. These tabs are accessible, when applicable, by editing a
boundary condition object.
The additional variables that require specification are those that have been applied to the
domain (to which the boundary condition belongs) in a form other than an algebraic
equation.
For single phase flow, the additional variable settings are on the Boundary Details tab. For
multiphase flow, the additional variable settings for homogeneous additional variables are
on the Boundary Details tab and those for fluid-specific additional variables are either on
the Boundary Details tab or the Fluid Values tab.
The types of boundary conditions which may allow the specification of additional variables
are:

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Additional Variables: Creating an Additional Variable
Inlet
Opening
Wall
Outlet

Additional This list box is used to select an additional variable in order to set the details of its boundary
Variables: List condition specification.
Box

Additional Option
Variables: Zero Flux
[Name]
Value
Flux in
This option is applicable for Wall boundary conditions and, for Poisson and Diffusive
transport models, Inlet boundary conditions.
Transfer Coefficient
Wall Flux In
This option is applicable for multiphase flow only.
Wall Transfer Coefficient
This option is applicable for multiphase flow only.

Value
(applies when Additional Variables: [Additional Variable Name]: Option is set to Value
or Transfer Coefficient)

Flux
(applies when Additional Variables: [Additional Variable Name]: Option is set to Flux in)

Transfer Coefficient
(applies when Additional Variables: [Additional Variable Name]: Option is set to
Transfer Coefficient)

Creating an Additional Variable

1. Click Additional Variable or select Insert > Expressions, Functions and Variables >
Additional Variable.
The Insert Additional Variable dialog box appears.
2. Set Name to a unique name for the new additional variable.
For details, see Valid Syntax for Named Objects (p. 15).
3. Click OK.
The Additional Variable details view opens on the Basic Settings tab.
4. Specify the basic settings.
For details, see Basic Settings Tab for Additional Variable Objects (p. 94).
5. Click OK.

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 Additional Variables: Creating an Additional Variable
An object named after the additional variable is created and listed in the tree view under
Expressions, Functions and Variables > Additional Variables.

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Additional Variables: Creating an Additional Variable

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Materials and Reactions

Introduction
This chapter describes:
Materials (p. 101)
Reactions (p. 111)

The tree view contains a Materials object and a Reactions object, which contain all the
currently available materials and reactions.
A Material details view is available for editing the properties of new or existing fluids, solids,
and mixtures. The new or modified materials can then be selected for use in your simulation
or reaction definitions. For details, see Materials (p. 101).
A Reaction details view is available for editing the properties of new or existing reactions.
For details, see Reactions (p. 111).

Note: You can set only those material properties that will be used in the CFD model. For
example, you can set the buoyancy properties only if your model involves buoyant flow. You
can use CEL to define fluid property variation through an expression if it is required. For
example, you could define Dynamic Viscosity to be a function of Temperature.

Materials
The Material details view, accessible by editing a material from the tree view or by creating
a new material, is used to prepare materials for availability in a simulation.

Library Materials
ANSYS CFX-Pre provides an extensive list of library materials. Properties for these have
already been defined and are known to ANSYS CFX-Pre. If you modify a library material
during a simulation using the Material details view, the modified definition is stored in the
simulation file and is therefore local to your simulation.

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Materials and Reactions: Materials
On the Outline tab, right-click Materials and select Import Library Data to open the
Select Library Data to Import dialog box. From here, you can select a material to load.

If necessary, you can open the Import CCL dialog box by clicking Browse .The dialog box
will open with the default location: <CFXROOT>/etc/materials-extra/. This directory
contains CCL files that can be used to load additional materials into ANSYS CFX-Pre (for
example, Redlich Kwong, IAPWS, or Interphase Mass Transfer materials).
If you wish to use a material defined in one simulation in another simulation, the
recommended method is to use the Export and Import CCL features to load the material
definition from a local file. This is done by exporting CCL objects of type
LIBRARY:LIBRARY/MATERIAL. For details, see Import CCL Command (p. 28) and Export CCL
Command (p. 29).

Material Details View: Common Settings

Option Any material can consist of one or more materials. If a material contains only a single pure
species, then it is known as a pure substance. If it contains more than one species, then it is
known as a mixture. The materials are assumed to be mixed at the molecular level in the
mixture.
The type of material is set using the following options:
The Pure Substance option should be used to create a fluid whose properties, such as
viscosity, density, or molar mass, are known. All existing and newly created pure
substances appear in the materials list and you can then create mixtures from them. For
details, see Material Details View: Pure Substance (p. 104).
The Fixed Composition Mixture option should be used to create a mixture with fixed
mass fractions of each material. The mass fraction of each material is specified and is not
allowed to change during the course of the simulation in space or time. For details, see
Material Details View: Fixed Composition Mixture (p. 108).
The Variable Composition Mixture option should be used to create a mixture
whose mass fractions are allowed to change during the course of a simulation in space
and time. The mass fraction of each material is not specified when defining the fluid. You
can use a fixed composition mixture as a material in a variable composition mixture.
For details, see Material Details View: Variable Composition Mixture (p. 108).
The Homogeneous Binary Mixture option applies to equilibrium phase change
calculations. For details, see Material Details View: Homogeneous Binary Mixture
(p. 109).
The Reacting Mixture option is used for a chemical reaction, such as combustion.
For details, see Material Details View: Reacting Mixture (p. 110).
The Hydrocarbon Fuel option. For details, see Material Details View: Hydrocarbon Fuel
(p. 110).

Material Group The Material Group filter is used to group materials by type, as well as restrict what
materials can be mixed when the physical models include reactions or phase change. A
material can be a member of more than one material group if it has a consistent set of
properties. Material Group will always be set to at least one of the following:

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 Materials and Reactions: Materials
User
Any user-defined materials, not assigned to one of the other groups, are shown in or can be
added to this group. For example, materials loaded from a previous ANSYS CFX-Pre
simulation are shown in this group.

Air Data
This group contains Ideal Gas and constant property air. Constant properties are for dry air
at both 0 [C], 1 [atm] (STP) and 25 [C], 1 [atm].

CHT Solids
Contains solid substances that can be used for solid domains when performing conjugate
heat transfer modeling.

Calorically Perfect Ideal Gases

Contains gases that obey the Ideal Gas Law.

Constant Property Gases / Liquids

These groups contain gas and liquid substances with constant properties.
The gas properties are calculated at STP (0 [C] and 1 [atm]). Gas materials in this group can
be combined with NASA SP-273 materials for use in combustion modeling simulations.

Dry/Wet Redlich Kwong

No materials appear in this group by default, they must be loaded from a pre-supplied
materials file. All materials in this group use the built-in Redlich-Kwong equation of state
and are suitable for performing equilibrium, homogeneous, phase change modeling.
For any given pure substance, there are three different materials. There is a material with a
RK tag, used for dry vapor calculations, and three materials with RKv, RKl and RKlv suffixes,
which are used for equilibrium phase change (wet vapor) calculations.

Dry/Wet Redlich Kwong RGP

No materials appear in this group by default, they must also be loaded from a pre-supplied
materials file. All materials in this group use the Redlich-Kwong equation of state with
properties specified in a TASCflow RGP file. These materials are suitable for performing
equilibrium, homogeneous, phase change modeling.
Like the built-in Redlich Kwong group, for any given pure substance there are three different
materials. There is a material with a RK tag, used for dry vapor calculations, and three
materials with RKv, RKl and RKlv suffixes, which are used for equilibrium phase change (wet
vapor) calculations.

Dry/Wet Steam
No materials appear in this group by default, they must also be loaded from a pre-supplied
materials file. Materials in this group use the IAPWS equation of state. Again, the materials
are suitable for either dry or wet steam calculations.

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Materials and Reactions: Materials
Gas Phase Combustion
Contains materials which can be used for gas phase combustion. All materials in this group
use the Ideal Gas equation of state. The specific heat capacity, enthalpy and entropy for each
of the materials are specified using the NASA SP-273 format. For details, see NASA format
(p. 33 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Interphase Mass Transfer

This group contains materials which can be used for Eulerian or Lagrangian interphase mass
transfer. This group currently contains a number of materials that have liquid or gas
reference states, which are consistent for performing phase change calculations. The gas
phases use the ideal gas equation of state and temperature dependent specific heat
capacity. The associated liquid phases use constant properties.

Particle Solids
Contains a list of solids that can be used in Particle Tracking calculations.

Soot
This group contains solid substances that can be used when performing soot calculations.

Water Data
This group contains liquid and vapor water materials with constant properties. The
materials in this group can be combined with NASA SP-273 materials for use in combustion
modeling simulations.

Material This parameter can be toggled on to view a detailed description of the substance. Click Edit
Description
the Material Description to edit the description (to a maximum of 120 alphanumeric
characters).

Thermodynamic This parameter sets the state of a substance to solid, liquid or gas. There are certain
State limitations imposed by selecting a particular state. For example, a solid must always have at
least density, specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity specified.

Coord Frame For material properties that are set using expressions containing X, Y or Z, you may wish to
supply a custom coordinate frame as the basis for evaluation of such properties. For details,
see Coord Frame (p. 104). For details, see Coordinate Frames (p. 135). For details, see
Coordinate Frames (p. 22 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Material Details View: Pure Substance

The following topics will be discussed:
Basic Settings Tab (p. 104)
Material Properties Tab (p. 105)

Basic Settings The Basic Settings tab is used to set the type of material, its state, an optional description
Tab and an optional coordinate frame.
1. Set the Material Group.

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 Materials and Reactions: Materials
For details, see Material Group (p. 102).
2. The Material Description field is optional.
For details, see Material Description (p. 104).
3. Select the Thermodynamic State.
For details, see Thermodynamic State (p. 104).
4. Optionally set a custom coordinate frame for any material properties that depend on
expressions in X, Y or Z.
For details, see Coord Frame (p. 104). For details, see Coordinate Frames (p. 135). For
details, see Coordinate Frames (p. 22 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Material There are two main categories specifying properties of a pure substance: General
Properties Tab Material and Table. A General Material can have its thermodynamic, transport and
radiation properties defined in the most general manner using any of the built-in flow solver
models, constants, or CEL expressions. A table material uses a TASCflow RGP file to look up
the required values. For details, see Table (p. 106).

General Material
General Materials can have their Equation of State set to three possible options. For
details, see Equation of State (p. 30 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
For details, see Equation of State - Value (p. 105).
For details, see Equation of State - Ideal Gas (p. 106).
For details, see Equation of State - Redlich Kwong (p. 106).
Table refers to materials whose properties are set using CFX-TASCflow Real Gas Property
(RGP) files. For details, see Table (p. 106).

Equation of State - Value

The following tab appears when Equation of State is set to Value. Value uses whichever
model for density that is supplied by the user. For example, the equation of state model
could be a constant or a CEL expression.
If the fluid properties are evaluated using an equation of state, set Option to General
Material. If properties are stored in a table, set Option to Table.
Equation of State > Option. For details, see Option (p. 31 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide").
Specify the Density and Molar Mass. If an expression is used for Density which
depends on temperature and/or pressure, enable the Density Depends On option and
select the appropriate variable(s). When enabled, values must be set on the Enthalpy
and Entropy Table Limits section below. For details, see Density and Specific Heat
Dependencies (p. 35 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Additional information on Material Properties is available.
For details, see Specific Heat Capacity (p. 33 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
For details, see Transport Properties (p. 36 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
For details, see Radiation Properties (p. 38 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
For details, see Buoyancy Properties (p. 37 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

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Materials and Reactions: Materials
Equation of State - Ideal Gas
If the fluid properties are evaluated using an equation of state, set the Option to
General Material. If properties are stored in a table, set Option to Table.
For an ideal gas, specify the Molar Mass. For details, see Molar Mass (p. 32 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Additional information on ideal gas is available.
For details, see Ideal Gas (p. 31 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
For details, see Reference State Properties (p. 34 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling
Guide").
For details, see Transport Properties (p. 36 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Equation of State - Redlich Kwong

The Redlich Kwong equation of state can be specified for real gas calculations where no real
gas property tables are available. For details, see Redlich Kwong (p. 32 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide"). To load the Redlich Kwong materials into ANSYS CFX-Pre, visit the
Outline tab, right-click Materials and select Import Library Data. In the Select Library

Data to Import dialog box, click Browse and open the materials-redkw.ccl file.
If the fluid properties are evaluated using an equation of state, set the Option to
General Material. If properties are stored in a table, set Option to Table.
All of the data fields must be completed to use the Redlich Kwong equation of state.
Additional information on Redlich Kwong is available.
For details, see Redlich Kwong (p. 32 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
For details, see Specific Heat Capacity (p. 33 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
For details, see Transport Properties (p. 36 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Table
Table uses a CFX-TASCflow real gas property (RGP) file to load real fluid property data. For
details, see Real Fluid Properties (p. 305 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide"). You can
load all of the RGP files that are supplied with ANSYS CFX quickly by following the
instructions given in Solver Modeling. For details, see Loading supplied files (p. 317 in
"ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide"). When defining materials that use data in tables not
supplied with ANSYS CFX, the definition is carried out separately by specifying the filename
and component name for each material in turn. When Table is selected, the following form
appears:
TASCflow RGP file Table Format is the only type supported for ANSYS CFX.

1. Click Browse beside Table Name to browse to the file containing the Real Gas
Property Table data.
2. Enter the Component Name (as an RGP file can contain many components).
The component name corresponds to the name of a component in an RGP file. You may
need to open the RGP file in a text editor to discover the exact name of the component
you wish to select. For details, see Detailed RGP File Format (p. 325 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide").

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 Materials and Reactions: Materials
Table Generation
For real fluids (such as Redlich Kwong, IAPWS, and general materials having variable specific
heat), the ANSYS CFX-Solver builds internal property tables for efficient property evaluation.
The most common table is enthalpy as a function of temperature and possibly pressure.
Entropy tables may also be built to evaluate total pressure. The solver uses an adaptive
algorithm to control the generation of these tables. In some cases, it may be necessary to
alter some table generation details, as described by the following parameters:

Minimum and Maximum Temperature

These correspond to the lower and upper temperature bounds of the table. The selected
values should exceed the expected temperature range somewhat, but to keep the size of
the table from becoming too big, it should not exceed the expected range by more than
(say) a factor of 2.

Minimum and Maximum Absolute Pressure

These correspond to the lower and upper absolute pressure bounds of the table. As with the
temperature bounds, the selected values should exceed the expected absolute pressure
range, but not too much..

Error Tolerance
The table generation algorithm used by the solver is adaptive, and may cluster values where
needed to resolve nonlinearities in the property definitions. The table generation is required
to satisfy an error tolerance, defined as the relative error between the interpolation error
and the exact value. The default tolerance (0.01 for enthalpy and 0.03 for entropy) is usually
adequate.

Maximum Points
This parameter specifies the maximum number of points (values) for each table dimension.
Fewer points may be required if the error criterion is met sooner. The default value of 100 is
usually adequate.

Note: If the error tolerance cannot be met with the specified maximum number of points,
the ANSYS CFX-Solver will revert to a uniform table with a resolution set to the maximum
number of points.

Pressure/Temperature Extrapolation
This controls the solver behavior when evaluating properties at temperatures or pressures
beyond the table range. If extrapolation is activated, the property will be extrapolated based
on its slope at the table boundary; otherwise, the value at the table boundary will be used.
In either case, a message is written to the output file that an out-of-bounds has occurred. If
this happens, you should consider increasing the table range accordingly..

Material Properties: Solid

This panel describes the Material Properties tab when creating a solid. For details, see
Library Materials (p. 38 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

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Materials and Reactions: Materials
Radiation Properties are required if the simulation uses a radiation model. Radiation
properties for some, but not all, materials are supplied by default in ANSYS CFX. For
details, see Radiation Properties (p. 38 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
For details, see Equation of State (p. 30 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Material Details View: Fixed Composition Mixture

This panel describes the Material details view when creating a fixed composition mixture.
Fixed composition mixtures can consist of pure substances only and not other fixed
composition mixtures. You can include any combination of materials in a fixed composition
mixture. To combine materials from different material groups, however, you must first select
the Material Groups that contain those materials. For example, to select Air at 25 C and
Water at 25 C, you would first need to select the groups Air Data and Water Data.

For details, see Multicomponent Flow (p. 14 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Basic Settings 1. Select the Material Group(s) that contain the required materials.
Tab 2. Use Materials List to add new materials to the mixture.
3. The Material Description field is optional.
For details, see Material Description (p. 104).
4. Select the Thermodynamic State.
For details, see Thermodynamic State (p. 104).
5. Optionally set a custom coordinate frame for any material properties that depend on
expressions in X, Y or Z.
For details, see Coord Frame (p. 104). For details, see Coordinate Frames (p. 135). For
details, see Coordinate Frames (p. 22 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
6. Select a material, from the Child Materials list box.
7. Enter the fixed Mass Fraction of the material within the mixture.
The sum of the mass fractions for all the materials in a mixture must be 1.

Mixture Mixture Properties can be used to explicitly set values when the Ideal Mixture model
Properties Tab produces unsatisfactory results. The same options apply for fixed composition mixtures as
for variable composition mixtures. For details, see Mixture Properties Tab (p. 109).

Material Details View: Variable Composition Mixture

This panel describes the Material details view when creating a variable composition
mixture. Components of a variable composition mixture can be pure substances and fixed
composition mixtures, but not other variable composition mixtures. You can still include
any combination of materials in a fixed composition mixture. For details, see
Multicomponent Flow (p. 14 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Basic Settings 1. Select the Material Group(s) that contain the required materials.
Tab 2. Use Materials List to add new materials to the mixture.
3. The Material Description field is optional.
For details, see Material Description (p. 104).

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 Materials and Reactions: Materials
4. Select the Thermodynamic State.
For details, see Thermodynamic State (p. 104).
5. Optionally set a custom coordinate frame for any material properties that depend on
expressions in X, Y or Z.
For details, see Coord Frame (p. 104). For details, see Coordinate Frames (p. 135). For
details, see Coordinate Frames (p. 22 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Mixture When you create a fixed or variable composition mixture, the fluid properties are
Properties Tab determined by mass averaging the properties of the component materials. In some cases,
the ideal mixture rule used by the ANSYS CFX-Solver may not be representative of the
mixture properties. You can override the individual thermodynamic and transport
properties by enabling the appropriate toggles and directly specifying the mixture
properties. For details, see Mixture Properties (Fixed and Variable) (p. 39 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide"). Additional information on options for Specific Heat Capacity
is available. For details, see Specific Heat Capacity (p. 33 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling
Guide").

Material Details View: Homogeneous Binary Mixture

Homogeneous binary mixtures are used to define the phase boundary between two
chemically equivalent materials in different thermodynamic states. For example, you could
define the vapor pressure curve between water and steam. The vapor pressure curve is used
by the flow solver to determine the saturation properties of the two materials. A
homogeneous binary mixture is required for running the Equilibrium phase change model.
Additionally, it can be used with the Eulerian multiphase thermal phase change model or
the Lagrangian particle tracking evaporation model.
The Basic Settings tab is used to specify the two materials that form the mixture. On the
Saturation Properties tab, the saturation properties can be specified.

Basic Settings 1. Select the Material Group(s).

Tab 2. Select the two constituent materials for the binary mixture.
3. The Material Description field is optional.
For details, see Material Description (p. 104).

Saturation General
Properties Tab The General option can be used to specify the saturation temperature or Antoine
coefficients for materials which do not use a table or Redlich Kwong equation of state. If you
set Pressure > Option to Antoine Equation option, then the flow solver automatically
calculates saturation temperature. For details, see Antoine Equation (p. 318 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide"). If you set Pressure > Option to Value, you must specify the
saturation pressure and the corresponding saturation temperature. For details, see Using a
General Setup (p. 317 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Table
Files of type (*.rgp) are filtered from the list of files in the current directory.

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Materials and Reactions: Materials
Redlich Kwong
When Redlich Kwong is chosen, the saturation properties are calculated using the material
properties specified for the constituent components, and there is no need to set any values.
As a consequence, the material properties for components in the mixture must all use a
Redlich Kwong equation of state. For details, see Using a Redlich Kwong Equation of State
(p. 316 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Table Generation
For details, see Table Generation (p. 107).

Material Details View: Reacting Mixture

The following topics will be discussed:
Basic Settings Tab (p. 110)
Mixture Properties Tab (p. 110)

Basic Settings A reacting mixture contains at least one reaction. For details, see Reactions (p. 111).The
Tab details for each of the components are set under Component Details on the Fluid Models
tab when defining your domain. For details, see Fluid Models Tab (p. 149).
1. Select the Material Group(s).
2. Select the reaction(s) from the Reactions List.
3. The Material Description field is optional.
For details, see Material Description (p. 104).
4. Select the Thermodynamic State.
For details, see Thermodynamic State (p. 104).
5. Optionally set a custom coordinate frame for any material properties that depend on
expressions in X, Y or Z.
For details, see Coord Frame (p. 104). For details, see Coordinate Frames (p. 135). For
details, see Coordinate Frames (p. 22 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
6. From Additional Materials List, select any additional inert materials (which do not take
part in any reaction).

Mixture Mixture properties for reacting mixtures are the same as for fixed and variable composition
Properties Tab mixtures. For details, see Mixture Properties Tab (p. 109).

Material Details View: Hydrocarbon Fuel

The following topics will be discussed:
Basic Settings Tab (p. 111)
Proximate/ Ultimate Analysis Tab (p. 111)
Mixture Materials Tab (p. 111)
More information about hydrocarbon fuel models is available. For details, see Hydrocarbon
Fuel Model Setup (p. 248 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide"). For details, see
Hydrocarbon Fuel Analysis Model (p. 203 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Theory Guide").

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 Materials and Reactions: Reactions
Basic Settings This tab is identical to the Basic Settings tab for pure substances. For details, see Basic
Tab Settings Tab (p. 104).

Proximate/ For details, see Hydrocarbon Fuel Analysis Model (p. 203 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Theory
Ultimate Guide").
Analysis Tab

Mixture The material components in the model need to be mapped to solver alias names. For
Materials Tab example, carbon dioxide could be represented in the solver by CO2, Carbon Dioxide CO2,
CO2 modified, etc.

Particle Mixture defines the components of the hydrocarbon fuel particles. The names for
the ash, char and raw combustible component materials must be given.
Gas Mixture is for identifying the components of the gas-phase reacting mixture. Two
options are available:
Mixture asks for the name of the associated gas-phase material (reacting mixture) and
provides parameters to identify the components of the gas phase, which are relevant for
the hydrocarbon fuel model.
Mixture with HCN NO additionally allows entering the names for the gas components
involved in the fuel-nitrogen model.
Note that here the components of the gas phase are identified only for the hydrocarbon fuel
model. The reacting mixture material still needs to be created with all its components in the
same way as for gaseous combustion. It may have additional components in addition to
those identified here.
Binary Mixture is for defining the homogeneous binary mixture material, which describes
the heat transfer between the particle and the fluid mixture. For the two materials in the
binary mixture you should specify the raw combustible material for the particle and the
volatiles fuel for the gas phase.

Reactions
The Reaction details view, accessible by editing a reaction from the tree view or by creating
a new reaction, is used to prepare reactions for availability in a simulation.
Once a reaction is created, it is available for inclusion in a fluid which is a reacting mixture or
a variable composition mixture.
For details, see Material Details View: Reacting Mixture (p. 110).
For details, see Material Details View: Variable Composition Mixture (p. 108).

Basic Settings Tab

Four types of reactions can be created on the Basic Settings tab:
Single Step (p. 112)
Multiple Step (p. 113)
Flamelet Library (p. 113)

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Materials and Reactions: Reactions
Multiphase (p. 113)

Single Step
This option displays three other tabs in addition to Basic Settings. One of them is a
Reactants tab, displaying a list of reactants and specifying the ratio with which they react
together and the order of the reaction. A list of products is also set on the Products tab and
includes the ratio with which they are produced. Reaction Rates has optional forward and
backward reaction rates and third body terms can be applied.

Single Step 1. Optionally, select Reaction Description to enter a description for the reaction (to a
Reaction: Basic maximum of 120 alphanumeric characters).
Settings 2. Optionally, specify any additional materials for this reaction using the Additional
Materials List.
3. Optionally, select Reaction or Combustion to set a reaction or combustion model.
Any settings specified here will override the choice of models selected on the Fluid
Models tab of the domains form (unless the choice of models on the Fluid Models form
is set to None).
This is implemented to allow reaction-step specific combustion modeling for multi-step
reactions. For details, see Reaction-Step Specific Combustion Model Control (p. 270 in
"ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Single Step For details, see Multiphase: Reactants (p. 114).

Reaction:
1. Option assumes the value Child Materials when creating a reaction involving one
Reactants
phase.
2. Choose the reactant(s) to add from the Materials List drop-down.
3. Enter the Stoichiometric Coefficient for the each of the selected components.
4. Optionally, specify a reaction order.
If the reaction order is not entered, it will default to the same value as the stoichiometric
coefficient.

Single Step: The Products tab is identical to the Reactants tab, with the only difference being that the
Products settings here apply to the products instead of the reactants. For details, see Single Step:
Products (p. 112).

Single Step: 1. For each of Forward Reaction Rate and Backward Reaction Rate, Option defines the
Reaction Rates reaction rate dependency. Select from:
Arrhenius (p. 261 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide")
Arrhenius with Temperature PDF (p. 261 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide")
Expression (p. 262 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide")
2. The Pre Exponential Factor and Temperature Exponent are required elements for the
Arrhenius reaction type.
3. The temperature limit list (Lower Temperature and Upper Temperature) is required
for the Arrhenius with Temperature PDF reaction type.

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 Materials and Reactions: Reactions
4. Reaction Activation allows Activation Temperature or Activation Energy to be
set.
5. Some reactions require a Third Body Term to proceed.
For details, see Third Body Terms (p. 231 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Theory Guide").
6. You can define a reaction in terms of a dependency, equilibrium or an expression.
For details, see Reaction Rate Types (p. 261 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Multiple Step
A list of Single Step reactions is required to define a Multi Step reaction.
1. Set Option to Multi Step.
Hold the <Ctrl> key to select multiple reactions from the list.
2. Alternatively, click Select from a second list to open the Materials List list box.
3. Optionally, select Reaction Description to enter a description for the reaction.

Flamelet Library
A flamelet library is imported with optional customization of the Laminar Burning
Velocity.

1. Set Option to Flamelet Library.

2. Click Browse to browse to the flamelet library file. The file which contains your
flamelet library should be selected. Flamelet libraries can be created by library
generation software, such as CFX-RIF. For details, see CFX-RIF (p. 275 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
3. Optionally, select Reaction Description to enter a description for the reaction.
4. Select Laminar Burning Velocity to specify an expression for the laminar flame speed
definition.
When using a flamelet library, the definition for the library is specified in the Reaction
details view. The name, library file and, optionally, laminar flame speed definition is
specified. The reaction can then be used in a fluid that is a variable composition mixture. For
details, see Material Details View: Variable Composition Mixture (p. 108).
For details, see Laminar Flamelet with PDF Model (p. 270 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling
Guide").

Multiphase
This option is used to create reactions between more than one phase. For details, see
Reaction Models (p. 260 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Multiphase: The setup of multiphase reactions is carried out by selecting the reaction Option to
Basic Settings Multiphase. For details, see Multiphase Reactions and Combustion (p. 246 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
1. For multiphase reactions the only option available for the Material Amount Option is
Mass Coefficient.

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Materials and Reactions: Reactions
2. Optionally, select Reaction Description to enter a description for the reaction.

Multiphase: Multiphase reactions are specified in terms of Parent Materials (the phase containing a
Reactants reacting material), and Child Materials (the reacting materials themselves).
The Parent Materials List contains the phases from which reacting materials are selected.
1. For the currently selected parent material, (e.g., Coal), select the reactant material(s)
from that phase from the materials list (e.g., Coal > Materials List).
If a participating phase is a pure substance, it should be selected as both a parent and
child material.
2. For each child material, enter a mass coefficient.
3. Reaction Order is only required for reactions of type Mass Arrhenius.
If unset, it defaults to 1.

Multiphase: The setup on the Products tab is identical to the Reactants tab. For details, see Multiphase:
Products Reactants (p. 114).

Multiphase: The Multiphase Reaction Rate > Option can be one of:
Multiphase Mass Arrhenius (p. 247 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide")
Reactions
Gibb Char Oxidation Model (p. 247 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide")
Field Char Oxidation Model (p. 247 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide")

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Expressions

Introduction
This chapter describes:
Expression Workspace (p. 115)
Creating (p. 117)
Modifying (p. 118)
Importing or Exporting (p. 118)

The Expressions workspace is used to generate and edit expressions using the CFX
Expression Language (CEL), which you can then use in ANSYS CFX-Pre in place of almost any
numeric value (as long as the correct units are returned by the expression).
Tip: Click Name or Definition to sort expressions.
Important: There is some CEL that works in CFX-Pre and CFX-Solver, but not in CFX-Post. Any
expression created in CFX-Pre and used as a DesignXplorer output parameter could
potentially cause fatal errors during the DesignXplorer run, so you should create all
expressions for DesignXplorer output parameters in CFX-Post.

Expression Workspace
By double-clicking Expressions in the Outline workspace, or inserting or editing an
existing expression, the Expressions workspace opens in a new tab (see Figure 1). This
workspace consists of a tree view and a details view. The following tabs are available in the
details view:
Definition, used to edit the definition of an expression selected in the Expressions tree
view. For details, see Definition (p. 116).
Plot, used to plot an expression versus a variable. For details, see Plot (p. 117).

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Expressions: Expression Workspace
Evaluate, used to evaluate an expression when all quantities on which it depends are
given. This is useful for verifying that an expression is correctly specified. For details, see
Evaluate (p. 117).
Figure 1 Sample Expressions Workspace

Definition
CEL expressions can be defined using any combination of constants, variables,
mathematical functions and other CEL expressions. For details, see CFX Expression
Language (p. 1 in "ANSYS CFX Reference Guide").

Right click Right-clicking in the Definition window provides access to a list of all available variables,
expressions, locators, functions and constants. Although valid values can be chosen from
each of the various lists, the validity of the expression itself is not checked until you click
Apply.
Additional variables can be used in expressions as soon as they have been completely
specified. After they have been created, they appear in the list of available variables when
right-clicking in the Definition window.
For details, see CFX Expression Language (p. 1 in "ANSYS CFX Reference Guide").

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 Expressions: Creating
For details, see CEL Variables, Functions and Constants (p. 4 in "ANSYS CFX Reference
Guide").

Reset Click Reset to undo changes since opening the CEL expression for editing.

