Study of Animal Types
Study of Animal Types
Classification of Cockroach
Kingdom - Animalia
Phylum - Arthropoda
Class - Insecta
Genus - Periplanata
Species - americana
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5] Three pairs of thoracic legs are present on ventral side. b] Oesophagus Pharynx continues in a narrow tubular
Each leg is five segmented and is covered with the passage called oesophagus which opens into crop
sensory bristles and spines c] Crop It is a large pear shaped sac which stores food
6] Each leg has five podomeres called coxa, trochanter, and passes it to gizzard
femur, tibia and tarsus d] Gizzard It is a thick walled sac which consist of six
7] The tarsus is the last segment and is made up of five large pointed teeth for grinding and crushing of food
movable segments or tarsomeres. The last segment of 2] Midgut or Mesenteron It consist of hepatic caeca
the tarsus bears a pair of claws and arolium helpful in and stomach
clinging a] Hepatic caeca It is present at the junction of foregut
Abdomen and midgut. They are thin, transparent about 8 in
1] It is the largest of all the three regions number which are arranged in whorl. They secrete
2] It consists of most of the visceral organs digestive enzymes which is mixed in food
3] Its segmentation is conspicuous both dorsally as well as b] Stomach - It is a short narrow tube concerned with
ventrally digestion of food
4] It is formed of 11 segments of which 11 th segment is 3] Hindgut or Proctodaeum It is divided into ileum,
reduced and fused with the 10th segment colon and rectum and is concerned with absorption of
5] Dorsally each segment is covered by tergite and food. At the junction of midgut and hindgut number of
ventrally by sternite. The tergite and sternite are yellow thread like structures are present called
laterally connected by unsclerotized flexible pleura malphigian tubules
6] The cockroaches show sexual dimorphism. In males a] Ileum It is a short narrow tube
anal styles are present in 9th segment which are absent b] Colon It is a coiled wide tube
in females c] Rectum It is the last part of hindgut which opens
7] The 10th segment bears a pair of large segmented cerci outside by anus
sensitive to air movements, including sounds and
ground vibrations which are visible in both dorsal and B] Salivary glands
ventral view
8] Eight pairs of spiracles are present in the abdomen
9] The genital openings are present on different segments
in both the sexes and are surrounded by the chitinous
plates in both which are collectively called
gonapophyses
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4] The pericardial sinus consist of heart and perineural
sinus consist of nerve cord
5] The haemocoel is also present in legs and appendages
Heart
1] It is long, muscular and elongated
2] It is situated mid dorsally in pericardial sinus
3] It consist of 13 inverted funnel shaped chambers
4] Each chamber is supported by a pair of alary muscles
5] The first three chambers are located in thorax and
remaining ten in abdomen
6] Each chamber except last consist of auricular valve
(Ostia) and ventricular valve
7] The auricular valve is situated posterior-laterally and
ventricular valve anteriorly which opens into adjacent
chambers
8] The auricular and ventricular valve prevent back flow
of blood
9] The first chamber of heart leads into a small blood
vessel called aorta which opens into head sinus
Haemolymph
1] It is the fluid of circulatory system
Nervous system of cockroach 2] It is colourless without respiratory pigment
3] It consist of plasma and haemocytes
3] It arises from suboesophageal ganglion and runs 4] It consist of large amount of amino acid and uric acid
throughout the thorax and abdomen The haemocytes are the blood cells which
4] It is made up of two solid nerve cords which run are of two different types
parallel to each other which fuse in the region of a] Proleucocytes
ganglia The cells are small in size with large nucleus
5] It consist of nine ganglia three thoracic and six b] Phagocytes
abdominal The cells are large in size with small nucleus
6] The thoracic ganglia are one per segment and which digests the foreign particles
accordingly called as prothoracic, mesothoracic and
metathoracic ganglion located in the prothoracic, Circulation in cockroach
mesothoracic and metathoracic segments respectively
7] The abdominal ganglion lie one in each 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, Anterior aorta Head sinus Perivisceral sinus
5th, and 7th abdominal segments
8] Except 7th abdominal ganglia each of the abdominal
ganglia is formed by the fusion of a pair of ganglia
9] The 7th abdominal ganglia is formed by the fusion of Heart chambersPericardial sinus Dorsal diaphragm
several pairs of ganglia and is the largest among
abdominal ganglia 1] The circulation of blood in cockroach is in one
direction
Circulatory system of Cockroach 2] The blood from heart through aorta is passed into head
sinus
3] The head sinus passes the blood to the perivisceral
sinus
4] The perivisceral sinus passes the blood into perineural
sinus
5] The blood from pericardial sinus through Ostia again
enters into the heart
Significance
1] It keeps the cells, tissues and body cavity moist
2] It transports the nutrients to all parts of the body
3] It collects waste from all parts of the body and brings it
near excretory system
4] It carries the CO2 towards body surface to diffuse it
outside the body
Haemocoel -
1] It is the body cavity Respiratory system of cockroach
2] By dorsal and ventral perforated diaphragm it is divided
into three chambers 1] It is made up of many branching tubes
3] The upper chamber is called as pericardial sinus, 2] The tubes are present in each of the segments which
middle perivisceral sinus and ventral perineural sinus begin at openings on the body surface called spiracles
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3] These tubes get connected to the larger tubes called 2] The testes are present on the lateral side each in 4 th to
tracheae found close to the dorsal blood vessel and 6th segment and produces sperms
heart 3] Each testes gives rise to a thin vasa diferentia which
4] Each trachea branches into smaller tubes called through a seminal vesicle opens into ejaculatory duct
tracheoles which surrounds all the organs and tissues 4] The ejaculatory duct opens into the gonopore just below
5] Air enters the body through spiracles, passes into the the anus
trachea and moves on into the tracheoles and finally 5] The sperms produced by the testes are stored in the
into the body tissues seminal vesicle in the form of bundles called
6] The oxygen present into the air than diffuses into the spermatophores
cells of the tissues and carbondioxide form cells to the 6] The accessory male reproductive glands are mushroom
tracheoles shaped which are present in the 6th and 7th abdominal
7] Air leaves the body to outside through spiracles segment
7] The other gland present in the reproductive system is
Reproductive system of cockroach the phallic gland
Cockroaches are dioecious i.e. male and 8] Number of glands are also present along the ejaculatory
female insects are separate duct that secrete substances which help the sperm to
fertilize the egg
Female reproductive system of cockroach