Plot
The Plot tab is used to plot the selected expression against one variable. ANSYS CFX-Pre
automatically finds the variables associated with an expression, even if the expression
depends on another expression.
For example, when previewing the expression halfRadius, defined as 0.5*radius, where
radius is an expression that depends on the variables x and y, ANSYS CFX-Pre presents x
and y as the variables upon which halfRadius depends.
1. Set up an expression in the Definition tab, or open an existing expression. Click the Plot
tab.
2. Under Number of Points, set the number of sample data points for the plot.
Sample points are connected by line segments to approximate the functional
relationship.
3. Under Expression Variables, select the independent variable.
4. Set the range for the independent variable.
5. Set Fixed Value for all of the remaining independent variables.
6. Click Plot Expression to view the resulting chart.
The Plot Expression button changes to Define Plot. This can be clicked after viewing
the plot in order to make adjustments to the plot specification.

Evaluate
The Evaluate tab is used to evaluate an expression when all variables upon which the
equation depends are specified. ANSYS CFX-Pre automatically finds the variables associated
with an expression, even if the expression depends on another expression.
For example, when previewing the expression halfRadius, defined as 0.5*radius, where
radius is an expression that depends on the variables x and y, ANSYS CFX-Pre presents x
and y as the variables upon which halfRadius depends.
1. Under Expression Variables, enter values for all listed variables.
2. Click Evaluate Expression.
The resulting expression is evaluated using the given variable values.

Creating
1. Creating an expression can be done using any of the following methods:
On the Outline tab, right-click Expressions and select Insert > Expression.
On the Expressions tab, right-click in the tree view and select New.

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Expressions: Modifying

Click Expression in the main toolbar.

Select Insert > Expressions, Functions and Variables > Expression from the main
menu.
In any case, the New Expression dialog box appears
2. Under Name, type a name for the new expression.
3. Click OK.
4. In the Expressions details view, under Definition, enter an expression.
For details, see Definition (p. 116).
5. Click Apply.
6. Optionally, select Plot or Evaluate to examine the expression.

Modifying
1. In the Expressions tree view, double click any expression, or right-click an expression
and select Edit.
The Expression details view displays the definition of the expression.
2. Under Definition, modify the expression.
For details, see Definition (p. 116).
3. Make any further desired changes and click Apply.
4. Optionally, select Plot or Evaluate to examine the expression.

Importing or Exporting
Expressions can be imported and exported in simulations.
For details, see Import CCL Command (p. 28).
For details, see Export CCL Command (p. 29).
Any number of CCL objects may be exported; this section describes exporting only
expressions to a file.

Importing CCL Expressions

You can import expressions using the Import CCL function. Care should be taken when
importing CCL files, since data can be overwritten. For details, see Import CCL Command
(p. 28).
1. Select File > Import CCL.
2. Under Import Method, select Append or Replace.
Append imports expressions and overwrites any that currently exist in memory.
Expressions that do not match ones being imported are not changed. Replace deletes
all expressions in memory before importing.
3. Select a location from which to import.
4. Select a file to import.
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 Expressions: Importing or Exporting
5. Click Open.

Exporting CCL Expressions

1. Select File > Export CCL from the main menu bar.
2. Clear Save All Objects.
3. Under Save All Objects, select LIBRARY > CEL > EXPRESSIONS.
4. Select a location to which to export.
5. Enter a name for the exported file.
6. Click Save.

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Expressions: Importing or Exporting

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User Functions

Introduction
The User Function details view is used to create new interpolation functions (1D or 3D Cloud
of Points), and User CEL Functions. It is accessed from the Insert > Expressions, Functions
and Variables > User Function or the User Function icon on the main toolbar. User
Functions objects are listed under the Expressions, Functions and Variables object
branch in the tree view after you create them.
The import of data from a file is discussed in the documentation for profile boundary
conditions. For details, see Profile Boundary Conditions (p. 77 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide").
After creating, modifying or deleting functions, the CCL tree is checked for errors.
The topic(s) in this section include:
Interpolation Function (p. 121)
User Defined Function (p. 124)

Interpolation Function
The topic(s) in this section include:
One Dimensional Interpolation (p. 121)
Three Dimensional Interpolation (p. 123)
Importing Data from a File (p. 124)

One Dimensional Interpolation

1D interpolation functions can be used to specify any quantity in ANSYS CFX-Pre for which
a standard CEL function (e.g., sin, cos, step, etc.) can be used. The function is created by
interpolating from a list of points and a list of values at those points.

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User Functions: Interpolation Function
For a 1D interpolation, you should set a single coordinate value and a single value
associated with the coordinate. You can also import data from a file. The coordinate and the
value are interpreted in the local coordinate frame, which will depend on where the
function is used. For example, if the function is used to set a boundary condition value, the
coordinate frame selected for that boundary condition will apply. For details, see
Coordinate Frames (p. 22 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
1. Set Option to Interpolation (Data Input).
Additional information on the other function type is available.
For details, see Three Dimensional Interpolation (p. 123).
For details, see User Defined Function (p. 124).
2. Enter a single Argument Unit.
This will usually be a coordinate axis dimension (e.g., m, cm, rad etc.), but can be any
dimension. A variable using these units is passed to the interpolation function (e.g., x, y,
r, z, etc) when setting a quantity in ANSYS CFX-Pre.
3. Enter a single Result Unit.
This unit should be a valid unit for the quantity you will be specifying (e.g., type m s^-1
for a velocity).
4. Set Interpolation Data > Option to One Dimensional.
5. Right-click in the window to import data from a file or delete an entry.
6. Enter a single Coordinate value.
7. Enter a Value associated with the Coordinate.
8. Click Add to add the point value to the list (or Remove to remove a highlighted value
from the list).
For details on the Extend Min and Extend Max options, see Extended Minimum and
Maximum (p. 123).
The coordinate axis to which the coordinate value relates is determined by the argument
passed when calling the interpolation function. For example, for a Cartesian Velocity
Component specified inlet, the U component could be set to the expression
MyInterpFunction(r), where MyInterpFunction is the function name of the 1D
Interpolation function, and r is the ANSYS CFX radius system variable. The coordinate values
you specify in this details view will then refer to values of r on the inlet boundary, and the
value would be the velocity value at each r location.

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 User Functions: Interpolation Function
Extended The Extend Min and Extend Max options allow you to increase the valid range of the
Minimum and interpolation function beyond the maximum or minimum specified coordinate values. The
Maximum
value the function will take at coordinate values lower than the minimum specified
coordinate, which is equal to the value at the minimum specified coordinate. Similarly, the
value at the maximum specified coordinate is extended for higher coordinate values.
Value

Extend Minimum

Extend Maximum

Specified Coordinate
Coordinate Range

Three Dimensional Interpolation

Three dimensional functions can be used to specify any quantity in ANSYS CFX-Pre for which
a standard CEL function (e.g., sin, cos, step, etc.) can be used. The function is created by
interpolating values between a cloud of points using a distance weighted average based
on the closest three points. Common applications include setting an initial guess or a profile
boundary condition from experimental data values.
For a three dimensional function, you should set X, Y and Z coordinate values and a single
value associated with the coordinate. The coordinates and the value are interpreted in the
local coordinate frame, which will depend on where the function is used. For example, if the
function is used to set a boundary condition value, the coordinate frame selected for that
boundary condition will apply. For details, see Coordinate Frames (p. 135). For details, see
Coordinate Frames (p. 22 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide"). If the local coordinate
frame is cylindrical, the units for the Argument List should still be those of a Cartesian
frame.
1. Enter a unique function name that you will use when setting the value of a quantity
using an expression.
2. Enter a single Argument Unit.
This unit should be a valid unit for the quantity you will be specifying (e.g., [m s^-1] for
a velocity).
3. Results Units: Enter a comma separated list of the units used for the coordinates.
These will usually be coordinate axis dimensions (e.g., [m], [cm], etc.).
4. Right-click in the window to import data from a file or delete an entry.
5. Enter a comma, separating X, Y, Z coordinate values.
The coordinates are interpreted in the local coordinate frame, which will depend on
where the function is used.
6. Enter a Value associated with the Coordinate.
7. Click Add to add the point to the list (or Remove to remove a highlighted value from
the list).

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User Functions: User Defined Function

Importing Data from a File

Right-clicking in the details view and selecting Import brings up the Import Interpolation
Data dialog box:
Coordinate and Value appear under Column Selection for 1D data. You can select
which column of data in your import file is appropriate for the coordinates and values.
For three-dimensional interpolations, columns are selected in the same way, with X, Y,
and Z columns all required.

User Defined Function

User CEL Functions are used in conjunction with User CEL Routines. A User Function must
be created after a User CEL Routine. For details, see User CEL Routines (p. 127). User
Functions set the name of the User CEL Routine associated with the function, the input
arguments to pass to the routine and the expected return arguments from the routine.
1. Select the User CEL Routine name (user routine name) from the dropdown list that the
function will apply to. For details, see Function Name (p. 124).
2. Enter the input Argument Units list to pass to the subroutine.
For details, see Argument Units (p. 125).
3. Enter the Result Units list output from the subroutine.
For details, see Result Units (p. 125).

Function Name
The function name is assigned when you create a new User CEL Function, and is equivalent
to the name you would set for an expression. You use this name, together with the input
arguments, when setting the expression for the quantity of interest. For details, see Defining
Quantities with User CEL Functions (p. 124). The function name should follow usual naming
rules (it may contain spaces but should not include underscores).

Defining After you have created a User CEL Function, you can use it to specify any quantity in ANSYS
Quantities with CFX-Pre for which a standard CEL function (e.g., sin, cos, step etc.) can be used. You should
User CEL
enter an expression using the notation:
Functions
<Function Name>(arg1[units], arg2[units], ...)
When using a system variable, an expression or a value, you do not need to specify units. For
example, a pipe inlet velocity profile might be set by entering:
inletvelocity(MaxVel, r, 0.2[m])
where inletvelocity is the function name of the User CEL Function, MaxVel is an existing
expression or value, r is a system variable and 0.2[m] corresponds to the pipe diameter.
You would enter the above expression as one of the velocity components at the inlet
boundary condition (you may also want to use it as a velocity component of the initial
guess).

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 User Functions: User Defined Function

Argument Units
You should enter the units of each argument that you will be passing to the Subroutine.
Units should be comma separated and correspond to the order used when setting the
expression for a quantity in ANSYS CFX-Pre. For example, enter [m], [m s^-1], [Pa] if you are
passing a length, velocity and pressure value to the subroutine. The values of arguments
passed to a Subroutine are specified when you set an expression for a quantity in ANSYS
CFX-Pre. For details, see Defining Quantities with User CEL Functions (p. 124).

Result Units
The result argument units are the units of the return arguments from the Subroutine. Units
should be comma separated and correspond to a valid unit for the quantity that you are
specifying.

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User Functions: User Defined Function

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User Routines

Introduction
This chapter describes:
User Routine Details View (p. 127)

User Routine Details View

The User Routine details view is used to create objects that are used to link your own
Fortran subroutines (User CEL Functions, Junction Box Routines and Particle Tracking User
Routines) to the ANSYS CFX-Solver. It is accessed from the Insert > Expressions, Functions
and Variables submenu or by clicking User Routine in the main toolbar.
User Routines appear under Expressions, Functions and Variables in the tree view.
The following topics will be discussed:
User CEL Routines (p. 127)
Junction Box Routines (p. 129)
Particle User Routines (p. 129)
For details on the Transient Particle Diagnostics Routine option, refer to User
Diagnostics Routine (p. 234 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

User CEL Routines

Available when Option is set to User Function, User CEL Routines are used in conjunction
with a User CEL Functions to define quantities in ANSYS CFX-Pre based on a Fortran
subroutine. The User CEL Routine is used to set the calling name, the location of the
subroutine and the location of the Shared Libraries associated with the subroutine.
1. Enter the Calling Name of the subroutine within the subroutine file.
You should always use lower case letters for this even when the subroutine name in the
Fortran file is in upper case. For details, see Calling Name (p. 128).
2. Enter the Library Name and Library Path.

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User Routines: User Routine Details View
The library name will usually be your subroutine file name (without any extensions). The
library path is the path to the directory containing the system dependent directories
and supports lists of paths. For details, see Library Name and Library Path (p. 128).
User CEL Functions are created after the associated routine has been defined.
For details, see User Defined Function (p. 124).
For details, see User CEL Functions and Routines (p. 439 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling
Guide").

Calling Name The Calling Name is the name of the subroutine within a Fortran file. This name appears
immediately after the SUBROUTINE statement in a Fortran file. It is usually in upper case in
the Fortran file, but should always be entered in lower case. It must not include spaces but
may contain underscores (this is different from the usual naming rules).

Library Name This is the name of the shared library. The Library Name you should enter will be either:
and Library Path
The file name of the file containing the subroutine ignoring any file extensions (e.g.,
InletProfile for the file named InletProfile.F). This will be the name of your
shared library if you did not specify a -name option when running the cfx5mkext
command. For details, see Shared Libraries (p. 446 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling
Guide").
The name you specified as the -name option when running the cfx5mkext command.
Note that if you look at the actual file name of the shared library it will have a lib prefix
(UNIX only) and either a .so, .sl or .dll suffix depending on your platform. You should not
include the prefix or suffix in the Library Name.
The Library Path is the absolute path to the directory which contains the shared libraries in
subdirectories for each platform. This will be either:
The directory in which the cfx5mkext command was executed if you did not specify a
-dest option when running the cfx5mkext command.
For details, see Shared Libraries (p. 446 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
The directory you specified as the -dest option when running the cfx5mkext
command.
On UNIX platforms, the Library Path will look like:
/home/user/SharedLibraries,

on Windows systems it will look like

F:\user\SharedLibraries.

If you are running in parallel and only specify a single library path, then each machine should
be able to locate the shared libraries using the specified Library Path. On Windows systems,
you may have to map network drives so that the path to the libraries is the same on each
machine. However, you can also specify the Library Path as a list. ANSYS CFX will try to
locate your shared libraries on each machine in the parallel run using the list of paths
provided. Comma (,), colon (:) and semi-colon (;) separated lists are valid. For example,
when running in parallel across Windows and UNIX machines, a valid path may look like:
/home/user/SharedLibraries, C:\Shared Libraries

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 User Routines: User Routine Details View
The colon used after Windows drive letter is treated correctly and not interpreted as a list
separator.

Junction Box Routines

Junction box routines are used to call your own Fortran subroutines during execution of the
ANSYS CFX-Solver. You must create a junction box routine object so that the ANSYS
CFX-Solver knows the location of the subroutine, the location of the shared libraries
associated with the subroutine and when to call the subroutine. Each of these items is
specified in the details view.
For details, see User Junction Box Routines (p. 441 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
1. The first three parameters are identical to those described for the User Function
option, under Calling Name (p. 128) and Library Name and Library Path (p. 128).
2. Enter the Junction Box Location at which to call the subroutine.
For details, see Junction Box Routine Options and Parameters (p. 442 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Junction box routines appear in the LIBRARY section of a CCL file. You can create many
junction box routines in ANSYS CFX-Pre, but only call the required routines during
execution of the ANSYS CFX-Solver. This allows you to read in a CCL file containing a list of
junction box routines and then select only those that you wish to call. This selection is made
on the Solver Control tab. For details, see Basic Settings Tab (p. 213).

Particle User Routines

Particle user routines are used to create user defined injection regions and particle user
sources. Creating a user routine with the Particle User Routine option selected is
identical to creating a routine with the User CEL Function option selected. For details, see
User CEL Routines (p. 127).
For details, see Particle Injection Regions Tab (p. 163).
For details, see Particle User Sources (p. 217 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

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Units And Dimensions

Introduction
The topic(s) in this section include:
Units Syntax (p. 131)
Using Units in ANSYS CFX-Pre (p. 132)
Solution Units (p. 134)

Units Syntax
Dimensional quantities are defined in units which are a combination of one or more
separate units. For example, mass can have units of [kg], [g] or [lb] (and many others);
pressure can have units of [atm], [N m^-2] and [Pa] (and many others).
The general units syntax in ANSYS CFX is defined as [multiplier|unit|^power] where
multiplier is a multiplying quantity (e.g., mega, pico, centi, etc ..), unit is the unit string (e.g.,
kg, m, J, etc.), and power is the power to which the unit is raised. When typing units in
expression, they must be enclosed by square braces, [...]. You will usually not see the braces
when selecting units from a list of commonly used units. In general, units declarations must
obey the following rules:
A units string consists of one or more units quantities, each with an optional multiplier
and optional power. Each separate units quantity is separated by one or more spaces.
Short forms of the multiplier are usually used. n stands for nano, stands for micro, c for
centi, k for kilo, m for milli, M for mega and G for giga.
Powers are denoted by the ^ (caret) symbol. A power of 1 is assumed if no power is
given.
Note: The / operator is not supported, so a a negative power is used for unit division (i.e.,
[kg m^-3] corresponds to kilograms per cubic meter).
If you enter units that are inconsistent with the physical quantity being described, then
a dialog box will appear informing you of the error, and the units will revert to the
previous units.

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Units And Dimensions: Using Units in ANSYS CFX-Pre
Units do not have to be given in terms of the fundamental units (mass, length, time,
temperature, angle and solid angle). For instance, Pa (Pascals) and J (Joules) are both
acceptable as parts of unit strings.
Units strings are case sensitive; for example, Kg and KG are both invalid parts of units
strings.
To give the units of dynamic viscosity, which has the dimensions of Mass Length-1
Time-1, the unit string [kg m^-1 s^-1] (or [lb ft^-1 hr^-1]) is valid. The following
unit strings are invalid:

[kg/(metre sec)] [kg/(ms)]

[kg/m/s] [kg/(m.s)]
[kg/(m s)] [kg/(m*s)]
[kg/(m sec)] [lb/(ft hr)]

Using Units in ANSYS CFX-Pre

There are a number of forms in ANSYS CFX-Pre which require the entry of physical
quantities. For example, when you set the physical properties for a fluid, or enter values for
boundary conditions, the units in which you input the data must be selected.
A list of possible units for the quantity of interest is provided, but you may wish to use an
expression for the quantity, in which case you must specify the units. You can use any units
which are consistent with the quantity you are describing. The default units in ANSYS
CFX-Pre are SI.
The units databox entry is automatically filled in using the default units for the quantity. You
can select other commonly used units for that quantity from the drop-down list in the units
databox.

ANSYS CFX Commonly Used Units

ANSYS CFX-Pre provides you with a choice of several commonly used units to ease the task
of specifying quantities and converting results.
The full list of quantities where commonly used units are available is given in the following
table:

Quantity Commonly used units

Velocity [m s^-1], [km hr^-1], [mile hr^-1], [ft s^-1, knot]
Volumetric Flow [m^3 s^-1], [litre s^-1], [gallon hr^-1], [gallonUSliquid hr^-1]
Mass Flow [kg s^-1], [tonne s^-1], [lb s^-1]
k (turbulence kinetic [m^2 s^-2], [J kg^-1]
energy)
Epsilon (turbulence [m^2 s^-3], [J kg^-1 s^-1]
dissipation rate)
Pressure [Pa], [N m^-2], [bar], [torr], [mm Hg], [psi], [psf]
Concentration [m^-3], [litre^-1], [foot^-3]

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 Units And Dimensions: Using Units in ANSYS CFX-Pre

Quantity Commonly used units

Dynamic Viscosity [kg m^-1 s^-1], [centipoise], [g cm^-1 s^-1], [N s m^-2], [Pa s],
[dyne s cm^-2], [lb ft^-1 hr^-1], [lbf s ft^-2]
Thermal Conductivity [W m^-1 K^-1], [cal cm^-1 s^-1 K^-1], [BTU (ft^2 s (F/ft))^-1],
[BTU (ft^2 hr (F/ft))^-1]
Specific Heat Capacity [J kg^-1 K^-1], [cal g^-1 K^-1], [J g^-1 K^-1], [BTU lb^-1 F^-1]
Thermal Expansivity [K^-1]
Kinematic Diffusivity [m^2 s^-2], [cm^2 s^-1]
Acceleration [m s^-2], [ft s^-2]
Temperature [K], [C], [R], [F]
Density [kg m^-3], [g cm^-3], [lb ft^-3]
Mass Concentration [kg m^-3], [g l^-1]
Mass Fraction [kg kg^-1], [g kg^-1]
Length [m], [mm], [foot], [in]
Mass Flow in [kg s^-1], [tonne s^-1], [lb s^-1]
Volumetric Flow in [m^3 s^-1], [litre s^-1], [gallon hr^-1], [gallonUSliquid hr^-1]
Heat Transfer Coefficient [W m^-2 K^-1]
Heat Flux in [W m^-2]
Time [s], [min], [hr]
Shear Strain rate [s^-1]
Energy Source [W m^-3], [kg m^-1 s^-3]
Energy Source Coefficient [W m-^3 K^-1], [kg m^-1 s^-3 K^-1]
Momentum Source [kg m^-2 s^-2]
Momentum Source Lin. [kg m^-3 s]
Coeff.
Momentum Source Quad. [kg m^-4]
Coeff.
Per Time [s^-1]
Angle [radian], [degree]
Angular Velocity [radian s^-1], [rev min^-1]
Specific Enthalpy [J kg^-1], [m^2 s^-2]
Energy [J]

Defining your Own Units

The commonly used units array is only a subset of the possible units you can use in ANSYS
CFX-Pre. Each unit is a combination of one or more base dimensions. To specify your own
units for a quantity, click the enter expression icon for the associated variable and type the
value and units into the databox, using the syntax. For details, see Units Syntax (p. 131).
There are many base units to choose from; most units in common use are valid as parts of
unit strings. You can specify any quantity in any valid units as long as you adhere to the units
definition syntax.

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Units And Dimensions: Solution Units

Solution Units
There are two sets of units in ANSYS CFX-Pre: the units visible when selecting Edit > Options
from the main menu, which are also used for mesh import and transformation, and the
solution units set in the Solution Units details view (available from the main menu under
Insert > Solver). The solution units are the units that the ANSYS CFX-Solver writes in the
results file. For details, see Units (p. 40).
Setting the solution units does not alter the units you can use to define quantities in ANSYS
CFX-Pre. These are the units the results file is written in. Additionally, these are the units
assumed in the summary at the end of the out file, when data such as variable range and
forces on walls is presented.
When post-processing a results file in ANSYS CFX-Post, the units used are not necessarily
those used in the results file. ANSYS CFX-Post will convert to your preferred units.
Most common units can be used for the solution units; however, some important
restrictions apply:
The temperature solution units must be an absolute scale; for example, Kelvin [K] or
Rankin [R]. Celsius and Fahrenheit cannot be used. Temperature quantities elsewhere in
ANSYS CFX-Pre can be set in Celsius and Fahrenheit.
The solution units must not be changed when restarting a run. The units in the initial
guess file will assume the units used in the current ANSYS CFX-Solver definition (.def)
file.
You must not change the length units outside of ANSYS CFX-Pre, for example, by editing
the CCL in a definition file. The mesh is written to the definition file using the length
units; therefore, once the definition file has been written these units should not change.

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Coordinate Frames

Introduction
This chapter describes:
Creating a New Coordinate Frame (p. 135)
Coordinate Frame Basic Settings Tab (p. 136)
By default, all quantities used in ANSYS CFX-Pre are defined with reference to the global
Cartesian coordinate frame. In some cases, it is useful to use a different coordinate frame for
specifying boundary conditions, initial conditions, source components or spatially varying
material properties. It is possible to specify one or more local coordinate frame objects
which can then be referred to. This chapter describes the user interface for creating local
coordinate frame objects. For details, see Coordinate Frames (p. 22 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide").
Local Coordinate Frame objects may be defined in terms of Cartesian or Cylindrical
coordinates. Here, the numbers 1, 2, 3 are used to denote the Cartesian X, Y, Z axes or the
Cylindrical R, T, Z axes of the local coordinate frame, as applicable.

Creating a New Coordinate Frame

1. Select Insert > Coordinate Frame.
The Insert Coord Frame dialog box appears
2. Set Name to a unique name for the coordinate frame.
Coord 0 cannot be used as a name as it is the default coordinate frame. For details, see
For details, see Valid Syntax for Named Objects (p. 15).
3. Click OK.
The coordinate frame details view appears, with the Basic Settings tab visible.
4. Specify the basic settings.
For details, see Coordinate Frame Basic Settings Tab (p. 136).
5. Click OK.

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Coordinate Frames: Coordinate Frame Basic Settings Tab
An object named after the coordinate frame is created and listed in the tree view under
Simulation.

Coordinate Frame Basic Settings Tab

The Basic Settings tab for a coordinate frame object contains settings that specify the
coordinate frame. It is accessible by creating a new coordinate frame or by editing a
coordinate frame listed in the tree view.
Coordinate Frame: Option (p. 136)
Coordinate Frame: Centroid (p. 136)
Coordinate Frame: Direction (p. 137)
Coord Frame Type (p. 137)
Reference Coord Frame (p. 137)
Origin: Coordinate (p. 137)
Z-Axis Point: Coordinate (p. 138)
X-Z Plane Point: Coordinate (p. 138)
Visibility Check Box (p. 138)

Coordinate Frame: Option

Point and This method can be used to make Cartesian coordinate frames. The origin of the coordinate
Normal frame is set to the centroid of a specified 2D region (which is available only when a mesh
exists). Axis 3 of the coordinate frame is then computed as locally normal to the 2D region;
its direction can be reversed if not satisfactory (after examining the coordinate frame
representation in the viewer). Optionally, Axis 1 may be given a prescribed orientation
about Axis 3 by specifying a point that is interpreted as lying on the 1-3 plane with a positive
Axis 1 coordinate. If such a point is not specified explicitly, the global origin is used. Axis 2 is
found by the right-hand rule.

Axis Points This method can be used to make Cartesian or Cylindrical coordinate frames. The coordinate
frame is created by specifying three points and it is important to understand how these
three points are used to create a coordinate frame. For details, see Coordinate Frame Details
(p. 96 in "ANSYS CFX-Post User's Guide").

Coordinate Frame: Centroid

Location (applies only when Option is set to Point and Normal)
Select a 2D region or combination of 2D regions, the centroid of which will be used as the
origin of the coordinate frame.
Tip: Hold the <Ctrl> key when clicking to select multiple regions.

Tip: With Single Select selected, you may click locations in the viewer to make them
available for selection.

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 Coordinate Frames: Coordinate Frame Basic Settings Tab
Centroid Type (applies only when Option is set to Point and Normal)
Absolute
The true centroid position is used. If the specified region is not planar, the absolute
centroid may not lie on the surface.
Nearest Point on Mesh
The mesh node nearest to the true centroid is used.

Coordinate Frame: Direction

Invert Normal (applies only when Option is set to Point and Normal)
Axis Direction
This check box determines whether or not the direction of the Z-axis is reversed from that
Check Box
initially determined.

Point on (applies only when Option is set to Point and Normal)

Reference Plane
This check box determines whether or not the theta=0 direction is defined explicitly by a
1-3 Check Box
point in the 1-3 plane. If selected, you must specify that point.

Point on Enter global Cartesian coordinates that define a point on the 1-3 plane of the coordinate
Reference Plane frame. The direction of this point from the nearest point on Axis 3 is the direction of Axis 1.
1-3 Check Box:
Axis 1 corresponds with the radial direction for theta=0.
Coordinate
Tip: With Single Select selected, you may click 2D locations in the viewer to select
their corresponding points.

Coord Frame Type

(applies only when Option is set to Axis Points)
Cartesian
Coordinates interpreted with reference to the coordinate frame will be interpreted as
Cartesian. For details, see Cartesian Coordinate Frames (p. 23 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide").
Cylindrical
Coordinates interpreted with reference to the coordinate frame will be interpreted as
cylindrical. For details, see Cylindrical Coordinate Frames (p. 23 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide").

Reference Coord Frame

(applies only when Option is set to Axis Points)
Select an existing coordinate frame to use as a basis for interpreting the point data that
defines the present coordinate frame.

Origin: Coordinate
(applies only when Option is set to Axis Points)

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Coordinate Frames: Coordinate Frame Basic Settings Tab
Enter coordinates, in the reference coordinate frame, that define the origin of the present
coordinate frame. The coordinates will be interpreted as Cartesian X,Y,Z values, or
Cylindrical R, T, Z values, according to the type of the reference coordinate frame, not the
type of the present coordinate frame. The default reference Coordinate Frame, Coord 0,
is Cartesian.

Tip: With Single Select selected, you may click 2D locations in the viewer to select
their corresponding points.

Z-Axis Point: Coordinate

(applies only when Option is set to Axis Points)
Enter coordinates, in the reference Coordinate Frame, that define a point on the Z-axis of
the present Coordinate Frame, on the positive side of the axis. The coordinates will be
interpreted as Cartesian X,Y,Z values, or cylindrical R, T, Z values, according to the type of the
reference Coordinate Frame, not the type of the present Coordinate Frame. The default
reference Coordinate Frame, Coord 0, is Cartesian.

Tip: With Single Select selected, you may click locations in the viewer.

X-Z Plane Point: Coordinate

(applies only when Option is set to Axis Points)
Enter coordinates, in the reference Coordinate Frame, that define a point on the X-Z plane
of the present Coordinate Frame. The coordinates will be interpreted as Cartesian X,Y,Z
values, or cylindrical R, T, Z values, according to the type of the reference Coordinate Frame,
not the type of the present Coordinate Frame. The default reference Coordinate Frame,
Coord 0, is Cartesian.
The direction of this point from the nearest point on the Z-axis is the direction of the X-axis.

Tip: With Single Select selected, you may click locations in the viewer.

Visibility Check Box

This check box determines whether or not the graphics representation of the coordinate
axis is displayed in the viewer.

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Simulation Type

Introduction
This chapter describes:
Editing the Simulation Type (p. 139)

Editing the Simulation Type

The Simulation Type details view is used to specify the simulation as steady state or
transient, and whether it requires coupling to an external solver such as ANSYS Multi-field.
A description of when simulations with external solver coupling need to be performed can
be found in Overview (p. 335 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide"). Additional
information on when a steady state or transient simulation should be performed is
available. For details, see Steady State and Transient Flows (p. 3 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide").
A description of the options in this view is available under:
Steady State Time Scale Control (p. 374 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide")
Transient Timestep Control (p. 379 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide")
Overview of Pre-processing for ANSYS Multi-field Simulations (p. 336 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide")

Basic Settings Tab

The following topics are discussed in this section:
External Solver Coupling Settings (p. 139)
Simulation Type Settings (p. 140)

External Solver Most simulations will require no coupling to another solver and Option can be left set to the
Coupling default of None. If you are setting up a two-way fluid-structure simulation, coupling the CFX
Settings
solver to the ANSYS solver, then you need to set Option to either ANSYS MultiField or
ANSYS MultiField via Prep7. Use ANSYS MultiField if you want to do a full ANSYS
Multi-field set-up, or ANSYS MultiField via Prep7 if you want to do a minimal set-up in
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Simulation Type: Editing the Simulation Type
ANSYS CFX-Pre and define the ANSYS Multi-field set-up in the ANSYS Prep7 user interface.
A full description of these two modes of operation can be found in Overview of
Pre-processing for ANSYS Multi-field Simulations (p. 336 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling
Guide").
If ANSYS MultiField is selected, then additional information must be specified. The ANSYS
Input File setting is described in ANSYS Input File Specification (p. 338 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide"), and the Coupling Time Control settings are described in
Coupling Time Control (p. 339 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Simulation Type Set Option to one of the following simulation types:

Settings
Steady State (p. 140)
Transient (p. 140)

Steady State
No further settings are required for the Steady State option.

Transient
Time Duration
Set Option to determine the length of the transient simulation:
Total Time
Time per run
Maximum Number of Timesteps
Number of Timesteps per Run
Coupling Time Duration
For details, see Time Duration (p. 379 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Time Steps
Set Option to determine the size of timesteps for the run:
Timesteps
Timesteps for the Run
Adaptive
Coupling Timesteps
The Timesteps and Timesteps for the Run parameters can take single value or lists. If a list
is entered, it should be comma separated, for example, 2, 1.2, 2.4. If an expression is
used, you must associate units with each item in the list, for example 2 [s], 1.2 [s], 2.4
[s]. In addition, it is possible to define multiples of a timestep value in the user interface
when not using the expression method. For example, you could enter 5*0.1, 2*0.5, 10*1
as a list of values, and set the units to [s] separately. The corresponding CCL that would be
generated would be:
0.1 [s], 0.1 [s], 0.1 [s], 0.1 [s], 0.1 [s], 0.5 [s], 0.5 [s], 1 [s], 1
[s], 1 [s], 1 [s], 1 [s], 1 [s], 1 [s], 1 [s], 1 [s], 1 [s]

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 Simulation Type: Editing the Simulation Type
If you accidentally enter 5*0.1 [s], 2*0.5 [s], 10*1 [s] as an expression, the
multiplication would be carried out, and the corresponding CCL that would be generated
would be:
0.5 [s], 1.0 [s], 10.0 [s]

For details, see Transient Timestep Control (p. 379 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
When Adaptive time is selected, set one of the following three conditions for Timestep
Adaption to automate the calculation of timestep size:
Number of Coefficient Loops
RMS Courant Number
MAX Courant Number
For details, see Timesteps: Adaptive (p. 381 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Initial Time
Set the Option to specify the Initial Time for a transient simulation.
Automatic
Automatic with Value
Value
Coupling Initial Time
For details, see Initial Time (p. 382 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

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Domains

Introduction
This chapter describes:
Creating New Domains (p. 144)
The Details View for Domain Objects (p. 144)
Using Multiple Domains (p. 145)
User Interface (p. 146)

ANSYS CFX-Pre uses the concept of domains to define the type, properties and region of the
fluid, porous or solid. Domains are regions of space in which the equations of fluid flow or
heat transfer are solved. This section describes how to use the domain details view to define
the physics of fluid, porous or solid domains in your simulation. This includes selecting the
3D bounding region(s) and choosing appropriate physical models.
A list of the physical models available in ANSYS CFX, as well as additional information on the
physical meaning of the models used, is available. For details, see Physical Models (p. 2 in
"ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Domains are created from a list of Assemblies, 3D primitive regions and/or 3D composite
regions which are associated with a volume of an imported mesh. A discussion of these
objects can be found in ANSYS CFX-Pre. For details, see Mesh Topology in ANSYS CFX-Pre
(p. 82).
In some cases, separate domains will need to be connected via a domain interface, while in
other cases, no interface is required or a default interface is created and is suitable. For
details, see Domain Interfaces (p. 191).
Within fluid, porous, and solid domains, internal 3D regions can be assigned to a
subdomain. These are used to create volumetric sources of mass, momentum, energy, etc.
For details, see Sub Domains (p. 165).
Boundary conditions can be applied to any bounding surface of a 3D primitive that is
included in a domain (i.e., including internal surfaces). For details, see Boundary Conditions
(p. 175).

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Domains: Creating New Domains

Creating New Domains

New domains are created by selecting Insert > Domain or clicking the Domains icon.
This will display the following window where a unique name for the domain should be
entered.
Additional information on valid names is available. For details, see Valid Syntax for Named
Objects (p. 15). You can edit an existing domain by double-clicking it in the tree view.
Existing domains may be edited by double-clicking on the domain in the tree view, or by
right-clicking the domain and selecting Edit. For details, see Outline Tree View (p. 11).

The Details View for Domain Objects

After entering a name for the domain, or selecting a domain to edit, the domain details view
appears in the workspace. In this view, you should complete each of the following tabs in
turn, proceeding from left to right across the tabs. The tabs shown depends on your
simulation, but could be:
General Options: Sets the location and type of domains, as well as the fluid, porous or
solid, used in the domain. The reference pressure, buoyancy options and domain
motion are also set here. For details, see General Options Tab (p. 146).
Porosity Settings: Only available for porous domains. Set the general description of a
porous domain.
Fluid Models: Only available for fluid domains. Sets the physical models that apply to
all domain fluids. For details, see Fluid Models Tab (p. 149).
Fluid Details (e.g., Water at RTP): Only available for fluid or porous domains when more
than one fluid is selected, or for a single phase case when particles are included. A
separate tab is used for each fluid in the domain and uses the fluid name as the name
for the tab. This sets physical model options that are specific to each domain fluid. For
details, see Fluid Details Tab (p. 155).
Fluid Pairs: Only available for fluid domains using multiple fluids or when particles are
included. This sets options that depend on the interaction between fluid pairs, such as
transfer options. For details, see Fluid Pairs Tab (p. 158).
Solid Models: Only available for solid domains. Sets the physical models that apply to
the solid. For details, see Solid Models Tab (p. 162).
Particle Injection Regions: When a particle tracking simulation is used, custom
injection regions can be created using this tab. For details, see Particle Injection Regions
Tab (p. 163).
Initialization: Sets initial conditions on a domain basis. For details, see Initialization Tab
(p. 163). This is optional since global initialization can also be performed, but is essential
for solid domains.

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 Domains: Using Multiple Domains

Using Multiple Domains

For any given CFD problem, more than one domain may be defined. By default, the physical
models used in each domain must be consistent; therefore, each time you create or edit a
domain, the physical models (fluid lists, heat transfer models, etc.) are applied across all
domains of the same type (e.g., fluid or solid), possibly overwriting models chosen earlier for
other domains.
Please note the following:
It is possible to override this behavior and define different physical conditions in distinct
separate fluid domains. This can be done either by setting the environment variable
CFX5_NO_CONSTANT_PHYSICS to any value before starting ANSYS CFX-Pre, or by
enabling beta features and setting the Constant Domain Physics action by
right-clicking on the Simulation branch. This will result in no checking for consistent
physics across separate domains by ANSYS CFX-Pre. Any simulation that has been
defined in this mode will remember these settings when it is re-opened in CFX-Pre.
Some exceptions exist when using fluid and solid domains together and also to allow
MFR (multiple frame of reference) simulations to be defined.
If a domain interface is required, refer to Using Domain Interfaces (p. 148 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide") for information on the correct use of interfaces.

Multiple Fluid Domains

When consistent physics has been enforced, all settings are copied across all fluid domains
when any fluid domain is edited with the following exceptions:
Location: The location of each domain must obviously be different.
Coord Frame: Each domain can use a different reference local coordinate frame.
Domain Motion: Each domain can be independently stationary or rotating. For rotating
domains, the angular velocity and axis of rotating can be different for each domain. This
allows MFR simulations to be setup.
Note that these parameters are all set on the General Options tab on the Domains form.
Fluid and Solid Domains: Settings are NOT copied between fluid and solid domains with the
exception of Thermal Radiation Model. If any solid domain uses the Monte Carlo radiation
model, then all fluid domains must also model radiation and must use the Monte Carlo
model. If no solid domain has radiation modeling (i.e., Option = None), then the fluid
domains can use any radiation model.

Multiple Solid Domains

Settings are NOT copied between solid domains. Each solid domain can be made from a
different material and can mix the Monte Carlo radiation model and no radiation model.

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Domains: User Interface

User Interface
The following topics will be discussed:
General Options Tab (p. 146)
Fluid Models Tab (p. 149)
Musig Fluid Tab (p. 155)
Fluid Details Tab (p. 155)
Fluid Pairs Tab (p. 158)
Solid Models Tab (p. 162)
Particle Injection Regions Tab (p. 163)
Initialization Tab (p. 163)

General Options Tab

The General Options apply to the whole of the domain. When you create a new domain,
the General Options tab is initially shown.

Basic Settings Location

The Location is the list of assemblies, 3D primitive regions and/or 3D composite regions
that define the volume of the domain. For details, see Mesh Topology in ANSYS CFX-Pre
(p. 82). Using an assembly or a composite region in the Location list implicitly includes all 3D
primitives contained within the object. You can use more than one location by using the

<Shift> or <Ctrl> keys to pick multiple entries from the drop down list. The icon to the
right of the drop-down list can be used to pick locations from an expanded list. Alternatively,
clicking a location in the viewer displays a small box containing the available locations.
For details, see Domain and Subdomain Locations (p. 84).

Domain Type
The domain type can be selected as either fluid, solid, or porous. Solid domains are used to
model heat transfer and radiation in a conducting solid without fluid or porous flow. Porous
domains are used to model flows where the geometry is too complex to resolve with a grid.
For details, see Flow in Porous Media (p. 65 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Theory Guide"). For details,
see Conjugate Heat Transfer (p. 9 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Fluids List or Solids List

Fluid and porous domains have a drop-down Fluids List while solid domains have a
drop-down Solids List. The list contains some commonly used fluids or solids. For fluid and

porous domains, you can access a full list of fluids by clicking on to the right of the

Fluids List. This contains all of the fluids available in ANSYS CFX-Pre. After clicking you

may also choose to select Import Library Data to load library data from a file.

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 Domains: User Interface
The specification of fluid properties (e.g., density and viscosity) and the creation of custom
solids and fluids is performed in the Materials details view. For details, see Materials (p. 101).
New fluids and solids are added to the relevant drop-down list.
You may select any number of fluids, using the <Ctrl> and <Shift> keys. If more than one
fluid is selected, a multiphase simulation is implied and you will need to specify fluid specific
models and define how the fluids interact with each other. For details, see Multiphase Flow
Modeling (p. 155 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
A solid domain must be made from a single solid material.

Coord Frame
By default in a fluid domain, Coord Frame is set to the default Cartesian frame, Coord 0, but
you can select any predefined Cartesian or cylindrical coordinate frame. To create a new
coordinate frame, select Insert > Coordinate Frame from the main menu. For details, see
Coordinate Frames (p. 135). For details, see Coordinate Frames (p. 22 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide").
The coordinate frame set for a domain is local to only that domain and is used to interpret
all x, y and z component values set in the domain details view. This includes the gravity
components in a buoyant flow and the rotation axis definition in a rotating domain. The
coordinate frame set here has no influence on boundary conditions for the domain. When a
cylindrical coordinate frame is used, the x, y, z values entered correspond to the r, , z
coordinates. For details, see Global Coordinate Frame (Coord 0) (p. 22 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide").

Particle Tracking
To include particles in the domain, select the Particle Tracking check box and select the
material(s) for the particles from the Particles List.
The Particles List is used to list any fluid or solid particle materials that you want to include
in the domain. Each material included in the list implies a separate particle phase, in the
same way as the number of fluids in the Fluids List defines the number of fluid phases. You

can access a list of all fluids and solids currently available by clicking the icon next to
the drop-down menu. For details, see Particle Transport Modeling (p. 203 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Domain Models Pressure: Reference Pressure

This sets the absolute pressure level to which all other relative pressure set in a simulation
are measured. For details, see Setting a Reference Pressure (p. 10 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide").

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Domains: User Interface
Buoyancy: Option
For flows in which gravity is important, you should include the buoyancy term. Gravity
components in the x, y and z directions should be entered; these are interpreted in the
coordinate frame for the domain. If the coordinate frame is cylindrical, then the components
correspond to the r, , z directions. For details, see Coordinate Frames (p. 22 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
There are two different buoyancy models in ANSYS CFX 11.0: the one used depends upon
the properties of the selected fluid(s). Depending on the types of fluid selected, a Buoyancy
Reference Temperature and / or a Buoyancy Reference Density must be set. This is
because different fluids use either the full or Boussinesq buoyancy model. In multiphase
flows, the reference density can have a significant effect.
The Buoyancy Reference Location can be set automatically, or to a specific location with
X/Y/Z coordinates.
For details, see Buoyancy (p. 11 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
For details, see Buoyancy (p. 33 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Theory Guide").

Domain Motion
ANSYS CFX-Pre allows you to specify either a stationary domain or a domain that is rotating
about a specified axis. The Domain Motion settings are not copied across to all domains
when one domain is edited. This allows each domain to rotate independently at different
rates, or to remain stationary.
For a rotating domain, the angular velocity and axis of rotation need to be defined and the
option of an alternate rotation model is provided. For details, see Rotating Frames of
Reference (RFR) (p. 24 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Angular Velocity: The angular velocity gives the rotation rate of the domain, which can
be a function of time.
Axis Definition: The axis of rotation can be a coordinate axis of the local coordinate
frame or a local cylindrical axis defined by two points.
If Coordinate Axis is selected, the available axes are all local and global coordinate
axes. Coord 0 is the global coordinate frame, and its axes are referred to as
Global X, Global Y and Global Z. A local coordinate frame's axes are referred to
as myCoord.1, myCoord.2, myCoord.3 where 1,2,3 represent the local X,Y,Z
directions.
If Two Points is selected, Rotation Axis From and Rotation Axis To must be set.
The points are interpreted in the coordinate frame for the domain. If the coordinate
frame is cylindrical, then the components correspond to the r, , z directions. For
details, see Coordinate Frames (p. 22 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Alternate Rotation Model: For details, see Alternate Rotation Model (p. 24 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Note: If you create two fluid domains, and modify a property of the second domain, that
property will also be copied to all other fluid domains in the simulation.

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 Domains: User Interface
Mesh Deformation
Mesh deformation can be used to model flows with a varying geometry, for both transient
and steady-state simulations. There are three options for the specification of mesh
deformation for a domain:
None
Regions of Motion Specified: permits wall boundaries and subdomains to move,
and makes mesh motion settings available. These include a mesh motion option (which
must be set to Displacement Diffusion) and mesh stiffness settings. For details, see
Regions of Motion Specified (p. 4 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Junction Box Routine: reads mesh coordinate datasets from a file into the ANSYS
CFX-Solver as the solution proceeds. This step requires the specification of a series of
meshes and User Fortran routine(s). For details, see Junction Box Routine (p. 7 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Porosity Settings Tab

The Porosity Settings tab is where the general description of a porous domain is specified
for the simulation.

Area Porosity Area Porosity represents the fraction of physical area that is available for the flow to go
through. The default setting is Isotropic.

Volume Porosity Volume Porosity is the local ratio of the volume of fluid to the total physical volume.

Loss Models Porous losses can be included using an isotropic or directional loss model. In each case, the
loss is specified using either linear and quadratic coefficients, or permeability and loss
coefficients. When specifying the loss coefficients, it is important to properly set the Loss
Velocity Type.
For details, see Isotropic Loss Model (p. 27 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
For details, see Directional Loss Model (p. 27 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Fluid Models Tab

The Fluid Models tab is where models are chosen, which apply to all Eulerian fluids in the
simulation. By default, the fluids models must be consistent between all fluid domains in a
multidomain simulation, but ANSYS CFX supports inconsistent physics through the setting
of an environment variable.
For details, see Using Multiple Domains (p. 145).
For details, see Solid Models Tab (p. 162).
In a multiphase simulation, the options that are allowed to vary between fluids will appear
on the Fluid Details tab instead. For details, see Fluid Details Tab (p. 155).
Some fluid models can apply to all fluids or can be set on a fluid-specific basis, these models
will appear on the Fluid Models section with a Fluid Dependent option. If this is selected,
then the model appears on the Fluid Details tab.

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Domains: User Interface
The options available on the Fluid Details tab depends on the simulation setup, including
the type and number of fluid(s) used in the simulation (e.g., single or multicomponent,
single or multiphase, reacting or non-reacting) and if Additional Variables have been
created.
All details related to Particle Tracking are set on the General Settings tab and the models
chosen on the Fluid Models tab do not apply to the particle phase.
Radiation with multiphase is not supported. However, it is allowed for single Eulerian
particle tracking cases on the Fluid Details tab.
The available settings depend on the physical models chosen in your simulation.

Multiphase These options are only applicable to multiphase simulations.

Options
Homogeneous Model
Inhomogeneous is the general case of multiphase flow, where each fluid has its own
velocity field, turbulence field, and so on. You can select the Homogeneous Model check
box to switch to this model, where all fluids share a velocity field, turbulence field, etc. For
details, see The Homogeneous and Inhomogeneous Models (p. 161 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide"). Both the inhomogeneous and homogeneous models have a Free
Surface Model option.

Allow Musig Fluids

Dispersed phases which have a large variation in size can be modeled using musig fluids.
When more than one fluid is specified for the domain, the MUSIG model can be made
available by selecting Allow Musig Fluids. For details, see Multiple Size Group (MUSIG)
Model (p. 174 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Free Surface Model

You can select the Standard free surface model if you are modeling multiphase flow with a
distinct interface between the fluids. For details, see Free Surface Flow (p. 196 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Multiphase Reactions
Multiphase Reactions are available when any reactions have been defined with type
Multiphase. For details, see Multiphase: Basic Settings (p. 113). Any reactions that are to be
included in the simulation should be selected from the drop-down list. For details, see
Multiphase Reactions (p. 247 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Heat Transfer Homogeneous Model

For details, see Homogeneous Heat Transfer in Multiphase Flow (p. 174 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Heat Transfer: Option

Depending on your simulation, the following heat transfer options are possible. For details,
see Heat Transfer (p. 8 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
None: Not available for compressible fluids, since a temperature is required at which to
evaluate the fluid properties.

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 Domains: User Interface
Isothermal: Not available for reacting fluids.
Thermal Energy: Models the transport of enthalpy through the fluid and is suitable for
modeling heat transfer in low-speed flows. For details, see The Thermal Energy Equation
(p. 23 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Theory Guide").
Total Energy: Includes high-speed energy effects. You can include the Viscous Work
Term in the energy equation. For details, see The Total Energy Equation (p. 23 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Theory Guide").
Fluid Dependent: Is used to set different heat transfer models for each fluid in a
multiphase simulation. A heat transfer model is then set for each fluid on the Fluid
Details tab. This option cannot be used when Homogeneous Model is selected.

Turbulence Advice on which turbulence model is appropriate for your simulation and a description of
each model can be reviewed.
For details, see Turbulence and Near-Wall Modeling (p. 97 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide").
For details, see Turbulence Modeling in Multiphase Flow (p. 176 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide").
For details, see Turbulence Models (p. 69 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Theory Guide").

Homogeneous Model
If you have not selected Homogeneous Model under Multiphase Options, then
Homogeneous Model under Turbulence frame will be available.
If selected, this will solve a single turbulence field for an inhomogeneous simulation. There
will be no fluid-specific turbulence data to set. For details, see Homogeneous Turbulence in
Inhomogeneous Flow (p. 177 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
If you do not enable this check box, then you will usually select Fluid Dependant and
specify turbulence data on the fluid-specific tabs. Alternatively, the Laminar model can be
picked to apply to all fluids (this is not homogeneous turbulence).
Homogeneous multiphase flow always uses homogeneous turbulence; therefore, you only
need select the turbulence model to use.

Turbulence: Option
You can select one of the following turbulence models:
None (Laminar): Turbulence is not modeled. This should only be used for laminar flow.
Of the combustion models, only Finite Rate Chemistry is available for laminar flow. For
details, see The Laminar Model (p. 98 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
k-epsilon: A standard fluid model that is suitable for a wide range of simulations. For
details, see The k-epsilon Model (p. 99 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Fluid Dependent: Allows you to set different turbulence models for each fluid in the
domain. If this option is selected, the turbulence model for each fluid is set in the Fluid
Details tab. This is only available for multiphase simulations when Homogeneous
Model is not selected.
Shear Stress Transport: Recommended for accurate boundary layer simulations.
For details, see The k-omega and SSTModels (p. 100 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling
Guide").

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Domains: User Interface
Omega Reynolds Stress / BSL Reynolds Stress: For details, see Omega-Based
Reynolds Stress Models (p. 102 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
QI / SSG / LRR Reynolds Stress: Provides high accuracy for some complex flows.
For details, see Reynolds Stress Turbulence Models (p. 85 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Theory
Guide").
Zero Equation: Only the Finite Rate Chemistry combustion model is available when
using the zero equation turbulence model. For details, see The Zero Equation Model
(p. 99 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
RNG k-Epsilon: A variation of the k-epsilon model.
k-Omega: The SST model is often preferred to this model.
LES Smagorinsky: Available for transient simulation only. For details, see The Large
Eddy Simulation Model (LES) (p. 111 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Detached Eddy Simulation: Available for transient simulation only. For details, see
The Detached Eddy Simulation Model (DES) (p. 116 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling
Guide").
The available Advanced Control settings for turbulence modeling depend on the
turbulence model. For details, see Advanced Control (p. 152).

Buoyancy Turbulence
Buoyancy Turbulence is available for two (or more) equation turbulence models. For details,
see Buoyancy Turbulence (p. 125 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Wall Function
The wall function is automatically set depending on the turbulence model selected.
Therefore, you will not need to change this setting. For multiphase flow, if the fluid
dependent turbulence model option is selected, the wall function option appears on the
fluid- specific tabs. The Laminar and zero equation turbulence models do not use wall
functions. For details, see Modeling Flow Near the Wall (p. 125 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide").

Advanced Control
For details on the available Advanced Control settings for turbulence modeling, please
refer to the ANSYS CFX-Pre CCL Details chapter in the reference guide, or the appropriate
sections of the solver modeling or theory guides.

Reaction or If a reacting mixture, which includes reactions, has been selected as one of the domain
Combustion fluids, then you can select a combustion model as:
Model
Eddy Dissipation
Finite Rate Chemistry
Finite Rate Chemistry and Eddy Dissipation
Laminar Flamelet with PDF
Partially Premixed and Laminar Flamelet with PDF
Fluid Dependent (multiphase only)

For details, see Material Details View: Variable Composition Mixture (p. 108).

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 Domains: User Interface
Only Finite Rate Chemistry is available when Laminar or Zero Equation is used.
In multiphase simulations, when Fluid Dependent is selected, a different combustion
model can be used for each reacting fluid in the simulation. If the homogeneous multiphase
model is used, all fluids must be reacting mixtures that include reactions to allow a
combustion to be modeled.
Eddy Dissipation and Finite Rate Chemistry allow you to limit the computed reaction
rates by setting the following parameters:
Chemical Timescale: The reaction rate is set to zero if the turbulent time scale is smaller
than this value.
Extinction Temperature: The reaction rate is set to zero if the local temperature is
below this value.
Additionally, the Eddy Dissipation model allows:
Mixing Rate Limit: The maximum allowed value of the local turbulent mixing rate.
For details, see Combustion Modeling (p. 259 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Soot Model
When a combustion model is selected, you can optionally enable the Magnussen soot
model to account for the formation of soot. In multiphase simulations, this model appears
on the fluid-specific tab for each fluid that uses a combustion model.
A Fuel and Soot Material is required, and the following optional parameters can also be set:
Fuel Consumption Reaction
Fuel Carbon Mass Fraction
Soot Density
Soot Particle Mean Diameter
For details, see Soot Model (p. 284 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Thermal If a heat transfer model other than None has been selected, you can model thermal radiation.
Radiation Model If a radiation model is selected, you must make sure that the radiation properties for that
fluid have been set in the Material details view. For details, see Material Properties Tab
(p. 105). Radiation is not supported for multiphase simulations in ANSYS CFX. The four
radiation models available in ANSYS CFX are:
Rosseland
P1
Discrete Transfer
Monte Carlo
A Spectral Model can be selected for all radiation models. If the Multigray or Weighted
Sum of Gray Gases representation is selected for the Spectral Model, then you should
create the required number of gray gases.

1. Click Add new item to add a new gray gas. (You can click Delete to delete a
highlighted gray gas.)
2. Set the Weight and Absorption Coefficient for each gray gas.

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For details, see Multigray/Weighted Sum of Gray Gases (p. 301 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide").
Alternatively, if the Multiband representation is selected, you should create Spectral
Bands:

1. Click Add new item to add a new spectral band. (You can click Delete to delete
a highlighted spectral band.)
2. Set Option to either Frequency, Wavelength or Wavenumber.
3. Enter upper and lower limits for the option selected.
This defines the range of the spectral band.
For details, see Multiband (p. 301 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
For details, see Spectral Model (p. 301 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
For details, see Radiation Modeling (p. 289 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Component If your fluid contains more than one component (i.e., you are using a variable composition
Details or reacting mixture, or HCF fuel, created in the Material details view), then Component
Details will need to be set on the Fluid Models tab. If using the Algebraic Slip Multiphase
model (ASM), the settings are specified in this view as well. For details, see Algebraic Slip
Model (p. 201 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide"). When a non-ASM multiphase model
is used, the Component Details form appears on the fluid-specific tabs.
Select each component in turn and set the required option.
Select the type of equation to solve for this component as Automatic, Transport
Equation, Constraint, Algebraic Equation or Algebraic Slip. A description of the
multiphase model is available.
For details, see Algebraic Slip Model (p. 201 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
For details, see Component Domain Settings (p. 17 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling
Guide").
If you have selected to solve a transport equation for the component, you can optionally
enter a value for Kinematic Diffusivity. If you do not set Kinematic Diffusivity, then
the Bulk Viscosity value is used.
The Component Details specify the model used to calculate the mass fraction of each
component throughout the domain. For details, see Component Domain Settings (p. 17 in
"ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Additional If you have defined any additional variables from the additional variable details view, then
Variable Details you can choose to include or exclude them here. An additional variable is included by
selecting it from the Additional Variables Details list and then enabling the check box with
the name of the additional variable. For details, see Additional Variables (p. 93).
If an additional variable is included, you must select how the additional variable level is
calculated. The ANSYS CFX-Solver can solve a conservation equations for the variable
(Transport Equation, Diffusive Transport Equation, or Poisson Equation).
Alternatively, you can define the variable value algebraically using CEL by selecting the
Algebraic Equation option. For details, see Additional Variables (p. 19 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
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For multiphase flow, only homogeneous additional variables are set on the Fluid Models
tab. Fluid-specific additional variables may be set on the Fluid Details tab. Note that the
Algebraic Equation option is not available for homogeneous additional variables. In
addition, only specific additional variables are permitted to be homogeneous.

Musig Fluid Tab

The Musig Fluid tab for a domain object contains settings that define the properties of
Musig fluids. It is accessible by selecting Allow Musig Fluids on the Fluid Models tab.
For details, see Multiple Size Group (MUSIG) Model (p. 174 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling
Guide").

Fluid Details Tab

The Fluid Details tab contains settings for fluid-specific properties. It appears for
multiphase simulations and when particles are included in the domain.
The options available depends on the simulation setup, including the type and number of
fluid(s) used in the simulation (e.g., single or multicomponent, single or multiphase, reacting
or non reacting) and if s have been created.

Fluid Details List This list box is used to select a fluid (which can, in some cases, represent a solid). The rest of
Box the tab contains settings for this selected fluid.

Morphology The available morphology options depend on whether you are setting fluid-specific details
for an Eulerian phase (i.e., a fluid that appears in the Fluids List on the General Options tab)
or for a particle phase (i.e., shown in the Particles List on the General Options tab). For
Eulerian phases, the options are:
Continuous Fluid
Dispersed Fluid
Dispersed Solid

For details, see Morphology (p. 160 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Polydispersed Fluid is automatically selected for a musig fluid. When Homogeneous
Model is enabled from the Fluid Models tab, Morphology is always set to Continuous
Fluid (the morphology is actually irrelevant for the homogeneous multiphase model).

For a particle phase, the options are:

Particle Transport Fluid
Particle Transport Solid
For details, see Particle Morphology Options (p. 207 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Mean Diameter
For Dispersed Fluid and Dispersed Solid phases, a mean diameter is required. For
details, see Mean Diameter (p. 161 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

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Minimum Volume Fraction
This is available for dispersed phases, but you will not usually need to set a value. For details,
see Minimum Volume Fraction (p. 161 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Maximum Packing
This is available for Dispersed Fluid and Dispersed Solid phases. For details, see
Maximum Packing (p. 171 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Particle Diameter Distribution

This is available for particle phases. For details, see Particle Diameter Distribution (p. 207 in
"ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Particle Shape Factors

This is available for particle phases. For details, see Particle Shape Factors (p. 210 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Particle Diameter Change

This option is available when multiphase reactions have been enabled with particle
tracking. When Particle Diameter Change is enabled choose either Mass Equivalent or
Swelling Model.

Swelling Model
Select a reference material from the list. Enter a Swelling Factor greater than or equal to
zero; a value of zero indicates no swelling, and CEL expressions are permitted. For details,
see Particle Diameter Change due to Swelling (p. 210 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling
Guide").

Heat Transfer If you have set Heat Transfer to Fluid Dependent on the Fluid Models tab, the Heat
Transfer options appear on the fluid-specific tabs for each Eulerian phase. The available
options are similar to in the single-phase case. For details, see Heat Transfer (p. 150). If the
heat transfer occurs between two fluids, then additional information must be entered on
the Fluid Pairs tab.
The Total Energy heat transfer model is not available for multiphase simulations since
high speed compressible multiphase flow is not supported. For details, see Heat Transfer
(p. 8 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide"). Additional information on heat transfer
between phases is available. For details, see Interphase Heat Transfer (p. 171 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Heat Transfer Option: Particle Temperature

When heat transfer is modeled, heat transfer for the particles is enabled by setting this
option to Particle Temperature. For details, see Heat Transfer (p. 210 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Turbulence If you have set Turbulence to Fluid Dependent on the Fluid Models tab, the Turbulence
Model Model option appears on the fluid-specific tabs for each Eulerian phase. The models
available are similar to those available in single-phase simulations, with the following
exceptions:
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For dispersed fluid, or dispersed/polydispersed solid phases, only the Dispersed
Phase Zero Equation, Laminar or Zero Equation models are available. The
Dispersed Phase Zero Equation model is the recommended choice. For details, see
Phase-Dependent Turbulence Models (p. 176 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
The LES and DES models are available for transient simulations for the continuous
phase.
For details, see Turbulence (p. 151).

Turbulent Wall The turbulent wall functions are selected automatically, but apply only to the current fluid.
Functions For details, see Wall Function (p. 152).

Combustion If you have set the reaction or combustion model to Fluid Dependent on the Fluid Models
Model tab, the Reaction or Combustion Model option can appear on the Fluid Details tab for
each Eulerian phase. You will only be able to pick a combustion model for fluids that are
reacting mixtures. The models available are similar to those available in single-phase
simulations.
For details, see Phasic Combustion (p. 285 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
For details, see Reaction or Combustion Model (p. 152).

Erosion Model The erosion properties specified on this form are applied to all wall boundaries. The wall
boundaries can also have erosion properties set to override the global settings specified
here. For details, see Erosion (p. 210 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Fluid Buoyancy This option is available for multiphase buoyant flows and/or buoyant flows that include
Model particles (set on the General Options tab). For details, see Buoyancy in Multiphase Flow
(p. 163 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Solid Pressure This is available for Dispersed Solid Eulerian phases (phases with Dispersed Solid as
Model the Morphology setting). For details, see Solid Pressure Force Model (p. 170 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Component This is available for each Eulerian phase in the simulation that is a mixture of more than one
Details component. It does not apply to fluids or solids using the particle tracking model. The
options available are the same as those on the Fluid Models tab in a single-phase
simulation. For details, see Component Details (p. 154).
If the component transfer occurs between two fluids, then additional information must be
entered on the Fluid Pairs tab. This is only possible when more than one multicomponent
fluid exists in a simulation. For details, see Interphase Species Mass Transfer (p. 186 in
"ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Additional This is available for each Eulerian phase in the simulation when additional variable have
Variable Details been created. It does not apply to fluids or solids using the particle tracking model. The
options available are the same as those on the Fluid Models tab in a single-phase
simulation. For details, see Additional Variable Details (p. 154).

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If the additional variable transfer occurs between two fluids, then additional information
must be entered on the Fluid Pairs tab. This is only possible when more than one phase in
a simulation includes Additional Variables. For details, see Additional Variables in
Multiphase Flow (p. 178 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Fluid Pairs Tab

The Fluid Pairs tab appears for multiphase simulations and/or when particles are included
in the domain. It is used to specify how the fluids interact in a multiphase simulation and
how particles interact with the fluids when particles are included.
For details, see Interphase Radiation Transfer (p. 215 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling
Guide").

List box The top of the Fluid Pairs tab shows a list of all the phase pairs in the simulation. A phase
pair will exist when the morphology of the pair is Continuous Fluid | Continuous Fluid,
Continuous Fluid | Dispersed Fluid or Continuous Fluid | Dispersed Solid. If particles
have also been included, then a pair will exist for each Continuous Fluid | Particle pair. You
should select each pair in turn and set the appropriate options.
The options available will vary considerably depending on your simulation. Many options
are not available when the homogeneous multiphase model is used. This is because the
interphase transfer rates are assumed to be very large for the homogeneous model and do
not require further correlations to model them.

Surface Tension You can optionally provide a Surface Tension Coefficient. This should be set in either of
Coefficient the following two cases:
For a Continuous Fluid | Dispersed Fluid pair when you wish to model the Drag Force
using either the Grace or Ishii Zuber models. The flow must also be Buoyant to allow
these models to be selected. For details, see Interphase Drag for the Particle Model
(p. 165 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
When you wish to use the surface tension model. This model is only available when
Standard has been selected as the Free Surface Model on the Fluid Models tab.

You can set a Surface Tension Coefficient in other cases, but it will not be used in your
simulation. It does not apply to Continuous Fluid | Particle pairs.
For details, see Surface Tension (p. 197 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Surface Tension You can model the surface tension force that exists at a free surface interface. This model
Force Model applies to all morphology combinations for Eulerian | Eulerian pairs. You must also specify a
Surface Tension Coefficient and select the Primary Fluid. For liquid-gas free surface flows,
the primary fluid should be the liquid phase.
For details, see Surface Tension (p. 197 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Interphase This can be selected as one of the following:

Transfer Model

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Particle Model
This model assumes a continuous phase fluid containing particles of a dispersed phase fluid
or solid. It is available when the morphology of the pair is Continuous Fluid | Dispersed
Fluid or Continuous Fluid | Dispersed Solid. For details, see The Particle Model (p. 161 in
"ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Mixture Model
This model is only available when the morphology of the pair is Continuous Fluid |
Continuous Fluid. An Interface Length Scale is required. It is usually used as a first
approximation or combined with a custom interface transfer model. For details, see The
Mixture Model (p. 162 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Free Surface Model

This model is available when the free surface model is selected. For details, see The Free
Surface Model (p. 162 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide"). For free surface flow, the
particle model is also available if the phase pair is Continuous Fluid | Dispersed Fluid, and
the mixture model is also available if the phase pair is Continuous Fluid | Continuous
Fluid.

None
For homogeneous multiphase flow in which there is no interphase transfer of any type, the
interphase transfer model is not relevant and None may be selected.

Particle This only applies to Continuous Fluid | Particle pairs. For details, see Particle Fluid Pair
Coupling Coupling Options (p. 213 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Momentum There are a variety of momentum transfer that can be modeled, including the drag force and
Transfer non-drag forces, which include lift force, virtual mass force, wall lubrication force and
turbulent dispersion force.

Drag Force
This option applies to all morphology pair combinations including Continuous Fluid |
Particle pairs, but does not apply when the Homogeneous multiphase model is active.
There are many drag force models available in ANSYS CFX, but most are only applicable to
certain morphology combinations. For Continuous Fluid | Particle pairs, the options
available are the Schiller-Naumann drag model or Drag Coefficient.
For details, see Interphase Drag (p. 165 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
For details, see Blend Factor (p. 214 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Particle User Source

The Particle User Source check box is available when any User Routines of type Particle
User Routines exist.
For details, see Particle User Routines (p. 129).
For details, see Particle User Sources (p. 217 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

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Lift Force
The lift force is only applicable to the Particle Model, which is active for Continuous Fluid
| Dispersed (Fluid, Solid) and Continuous Fluid | Polydispersed Fluid. For details, see Lift
Force (p. 167 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Virtual Mass Force

This option applies to Continuous Fluid | Dispersed Fluid pairs using the Particle
Model, and to Continuous Fluid | Particle pairs, but does not apply when the
Homogeneous multiphase model is active. For details, see Virtual Mass Force (p. 168 in
"ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Wall Lubrication Force

This option is only applicable to the Particle Model. For details, see Wall Lubrication Force
(p. 168 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Turbulent Dispersion Force

This applies to Continuous Fluid | Dispersed Fluid, Continuous Fluid | Polydispersed
Fluid and Continuous Fluid | Dispersed Solid pair combinations for Eulerian | Eulerian
pairs, but does not apply when the Homogeneous multiphase model is active. In these
cases, the Lopez de Bertodano model is used. For details, see Interphase Turbulent
Dispersion Force (p. 169 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
When particle tracking is used, the turbulent dispersion force also applies to Continuous
Fluid | Particle pairs. In these cases, the Particle Dispersion models is used. For details, see
Turbulent Dispersion Force (p. 214 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Pressure Gradient Force

This option is only available for Particle Tracking simulations. For details, see Pressure
Gradient Force (p. 214 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Turbulence This model is available for Continuous Fluid | Dispersed Fluid, Continuous Fluid |
Transfer Polydispersed Fluid and Continuous Fluid | Dispersed Solid pair combinations for
Eulerian | Eulerian pairs, but does not apply when the Homogeneous multiphase model
is active and is not available for Continuous Fluid | Particle pairs. For details, see
Turbulence Enhancement (p. 177 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Heat Transfer This applies to all morphology combinations for Eulerian | Eulerian and Continuous Fluid
| Particle pairs, but does not apply when the Homogeneous multiphase model is active.
For details, see Interphase Heat Transfer (p. 214 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Mass Transfer Mass transfer can occur in both Homogeneous and inhomogeneous multiphase flow, and
to Continuous Fluid | Particle pairs.
The mass transfer model can be selected as:

Specified Mass Transfer

This is an advanced option that allows you to define your own mass transfer sources. For
details, see User Specified Mass Transfer (p. 180 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

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Phase Change
This models mass transfer due to phase change, such as evaporation, condensation, melting
or solidification. For details, see Thermal Phase Change Model (p. 181 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide").

Cavitation
Vapor formation in low pressure regions of a liquid flow (cavitation) can be modeled using
the Rayleigh Plesset model or, for advanced users, a user defined model. For details, see
Cavitation Model (p. 183 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Additional Additional Variable Pairs details describe the way in which additional variables interact
Variable Pairs between phases. It applies to all morphology combinations for Eulerian | Eulerian pairs,
but does not apply when the Homogeneous multiphase model is active.
Only additional variable pairs where both are solved using the Transport Equation and
have a Kinematic Diffusivity value set can be transferred between phases. These options
are set on the fluid-specific tabs for each phase.
For example, consider two phases, Phase A and Phase B, and two additional variables, AV1
and AV2.
AV1 uses a Transport Equation with diffusion in Phase A and is unused in Phase B.
AV2 uses an Algebraic Equation in Phase A and uses a Transport Equation with
diffusion in Phase B.
Additional variable interphase transfer can only occur between Phase A / AV1 and
Phase B / AV2.

For details, see Additional Variables in Multiphase Flow (p. 178 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide").

Component Eulerian | Eulerian Pairs

Pairs You can model transfer of components between phases for Eulerian | Eulerian pairs, when
both fluids are multicomponent mixtures of any type (except fixed composition mixtures).
Mixtures are created in the Material details view. For example, to create a Variable
Composition Mixture, see Material Details View: Variable Composition Mixture (p. 108).
Component (or species) transfer allows you to model processes such as evaporation,
absorption and dissolution.
To specify the component transfer model, you should select the component pair from the
list on the Fluid Pairs tab and then select the associated toggle. The first component of the
component pair corresponds to the first fluid in the fluid pairs list.
Option can be set to Two Resistance or Ranz Marshall.
For details, see Two Resistance Model (p. 186 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
For details, see Ranz Marshall (p. 215 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
The choice of interfacial equilibrium model depends on the process that you are modeling.
For details, see Interfacial Equilibrium Models (p. 187 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling
Guide").

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The Fluid1 and Fluid2 Species Mass Transfer options are used to choose a correlation
to model the mass transfer coefficient on each side on the interface. For details, see Species
Mass Transfer Coefficients (p. 188 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Continuous | Particle Pairs

Selecting the toggle enables mass transfer between the two phases.
The options for mass transfer are:
Ranz Marshall. For details, see Ranz Marshall (p. 215 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling
Guide").
Liquid Evaporation Model. For details, see Liquid Evaporation Model (p. 215 in
"ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide"). For oil evaporation, the Light Oil check box
should be selected. For details, see Liquid Evaporation Model: Oil
Evaporation/Combustion (p. 216 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
None
For details, see Latent Heat (p. 217 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
For details, see Particle User Source (p. 214 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide"). The
drop-down list will contain any User Particle Routines you have created. For details, see
Particle User Routines (p. 129).
Mass transfer between a species in a particle phase and a species in the continuous phase is
possible. For example, consider liquid water from a particle evaporating into gaseous H20
in a continuous phase mixture. The particle can be a pure substance or variable composition
mixture.

Particle Breakup The Particle Breakup models allow the user to simulate the breakup of droplets due to
external aerodynamic forces. The droplet breakup models are set on a per fluid-pair basis.
See Spray Breakup Models (p. 208 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Theory Guide") for details on the
available particle breakup models.

Solid Models Tab

The Solid Models tab sets the models that apply to solid domains. The models chosen can
vary between each solid domain, but if radiation is modeled, then all fluid domains must
also model radiation. For details, see Using Multiple Domains (p. 145).

Heat Transfer You must model heat transfer in a solid domain and the Thermal Energy model is the only
appropriate model. If you do not want to model heat transfer, then the region should not
form part of the simulation (i.e., do not assign this mesh region to any domain).
For details, see Conjugate Heat Transfer (p. 9 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Thermal You can only use the Monte Carlo option to model radiation in a solid domain. The options
Radiation Model available are the same as for the Monte Carlo model in a fluid domain. For details, see
Thermal Radiation Model (p. 153).

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 Domains: User Interface

Particle Injection Regions Tab

Injection regions are used to define locators anywhere within a domain, and can be set up
as spheres, cones, or using a custom Fortran subroutine. For details, see Particle Injection
Regions (p. 229 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Particle This list box is used to select Particle Injection Regions for editing or deletion. Particle
Injection Injection Regions can be created or deleted with the icons that appear beside the list box.
Regions List Box

[particle This list box is used to select a particle material in order to apply it to the injection region and
injection region define its properties for the injection region.
name]: Fluid:
List Box

[fluid name] This check box determines whether or not the particle is to be injected over the selected
Check Box injection region.

Injection Method
For details, see Cone (p. 229 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
For details, see Cone with Primary Breakup (p. 230 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling
Guide").
For details, see Sphere (p. 229 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
For details, see User Defined (p. 230 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
For multicomponent particles, specify the mass fraction of each.
Other quantities are optional and are the same. For details, see Fluid Values for Inlets and
Openings (p. 183).

Initialization Tab
Initialization can be set on a domain or global basis. The available options are the same. For
details, see Initialization (p. 197).
The Initialization tab for the domain sets domain initial conditions. These will override any
settings made in the Global Initialization details view. Any domain for which initialization
is not set will use the global initial conditions.

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Sub Domains

Introduction
The topic(s) in this section include:
Creating New Subdomains (p. 166)
The Subdomains Tab (p. 166)
Basic Settings Tab (p. 166)
Sources Tab (p. 167)
Fluids Tab (p. 169)
Mesh Motion (p. 170)

A subdomain is a 3D region within a predefined domain that can be used to specify values
for volumetric sources. Fluid or porous subdomains (i.e., when the parent domain is of type
Fluid) allow sources of energy, mass, momentum, radiation, additional variables,
components, and turbulence to be specified. Solid subdomains allow only sources of
energy and radiation to be set.
A domain must be created before a subdomain can be created. The location of a subdomain
must be a 3D region that is part of a single parent domain. 3D primitives are implicitly
included in a parent domain if 3D composites or assemblies are used in the domain location.
A subdomain cannot span more than one domain, but you can create many subdomains in
each domain. You should consider subdomain requirements when you generate a mesh,
since subdomains must be created on existing 3D regions. Definitions for primitive and
composite regions are available. For details, see Mesh Topology in ANSYS CFX-Pre (p. 82).
Additional information on the physical interpretation of subdomain sources and modeling
advice is available, as well as additional information on the mathematical implementation
of sources. For details, see Sources (p. 25 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
The CFX Expression Language (CEL) can be used to define sources by creating functions of
any ANSYS CFX System Variables. For details, see CEL Variables, Functions and Constants
(p. 4 in "ANSYS CFX Reference Guide").

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Sub Domains: Creating New Subdomains

Creating New Subdomains

New subdomains are created by selecting Insert > Sub Domain from the main menu or by

clicking Subdomain on the main toolbar.

1. Enter a new name using the syntax described below or pick an existing subdomain to
edit.
2. Select the parent domain for the subdomain.
Additional information on valid names is available. For details, see Valid Syntax for Named
Objects (p. 15). You can also edit an existing sub domain by selecting its name from the drop
down list. Existing sub domains may also be edited from the tree view using the usual
methods. For details, see Outline Tree View (p. 11).

The Subdomains Tab

After entering a name for the subdomain, or selecting the subdomain to edit, the
subdomain details view will be displayed. This contains two tabs, Basic Settings and
Sources, that are accessed by selecting the tabs located across the top. You should
complete each tab in turn, proceeding from left to right.

Note: Fluid sources are on their own tab.

Basic Settings: Sets the location and the coordinate frame for the subdomain. For
details, see Basic Settings Tab (p. 166).
Sources: Defines volumetric source terms in the subdomain for single-phase
simulations, or volumetric source terms that apply to all fluids in a multiphase
simulation. For details, see Sources Tab (p. 167).
Fluid Sources: Defines volumetric source terms that apply to individual fluid in a
multiphase simulation.

Basic Settings Tab

The following settings are required on the Basic Settings tab.
Location (p. 166)
Coord Frame (p. 167)

Location
Select the region name that the subdomain will occupy. The location can be defined as
multiple regions, assemblies and/or user 3D Regions. For details, see Mesh Topology in
ANSYS CFX-Pre (p. 82).

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 Sub Domains: Sources Tab

Coord Frame
By default, Coord Frame is set to Coord 0. You may use alternative coordinate frames. To
create a new coordinate frame, select Insert > Coordinate Frame from the main menu.
For details, see Coordinate Frames (p. 135).
For details, see Coordinate Frames (p. 22 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Sources Tab
The volumetric sources that can be set in a subdomain depend on the physical models used
in the simulation. Sources of mass (continuity), momentum, energy, radiation, Additional
Variables, component mass fractions and turbulence are all possible.

Single-Phase Fluid Sources

In a single-phase simulation, the volumetric or total source terms are set on the Sources tab.
For details, see Sources (p. 25 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
1. Select the Sources check box to specify sources for the subdomain.
2. Select the Momentum Source/Porous Loss check box to specify a momentum source.
For details, see Momentum Source/Porous Loss (p. 167).
3. Select the equation source to specify.
Equation sources include other sources such as mass fraction, energy, continuity (mass),
turbulence, additional variables, etc.
For details, see Equation Sources (p. 168).
For details, see Source Coefficient / Total Source Coefficient (p. 26 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Momentum A source of momentum is introduced by setting X, Y and Z, or r, Theta and Axial components
Source/Porous for the momentum source under General Momentum Source. All three components must
Loss
be set if a general momentum source is defined. You can optionally specify a Momentum
Source Coefficient to aid convergence. When employing a cylindrical coordinate frame,
you must specify an axis using a rotation axis or two points. For details, see Coordinate
Frames (p. 135). For details, see Coordinate Frames (p. 22 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling
Guide").
In addition to specifying a general source of momentum, you can model porous loss in a
flow using an isotropic or directional loss model. In each case, the loss is specified using
either linear and quadratic coefficients, or permeability and loss coefficients. For the
Directional Loss model, the loss in the transverse direction can be set using the Loss
Coefficient, which multiplies the streamwise loss by the entered factor. When using the
Directional Loss model, you must supply a streamwise direction. The direction can be
specified with Cartesian or cylindrical coordinates. If you choose cylindrical coordinates,
specify the axis using a rotation axis or two points.
For details, see Isotropic Loss Model (p. 27 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

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Sub Domains: Sources Tab
For details, see Directional Loss Model (p. 27 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Equation Equation Sources introduces source terms to a particular scalar equation.

Sources
Component Mass Fractions
This will introduce a source of a particular component. A Source per unit volume or a Total
Source can be used. The optional Source Coefficient or Total Source Coefficient provides
improved convergence for strongly varying sources. For details, see General Sources (p. 26
in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
1. In the Option and Source fields, set a component source term for a mixture.
This can be an expression or value for the total source or the source per unit volume. For
details, see General Sources (p. 26 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
2. Set an optional Total Source / Source Coefficient.
For details, see Source Coefficient / Total Source Coefficient (p. 26 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide").

Additional Variables
A source for an Additional Variable can only be set if it is included in the parent domain and
solved for using a transport equation. (Poisson and Diffusive transports can also have
sources.) A Source per unit volume or a Total Source can be used. The optional Source
Coefficient or Total Source Coefficient provides improved convergence for strongly
varying sources. For details, see General Sources (p. 26 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling
Guide").
1. In the Option and Source fields, set an Additional Variable Source term.
For details, see General Sources (p. 26 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
2. Set an optional Total Source / Source Coefficient.
For details, see Source Coefficient / Total Source Coefficient (p. 26 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide").

Continuity
Continuity sources differ from other sources because you are introducing new fluid into
the domain. Properties of the fluid entering the domain are required and appear in the
Variables frame under the Continuity section. These values are not used if the source is
negative, since no new fluid is introduced into the subdomain. For details, see Mass
(Continuity) Sources (p. 28 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
1. Continuity > Source. Set a mass source value for the continuity equation.
Additional modeling advice is available. For details, see Mass (Continuity) Sources (p. 28
in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
2. Set the variable values for the fluid that is introduced into the domain.
The options available on this section depend on the physical models used in the
simulation. If the continuity source is negative, then these parameters are irrelevant
since no new fluid is introduced into the subdomain.
3. Continuity > Option: Set the Fluid Mass Sources per unit volume or the Total
Fluid Mass Source.
For details, see Mass (Continuity) Sources (p. 28 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

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 Sub Domains: Fluids Tab
4. Additional Variables: Set a value for any additional variables that are introduced with
the mass source.
5. Component Mass Fractions: Set the mass fraction for each of the components in the
mass source.
6. Temperature: Enter the temperature for the mass source.
7. Velocity: Set velocity components for the mass source.
Eddy Dissipation and Turbulence Intensity: Enter the turbulence parameters for the
mass source.

Eddy Dissipation and Turbulence Intensity

When the flow is turbulent, sources for the Eddy Dissipation and Turbulence
Intensity can be specified. A Source per unit volume or a Total Source can be used. The
optional Source Coefficient or Total Source Coefficient provides improved convergence
for strongly varying sources. For details, see General Sources (p. 26 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide").

Energy
An Energy source can be specified when the parent domain models heat transfer using the
Thermal Energy or Total Energy models. A Source per unit volume or a Total Source can
be used. The optional Source Coefficient or Total Source Coefficient provides improved
convergence for strongly varying sources. For details, see General Sources (p. 26 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Bulk Sources for Multiphase Simulations

In a multiphase simulation, source terms that apply to all fluid in the simulation are set on
the Sources tab. Bulk sources take account of the volume fraction of each phase when
applying the source term. For details, see Bulk Sources (p. 180 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide").
1. Select the Bulk Sources check box to specify bulk sources.
2. Sources are set in the same way as for single phase simulations. For details, see
Single-Phase Fluid Sources (p. 167).

Fluids Tab
Fluid sources are used in an Eulerian multiphase simulation to apply volumetric source
terms to individual fluids, and in particle transport to model absorption of particles in the
subdomain. For details, see Particle Absorption (p. 170).
1. Select a fluid from the Fluid list to set fluid-specific sources.
2. Toggle on the checkbox next to the fluid to expand the options.
3. Sources are set in the same way as for single phase simulations. For details, see
Single-Phase Fluid Sources (p. 167).

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Sub Domains: Mesh Motion
It is important to note that these source terms are not automatically multiplied by the fluid
volume fraction (i.e., do not automatically reduce to zero as the volume fraction goes to
zero). For details, see Fluid-Specific Sources (p. 180 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Particle Absorption
This setting is available when particle tracking is modeled. For details, see Subdomains
(p. 229 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
1. Select a particle type to activate particle absorption.
2. Set the absorption diameter to the desired value.

Mesh Motion
When mesh deformation is selected for the domain that contains a subdomain (See Mesh
Deformation (p. 149) for information about activating mesh deformation for the domain.)
the Mesh Motion tab is available for the subdomain.
The available options are:
Unspecified
Stationary
Specified Displacement
Specified Location

For details, see Mesh Deformation (p. 4 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

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Source Points

Introduction
The topic(s) in this section include:
Basic Settings Tab (p. 171)
Sources Tab (p. 172)
Fluid Sources Tab (p. 173)
Sources in Solid Domains (p. 174)
Source Points and Mesh Deformation (p. 174)

Source points are sources that act on a single mesh element. The location of the point is
entered in Cartesian coordinates, and the source is created for the element whose center is
closest to the specified point. Source points appear as red spheres in the Viewer. For a
transient run or run with a moving mesh, the closest element is identified once at the start
and used for the remainder of the run.
Sources are specified in a similar way to subdomain sources with the exception that
momentum and radiation sources cannot be specified, and only Total Source values can
be entered. For details, see Sub Domains (p. 165).
The visibility of source points can be turned on and off using the check box in the tree view.
For details, see Object Visibility (p. 47) and Outline Tree View (p. 11).
Additional information on sources is available. For details, see Sources (p. 25 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Basic Settings Tab

The Basic Settings tab defines the coordinate frame and the point coordinates for the
source point.
1. Enter Cartesian Coordinates for the source point.
Points entered are relative to the selected coordinate frame.
2. Use the default coordinate frame or a user-specified coordinate frame.

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Source Points: Sources Tab
For details, see Coordinate Frames (p. 22 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
For details, see Coordinate Frame Basic Settings Tab (p. 136).
The default coordinate frame Coord 0 will be used as the basis for the entered Cartesian
coordinates, unless you have created your own coordinate frame and have selected it from
the drop-down list.

Sources Tab
The point sources that can be set depend on the physical models used in the simulation.
Sources of mass (continuity), energy, radiation, additional variables, component mass
fractions and turbulence are all possible.

Single-Phase Fluid Sources

1. Select the Sources check box to specify sources for the point.
2. Select the equation source to specify.
Equation sources include other sources such as mass fraction, energy, continuity (mass),
turbulence, additional variables, etc.
For details, see Source Coefficient / Total Source Coefficient (p. 26 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
3. Select the Continuity check box to set sources for the continuity equation.
For details, see Mass (Continuity) Sources (p. 28 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Additional information is available.
For details, see Sources (p. 25 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
For details, see General Sources (p. 26 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Component This is only available when mixtures are included in the fluids list in the domain. You can
Mass Fractions specify a Total Source and an optional Total Source Coefficient for improved
convergence for strongly varying sources. For details, see General Sources (p. 26 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Additional Set the Total Source for the additional variable and an optional Total Source Coefficient.
Variables A source for an additional variable can only be set if it is solved for.

Continuity Continuity sources differ from other sources because you are introducing new fluid into
the domain. Properties that are required of the fluid, which is entering the domain, appear
in the Variables section of the form. These values are not used if the source is negative,
since no new fluid is introduced into the subdomain. For details, see Mass (Continuity)
Sources (p. 28 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Continuity Option
The value of the mass source is set using the Total Fluid Mass Source option. For details,
see Mass (Continuity) Sources (p. 28 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

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 Source Points: Fluid Sources Tab
Additional Variables
Set a value for any Additional Variables that are introduced with the mass source. For details,
see Mass (Continuity) Sources (p. 28 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Component Mass Fractions

Enter mass fractions of each of the components in the mass source. For details, see Mass
(Continuity) Sources (p. 28 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Temperature
Enter the temperature for the mass source.

Velocity
Set velocity components for the mass source.

Energy A total source for the energy equation can be set. The optional Total Source Coefficient
provides improved convergence for strongly varying sources. An energy source can set
specified when the parent domain models heat transfer using the thermal energy or total
energy models.

Turbulence When the flow is turbulent, a total source for the Turbulence Eddy Dissipation or
Eddy Turbulence Kinetic Energy can specified. The optional Total Source Coefficient
Dissipation or
provides improved convergence for strongly varying sources. For details, see General
Turbulence
Kinetic Energy Sources (p. 26 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Multiphase Bulk Sources

In a multiphase simulation, source terms that apply to all fluids in the simulation are set on
the Sources tab. Bulk sources take account of the volume fraction of each phase when
applying the source term. For details, see Bulk Sources (p. 180 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide").
Select Bulk Sources to specify bulk sources. Bulk sources apply to all fluids in a
multiphase simulation. For details, see Bulk Sources (p. 180 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide").

Fluid Sources Tab

Fluid sources can be set when more than one fluid is selected. The options depend on the
type of simulation you are running, and whether bulk sources are used.
1. Select the fluid from the Fluid Specific Source Point Sources list
2. Select the check box next to the selected variable to enter a source, then select the
Continuity check box.
3. Enter a value for Total Source.
4. Optionally, enter a total mass source coefficient for either pressure or volume fraction.
For details, see Source Coefficient / Total Source Coefficient (p. 26 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide").
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Source Points: Sources in Solid Domains
5. Set the values for the continuity equation.
For details, see Mass (Continuity) Sources (p. 28 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Sources in Solid Domains

Source points can exist in solid domains to provide sources of thermal energy and radiation.
1. Select Energy to enable an energy source.
For details, see General Sources (p. 26 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Source Points and Mesh Deformation

When mesh deformation is enabled, the volume element whose centroid is closest to the
source point at the beginning of the simulation will move with the mesh (if that part of the
mesh is deforming). The location of the point source will, therefore, move as the mesh
deforms. For details, see Mesh Deformation (p. 149).

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Boundary Conditions

Introduction
This chapter describes:
Actions (p. 176)
Defaults (p. 176)
Basic Settings Tab (p. 177)
Boundary Details Tab (p. 179)
Fluid Values Tab (p. 182)
Sources Tab (p. 186)
Plot Options (p. 186)
Interface Boundary Conditions (p. 187)
Symmetry Boundary Conditions (p. 187)
Working with Boundary Conditions (p. 187)

Boundary conditions must be applied to all the bounding regions of your domain(s).
Boundary conditions can be inlets, outlets, openings, walls and symmetry planes.
Unspecified external regions are automatically assigned a no-slip, adiabatic wall boundary
condition. Such regions assume the name <Domain> Default, where <Domain>
corresponds to the name of the domain. Unspecified internal boundaries are ignored.
Boundary conditions can be applied to any bounding surface of a 3D primitive that is
included in a domain (i.e., including internal surfaces). If you choose to specify a boundary
condition on an internal surface (e.g., to create a thin surface), then a boundary condition
must be applied to both sides of the surface.
Boundary conditions can be accessed within the domain objects in the tree view under
Simulation.

Additional information on boundary conditions is available:

The Purpose of Boundary Conditions (p. 48 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide")
Available Boundary Conditions (p. 48 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide")
Using Boundary Conditions (p. 49 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide")

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Boundary Conditions: Actions

Actions
Right-clicking on a boundary condition in the tree view (see Outline Tree View (p. 11)) gives
a list of actions to select from.

Action Description
Copy and Paste Replicates boundaries. Boundaries should be pasted onto domain
objects. For details, see Copy (p. 12) and Paste (p. 13).
Edit Modifies a boundary condition using the details view.
Edit in Command Editor Opens the Command Editor dialog box with the CCL definition for
the boundary condition displayed and editable.
Delete Removes a boundary condition.
Duplicate Copies a boundary condition.
Rename Changes the selected objects name.
Render This option allows you to control rendering and coloring of faces and
lines, and allows you to toggle the visibility of a boundary condition in
the viewer.

For details on other shortcut menu commands, see Outline Tree View Shortcut Menu
Commands (p. 12).

Defaults
You should be familiar with the concept of primitive and composite regions before reading
this section. For details, see Mesh Topology in ANSYS CFX-Pre (p. 82).
When a domain is created, all of the bounding 2D regions, which are not used elsewhere,
are assigned to a default boundary condition that is created automatically. These regions
can be considered as the boundary between the current domain and the rest of the 'world.'
The boundary that is generated is given the name <Domain name> Default. When 2D
primitives (or composites that reference them) are assigned to other boundary conditions
and domain interfaces, they are removed from the <Domain name> Default boundary
condition. The default boundary condition is a no-slip adiabatic wall, but this can be edited
like any other boundary condition. Solid-world 2D primitives behave in a similar way.

Fluid-Solid Regions
Fluid-solid regions are also initially contained in the <Domain Name> Default boundary
condition. When a solver (definition) file is written, or a user defined domain interface is
created, any fluid-solid regions referenced by this interface are removed from the default
boundary.
If every region is assigned to another boundary condition, the <Domain Name> Default
boundary object will cease to exist. In such a case, if a boundary condition is subsequently
deleted, the <Domain name> Default wall boundary will be re-created for the unspecified
region. Since the <Domain name> Default wall boundary condition is controlled
automatically, you should never need to explicitly edit its Location list.

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 Boundary Conditions: Basic Settings Tab

Internal 2D Regions
Any 2D regions that lie within a domain are ignored unless a boundary condition is explicitly
assigned (these are teated as thin surfaces). Each side of a fluid-fluid 2D primitive can have
a different boundary condition, but most often both sides will be a wall. Thin surfaces are
created by assigning a wall boundary condition to each side of a fluid-fluid 2D region. You
can specify thin surfaces in ANSYS CFX-Pre by specifying one side of each thin surface and
selecting the toggle on the Basic Settings tab for wall boundary conditions. For details, see
Create Thin Surface Partner (p. 178).

Basic Settings Tab

This tab sets the type, location, coordinate frame, and frame type (stationary or rotating) for
each boundary condition as detailed in the following sections:
Boundary Type (p. 177)
Location (p. 177)
Coord Frame (p. 178)
Frame Type (p. 178)
Create Thin Surface Partner (p. 178)
Profile Boundary Conditions (p. 178)

Boundary Type
Inlet, outlet, opening, wall and symmetry boundary conditions can be selected. Interface
boundaries can be edited, but not created. For details, see Available Boundary Conditions
(p. 48 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Location
You can choose the location of a boundary condition from a list containing all 2D composite
and primitive regions. For details, refer to the following sections:
Mesh Topology in ANSYS CFX-Pre (p. 82)
Boundary Condition and Domain Interface Locations (p. 84)
The drop-down list contains commonly used regions (all composite names and primitive
names that are not referenced by any composites) and the extended list (displayed when
clicking the ellipsis icon) contains all regions in a domain.
Tip: Hold the <Ctrl> key as you click to select multiple regions.
Tip: With the Location drop-down list active, you may select regions by clicking them in
the viewer with the mouse. This will display a small box containing the names of the
available regions for selection.

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Boundary Conditions: Basic Settings Tab

Coord Frame
Coordinate frames are used to determine the principal reference directions of specified and
solved vector quantities in your domain, and for specifying reference directions when
creating boundary conditions or setting initial values. By default, ANSYS CFX-Pre uses
Coord 0 as the reference coordinate frame for all specifications in the model, but this can
be changed to any valid ANSYS CFX-Pre coordinate frame. For details, see Coordinate
Frames (p. 135). For details, see Coordinate Frames (p. 22 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling
Guide").

Frame Type
ANSYS CFX-Pre treats boundary conditions differently when a rotating frame of reference
has been specified for the domain. Under these circumstances, the option to set Frame
Type to Rotating or Stationary appears on the Basic Settings tab.
The term rotating frame is the rotating frame of reference itself. Selecting Rotating sets all
values relative to the rotating frame. An inlet boundary condition prescribed using
Rotating rotates about the same axis as the domain. For details, refer to the following
sections:
Cartesian Velocity Components (p. 55 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide")
Cylindrical Velocity Components (p. 55)

Create Thin Surface Partner

Wall boundary conditions have an additional check box called Create Thin Surface Partner
which, when selected, attempts to create an identical boundary condition on the other side
of the specified region. This is useful for modeling very thin surfaces, such as baffles.
To edit the thin surface partners, select one side of each thin surface boundary in the
Location list. These boundaries can be edited in order to apply slightly different physical
boundary conditions to either side of the region.
Tip: After creation, these boundaries can be edited in order to apply slightly different
physical boundary conditions to either side of the region.

Profile Boundary Conditions

This option is only available if profile data is loaded.

Use Profile Data Select Use Profile Data to define this boundary condition using an external profile data file,
rather than using a value or expression. In order to do this, it is necessary to load the profile
data file in to ANSYS CFX-Pre.

Initializing Profile Data

1. Select Tools > Initialize Profile Data.
The Initialize Profile Data dialog box appears
2. Click Browse.
3. Select the file containing your profile data.

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 Boundary Conditions: Boundary Details Tab
4. Click Open.
5. Click OK.
Under the library section of the object tree, a new User Function object is generated for
this profile function.

Profile Boundary Setup

Choose from the list of profile names and click Generate Values to apply.

Boundary Details Tab

Boundary value settings depend on characteristics of the flow. For instance, temperature is
only required at a boundary if heat transfer is being modeled.
If you are changing the characteristics of the flow, ensure that boundary conditions are
correctly updated. In most cases, ANSYS CFX-Pre alerts you of the need to update settings
in the form of physics validation errors. For details, see Physics Checking (p. 15).
Example:
Suppose a domain is created, isothermal flow is specified and an inlet boundary condition
set. If flow characteristics are then altered to include heat transfer, the inlet specification
must be changed to include the temperature of the fluid at that location.
More information on some of the settings is available:
Mass and Momentum (p. 55 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide")
Flow Direction (p. 56 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide")
Turbulence (p. 57 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide")
Heat Transfer (p. 59 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide")
Mesh Deformation (p. 4 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide")
Various settings are available on the Boundary Details tab, depending on the type of
boundary condition:
Boundary Details: Inlet (p. 179)
Boundary Details: Outlet (p. 180)
Boundary Details: Opening (p. 180)
Boundary Details: Wall (p. 181)
Heat Transfer: Wall (p. 181)
Thermal Radiation: Wall (p. 181)
Mesh Motion (p. 181)
Additional Coupling Sent Data (p. 181)

Boundary Details: Inlet

Flow Regime: Option can be set to one of Subsonic, Supersonic, or Mixed. For details, refer to the
Inlet following sections:
Inlet (subsonic) (p. 55 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide")

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Boundary Conditions: Boundary Details Tab
Inlet (Supersonic) (p. 60 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide")
Inlet (Mixed Subsonic-Supersonic) (p. 61 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide")

Boundary Details: Outlet

Flow Regime: First, specify the flow regime option. For details, refer to the following sections:
Outlet
Outlet (subsonic) (p. 51 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Theory Guide")
Outlet (supersonic) (p. 54 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Theory Guide")

Mass and For details, see Mass and Momentum (p. 62 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Momentum:
Outlet

Pressure This option appears when Average Static Pressure is selected under Mass and
Averaging: Momentum. For details, see Average Static Pressure (p. 63 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling
Outlet
Guide").

Thermal For details, see Thermal Radiation (p. 59 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Radiation:
Outlet

Boundary Details: Opening

Mass and For details, see Mass and Momentum (p. 67 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Momentum:
Opening

Flow Direction: This option appears when a flow direction is required; i.e., when one of Opening Pres. and
Opening Dirn or Static Pres. and Dirn is selected under Mass and Momentum. For details, see
Flow Direction (p. 56 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Loss Coefficient: For details, see Loss Coefficient (p. 68 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Opening

Turbulence: For details, see Turbulence (p. 69 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Opening

Heat Transfer: For details, see Heat Transfer (p. 69 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Opening

Thermal This is the same as specifying thermal radiation at an inlet. For details, see Thermal Radiation
Radiation: (p. 59 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Opening

Component The Component Details section appears when a variable composition/reacting mixture
Details: has been created for a single phase simulation, or a simulation with one continuous phase
Opening
and particle tracking.

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 Boundary Conditions: Boundary Details Tab
The mass fractions must sum to unity on all boundaries. With this in mind, highlight the
materials you wish to modify and enter the mass fraction. To enter an expression for the

mass fraction, click Enter Expression and enter the name of your expression.

Boundary Details: Wall

Wall Influence Option can be set to one of No Slip, Free Slip, or Fluid Dependant. For details, see Wall
On Flow Influence on Flow (p. 70 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Wall Velocity
If Wall Velocity > Option is set to Cartesian Components, you must specify the velocity in
the X, Y, and Z-axis directions. Similarly, if Cylindrical Components is chosen, then values
are required for Axial Component, Radial Component, and Theta Component.
Specifying a Rotating Wall requires an angular velocity and an axis definition.

Axis Definition
If you select Coordinate Axis, a Rotation Axis is required. The Two Points method
requires a pair of coordinate values specified as Rotation Axis From and Rotation Axis To.

Wall Roughness For details, see Wall Roughness (p. 72 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Heat Transfer: For details, see Wall Heat Transfer (p. 72 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Wall

Thermal For details, see Thermal Radiation (p. 75 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Radiation: Wall

Mesh Motion For details, see Mesh Motion (p. 76 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Additional This setting is available for ANSYS Multi-field runs. For details, see Additional Coupling Sent
Coupling Sent Data (p. 341 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide")..
Data

Boundary Details: Interfaces

The options for Mass and Momentum and Turbulence are set to Conservative
Interface Flux by default. For an important note on this setting, please refer to
Conservative Interface Flux (p. 7 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
For details on Nonoverlap Conditions, refer to the ANSYS CFX-Pre .ccl files provided
with the installation.

Mesh Motion
When mesh deformation is selected for the domain that contains a boundary condition (See
Mesh Deformation (p. 149) for information about activating mesh deformation for the
domain.) mesh motion can be specified for the boundary on the Boundary Details tab.
The available options are:
Unspecified

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Boundary Conditions: Fluid Values Tab
Stationary
Specified Displacement
Specified Location
Conservative Interface Flux
ANSYS MultiField
For details, see Mesh Deformation (p. 4 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Fluid Values Tab

The Fluid Values tab for a boundary condition object is used to set boundary conditions for
each fluid in an Eulerian multiphase simulation and each particle material when particle
tracking is modeled.
The Boundary Conditions list box contains the materials of the fluid passing through the
boundary condition. Selecting a material from the list will create a frame with the name of
the material and properties available to edit. These properties are detailed in the following
sections.

Fluid Values: Turbulence

Turbulence > Option may be set to any one of the following values. Unless otherwise
specified, no further turbulence settings must be changed:
Low (Intensity = 1%)
Medium (Intensity = 5%)
High (Intensity = 10%)
Intensity and Length Scale
For details, see Intensity and Length Scale (p. 182).
Intensity and Eddy Viscosity Ratio
For details, see Intensity and Eddy Viscosity Ratio (p. 182).
k and Epsilon
For details, see k and Epsilon (p. 182).
Default Intensity and Autocompute Length Scale
Intensity and Autocompute Length
For details, see Intensity and Auto Compute Length (p. 183).
Zero Gradient

Intensity and Enter a numeric value or an expression for Value, and specify a value for the eddy length
Length Scale scale.

Intensity and Enter a numeric value or an expression for Value, and specify a value for the eddy viscosity
Eddy Viscosity ratio.
Ratio

k and Epsilon Specify a turbulent kinetic energy value and a turbulent eddy dissipation value.

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 Boundary Conditions: Fluid Values Tab
Intensity and Enter a numeric value or an expression for Value.
Auto Compute
Length

Fluid Values: Volume Fraction

Volume Fraction > Option may be set to either Value or Zero Gradient. If set to Value,
the user may enter a numeric value or an expression for the volume fraction.

Fluid Values: Heat Transfer

If Option is set to Static Temperature, the user must specify a value for the static
temperature.
If Option is set to ANSYS MultiField, then only the data to Receive from ANSYS may be
specified. While data can be received from ANSYS on a fluid specific basis, data can not be
sent to ANSYS on that basis (i.e. multiple CFX values sent to the same receiving value in
ANSYS). To send data to ANSYS, create an Additional Coupling Sent Data object on the
Boundary Details tab. For details, see Additional Coupling Sent Data (p. 341 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Fluid Values: Volume Fraction

The user must specify the volume fraction for each material.

Note: The total volume fractions of the materials in the list box must equal 1.

Fluid Values for Inlets and Openings

Multiphase 1. Set the fluid velocity on the Boundary Details tab.
2. Select from the following:
Normal Speed
Cartesian Velocity Components
Mass Flow Rate
For details, see Mass and Momentum (p. 55 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
3. Set the static pressure on the Boundary Details tab.
4. Select from the following:
Normal to Boundary
Directional Components
For details, see Mass and Momentum (p. 55 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
5. Set turbulence quantities at the inlet boundary (if applicable).
For details, see Turbulence (p. 57 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
6. Set the inlet temperature of each phase (if applicable).
For details, see Heat Transfer (p. 59 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
7. Enter the volume fraction of the selected fluid at the inlet.
The total volume fraction summed over all the fluids must be equal to 1.

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Boundary Conditions: Fluid Values Tab
8. If one of the fluids is a variable composition mixture, specify the mass fractions of each
of the components.
For details, see Component Details: Opening (p. 180).

MUSIG settings When the fluid selected in the list box at the top of the Fluid Values tab has a morphology
of Polydispersed Fluid, size fractions must be specified for each of the size groups. The
size fractions may be set to Value or Automatic. All size fractions set to Automatic are
calculated to have the same value such that the overall sum of size fractions (including those
that are specified by value) is unity. If all size fractions are set to Value, you must ensure that
the specified size fractions sum to unity.

Particle Phase List

Tracking 1. Select the phase to set properties for.
Settings
Particle Behavior
1. Optionally, specify particle properties at the boundary.
When this check box is disabled, particles do not enter through this boundary.

Mass and Momentum

For details, see Mass and Momentum (p. 221 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Particle Position
For details, see Particle Position (p. 221 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Particle Locations
For details, see Particle Locations (p. 224 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Number of Positions
Select from Direct Separation or Proportional to Mass Flow Rate.

Particle Mass Flow

For details, see Particle Mass Flow Rate (p. 224 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Particle Diameter Distribution

For details, see Particle Diameter Distribution (p. 207 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling
Guide").

Heat Transfer
Available when heat transfer is enabled. For details, see Heat Transfer (p. 224 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Component Details
Available when the particle phase has been set up as a variable composition mixture. For
details, see Component Details (p. 224 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

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 Boundary Conditions: Fluid Values Tab

Fluid Values for Outlets

If you are using the inhomogeneous multiphase model and have selected the Fluid
Velocity option on the Boundary Details tab, the fluid-specific velocity information is set
on the tab shown below at an outlet boundary.
Specify the Mass and Momentum as:
Normal Speed
Cartesian Velocity Components
Cylindrical Velocity Components
Mass Flow Rate
For details, see Mass and Momentum (p. 62 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Fluid Values for Walls

Additional information on modeling particle transport is available. For details, see Particle
Transport Modeling (p. 203 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
1. Select the fluid to set properties for.
2. Set the way in which the wall influences the flow.
For details, see Wall Influence on Flow (p. 70 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
3. Set a Heat Transfer option.
For details, see Wall Heat Transfer (p. 72 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
4. Where Additional Variables are modeled, set an option for treatment of each one at the
wall.
For details, see Additional Variables (p. 75 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Particle The particle behaviour at a wall can be controlled as follows:

Tracking
Specification of the wall normal and wall parallel restitution coefficients
Settings
For details, see Fluid Values - Restitution Coefficients for Particles (p. 225 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
You can specify a minimum impact angle
Below this impact angle, particles will be stopped with the fate "Sliding along walls".
You can specify an erosion model
For details, see Erosion Model (p. 226 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
You can specify the amount of mass that is absorbed at a wall
For details, see Mass Flow Absorption (p. 226 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
This option is available when a Particle User Routine has been created. For details, refer to
the following sections:
Particle User Routines (p. 129)
Wall Interaction (p. 226 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide")
As well as setting properties for the erosion model, restitution coefficient and mass flow
absorption, particles can also be introduced on wall boundaries by enabling Define Particle
Behavior.
For details, see Fluid Values for Inlets and Openings (p. 183).

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Boundary Conditions: Sources Tab

Fluid Values for Interfaces

Fluid-Solid The Fluid Values tab is available on the fluid side of a fluid-solid interface for an
Interface, Fluid inhomogeneous multiphase setup.
Side
When you are using the inhomogeneous multiphase model, you must use a no-slip wall, but
alternatively, you can set a wall velocity. For details, see Wall Influence on Flow (p. 70 in
"ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
When particle transport is enabled, additional settings are available. These contain the same
options as those that appear for wall boundaries. For details, refer to the following sections:
Fluid Values - Restitution Coefficients for Particles (p. 225 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide")
Erosion Model (p. 226 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide")
Mass Flow Absorption (p. 226 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide")
Particles are introduced into the domain from this boundary. For details, see Fluid Values for
Inlets and Openings (p. 183).

Fluid-Fluid and For periodic and fluid-fluid interfaces, Conservative Interface Flux is the only available
Periodic option for all quantities and cannot be changed.
Interfaces

Sources Tab
Boundary sources of mass(continuity), energy, radiation, additional variables, component
mass fractions and turbulence can be specified at inlet, opening, outlet, interface, and wall
boundaries. For details, see Sources (p. 25 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Selecting Boundary Source > Sources reveals a frame, allowing the user to specify sources
for this boundary.

Plot Options
The Plot Options tab allows you to create Boundary Contour and Boundary Vector
graphics to display scalar and vector values at boundaries, respectively, as detailed in the
following sections:
Boundary Contour (p. 186)
Boundary Vector (p. 187)

Boundary Contour
Selecting this option and choosing a Profile Variable draws the boundary surface colored
by the selected variable. The available variables depend on the settings on the Boundary
Details and Sources tabs, as applicable. A legend appears by default showing the variable
plotted on the boundary with a local range. You can clear visibility for the legend by clearing

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 Boundary Conditions: Interface Boundary Conditions
the check box next to the boundary contour object associated with your boundary
condition in the Outline tree view. You may have to click the + sign next to the boundary
condition in order to view the contour object.

Boundary Vector
Selecting this option draws vectors at the nodes of the boundary surface, pointing in the
direction specified by the Profile Vector Component setting. The available vectors depend
on the settings on the Boundary Details and Sources tabs, as applicable.

Interface Boundary Conditions

All domain interfaces automatically create boundaries of type Interface that contain the
regions used in the domain interface. These boundaries are named <Domain Interface
Name> Side <Number>. For example, for a domain interface named myInterface, the
related boundary conditions would be called myInterface Side 1 and myInterface
Side 2. At least one of these boundaries will be auto-created for each domain involved in
the interface. You can edit these boundaries like any other boundary, but you cannot create
new interface boundaries directly.
You will usually not need to edit an auto-generated Interface boundary, but options are
available for fluid-solid interfaces (which can be considered a special case of wall
boundaries). Settings and options available when editing interface boundaries can be
configured. For details, refer to the following sections:
Boundary Details: Interfaces (p. 181)
Fluid Values for Interfaces (p. 186)

Symmetry Boundary Conditions

When specifying symmetry boundary conditions, select the locations from the drop-down
list box and select the Frame Type if your domain is rotating. No further settings are
required, and the same settings apply for fluid and solid domains.
1. Choose the location(s) of the symmetry plane(s) from the list.
For details, see Symmetry Plane Boundaries (p. 227 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling
Guide").

Working with Boundary Conditions

The topics in this section include:
Boundary Condition Visualization
Profile Data and CEL Functions

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Boundary Conditions: Working with Boundary Conditions

Boundary Condition Visualization

When you create a boundary condition in ANSYS CFX-Pre, several things happen:
Symbols for the boundary conditions are displayed in the viewer, based on type. The
visibility of these symbols is determined by the Label and Marker control form.
Boundary condition symbols are shown at surface display line intersections.
Regions comprising the boundary condition are highlighted according to settings
specified under Edit > Options. For details, see Toolbar (p. 48).
If multiple boundary conditions are defined on a region of mesh, an error appears in the
physics validation window below the viewer.

Note: Inlets, outlets and openings use arrow symbols whose direction is locally normal to
the boundary surface, irrespective of the actual direction specified for the boundary
condition. It is possible to show arrows pointing in the specified direction by creating a
Boundary Vector object. You can optionally turn off the default arrow symbols by clearing
the check boxes on Label and Marker control form (see above). Also see Boundary Vector
(p. 187) and Boundary Marker Options (p. 55) for more details.

Note: When using ANSYS CFX-Pre within ANSYS Workbench or with a pale viewer
background color, the colors of these symbols are black in order to make them more visible.

Profile Data and CEL Functions

Profile data can be used to define a boundary condition based on a distribution of
appropriate values.

Types of 1D profile uses one spatial coordinate to define the data position, for e.g., x, y, z or a
Discrete Profiles cylindrical value. This could be used to describe the axisymmetric flow down a
cylindrical pipe (i.e., the data values for a value of r).
2D profile uses two spatial coordinates (Cartesian or polar), for e.g., (x, y), (x, z), (r, t), (a,
t), etc. If you are importing the data from a 2D code on a planar boundary, you may wish
to use this as a boundary condition in a 3D case in CFX.
3D profile uses three spatial coordinates, for e.g., (x, y, z) or (r, t, a). Among various uses
of 3D Profile Data are boundary conditions, spatially varying fluid properties, Additional
Variables or equation sources.

Profile Data The following is the format of the profile data file:
Format # Comment line
# The following section (beginning with [Name] and ending as [Elements])
# represents one profile, which can be repeated to define multiple profiles.
[Name]
My Boundary
[Spatial Fields]
r, theta , z
.
.
.
[Data]
X [ m ], Y [ m ], Z [ m ], Area [ m^2 ], Density [ kg m^-3 ]
-1.77312009e-02, -5.38203605e-02, 6.00000024e-02, 7.12153496e-06, 1.23141646e+00
-1.77312009e-02, -5.79627529e-02, 5.99999949e-02, 5.06326614e-06, 1.23143399e+00
.
.
.

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 Boundary Conditions: Working with Boundary Conditions
# -------- end of first profile 'My Boundary'----------
[Name]
Plane 2
.
.
.
The following is a guideline for creating profile data format:
The name of each locator is listed under the [Name] heading.
The names of the fields are case insensitive (i.e., [data] and [Data] are acceptable).
The names of variables used in the data fields are case sensitive.
For example,u [m] is a valid x velocity component, whereas U [m] is an unrecognized
field name. You have to map this unrecognized field name with a valid variable name
when loading into ANSYS CFX-Pre. This is consistent with the use of CEL elsewhere.
Comments in the file are preceded by # (or ## for the ANSYS CFX polyline format) and
can appear anywhere in the file.
Commas must separate all fields in the profile. Any trailing commas at the end of a line
are ignored. Any additional commas within a line of data will be a syntax error.
Blank lines are ignored and can appear anywhere in the file (except between the
[<data>] and first data line, where <data> is one of the key words in square brackets
shown in the data format).
If any lines with text are included above the keyword [Name], a syntax error will occur.
Such lines should be preceded by # character to convert them into comments.
Multiple data sets are permitted within the same file by repeating the sequence of
profiles; each profile begins with keyword [Name].
Point coordinates and the corresponding variable values are stored in the [Data]
section.
[Spatial Fields] can contain 1, 2, or 3 values, corresponding to whether this data is
1D, 2D or 3D.
The data file has a .csv extension for compatibility with other software packages.
When this data file is read in, it is checked for any format violations; physics errors are
shown for such situations.
Additional information on profile data is available.
Physics Checking (p. 15)
RULES and VARIABLES Files (p. 78 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Manager User's Guide")
Profile Boundary Conditions (p. 77 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide")

Example Consider a multiphase boundary condition set up using the following:

The profile data file has a profile named myProfile
One of the data fields is Temperature [K]
ANSYS CFX-Pre allows a function such as myProfile.water.Temperature(x,y,z) to refer
to a data field stored in the profile. This derived value can be assigned to a parameter, such
as Fixed Temperature.
The expressions that are automatically generated in ANSYS CFX-Pre for profile boundaries
are simply the expressions in terms of interpolation functions. Modify them in the same way
as a normal CEL expression.

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Boundary Conditions: Working with Boundary Conditions
For example, the expression myProfile.Temperature(x,y,z) could be modified to
2*myProfile.Temperature(2x,y,z). For details, see Profile Boundary Conditions (p. 77 in
"ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

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Domain Interfaces

Introduction
This chapter describes:
User Interface (p. 191)
Creating a Domain Interface (p. 195)

Domain interfaces are used for multiple purposes:

Connecting domains or assemblies
Domain Interfaces are required to connect multiple unmatched meshes within a
domain (for example, when there is a hexahedral mesh volume and a tetrahedral mesh
volume within a single domain) and to connect separate domains.
Modeling changes in reference frame between domains
This occurs when you have a stationary and a rotating domain or domains rotating at
different rates.
Creating periodic interfaces between regions
This occurs when you are reducing the size of the computational domain by assuming
periodicity in the simulation.
Interface boundaries are created automatically for each Domain Interface. For details, see
Interface Boundary Conditions (p. 187).
If you are running a simulation with ANSYS Multi-field coupling to the ANSYS solver, you will
need to create fluid-solid interfaces with the fluid side in CFX and the solid side in ANSYS.
Such an interface is actually an external boundary so far as the CFX solver is concerned, as it
lies on the boundary of the CFX domain(s). You should create a Boundary Condition, not a
Domain Interface, when setting up such an interface.
Additional information about domain interfaces is provided in Overview of Domain
Interfaces (p. 133 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

User Interface
The following topic(s) will be discussed:
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Domain Interfaces: User Interface
Edit Domain Interface: Basic Settings Tab (p. 192)

Edit Domain Interface: Basic Settings Tab

The Basic Settings tab is used to define the domain interface. It is accessible by clicking
Domain Interface , or by selecting Insert > Domain Interface.

Interface Type Fluid Fluid

Use this option to connect two fluid domains or to make a periodic connection between
two regions in a fluid domain.
Fluid Porous
Use this option to connect a fluid domain to a porous domain.
Fluid Solid
Use this option to connect a fluid domain to a solid domain.
Porous Porous
Use this option to connect two porous domains or to make a periodic connection
between two regions in a porous domain.
Solid Porous
Use this option to connect a solid domain to a porous domain.
Solid Solid
Use this option to connect two solid domains or to make a periodic connection between
two regions in a solid domain.

Interface Side Domain (Filter)

1/2 The domain filter is used to filter out 2D regions that are of no interest. The drop-down list
contains commonly used regions (all composite names and primitive names that are not
referenced by any composites) and the extended list (displayed when clicking the ellipsis
icon) contains all regions in a domain.

Region List
Region List 1 and Region List 2 allow selection of regions that form each side of the
interface.

Interface Option
Models Translational Periodicity
For details, see Translational Periodicity (p. 135 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Rotational Periodicity
For details, see Rotational Periodicity (p. 135 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
General Connection
For details, see General Connection (p. 143 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Frame Change/Mixing Model

(applies only when Interface Models: Option is set to General Connection)

Option
None

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 Domain Interfaces: User Interface
Frozen Rotor
Stage
Transient Rotor-Stator
For details, see Frame Change/Mixing Model (p. 137 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling
Guide").

Rotational Offset Check Box

(applies only when Interface Models: Frame Change/Mixing Model: Option is set to
Frozen Rotor)
This check box determines whether or not to apply a rotational offset for one side of the
interface. For details, see Rotational Offset (p. 137 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Rotational Offset Check Box: Rotational Offset

Enter a rotational offset for one side of the interface.

Pressure Profile Decay Check Box

(applies only when Interface Models: Frame Change/Mixing Model: Option is set to
Stage)
This option affects solution stability. For details, see Pressure Profile Decay (p. 139 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Pressure Profile Decay Check Box: Pressure Profile Decay

Enter a numerical quantity or CEL expression that specifies the rate of decay of the pressure
profile.

Constant Total Pressure Check Box

(applies only when Interface Models: Frame Change/Mixing Model: Option is set to
Stage)
For details, see Constant Total Pressure (p. 139 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Pitch Change
(applies only when Interface Models: Option is set to General Connection)

Option
None
Automatic
(applies only when Interface Models: Frame Change/Mixing Model: Option is NOT
set to None)
Value
(applies only when Interface Models: Frame Change/Mixing Model: Option is NOT
set to None)
Specified Pitch Angles
(applies only when Interface Models: Frame Change/Mixing Model: Option is NOT
set to None)
For details, see Pitch Change (p. 140 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

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Domain Interfaces: User Interface
Pitch Ratio
(applies only when Interface Models: Pitch Change: Option is set to Value)
Enter the pitch ratio. For details, see Value (p. 142 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Pitch Angle Side 1/2

(applies only when Interface Models: Pitch Change: Option is set to Specified Pitch
Angles)
Enter pitch angle for each side of the interface. For details, see Specified Pitch Angles (p. 142
in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Mass And Momentum Check Box

This check box determines whether or not mass and momentum models are applied
between the sides of the interface. For details, see Mass and Momentum Models (p. 142 in
"ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Option
Mass Flow Rate
Pressure Change

Mass Flow Rate

(applies only when Interface Models: Mass And Momentum Check Box: Option is set to
Mass Flow Rate)
Enter a numerical quantity or CEL expression that specifies the value of the mass flow rate
from side 1 to side 2 of the interface.

Note: When imposing a mass flow rate at a domain interface, the ANSYS CFX-Solver updates
the pressure change to drive the mass flow rate toward the specified value. The update is
based on an internally-estimated coefficient, which may not be optimal. The Pressure
Update Multiplier provides user control to tune convergence behavior. The default value is
0.25. If convergence is slow (as may occur for low Reynolds number flows), consider
increasing the value. If convergence is unstable, consider decreasing its value. Note that
values above 1 are permissible.

Pressure Change
(applies only when Interface Models: Mass And Momentum Check Box: Option is set to
Pressure Change)
Enter a numerical quantity or CEL expression that specifies the pressure change across the
interface (from side 1 to side 2). If there is a pressure drop, the specified value should be
negative.

Mesh Option
Connection GGI
Method
Automatic
Direct
For details, see Mesh Connection Options (p. 144 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

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 Domain Interfaces: Creating a Domain Interface

Creating a Domain Interface

1. Select Insert > Domain Interface or click Domain Interface .
The Insert Domain Interface dialog box appears.
2. Set Name to a unique name for the new domain interface.
For details, see Valid Syntax for Named Objects (p. 15).
3. Click OK.
The created domain interface opens for editing on the Basic Settings tab.
4. Specify the basic settings.
For details, see Edit Domain Interface: Basic Settings Tab (p. 192).

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Domain Interfaces: Creating a Domain Interface

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Initialization

Introduction
This chapter describes:
Using the User Interface (p. 197)

Initialization is the process by which all unspecified solution field values are assigned at the
beginning of a simulation. These values are commonly referred to as initial values. For
steady state simulations, they may be collectively referred to as an initial guess.
For steady state simulations, initial values can be set automatically if a good initial guess is
not known or is not required. Although accurate initial values may not always be available,
a good approximation can reduce the time to solve a steady state simulation and reduce the
chance that the solution fails to converge due to diverging residuals. The more complicated
the simulation and models used, the more important it becomes to start the solution
process with sensible initial values. Advice about choosing sensible initial values is available.
For details, see Initialization Parameters (p. 85 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
For transient simulations, the initial values must be specified for all variables since the data
describes the state at the simulation start time.
If available, the results from a previous simulation can be used to provide the initial values.
In this case, any values chosen to be automatically set will be overridden by values from the
initial values file.
Global and domain initialization settings may be specified. Global settings apply to only
those domains that do not have their own initialization settings.
Information on modeling initial values is available. For details, see Initial Condition
Modeling (p. 83 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Using the User Interface

The following topics will be discussed:
Domain: Initialization Tab (p. 198)

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Initialization: Using the User Interface
Global Settings and Fluid Settings Tabs (p. 198)
The Global Settings and Fluid Settings tabs for the global initialization object (listed as
Initialization under Simulation in the tree view) contain settings that specify how
initial values are to be determined, and, in some cases, the initial values themselves. They
are accessible by clicking Global Initialization , by selecting Insert > Global
Initialization, or by editing the initialization object listed in the tree view under
Simulation.

Domain: Initialization Tab

The Initialization tab for a domain contains settings that specify how initial values are to be
determined, and, in some cases, the initial values themselves. It is accessible by editing a
domain object.

Domain This check box determines whether or not the domain is initialized based on its own settings
Initialization or based on global initialization settings. When this check box is selected, an interface that
is essentially the same as that for global initialization is displayed. Any initialization values
defined on a per-domain basis will override values defined at the global level. For details,
see Global Settings and Fluid Settings Tabs (p. 198). After specifying and applying domain
initialization, an entry called Initialization is listed in the tree view under the applicable
domain.

Global Settings and Fluid Settings Tabs

When a simulation involves only one fluid, the Fluid Settings tab is not available, but then
all of its contents are added to the Global Settings tab.

Coord Frame This check box determines whether or not a specified coordinate frame is used for
Check Box interpreting initial conditions. If the check box is not selected, the default coordinate frame,
Coord 0, is used.

Coord Frame Check Box: Coord Frame

Select a coordinate frame to use for interpreting initial conditions. For details, see
Coordinate Frames (p. 135). For details, see Coordinate Frames (p. 22 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide"). For details, see Coord Frame (p. 85 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling
Guide").

Frame Type This check box determines whether or not a specified frame type is used for interpreting
Check Box initial values of velocity. If the check box is not selected, the default frame of reference is
used. The default frame of reference is stationary or rotating, depending on whether the
domain is stationary or rotating, respectively.

Frame Type
Stationary

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 Initialization: Using the User Interface
The frame of reference used to interpret initial values of velocity is the stationary frame
of reference. For example, if the initial velocity throughout a domain is parallel to the
rotation axis of the domain, the flow will initially have no swirl in the stationary frame of
reference, even if the domain is rotating.
Rotating
The frame of reference used to interpret initial values of velocity is that of the associated
domain. For example, if the initial velocity throughout a domain is specified as being
parallel to the rotation axis of the domain, and if the domain is rotating, the flow will
have swirl in the stationary frame of reference.
For details, see Frame Type (p. 86 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Initial Cartesian
Conditions: Cylindrical
Velocity Type
For details, see Velocity Type (p. 86 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Initial Option
Conditions: Automatic
Cartesian The initial velocity field is loaded from an initial values file, if one is available. If an initial
Velocity
values file is not available, the initial velocity field is computed from built-in algorithms.
Components
For details, see Automatic (p. 84 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Automatic with Value
The initial velocity field is loaded from an initial values file, if one is available. If an initial
values file is not available, the initial velocity field is set to user-specified values. For
details, see Automatic with Value (p. 84 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Velocity Scale Check Box

(applies only when Option is set to Automatic)
This check box determines whether or not a specified velocity scale is used. If the check box
is not selected, a velocity scale will be calculated internally by the ANSYS CFX-Solver, based
on a weighted average value of velocity over all applicable Boundary Conditions (inlets,
openings and outlets). Initial guess values that are calculated based on the internally
calculated velocity scale may be unsuitable due to the shape of your domain, or, for
example, due to a small, high-speed inlet which results in an over-prediction of the velocity
magnitude.

Velocity Scale Check Box: Value

Enter a numerical quantity or CEL expression for the velocity scale. This is not a normalized
value; it is essentially the velocity magnitude that will be used for all applicable velocity
vectors. For details, see Velocity Scale (p. 89 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

U, V, W
(applies only when Option is set to Automatic with Value)
Enter a numerical quantity or CEL expression for each Cartesian velocity component. For
details, see Cartesian Velocity Components (p. 87 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

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Initialization: Using the User Interface
Initial Option
Conditions: For details, see Option (p. 199).
Cylindrical
Velocity Velocity Scale Check Box
Components (applies only when Option is set to Automatic)
For details, see Velocity Scale Check Box (p. 199).

Axial Component, Radial Component, Theta Component

(applies only when Option is set to Automatic with Value)
Enter a numerical quantity or CEL expression for each cylindrical velocity component. For
details, see Cylindrical Velocity Components (p. 89 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Initial Option
Conditions: Automatic
Static Pressure The initial static pressure field is loaded from an initial values file, if one is available. If an
initial values file is not available, the initial static pressure field is computed from built-in
algorithms.
Automatic with Value
The initial static pressure field is loaded from an initial values file, if one is available. If an
initial values file is not available, the initial static pressure field is set to user-specified
values.
For details, see Static Pressure (p. 90 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Relative Pressure
(applies only when Option is set to Automatic with Value)
Enter a numerical quantity or CEL expression for the relative pressure.
For details, see Static Pressure (p. 90 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Initial Option
Conditions: Automatic
Turbulence The turbulent kinetic energy field is loaded from an initial values file, if one is available.
Kinetic Energy
If an initial values file is not available, the turbulent kinetic energy field is computed
automatically.
Automatic with Value
The turbulent kinetic energy field is loaded from an initial values file, if one is available.
If an initial values file is not available, the turbulent kinetic energy field is set to
user-specified values.
For details, see K (Turbulent Kinetic Energy) (p. 90 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Fractional Intensity Check Box

(applies only when Option is set to Automatic with Value)
This check box determines whether the fractional intensity is specified explicitly or is
computed automatically.

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 Initialization: Using the User Interface
Turbulence Kinetic Energy Check Box
(applies only when Option is set to Automatic with Value)
This check box determines whether the turbulence kinetic energy is specified explicitly or
computed automatically.

Initial This check box determines whether or not the initialization options for Turbulence Eddy
Conditions: Dissipation are specified explicitly or are left at default values. For details, see Epsilon
Turbulence
(Turbulence Eddy Dissipation) (p. 91 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Eddy
Dissipation Note: If you select Initial Conditions > Turbulence Eddy Dissipation, ensure that Initial
Check Box Conditions > Turbulence Eddy Frequency is not selected (if it exists).

Option
Automatic
The turbulence eddy dissipation field is loaded from an initial values file, if one is
available. If an initial values file is not available, the turbulence eddy dissipation field is
computed from built-in algorithms.
Automatic with Value
The turbulence eddy dissipation field is loaded from an initial values file, if one is
available. If an initial values file is not available, the turbulence eddy dissipation field is
set to user-specified values.
Note: When Option is set to Automatic with Value, several check boxes become
available. Select only one because only one will be used to calculate turbulence eddy
dissipation and the rest will be ignored. Selecting any one of these check boxes requires an
additional value, which can be set by entering a numerical quantity or a CEL expression.

Initial (applies only when using the P1, Discrete Transfer, or Monte Carlo model for Thermal
Conditions: Radiation)
Radiation
Intensity Option
Automatic
The initial radiation intensity field and blackbody temperature field are loaded from an
initial values file, if one is available. If an initial values file is not available, the initial
radiation intensity field and blackbody temperature field are computed from built-in
algorithms.
Automatic with Value
The initial radiation intensity field and blackbody temperature field are loaded from an
initial values file, if one is available. If an initial values file is not available, the initial
radiation intensity field and blackbody temperature field are set to user-specified
values.
For details, see Radiation Intensity (p. 93 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Initial Option
Conditions: Automatic
Mixture The initial mixture fraction field is loaded from an initial values file, if one is available. If
Fraction
an initial values file is not available, the initial mixture fraction field is computed from
built-in algorithms.

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Initialization: Using the User Interface
Automatic with Value
The initial mixture fraction field is loaded from an initial values file, if one is available. If
an initial values file is not available, the initial mixture fraction field is set to
user-specified values.

Mixture Fraction
Enter a numerical quantity or CEL expression that specifies the value of the mixture fraction
throughout the domain.

Initial Option
Conditions: Automatic
Mixture The initial mixture fraction variance field is loaded from an initial values file if, one is
Fraction
available. If an initial values file is not available, the initial mixture fraction variance field
Variance
is computed from built-in algorithms.
Automatic with Value
The initial mixture fraction variance field is loaded from an initial values file, if one is
available. If an initial values file is not available, the initial mixture fraction variance field
is set to user-specified values.

Mix. Fracn. Variance

Enter a numerical quantity or CEL expression that specifies the value of the mixture fraction
variance throughout the domain.

Initial (applies only when the relevant fluid is a variable composition mixture)
Conditions:
Component List Box
Details This list box is used to select a component (of a fluid that is a variable composition mixture)
in order to set its fluid-specific initialization options.

[component name]: Option

Automatic
The initial mass fraction field is loaded from an initial values file, if one is available. If an
initial values file is not available, the initial mass fraction field is computed from built-in
algorithms.
Automatic with Value
The initial mass fraction field is loaded from an initial values file, if one is available. If an
initial values file is not available, the initial mass fraction field is set to user-specified
values.

[component name]: Mass Fraction

Available when Option is set to Automatic with Value, the user must enter a numerical
quantity or CEL expression that specifies the value of the component mass fraction
throughout the domain.

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 Initialization: Using the User Interface
Initial This section is similar to Component Details, dealing with additional variables instead. For
Conditions: details, see Initial Conditions: Component Details (p. 202).
Additional
Variable Details

Fluid Specific (applies only when multiple fluids are involved)

Initialization
The fluid-specific initialization settings are grouped together, either in the Fluid Specific
Initialization section or, in the case of global initialization, on the Fluid Settings tab.

Fluid Specific This list box is used to select a fluid in order to set its fluid-specific initialization options.
Initialization:
List Box

Fluid Specific This check box determines whether or not the initialization options for the indicated fluid
Initialization: are specified explicitly or are left at default values.
[fluid name]
Check Box

Fluid Specific Most of the fluid-specific initial condition settings are described in this section as they
Initialization: appear in the non-fluid specific initial condition section in the case of a single-fluid
[fluid name]
simulation. Those that are not are described here.
Check Box:
Initial
Velocity Type
Conditions
The velocity type can be either Cartesian or Cylindrical. For details, see Velocity Type
(p. 86 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Volume Fraction: Option

Automatic
The initial volume fraction field is loaded from an initial values file, if one is available. If
an initial values file is not available, the initial volume fraction field is computed from
built-in algorithms.
Automatic with Value
The initial volume fraction field is loaded from an initial values file if one is available. If
an initial values file is not available, the initial volume fraction field is set to
user-specified values.

Volume Fraction: Volume Fraction

Enter a numerical quantity or CEL expression that specifies the value of the volume fraction
throughout the domain. For details, see Initial Conditions for a Multiphase Simulation (p. 93
in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

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Initialization: Using the User Interface

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Mesh Adaption

Introduction
This chapter describes:
Overview (p. 205)
Setting Up Mesh Adaption (p. 208)
Basic Settings Tab (p. 208)
Advanced Options Tab (p. 210)
Advanced Topic: Adaption with 2D Meshes (p. 211)

Mesh Adaption in ANSYS CFX is the process by which the mesh is selectively refined in areas
that are affected by the adaption criteria specified. This means that as the solution is
calculated, the mesh can automatically be made finer or coarser in locations where solution
variables change rapidly, in order to resolve the features of the flow in these regions.
Each mesh element is given an Adaption Level. Each time the element is split into smaller
elements, the new elements are assigned an Adaption Level that is one greater than the
element it was generated from. The maximum number of Adaption Levels is controlled to
prevent over-refinement.
In ANSYS CFX, mesh adaption is available for single domain, steady-state problems; you
cannot combine mesh adaption with Domain Interfaces, combine it with Solid Domains, or
use it for an ANSYS Multi-field simulation. The Mesh Adaption process is performed by the
ANSYS CFX Solver. However, the parameters that control the Adaption process are defined
in ANSYS CFX-Pre on the Mesh Adaption form.

Overview
The following will take place when ANSYS CFX-Solver is run (on steady-state problems). The
process is shown in the diagrammatic form below (Figure 1).

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Mesh Adaption: Overview
1. The ANSYS CFX-Solver solves for solution variables using the mesh that is contained in
the ANSYS CFX Solver (Definition) File, or specified using an initial values file. The ANSYS
CFX-Solver uses Convergence Criteria that have been specified on the Basic Settings
tab of the Mesh Adaption form; the Convergence Criteria specified on the Solver
Control form is not used at this stage.
2. A Mesh Adaption Step (one loop of the adapt-solve cycle) takes place. Using the solution
calculated in this first step, together with the Adaption Criteria specified on the Mesh
Adaption Basic Settings form, the mesh is refined in selected areas. For details, see
Mesh Adaption (p. 61 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Theory Guide").
3. The ANSYS CFX-Solver solves for solution variables using the mesh created by the Mesh
Adaption step. The ANSYS CFX-Solver uses the Convergence Criteria specified on the
Basic Settings tab of the Mesh Adaption form; the Convergence Criteria specified on
the Solver Control form is not used at this stage.
4. Steps 2 and 3 are repeated until the Max. Num. Steps (specified on the Basic Settings
of the Mesh Adaption form) is reached.
5. Finally, ANSYS CFX-Solver solves for solution variables using the mesh that was created
by the final Mesh Adaption step. The Convergence Criteria used by the ANSYS
CFX-Solver at this stage are those specified on the Solver Control form.

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 Mesh Adaption: Overview

Figure 1 Mesh Adaption Process

Definition File

No Adaption requested Adaption requested

Solve on current mesh using Convergence

Criteria, specified on the Basic Settings tab
of the Mesh Adaption form.

Adaption finished

Further Adaption

Perform Mesh Adaption step, refining

elements according to the Adaption Criteria.

Solve on current mesh using

Convergence Criteria specified on
the Basic Settings tab of the
Solver Control form.

Results File
(includes the mesh used for the latest solution.)

The Mesh Adaption step itself consists of the following:

1. The Adaption Criteria are applied to each edge of each element in the mesh.
2. Nodes are added to the existing mesh according to the Adaption Criteria. The number
of nodes added is dependent on the total number of nodes to be added and the node
allocation parameter.
3. The solution already calculated on the older mesh is linearly interpolated onto the new
mesh.
If the ANSYS CFX-Solver is being run in parallel, then each Solve step is preceded by a mesh
partitioning step.
Additional information on how elements are selected for adaption, how elements are
divided and the limitations of mesh adaption in ANSYS CFX is available. For details, see Mesh
Adaption (p. 61 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Theory Guide").

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Mesh Adaption: Setting Up Mesh Adaption

Setting Up Mesh Adaption

To set up mesh adaption:
1. Select Insert > Solver > Mesh Adaption.
The Mesh Adaption dialog box appears.
2. Select or clear Activate Adaption.
If selected, Mesh Adaption performs when the solver is run.
3. Under Region List, select the regions to adapt.
For details, see Region List (p. 209).
4. Select or clear Save Intermediate Files.
For details, see Save Intermediate Files (p. 209).
5. Specify the required Adaption Criteria.
For details, see Adaption Criteria (p. 209).
6. Specify the required Adaption Method.
For details, see Adaption Method (p. 210).
7. Specify Adaption Convergence Criteria.
For details, see Adaption Convergence Criteria (p. 210).
8. Select Adaption Variables from the Variables List.
9. Enter the Maximum Number of Adaption Steps (Max. Num. Steps ) allowed.
The default is 3. For details, see Max. Num. Steps (p. 209).
10. Select how many nodes should be present in the adapted mesh. Options are:
Multiple of Initial Mesh
Final Number of Nodes
For details, see Option (p. 209).
11. Select an option for Adaption Method > Option.
For details, see Adaption Method (p. 210).
12. Specify the Adaption Convergence Criteria to be used for each adaption step.
For details, see Adaption Convergence Criteria (p. 210).
This is different from the Convergence Criteria used to terminate the run, which is set in
Solver Controller. For details, see Basic Settings Tab (p. 213).
13. Switch to the Advanced Options tab or click Ok to accept the mesh adaption settings.
For details, see Advanced Options Tab (p. 210).

Basic Settings Tab

The following topics will be discussed:
Basic Mesh Adaption Parameters (p. 209)
Advanced Mesh Adaption Parameters (p. 211)

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 Mesh Adaption: Basic Settings Tab

Basic Mesh Adaption Parameters

Region List Region List contains the names of all 3D Regions and Assemblies in the problem. Select any
or all of the 3D regions to be used for mesh adaption.

Note: Mesh adaption cannot be used in multidomain simulations or in cases with external
solver coupling. Mesh adaption also cannot be used for transient, mesh-motion,
radiative-tracking, or particle-transport cases.

Save If Save Intermediate Files is selected, an intermediate results file is saved immediately
Intermediate before each mesh adaption step begins. At the end of the run, these intermediate files are
Files
stored in a subdirectory with the same name as the run, in the directory that contains the
ANSYS CFX-Solver results file.

Adaption For each adaption step, and for each mesh element, the adaption criteria are applied, and
Criteria mesh elements meeting the adaption criteria are refined. There are two methods of
specifying how the adaption criteria are specified. For details, see Adaption Method (p. 210).

Variables List
The Variables List is used to select the variables that make up part of the Adaption Criteria.
During the adaption process, if only one variable is selected, the value of the variable is
observed for each element defining the selected regions specified by the Region List. The
maximum variation in value of the variable along any edge of an element is used to decided
whether the element is to be modified. If multiple variables are selected, the maximum of
variation of all the variables for a given element is used to decide whether or not an element
should be modified.
To save unnecessary processing, it is important to ensure that variables selected will vary
during the calculation. For instance, do not select Density as a variable for an incompressible
flow calculation.

Max. Num. Steps

The number of steps that the adaption process performs is specified by Max. Num. Steps.
It is recommended to select a number between 1 and 5.

Note: If ANSYS CFX-Solver runs on the definition file and finishes normally, this number of
Adaption Steps will take place. If ANSYS CFX-Solver is stopped and then restarted from the
results file produced, only the remaining number of Adaption Steps will take place in the
restarted run.

Option
The number of nodes in the final mesh generated by the adaption process is controlled by
the value selected in Option.
Select Final Number of Nodes, to specify the number of nodes in the final mesh, or
Multiple of Initial Mesh, which allows specification of the number of nodes in the final
mesh as a multiple of the initial mesh.

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Mesh Adaption: Advanced Options Tab
If Multiple of Initial Mesh is selected , it is also necessary to specify a Node Factor
multiplier greater than 1.2. If Final Number of Nodes is selected, then specify the number
of Nodes in Adaption Mesh that is no more than a factor of five greater than the number of
nodes in the initial mesh.

Note: The final mesh will not contain exactly the number of nodes specified in either case.
For details, see Mesh Adaption (p. 61 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Theory Guide").

Adaption The Adaption Method used by the adaption process to apply the Adaption Criteria is
Method controlled by the options specified in the Adaption Method section of the form.

Option
The Adaption Method is specified as either Solution Variation, or Solution Variation *
Edge Length.
If Solution Variation * Edge Length is selected, the Adaption Criteria takes account of
both the variation of the solution variable over the edge of the element and the length of
the edge. The result of having applied the Adaption Criteria to each edge of an element is
then multiplied by the length of the edge. The maximum value of all the edges of the
element is used to decide whether an element is to be refined. This means that in areas of
the flow where the solution variation is similar, adaption will take place preferentially in
regions where the mesh length scale is largest.

Minimum Edge Length

When Solution Variation is specified by Option, the Adaption Criteria is applied using only
the maximum variation of a solution variable across any edge associated with an element.
This option does not use the length of the edge in the calculation. In this case, consider
specifying a Minimum Edge Length to avoid refining the mesh too far at a discontinuity in
the solution. For details, see Mesh Adaption (p. 61 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Theory Guide").

Adaption The convergence criteria used to specify when the ANSYS CFX-Solver stops running on the
Convergence original and intermediate meshes is specified in the Adaption Convergence Criteria
Criteria
section of the form. The available parameters are the same as those used to determine the
final convergence of the solution. For details, see Basic Settings Tab (p. 213).

Advanced Options Tab

It is possible to specify some further parameters to control the adaption process, these are
specified on the Advanced Options tab of the Mesh Adaption form.
The Advanced Options tab allows specification of two further parameters:
Node Alloc. Param. that is used to determine how many extra nodes are added by the
mesh adaption process at each adaption step. For details, see Node Alloc. Param.
(p. 211).
Number of Levels that specifies how may times any mesh element can be divided. For
details, see Number of Levels (p. 211).

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 Mesh Adaption: Advanced Topic: Adaption with 2D Meshes

Advanced Mesh Adaption Parameters

Node Alloc. Setting the node allocation parameter, Node Alloc. Param., controls how much the mesh
Param. is refined at each adaption step. For some problems, it may be that it is better to refine a lot
in the early steps, and for others it may be more appropriate to refine more in the later steps.
Node Alloc. Param. is used as follows. On the nth adaption step, approximately Sn nodes
are added to the mesh, where
c
Mn
S n = -------------
c
-
n
n

M is the maximum number of nodes that can be added to the original mesh calculated from
having applied the Adaption Criteria to the selected regions) and c is the value of Node
Alloc. Param.. For details, see Adaption Criteria (p. 209).
When Node Alloc. Param. is set to 0, then the same number of nodes is added for each
adaption step. When Node Alloc. Param. is negative, more nodes are added in the later
adaption steps. When it is positive, more nodes are added in the earlier adaption steps. The
table below shows the percentage of nodes that will be added at each adaption step when
Max. Num. Steps is set to a value of 3 and different values of Node Alloc. Param. are
specified..

Node Alloc. Param Step 1 Step 2 Step 3

-2.0 7.14 28.57 64.28
-1.0 16.66 33.33 50.00
0.0 33.33 33.33 33.33
0.5 43.77 30.95 25.27
1.0 54.54 27.27 18.18
2.0 73.47 18.36 8.16

You are recommended to set a value for Node Alloc. Param. in the range -2 to 2.

Number of The value of this parameter specifies the maximum number of times any element of the
Levels original mesh can be subdivided. It must not be greater than Max. Num. Steps.

Advanced Topic: Adaption with 2D Meshes

2D Meshes are not supported in ANSYS CFX. However, ANSYS CFX can use 3D meshes that
are one element thick. This section outlines a workaround for such meshes when using
mesh adaption.
ANSYS CFX 2D meshes contain hexahedral, prismatic and potentially pyramidal and
tetrahedral elements. In the support of prismatic inflation in 3D meshes, special restrictions
are applicable to the adaption of prismatic elements. If adaption is applied to a 3D mesh that

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Mesh Adaption: Advanced Topic: Adaption with 2D Meshes
is one element thick, an error will result. In order to work around this, set the environment
variable CFX5_REFINER_NO_TRICOLUMNS to 1 before starting ANSYS CFX-Pre. Note that any
refinement that takes place will be 3D refinement that will introduce additional elements in
the third dimension. This environment variable can also be used when the input mesh has
prismatic elements which have opposite triangular faces on the boundary. This can arise if
the mesh has been imported from a mesh generation tool other than ANSYS CFX-Mesh.

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Solver Control

Introduction
This chapter describes:
Basic Settings Tab (p. 213)
Equation Class Settings Tab (p. 215)
External Coupling Tab (p. 216)
Particle Control (p. 216)
Advanced Options Tab (p. 216)
Further Advice on Setting Solver Parameters (p. 217)

Solver Control is used to set parameters that control the ANSYS CFX-Solver during the
solution stage.

Basic Settings Tab

The Basic Settings tab controls following common and simulation specific parameters:
Basic Settings: Common (p. 213)
Basic Settings for Steady State Simulations (p. 214)
Basic Settings for Transient Simulations (p. 215)

Basic Settings: Common

Advection For details, see Advection Scheme Selection (p. 385 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Scheme

Convergence For details, see Monitoring and Obtaining Convergence (p. 390 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Criteria Modeling Guide").
Residual Type: select either RMS or MAX.
Residual Target: specify a value for the convergence.
For details, see Residual Type and Target (p. 391 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling
Guide").
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Solver Control: Basic Settings Tab
Conservation Target: optionally specify the fractional imbalance value. The default
value is 0.01.
For details, see Conservation Target (p. 393 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Elapsed Time Select the Maximum Run Time option if you wish to stop your run after a maximum elapsed
Control time (wall clock time).
If you select this option the flow solver will automatically attempt to estimate the time to
complete the next timestep or outer loop iteration. The estimated time is the average time
that it takes to solve a previous iteration (includes the time to assemble and solve the linear
equations, radiation and particle tracking) plus the average time it is taking to write any
Standard backup or transient files.
The time estimate currently does not include the time used by processes external to the flow
solver. This includes mesh refinement, interpolation and FSI with ANSYS.

Junction Box If you have created any Junction Box Routine objects, select those to include in this Solver
Routine run.
For details, see User Junction Box Routines (p. 441 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Basic Settings for Steady State Simulations

Convergence The maximum number of iterations the ANSYS CFX-Solver will run.
Control: Max.
For details, see Max. Iterations (p. 375 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Iterations

Convergence The minimum number of iterations the ANSYS CFX-Solver will run.
Control:
Minimum
Number of
Iterations

Convergence Sets the method of time scale control for a simulation. For details, see Time Scale Control
Control: Fluid (p. 375 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Timescale
Control Three options are available for steady State simulations:
Auto Timescale: For details, see Auto Timescale (p. 375 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide"). Also see Automatic Time Scale Calculation (p. 58 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Theory Guide").
Length Scale Option
Three options are available: Conservative, Aggressive or Specified Length
Scale.

Local Timescale Factor: For details, see Local Time Scale Factor (p. 377 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Physical Timescale: For details, see Physical Time Scale (p. 377 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide").

Solid Timescale This option is available in a steady state simulation when a solid domain is used. Two choices
Control are available: Auto Timescale and Physical Timescale.

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 Solver Control: Equation Class Settings Tab
Solid Timescale Factor: This option is available when Auto Timescale is used as the
Solid Timescale. For details, see Solid Time Scale Control (p. 379 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide").

Basic Settings for Transient Simulations

Transient For details, see Transient Scheme (p. 383 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Scheme

Convergence Max. Coeff. Loops

Control This option determines the maximum number of iterations per timestep, and has a default
value of 10. For details, see Max. Iter. Per Step (p. 382 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling
Guide").
You will have already specified the number of timesteps under Simulation Type .
For details, see Editing the Simulation Type (p. 139).

Fluid Timescale Control

Coefficient Loops is the only available option.

Minimum Number of Coefficient Loops

When this option is enabled Min. Coeff. Loops can be set to specify the minimum number
of iterations the solver will complete per timestep. The default value of 1 is usually
appropriate.

Equation Class Settings Tab

Equation class settings allow you to control some aspects of the ANSYS CFX-Solver on an
equation class basis. For example, you can set a different time scale or advection scheme for
each class of equations. This is useful if you suspect a convergence problem is caused by a
particular equation class; you can then use a smaller timestep or a more robust advection
scheme for that equation class.
Select the equation class for which to specify settings.
The settings in this tab are a subset of those found on the Basic Settings tab.
For details, see Timestep Selection (p. 374 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide"). Also
see Advection Scheme Selection (p. 385 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
The settings you specify on this form will override those on the Basic Settings tab. Any
equation classes that are unspecified will use the parameters set on the Basic Settings tab.
The number and type of equation classes depends on the specific physics of the problem.
For a free surface simulation, you cannot set the advection scheme for the volume fraction
(vf) equation class since the ANSYS CFX-Solver uses a special compressive advection
scheme.
For details, see Controlling Timestepping for Each Equation (p. 384 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide").

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Solver Control: External Coupling Tab

External Coupling Tab

This section is visible when External Solver Coupling is set to ANSYS MultiField on the
Simulation Type tab.
For details, see Solver Controls, External Coupling Tab (p. 342 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide").

Particle Control
This section is visible when particle tracking has been enabled. For details, see Particle
Solver Control (p. 242 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Advanced Options Tab

The parameters on the Advanced Options tab should not need to be changed for most
simulations.

Advanced Options Tab

Global Dynamic When this option is selected, it enables some special modes in the solver for the first few
Model Control iterations or timesteps to be implemented.
For details, see Dynamic Model Control (p. 387 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Turbulence For details, see Turbulence Control (p. 388 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Control

Combustion For details, see Advanced Combustion Controls (p. 287 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling
Control Guide").

Hydro Control For details, see Hydro Control (p. 388 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Pressure Level This option can be used to set an X/Y/Z location for reference pressure, and a pressure level
information can also be set.
For details, see Pressure Level Information (p. 388 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Thermal For details, see Thermal Radiation Control (p. 299 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Radiation
Control

Body Forces Under this option, Volume-Weighted should be generally used except for free surface cases.
For details, see Body Forces (p. 200 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Interpolation For details, see Interpolation Scheme (p. 389 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Scheme

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 Solver Control: Further Advice on Setting Solver Parameters
Temperature For details, see Temperature Damping (p. 389 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Damping

Multicomponen This option is available when a multicomponent flow is used with a heat transfer equation
t Energy (i.e., thermal or total energy). For details, see Multicomponent Energy Diffusion (p. 18 in
Diffusion
"ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide"). The possible options are:
Automatic: uses unity Lewis number when no component diffusivities specified and no
algebraic slip model; uses generic assembly when necessary
Generic Assembly: sets default component diffusivities to unity Schmidt number Sc =
1; generic treatment of energy diffusion term with support for user defined component
diffusivities and algebraic slip model
Unity Lewis Number: sets Le = 1; single diffusion term, rather than separate term for
contribution of every component, resulting in faster solver runs; the default molecular
diffusion coefficient for components is derived from thermal conductivity
Note: Forcing unity Lewis number mode when not physically valid may lead to inconsistent
energy transport. Therefore this setting is not recommended.

Compressibility Holds parameters that affect solver convergence for compressible flows.
Control

Further Advice on Setting Solver Parameters

You can find further help on setting solver parameters. For details, see Advice on Flow
Modeling (p. 369 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

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Solver Control: Further Advice on Setting Solver Parameters

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Output Control

Introduction
This chapter describes:
User Interface (p. 219)
Working with Output Control (p. 234)

The Output Control panel is used to manage the way files are written by the solver. If a
transient simulation is running, the user can control which variables will be written to
transient results files, and how frequently the files will be created. Results can be written at
particular stages of the solution by writing backup files after a specified number of
iterations. These backup files can be loaded into ANSYS CFX-Post so that the development
of the results can be examined before the solution is fully converged. Monitor data can also
be written to track solution progress. Particle tracking data can be written for post
processing in ANSYS CFX-Post. Surface data can be exported.

User Interface

The Output Control dialog box is accessible by clicking Output Control , by selecting
Insert > Solver > Output Control, or by editing the Output Control object listed in the
tree view under Simulation > Solver. You can also edit the CCL directly to change the
object definition. For details, see Using the Command Editor Dialog Box (p. 253).
The topic(s) in this section include:
Results Tab (p. 220)
Backup Tab (p. 220)
Transient Results Tab (p. 221)
Transient Statistics Tab (p. 222)
Monitor Tab (p. 223)
Particles Tab (p. 226)
Export Results Tab (p. 231)

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Output Control: User Interface
Common Settings (p. 232)

Results Tab
The Results tab for the Output Control object contains settings that control the content
of the results file that is written at the end of a solver run. In the case of a transient run, the
results file contains information from the last timestep.

Option For details, see Option (p. 232).

File For details, see File Compression (p. 232).

Compression

Output Variable For details, see Output Variables List (p. 232).
List

Output Variable For details, see Output Variable Operators Check Box (p. 233).
Operators
Check Box

Output For details, see Output Boundary Flows Check Box (p. 233).
Boundary Flows
Check Box

Output For details, see Output Equation Residuals Check Box (p. 233).
Equation
Residuals Check
Box

Extra Output Particle Vertex Variables can be selected for output for cases using particle tracking. For
Variables List details, see Particle Vertex Variables (p. 241 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
This option is available only when a domain has particle tracking selected. For details, see
General Options Tab (p. 146).

Backup Tab
The Backup tab contains settings that specify the content of backup files, and the timesteps
at which the files are written. The purpose of the backup file is to ensure that a solver run can
be restarted. Backup files can be used to restart the simulation from the point where the
error occurred, saving time and computational resources.

List Box This list box is used to select Backup Results objects for editing or deletion. Backup
Results objects can be created or deleted with the icons that appear beside the list box.

The union of all requested backup file content, across all Backup Results objects
applicable for a given iteration, is written as a single backup file for that iteration. If no
backup file content is specified for a given iteration in any Backup Results object, then no
backup file is written for that iteration.

[Backup Results Option

Name] For details, see Option (p. 232).
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 Output Control: User Interface
File Compression
For details, see File Compression (p. 232).

Output Variables List

For details, see Output Variables List (p. 232).

Output Variable Operators Check Box

For details, see Output Variable Operators Check Box (p. 233).

Output Boundary Flows Check Box

For details, see Output Boundary Flows Check Box (p. 233).

Output Equation Residuals Check Box

For details, see Output Equation Residuals Check Box (p. 233).

Output Frequency: Option

For details, see Output Frequency Options (p. 233).

Transient Results Tab

The Trn Results tab for the Output Control object contains settings that specify the
content of transient results files, and the timesteps at which the files are written. Each
transient results file contains results for a particular timestep. The transient results files are
written in addition to the full results file that will be written at the end of the transient
simulation.
The settings on the Transient Results tab are analogous to those on the Backup tab. For
details, see Backup Tab (p. 220).

List Box This list box is used to select Transient Results objects for editing or deletion. Transient
Results objects can be created or deleted with the icons that appear beside the list box.

Only one transient results file is written at a given time regardless of how many transient
results file objects exist. Each Transient Results object will add information to the
transient results file for that timestep. Thus, the resulting transient results file is a union of
the data requested by all Transient Results objects for that timestep.

[Transient Option
Results Name] For details, see Option (p. 231).

File Compression
For details, see File Compression (p. 221).

Output Variables List

For details, see Output Variables List (p. 232).

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Output Control: User Interface
Include Mesh
When the Selected Variables option is selected, the Include Mesh check box will be
enabled, in which case the mesh data will be written to the results file. Using the Include
Mesh option will allow for post processing of the results file and will make restarting
possible.

Output Variable Operators Check Box

For details, see Output Variable Operators Check Box (p. 233).

Output Boundary Flows Check Box

For details, see Output Boundary Flows Check Box (p. 233).

Output Equation Residuals Check Box

For details, see Output Equation Residuals Check Box (p. 233).

Output Frequency
For details, see Output Frequency Options (p. 233).

Transient Statistics Tab

The Trn Stats tab for the Output Control object contains settings that specify the transient
statistics data to be included in the results files.
For details, see Working with Transient Statistics (p. 235).

List Box This list box is used to select Transient Statistics objects for editing or deletion.
Transient Statistics objects can be created or deleted with the icons that appear
beside the list box.

[Transient Option
Statistics Name] Arithmetic Average
Minimum
Maximum
Standard Deviation
Root Mean Square
Full

Output Variables List

For details, see Output Variables List (p. 232).

Start Iteration List Check Box

This check box determines whether or not a Start Iteration List is used. If this check box is
cleared, statistics will start (or continue, for restart runs) accumulation during the first
timestep of the current run.

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 Output Control: User Interface
Start Iteration List Check Box: Start Iteration List
Enter a comma-separated list of iteration numbers corresponding to the variables selected
in the Output Variables List. If the start iteration list contains fewer entries than the Output
Variables List, then the final start iteration in the list is applied for all remaining output
variables.
The start iteration for a given transient statistic specifies the timestep index at which statistic
accumulation begins. Prior to that timestep, statistics are initialized, as outlined in Working
with Transient Statistics (p. 235).

Note: In the case of restarted transient runs, iteration numbers are interpreted as the total
accumulated timestep index rather than the index for the current run.

Stop Iteration List Check Box

This check box determines whether or not a Stop Iteration List is used. If this check box is
cleared, the statistics will continue accumulation until the end of the run.

Stop Iteration List Check Box: Stop Iteration List

Enter a comma-separated list of iteration numbers corresponding to the variables selected
in the Output Variables List. If the stop iteration list contains fewer entries than the Output
Variables List, then the final stop iteration in the list is applied for all remaining output
variables.
The stop iteration for a given transient statistic specifies the timestep index at which statistic
accumulation ceases. After that timestep, statistics are simply not modified.

Note: In the case of restarted transient runs, start and stop iterations are interpreted as the
total accumulated timestep index rather than the index for the current run.

Monitor Tab
The Monitor tab for the Output Control object contains settings that specify monitor
output. The following types of information can be monitored as a solution proceeds:
Primitive or derived solution variables.
Fluid Properties.
Expressions
When monitoring expressions, the expression must evaluate to a single number.
For details, see Working with Monitors (p. 236).

Monitor Options This check box determines whether or not monitor data is generated as a solution proceeds.
Check Box If it is selected, the following settings are available:

Monitor Coeff. Loop Convergence

(applies only for transient cases)
This check box determines whether or not monitor data is output within coefficient (inner)
loops. Regardless of the setting, data will be output for each timestep.

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Output Control: User Interface
Monitor Balances: Option
Full
Mass, Momentum, and other balances are written to the solver monitor file.
None

Monitor Forces: Option

Full
Forces and moments on wall boundaries are written to the solver monitor file.
None

Monitor Residuals: Option

Full
RMS/max residuals are written to the solver monitor file.
None

Monitor Totals: Option

Full
Flow and source totals (integrals over boundaries) are written to the solver monitor file.
None

Monitor Particles: Option

Full
If Lagrangian Particle Tracking information is included in the simulation, force,
momentum, and source data for particles are written to the solver monitor file.
None

Efficiency Output Check Box

This check box determines whether or not the device efficiency can be monitored in the
Solver Manager. If it is selected, the following information has to be specified:

Inflow Boundary
A single boundary condition region of type INLET.

Outflow Boundary
A single boundary condition region of type OUTLET.

Monitor Points And Expressions List Box

This list box is used to select monitor objects for editing or deletion. Monitor objects can be
created or deleted with the icons that appear beside the list box.

Monitor Points and Expressions: [Monitor Name]: Option

Cartesian Coordinates
Monitor point data includes variable values at the node closest to the specified point. A
crosshair will be displayed in the viewer to indicate the monitored node.
Expression
An expression is monitored.

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 Output Control: User Interface
Monitor Points and Expressions: [Monitor Name]: Output Variables List
(applies only when Option is set to Cartesian Coordinates)
Select the variable(s) to monitor.
Tip: Hold the <Ctrl> key when clicking to select multiple variables.

Monitor Points and Expressions: [Monitor Name]: Cartesian Coordinates

(applies only when Option is set to Cartesian Coordinates)
Enter coordinates for the point location to monitor.
Tip: After you click a coordinate entry area, they turn yellow to show that you are in
Picking mode. You can then select locations from the viewer using the mouse. To
manipulate the object in the viewer while in Picking mode, use the viewer icons (rotate,
pan, zoom) in the toolbar. You can end Picking mode by changing the keyboard focus
(by clicking in another field, for example).

Monitor Points and Expressions: [Monitor Name]: Expression Value

(applies only when Option is set to Expression)
Enter a CEL expression that evaluates to a single number which is to be monitored.

Monitor Points and Expressions: [Monitor Name]: Coord Frame Check Box
This check box determines whether the coordinate frame used to interpret the specified
Cartesian coordinates will be specified or left at the default of Coord 0.

Monitor Points and Expressions: [Monitor Name]: Coord Frame Check Box: Coord Frame
Set the coordinate frame used to interpret the specified Cartesian coordinates appearing in
an expression, as applicable. For details, see Coordinate Frames (p. 22 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide").

Radiometer: Frame Overview

(applies only when using the Discrete Transfer or Monte Carlo thermal radiation model)
A radiometer is a user defined point in space which monitors the irradiation heat flux (not
incident radiation) arriving at the required location. The user specification involves much
more than just the location of the sensor, as it also requires the viewing direction, its
temperature and some numerical controls for each particular sensor.
By default, radiometers are ideal and the efficiency factor is 1.
A cross-hair symbol is used to denote the location in the viewer of each sensor.

Radiometer: List Box

This list box is used to select Radiometer objects for editing or deletion. Radiometer
objects can be created or deleted with the icons that appear beside the list box.

Radiometer: [Radiometer Name]: Option

Cartesian Coordinates

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Output Control: User Interface
Radiometer: [Radiometer Name]: Cartesian Coordinates
Enter Cartesian coordinates that describe the location of the radiometer. These coordinates
are interpreted in the coordinate frame associated with the radiometer. For details, see
Coordinate Frames (p. 135). For details, see Coordinate Frames (p. 22 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide").

Radiometer: [Radiometer Name]: Temperature

Enter the temperature of the radiometer.

Radiometer: [Radiometer Name]: Quadrature Points

Enter the number of rays used for ray tracing from the radiometer.

Radiometer: [Radiometer Name]: Coord Frame Check Box

This check box determines whether the coordinate frame used to interpret the location and
direction specifications of the radiometer will be specified or left at the default of Coord 0.

Radiometer: [Radiometer Name]: Coord Frame Check Box: Coord Frame

Select a coordinate frame to interpret location and direction specifications of the
radiometer. For details, see Coordinate Frames (p. 135). For details, see Coordinate Frames
(p. 22 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Radiometer: [Radiometer Name]: Diagnostic Output Level Check Box

This check box determines whether the diagnostic output level will be specified or left at the
default of 0.

Radiometer: [Radiometer Name]: Diagnostic Output Level Check Box: Diagnostic Output
Level
Enter a number greater than zero. The ANSYS CFX-Solver will write the ray traces to a series
of polylines in a .csv file which can be visualized in ANSYS CFX-Post. This can be used to
determine if the number of quadrature points is optimal.

Radiometer: [Radiometer Name]: Direction: Option

Cartesian Components

Radiometer: [Radiometer Name]: Direction: X Component, Y Component, Z Component

(applies only when Monitor Options check box: Radiometer: [Radiometer Name]:
Direction: Option is set to Cartesian Components)
Enter a numerical quantity or CEL expression for each Cartesian component of a direction
vector that represents the orientation of the radiometer.

Particles Tab
The Particles tab for the Output Control object contains settings that specify whether
particle data is recorded, and details of how the data is collected and recorded.
This tab is available only when a domain has particle tracking selected. For details, see
General Options Tab (p. 146).

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 Output Control: User Interface
Particle Data is initially written to particle track files, which contain a specified level of detail
about the particles involved in your simulation. The files are written to the directory with the
same name as your current run. An option on the Particles tab controls whether or not the
track files are retained after their data is copied into the final results file (and any backup
results files).

Particle Track This check box determines whether or not to customize the type and amount of particle
File Check Box track data recorded in the results file.

Option
All Track Positions (default)
Point data is collected for all track positions, as determined by the Track Positions
setting.
Specified Position Interval
Point data is collected for a subset of all track positions. The entire set of track positions
is determined by the Track Positions setting. The subset is controlled by the Track
Position Interval setting. For example, if Track Position Interval is left at its default value
of 1, then the result is the same as setting Option to All Track Positions; setting
Track Position Interval to 2 or 3, etc., will cause point data to be collected for every
second or third, etc. track position.
Specified Distance Spacing
Point data is collected for evenly-spaced points along each track. The spacing is
controlled by this parameter, and represents a physical distance.
Specified Time Spacing
Point data is collected for points along each track with the points spaced by time
according to this parameter. The physical distance between data collection points is
therefore a function of the particle velocity along each track.

Track Position Interval

(applies only when Particle Track File Check Box: Option is set to Specified Position
Interval)
Enter an integer that specifies the spacing (in terms of points) between points along the
tracks.

Track Distance Spacing

(applies only when Particle Track File Check Box: Option is set to
Specified Distance Spacing)
Enter a numerical quantity that specifies the physical distance interval between successive
points on the track. Data will be collected only for those points.

Track Time Spacing

(applies only when Particle Track File Check Box: Option is set to
Specified Time Spacing)
Enter a numerical quantity that specifies the physical time interval between successive
points on the track. Data will be collected only for those points.

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Output Control: User Interface
Track Positions Check Box
(applies only when Particle Track File Check Box: Option is set to All Track Positions or
Specified Position Interval)
This check box determines whether the Track Positions setting will be specified, or left at the
default value: Element Faces.

Track Positions Check Box: Track Positions

Control Volume Faces
Points are written each time a sub-control volume boundary is crossed. This produces
the more precise and larger track files than the other option.
Element Faces
Points are written to the track file each time a particle crosses the boundary of an
element.

Track Printing Interval Check Box

This check box determines whether the Track Printing Interval setting will be specified, or
left at the default value: 1.

Track Printing Interval Check Box: Track. Printing Interval

Output data is collected for every nth particle track, where n is the specified number.

Track File Format Check Box

This check box determines whether the track file format will be specified, or left at the solver
default value: unformatted. The track file will remain in the working directory after finishing
a run only if you select the Keep Track File option to force the solver to not delete it.

Track File Format Check Box: Track File Format

formatted
Formatted track files are in human-readable ASCII format but take up much more disk
space than unformatted track files.
The general structure of formatted ASCII track files will print the Number of Particle
Positions in a Block at the top of the file preceding repetitions of the following:
Particle Track Number
X Position
Y Position
Z Position
Traveling Time
Traveling Distance
Particle Diameter
Particle Number Rate
Particle Mass Fraction Component 1
Particle Mass Fraction Component 2
....
Particle Mass Fraction Component n
Particle U Velocity
Particle V Velocity
Particle W Velocity
Particle Temperature
Particle Mass

Note: Particle Mass Fraction Component 1- n only appear for multi-component particle
materials and Particle Temperature only appears when heat transfer is activated.

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 Output Control: User Interface
unformatted
Unformatted track files are written in a non-readable, binary, format.

Keep Track File Check Box

This check box determines whether or not the track files are kept. When the track files are
kept, they can be found below the working directory in a folder with the same name as the
run. For example, for the first solution of dryer.def, the track files are kept in a folder called
dryer_001.
The data will be copied into the results file regardless of whether or not the track files are
kept. ANSYS CFX-Post can extract the track file data from the results file for post processing.

Transient This section is available for transient simulations using particle tracking and allows you to
Particle output various particle data. For details, see Transient Particle Diagnostics (p. 233 in "ANSYS
Diagnostics
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Transient Shows the current Transient Particle Diagnostics outputs. You can click to create a new
Particle
Diagnostics: List diagnostics output file or click to delete an existing one.
Box

Transient Option
Particle Particle Penetration
Diagnostics:
Total Particle Mass
[Transient
Particle User Defined
Diagnostics For details, see User Diagnostics Routine (p. 234 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling
Name] Guide").

Particle List

Select the particle(s) from the drop down to be used for output or click for select from
the All Particles list.

Cont. Spray Mass Frac

The fraction of the total spray mass contained within the calculated penetration depth or
angle

Penetration Origin and Direction: Option

Specified Origin and Direction

Penetration Origin and Direction: Injection Center

Enter the Cartesian coordinates of the center of injection.

Penetration Origin and Direction: Injection Direction

Option
Cartesian Components
Specify the Cartesian components (X, Y and Z) of the injection direction.

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Output Control: User Interface
Penetration Origin and Direction: Axial Penetration
Option
Axial Penetration
See Figure 6 in Transient Particle Diagnostics (p. 233 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling
Guide") for details.
None

Penetration Origin and Direction: Radial Penetration

Option
Radial Penetration
See Figure 6 in Transient Particle Diagnostics (p. 233 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling
Guide") for details.
None

Penetration Origin and Direction: Normal Penetration

Option
Normal Penetration
See Figure 6 in Transient Particle Diagnostics (p. 233 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling
Guide") for details.
None

Penetration Origin and Direction: Spray Angle

Option
Spray Angle
See Figure 6 in Transient Particle Diagnostics (p. 233 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling
Guide") for details.
None

Spray Radius at Penetration Origin Check Box

Enable to specify a spray radius for the penetration origin.

Spray Radius at Penetration Origin Check Box: Spray Radius

Enter a penetration origin spray radius.

Diagnostic Routine
For details, see User Diagnostics Routine (p. 234 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Particle Variables List

Monitored Values List Check Box

Enable to select the value(s) to output.

Monitored Values List: Monitored Values List

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 Output Control: User Interface

Export Results Tab

The Export Results tab for the Output Control object is used to specify export files.
For details, see Working with Export Results (p. 238).

Note: The flow solver Export Results supports "Stationary" wall boundary conditions only
when mesh motion is activated.

List Box This list box is used to select Export Results objects for editing or deletion. Export
Results objects can be created or deleted with the icons that appear beside the list box.

[Export Name]: The Export Format check box determines whether the export format will be specified, or
Export Format left at its default of CGNS. Currently, the only option is CGNS.

Note: A CGNS valid file can be written in ADF or HDF5 format, though ANSYS CFX currently
only supports ADF base files.

Filename Prefix Check Box

This check box determines whether or not a user-specified prefix is used in the filenames of
exported files. By default, ANSYS CFX-Solver will use the object name as the filename prefix.
For details, see File Naming Conventions (p. 238).

Filename Prefix Check Box: Filename Prefix

Specify a prefix to use in the filenames of exported files.

[Export Name]: Option

Export Time List
Frequency For details, see Time List (p. 233).
Time Interval
For details, see Time Interval (p. 233).
Iteration List
For details, see Iteration List (p. 234).
Iteration Interval
For details, see Iteration Interval (p. 233).
Every Iteration

[Export Name]: List Box

Export Surface This list box is used to select Export Surface objects for editing or deletion. Export
Surface objects can be created or deleted with the icons that appear beside the list box.
Solution fields are required either on individual 2D boundary regions or on composite
boundary regions.

[Export Surface Name]: Option

Selected Variables
Acoustic Dipole/Acoustic Rotating Dipole

[Export Surface Name]: Output Boundary List

For details, see Output Boundary List and Output Region Naming (p. 238).

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Output Control: User Interface
[Export Surface Name]: Output Variables List
(applies only when Option is set to Selected Variables)
For details, see Output Variables List (p. 238).

[Export Surface Name]: Output Nodal Area Vectors Check Box

(applies only when Option is set to Selected Variables)
Select this check box, and the Value check box contained within Output Nodal Area
Vectors, when exporting acoustic data for LMS noise analysis.

Common Settings
Option Selected Variables
Selected vertex fields are written to the results file. The fields are chosen from the
Output Variables List. No restart is possible from these files.
Smallest
Mesh data and all solution vertex fields are written. A restart is possible from these files,
but the restart will not be clean (you can expect a temporary increase in residual
values).
Essential
The smallest file that preserves a clean restart is written. This includes data written in the
Smallest category and the following:
GGI control surface fields
Boundary face solution arrays
Interphase mass flows.
Standard
This contains data written in the Essential category and the following:
Hybrid fields
Post processing fields

File None
Compression This offers no compression.
Default
This is a compromise between disk space and processing load.
Best Speed Least Compression
Low Speed Most Compression
You may wish to increase the compression level for large backup files, or if you do not have
much disk space.

Output Allows you to select the output variables to write to the results file. Select the desired
Variables List
variables from the list or click the icon to select from a list of all variables. Output
Variable List is only available when Selected Variables is the option selected.

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 Output Control: User Interface
Output Variable When Output Var. Operators is set to All, you get all available operators (that the solver
Operators has calculated; e.g., gradients, High Resolution betas) for the variables in the Output
Check Box
Variables List. This option only applies to minimal transient results files, selected variables,
backup results and results files. This parameter replaces the solver expert parameter
include associated fields.

Output When Output Boundary Flows is set to All, you get all equation flows written to the file
Boundary Flows you have setup. The internal default setting for full backup/results and transient files is All.
Check Box
The default setting for Selected Variable and Minimal transient files is None. You can use
this parameter to override the defaults in both cases. This parameter replaces the solver
expert parameter output eq flows.

Output When Output Equation Residuals is set to All, the equation residuals for all equations are
Equation written to the results file for steady state solutions. The residuals can then be viewed in
Residuals Check
ANSYS CFX-Post. They appear as ordinary variables available from the full list of variables.
Box
This parameter replaces the expert parameter output eq residuals.

Output This determines how often backup and transient results files are written during a run.
Frequency
Options Timestep Interval
Enter a number that specifies the number of timesteps between the writing of each results
file.

Timestep List
Enter a comma-separated list of timestep numbers that specifies the timesteps at which files
are written.

Time Interval
Enter a number that specifies the simulation time interval between the writing of each file.
The simulation time interval is added to a running total that starts at the simulation start
time. An iteration within half a timestep of the current total has a file written.

Time List
Enter a comma-separated list of simulation times that specifies the iterations at which files
are written.

Every Timestep
No further input is needed. A backup or transient results file is written for every timestep in
a transient simulation.

Every Iteration
No further input is needed. A backup or transient results file is written for every iteration.

Iteration Interval
Enter a number that specifies the number of iterations between the writing of each file.

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Output Control: Working with Output Control
Iteration List
Enter a comma-separated list of iteration numbers that specifies the iterations at which files
are written.

Elapsed Time Interval

(Only available for backup files)
Enter a number that specifies the elapsed run time interval (wall clock time interval)
between the writing of each backup file.
This is used to create backup files every so often in real time. For example, on an overnight
simulation you might choose to have a backup file created every two hours, regardless of
how many iterations or timesteps had been performed.

Coupling Step Interval

(Only available for ANSYS Multi-field runs). Enter a number that specifies the number of
coupling steps (multi-field timesteps) between the writing of each file. Note that if you are
using ANSYS CFX-Pre in ANSYS MultiField mode to set up the multi-field part of an ANSYS
Multi-field run, then selecting this option has implications for how often the ANSYS Solver
writes its results, in addition to specifying how often CFX should write results. For details, see
The Processing Step (p. 25 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Manager User's Guide").

Every Coupling Step

(Only available for ANSYS Multi-field runs). This is used to create a results file every coupling
step (multi-field timestep). Note that if you are using ANSYS CFX-Pre in ANSYS MultiField
mode to set up the multi-field part of an ANSYS Multi-field run, then selecting this option
has implications for how often the ANSYS Solver writes its results, in addition to specifying
how often CFX should write results. For details, see The Processing Step (p. 25 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Manager User's Guide").

None
No results files will be written. You might choose this option to temporarily turn off writing
backup or transient files but keeping the definition of what to include in the files so that you
can easily re-enable them.

Working with Output Control

The following topics will be discussed:
Working with Transient Statistics (p. 235)
Working with Monitors (p. 236)
Working with Export Results (p. 238)

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 Output Control: Working with Output Control

Working with Transient Statistics

This section describes the generation and output of running statistics for solution variables.
The available statistics are arithmetic average, minimum, maximum, root-mean-square
(RMS) and standard deviation.
This follows from the same statistical theory that is used to determine statistical Reynolds
Stresses, e.g., u'v' in turbulence modeling.

Statistic Arithmetic averages are initialized using the solution values. RMS values are initialized using
Initialization the absolute value of the solution values. Each of these statistics is calculated recursively by
and
adding timestep-weighted solution values from the latest timestep to the accumulating
Accumulation
statistic.
Minimum and maximum statistics are initialized using the solution values, and are updated
as new extremes are found.
Standard deviations are initialized with a value of zero. The standard deviation is essentially
an RMS of the difference between the latest solution value and the running arithmetic
average. If this difference is written as u' , then the mean of the squared difference follows
from the same statistical theory that is used to determine statistical Reynolds Stresses, e.g.,
u'v' in turbulence modeling, and can be calculated as:

u'u' = uu uu = ( RMS ( u )RMS ( u ) ) uu

The required RMS and arithmetic average statistics are automatically activated when the
standard deviation is requested. It is also important to note that an error may be introduced
in evaluating the standard deviation if it is calculated before either of the mean or RMS
statistics. This error varies approximately with the inverse of the number of data (i.e.,
number of timesteps) used to calculate the statistics. For instance, this error should be less
than approximately 1% once the statistics contain more than 100 pieces of data.

Full Statistics

Statistics as Transient statistics are operators that act on variables (both conservative and hybrid values)
Variable identified in the Output Variables List. Like other variable operators, the data written to
Operators
results files have names like <variable>.<statistic> where <variable> is the name of
the specified variable and <statistic> is one of the following:
Trnmin (Minimum)
Trnmax (Maximum)
Trnavg (Arithmetic average)
Trnrms (Root mean square)
Trnsdv (Standard deviation)

Tip: To output transient statistics for intermediate results, be sure to select the Output
Variable Operators check box on the Transient Results tab.
Tip: Choose the Full option if all variable operators are desired.

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Output Control: Working with Output Control
A significant consequence of treating transient statistics as operators is that only one
instance of a <variable>.<statistic> exists during the entire simulation. For example,
even if multiple transient statistics objects containing the arithmetic average of velocity are
requested, only one statistic will ever exist. The potential for specifying different start (stop)
iterations for these transient statistics objects is addressed by using the earliest (latest) value
specified; i.e., statistics are accumulated over the largest range of timesteps possible as
defined by the start and stop iterations for all transient statistics objects.

Note: If you wish to re-initialize a given statistic (i.e., remove the history from the statistic),
you must shut down and restart the simulation with a new start (stop) iteration. This step is
required to ensure that the new statistic accumulation interval is not included when
searching for the earliest and latest start and stop iteration values, respectively.

Using Statistics You can use transient statistics to examine the convergence of a transient/rotor stator case.
with Transient This is done by obtaining averaged variable data over the time taken for a blade to move
Rotor-Stator
through one pitch. By comparing consecutive data sets, you can examine if a pseudo
Cases
steady-state situation has been reached. Variable data averaged from integer pitch changes
should be the same if convergence has been achieved.
Each of the variables that are created by the ANSYS CFX-Solver can be used in ANSYS
CFX-Post to create plots or perform quantitative calculations.

Working with Monitors

Setting up 1. Click Output Control or select Insert > Solver > Output Control from the main menu.
Monitors The Output Control dialog box will appear.
2. Click the Monitor tab.
3. Select Monitor Options.
4. Select which variables to monitor (Balances, Forces, Residuals, Totals, Particles).
By default, all of the listed quantities are monitored.

5. Click Add new item .

The Monitor Points and Expressions dialog box pops up to ask for the name of a new
monitor point object.
6. Enter a name, or accept the default name, and then click OK.
The [Monitor Name] frame expands to show a set of input fields.
7. Specify the settings for the monitor object.
8. Add more monitor objects as desired.
9. Click OK or Apply to set the definitions of all of the monitor objects. All monitor points
will be displayed in the viewer.

Transient/ Mesh The closest node for Cartesian coordinate is chosen for output. For a transient run or run
Deformation with a moving mesh, the closest node is identified once at the start and used for the
Runs
remainder of the run. For details, see Mesh Deformation (p. 149).

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 Output Control: Working with Output Control
Output Information on the variables to be monitored is given near the start of the OUT file. In the
Information following example the variables Velocity and Pressure were requested for the
Output Variables List in the CCL file.
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| User Defined Monitor Points |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
Monitor Point: my monitor point
Domain: rotor
Monitor vertex location (x,y,z): 4.101E-01, 5.703E-02, 5.263E-02
User specified location (x,y,z): 4.100E-01, 5.618E-02, 4.951E-02
Distance to user specified location: 3.231E-03
Valid variables from output variable list:
Air Ideal Gas.Velocity u
Air Ideal Gas.Velocity v
Air Ideal Gas.Velocity w
Pressure
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
The Monitor vertex location shows the actual location which is being monitored (the
closest vertex to the User specified location). The Distance to user specified location
shows the difference between the specified and actual monitoring location.
The Output variable list shows the full name of all variables that will be monitored.

Expression When using the Expression option, the results of the evaluated expression are output at
each iteration. Enter an expression which evaluates to a single value at each timestep. The
following are examples of expressions that could be monitored:
force()@MainWall / ( 0.5*areaAve(density)@Inlet * areaAve(vel )@Inlet
* area()@MainWall )
volumeAve(CO2.mf)@Domain 1
The variable names should be preceded with the fluid name when applicable. You can view
a list of variable names in the Expression details view by right-clicking in the Definition
window when editing an expression.

Viewing You can view a plot of monitor point values during a solver run. For details, see Monitors Tab
Monitor Values (p. 86 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Manager User's Guide").
during a Run

Viewing After the ANSYS CFX-Solver has finished, the monitor point data (if the monitor point
Monitor Point information is required) is extracted from a RES file using the cfx5dfile command. The
Values after a
following syntax is used:
Run
cfx5dfile <file> -read-monitor
where <file> is a ANSYS CFX Definition or results file containing monitor point
information. The output is sent to standard output (you may wish to add a redirect to write
the output to a text file, for example:
cfx5dfile <file> -read-monitor > out.txt
The output is produced as a list of variable names, followed by a comma-delimited list of
values which correspond to the order of variable names. One line of these values is
produced for every iteration that has been carried out.
You can enter:
cfx5dfile -help
to obtain more information.

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Output Control: Working with Output Control

Working with Export Results

File Naming Each instance of an Export Results object will correspond to a particular group of files in
Conventions a transient run.
Transient data is written into a series of files, named using the form:
<prefix>_<timestep>.<extension>
<prefix> defaults to the Export Results object name unless you override this with
the parameter Filename Prefix
<timestep> is a string containing the timestep number
cgns is the only available <extension>
The mesh information (mesh coordinates and nodal area vectors if applicable) is written into
a separate file to save disk space, since the mesh information does not change with time.
The mesh file name is of the form:
<prefix>_mesh.cgns
A link is created for each solution file (<prefix>_<timestep>.cgns) to map the mesh
coordinates to the mesh file (<prefix>_mesh.cgns). If you write your own reader, you need
not open the mesh file separately to read in the mesh coordinates for each solution file.

Output The default behavior of this parameter is to attempt to create one composite boundary
Boundary List region per domain. The boundary condition patches do not have to be in the same domain
and Output
so that rotating dipole sources and regular dipole sources will be contained in the same
Region Naming
export file if this is desired.
Each export surface object name is unique. If the export surface lies within one domain, the
name of each exported surface will simply be the Export Surface object name. If the
export surface lies across multiple domains, a region will be exported for each domain
spanned by the export surface. Such regions are named using the form "<domain
name>.<export surface name>".

Output When either of the acoustic options are selected, the output variables list is implied. For
Variables List both acoustic options, there is output for pressure on vertices and the surface mesh (x, y, z
and topology). For the rotating dipole option there is also output for nodal area vectors.

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Expert Control Parameters

Introduction
This chapter describes:
Modifying Expert Control Parameters (p. 239)

All geometry, domain, boundary condition, mesh, initial value and solver parameter
information is written to the ANSYS CFX-Solver Definition (.def) File.
The definition file contains the relevant information required by the ANSYS CFX-Solver to
conduct the CFD simulation. This information mainly consists of numerical values which set
up the simulation, as well as controls for the ANSYS CFX-Solver.
Many of these parameters are set in ANSYS CFX-Pre. For example, on the Solver Control
panel, you can set the accuracy of the numerical discretization. Other settings, particularly
those controlling the ANSYS CFX-Solver, cannot be set in the normal way through the
ANSYS CFX-Pre interface. These are called Expert Control Parameters and have default
values that do not require modification for the majority of CFD simulations. For details, see
When to Use Expert Control Parameters (p. 419 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Modifying Expert Control Parameters

1. Select Insert > Solver > Expert Parameter.
The Extra Parameters details view appears.
2. Make changes to the appropriate sections on any of the following tabs: Discretization,
Linear Solver, I/O Control, Convergence Control, Physical Models, Particle
Tracking, or Model Overrides.
Making changes requires selecting options and setting specific values. For parameters
with a small number of choices (such as logical parameters), select an option from the
drop-down list. Other parameters require data entry (such as real numbers).
For details on each of the parameters listed on these tabs, see ANSYS CFX-Solver Expert
Control Parameters (p. 420 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
3. Repeat the previous step as desired.

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Expert Control Parameters: Modifying Expert Control Parameters
4. Click OK.

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Turbomachinery Mode

Introduction
This chapter describes:
An Overview of Turbomachinery Mode (p. 241)
Basic Settings (p. 242)
Component Definition (p. 243)
Physics Definition (p. 245)
Boundary Definition (p. 247)
Final Operations (p. 248)

An Overview of Turbomachinery Mode

Turbo mode in ANSYS CFX-Pre is a specialist mode allowing users to set up turbomachinery
simulations, such as compressors or turbines, in a simple manner. Each component of a
rotating machine can be simply defined by selecting a mesh file and some basic parameters
and then the boundary conditions and interfaces between the components are
automatically generated. In addition to the quick setup, existing turbomachinery
simulations can be easily modified to use alternative meshes or to add extra components
with minimum effort. Turbo mode is designed to complement ANSYS TurboGrid but
supports all the common mesh file formats that are supported in the general mode.
Consider an axial turbine made up of three stages (three stators and three rotors). In a
design process you may first want to construct six individual cases, to check the flow around
each individual component. Next you might want to analyze some of the
stator-rotor-stator portions of the machine, creating three more analysis cases. Once these
analyses are complete, you might wish to re-design one of the rotors, and re-create the
stator-rotor-stator analysis with the new rotor. Other cases to investigate might include
multiple blade passages for some/all components, and ultimately you will want to analyze
the entire three stage (six component) machine. Turbo mode is designed to handle all of
these cases.

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Turbomachinery Mode: Basic Settings

Starting a New Simulation in Turbo Mode

1. Launch ANSYS CFX-Pre from CFX Launcher.
2. Select File > New Simulation from the main menu.
3. Select Turbomachinery and click OK.

Note: You do not need to specify a file name until the end of Turbo mode, as you will either
specify the name for the .def file on the Final Operations panel, or you will return to
General mode and make any further required changes to your simulation definition.

Switching to Turbo Mode During a Simulation

You can switch to Turbo mode when working on a general simulation by selecting
Tools > Turbo Mode at any time during the simulation.

Note: Turbo Mode is designed specifically for the setup of Turbo cases, so if it is used for
unsuitable cases some data may be lost.

Navigation through Turbo Mode

There are a number of buttons available in Turbo mode to navigate through the wizard. In
the most part, these behave in the standard manner (i.e. Next moves to the following page,
Back moves to the previous page, etc.). However, the Finish button will simply commit any
data that has been defined up to this point. For example, if data has been entered on the
Basic Settings, Component Definition and Physics Definition pages and then Finish is
pressed, this will result in the basic domain data being committed, but no boundary
condition or interface data will be generated. Cancel, on the other hand, will close the Turbo
mode (revert back to General mode) without any data being committed. Note that, in this
case, any meshes that have been imported will remain in the simulation.

Basic Settings
When Turbo mode is first entered, the Basic Settings panel appears.

Machine Type
The machine type can be any one of Pump, Fan, Axial Compressor, Centrifugal
Compressor, Axial Turbine, Radial Turbine, or Other. In all cases, as part of the Turbo
System functionality, the machine type will be part of the data passed between ANSYS
CFX-Pre and ANSYS CFX-Post in order to aid workflow.

Axes
The axis of rotation for the turbo component is set relative to the Global Coordinate frame
(Coord 0) by default. You can choose a user-specified coordinate frame from the
drop-down list or create a new one by selecting . For details, see Coordinate Frames
(p. 135). For details, see Coordinate Frames (p. 22 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

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 Turbomachinery Mode: Component Definition
Coordinate Choose a Coordinate Frame or click the to create a new coordinate frame. For details,
Frame see Coordinate Frames (p. 135). For details, see Coordinate Frames (p. 22 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Rotational Axis Select the rotational axis relative to the chosen coordinate frame.

Axis Visibility Toggle to select the visibility of the axis.

Component Definition
The Component Definition panel is used to set up the component names, and import
and/or transform the meshes used in the simulation.

Component Selector
Displays the components currently being used in the simulation. Components can be
added, removed and altered using the commands available through right-clicking in the
component selector area.

Command Action
New Component Creates a new component.
Delete Deletes an existing component.
Move Component Up Moves the selected component up in the component list.
Move Component Down Moves the selected component down in the component list.
Axial Alignment Automatically moves meshes, along the axis of rotation, in order to
align the inlet and outlet regions.

You must ensure that the components are ordered correctly in the selector from top (inlet
end) to bottom (outlet end).

Component Type
If the component is rotating, the angular speed is required under Value. The rotation axis is
defined on the Basic Settings panel. For details, see Rotational Axis (p. 243).

Mesh File

Click Browse to assign a mesh file to the selected component. The Import Mesh dialog
box will appear requesting the file name, location, and file type. For some file types, the
mesh units must be specified; this is indicated by the presence of a Mesh Units dropdown
menu. If a mesh file has previously been specified, selecting a new mesh file will result in the
original file being deleted and the new mesh being imported. In addition to this, the Reload
Mesh feature is available in General Mode which allows multiple mesh files to be replaced
at once. For details, see Reload Mesh Files Command (p. 26).

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Turbomachinery Mode: Component Definition
If you wish to use a mesh volume that has already been imported as part of another
component, do not specify a mesh file here and set Available Volumes > Volumes to the
appropriate region.

Passages and Alignment

This section shows the details of the mesh geometry. In the default state, it will display the
number of blades in the mesh file and the number in 360 degrees. To change these values
click the Edit button.
For quick response, the Preview button provides immediate feedback of the changes
made. Once the correct settings are selected, clicking Done will apply the transformation.
You can select Cancel to discard your latest change or select Reset to return all parameters
to their default values.

Passages/Mesh Passages Per Mesh is an indication of the number of blade passages that exist in the
selected mesh file. The value will normally be 1.

Passages to This parameter is optional and is used to specify the number of passages in the section
Model being modeled. This value is used in ANSYS CFX-Post.

Passages in 360 This parameter is optional and is used to specify the number of passages in the machine.
This value is used in ANSYS CFX-Post.
If this value is not specified it is automatically calculated based on how many copies of the
mesh are required for modeling a full 360 degree section.

Theta Offset Rotates the selected mesh, about the rotational axis, through an angle theta. The offset can

be a single value or set to an expression by clicking .

Available Volumes
Set Volumes to the 3D region(s) that apply for the selected component.
Normally this will not be required - it simply contains all of the mesh volumes for the mesh
file specified above. However, if you wish to set up a case where a single mesh file contains
the meshes for multiple components, select the appropriate mesh volume here.

Region Information
This section shows the names of the mesh regions that have been recognized as potential
boundaries and interfaces. This name matching is done using the template names provided,
which can be configured for your particular mesh files as appropriate. If the list of names
that is shown is incorrect or incomplete, these can be modified accordingly. In the default
case, this data should not need changing.

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 Turbomachinery Mode: Physics Definition

Wall Configuration
This option is for rotating components only and allows you to model a tip clearance at either
the current shroud or hub location (Tip Clearance at Shroud or Tip Clearance at Hub). If
activated by selecting Yes, then a Counter Rotating Wall option is set for the required
boundary. The default setting for No is a No Slip wall boundary condition.

Physics Definition
Properties of the fluid domain and solver parameters are specified on the Physics
Definition panel.

Fluid
Choose a Fluid from the list. Only one is permitted.

Simulation Type
The simulation type determines whether your problem is steady-state or transient. If the
problem is transient, set Total Time to the total simulation time and Time Steps to the
timestep increment. For example, to study 10 timesteps over 0.1 seconds, set Total Time to
0.1 [s] and Time Steps to 0.01 [s].

For details, see Simulation Type (p. 139).

Model Data
Reference This is used to set the absolute pressure level that all other relative pressure set in a
Pressure simulation are measured relative to. For details, see Setting a Reference Pressure (p. 10 in
"ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Heat Transfer This model selection will depend upon the type of fluid you have chosen. For details, see
Heat Transfer (p. 8 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Turbulence The models available will depend upon the fluid which has been chosen. For details, see
Turbulence and Near-Wall Modeling (p. 97 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Boundary Templates
Select from one of the commonly used configurations of boundary conditions or choose
None. The configurations are listed from the least robust option to the most robust. For
details, see Recommended Configurations of Boundary Conditions (p. 50 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Interface
Select a default interface type that will be applied to components. This can be modified later
on a per-component basis.
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Turbomachinery Mode: Interface Definition

Solver Parameters
Advection For details, see Advection Scheme Selection (p. 385 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Scheme

Convergence This option is only available for steady state simulations and determines how the timestep
Control size is used to aid convergence. You can select Automatic (timestep size controlled by the
solver) or Physical Timescale (enter a timestep value).

Time Scale This option is only available for steady state simulations. The automatic time scale algorithm
Option can be either conservative or aggressive. For details, see Automatic Time Scale Calculation
(p. 58 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Theory Guide").

Interface Definition
Domain interfaces are used to connect multiple assemblies together, to model frame
change between domains, and to create periodic regions within and between domains.
Domain interfaces are automatically generated based on the region information.
The list box shows the existing interfaces. You can right-click and select New to create a
new interface or Delete to delete an existing one.
Clicking on an interface from the list allows for the viewing and editing of its properties,
including Side 1, Side 2 and Type. For details, see Type (p. 246).
ANSYS CFX-Pre will automatically attempt to determine the frame change and periodic
regions. For details, see Type (p. 246). Such interfaces are named according to the following:
for two domains, A and B:
Periodic connection in domain A: A to A Periodic
Periodic connection in domain B: B to B Periodic
Fluid-Fluid interface between domain A and B: A to B <type> or B to A <type>
where <type> can be one of Frozen Rotor, Stage, or Transient Rotor Stator. For
details, see Type (p. 246).

Type
The frame change interfaces model the interface between a rotating assembly and a
stationary assembly. For details, see Frame Change/Mixing Model (p. 137 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide"). When the simulation type is steady state, four options are
available to model frame change:
None
Stage: For details, see Stage (p. 138 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Periodic
Frozen Rotor: For details, see Frozen Rotor (p. 137 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling
Guide").
When a transient simulation is being run:

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 Turbomachinery Mode: Boundary Definition
None
Stage: For details, see Stage (p. 138 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Periodic
Transient Rotor-Stator: For details, see Transient Rotor-Stator (p. 139 in "ANSYS
CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
In addition, a frame change interface of type None is created for tip clearance regions and
disconnected regions of mesh within a component (for example between an inlet section
and a blade section). Periodic interfaces are used in regions where a portion of the flow field
is repeated in many identical regions. The flow around a single turbine blade in a rotating
machine, or around a single louvre in a whole array in a heat exchanger fin are such
examples.

Boundary Definition
The Boundary Definition panel is used to set boundary conditions for the remaining
surfaces in the simulation.
The list box shows the existing interfaces. You can right-click and select New to create a
new interface or Delete to delete an existing one.
The Flow Specification options (Wall Influence On Flow) vary with the boundary type.
For details, see Flow Specification/Wall Influence on Flow (p. 247).
ANSYS CFX-Pre uses the information gained from domain interfaces and region
specification to automatically create the required boundary condition locations in addition
to any template boundary configuration that the user has chosen. You can check the
definition for each one by clicking on a boundary and viewing the properties displayed. You
can change the properties of any of the automatic boundary conditions. You should ensure
that you set the parameter values for the inlet and outlet boundary conditions since they
will assume default values.

Boundary Data
Specify the boundary type and select the location from the drop-down list. Alternatively,
while the Location list is active, click in the viewer to directly select the surface.

Flow Specification/Wall Influence on Flow

The options available for Flow Specification and Wall Influence on Flow will depend on
the boundary type. For information on each type of boundary, please refer to the relevant
section in the Boundary Conditions documentation:
Boundary Details: Inlet (p. 179)
Boundary Details: Outlet (p. 180)
Boundary Details: Opening (p. 180)
Boundary Details: Wall (p. 181)
Symmetry Boundary Conditions (p. 187)

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Turbomachinery Mode: Final Operations

Final Operations
Select one of the following operations:
Start Solver enters General mode, writes the solver (.def) file with the specified
name and passes it to the ANSYS CFX-Solver Manager.
Start Solver and Quit writes the solver (.def) file with the specified name, passes it
to the ANSYS CFX-Solver Manager and shuts down ANSYS CFX-Pre. This option is not
available when running ANSYS CFX in ANSYS Workbench.
Enter General Mode simply enters General mode without writing any files.

Click Finish to exit Turbo mode.

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Library Objects

Library Overview
Model library templates contain CCL physics definitions for complex simulations. Loading a
Model Library imports the CCL definition contained in a template file.
Once this is done, a mesh can be imported and the locations of domains, boundaries, etc.
can be assigned. Template files are located in <CFXROOT>/etc/model-templates/
directory (ANSYS CFX-Pre will open this directory when a new simulation is created in
Library mode).
Model libraries are designed to simplify the problem setup of simulations involving
complex physics. Once the problem definition is loaded, ANSYS CFX-Pre enters General
Mode, allowing changes to any or all parameters.
Selecting Library Template from the New Simulation dialog box in ANSYS CFX-Pre allows
the user to choose one of the following simulation model templates:
Boiling Water (p. 250)
Cavitating Water (p. 250)
Coal Combustion (p. 250)
Comfort Factors (p. 251)
Evaporating Drops (see Liquid Evaporation Model (p. 215 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide"))
Multigrey Radiation (p. 252)
Oil Combustion (see Liquid Evaporation Model: Oil Evaporation/Combustion (p. 216 in
"ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide"))
Spray Dryer (see Liquid Evaporation Model: Spray Dryer (p. 216 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide"))

ANSYS CFX-Pre User's Guide Page 249

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Library Objects: Boiling Water

Boiling Water
The boiling water template contains domain settings for a simulation modeling the boiling
of water. The domain boiling device is specified with two fluids: Water at 100 C and
Water Vapour at 100 C. Water at 100 C is the continuous phase and Water Vapour
at 100 C is the dispersed phase. The inhomogeneous multiphase model is employed. For
details, see The Inhomogeneous (Interfluid Transfer) Model (p. 161 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver
Modeling Guide").
Boiling is modeled by setting the Mass Transfer option on the Fluid Pairs tab to Phase
Change (which uses the thermal phase change model and requires a saturation
temperature).
Review all settings applied to the simulation and create suitable boundary conditions. For
details, see Thermal Phase Change Model (p. 181 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Initialization data must also be set. For details, see Initial Conditions for a Multiphase
Simulation (p. 93 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Cavitating Water
The cavitation model template contains domain settings and fluid models for a cavitating
flow. The domain cavitating device is specified with two fluids, Water at 25 C and
Water Vapour at 25 C. The homogeneous multiphase model is employed. For details, see
The Homogeneous Model (p. 162 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
The Rayleigh Plesset model is used to model cavitation in the domain. For details, see
Rayleigh Plesset Model (p. 184 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Boiling is modeled by setting the Mass Transfer option on the Fluid Pairs tab to Phase
Change (which uses the thermal phase change model and requires a saturation
temperature).
Review all settings applied to the simulation and create suitable boundary conditions. For
details, see Cavitation Model (p. 183 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide"). Initialization
data must also be set. For details, see Initial Conditions for a Multiphase Simulation (p. 93 in
"ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Coal Combustion
The coal combustion analysis template contains all the material definitions to perform a coal
calculation using proximate/ultimate input data. Analysis data is provided for a commonly
used coal. The template includes a global single-step devolatilization mechanism, together
with materials and reactions for performing NOx calculations, including fuel NOx
generation and NO reburn.

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 Library Objects: Comfort Factors
Further information on proximate/ultimate analysis is available. For details, see
Hydrocarbon Fuel Model Setup (p. 248 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

Comfort Factors
ANSYS CFX supports two methods for calculating Mean Radiant Temperature and
Resultant Temperature for use in HVAC simulations. Resultant Temperature is a
comfort factor defined in [92]. The two approaches are:
Derive the factors during post-processing, as user scalar variables.
A ANSYS CFX-Post macro is available for this purpose, and is accessed using the Macro
Calculator from the Tools menu. This is the most common approach. For details, see
Comfort Factors (p. 137 in "ANSYS CFX-Post User's Guide").
Compute them as runtime additional variables.
This method is best used when the control system depends upon a derived comfort
factor. The approach involves using the comfort-factors.ccl library file in ANSYS
CFX-Pre.
This model template can be used when an HVAC model simulates, for example, a ventilation
system in which the control system depends dynamically on derived comfort factors. The
model library template creates two additional variables: PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) and PPD
(Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied), which are are comfort factors defined in [93].
A User Fortran routine named pmvppd.F has been developed for computing the values of
PMV. The template contains a CCL definition for the user routine named pmvppd, which calls
the Fortran routine. Values for U, V, W, temperature and radiation intensity are passed to the
routine and the dimensionless value of PMV is returned. The value is then used to calculate
PPD based on the formula:

4 2
PPD = 100 95 exp ( 0.03353 PMV 0.2179 PV M ) (Eqn. 1)

Only a fixed value for humidity for PVM and PPD can be used at the present time. The values
should be supplied as partial pressure of water vapour.
Radiation and the ISO tables for metabolic rate and clothing thermal resistance are included
in the template file, which can be accessed by opening the following file in a text editor:
<CFXROOT>/etc/model-templates/comfort-factors.ccl
You can also use customized values pertinent to your simulation. Full details are given in the
template file itself.
The Fortran routine is available.
Compiling the routine requires the use of the cfx5mkext utility. For details, see Creating the
Shared Libraries (p. 446 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
It is required that an absolute Library Path must be explicitly set to the User Routine. For
details, see User CEL Routines (p. 127).

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Library Objects: Multigrey Radiation

Multigrey Radiation
The multigrey radiation template contains domain settings for a simulation modeling
combustion. The domain combustor is specified with a methane/air burning mixture. It is
solved using the Eddy Dissipation combustion model, the Discrete Transfer thermal
radiation model and the Multigray spectral model.
Review all settings applied to the simulation and create suitable boundary conditions.
For details, see Combustion Modeling (p. 259 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
For details, see Radiation Modeling (p. 289 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
Additional information on Multigrey Radiation is available.
For details, see Eddy Dissipation Model (p. 264 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").
For details, see The Discrete Transfer Model (p. 295 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling
Guide").
For details, see Spectral Model (p. 301 in "ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide").

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Command Editor Dialog Box

Introduction
This chapter describes:
Using the Command Editor Dialog Box (p. 253)
Performing Command Actions (p. 254)
Using Power Syntax (p. 254)

The Command Editor dialog box is a text interface for ANSYS CFX-Pre and ANSYS CFX-Post.
It can be used to issue commands or to create or modify the CCL that defines the state.

Using the Command Editor Dialog Box

1. Select Tools > Command Editor. Alternatively, right click any object that can be
modified using the Command Editor dialog box and select Edit in Command Editor.
If you select Tools > Command Editor, the Command Editor dialog box opens and
displays the current state regardless of any selection. If the Command Editor dialog
box has not been used previously, it displays as a blank dialog box. If you do not
want to edit the CCL that appears, click Clear to erase all contents from the
Command Editor dialog box.
If you right click an object and select Edit in Command Editor, the CCL definition of
the specific object populates the Command Editor dialog box automatically.
Parameters can be modified or added as required and then the new object
definition can be processed to apply the changes.
2. Click in the Command Editor dialog box.
3. Prepare the content of the Command Editor dialog box by adding new content,
modifying the existing content, or both.
The types of content that may be prepared are CCL, action commands and power
syntax. Combinations of these types of content are also allowed.
You can access the following basic editing tools by right-clicking in the Command
Editor dialog box:
Undo
ANSYS CFX-Pre User's Guide Page 253
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Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates.
Command Editor Dialog Box: Performing Command Actions
Undoes the last edit action.
Redo
Redoes the most recently undone edit action.
Cut
Cuts the selected text and places it on a clipboard.
Copy
Places the selected text on a clipboard.
Paste
Pastes the clipboard text at the insertion point, or replaces the selection.
Clear
Clears all of the contents of the Command Editor dialog box.
Select All
Selects all of the contents of the Command Editor dialog box.
Find
Makes a search tool appear at the bottom of the Command Editor dialog box. Enter
a search term and click either Next or Previous to search upwards or downwards
from the insertion point or text selection. To hide the search tool, press <Esc>.
4. Click Process.
The contents will be processed; CCL will affect CCL object definitions; actions will be
carried out; power syntax will be executed.

Performing Command Actions

Many of the operations performed in the GUI can also be driven by processing a command
action in the Command Editor dialog box. For example, a domain named Domain1 can be
deleted by processing the following command.
>delete /FLOW/DOMAIN:Domain1
Command actions should be preceded by a prompt consisting of a right angle bracket (>).
For details, see Command Actions (p. 185 in "ANSYS CFX-Post User's Guide").

Using Power Syntax

Power Syntax (Perl) commands can be issued through the Command Editor. This can be
useful when performing repeated operations such as creating multiple objects with similar
properties. Any valid power syntax command can be entered in the editor and processed.
Power Syntax commands should be preceded by a prompt consisting of an exclamation
mark (!). For details, see Power Syntax in ANSYS CFX (p. 199 in "ANSYS CFX-Post User's
Guide").

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Index
Numerics contour 186
profile visualization 186
1D interpolation 113 vector 186
boundary conditions
default 168
A

adaption C
convergence criteria 203, 205
criteria 203, 204 calling name 120
criteria method 205 camera 55
level 201 case file 19
maximum number of levels 206 cavitation
maximum number of steps 204 model library 244
node allocation parameter 206 setting in CFX-Pre 150
number of nodes in adapted mesh 204 CFX-4 mesh import 69
solution variation 205 CFX-5
step 201, 206 def/res file mesh import 66
variation * edge length 205 cfx5dfile 230
additional variables cfx5gtmconvert 81
editor 87 CFX-TASCflow v2
models 144 importing mesh from 66
pairs 151 CFX-TurboGrid, importing grids from 67
allocation of nodes per step 206 Clipping
argument units Plane 58
input 116 cloud of points 114
return 116 color
assembly boundary 186
mesh 60 composite regions 60
contour
boundary 186
B convergence control
equation class settings 211
batch mode transient simulations 210
in CFX-Pre 13 convergence criteria
bitmap (bmp) 36 for mesh adaption 201, 203, 205
blockoff, retaining during mesh import 66 convert 3d region labels 66
boundary copy object 21

ANSYS CFX-Pre User's Guide Page i

Index: D
D I

default ICEM CFD 71

boundary conditions 168 IDEAS Universal 75
defining ignore connections 66
your own units 125 import
definition file mesh 64
in CFX-Pre 19 mesh from
display CFX-4 69
boundary conditions 166 CFX-5 def/res file 66
domain CFX-TASCflow v2 66
definition 133 CGNS 71
models, additional variables 87 GridPro/az3000 75
topology 60 ICEM CFD 71
IDEAS Universal 75
double buffering 45
MSC/NASTRAN 75
duplicate node checking 65
Patran neutral 71
Pointwise Gridgen 76
user mesh import 76
E input argument units 116
interpolation
encapsulated PostScript (eps) 36 1D 113
equation class settings 211 cloud of points 114
interpolation 1d 113

F
J
file
quit 37 jpeg (jpg) 36
fixed composition mixture 100 junction box routines 121
fixed mass fraction 100
flamelet library 106
fluid L
details 144
models 139 library name 120
fluid domains 133 library path 120
frames light
rotating and stationary 169 moving 46
function name 116

M
G
mapping of the mouse 45
GridPro/az3000 75 material and reaction selector 93
GTM file 19 material editor 93
mesh
importing 64
H topology 60
mesh adaption
highlight type 44 basic parameters 204
highlighting 57 convergence criteria 203, 205
maximum number of levels 206

Page ii ANSYS CFX-Pre User's Guide

 Index: N
number of nodes in adapted mesh 204 PostScript (ps) 36
running in parallel 203 ppm (portable pixel map) 36
solution variation 205 primitive regions 60
variation * edge length 205 profile
Mesh Adaption Advanced Parameters contour 186
form 205 data format 171
mixture vector 186
fixed composition 100 ps (PostScript) 36
variable composition 100 pure substance 98
monitor
objects 219
points 219 Q
mouse mapping 45
move light 46 quitting
moving mesh 229 from the file menu 37
MSC/Nastran mesh import 75
multi-step reaction 105
R

N reaction
multi-step 105
name reaction editor 104
function 116 reaction selector 93
library 120 recording
new start and stop 51
session 50 region
node allocation parameter 206 topology 60
node removal tolerance 65 retain blockoff 66
return argument units 116
rotating and stationary frames 169
O

object selector 20 S
options
double buffering 45 session
new 50
play 50
P session files
in CFX-Post 49
parallel in CFX-Pre 49
with mesh adaption 203 set
paste object 21 pivot 46
Patran show legend 22
neutral mesh import 71 simulation type 131
picking mode 57 single step reaction 104
play solid
session 50 sources 159
png (portable network graphics) 36 solution and geometry units 126
Pointwise Gridgen 76 solution units 126
portable network graphics (png) 36 solver controls 209
portable pixel map (ppm) 36 sources

ANSYS CFX-Pre User's Guide Page iii

Index: T
subdomain 157 highlight type 44
start viewing mode 56
recording 51 virtual reality modelling language (vrml) 36
stationary frames, rotating and 169 vrml (virtual reality modelling language) 36
steady state 131
stop
recording 51 W
subdomain
sources 157 wrl (vrml file extension) 36
topology 60
syntax
for units 123 Z

zoom 46
T

tools
object selector 20
topology
for domains and subdomains 60
transient 131
transient results 217
transient simulations
convergence control 210
translate 46
TurboGrid, importing grids from 67
TurboPre
importing grids from 68

units 126
input argument 116
return argument 116
strings 123
syntax 123
user defined 125
user
mesh import 76
user CEL function 119
user function editor 113
user function selector 119

variable composition mixture 100

vector
boundary profile visualization 186
viewer 53

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